JP5057452B2 - Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5057452B2 JP5057452B2 JP2007243562A JP2007243562A JP5057452B2 JP 5057452 B2 JP5057452 B2 JP 5057452B2 JP 2007243562 A JP2007243562 A JP 2007243562A JP 2007243562 A JP2007243562 A JP 2007243562A JP 5057452 B2 JP5057452 B2 JP 5057452B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hammer
- crushing
- fluorescent lamp
- crushing chamber
- waste fluorescent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
- B02C19/0068—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up fluorescent tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/52—Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/60—Glass recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Description
本発明は、廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a selective crushing method and apparatus for waste fluorescent lamps.
現在、廃蛍光ランプのリサイクル対象は直管形や環形である。これらの蛍光ランプは形状が統一されているため、コンベア上に並べられ、両端（直管）あるいは円周の一部（丸管）の口金部分を自動的に切断することでガラス部を回収してきた。 Currently, waste fluorescent lamps are recycled for straight tube and ring types. Since these fluorescent lamps have a uniform shape, they are arranged on a conveyor, and the glass part is recovered by automatically cutting the bases at both ends (straight pipe) or part of the circumference (round pipe). It was.
ガラスはソーダ石灰ガラスであるが、口金付近だけは鉛ガラスを使用しており、鉛ガラスは口金部と共に回収される。切断後は筒状のガラス開口部より強く空気を吹き込み、ガラス内壁に付着した蛍光体並びに水銀を空気と共に回収する。 Although the glass is soda-lime glass, lead glass is used only in the vicinity of the base, and the lead glass is collected together with the base part. After cutting, air is blown stronger than the cylindrical glass opening, and the phosphor and mercury adhering to the inner wall of the glass are collected together with the air.
丸管の場合、製造時加熱して管状に整形するため直管に比べ蛍光体のガラスへの固着力が強く、空気と共にショット剤を吹き込むこともある。 In the case of a round tube, since it is heated and shaped into a tubular shape at the time of manufacture, the phosphor is more firmly fixed to the glass than a straight tube, and a shot agent may be blown together with air.
一方、近年、急増しているコンパクト形や電球形蛍光ランプは、形状の種類が極めて多く自動処理ができないため、口金切断機への装着を１つずつ手で行っているのが現状である。また、切断後の開口部が１カ所のため、エアブローによる蛍光体・水銀の回収もできない。 On the other hand, in recent years, compact types and light bulb-type fluorescent lamps, which have been rapidly increasing, have a very large variety of shapes and cannot be automatically processed. Moreover, since there is one opening after cutting, the phosphor and mercury cannot be recovered by air blow.
蛍光ランプの口金を切断するではなく、廃蛍光ランプの全体を破砕する技術としては、主として事業所などの排出元で破砕しその後の運搬効率を高める目的の小型で移動可能な破砕機が知られている（特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３、特許文献４、特許文献５、特許文献６参照）。 As a technology for crushing the entire fluorescent lamp rather than cutting the fluorescent lamp cap, there is a small and movable crusher that is mainly used for crushing at the discharge source of the business office and increasing the subsequent transport efficiency. (See Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6).
大量処理が可能な廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕技術も紹介されている（特許文献としては、特許文献７、特許文献８、特許文献９、特許文献１０参照）が、いずれも形状の揃った直管あるいは丸管を整列させて送りだす機構のもので、多様な形状の電球形やコンパクト形の選択破砕する性能を有していない。 A selective crushing technique for waste fluorescent lamps capable of mass processing has also been introduced (see Patent Document 7, Patent Document 8, Patent Document 9, and Patent Document 10). Or it is a thing of the mechanism which arranges and sends out a round tube, and does not have the performance which carries out selective crushing of the light bulb form of various shapes, or a compact form.
特許文献１〜６記載の発明には、口金を残してガラスだけを選択破砕し、運搬後のリサイクルを容易にする機能を有するものもあるが、いずれも直管あるいは丸管を対象としており、多様な形状の電球形やコンパクト形の選択破砕する性能を有していない。また、１度に１個〜３個程度の投入を前提とした小型破砕機であり、大量処理には向かない。 The inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 6 have a function of selectively crushing only the glass leaving the base and facilitating recycling after transportation, both of which are directed to straight pipes or round pipes, It does not have the ability to selectively crush light bulbs and compact shapes of various shapes. Moreover, it is a small crusher on the premise that about 1 to 3 pieces are charged at a time, and is not suitable for mass processing.
そして、特許文献７〜１０記載の発明は、いずれも形状の揃った直管あるいは丸管を整列させて送りだす機構のもので、多様な形状の電球形やコンパクト形の選択破砕する性能を有していない。 The inventions described in Patent Documents 7 to 10 are all of a mechanism for aligning and feeding straight tubes or round tubes with uniform shapes, and have the ability to selectively crush various shapes of bulbs and compacts. Not.
本発明は、異形蛍光ランプを対象とした大量リサイクルシステムにおけるランプの破砕において、上記従来の問題を解決する廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置を実現するものである。 The present invention realizes a selective crushing method and apparatus for a waste fluorescent lamp that solves the above-described conventional problems in crushing a lamp in a mass recycling system for irregular shaped fluorescent lamps.
本発明は上記課題を解決するために、破砕機と、該破砕機を支持し且つ破砕機で破砕されたガラス片を受けるガラス受ハウジングを備えて成る廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置であって、前記破砕機は、ガラス受ハウジング上に支持された円筒状の破砕チャンバと、該破砕チャンバ内で破砕チャンバの軸心を中心に回転する回転軸と、該回転軸に取り付けられたハンマとを備えており、前記ハンマと破砕チャンバとの間には、ハンマが破砕チャンバ内で回転可能である以外の隙間はない構成とし、前記ハンマは回転軸に枢着され、バネ、油圧又は圧縮空気により、枢着支点を中心に回転軸の反回転方向に付勢力が作用されており、破砕中、破砕すべき廃蛍光ランプに過剰な荷重がかかった際、前記付勢力の助けによりハンマを枢着する支点を中心にハンマの反回転方向に揺動可能とし、前記破砕チャンバの一端から前記破砕チャンバと回転軸の間のスペースに供給された廃蛍光ランプを、前記ハンマによって、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力及び剪断力を作用させずに、ハンマの衝撃力のみによって、口金部を破砕することなく、ガラス部分のみを選択的に破砕する構成としたことを特徴とする廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置を提供する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a selective crushing apparatus for a waste fluorescent lamp comprising a crusher and a glass receiving housing that supports the crusher and receives a glass piece crushed by the crusher, The crusher includes a cylindrical crushing chamber supported on a glass receiving housing, a rotating shaft that rotates around the axis of the crushing chamber in the crushing chamber, and a hammer attached to the rotating shaft. In addition, there is no gap between the hammer and the crushing chamber except that the hammer can be rotated in the crushing chamber, the hammer is pivotally attached to a rotating shaft, and by a spring, hydraulic pressure or compressed air, An urging force is applied in the counter-rotating direction of the rotating shaft around the pivoting fulcrum. When an excessive load is applied to the waste fluorescent lamp to be crushed during crushing, the hammer is pivoted with the aid of the urging force. Centered on fulcrum And swingable reverse rotation direction of the hammer, a waste fluorescent lamp that is supplied to the space between one end of the crushing chamber of the rotary shaft and the crushing chamber, by said hammer, compressive forces, frictional forces, tensile forces and shear There is provided a selective crushing device for a waste fluorescent lamp characterized in that only a glass portion is selectively crushed without crushing a base portion by only an impact force of a hammer without applying force.
本発明は上記課題を解決するために、破砕機と、該破砕機を支持し且つ破砕機で破砕されたガラス片を受けるガラス受ハウジングを備えて成る廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置を使用した廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法であって、前記破砕機は、円筒状の破砕チャンバと、該破砕チャンバ内で破砕チャンバの軸心を中心に回転する回転軸と、該回転軸に取り付けられたハンマとを備え、前記ハンマと破砕チャンバとの間には、ハンマが破砕チャンバ内で回転可能である以外の隙間はない構成とし、前記ハンマを回転軸に枢着し、バネ、油圧又は圧縮空気により、枢着支点を中心に回転軸の反回転方向に付勢力を作用し、破砕中、破砕すべき廃蛍光ランプに過剰な荷重がかかった際、前記付勢力の助けによりハンマを枢着する支点を中心にハンマの反回転方向に揺動可能とし、前記破砕チャンバの一端から前記破砕チャンバと回転軸の間のスペースに供給された廃蛍光ランプを、前記ハンマによって、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力及び剪断力を作用させずに、ハンマの衝撃力のみによって、口金部を破砕することなく、ガラス部分のみを選択的に破砕することを特徴とする廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a waste using a selective crusher for a waste fluorescent lamp comprising a crusher and a glass receiving housing that supports the crusher and receives a glass piece crushed by the crusher. A selective crushing method for a fluorescent lamp, wherein the crusher includes a cylindrical crushing chamber, a rotating shaft that rotates around the axis of the crushing chamber in the crushing chamber, and a hammer attached to the rotating shaft. There is no gap between the hammer and the crushing chamber except that the hammer can be rotated in the crushing chamber, the hammer is pivotally attached to a rotating shaft, and by a spring, hydraulic pressure or compressed air, An urging force is applied in the counter-rotating direction of the rotating shaft around the pivoting fulcrum. Anti-hammer in the center Rolling and swingable in a direction, a waste fluorescent lamp that is supplied to the space between one end of the crushing chamber of the rotary shaft and the crushing chamber, by said hammer, compressive forces, frictional forces, tensile forces and acting a shearing force There is provided a selective crushing method for a waste fluorescent lamp characterized by selectively crushing only a glass portion without crushing a base portion only by an impact force of a hammer.
本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置は、衝撃力を主体とし、衝撃力以外の力（圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力、剪断力）がなるべくかからないようにして、ガラスを一定の大きさに破砕したら速やかに破砕装置の外に取り出すことが可能である。 The selective crushing apparatus for waste fluorescent lamps of the present invention is mainly made of impact force, and the glass is made to have a certain size so that force (compression force, friction force, tensile force, shear force) other than impact force is not applied as much as possible. It can be taken out of the crushing device immediately after crushing.
本発明に係る廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置を実施するための最良の形態を実施例に基づいて図面を参照して、以下に説明する。 The best mode for carrying out the selective crushing method and apparatus for waste fluorescent lamps according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings based on the embodiments.
本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置は、衝撃力を主体とする破砕装置で、衝撃力以外の力（圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力、剪断力）がなるべくかからない機構であり、ガラスが一定の大きさに破砕されたら速やかに破砕装置の外に取り出すことが可能な構造の装置であればよい。加えて、衝撃力の大きさを制御することが可能な構成であればより好ましい。 The selective crushing device for waste fluorescent lamps of the present invention is a crushing device mainly composed of impact force, which is a mechanism that does not apply force (compression force, friction force, tensile force, shear force) other than impact force as much as possible, and glass is constant. Any device having a structure that can be quickly taken out of the crushing device if it is crushed to a size of 5 mm. In addition, a configuration that can control the magnitude of the impact force is more preferable.
図２及び図３は、本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置の実施例１を説明する図であり、これらの図によって、本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置を以下に説明する。 FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining Example 1 of the waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing apparatus of the present invention. With reference to these drawings, the waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below. .
この廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置１は、廃蛍光ランプ２を破砕機３に供給するホッパ４と、ハンマクラッシャ型の破砕機３と、破砕機３を支持し且つ破砕されたガラス片５を受けるガラス受ハウジング６と、を備えている。 The selective crushing device 1 for waste fluorescent lamps receives a hopper 4 for supplying a waste fluorescent lamp 2 to a crusher 3, a hammer crusher type crusher 3, and a glass piece 5 that supports the crusher 3 and is crushed. A glass receiving housing 6.
破砕機３は、ガラス受ハウジング６上に図３に示すように、一端部（上流部、上端部）から他端部（下流部、下端部）に向けて下方に傾斜して設置されている。そして、破砕機３は、ガラス受ハウジング６上に支持された円筒状の破砕チャンバ７と、この破砕チャンバ７内で破砕チャンバ７の軸心を中心に回転する回転軸８と、回転軸８に固定され互いに回転軸８の軸心に対称的に配置された一対のハンマ９とを備えている。 The crusher 3 is installed on the glass receiving housing 6 so as to be inclined downward from one end portion (upstream portion, upper end portion) to the other end portion (downstream portion, lower end portion) as shown in FIG. . The crusher 3 includes a cylindrical crushing chamber 7 supported on the glass receiving housing 6, a rotating shaft 8 that rotates around the axis of the crushing chamber 7 in the crushing chamber 7, and a rotating shaft 8. A pair of hammers 9 which are fixed and symmetrically arranged on the axis of the rotary shaft 8 are provided.
傾斜した破砕チャンバ７の上流部には開口１０が形成され、この開口１０に面するようにホッパ４が取り付けられている。ホッパ４は、破砕されるべき廃蛍光ランプ２を破砕チャンバ７内に開口１０から供給する。 An opening 10 is formed in the upstream portion of the inclined crushing chamber 7, and the hopper 4 is attached so as to face the opening 10. The hopper 4 supplies the waste fluorescent lamp 2 to be crushed into the crushing chamber 7 from the opening 10.
ハンマ９は、破砕チャンバ７内に供給された廃蛍光ランプ２を叩いて破砕するものである。ハンマ９と破砕チャンバ７の内壁１１との隙間１２は、ハンマ９が破砕チャンバ７内で回転可能の範囲で極力小さくし、粉砕中のガラス片５がこの隙間１２内に入り込まないような構成とする。 The hammer 9 strikes the waste fluorescent lamp 2 supplied into the crushing chamber 7 and crushes it. The gap 12 between the hammer 9 and the inner wall 11 of the crushing chamber 7 is made as small as possible so that the hammer 9 can rotate in the crushing chamber 7, and the glass piece 5 being crushed does not enter the gap 12. To do.
要するに、ハンマ９と破砕チャンバ７との間には、ハンマ９が破砕チャンバ７内で回転可能とする隙間１２以外の隙間はない構成とする。これにより、ハンマ９は、廃蛍光ランプ２に対し、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力、剪断力などを作用せずに、ハンマ９の衝撃力のみを作用させて廃蛍光ランプ２の口金部１３を破砕せずガラス部分のみを選択的に破砕する。 In short, there is no gap between the hammer 9 and the crushing chamber 7 other than the gap 12 that allows the hammer 9 to rotate in the crushing chamber 7. As a result, the hammer 9 does not apply compressive force, frictional force, tensile force, shearing force, or the like to the waste fluorescent lamp 2, but only the impact force of the hammer 9 is applied to the base portion 13 of the waste fluorescent lamp 2. The glass part is selectively crushed without crushing.
ところで、ハンマ９による廃蛍光ランプ２の破砕において、破砕圧力を一定とすることが好ましい。破砕圧力を一定範囲内とする手段として、回転軸８の駆動モータを制御し、回転数を制御してハンマ９の回転数を制御し、ハンマ９と廃蛍光ランプ２との衝突速度を制御する構成とするとよい。 By the way, in crushing the waste fluorescent lamp 2 by the hammer 9, it is preferable to make the crushing pressure constant. As means for keeping the crushing pressure within a certain range, the drive motor of the rotary shaft 8 is controlled, the rotational speed is controlled to control the rotational speed of the hammer 9, and the collision speed between the hammer 9 and the waste fluorescent lamp 2 is controlled. It may be configured.
しかし、さらに厳密に、破砕圧力を一定とするためには、ハンマ９と被粉砕物（蛍光ランプ）との接触面積を一定にする必要がある。通常のハンマ９クラッシャ等ではハンマ９の打撃面は平面であり（これによって破砕圧力が一定となる場合にはそれでも良いが）、これでは、衝撃を受ける被粉砕物の形状によって接触面積が変わってしまう。 However, more strictly, in order to make the crushing pressure constant, it is necessary to make the contact area between the hammer 9 and the object to be crushed (fluorescent lamp) constant. In a normal hammer 9 crusher or the like, the striking surface of the hammer 9 is a flat surface (although this may be sufficient when the crushing pressure becomes constant), the contact area changes depending on the shape of the object to be impacted. End up.
そこで、本発明では、ハンマ９の打撃面に、図２に示すような１個の半球部１４を設けたので、廃蛍光ランプ２の形状を問わず、点で接触するため、ハンマ９と廃蛍光ランプ２の材料特性（ヤング率、ポアソン比）に依存した一定の接触面積を保つことが可能となる。ハンマ９の打撃面を、図示はしないが、多数の半球形からなる形状にしても、同様の効果が得られる。 Therefore, in the present invention, since one hemispherical portion 14 as shown in FIG. 2 is provided on the striking surface of the hammer 9, it contacts with the hammer 9 regardless of the shape of the waste fluorescent lamp 2. It is possible to maintain a certain contact area depending on the material characteristics (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio) of the fluorescent lamp 2. Although the striking surface of the hammer 9 is not shown in the figure, the same effect can be obtained even if the hammer 9 is formed in a hemispherical shape.
破砕チャンバ７は、その底部には、スクリーン１５が形成されており、破砕されたガラス片５のみガラス受ハウジング６内に向けて落下する構成となっている。また、破砕チャンバ７の下流部には、口金部１３を排出する排出口１６が形成されている。 The crushing chamber 7 has a screen 15 formed on the bottom thereof, and only the crushed glass piece 5 falls into the glass receiving housing 6. In addition, a discharge port 16 for discharging the base part 13 is formed in the downstream part of the crushing chamber 7.
廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置１では、廃蛍光ランプ２の最初の破砕後、口金部１３の破壊強度に概ね変化はないが、ガラス片５の破壊強度は著しく低下する。したがって、２打撃目以降ガラスは２０００ＭＰａ以下の弱い衝撃力で破壊される。 In the waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing apparatus 1, after the first crushing of the waste fluorescent lamp 2, there is almost no change in the breaking strength of the base 13, but the breaking strength of the glass piece 5 is significantly reduced. Therefore, after the second shot, the glass is broken with a weak impact force of 2000 MPa or less.
一方、破壊されたガラス片５は小さい片となり、元の蛍光ランプのガラス球に比べて重量が減じているため、ハンマ９から受ける衝撃力も低下するため、これにより過粉砕を防止することが可能である。 On the other hand, the broken glass piece 5 becomes a small piece, and its weight is reduced compared to the glass bulb of the original fluorescent lamp, so that the impact force received from the hammer 9 is also reduced, thereby preventing over-pulverization. It is.
（作用）
以上の構成から成る本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置１の作用及び選択破砕装置を利用した廃蛍光ランプ２の選択破砕方法を、以下に説明する。
(Function)
The operation of the selective crushing apparatus 1 for waste fluorescent lamps of the present invention having the above-described configuration and the selective crushing method for the waste fluorescent lamps 2 using the selective crushing apparatus will be described below.
廃蛍光ランプ２はホッパ４から破砕機３の破砕チャンバ７内に供給される。破砕チャンバ７内に供給された廃蛍光ランプ２は、傾斜した破砕チャンバ７と回転軸８との間のスペース１７を自重で下方に移動しながら、ハンマ９により破砕される。 The waste fluorescent lamp 2 is supplied from the hopper 4 into the crushing chamber 7 of the crusher 3. The waste fluorescent lamp 2 supplied into the crushing chamber 7 is crushed by the hammer 9 while moving downward in the space 17 between the inclined crushing chamber 7 and the rotating shaft 8 by its own weight.
破砕された廃蛍光ランプ２のガラス片５は、スクリーン１５を通過してガラス受ハウジング６内に落下し、収集される。廃蛍光ランプ２の破砕されない口金部１３は、破砕チャンバ７の下流部の排出口１５から装置外に排出される。 The crushed glass piece 5 of the waste fluorescent lamp 2 passes through the screen 15 and falls into the glass receiving housing 6 to be collected. The base portion 13 of the waste fluorescent lamp 2 that is not crushed is discharged from the discharge port 15 at the downstream portion of the crushing chamber 7 to the outside of the apparatus.
（選択粉砕条件）
以上、本発明の実施例１について構成、作用を説明したが、本発明の破砕機３では、ハンマ９を、その接触部の形状を半球部１４に形成し、ハンマの重量、回転数、回転半径を適宜設定することで、最適な選択破砕条件を得ることができる。なお、ハンマの重量、回転数、回転半径等を制御できる構成とすれば、破砕対象物の形状、寸法、量等に応じて、最適な選択破砕条件を適宜設定することが可能となる。以下に、選択粉砕条件の例を説明する。
(Selective grinding conditions)
As mentioned above, although the structure and the effect | action were demonstrated about Example 1 of this invention, in the crusher 3 of this invention, the shape of the contact part was formed in the hemispherical part 14, and the weight of the hammer, the rotation speed, and rotation were carried out. Optimal selective crushing conditions can be obtained by appropriately setting the radius. In addition, if it is set as the structure which can control the weight of a hammer, a rotation speed, a rotation radius, etc., it will become possible to set optimal selection crushing conditions suitably according to the shape of a crushing object, a dimension, quantity, etc. Below, the example of selective grinding | pulverization conditions is demonstrated.
図４は、選択粉砕条件についての計算上の例を示す。ハンマ９の回転数（回転軸８の回転数）１００ｒｐｍ、ハンマ９接触部の半球部の直径１００ｍｍで、回転半径０．８〜１．０ｍ（図２のＡ〜Ｂ）とすれば、重量４０ｇ〜２００ｇの廃蛍光ランプ２の最初の衝撃力が２０００〜３０００ＭＰａとなり、ガラスだけを選択的に破壊することが可能である。 FIG. 4 shows a computational example for selective grinding conditions. If the rotation speed of the hammer 9 (the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 8) is 100 rpm, the diameter of the hemispherical portion of the contact portion of the hammer 9 is 100 mm, and the rotation radius is 0.8 to 1.0 m (A to B in FIG. 2), the weight is 40 g. The initial impact force of ˜200 g of the waste fluorescent lamp 2 becomes 2000 to 3000 MPa, and it is possible to selectively break only the glass.
（実験例）
本発明に関連して、いくつかの実験を行ったので、この実験例を以下に説明する。
(Experimental example)
Several experiments were conducted in connection with the present invention, and this experimental example will be described below.
ガラス部の強度が高く口金部１３の強度が弱いタイプのコンパクト形と、ガラス部の強度の弱く口金部１３の強度が高いタイプのグローブレスの電球形の蛍光ランプに対し、ガラス部および口金部１３の破壊強度を調べた。 The glass part and the base part are compared with the compact type in which the strength of the glass part is high and the strength of the base part 13 is weak and the globeless bulb-type fluorescent lamp in which the strength of the base part 13 is low and the strength of the glass part is low. The breaking strength of 13 was examined.
まず、コンパクト形に対する「圧縮試験」の結果では一例を上げれば、破壊強度は８５ＭＰａに対し口金部１３の破壊強度は４５ＭＰａであり、ガラス部より先に口金部１３が破壊される場合がしばしば起こる。したがってこの作用力により破砕してもガラス部のみを破砕することはできない。 First, if an example is given as a result of the “compression test” for the compact type, the fracture strength is 85 MPa while the fracture strength of the base portion 13 is 45 MPa, and the base portion 13 is often destroyed before the glass portion. . Therefore, only the glass part cannot be crushed even if crushed by this action force.
一方、図１に示すように、蛍光ランプのガラス球体の落下による「衝撃試験」では、２０００ＭＰａ以上でコンパクト形及び電球形ともガラス部の破壊が可能であるが、３０００ＭＰａ以下では口金部１３の破壊は起きない。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, in the “impact test” by dropping the glass sphere of the fluorescent lamp, the glass part can be broken at 2000 MPa or more in both compact and bulb shapes, but at 3000 MPa or less, the base part 13 is broken. Will not happen.
すなわち、ハンマ９などの衝撃力を主体とした破砕機３において、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力、剪断力など他の破砕力が作用しないようハンマ９と破砕室内壁との隙間１２をなくし、かつ回転半径や回転数を制御して、およそ２０００ＭＰａ〜３０００ＭＰａ、特に２０００ＭＰａ〜２５００ＭＰａの破砕圧力で破砕すれば、多くの電球形、コンパクト形蛍光ランプに対して、ガラス部のみが選択的に破砕される。 That is, in the crusher 3 mainly composed of impact force such as the hammer 9, the gap 12 between the hammer 9 and the crushing chamber wall is eliminated so that other crushing force such as compression force, frictional force, tensile force and shearing force does not act. In addition, if the crushing pressure is controlled at a crushing pressure of about 2000 MPa to 3000 MPa, particularly 2000 MPa to 2500 MPa, only the glass part is selectively crushed for many bulb-type and compact fluorescent lamps. The
この際、一定以下の粒径になったならば、直ちに破砕機３外に排出されるように破砕機３に図２、３に示すように、スクリーン１５等の機構を備えれば、ガラス片５と口金部１３の分離が完了する。また、この方法によれば、ガラス部の過破砕を避けることができられため、ガラスの再資源化時に有効である。スクリーン１５の径は、コンパクト形および電球形の口金部１３のサイズ以下、通常１０ｍｍから３０ｍｍ程度であればよい。 At this time, if the particle size becomes smaller than a certain value, if the crusher 3 is provided with a mechanism such as a screen 15 as shown in FIGS. 5 and the base 13 are separated. In addition, according to this method, it is possible to avoid over-breaking of the glass portion, which is effective at the time of recycling glass. The diameter of the screen 15 may be equal to or smaller than the size of the compact-type and bulb-type base 13, usually about 10 mm to 30 mm.
図５は、本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置及び選択破砕方法の実施例２を説明する図であり、この図によって、実施例２の廃蛍光ランプ及び装置を以下に説明する。この実施例２は、実施例１とほぼ同じであるが、相違する構成を中心に説明する。 FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the selective crushing apparatus and selective crushing method for waste fluorescent lamps of the present invention, and the waste fluorescent lamp and apparatus of the second embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, but the description will focus on a different configuration.
この実施例２の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置２１のハンマ９は、実施例１と同様に、廃蛍光ランプに衝突する半球部１４を備えている。ハンマ９は回転軸８の外周面近くに支点２２を中心にして枢着されており、図５に示すように、支点２２を中心にして点線の位置と実線の位置に揺動可能である。 The hammer 9 of the waste crusher selective crushing device 21 of the second embodiment includes a hemispherical portion 14 that collides with the waste fluorescent lamp, as in the first embodiment. The hammer 9 is pivotally mounted near the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 8 with a fulcrum 22 as the center, and can swing between a dotted line and a solid line around the fulcrum 22 as shown in FIG.
ハンマ９ の背面（回転方向と反対側の面）には、湾曲棒２３の基端が取り付けられている。回転軸８には、湾曲棒２３がその先端から挿入し湾曲棒２３をガイドすることが可能な湾曲ガイド孔２４が形成されている。湾曲棒２３の先端には、引っ張りコイルバネ２５の基端が装着されており、引っ張りコイルバネ２５は、その先端から湾曲ガイド孔２４に装入されている。 The base end of the bending rod 23 is attached to the back surface (surface opposite to the rotation direction) of the hammer 9. The rotary shaft 8 is formed with a curved guide hole 24 into which the curved rod 23 can be inserted from the tip thereof to guide the curved rod 23. A proximal end of a tension coil spring 25 is attached to the distal end of the bending rod 23, and the tension coil spring 25 is inserted into the bending guide hole 24 from the distal end.
回転していない状態では、図５に示す右側のハンマ９のように背面側（回転方向と反対側）から引っ張りコイルバネ２５による付勢力が作用し、ハンマの支点２２を中心に半回転方向に倒れた状態にある。また、回転した状態ではハンマ９に遠心力が作用し、図５に示す右側のハンマ９は点線の位置、すなわち左側のハンマ９の位置まで起きあがり、この姿勢で実施例１と同様に、廃蛍光ランプの破砕を行うことができる。 When not rotating, the urging force of the tension coil spring 25 acts from the back side (opposite to the rotation direction) like the right hammer 9 shown in FIG. It is in the state. Further, in the rotated state, centrifugal force acts on the hammer 9, and the right hammer 9 shown in FIG. 5 rises to the position of the dotted line, that is, the position of the left hammer 9, and in this posture, as in the first embodiment, the waste fluorescence The lamp can be crushed.
ところで、特異的に質量の大きな被粉砕物が投入されたり、多数の蛍光ランプが折り重なって全く同時にハンマ９に衝突すると、被粉砕物の重量が過大となり、回転半径や回転数の制御によりハンマ９と被粉砕物との衝突速度を制御したとしても、被粉砕物に対するハンマ９の衝撃荷重が大きくなって、破砕圧力が一定範囲を超える可能性が生じる。 By the way, if an object to be pulverized having a large mass is thrown in or a large number of fluorescent lamps are folded and collide with the hammer 9 at the same time, the weight of the object to be crushed becomes excessive, and the hammer 9 is controlled by controlling the rotation radius and the number of rotations. Even if the collision speed between the pulverized object and the object to be pulverized is controlled, the impact load of the hammer 9 on the object to be pulverized increases, and the crushing pressure may exceed a certain range.
このような場合、実施例２の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置のハンマ９は、一定以上の荷重がかかると、図５の右側のハンマ９のように、圧縮コイルバネ２５の付勢力の助けにより（付勢力が助勢することにより）、支点を中心にハンマ９の反回転方向に揺動する（力を逃がす）ことができる。 In such a case, the hammer 9 of the selective crushing apparatus for waste fluorescent lamps according to the second embodiment, when a load of a certain level or more is applied, is assisted by the biasing force of the compression coil spring 25 like the hammer 9 on the right side of FIG. As a result of the urging force assisting, the hammer 9 can swing in the counter-rotating direction around the fulcrum (the force can be released).
これにより、特異的（あるいは一時的）に大きな重量をもつ被粉砕物に対し、被粉砕物に過剰な荷重をかけることがなくなり、厳密に破壊圧力を一定範囲とする制御が可能となる。 Thus, an excessive load is not applied to the object to be pulverized with respect to the object to be pulverized having a specific (or temporary) large weight, and it is possible to strictly control the breaking pressure within a certain range.
なお、実施例２では、ハンマ９の付勢手段として圧縮コイルバネ２５を利用したが、油圧機器、空気圧機器等の付勢手段を利用してもよい。 In the second embodiment, the compression coil spring 25 is used as the biasing means for the hammer 9, but biasing means such as a hydraulic device or a pneumatic device may be used.
図６は、本発明の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置の実施例３を説明する図であり、この図によって、実施例３の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置を以下に説明する。この実施例３は、実施例１とほぼ同じであるが、相違する構成を中心に説明する。 FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. With reference to this figure, a waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing method and apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described below. The third embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, but a description will be given focusing on a different configuration.
実施例３の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置３１では、破砕チャンバ３２の外形は、下流側に向けて大径となる円錐台（円錐形底面と平行な面で切断した形状）の形状である。そして、この破砕チャンバ３２と同軸で回転する全体の外形が円錐台状の回転筒３３が形成されている。 In the selective crushing device 31 for waste fluorescent lamps of Example 3, the outer shape of the crushing chamber 32 is the shape of a truncated cone (a shape cut by a plane parallel to the conical bottom) toward the downstream side. A rotating cylinder 33 having a circular truncated conical shape that rotates coaxially with the crushing chamber 32 is formed.
この回転筒３３は、破砕チャンバ３２の上流から下流に向けて、前段筒３４、中段筒３５、後段筒３６から成り、互いに、独立して回転するように構成されている。そして、前段筒３４、中段筒３５、後段筒３６には、それぞれ実施例１と同様のハンマ９が取り付けられている。 The rotary cylinder 33 includes a front cylinder 34, a middle cylinder 35, and a rear cylinder 36 from the upstream side to the downstream side of the crushing chamber 32, and is configured to rotate independently of each other. The same hammer 9 as that of the first embodiment is attached to the front cylinder 34, the middle cylinder 35, and the rear cylinder 36, respectively.
回転軸３９の内部には同じ回転軸中心をなす回転軸３８が、また回転軸３８の内部には回転軸３９、３８と同じ回転軸中心をなす回転軸３７が設けられている同芯多軸機構４３をなし、回転軸３９は前段筒３４に、回転軸３８は中断筒３５に、回転軸３７は後段筒３６にそれぞれ接続されている。また、この回転軸３７、３８、３９はそれぞれ独立した駆動用モータ４０、４１、４２に接続されている。 A rotation shaft 38 having the same rotation axis center is provided inside the rotation shaft 39, and a rotation shaft 37 having the same rotation axis center as that of the rotation shafts 39, 38 is provided inside the rotation shaft 38. The rotating shaft 39 is connected to the front tube 34, the rotating shaft 38 is connected to the interrupting tube 35, and the rotating shaft 37 is connected to the rear tube 36. The rotary shafts 37, 38, 39 are connected to independent drive motors 40, 41, 42, respectively.
即ち、駆動用モータ４０、４１、４２によって、前段筒３４、中段筒３５、後段筒３６は回転軸３７、３８、３９を介して、それぞれ独立した回転数を実現できるよう構成されている。 In other words, the front cylinder 34, the middle cylinder 35, and the rear cylinder 36 are configured to be able to realize independent rotation speeds via the rotation shafts 37, 38, 39 by the drive motors 40, 41, 42.
実施例３の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置３１は、このような構成であるから、例えば、
[前段筒３４の回転速度]＜[中段筒３５の回転速度]＜[後段筒３６の回転速度]で、それぞれ回転させることが可能である。ホッパ４から破砕チャンバ３２内に供給された廃蛍光ランプは、前段筒３４のハンマから後段筒３６のハンマに向けて、ハンマの回転半径が増大するとともにハンマの回転速度も増大するので、ハンマと被粉砕物との衝突速度が増大して、破壊力を増すことができる。
Since the selective crushing device 31 of the waste fluorescent lamp of Example 3 has such a configuration, for example,
[Rotation speed of the front cylinder 34] <[Rotation speed of the middle cylinder 35] <[Rotation speed of the rear cylinder 36]. The waste fluorescent lamp supplied from the hopper 4 into the crushing chamber 32 increases the rotation radius of the hammer and the rotation speed of the hammer from the hammer of the front cylinder 34 toward the hammer of the rear cylinder 36. The collision speed with the object to be crushed can be increased, and the breaking force can be increased.
実施例１の項で説明したとおり、廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置３１では、廃蛍光ランプ２の最初の破砕後、口金部１３の破壊強度に概ね変化はないが、ガラス片５の破壊強度は著しく低下する。一方、破壊されたガラス片５は小さい片となり、元の廃蛍光ランプ２のガラス球に比べて重量が減じているため、ハンマ９から受ける衝撃力も低下する。 As explained in the section of Example 1, in the selective crushing device 31 for waste fluorescent lamps, there is almost no change in the breaking strength of the base part 13 after the first crushing of the waste fluorescent lamp 2, but the breaking strength of the glass piece 5 is It drops significantly. On the other hand, the broken glass piece 5 becomes a small piece, and its weight is reduced as compared with the glass bulb of the original waste fluorescent lamp 2, so that the impact force received from the hammer 9 is also reduced.
もし、破壊されたガラス片５の破壊強度の低下に比べ、重量低減によるハンマ９からの衝撃力の低下の方が勝ると、２打撃目以降ガラスが全く破壊されなくなる場合が生じる。このような場合を想定すると、実施例３の廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置３１は、前段筒３４に比べ後段筒３６の回転半径ならびに回転速度が大きくなるので、前段筒３４のハンマ９に較べて後段筒３６のハンマ９の回転速度は大きく、被粉砕物との衝突速度が増大して、破壊力を増すことができるので、有用である。 If the impact strength from the hammer 9 due to weight reduction is greater than the reduction in the breaking strength of the broken glass piece 5, the glass may not be broken at all after the second shot. Assuming such a case, the selective crushing device 31 for waste fluorescent lamps of the third embodiment has a larger radius of rotation and a higher rotation speed of the rear-stage cylinder 36 than the front-stage cylinder 34, and therefore, compared with the hammer 9 of the front-stage cylinder 34. This is useful because the rotation speed of the hammer 9 of the rear cylinder 36 is high, the collision speed with the object to be crushed can be increased, and the breaking force can be increased.
なお、実施例３では、破砕チャンバ３２の直径を後段に向けて大きくし、前段筒３４から後段筒３６に向けて大径としたが、破砕チャンバ３２の直径を変化させることなく、また前段筒３４、中段筒３５及び後段筒３６を同径とし、同芯多軸機構４３のみで、速度を変化させる構成としてもよいし、同芯多軸機構４３をしようせず、前段筒３４から後段筒３６に向けて大径とする構成でも良い。 In the third embodiment, the diameter of the crushing chamber 32 is increased toward the rear stage and is increased from the front cylinder 34 toward the rear cylinder 36. However, the diameter of the crushing chamber 32 is not changed and the front cylinder is changed. 34, the middle cylinder 35 and the rear cylinder 36 may have the same diameter, and the speed may be changed only by the concentric multi-axis mechanism 43. Alternatively, the concentric multi-axis mechanism 43 is not used and the front cylinder 34 can be changed to the rear cylinder. A configuration in which the diameter increases toward 36 may be used.
さらに、もし、ガラス片５の重量低減によるハンマ９からの衝撃力の低下に比べ、破壊されたガラス片５の破壊強度の低下の方が勝ると、２打撃目以降ガラスが瞬時に微粉化してしまい過粉砕を招く場合が生じる。 Furthermore, if the lowering of the breaking strength of the broken glass piece 5 is superior to the lowering of the impact force from the hammer 9 due to the weight reduction of the glass piece 5, the glass is instantly pulverized after the second shot. In other words, overgrinding may occur.
このような場合を想定すると、破砕チャンバ３２の直径を後段に向けて小さくして前段筒３４から後段筒３６に向けて小径とするか、同芯多軸機構４３を利用するかの片方あるいは両方の利用により、前段筒３４のハンマ９に較べて後段筒３６のハンマ９の回転速度を減じて、前段筒３４から後段筒３６に向けて被粉砕物との衝突速度の減少で破壊力を減ずることができるので、有用である。 Assuming such a case, the diameter of the crushing chamber 32 is reduced toward the rear stage so that the diameter decreases from the front cylinder 34 toward the rear cylinder 36, or one or both of the concentric multi-axis mechanism 43 is used. As a result, the rotational speed of the hammer 9 of the rear-stage cylinder 36 is reduced compared to the hammer 9 of the front-stage cylinder 34, and the breaking force is reduced by decreasing the collision speed with the object to be crushed from the front-stage cylinder 34 toward the rear-stage cylinder 36. It is useful because it can.
以上、本発明に係る廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法及び装置を実施するための最良の形態を実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明はこのような実施例に限定されることなく、特許請求の範囲記載の技術的事項の範囲内で、いろいろな実施例があることは言うまでもない。 As mentioned above, although the best form for implementing the selective crushing method and apparatus of the waste fluorescent lamp which concerns on this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to such an Example, and is claimed. It goes without saying that there are various embodiments within the scope of the technical matters described in the scope.
本発明は、以上のような構成であるから、廃蛍光管のリサイクル分野に最適である。 Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is most suitable for the field of recycling waste fluorescent tubes.
１ 廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置（実施例１）
２ 廃蛍光ランプ
３ 破砕機
４ ホッパ
５ ガラス片
６ ガラス受ハウジング
７ 破砕チャンバ
８ 回転軸
９ ハンマ
１０ 開口
１１ 破砕チャンバの内壁
１２ ハンマと破砕チャンバの内壁との隙間
１３ 口金部
１４ ハンマの半球部
１５ スクリーン
１６ 排出口
１７ スペース
２１ 廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置（実施例２）
２２ 支点
２３ 湾曲棒
２４ 湾曲ガイド孔
２５ 引っ張りコイルバネ
３１ 廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置（実施例３）
３２ 破砕チャンバ
３３ 回転筒
３４ 前段筒
３５ 中段筒
３６ 後段筒
３７、３８、３９ 回転軸
４０、４１、４２ 駆動用モータ
４３ 同芯多軸機構
1 Selective crushing device for waste fluorescent lamps (Example 1)
2 Waste fluorescent lamp
3 Crusher
4 Hoppers
5 Glass pieces
6 Glass receiving housing
7 Crushing chamber
8 Rotating shaft
9 Hammer
10 opening
11 Inner wall of crushing chamber
12 Clearance between the hammer and the inner wall of the crushing chamber
13 Base part
14 Hammer hemisphere
15 screens
16 Discharge port
17 space
21 Selective crusher for waste fluorescent lamp (Example 2)
22 fulcrum
23 Curved bar
24 Curved guide hole
25 Tensile coil spring
31 Selective crusher for waste fluorescent lamp (Example 3)
32 Crushing chamber
33 Rotating cylinder
34 Front tube
35 Middle tube
36 Back tube
37, 38, 39 Rotation axis
40, 41, 42 Driving motor 43 Concentric multi-axis mechanism
Claims (2)
前記破砕機は、ガラス受ハウジング上に支持された円筒状の破砕チャンバと、該破砕チャンバ内で破砕チャンバの軸心を中心に回転する回転軸と、該回転軸に取り付けられたハンマとを備えており、
前記ハンマと破砕チャンバとの間には、ハンマが破砕チャンバ内で回転可能である以外の隙間はない構成とし、
前記ハンマは回転軸に枢着され、バネ、油圧又は圧縮空気により、枢着支点を中心に回転軸の反回転方向に付勢力が作用されており、破砕中、破砕すべき廃蛍光ランプに過剰な荷重がかかった際、前記付勢力の助けによりハンマを枢着する支点を中心にハンマの反回転方向に揺動可能とし、
前記破砕チャンバの一端から前記破砕チャンバと回転軸の間のスペースに供給された廃蛍光ランプを、前記ハンマによって、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力及び剪断力を作用させずに、ハンマの衝撃力のみによって、口金部を破砕することなく、ガラス部分のみを選択的に破砕する構成としたことを特徴とする廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕装置。 A selective crushing device for a waste fluorescent lamp comprising a crusher and a glass receiving housing that supports the crusher and receives a glass piece crushed by the crusher,
The crusher includes a cylindrical crushing chamber supported on a glass receiving housing, a rotating shaft that rotates around the axis of the crushing chamber in the crushing chamber, and a hammer attached to the rotating shaft. And
There is no gap between the hammer and the crushing chamber except that the hammer can rotate in the crushing chamber ,
The hammer is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft, and an urging force is applied to the rotating shaft in the counter-rotating direction around the pivoting fulcrum by a spring, hydraulic pressure or compressed air. when a load is applied such, and can swing in the counter-rotational direction of the hammer about the fulcrum for pivotally the hammer with the aid of the biasing force,
The waste fluorescent lamp supplied from one end of the crushing chamber to the space between the crushing chamber and the rotating shaft is not affected by the hammer by compressing force, friction force, tensile force and shearing force. A waste fluorescent lamp selective crushing apparatus characterized in that only the glass part is selectively crushed without crushing the base part only .
前記破砕機は、円筒状の破砕チャンバと、該破砕チャンバ内で破砕チャンバの軸心を中心に回転する回転軸と、該回転軸に取り付けられたハンマとを備え、前記ハンマと破砕チャンバとの間には、ハンマが破砕チャンバ内で回転可能である以外の隙間はない構成とし、
前記ハンマを回転軸に枢着し、バネ、油圧又は圧縮空気により、枢着支点を中心に回転軸の反回転方向に付勢力を作用し、破砕中、破砕すべき廃蛍光ランプに過剰な荷重がかかった際、前記付勢力の助けによりハンマを枢着する支点を中心にハンマの反回転方向に揺動可能とし、
前記破砕チャンバの一端から前記破砕チャンバと回転軸の間のスペースに供給された廃蛍光ランプを、前記ハンマによって、圧縮力、摩擦力、引張力及び剪断力を作用させずに、ハンマの衝撃力のみによって、口金部を破砕することなく、ガラス部分のみを選択的に破砕することを特徴とする廃蛍光ランプの選択破砕方法。 A selective crushing method of a waste fluorescent lamp using a crusher and a selective crushing device of a waste fluorescent lamp comprising a glass receiving housing that supports the crusher and receives a glass piece crushed by the crusher ,
The crusher includes a cylindrical crushing chamber, a rotating shaft that rotates around the axis of the crushing chamber in the crushing chamber, and a hammer attached to the rotating shaft. There is no gap between the hammers other than being rotatable in the crushing chamber ,
The hammer is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft, and an urging force is applied in the counter-rotating direction around the pivoting fulcrum by a spring, hydraulic pressure or compressed air, and excessive load is applied to the waste fluorescent lamp to be crushed during crushing. when it took, and can swing in the counter-rotational direction of the hammer about the fulcrum for pivotally the hammer with the aid of the biasing force,
The waste fluorescent lamp supplied from one end of the crushing chamber to the space between the crushing chamber and the rotating shaft is not affected by the hammer by compressing force, friction force, tensile force and shearing force. A method for selectively crushing a waste fluorescent lamp, wherein only the glass portion is selectively crushed without crushing the base portion .
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007243562A JP5057452B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp |
| PCT/JP2008/066961 WO2009038163A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2008-09-19 | Method and device for selectively crushing waste fluorescent lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007243562A JP5057452B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009072686A JP2009072686A (en) | 2009-04-09 |
| JP5057452B2 true JP5057452B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
Family
ID=40467972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007243562A Expired - Fee Related JP5057452B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5057452B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009038163A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5057452B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2012-10-24 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp |
| US9193728B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2015-11-24 | Medivation Technologies, Inc. | Fused tetracyclic pyrido [4,3-B] indole and pyrido [3,4-B] indole derivatives and methods of use |
| WO2011103485A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | Medivation Technologies, Inc. | Fused tetracyclic pyrido[4,3-b]indole and pyrido[3,4-b]indole derivatives and methods of use |
| WO2011103433A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | Medivation Technologies, Inc. | Pyrido[4,3-b]indole and pyrido[3,4-b]indole derivatives and methods of use |
| WO2012112965A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | Medivation Technologies, Inc. | Compounds and methods of treating diabetes |
| DE102011050789A1 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-06 | RoTAC GmbH | Device for the mechanical separation of material conglomerates from materials of different density and / or consistency |
| CN102357389A (en) * | 2011-10-30 | 2012-02-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Fertilizer crusher |
| CN102764728A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-11-07 | 上海大学 | Lamp head and lamp tube separation device of waste energy-saving lamp |
| KR20170047477A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-08 | 코닝정밀소재 주식회사 | Glass crusher |
| CN106824998A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-06-13 | 沈炳国 | The sorting equipment and its classification method of disposal of a kind of categorized consumer waste disposal |
| CN106861878A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-20 | 王爽 | A kind of cathode of lithium battery graphite material automatic splinter screening device for screening |
| CN107413443B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2023-03-14 | 江苏天元中科生物技术有限公司 | Grinding device for purifying grains |
| CN109999958B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2024-05-03 | 韶关铸锻机械设备有限公司 | Electromagnetic direct-drive impact crusher |
| KR102033419B1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-17 | 조시환 | Cutter comprising high strength alloy compositions for grinder cutters and grinder cutter assemblies produced thereof |
| CN110420713A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-08 | 蚌埠亘乐家庭用品有限公司 | A kind of glass production raw material crusher |
| CN113522495A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 南通大学 | Fluorescent lamp wet crushing and separating device |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5742517Y2 (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1982-09-18 | ||
| JPS592839Y2 (en) * | 1981-09-26 | 1984-01-26 | 株式会社 前川工業所 | Hammer crusher for mineral samples |
| JPH1099712A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-21 | Dextright Inc | Waste fluorescent tube crusher |
| JP2001340776A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-11 | Nobori Kensetsu Kk | Waste treating device |
| JP2002018308A (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-22 | Fukushima Tekko Kk | Rotary crusher |
| JP2003080104A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-18 | Hiroshi Kuwamoto | Glass bottle crusher |
| JP4311273B2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2009-08-12 | 株式会社浜田 | Waste fluorescent tube crusher |
| JP4944485B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2012-05-30 | 株式会社キンキ | Crushing machine |
| JP5055477B2 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2012-10-24 | 株式会社セフティランド | Waste fluorescent tube crusher |
| JP5023260B2 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2012-09-12 | 株式会社セフティランド | Waste fluorescent tube glass waste sorting machine |
| JP5057452B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2012-10-24 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp |
-
2007
- 2007-09-20 JP JP2007243562A patent/JP5057452B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-19 WO PCT/JP2008/066961 patent/WO2009038163A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009038163A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
| JP2009072686A (en) | 2009-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5057452B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for selective crushing of waste fluorescent lamp | |
| US7631826B2 (en) | Crushing apparatus | |
| PL192546B1 (en) | Comminution of material into minute particles | |
| US20080185466A1 (en) | Solids reduction processor | |
| MXPA01002317A (en) | Pulveriser and method of pulverising. | |
| CN207769900U (en) | A kind of hammer mill | |
| JP2011156446A (en) | Gypsum board breaker | |
| CN204768917U (en) | Disintegrator | |
| JP2011098254A (en) | Vertical impact crusher | |
| KR20090033546A (en) | Grinding device for wasted glasses of vehicle | |
| CN204974086U (en) | Multifunctional pulverizer | |
| CN115739627A (en) | Slag micro powder screening device and screening process thereof | |
| CN113385407B (en) | Solid waste incineration ash resource recycling device | |
| CN207756216U (en) | It is a kind of to re-pack for the novel of plate-making type slag breaker | |
| CN110075960A (en) | A kind of bullet handle grinding device | |
| CN105689068A (en) | Charging barrel of horizontal ore grinding machine and horizontal ore grinding machine | |
| CN105251569B (en) | Forage cutting mechanism | |
| AU2016218929B2 (en) | Comminution apparatus | |
| WO2007146534A2 (en) | Solids reduction processor | |
| JP2001232224A (en) | Method for reusing glass waste as resource | |
| CN205501338U (en) | Wind gap bush | |
| CN107362865A (en) | One kind drying crushing and screening all-in-one | |
| JP2005296856A (en) | Crushing apparatus | |
| CN107138230A (en) | A kind of disintegrating machine for nodulizer | |
| CN213825100U (en) | A hierarchical reducing mechanism for limestone production |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090715 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120327 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120517 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120612 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120626 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120724 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120726 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150810 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5057452 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |