JP5048329B2 - ガソリン組成物 - Google Patents
ガソリン組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5048329B2 JP5048329B2 JP2006519923A JP2006519923A JP5048329B2 JP 5048329 B2 JP5048329 B2 JP 5048329B2 JP 2006519923 A JP2006519923 A JP 2006519923A JP 2006519923 A JP2006519923 A JP 2006519923A JP 5048329 B2 JP5048329 B2 JP 5048329B2
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- gasoline
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- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- GMEONFUTDYJSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl levulinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O GMEONFUTDYJSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 22
- JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxopentanoic acid Chemical class CC(=O)CCC(O)=O JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- -1 levulinate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- UAGJVSRUFNSIHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl levulinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(C)=O UAGJVSRUFNSIHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETOYPNHZMSVFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 4-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)CCC(C)=O WETOYPNHZMSVFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008673 Persea americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002426 Persea americana var. drymifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl levulinate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N Unsaturated alcohol Chemical compound CC\C(CO)=C/C ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940005460 butyl levulinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940058352 levulinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MGJRGGIHFUREHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 4-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCC(C)=O MGJRGGIHFUREHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006029 tetra-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/146—Macromolecular compounds according to different macromolecular groups, mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
a)エチレンオキシドをアルコール1モル当り0又は1〜20モル及び/又はプロピレンオキシドを1〜5モル含有する、任意にアルコキシル化した炭素原子数8〜24の直鎖又は分岐鎖飽和又は不飽和ものアルコール、又は
b)任意に炭素原子数1〜24の脂肪酸で部分エステル化した、炭素原子数2〜6のポリオール、又は
c)脂肪酸1モル当りエチレンオキシド4〜20モル含有する炭素原子数12〜14のアルコキシル化脂肪酸、又は
d)エトキシル化二量体脂肪酸。
このような燃料はディーゼル燃料が好ましい(第7頁11〜22行)
またWO 03002696は“以上は、以下の実施例で示す”(第11頁31行)と述べているが、組成及びテスト結果のデータは、以下の文章:
“レブリン酸エチル5.0%以下、水1.0%及びノニオン洗浄剤2.0%を含有する規格ガソリンブレンドは、ベースガソリンと同様なRVPを有することが見い出された。”及び
“レブリン酸エチル5.0%以下、水1.0%及びノニオン洗浄剤2.0%を含有する規格ディーゼルブレンドは、ベースディーゼルと同様な引火点を有することが見い出された。”
で構成されている。
(i)濃度は少なくとも1.5容量%であり、
(ii)濃度は少なくとも2容量%であり、
(iii)濃度は少なくとも3容量%であり、
(iV)濃度は少なくとも4容量%であり、
(V)濃度は12容量%以下であり、
(Vi)濃度は10容量%以下であり、
(Vii)濃度は8容量%以下であり、
(Viii)濃度は6容量%以下であり、
特徴(i)及び(v)、(ii)及び(vi)、(iii)及び(vii)、並びに(v)及び(viii)の範囲は、それぞれ順次、更に好ましい。
レブリン酸エチル及び窒素含有洗浄剤の他、ガソリン組成物は更に1種以上の担体液、腐蝕防止剤、耐酸化剤、染料、かすみ防止剤(dehazer)、金属失活剤、前記定義したヒドロカルビル基を有する窒素含有洗浄剤以外の洗浄剤(例えばポリエーテルアミン)、摩擦改良剤、希釈剤及び標識剤を含有してよい。
R3−O−(R5)p−O−R4 (II)
を有する。ここでR3及びR4は独立に水素原子又はヒドロカルビル基、好ましくはC1〜40ヒドロカルビル基、例えばアルキル、シクロアルキル、フェニル又はアルキル−フェニル基を表わし、各R5は独立にアルキレン基、好ましくはC2〜8アルキレン基を表わし、pはポリアルキレン化合物のMnが400〜3000、好ましくは700〜2000、更に好ましくは1000〜2000となるような値である。
この規格では、成分の量(濃度)(容量%)(重量ppm)は活性分(active matter)である(即ち、揮発性溶剤/希釈材料を除く)。
レブリン酸エチル:
Avocado ChemicalsからのカタログNo.15001。
“DP”:
標準的な商用ガソリンの添加剤包装で、ポリイソブチレンアミン洗浄剤、合成担体油及び慣用の腐蝕防止剤を含有し、DE−A−19955651の実施例3の添加物包装PIに相当する。ポリイソブチレンアミン洗浄剤は、BASFからの、ポリイソブチレン(PIB)鎖の数平均分子量が約1000のポリイソブチレン モノアミン(PIBA)である。合成担体油は、開始剤としてC5〜15の範囲のアルコール混合物を用いて製造した、プロピレンオキシド単位を15〜30含み、Mnが1000〜2000のポリオキシプロピレングリコールヘミエーテルからなるポリエーテル担体である。添加剤包装は、不揮発分を約68%含有し、包装の約27重量%がPIBA、包装の約40重量%が担体液である。
“PIBA”:
活性分が50〜55重量%で、残部が本質的に未反応のポリイソブチレンからなる“DP”のポリイソブチレンモノアミンに相当する工業用ポリイソブチレンモノアミンである。
トヨタ清浄保持:
吸気バルブの清浄性を評価するため、1992年型トヨタカリーナから外した1気筒当り4バルブのIVD 3S−FEエンジンを用いて、IVD清浄保持テストを行った。このエンジンは、多点噴射(MPI)式で、ラムダセンサー及び排ガス再循環装置を備える。
段階 時間(秒) 回転数 トルク(Nm)
1 30 850 アイドリング
2 60 1300 26
3 120 1850 28
4 60 3000 30
テストを終了すると、エンジンを分解し、バルブを再び秤量して、吸入バルブの付着物(IVD)重量を求めた。
本例では、レブリン酸エチル 5容量%及びDP 380重量ppm(実施例1);DP 380重量ppm(比較例A);レブリン酸エチル 5容量%(比較例B);をそれぞれ含むガソリン組成物を製造し、これら組成物をベース燃料(比較例C)と比較して前記方法でテストした。結果を第1表に示す。
清浄保持性能の顕著な向上はレブリン酸エチル及びポリイソブチレンアミンの同時存在によるものであることを確認し、証明するため、実施例1と同じ処方で製造したベース燃料を用いて、レブリン酸エチル 5容量%及びPIBA 225重量ppm(実施例2);PIBA 225重量ppm(比較例D);をそれぞれ含むガソリン組成物を製造し、これら組成物を前記方法でテストした。結果を第2表に示す。
レブリン酸エチル含有燃料のシール材料との適合性を、ベース燃料と比較し、更にレブリン酸メチル含有燃料(AldrichからのカタログNo.61405)と比較して調べるため、テストを行った。
結果を第3表に示す。
Claims (10)
- スパーク点火エンジン用に好適なガソリンを主要量で含むと共に、レブリン酸エチルを1〜15容量%、及び数平均分子量が750〜6000の範囲のヒドロカルビル基を有する窒素含有洗浄剤を20〜2000重量ppm含むガソリン組成物。
- レブリン酸エチルを1.5〜12容量%含む請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- レブリン酸エチルを2〜10容量%含む請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- レブリン酸エチルを3〜8容量%含む請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- レブリン酸エチルを4〜6容量%含む請求項1に記載のガソリン組成物。
- 前記窒素含有洗浄剤を50〜1500重量ppm含む請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のガソリン組成物。
- 前記窒素含有洗浄剤を50〜500重量ppm含む請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のガソリン組成物。
- 前記窒素含有洗浄剤が、式R1−NH2(但し、R1はR2基又はR2−CH2−基を表わし、R2は数平均分子量が950〜1350の範囲のヒドロカルビル基を表わす)のヒドロカルビルアミンである請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のガソリン組成物。
- 前記ガソリン、前記レブリン酸エチル及び前記窒素含有洗浄剤を添加混合することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のガソリン組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のガソリン組成物をスパーク点火エンジンの燃焼室に導入することを特徴とする該エンジンの操作方法。
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EP03254454 | 2003-07-15 | ||
EP03254454.6 | 2003-07-15 | ||
PCT/EP2004/051423 WO2005014759A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2004-07-08 | Gasoline compositions |
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US6494879B2 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2002-12-17 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Treating urinary retention |
CN101233216A (zh) * | 2005-07-25 | 2008-07-30 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 燃料组合物 |
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DE3611230A1 (de) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-08 | Basf Ag | Polybutyl- und polyisobutylamine, verfahren zu deren herstellung und diese enthaltende kraft- und schmierstoffzusammensetzungen |
DE4308053C2 (de) * | 1993-03-13 | 1997-05-15 | Veba Oel Ag | Flüssige unverbleite Kraftstoffe |
TW477784B (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2002-03-01 | Shell Int Research | Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives |
US5725612A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1998-03-10 | Ethyl Corporation | Additives for minimizing intake valve deposits, and their use |
US6203584B1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2001-03-20 | Chevron Chemical Company Llc | Fuel composition containing an amine compound and an ester |
JP4026980B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-31 | 2007-12-26 | 株式会社ジョモテクニカルリサーチセンター | ガソリン |
US6723141B1 (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2004-04-20 | Shell Oil Company | Additive concentration |
US20020143216A1 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-10-03 | Kazushi Tsurutani | Motor gasoline composition |
US6482243B2 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-11-19 | J.T. Granatelli Lubricants, Inc. | Fuel reformulator |
GB0111679D0 (en) * | 2001-05-12 | 2001-07-04 | Aae Tech Int Ltd | Fuel composition |
WO2005097723A2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-20 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | PREPARATION OF LEVULINIC ACID ESTERS FROM α-ANGELICA LACTONE AND ALCOHOLS |
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NO20060707L (no) | 2006-02-14 |
CA2533001C (en) | 2013-04-30 |
EP1651740B1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
ATE556128T1 (de) | 2012-05-15 |
NZ544457A (en) | 2009-06-26 |
BRPI0412640A (pt) | 2006-09-26 |
JP2009513750A (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
AU2004263662B2 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
MY137521A (en) | 2009-02-27 |
CN1823153A (zh) | 2006-08-23 |
US20050016058A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
WO2005014759A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
ZA200600204B (en) | 2007-03-28 |
AU2004263662A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
AR046256A1 (es) | 2005-11-30 |
EP1651740A1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
CA2533001A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
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