JP5043955B2 - Superconducting synchronous motor - Google Patents
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- JP5043955B2 JP5043955B2 JP2009538352A JP2009538352A JP5043955B2 JP 5043955 B2 JP5043955 B2 JP 5043955B2 JP 2009538352 A JP2009538352 A JP 2009538352A JP 2009538352 A JP2009538352 A JP 2009538352A JP 5043955 B2 JP5043955 B2 JP 5043955B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
- H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Description
本発明は、回転子が磁性材でなった両側の二つの誘導子と界磁鉄心（ｆｉｅｌｄ ｃｏｒｅ）で構成されており、界磁巻線は運転中に回転しない超伝導巻線で構成され、界磁巻線が直流電源で励磁されて、二つの誘導子の中で一方はＮ極、他方はＳ極に励磁され、誘導子の周りに３相（３ ｐｈａｓｅ）に励磁される電気子巻線（ａｒｍａｔｕｒｅ ｗｉｎｄｉｎｇ）が共心型に配置され、最外側を機械シールドで取り囲んでいる構造の超伝導同期電動機の超伝導界磁巻線に関するもので、コイルの構造、冷却などに関する技術である。 In the present invention, the rotor is composed of two inductors on both sides made of magnetic material and a field core, and the field winding is composed of a superconducting winding that does not rotate during operation. The field winding is excited by a DC power source, one of the two inductors is excited to the N pole, the other is excited to the S pole, and the coil is wound around the inductor in three phases (3 phase). This is related to the superconducting field winding of a superconducting synchronous motor having a structure in which lines (armature winding) are concentrically arranged and the outermost side is surrounded by a mechanical shield, and is related to the coil structure, cooling, and the like.
一般に、既存の相伝導電動機の場合は、回転子の重さの殆どを積層された珪素鋼板のような磁性材でなった鉄心が占め、界磁と電気子コイルは鉄心でなったスロット内に挿入されることでその構造がなされる。一方、超伝導電動機の場合は、強磁場を発生させる超伝導界磁巻線（Ｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇ Ｆｉｅｌｄ Ｗｉｎｄｉｎｇ）を利用することにより、器機内部の鉄心を使用しなくても既存の相伝導電動機の１／２〜１／３の大きさで同等な出力を発生させることができる。 In general, in the case of an existing phase conduction motor, an iron core made of a magnetic material such as a laminated silicon steel plate occupies most of the weight of the rotor, and the field and the electric coil are in a slot made of iron core. The structure is made by being inserted. On the other hand, in the case of a superconducting motor, by using a superconducting field winding that generates a strong magnetic field, a half of an existing phase conduction motor can be used without using an iron core inside the device. An equivalent output can be generated with a size of ~ 1/3.
このような鉄心を使用しない共心型の構造において、目標出力を得るために、回転する極低温容器（Ｃｒｙｏｓｔａｔ）内に界磁コイルを配置して超伝導状態に作った後、強磁場が発生するようにする。したがって、超伝導コイルを冷却させるための装置が電気的なコイルとともに配置されてならなければならなく、既存の回転機技術では使用されない極低温分野の技術であって、現在主に使用されるＢｉ２２２３酸化物系超伝導線で作られた界磁コイルの場合、３０Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ前後に冷却されて使用されており、冷媒としては液体ネオンまたはヘリウムガスを主に使用している。 In such a concentric structure that does not use an iron core, a strong magnetic field is generated after a field coil is placed in a rotating cryogenic container (Cryostat) in a superconducting state in order to obtain a target output. To do. Therefore, a device for cooling the superconducting coil must be arranged together with the electric coil, and it is a technology in the cryogenic field that is not used in the existing rotating machine technology, and is currently mainly used Bi2223. In the case of a field coil made of an oxide-based superconducting wire, it is cooled and used around 30 Kelvin, and liquid neon or helium gas is mainly used as a refrigerant.
超伝導電動機／発電機の利点としては、超伝導界磁コイルで強磁場を発生させることができるので、既存の機器に比べて大きさ及び重さを大幅に減りながら効率を向上させることができるが、欠点としては、超伝導界磁コイルを運転温度である５０Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ以下の極低温に冷却させなければならないものである。そして、ＭＲＩのような停止状態の超伝導マグネットの場合は、極低温冷却技術の発達によって、４．２Ｋｅｌｖｉｎまで冷却しなければならない金属系超伝導線を使用した場合であっても技術的な困難があまりないが、超伝導回転機とともに回転する超伝導界磁コイルに冷媒を供給するためには、冷媒が液化する停止状態の極低温冷却機に対して冷媒が流出または流入する管路も必ず極低温に維持されるとともに回転部と非回転部を連結する部分が存在しなければならなく、主に磁性流体シーリング（Ｆｅｒｒｏ−ｆｌｕｉｄ ｓｅａｌ）部を備えてこのような問題を解決している。しかし、このような連結部は、構造が複雑で、脆弱であり、結果として長期間の運転時、信頼性の問題を引き起こすことができ、冷却効率が落ちて超伝導電動機／発電機全体の効率向上に影響を及ぼすことになる。 The advantage of a superconducting motor / generator is that a superconducting field coil can generate a strong magnetic field, which can improve efficiency while significantly reducing the size and weight compared to existing equipment. However, the disadvantage is that the superconducting field coil must be cooled to a cryogenic temperature of 50 Kelvin or less, which is the operating temperature. In the case of a superconducting magnet in a stopped state such as MRI, even if a metal superconducting wire that must be cooled to 4.2 Kelvin is used due to the development of cryogenic cooling technology, it is technically difficult. However, in order to supply the refrigerant to the superconducting field coil that rotates together with the superconducting rotating machine, the pipes through which the refrigerant flows out or flows into the stopped cryogenic refrigerator where the refrigerant liquefies must be provided. There must be a portion that is kept at a very low temperature and connects the rotating part and the non-rotating part, and mainly includes a ferrofluid sealing part to solve such a problem. However, such a connecting part has a complicated structure and is fragile. As a result, it can cause a problem of reliability during long-term operation, and the cooling efficiency is lowered and the overall efficiency of the superconducting motor / generator is reduced. It will affect the improvement.
このように回転する極低温超伝導界磁コイルは一般的に直流磁場を発生するようになっているので、殆どが同期機または直流機の界磁コイルに使用され、交流磁場が発生する電気子巻線（Ａｒｍａｔｕｒｅ Ｗｉｎｄｉｎｇ）には既存の電動機と同様な相伝導銅コイルが使用される。 Since the cryogenic superconducting field coil rotating in this manner generally generates a DC magnetic field, most of them are used for a field coil of a synchronous machine or a DC machine, and an electric element generating an AC magnetic field is used. A phase conduction copper coil similar to that of an existing electric motor is used for the winding (armature winding).
したがって、現在開発されている大部分の超伝導電動機は、磁場遮蔽シールドが機械の最外層に円筒状に、既存の回転機で採用される強磁性体を積層して使用し、機械シールドのすぐ内側に３相の相伝導コイルが配置される。 Therefore, most of the superconducting motors currently being developed use a magnetic shielding shield in a cylindrical shape on the outermost layer of the machine and a layer of ferromagnetic material used in existing rotating machines. A three-phase phase conduction coil is disposed inside.
このように配置された電気子巻線と超伝導界磁コイルとの間には電気伝導に優れたアルミニウム銅などで製作される常温ダンパー（Ｗａｒｍ Ｄａｍｐｅｒ）が取り付けられ、既存の同期電動機が脱調した場合に誘導電流を流して再び同期速度に回復することを助ける。また、電気子巻線で発生する交流磁場が直流磁場を発生させる超伝導界磁コイルに影響を及ぼすことを防ぐ役目をし、極低温容器と超伝導界磁コイルとの間に配置される低温ダンパー（Ｃｒｙｏｇｅｎｉｃ Ｄａｍｐｅｒ）の場合は、回転子の外筒から流入する放射熱を遮蔽する役割も同時に果たすことになる。通常、安全性にすぐれた酸化物系超伝導線を使用する場合は常温ダンパーを使用する。 A room-temperature damper (Warm Damper) made of aluminum copper or the like excellent in electrical conduction is attached between the armature winding and the superconducting field coil arranged in this way, and the existing synchronous motor is stepped out. If it does, it will help to restore the synchronous speed again by flowing an induced current. It also serves to prevent the AC magnetic field generated by the electric winding from affecting the superconducting field coil that generates the DC magnetic field, and is a low temperature disposed between the cryogenic container and the superconducting field coil. In the case of a damper (Cryogenic Damper), it also plays a role of shielding radiant heat flowing from the outer cylinder of the rotor. Normally, when using oxide-based superconducting wires with excellent safety, use a room temperature damper.
現在開発されている超伝導電動機／発電機は回転界磁型であるので、回転する超伝導界磁コイルを冷却するために前述した構造が複雑であり、長期運転の際に信頼性の問題を引き起こすことができ、冷却効率を低下させる要因になるなど、超伝導回転機の極低温冷却システムの改善が要求されており、さらに、１０ＭＷ前後の中小型機では、超伝導界磁コイルを共心にする場合、まだ高価である超伝導線の量があまり多く必要となり、究極には超伝導電動機／発電機の経済性の問題を引き起こす。 Since the superconducting motor / generator currently being developed is a rotating field type, the above-described structure is complicated to cool the rotating superconducting field coil, which causes reliability problems during long-term operation. It is necessary to improve the cryogenic cooling system of the superconducting rotating machine, which can cause the cooling efficiency to decrease, and in addition, the superconducting field coil is concentric for small and medium-sized machines around 10 MW. In this case, a large amount of superconducting wire that is still expensive is required, which ultimately causes economic problems of the superconducting motor / generator.
したがって、本発明は前記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、既存の極低温冷却システムの問題を解決するとともに、同一容量で要求される超伝導線の量を最小化することができる超伝導電動機／発電機に使用される超伝導界磁コイルを提供することをその目的とする。 Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and solves the problems of existing cryogenic cooling systems and minimizes the amount of superconducting wires required for the same capacity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a superconducting field coil used for a superconducting motor / generator capable of performing the above.
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために、直流磁場を発生する超伝導界磁コイルが、極低温冷媒である液体窒素または液体ネオンを収容し、極低温冷却機と直結されて伝導冷却方式で冷却させる冷媒槽の内に設置され、前記超伝導界磁コイルは超伝導線材でなる超伝導同期電動機を提供する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a superconducting field coil that generates a DC magnetic field that contains liquid nitrogen or liquid neon, which is a cryogenic refrigerant, and is directly connected to a cryogenic cooler in a conduction cooling system. The superconducting field coil is installed in a refrigerant tank to be cooled, and the superconducting field coil provides a superconducting synchronous motor made of superconducting wire.
そして、前記超伝導界磁コイルは、前記超伝導界磁コイル及び冷媒槽の両端にそれぞれ位置する回転子；前記回転子の外側に形成された鉄心型の固定子；及び前記固定子の内表面に前記誘導子を取り囲むように形成され、３相に励磁される共心型の電気子巻線；をさらに含むことができる。 The superconducting field coil includes a rotor located at both ends of the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant tank; an iron core type stator formed on the outside of the rotor; and an inner surface of the stator And a concentric electric coil wound around the inductor and excited in three phases.
そして、前記超伝導界磁コイルは、前記超伝導界磁コイル及び冷媒槽を取り囲むように形成され、前記回転子からの放射熱と前記電気子巻線で発生する交流磁場を遮断させるダンパーをさらに含むことができる。 The superconducting field coil is formed so as to surround the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant tank, and further includes a damper that cuts off the radiant heat from the rotor and the AC magnetic field generated by the electric coil. Can be included.
そして、前記冷媒槽の周りは放射熱浸入の遮断のための多重の断熱材で取り囲まれ、前記冷媒槽とダンパーの間には真空層が形成されることができる。 The refrigerant tank is surrounded by multiple heat insulating materials for blocking radiant heat intrusion, and a vacuum layer can be formed between the refrigerant tank and the damper.
一方、本発明は、超伝導線材が巻線されたシングルパンケーキコイルまたはダブルパンケーキコイルでなって直流電源を励磁させる超伝導界磁コイルと；前記パンケーキコイルの両端にそれぞれ位置し、磁性材でなった鉄心型の誘導子、前記超伝導界磁コイルの中心部に結合される界磁コア、及び前記誘導子及び界磁コアに同軸状に結合されて軸回転するシャフトでなる回転子と；前記回転子の外側に形成された鉄心型の固定子と；前記固定子の内表面に形成され、３相に励磁される共心型の電気子巻線と；前記超伝導界磁コイルを取り囲むように形成され、前記回転子からの放射熱と前記電気子巻線で発生する交流磁場を遮断させるダンパーと；を含んでなり、前記超伝導界磁コイルは、極低温冷媒である液体窒素または液体ネオンを収容し、極低温冷却機と直結されて伝導冷却方式で冷却させる冷媒槽の内に設置され、前記冷媒槽の周りは放射熱浸入の遮断のための多重の断熱材で取り囲まれ、前記冷媒槽と界磁コアの外周面の間、及び前記冷媒槽の外周面と前記ダンパーの間には真空層を形成される超伝導同期電動機を提供する。 On the other hand, the present invention provides a superconducting field coil which is a single pancake coil or a double pancake coil around which a superconducting wire is wound to excite a DC power source; A core-type inductor made of a material, a field core coupled to a central portion of the superconducting field coil, and a rotor composed of a shaft that is coaxially coupled to the inductor and the field core and rotates about its axis An iron core type stator formed on the outer side of the rotor; a concentric coil wound on the inner surface of the stator and excited in three phases; and the superconducting field coil And a damper that cuts off the radiant heat from the rotor and an AC magnetic field generated by the electric coil, and the superconducting field coil is a liquid that is a cryogenic refrigerant. Contains nitrogen or liquid neon Installed in a refrigerant tank that is directly connected to a cryogenic cooler and cooled by a conduction cooling method, and the periphery of the refrigerant tank is surrounded by multiple heat insulating materials for blocking radiant heat intrusion, Provided is a superconducting synchronous motor in which a vacuum layer is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic core and between the outer peripheral surface of the refrigerant tank and the damper.
そして、前記誘導子は、前記界磁コアと一体に形成され、前記界磁コアの一端部から直径方向に突出するように多数の突出極部が形成された第１誘導子；及び前記第１誘導子に対向して多数の突出極部が形成された第２誘導子でなる誘導子；を含んでなることができる。 The inductor is formed integrally with the field core, and a first inductor having a plurality of protruding pole portions formed so as to protrude in a diametrical direction from one end of the field core; and the first An inductor composed of a second inductor having a number of protruding pole portions formed opposite to the inductor.
ここで、前記超伝導界磁コイルは、前記第１誘導子と第２誘導子の突出極部の間に位置し、超伝導界磁コイルはＢＳＣＣＯまたはＹＢＣＯ超伝導線で作られ、多数のパンケーキコイルまたはダブルパンケーキコイルで構成される。 Here, the superconducting field coil is located between the protruding poles of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the superconducting field coil is made of BSCCO or YBCO superconducting wire, and has a large number of pans. It consists of a cake coil or a double pancake coil.
超伝導界磁コイルの冷却のために、前述したように、冷媒槽内に超伝導界磁コイルが設置され、液体窒素または液体ネオン等の冷媒を注入して冷却することもでき、本発明では、界磁コイルが停止状態にあるから、極低温冷却機を界磁コイルに直接連結して伝導冷却で界磁コイルを冷却することもできる。 In order to cool the superconducting field coil, as described above, the superconducting field coil is installed in the refrigerant tank, and can be cooled by injecting a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen or liquid neon. Since the field coil is in a stopped state, the cryogenic cooler can be directly connected to the field coil to cool the field coil by conduction cooling.
また、前記ダンパーは前記冷媒槽の外周面の間に高真空で維持可能な強度を有し、非正常運転の際に発生する交流磁場を遮蔽することができるアルミニウムまたは銅合金材質であることができる。 The damper may be made of an aluminum or copper alloy material having a strength that can be maintained in a high vacuum between the outer peripheral surfaces of the refrigerant tank and capable of shielding an alternating magnetic field generated during an abnormal operation. it can.
ここで、前記界磁コイルの外周面と冷媒槽の内周面及び前記冷媒槽の外周面とダンパーの内周面との間には高真空層を設置して冷媒槽への熱浸入を遮断し、冷媒槽の周りに断熱材を多重に設置して放射熱の浸入を遮断するができる。 Here, a high vacuum layer is installed between the outer peripheral surface of the field coil and the inner peripheral surface of the refrigerant tank, and between the outer peripheral surface of the refrigerant tank and the inner peripheral surface of the damper, thereby blocking the heat intrusion into the refrigerant tank. In addition, it is possible to block the intrusion of radiant heat by installing multiple heat insulating materials around the refrigerant tank.
この際、前記ダンパーは高真空を維持するとともに非正常運転の際に発生する電気子コイルからの交流磁場の浸入を遮断する役目もしなければならないので、十分な強度を有するとともに電気伝導性に優れたアルミニウムまたは銅合金を使用することができる。 At this time, the damper must maintain a high vacuum and also serve to block the intrusion of the alternating magnetic field from the electric coil generated during abnormal operation, so that it has sufficient strength and excellent electrical conductivity. Aluminum or copper alloy can be used.
前記のような構成の本発明は、運転中に超伝導界磁コイルが回転しないので、回転界磁型超伝導同期電動機に比べ、超伝導界磁コイルの冷却のための冷却システムの設計が容易で単純になり、電動機の信頼性及び安全性を向上させ、全体システムの体積を減少させる効果がある。 Since the superconducting field coil does not rotate during operation, the present invention configured as described above makes it easier to design a cooling system for cooling the superconducting field coil than a rotating field superconducting synchronous motor. This improves the reliability and safety of the motor and reduces the volume of the entire system.
また、ダンパーが第１誘導子及び第２誘導子の突出極部の間に取り付けられるので、有効空隙が減少し、回転子が磁性材でなるので、起磁力損失が低減して超伝導線材量を減少させることができ、界磁コアによって発生した磁束の経路になるので、超伝導界磁コイルに及ぶ磁場の影響が低減し、よって超伝導界磁コイルで発生することができる磁界による超伝導クエンチ（ｑｕｅｎｃｈ）の影響を低減させることができる効果がある。 Further, since the damper is attached between the protruding pole portions of the first inductor and the second inductor, the effective gap is reduced and the rotor is made of a magnetic material, so that the magnetomotive force loss is reduced and the amount of superconducting wire is reduced. And the magnetic flux path generated by the field core reduces the influence of the magnetic field on the superconducting field coil, thus superconducting by the magnetic field that can be generated by the superconducting field coil. There is an effect that the influence of the quench can be reduced.
また、空隙磁束密度が交番しないので、電動機の体積は増加するが、冷却システムが単純になることによって全体システムの体積が減少し、誘導子数の変化によって電動機の多極化が可能であり、超伝導界磁コイルがシングルパンケーキコイルあるいはダブルパンケーキコイルの形態であるので、巻線作業が容易である効果がある。 Also, since the gap magnetic flux density is not alternating, the volume of the motor increases, but the overall system volume decreases due to the simplification of the cooling system, and the motor can be multipolarized by changing the number of inductors. Since the field coil is in the form of a single pancake coil or a double pancake coil, there is an effect that the winding work is easy.
以下、本発明の好適な実施例を添付図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本発明の好適な実施例として、回転子２００の極数が６で、電気子巻線４００の巻線方式が共心型である単極（Ｈｏｍｏｐｏｌａｒ）型超伝導同期電動機について説明する。
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a homopolar superconducting synchronous motor in which the number of poles of the
一般に、単極型超伝導同期電動機は、電動機の極数と運転周波数に対する同期速度（ｓｙｎｃｈｒｏｎｏｕｓ ｓｐｅｅｄ）で回転する同期機（ｓｙｎｃｈｒｏｎｏｕｓ ｍａｃｈｉｎｅ）であって、運転速度は負荷変動に影響を受けないものを言う。 Generally, a single-pole superconducting synchronous motor is a synchronous machine that rotates at a synchronous speed with respect to the number of poles of the motor and the operating frequency, and the operating speed is not affected by load fluctuations. To tell.
本発明による超伝導同期電動機の主要部の構造及び形状は図１に示されており、図２は本発明による超伝導同期電動機において超伝導界磁コイルと冷媒槽が設置され、極低温冷却機が超伝導界磁コイルに連結されたものを示すものである。 The structure and shape of the main part of the superconducting synchronous motor according to the present invention are shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a superconducting synchronous motor according to the present invention in which a superconducting field coil and a refrigerant tank are installed. Is connected to a superconducting field coil.
図示のように、本発明による超伝導同期電動機は、大別して超伝導界磁コイル１００、回転子２００、固定子（ｓｔａｔｏｒ）３００、電気子巻線（ａｒｍａｔｕｒｅ ｗｉｎｄｉｎｇ）４００及びダンパー５００で構成される。
As shown, the superconducting synchronous motor according to the present invention is roughly composed of a
前記超伝導界磁コイル１００は、テープ形状をしている超伝導線材が巻線されたシングルパンケーキコイルまたはダブルパンケーキコイルの形態に巻線されてなり、所望の磁場及び強度を得るために、前記シングルパンケーキコイルまたはダブルパンケーキコイルを単数または複数積層して形成させる。
The
このようなシングルパンケーキコイルまたはダブルパンケーキコイルを積層して形成した前記超伝導界磁コイル１００を界磁コア２２０と同軸状に結合させる。
The
ここで、前記超伝導線材は、Ｂｉ−２２２３あるいは２世代線材であるＹＢＣＯ高温超伝導線材を使用する。 Here, as the superconducting wire, Bi-2223 or a YBCO high temperature superconducting wire which is a second generation wire is used.
前記超伝導界磁コイル１００は磁性材で形成された二つの誘導子２１０の間に位置することになり、一つの誘導子２１０と一体に形成された界磁コア２２０に同軸状に結合され、前記超伝導界磁コイル１００に直流電源を印加することにより、超伝導界磁コイル１００は直流電源で励磁され、二つの誘導子２１０の一方はＮ極、他方はＳ極になる。
The
前記誘導子２１０は、界磁コア２２０と一体に形成された第１誘導子２１１と、前記第１誘導子２１１に対向するように形成された第２誘導子２１２とから構成され、前記第１誘導子２１１は、界磁コア２２０の一端部から直径方向に突出するように多数の突出極部２１３が形成され、前記第２誘導子２１２もこれに対応するように、多数の突出極部２１３が形成されることにより、回転子２００の極数が六つになる。
The inductor 210 includes a
本発明においては前記突出極部２１３が三つ形成されたものとして示されているが、これに限定されなく、当業界で通常の知識を持った者であれば、前記突出極部２１３の数を適宜選択して装着することができることはもちろんである。
In the present invention, the three protruding
そして、前記回転子２００の外側には鉄心型の固定子３００が形成され、一側に装着された極低温冷却機６００が前記超伝導界磁コイル１００と熱的に互いに連結される。
An iron
そして、前記固定子３００の内周面と回転子２００との間に、より詳細には前記誘導子２１０の外周面との間には共心型に配置され、３相に励磁される電気子巻線４００が形成される。
An electric element which is arranged concentrically between the inner peripheral surface of the
ここで、前記超伝導界磁コイル１００は回転しない状態で、前記誘導子２１０と界磁コア２２０でなる回転子２００の周りに共心型に配置され、３相に励磁される電気子巻線４００によって回転磁界が発生することによって前記回転子２００が回転することになるものである。
Here, the
そして、前記超伝導界磁コイル１００は、運転温度である極低温を維持するために、冷媒槽１１０内に設置され、液体窒素または液体ネオンなどの冷媒のなかで運転温度によって適当な冷媒を選定して冷却する。
The
他の冷却方法として、Ｇ−Ｍ型（Ｇ−Ｍｔｙｐｅ）またはパルスチューブ型（Ｐｕｌｓｅ ｔｕｂｅ Ｔｙｐｅ）などの極低温冷却機６００を停止状態の超伝導界磁コイル１００に直接連結して、伝導冷却方式で前記超伝導界磁コイル１００を冷却することができる。
As another cooling method, a
この場合、運転温度を多様に選定することができる利点があり、特に現在一番経済性にすぐれるものと予測されるＹＢＣＯ ２世代線の場合、運転温度をよほど高めることができると判断されるので、５０Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ前後の運転領域で有効な冷却方法として使用できる。 In this case, there is an advantage that the operation temperature can be selected in various ways. In particular, in the case of the YBCO 2 generation line, which is predicted to be most economical at present, it is judged that the operation temperature can be raised much. Therefore, it can be used as an effective cooling method in the operation region around 50 Kelvin.
前記冷媒槽１１０の外側には、図１（ａ）及び図２に示すように、外部からの熱浸入を遮断するために、１０−５Ｔｏｒｒ程度の真空層１２０を形成し、前記冷媒槽１１０の表面には多重の断熱材、つまり放射力（Ｅｍｉｔｔａｎｃｅ）の極小なアルミニウム薄膜のようなものを取り囲むことで、放射熱を遮断する。
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 2, a
最終に、前記冷媒槽１１０の外側に円筒形状のダンパー５００を取り付け、前記真空層１２０は前記冷媒槽１１０と前記ダンパー５００の内面との間に１０−５Ｔｏｒｒ程度に形成されるものである。
Finally, a
ここで、前記ダンパー５００は、前記電気子巻線４００で発生する交流磁場を遮断させる役目をする。
Here, the
したがって、広い運転速度範囲に対して高トルク及び静トルク出力特性の満足が容易な単極型超伝導同期電動機の特徴を回転界磁型超伝導電動機と比較して説明しようとする。 Therefore, the characteristics of a single-pole superconducting synchronous motor that easily satisfies high torque and static torque output characteristics over a wide operating speed range will be described in comparison with a rotating field superconducting motor.
前記のような構成の単極型超伝導同期電動機は、界磁コイルが固定されて、運転中に超伝導界磁コイルが回転しないので、前記超伝導界磁コイルを冷却させるための冷却装置の構成が容易で単純になる。 The single-pole superconducting synchronous motor configured as described above has a field coil fixed, and the superconducting field coil does not rotate during operation. Therefore, a cooling device for cooling the superconducting field coil Configuration is easy and simple.
そして、ダンパー５００が第１及び第２誘導子２１１、２１２の間に設置されるので、有効空隙が減少し、回転子が磁性材でなるため、起磁力の損失が低減して超伝導線材量が減少し、界磁コア２２０は界磁コイルによって発生した磁束の経路になるので、超伝導界磁コイル１００に及ぶ磁場の影響が低減する。
And since the
したがって、界磁コイル１００で発生し得る磁界による超伝導クエンチ（ｑｕｅｎｃｈ）の影響が低減し、空隙磁束密度が交番しなくて電動機体積は増加するが、冷却システムが単純になり、全体システムの体積は減少することになる。
Therefore, the influence of the superconducting quench due to the magnetic field that can be generated in the
また、回転子が磁性材を用いる鉄心型であるので、機構的安全性が増加し、誘導子数の変化によって電動機の多極化が可能であり、界磁巻線がシングルパンケーキあるいはダブルパンケーキ形態であるので、巻線作業を容易に実施することができることになるものである。 In addition, since the rotor is an iron core type using a magnetic material, the mechanical safety is increased, the motor can be multipolarized by changing the number of inductors, and the field winding is in the form of a single pancake or double pancake Therefore, the winding work can be easily performed.
本発明は、同一容量で要求される超伝導線の量を最小化する超伝導電動機／発電機に使用される超伝導界磁コイルに適用可能である。 The present invention is applicable to superconducting field coils used in superconducting motors / generators that minimize the amount of superconducting wire required with the same capacity.
１００ 超伝導界磁コイル
１１０ 冷媒槽
１２０ 真空層
２００ 回転子
２１０ 誘導子
２１１ 第１誘導子
２１２ 第２誘導子
２１３ 突出極部
２２０ 界磁コア
２３０ シャフト
３００ 固定子
４００ 電気子巻線
５００ ダンパー
６００ 極低温冷却機
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
前記超伝導界磁コイル及び冷媒槽の両端にそれぞれ位置する回転子；
前記回転子外側に形成された鉄心型の固定子；及び
前記固定子の内表面に形成され、前記誘導子を取り囲むように形成され、３相に励磁される共心型の電気子巻線；を含み、
前記超伝導界磁コイルは、
前記超伝導界磁コイル及び冷媒槽を取り囲むように形成され、前記回転子からの放射熱と前記電気子巻線で発生する交流磁場を遮断させるダンパーをさらに含み、
前記冷媒槽の周りは放射熱浸入の遮断のための多重の断熱材で取り囲まれ、前記冷媒槽とダンパーの間には真空層が形成されることを特徴とする、超伝導同期電動機。A superconducting field coil that generates a DC magnetic field is installed in a refrigerant tank that contains liquid nitrogen or liquid neon, which is a cryogenic refrigerant, and is directly connected to a cryogenic cooler and cooled by a conduction cooling method. field coil is made of a superconducting wire which does not rotate during operation, a superconducting synchronous motor,
Rotors respectively located at both ends of the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant tank;
An iron core type stator formed outside the rotor; and
A concentric electric coil formed on an inner surface of the stator, formed to surround the inductor, and excited in three phases;
The superconducting field coil is
A damper that is formed so as to surround the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant tank, and that cuts off a radiant heat from the rotor and an AC magnetic field generated by the electric element winding;
The superconducting synchronous motor is characterized in that the refrigerant tank is surrounded by a plurality of heat insulating materials for blocking radiation heat intrusion, and a vacuum layer is formed between the refrigerant tank and the damper .
前記超伝導界磁コイルの両端にそれぞれ位置し、磁性材でなった鉄心型の誘導子、前記超伝導界磁コイルの中心部に結合される界磁コア、及び前記誘導子及び界磁コアに同軸状に結合されて軸回転するシャフトでなる回転子と；
前記回転子の外側に形成された鉄心型の固定子と；
前記固定子の内表面に前記誘導子を取り囲むように形成され、３相に励磁される共心型の電気子巻線と；
前記超伝導界磁コイルを取り囲むように形成され、前記回転子からの放射熱と前記電気子巻線で発生する交流磁場を遮断させるダンパーと；を含んでなり、
前記超伝導界磁コイルは、極低温冷媒である液体窒素または液体ネオンを収容するとともに極低温冷却機と直結されて、伝導冷却方式で冷却させる冷媒槽内に設置され、
前記冷媒槽の周りは放射熱浸入の遮断のための多重の断熱材で取り囲まれ、前記冷媒槽とダンパーの間には真空層が形成されることを特徴とする、超伝導同期電動機。A superconducting field coil comprising a single pancake coil or a double pancake coil wound with a superconducting wire that does not rotate during operation, and exciting a DC power source;
An iron core type inductor made of a magnetic material, positioned at both ends of the superconducting field coil, a field core coupled to a central portion of the superconducting field coil, and the inductor and the field core A rotor consisting of a shaft coupled coaxially and rotating about its axis;
An iron core type stator formed on the outside of the rotor;
A concentric electric coil formed on the inner surface of the stator so as to surround the inductor and excited in three phases;
A damper that is formed to surround the superconducting field coil, and that cuts off the radiant heat from the rotor and the alternating magnetic field generated by the electric winding,
The superconducting field coil accommodates liquid nitrogen or liquid neon which is a cryogenic refrigerant and is directly connected to a cryogenic cooler, and is installed in a refrigerant tank to be cooled by a conduction cooling method,
The superconducting synchronous motor is characterized in that the refrigerant tank is surrounded by a plurality of heat insulating materials for blocking radiation heat intrusion, and a vacuum layer is formed between the refrigerant tank and the damper.
前記界磁コアと一体に形成され、前記界磁コアの一端部から直径方向に突出するように多数の突出極部が形成された第１誘導子；及び
前記第１誘導子と対向し、多数の突出極部が形成された第２誘導子；を含んでなることを特徴とする、請求項２に記載の超伝導同期電動機。The inductor is
A first inductor formed integrally with the field core and formed with a plurality of projecting poles so as to project in a diametrical direction from one end of the field core; The superconducting synchronous motor according to claim 2 , further comprising: a second inductor having a protruding pole portion formed thereon.
前記第１誘導子と第２誘導子の突出極部の間に形成されることを特徴とする、請求項３に記載の超伝導同期電動機。The superconducting field coil is
The superconducting synchronous motor according to claim 3 , wherein the superconducting synchronous motor is formed between projecting pole portions of the first inductor and the second inductor.
前記冷媒槽の外側に高真空で維持可能な強度を有し、非正常運転の際に発生する交流磁場を遮蔽することができるアルミニウムまたは銅合金材質であることを特徴とする、請求項２に記載の超伝導同期電動機。The damper is
3. The aluminum or copper alloy material according to claim 2 , which has a strength that can be maintained at a high vacuum outside the refrigerant tank and can shield an alternating magnetic field generated during an abnormal operation. The superconducting synchronous motor described.
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| KR1020070099338A KR100888030B1 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2007-10-02 | Superconducting synchronous machine |
| KR10-2007-0099338 | 2007-10-02 | ||
| PCT/KR2008/005759 WO2009045038A2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2008-10-01 | Superconducting synchronous machine |
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| DE102011056008A1 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Oswald Elektromotoren Gmbh | Electric machine |
| KR101344164B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-12-20 | 두산엔진주식회사 | Super conducting elecreic power generation system and method for controlling thereof |
| KR20140050169A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-29 | 제주대학교 산학협력단 | Wind generator with superconducting generator and cooler of none coupling type |
| KR101372822B1 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-03-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | Apparatus for cooling superconductivity wind-turbine and method for cooling thereof |
| KR101392949B1 (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-05-09 | 강경숙 | Electric motor with mixed generator |
| CN110868042B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-01-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Scheme of high-rotating-speed high-power-density airborne full-superconducting generator |
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