JP5050010B2 - Geothermal steam turbine plant and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Geothermal steam turbine plant and operation method thereof Download PDF

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JP5050010B2
JP5050010B2 JP2009160701A JP2009160701A JP5050010B2 JP 5050010 B2 JP5050010 B2 JP 5050010B2 JP 2009160701 A JP2009160701 A JP 2009160701A JP 2009160701 A JP2009160701 A JP 2009160701A JP 5050010 B2 JP5050010 B2 JP 5050010B2
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condenser
cooling water
valve opening
valve
steam turbine
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JP2009222066A (en
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泉 松尾
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Toshiba Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

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Description

本発明は、地熱蒸気タービンの出力を高めることができるようにした地熱蒸気タービンプラント及びその運転方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a geothermal steam turbine plant capable of increasing the output of a geothermal steam turbine and an operation method thereof.

従来の地熱蒸気タービンプラントを図５に例示して説明する。図示しない地熱蒸気井戸からの地熱蒸気は、地熱蒸気入口弁１０３から地熱蒸気タービン１０１に流入し、当該地熱蒸気タービン１０１で膨張して回転軸を回転させることにより、この回転軸に連結された発電機１０２を駆動する。   A conventional geothermal steam turbine plant will be described with reference to FIG. Geothermal steam from a geothermal steam well (not shown) flows into the geothermal steam turbine 101 from the geothermal steam inlet valve 103, expands in the geothermal steam turbine 101 and rotates the rotating shaft, thereby generating power connected to the rotating shaft. The machine 102 is driven.

そして、地熱蒸気タービン１０１で仕事をした排気蒸気は復水器１０４に流入し、該復水器１０４内で雨状の冷却水と直接熱接触して冷却されて復水する。   Then, the exhaust steam that has worked in the geothermal steam turbine 101 flows into the condenser 104 and is cooled by direct thermal contact with the rain-like cooling water in the condenser 104.

復水器１０４に貯まった復水した水や冷却水は、循環水ポンプ１０５により圧送され復水器水位調整弁１０６で流量調整されてクーリングタワー１０７に運ばれる。   Condensed water or cooling water stored in the condenser 104 is pumped by the circulating water pump 105, the flow rate of which is adjusted by the condenser water level adjustment valve 106, and conveyed to the cooling tower 107.

この復水器水位調整弁１０６の弁開度は、水位調整弁制御装置１０９により復水器１０４の水位を検出して、その検出結果に基づき制御される。   The valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjusting valve 106 is controlled based on the detection result obtained by detecting the water level of the condenser 104 by the water level adjusting valve control device 109.

クーリングタワー１０７に運ばれた水は、ここで外気と熱交換して冷却され、冷却水量調整弁１０８で流量調整されて復水器１０４に冷却水として供給される。なお、冷却水量調整弁１０８は手動弁で、通常は例えば弁開度が７０％に固定されている。   The water carried to the cooling tower 107 is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air here, the flow rate is adjusted by the cooling water amount adjusting valve 108 and supplied to the condenser 104 as cooling water. The cooling water amount adjusting valve 108 is a manual valve, and normally, for example, the valve opening degree is fixed at 70%.

このような冷却水量調整弁１０８を介してクーリングタワー１０７から復水器１０４に流れる冷却水は、このクーリングタワー１０７と復水器１０４のヘッド差とをドライビングフォースとして流れる。   The cooling water flowing from the cooling tower 107 to the condenser 104 via the cooling water amount adjusting valve 108 flows using the head difference between the cooling tower 107 and the condenser 104 as a driving force.

そして、復水器１０４に供給される冷却水量を多くすると、排気蒸気の復水量が増えるため、その分復水器内の真空度絶対圧が高真空となって、地熱蒸気タービン１０１での膨張仕事量が増大して当該地熱蒸気タービン１０１の出力が増大する。   When the amount of cooling water supplied to the condenser 104 is increased, the amount of exhaust steam condensate increases, so that the absolute pressure of the vacuum in the condenser becomes high and the expansion in the geothermal steam turbine 101 increases. The amount of work increases and the output of the geothermal steam turbine 101 increases.

このような構成で、起動操作時と負荷運転中における、冷却水量調整弁１０８と復水器水位調整弁１０６の動きの動作図を図６を参照して説明する。   The operation diagram of the cooling water amount adjustment valve 108 and the condenser water level adjustment valve 106 during the start-up operation and during the load operation with such a configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

地熱蒸気タービンプラントを起動する際には、まず循環水ポンプ１０５を起動して冷却水をクーリングタワー１０７と復水器１０４との間を循環させ、復水器１０４の真空度を到達最高真空度にして、その真空状態を保持する。   When starting the geothermal steam turbine plant, first, the circulating water pump 105 is started to circulate the cooling water between the cooling tower 107 and the condenser 104, and the vacuum degree of the condenser 104 is set to the highest possible vacuum degree. The vacuum state is maintained.

この到達最高真空度の状態では、復水器１０４に引込まれる冷却水の流量は最大となり、復水器水位調整弁１０６の弁開度も最大となって、例えば水位調整可能範囲の最大値である９０％となる。   In this ultimate vacuum level, the flow rate of the cooling water drawn into the condenser 104 is maximized, and the valve opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 106 is also maximized. For example, the maximum value of the water level adjustable range That is 90%.

この到達最高真空状態に保持される頃には、冷却水量は、クーリングタワー１０７と復水器１０４とのヘッド差に加えて、復水器１０４内が大気圧より低いため冷却水流量は最大量に増加しており、この状態に達すると地熱蒸気タービン１０１が起動され、負荷が併入される。   When the maximum vacuum is maintained, the amount of cooling water is not limited to the head difference between the cooling tower 107 and the condenser 104, and the cooling water flow rate reaches the maximum amount because the inside of the condenser 104 is lower than the atmospheric pressure. When this state is reached, the geothermal steam turbine 101 is started and a load is introduced.

地熱蒸気タービン１０１が起動されると復水器１０４に排気蒸気が流入するので、その分復水器の真空度が下がると共に、排気蒸気が復水するため、水位調整弁制御装置１０９が復水器１０４の水位を一定にすべく復水器水位調整弁１０６の弁開度を制御した結果冷却水量が少なくなる。   When the geothermal steam turbine 101 is started, the exhaust steam flows into the condenser 104. Accordingly, the degree of vacuum of the condenser is reduced, and the exhaust steam is condensed. As a result of controlling the valve opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 106 to keep the water level of the condenser 104 constant, the amount of cooling water is reduced.

そして、運転負荷に到達する頃には、地熱蒸気タービン１０１から多量の排気蒸気が復水器１０４へ流入するため、復水器１０４の真空度はさらに下がって、一定の真空度を示すようになり、復水器水位調整弁１０６の弁開度は例えば６０％に制御される。   When the operating load is reached, a large amount of exhaust steam flows from the geothermal steam turbine 101 into the condenser 104, so that the vacuum degree of the condenser 104 is further lowered to show a certain degree of vacuum. Thus, the valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 106 is controlled to 60%, for example.

しかしながら、上記構成の地熱蒸気タービンプラントにおいては、後述する理由により地熱蒸気タービン１０１の出力を増加させることが困難である問題があった。   However, the geothermal steam turbine plant configured as described above has a problem that it is difficult to increase the output of the geothermal steam turbine 101 for the reasons described later.

即ち、地熱蒸気タービン１０１の出力を増大させるためには、冷却水量調整弁１０８の弁開度を例えば７０％から９０％にして冷却水量を増やし、これにより復水器１０４の真空度をより高真空にして地熱蒸気タービン１０１への蒸気供給量を増大させて当該地熱蒸気タービン１０１の出力を増加させることが可能である。   That is, in order to increase the output of the geothermal steam turbine 101, the opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 108 is increased from 70% to 90%, for example, to increase the cooling water amount, thereby increasing the vacuum degree of the condenser 104. It is possible to increase the output of the geothermal steam turbine 101 by increasing the amount of steam supplied to the geothermal steam turbine 101 by making a vacuum.

しかし、上述したように冷却水量調整弁１０８は手動弁で常時一定の弁開度で運用されるため、例えば冷却水量調整弁１０８の弁開度を９０％に設定して冷却水量を増加させると、復水器１０４が到達最高真空度に達した際には復水器水位調整弁１０６の弁開度を１００％以上にしても当該復水器１０４の水位制御が困難となってしまう事態が生じる。   However, as described above, the cooling water amount adjustment valve 108 is a manual valve that is always operated at a constant valve opening. For example, when the cooling water amount adjustment valve 108 is set to 90% and the cooling water amount is increased. When the condenser 104 reaches the maximum vacuum level, there is a situation in which it becomes difficult to control the water level of the condenser 104 even if the opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 106 is 100% or more. Arise.

そこで、本発明は、復水器の水位制御を常に行えるようにしながら地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加させることができるようにした地熱蒸気タービンプラント及びその運転方法を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a geothermal steam turbine plant and an operation method thereof capable of increasing the output of the geothermal steam turbine while always allowing the water level control of the condenser to be performed.

上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る地熱蒸気タービンプラントは、地熱蒸気タービンから排気される排気蒸気を冷却水と熱交換させて復水させる復水器と、該復水器に貯留した冷却水を冷却するクーリングタワーと、前記復水器から前記クーリングタワーに供給される冷却水量を調整する復水器水位調整弁と、前記クーリングタワーから前記復水器に供給される冷却水量を調整する冷却水量調整弁とを有する地熱蒸気タービンプラントにおいて、起動時に前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を一定な起動弁開度に設定して、負荷運転を開始して目標負荷に到達した後に、前記復水器に供給される冷却水量が起動時より多く、かつ、目標負荷到達時より多くなるように前記弁開度を制御するととともに、前記弁開度を前記起動弁開度よりも大きい他の一定な弁開度となるように、前記復水器水位調整弁の弁開度が水位調整可能範囲内で最大の弁開度になるように制御して、前記地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加可能に構成された冷却水量調整弁制御装置を設けたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a geothermal steam turbine plant according to the present invention includes a condenser that condenses exhaust steam exhausted from a geothermal steam turbine by heat exchange with cooling water, and cooling stored in the condenser. A cooling tower for cooling water, a condenser water level adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied from the condenser to the cooling tower, and a cooling water amount adjustment for adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling tower to the condenser In a geothermal steam turbine plant having a valve, at the time of start-up, the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve is set to a constant start valve opening, and after starting load operation and reaching a target load, the condenser cooling water supplied is more than at startup, and to, together with the controls the valve opening to be larger than when the target load reaches greater the valve opening than the starting valve opening So that the constant valve opening, the condenser valve opening of the water level adjusting valve is controlled so as to maximize the valve opening in the water level adjustable range, increasing the output of the geothermal steam turbine A cooling water amount adjusting valve control device configured to be possible is provided.

また、本発明に係る地熱蒸気タービンプラントの運転方法は、地熱蒸気タービンから排気される排気蒸気を冷却水と熱交換させて復水させる復水器と、該復水器に貯留した冷却水を冷却するクーリングタワーと、前記復水器から前記クーリングタワーに供給される水量を調整する復水器水位調整弁と、前記クーリングタワーから前記復水器に供給される冷却水量を調整する冷却水量調整弁とを有する地熱蒸気タービンプラントを運転する際に、起動時に前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を一定な起動弁開度に設定し、負荷運転を開始して目標負荷に到達した後に、前記復水器に供給される冷却水量が起動時より多く、かつ、目標負荷到達時より多くなるように前記弁開度を制御するとともに、前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を前記起動弁開度より大きい他の一定な弁開度に、前記復水器水位調整弁の弁開度が水位調整可能範囲内で最大の弁開度になるように設定して前記復水器の真空度を大きくして、前記地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加させることを特徴とする。

Further, the operation method of the geothermal steam turbine plant according to the present invention includes a condenser for condensing exhaust steam exhausted from the geothermal steam turbine with heat exchange with cooling water, and cooling water stored in the condenser. A cooling tower for cooling, a condenser water level adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of water supplied from the condenser to the cooling tower, and a cooling water amount adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling tower to the condenser. When operating the geothermal steam turbine plant having, the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve is set to a constant starting valve opening at the start, and after starting the load operation and reaching the target load, the condenser cooling water supplied is more than at startup, and to, to control the valve opening to be larger than when the target load reaches a large degree of valve opening of the cooling water amount control valve than the starting valve opening Other constant valve opening have, the condenser valve opening of the water level regulating valve to increase the vacuum degree of the condenser was set to be the maximum valve opening in the water level adjustable range The output of the geothermal steam turbine is increased.

本発明によれば、冷却水量調整弁の弁開度をプラントの運転状況に応じて変えるように制御するので、復水器の水位制御を行えるようにしながら地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加させることができる。   According to the present invention, the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve is controlled so as to change according to the operation state of the plant, so that it is possible to increase the output of the geothermal steam turbine while enabling the water level control of the condenser. it can.

本発明の第１の実施の形態の説明に適用される地熱蒸気プラントの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the geothermal steam plant applied to description of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１のプラントの起動、負荷運転の運転手順を示す動作図である。It is an operation | movement diagram which shows the starting procedure of the plant of FIG. 1, and the driving | operation procedure of load operation. 本発明の第２の実施の形態の説明に適用される地熱蒸気プラントの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the geothermal steam plant applied to description of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図３のプラントの起動、負荷運転の運転手順を示す動作図である。It is an operation | movement diagram which shows the starting procedure of the plant of FIG. 3, and the driving | operation procedure of load operation. 従来の技術の説明に適用される地熱蒸気プラントの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the geothermal steam plant applied to description of the prior art. 図５のプラントの起動、負荷運転の運転手順を示す動作図である。It is an operation | movement diagram which shows the starting procedure of the plant of FIG. 5, and the driving | operation procedure of load operation.

本発明の実施の形態を図を参照して説明する。図１は本実施の形態の説明に適用される地熱蒸気プラントの概略構成を示す図である。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a geothermal steam plant applied to the description of the present embodiment.

当該地熱蒸気プラントは、地熱蒸気により駆動されて発電機２を回転させる地熱蒸気タービン１、該地熱蒸気タービン１からの排気蒸気を冷却水と熱交換させて復水させる復水器４、該復水器４に貯留した水を圧送する循環水ポンプ５、該循環水ポンプ５により圧送される水量を調整する復水器水位調整弁６、復水器４に貯留される水が所定量になるように、当該水位を検出して、その検出結果に基づき復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を制御する水位調整弁制御装置９、循環水ポンプ５により圧送された水を冷却して冷却水とするクーリングタワー７、クーリングタワー７から復水器４に供給される冷却水量を調整する冷却水量調整弁１１、該冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を制御する冷却水量調整弁制御装置１０等を有している。   The geothermal steam plant includes a geothermal steam turbine 1 that is driven by geothermal steam to rotate the generator 2, a condenser 4 that condenses the exhaust steam from the geothermal steam turbine 1 by heat exchange with cooling water, and the condenser A circulating water pump 5 that pumps water stored in the water unit 4, a condenser water level adjustment valve 6 that adjusts the amount of water pumped by the circulating water pump 5, and water stored in the condenser 4 become a predetermined amount. As described above, the water level is detected, and the water level adjusting valve control device 9 that controls the valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 based on the detection result is cooled by cooling the water pumped by the circulating water pump 5. A cooling tower 7 for water, a cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 for adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling tower 7 to the condenser 4, a cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 10 for controlling the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11, etc. Have.

このような構成でプラントの起動、負荷運転の運転手順を図２に示す冷却水量調整弁１１や復水器水位調整弁６の動の動作図を参照して説明する。   With reference to the operation diagram of the operation of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 and the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 shown in FIG.

先ず、プラントの起動を開始すると、冷却水量調整弁制御装置１０は冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を予め設定された起動弁開度（例えば７０％の弁開度）に設定する。   First, when the start of the plant is started, the cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 10 sets the opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 to a preset starting valve opening degree (for example, 70% valve opening degree).

このような状態で循環水ポンプ５が起動されて、復水器４に貯留した水をクーリングタワー７に圧送し、またクーリングタワー７で冷却されてなる冷却水を復水器４に送るサイクルを行わせる。   In such a state, the circulating water pump 5 is started, the water stored in the condenser 4 is pumped to the cooling tower 7, and the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 7 is sent to the condenser 4. .

復水器４内は徐々に高真空状態になり、これに伴い当該復水器４に供給される冷却水量も増加する。   The condenser 4 is gradually in a high vacuum state, and the amount of cooling water supplied to the condenser 4 is increased accordingly.

このとき、復水器４に貯留される水が所定量を保つように水位調整弁制御装置９が当該水位を検出して、その検出結果に基づき復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を制御しているので、当該復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度は冷却水量の増加に伴い大きくなる。   At this time, the water level adjustment valve control device 9 detects the water level so that the water stored in the condenser 4 maintains a predetermined amount, and the valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 is determined based on the detection result. Since the control is performed, the opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 increases as the amount of cooling water increases.

そして、復水器４内の真空状態が到達最高真空状態に達して、冷却水量と真空度がバランスした状態となる。   Then, the vacuum state in the condenser 4 reaches the highest vacuum state, and the cooling water amount and the degree of vacuum are balanced.

このときの復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度は、例えば９０％であり復水器４の水位制御が十分可能な範囲となっている。   The valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 at this time is, for example, 90%, and is in a range where the water level control of the condenser 4 is sufficiently possible.

このような状態に達した後、地熱蒸気タービン１が起動される。地熱蒸気タービン１の起動は、地熱蒸気入口弁３を弁開することにより当該地熱蒸気タービン１に地熱蒸気を供給して行われる。   After reaching such a state, the geothermal steam turbine 1 is started. The geothermal steam turbine 1 is started by supplying the geothermal steam to the geothermal steam turbine 1 by opening the geothermal steam inlet valve 3.

従って、地熱蒸気タービン１の起動と同時に復水器４には排気蒸気が流入するようになり、これが冷却水により冷却されて復水する。   Therefore, the exhaust steam flows into the condenser 4 simultaneously with the start of the geothermal steam turbine 1, and this is cooled by the cooling water and condensed.

復水器４に排気蒸気が流入すると、当該復水機内の真空度が下がるので、これに応じて冷却水量も減少すると共に、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が小さくなる。   When exhaust steam flows into the condenser 4, the degree of vacuum in the condenser decreases, and accordingly, the amount of cooling water decreases and the valve opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 decreases.

そして、地熱蒸気タービン１への地熱蒸気の供給量を増大させながら負荷運転を開始し、目標負荷に到達すると、冷却水流量、タービン蒸気量、復水器４の真空度、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度等は一定する。この状態をタービン蒸気一定状態と記載する。   Then, the load operation is started while increasing the amount of geothermal steam supplied to the geothermal steam turbine 1, and when the target load is reached, the cooling water flow rate, the turbine steam amount, the vacuum degree of the condenser 4, and the condenser water level adjustment The valve opening degree of the valve 6 is constant. This state is described as a turbine steam constant state.

従来はこのような状態で通常運転となるが、本発明ではこの状態に達した後、冷却水量調整弁制御装置１０により起動弁開度に設定されている冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を大きくする。例えば、起動弁開度が７０％に設定されているような場合には８０％にする。   Conventionally, normal operation is performed in such a state, but in this invention, after reaching this state, the opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 set as the starting valve opening degree by the cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 10 is set. Enlarge. For example, when the opening degree of the starting valve is set to 70%, it is set to 80%.

これにより、復水器４に供給される冷却水流量が増加して当該復水器４内の真空度がより高真空状態になるので地熱蒸気タービン１での地熱蒸気の仕事量が増大して地熱タービン出力が増加するようになる。   As a result, the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to the condenser 4 is increased and the degree of vacuum in the condenser 4 becomes higher, so that the work of geothermal steam in the geothermal steam turbine 1 is increased. The geothermal turbine output will increase.

冷却水量が増えると、復水器４に貯留する水量が増えるので、これを予め設定された量に保つために復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を大きくする必要がある。   As the amount of cooling water increases, the amount of water stored in the condenser 4 increases, so the valve opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 needs to be increased in order to maintain this amount at a preset amount.

冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を７０％から８０％に上げたために、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を３０％増大させる必要が生じたとすると、タービン蒸気一定状態では復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が６０％であるので９０％となり、復水器４の水位制御が十分可能な範囲となっている。   Assuming that the valve opening of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 needs to be increased by 30% because the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 is increased from 70% to 80%, the condenser is in a constant turbine steam state. Since the valve opening degree of the water level adjusting valve 6 is 60%, it becomes 90%, and the water level control of the condenser 4 is sufficiently possible.

なお、上記説明では、冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を７０％から８０％に上げ、そのときの復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が９０％となる場合を例に説明したが、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、復水器水位調整弁６で復水器４の水位が調整可能な範囲まで冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を大きくすることが可能である。   In the above description, the case where the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 is increased from 70% to 80% and the valve opening of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 at that time is 90% has been described as an example. The present invention is not limited to these examples, and it is possible to increase the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 to a range in which the water level of the condenser 4 can be adjusted by the condenser water level adjusting valve 6. It is.

即ち、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が９５％まで復水器４の水位制御が可能な場合には、当該復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が９５％になるまで冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を上げるようにしてもよい。   That is, when the water level of the condenser 4 can be controlled to 95%, the cooling of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 is cooled to 95%. You may make it raise the valve opening degree of the water quantity adjustment valve 11. FIG.

以上説明したように、起動時と負荷運転時とで復水器４の水位が調整できる範囲で冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を変えるように制御することで、負荷運転時における地熱蒸気タービン１の出力を増加させることが可能となる。   As described above, the geothermal steam turbine at the time of load operation is controlled by changing the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 within a range in which the water level of the condenser 4 can be adjusted at the time of start-up and load operation. The output of 1 can be increased.

次に、本発明の第２の実施の形態の説明を図を参照して説明する。なお、上記実施の形態と同一構成に関しては同一符号を用いて説明を適宜省略する。   Next, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

先の、実施の形態においては、冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度をプラントの起動時と負荷運転時とで変える場合について説明した。この場合は、負荷運転時においても冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度は一定で、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を調整して復水器４の水位が所定水位を保つようにした。   In the previous embodiment, the case where the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 is changed between the start-up of the plant and the load operation has been described. In this case, the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 is constant even during load operation, and the valve opening of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 is adjusted to keep the water level of the condenser 4 at a predetermined water level. did.

これに対して本実施の形態では、負荷運転時において復水器水位調整弁６により復水器４の水位が調整できる最高弁開度に固定し、冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度をかえることで復水器４の水位が所定水位を保つようにしものであり、このため図３に示すように、冷却水量調整弁制御装置１３を設けて復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度に応じて冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を制御するようにしている。   In contrast, in the present embodiment, the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 fixes the water level of the condenser 4 at the maximum valve opening degree during load operation, and the cooling water amount adjustment valve 11 is changed in valve opening degree. Thus, the water level of the condenser 4 is kept at a predetermined level. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, a cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 13 is provided to adjust the valve opening of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6. Accordingly, the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 is controlled.

即ち、図３に示す構成は、冷却水量調整弁制御装置１３が復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を検出し、その検出結果に応じて冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を制御するようにしている。   That is, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the cooling water amount adjustment valve control device 13 detects the valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 and controls the valve opening degree of the cooling water amount adjustment valve 11 according to the detection result. I am doing so.

このような構成の運転手順を図４に示す冷却水量調整弁１１や復水器水位調整弁６の動きの動作図を参照して説明する。   The operation procedure of such a configuration will be described with reference to the operation diagrams of the operation of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 and the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 shown in FIG.

先ず、プラントの起動を開始すると、冷却水量調整弁制御装置１３は冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を予め設定された起動弁開度（例えば７０％の弁開度）に設定する。   First, when the start of the plant is started, the cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 13 sets the opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve 11 to a preset starting valve opening degree (for example, 70% valve opening degree).

このような状態で循環水ポンプ５が起動されて、復水器４に貯留した水をクーリングタワー７に圧送し、またクーリングタワー７で冷却されてなる冷却水を復水器４に送るサイクルを行わせる。   In such a state, the circulating water pump 5 is started, the water stored in the condenser 4 is pumped to the cooling tower 7, and the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 7 is sent to the condenser 4. .

復水器４内は徐々に高真空状態になり、これに伴い当該復水器４に供給される冷却水量も増加する。   The condenser 4 is gradually in a high vacuum state, and the amount of cooling water supplied to the condenser 4 is increased accordingly.

このとき、復水器４に貯留される水が所定量を保つように水位調整弁制御装置９が当該水位を検出して、その検出結果に基づき復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度を制御しているので、当該復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度は冷却水量の増加に伴い大きくなる。   At this time, the water level adjustment valve control device 9 detects the water level so that the water stored in the condenser 4 maintains a predetermined amount, and the valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 is determined based on the detection result. Since the control is performed, the opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 increases as the amount of cooling water increases.

そして、復水器４内の真空状態が到達最高真空状態に達して、冷却水量と真空度がバランスした状態となる。   Then, the vacuum state in the condenser 4 reaches the highest vacuum state, and the cooling water amount and the degree of vacuum are balanced.

このときの復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度は、例えば９０％であり復水器４の水位制御が十分可能な範囲となっている。   The valve opening degree of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 at this time is, for example, 90%, and is in a range where the water level control of the condenser 4 is sufficiently possible.

このような状態に達した後、地熱蒸気タービン１が起動される。地熱蒸気タービン１の起動は、地熱蒸気入口弁３を弁開することにより当該地熱蒸気タービン１に地熱蒸気を供給して行われる。   After reaching such a state, the geothermal steam turbine 1 is started. The geothermal steam turbine 1 is started by supplying the geothermal steam to the geothermal steam turbine 1 by opening the geothermal steam inlet valve 3.

従って、地熱蒸気タービン１の起動と同時に復水器４には排気蒸気が流入するようになり、これが冷却水により冷却されて復水する。   Therefore, the exhaust steam flows into the condenser 4 simultaneously with the start of the geothermal steam turbine 1, and this is cooled by the cooling water and condensed.

復水器４に排気蒸気が流入すると、当該復水機内の真空度が下がるので、これに応じて冷却水量も減少すると共に、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が小さくなる。   When exhaust steam flows into the condenser 4, the degree of vacuum in the condenser decreases, and accordingly, the amount of cooling water decreases and the valve opening of the condenser water level adjustment valve 6 decreases.

そして、地熱蒸気タービン１への地熱蒸気の供給量を増大させながら負荷運転を開始し、目標負荷に到達すると、冷却水流量、タービン蒸気量、復水器４の真空度、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度等は一定してタービン蒸気一定状態となる。   Then, the load operation is started while increasing the amount of geothermal steam supplied to the geothermal steam turbine 1, and when the target load is reached, the cooling water flow rate, the turbine steam amount, the vacuum degree of the condenser 4, and the condenser water level adjustment The valve opening degree of the valve 6 is constant and the turbine steam is in a constant state.

タービン蒸気一定状態となると冷却水量調整弁制御装置１３は、復水器水位調整弁６の弁開度が、水位調整可能範囲内で最大の弁開度（例えば９０％）になるように、冷却水量調整弁１１の弁開度を制御する。   When the turbine steam is in a constant state, the cooling water amount adjusting valve control device 13 performs cooling so that the valve opening of the condenser water level adjusting valve 6 becomes the maximum valve opening (for example, 90%) within the water level adjustable range. The valve opening degree of the water amount adjusting valve 11 is controlled.

これにより、復水器４の水位調整が可能な範囲で、最大の冷却水が復水器４に供給できるようになり、当該復水器４内の真空度がより高真空状態になるので地熱蒸気タービン１での地熱蒸気の仕事量が増大して地熱タービン出力が増加するようになる。   As a result, the maximum cooling water can be supplied to the condenser 4 within a range in which the water level of the condenser 4 can be adjusted, and the degree of vacuum in the condenser 4 becomes a higher vacuum state. The work volume of the geothermal steam in the steam turbine 1 increases, and the geothermal turbine output increases.

１…地熱蒸気タービン
４…復水器
６…復水器水位調整弁
９…水位調整弁制御装置
１０…冷却水量調整弁制御装置
１１…冷却水量調整弁
１３…冷却水量調整弁制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Geothermal steam turbine 4 ... Condenser 6 ... Condenser water level adjustment valve 9 ... Water level adjustment valve control device 10 ... Cooling water amount adjustment valve control device 11 ... Cooling water amount adjustment valve 13 ... Cooling water amount adjustment valve control device

Claims (2)

地熱蒸気タービンから排気される排気蒸気を冷却水と熱交換させて復水させる復水器と、該復水器に貯留した冷却水を冷却するクーリングタワーと、前記復水器から前記クーリングタワーに供給される冷却水量を調整する復水器水位調整弁と、前記クーリングタワーから前記復水器に供給される冷却水量を調整する冷却水量調整弁とを有する地熱蒸気タービンプラントにおいて、
起動時に前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を一定な起動弁開度に設定して、負荷運転を開始して目標負荷に到達した後に、前記復水器に供給される冷却水量が起動時より多く、かつ、目標負荷到達時より多くなるように前記弁開度を制御するとともに、前記弁開度を前記起動弁開度よりも大きい他の一定な弁開度となるように、前記復水器水位調整弁の弁開度が水位調整可能範囲内で最大の弁開度になるように制御して、前記地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加可能に構成された冷却水量調整弁制御装置を設けたことを特徴とする地熱蒸気タービンプラント。 A condenser that condenses exhaust steam exhausted from the geothermal steam turbine by heat exchange with cooling water, a cooling tower that cools cooling water stored in the condenser, and is supplied from the condenser to the cooling tower. A geothermal steam turbine plant having a condenser water level adjusting valve that adjusts the amount of cooling water and a cooling water amount adjusting valve that adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling tower to the condenser,
After starting the load operation and reaching the target load after setting the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve at a constant start valve opening at the time of start-up, the amount of cooling water supplied to the condenser is The condensate is controlled so that the valve opening is controlled to be greater than when the target load is reached and the valve opening is set to another constant valve opening larger than the starting valve opening. A cooling water amount adjusting valve control device configured to increase the output of the geothermal steam turbine by controlling the valve opening of the water level adjusting valve to be the maximum valve opening within the water level adjustable range is provided. A geothermal steam turbine plant characterized by that. 地熱蒸気タービンから排気される排気蒸気を冷却水と熱交換させて復水させる復水器と、該復水器に貯留した冷却水を冷却するクーリングタワーと、前記復水器から前記クーリングタワーに供給される水量を調整する復水器水位調整弁と、前記クーリングタワーから前記復水器に供給される冷却水量を調整する冷却水量調整弁とを有する地熱蒸気タービンプラントを運転する際に、
起動時に前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を一定な起動弁開度に設定し、負荷運転を開始して目標負荷に到達した後に、前記復水器に供給される冷却水量が起動時より多く、かつ、目標負荷到達時より多くなるように前記弁開度を制御するとともに、前記冷却水量調整弁の弁開度を前記起動弁開度より大きい他の一定な弁開度に、前記復水器水位調整弁の弁開度が水位調整可能範囲内で最大の弁開度になるように設定して前記復水器の真空度を大きくして、前記地熱蒸気タービンの出力を増加させることを特徴とする地熱蒸気タービンプラントの運転方法。 A condenser that condenses exhaust steam exhausted from the geothermal steam turbine by heat exchange with cooling water, a cooling tower that cools cooling water stored in the condenser, and is supplied from the condenser to the cooling tower. When operating a geothermal steam turbine plant having a condenser water level adjusting valve that adjusts the amount of water to be supplied and a cooling water amount adjusting valve that adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling tower to the condenser,
After starting the load operation and reaching the target load after setting the valve opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve to a constant start valve opening at the time of startup, the amount of cooling water supplied to the condenser is larger than at the time of startup And the valve opening degree is controlled so as to be larger than when the target load is reached, and the condensate is set to another constant valve opening degree that is larger than the starting valve opening degree. Increasing the output of the geothermal steam turbine by increasing the degree of vacuum of the condenser by setting the valve opening of the water level adjustment valve to be the maximum valve opening within the water level adjustable range. A method of operating a geothermal steam turbine plant characterized by the above.
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