JP5034666B2 - Method for measuring the tangential force acting between the rail and wheels of a railway vehicle - Google Patents

Method for measuring the tangential force acting between the rail and wheels of a railway vehicle Download PDF

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JP5034666B2
JP5034666B2 JP2007127303A JP2007127303A JP5034666B2 JP 5034666 B2 JP5034666 B2 JP 5034666B2 JP 2007127303 A JP2007127303 A JP 2007127303A JP 2007127303 A JP2007127303 A JP 2007127303A JP 5034666 B2 JP5034666 B2 JP 5034666B2
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tangential force
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JP2008233062A (en
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嘉之 下川
與志 佐藤
真行 岡野
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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本発明は、車輪とレール間に作用する前後方向の荷重すなわち接線力を、鉄道車両の走行中に測定する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for measuring a longitudinal load, that is, a tangential force , acting between a wheel and a rail while the railway vehicle is traveling.

車輪と車軸が一体の輪軸を備えた台車では、曲線区間を通過する際に、後軸の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力は、台車をヨー方向に回転する力が発生して先頭軸外軌側の横圧を増加させる方向に作用する。
「後軸に独立車輪を用いた非対称台車の運動性能に関する基礎研究」技術誌住友金属 Vol.50 No.3(1998)、p4〜8
In a cart with wheels and axles integrated with the wheel, the tangential force acting between the rear wheel and the rail when passing through the curved section generates a force that rotates the cart in the yaw direction. Acts in the direction of increasing lateral pressure on the rail side.
“Fundamental study on kinematic performance of asymmetric truck using independent wheel on rear axle” Technical Journal Sumitomo Metals Vol.50 No.3 (1998), p4-8

前記横圧が増加すると、曲線区間を通過する際に脱線しやすくなるので、鉄道車両とレール間に作用する荷重のうち、前記接線力を測定することは、鉄道車両の曲線通過性能を向上するうえで大変有用である。   If the lateral pressure increases, derailment easily occurs when passing through a curved section, so measuring the tangential force among the loads acting between the railway vehicle and the rail improves the curve passing performance of the railway vehicle. It is very useful.

この接線力の測定において、モノリンク式軸箱支持装置を備えた台車では、たとえば特許文献1で開示されているように、軸箱と台車間の前後荷重を測定することによって容易に求めることができる。
特開2006−188208号公報
In the measurement of the tangential force, the cart provided with the monolink type axle box support device can be easily obtained by measuring the longitudinal load between the axle box and the carriage, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. it can.
JP 2006-188208 A

しかしながら、例えば軸はり式軸箱支持装置を備えた台車の場合、軸はり部には台車と軸箱の前後荷重と左右荷重の両方が作用するので、軸はりと台車間の前後荷重を正確に測定することは困難である。   However, for example, in the case of a carriage equipped with a shaft beam type axle box support device, both the longitudinal load and the left and right loads of the carriage and the axle box act on the axle beam portion, so the longitudinal load between the axle beam and the carriage is accurately measured. It is difficult to measure.

また、ウイング式軸箱支持装置を備えた台車や、支持板式軸箱支持装置を備えた台車の場合も同様に、軸箱と台車間の前後荷重を正確に測定することは困難である。   Similarly, in the case of a cart provided with a wing-type axle box support device and a carriage provided with a support plate-type axle box support device, it is difficult to accurately measure the longitudinal load between the axle box and the cart.

一方、鉄道車両では、横圧/輪重(Q/P)を脱線係数と定義し、この脱線係数を用いて車両の脱線に対する安全性を評価している。この脱線係数は、通常、PQ輪軸を用いて、走行中の車輪の歪みから車輪とレール間に作用する輪重と横圧を測定して求めていた。   On the other hand, in a railway vehicle, lateral pressure / wheel load (Q / P) is defined as a derailment coefficient, and the safety against derailment of the vehicle is evaluated using this derailment coefficient. The derailment coefficient is usually obtained by measuring the wheel load and lateral pressure acting between the wheel and the rail from the distortion of the running wheel using the PQ wheel shaft.

このPQ輪軸を用いた測定では、車輪の曲げ歪みを測定することで、左右方向の荷重である横圧を、また半径方向の圧縮歪みを測定することで、垂直方向の荷重である輪重を求めているが、前後方向の荷重である接線力を測定することはできない。   In this measurement using the PQ wheel axle, the lateral strain, which is a lateral load, is measured by measuring the bending strain of the wheel, and the wheel load, which is a vertical load, is measured by measuring the radial compressive strain. Although sought, the tangential force that is the load in the front-rear direction cannot be measured.

そのため、車輪とレール間に作用する接線力を測定するためには、通常のPQ輪軸に、さらに接線力を測定するための歪みゲージブリッジを設ける必要があった。
「脱線メカニズムの解明に向けた車輪・レール間接触位置連続測定装置の開発」JR EAST Technical Review-No.3、p29〜34
Therefore, in order to measure the tangential force acting between the wheel and the rail, it is necessary to provide a strain gauge bridge for measuring the tangential force on a normal PQ wheel shaft.
“Development of a wheel / rail contact position continuous measurement device for elucidation of derailment mechanism” JR EAST Technical Review-No.3, p29-34

本発明が解決しようとする問題点は、従来の接線力測定では、通常のPQ輪軸に、さらに接線力を測定するための歪みゲージブリッジを設ける必要があったという点である。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in the conventional tangential force measurement, it is necessary to provide a strain gauge bridge for measuring the tangential force on a normal PQ wheel shaft.

本発明は、PQ輪軸に、接線力を測定するための歪みゲージブリッジを新たに設けることなく、車輪とレール間に作用する接線力を精度良く測定するために、以下の構成を採用している。   The present invention employs the following configuration in order to accurately measure the tangential force acting between the wheel and the rail without newly providing a strain gauge bridge for measuring the tangential force on the PQ wheel shaft. .

すなわち、本発明の鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法は、
PQ輪軸を用いてレールと車輪間のレール方向の接線力を測定する方法であって、
車輪の半径方向歪みを検出する輪重測定用歪みゲージにより、走行中における歪みを測定し、
これらの歪みと、
予め定めておいた輪重測定用歪みゲージの配置位置における歪みと接線力との関係から、
走行中のPQ輪軸に作用する接線力を求めることを最も主要な特徴としている。
That is, the measuring method of the tangential force acting between the wheel and the rail of the railway vehicle of the present invention,
A method of measuring a tangential force in the rail direction between a rail and a wheel using a PQ wheel shaft,
With the strain gauge for wheel weight measurement that detects the radial strain of the wheel, the strain during running is measured,
With these distortions,
From the relationship between the strain and tangential force at the predetermined position of the strain gauge for wheel load measurement,
The most important feature is to obtain a tangential force acting on the traveling PQ wheel shaft.

そして、本発明の鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法では
前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
前記輪重測定用歪みゲージを用い、
PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときの歪みゲージの荷重点に対する相対位置ごとの歪みと、
PQ輪軸に接線力のみが作用したときの歪みゲージの荷重点に対する相対位置ごとの歪みを比較して決定する。
And in the measuring method of the tangential force acting between the wheel and rail of the railway vehicle of the present invention,
Strain gauge of the relative position location with respect to the load point that have a relationship between the distortion and the tangential force to be used in determining said tangential force,
Using the strain gauge for measuring wheel load,
And distortion for each relative position location with respect to the load point of the strain gauge when only the wheel load is applied to PQ wheel shaft,
Only the tangential force PQ wheel axis that determine by comparing the distortion of each relative position location with respect to the load point of the strain gauge when the action.

その際、前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
前記PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが変化しない部分か
またはPQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが生じない部分の何れかとする。
At that time, the strain gauge relative position location with respect to the load point that have a relationship between the distortion and the tangential force to be used in determining said tangential force,
Only wheel load on the PQ wheel shaft divided parts distortion does not change when the applied,
Or with any of the parts component distortion does not occur when only the wheel load is applied to PQ axle.

そして、前記PQ輪軸におけるブリッジ結線が連続法によるものである場合は、And when the bridge connection in the PQ wheel shaft is by the continuous method,
前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、The strain gauge relative to the load point having a relationship between strain and tangential force used when obtaining the tangential force is:
車輪の荷重点を0°(360°)とした場合に、When the load point of the wheel is 0 ° (360 °),
90°〜135°の間、または270°〜315°の間に位置するものである。It is located between 90 ° and 135 °, or between 270 ° and 315 °.

また、前記PQ輪軸におけるブリッジ結線が間欠法によるものである場合は、In addition, when the bridge connection on the PQ wheel shaft is based on the intermittent method,
前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、The strain gauge relative to the load point having a relationship between strain and tangential force used when obtaining the tangential force is:
車輪の荷重点を0°(360°)とした場合に、When the load point of the wheel is 0 ° (360 °),
90°又は270°に位置するものである。It is located at 90 ° or 270 °.

本発明では、測定点数を増加させることなく、通常のPQ輪軸の輪重測定用歪みゲージ出力から、曲線通過性能向上、高速走行性能向上、加速減速性能向上のために必要な、車輪とレール間に作用する接線力を、輪重や横圧と共に走行中に実測することができる。   In the present invention, without increasing the number of measurement points, from the strain gauge output for measuring the weight of a normal PQ axle, it is necessary to improve the curve passing performance, the high-speed traveling performance, and the acceleration / deceleration performance. The tangential force acting on the vehicle can be measured while traveling together with the wheel load and lateral pressure.

また本発明では、接線力測定用のゲージブリッジを用いていないので、過去のPQ測定結果についても、輪重データを再生することで、接線力を再生することができる。さらに本発明では、輪重測定ゲージの出力から、曲線通過時の車軸ねじり歪みを測定することもできる。   In the present invention, since the gauge bridge for measuring the tangential force is not used, the tangential force can be reproduced by reproducing the wheel load data for the past PQ measurement results. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is also possible to measure the torsional distortion of the axle when passing the curve from the output of the wheel load measurement gauge.

以下、本発明の成立に至る新しい着想と、着想から課題解決に至るまでの経過と共に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を、添付図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, along with a new idea leading to the establishment of the present invention and the progress from the idea to the solution of the problem.

PQ輪軸を用いて輪重を測定する場合、輪重測定値は、車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の影響を受けるので、従来は、非特許文献3に示されるように、接線力の影響を除去している。
「車輪・レール間の力を測る―新しい輪重,横圧,脱線係数の連続測定装置―」RRR 2003.2、p22〜25
When the wheel load is measured using the PQ wheel shaft, the wheel load measurement value is affected by the tangential force acting between the wheel and the rail. Therefore, as shown in Non-Patent Document 3, conventionally, the influence of the tangential force is exerted. Has been removed.
"Measuring the force between wheels and rails-New measuring device for new wheel load, lateral pressure and derailment coefficient-" RRR 2003.2, p22-25

この非特許文献3では、車輪とレール間に作用する輪重と横圧を測定するため、PQ輪軸に予め輪重、横圧、接線力を負荷し、荷重負荷位置における作用力と、車輪に貼り付けた歪みゲージの歪み出力の関係を求めている。   In this Non-Patent Document 3, in order to measure the wheel load and lateral pressure acting between the wheel and the rail, the wheel load, the lateral pressure and the tangential force are loaded on the PQ wheel shaft in advance, and the acting force at the load load position and the wheel are loaded. The relationship of the strain output of the attached strain gauge is obtained.

そして、車輪に貼り付けた複数の歪みゲージの出力に対してブリッジを組み、輪重出力を得るようにしている。その際、輪重の測定精度を悪化させないように、接線力の影響を排除するようにしている。   A bridge is assembled to the outputs of the plurality of strain gauges attached to the wheels so as to obtain a wheel load output. At that time, the influence of the tangential force is eliminated so as not to deteriorate the measurement accuracy of the wheel load.

このような従来方法に対して、発明者等は、輪重測定用に貼り付けた歪みゲージのブリッジに対し、非特許文献3と同様に接線力を負荷して荷重と歪みの関係を求めたところ、以下に示すような結果が得られた。   In contrast to such conventional methods, the inventors applied a tangential force to the strain gauge bridge attached for wheel load measurement in the same manner as in Non-Patent Document 3 to obtain the relationship between load and strain. However, the following results were obtained.

PQ輪軸の車輪(外径が860mmの一体車輪)の側面8箇所に歪みゲージを貼り付け、輪重が作用した場合と、接線力が作用した場合の車輪の半径方向歪み(μ)を有限要素法(FEM)によって解析した。その結果を下記表1、2と、図1、2に示す。   Strain gauges are affixed to 8 side faces of a PQ wheel (an integrated wheel with an outer diameter of 860 mm), and the radial strain (μ) of the wheel when a wheel load is applied and when a tangential force is applied is a finite element. Analysis by the method (FEM). The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGS.

なお、下記表1及び図1は輪重が作用した場合の結果、表2及び図2は接線力が作用した場合の結果を示し、接線力が作用した場合のFEM解析モデルを図3に示す。また、歪みゲージの貼り付け位置の名称をイ〜チ(図4(a)参照)、測定時における荷重点LPからの位置を0°〜360°(図4(b)参照)と定義する。   Table 1 and FIG. 1 below show the results when the wheel load acts, Tables 2 and 2 show the results when the tangential force acts, and FIG. 3 shows the FEM analysis model when the tangential force acts. . Further, the name of the position where the strain gauge is attached is defined as ichi (see FIG. 4A), and the position from the load point LP at the time of measurement is defined as 0 ° to 360 ° (see FIG. 4B).

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ところで、PQ輪軸を用いて輪重、横圧、接線力を測定する場合、非特許文献3に記載されているように、連続法、新連続法と間欠法がある。   By the way, when measuring wheel load, lateral pressure, and tangential force using a PQ wheel shaft, as described in Non-Patent Document 3, there are a continuous method, a new continuous method, and an intermittent method.

これらの方法におけるブリッジの組み方を図5〜7に示すが、10kNの接線力が作用した場合における連続法、新連続法と間欠法による歪み出力は図8に示す通りである。一方、軸重が100kN(輪重が50kN)の場合における連続法、新連続法と間欠法による歪み出力は図9に示す通りになる。   FIGS. 5 to 7 show how the bridges are assembled in these methods, and the distortion output by the continuous method, the new continuous method and the intermittent method when a tangential force of 10 kN is applied is as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the distortion output by the continuous method, the new continuous method and the intermittent method when the axle load is 100 kN (the wheel load is 50 kN) is as shown in FIG.

なお、図4(a)に示した貼り付け位置の定義を用いた場合、連続法では、{(イ+ロ+ハ+ニ)−(ホ+ヘ+ト+チ)}/8で、新連続法では、{(イ+ロ)−(ホ+ヘ)}/4で、間欠法では、(イ−ホ)/2で歪み出力を表すことができる。   When the definition of the pasting position shown in FIG. 4A is used, in the continuous method, {(I + B + H + D)-(E + H + G + H)} / 8 In the continuous method, the distortion output can be represented by {(I + B)-(E + F)} / 4, and in the intermittent method, (E-E) / 2.

この図8及び図9から以下のことが分かる。
(連続法の場合)
図4(b)に示した荷重点LPから90°〜135°及び270°〜315°の位置では、輪重による歪み出力は同一であるが、接線力荷重による歪みは変化している。従って、90〜135゜又は270〜315゜の位置で車輪歪みの変化が測定された場合は、接線力による車輪歪みである。
The following can be understood from FIG. 8 and FIG.
(Continuous method)
At positions 90 ° to 135 ° and 270 ° to 315 ° from the load point LP shown in FIG. 4B, the strain output due to the wheel load is the same, but the strain due to the tangential force load changes. Therefore, if a change in wheel strain is measured at a position of 90 to 135 ° or 270 to 315 °, it is a wheel strain due to a tangential force.

(新連続法の場合)
同様に荷重点LPから135°〜180°及び315°〜360°の位置では、輪重による歪み出力は同一であるが、接線力荷重による歪みは変化している。従って、135゜〜180゜又は315゜〜360゜の位置で車輪歪みの変化が測定された場合は、接線力による車輪歪みである。
(In the case of the new continuous method)
Similarly, at positions 135 ° to 180 ° and 315 ° to 360 ° from the load point LP, the strain output due to the wheel load is the same, but the strain due to the tangential force load changes. Therefore, when a change in wheel distortion is measured at a position of 135 ° to 180 ° or 315 ° to 360 °, it is a wheel distortion due to a tangential force.

(間欠法の場合)
同様に荷重点LPから90°及び270°の位置で輪重による歪みは0になる。従って、90゜又は270゜の位置で車輪歪みが測定された場合は、接線力による車輪歪みである。
(In the case of intermittent method)
Similarly, the strain due to wheel load becomes 0 at 90 ° and 270 ° from the load point LP. Therefore, when the wheel strain is measured at a position of 90 ° or 270 °, it is a wheel strain due to a tangential force.

次に、50kNの垂直荷重を作用させた時に、同時に10kN、20kN、30kNの接線力が作用した場合の歪み出力例を調査した。その結果を図10〜12に示す。図10は連続法による場合、図11は新連続法による場合、図12は間欠法による場合の結果である。   Next, an example of distortion output when a tangential force of 10 kN, 20 kN, and 30 kN was simultaneously applied when a vertical load of 50 kN was applied was investigated. The results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 10 shows the result of the continuous method, FIG. 11 shows the result of the new continuous method, and FIG. 12 shows the result of the intermittent method.

これら図10〜12のうち、図10で示した連続法による場合において、接線力による車輪歪みを測定することができる、90°〜135°間における歪み変化と負荷した接線力との関係を図13に示す。   Of these FIGS. 10 to 12, in the case of the continuous method shown in FIG. 10, the wheel distortion due to the tangential force can be measured, and the relationship between the strain change between 90 ° and 135 ° and the loaded tangential force is illustrated. It is shown in FIG.

この図13より、例えば連続法の場合には、荷重点LPから90°〜135°の間では、負荷した接線力と測定された車輪歪み変化との間には、一定の相関関係を有することが分かる。   From FIG. 13, for example, in the case of the continuous method, between 90 ° and 135 ° from the load point LP, there is a certain correlation between the applied tangential force and the measured wheel strain change. I understand.

なお、図示省略したが、新連続法や間欠法による場合も、接線力による車輪歪みを測定することができる荷重点に対する相対位置における車輪歪みと負荷した接線力の間には、連続法の場合と同様の一定の相関関係を有することは言うまでもない。 Although not shown, it may be due new continuous method or an intermittent method, during tangential force loaded with wheels distortion in the relative position location for the load point that can be measured wheel distortion due tangential force is a continuous process Needless to say, it has a certain correlation as in the case of.

また、曲線通過時の接線力は車軸ねじり歪みから求めることができるので、発明者等は、車軸ねじりから求めた接線力と、連続法で測定した輪重波形から求めた曲線通過時の接線力を比較した。なお、車軸ねじりは、図14(a)(b)に示すように、車軸1に歪みゲージ2a〜2dを貼り付け、(c)図に示す組み方のブリッジで曲線通過時の歪みを実測した。   In addition, since the tangential force at the time of passing through the curve can be obtained from the axle torsional distortion, the inventors have determined that the tangential force at the time of passing through the curve obtained from the tangential force obtained from the axle torsion and the wheel load waveform measured by the continuous method Compared. As for axle torsion, strain gauges 2a to 2d were attached to axle 1 as shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), and the strain at the time of passing a curve was actually measured with a bridge as shown in FIG. 14 (c).

その結果を図15に示すが、両者とも実用の範囲内でよく一致していることが分かる。このことから、車輪の接線力を測定した結果に基づいて、車軸ねじりも測定できることが分かる。   The result is shown in FIG. 15, and it can be seen that both agree well within the practical range. This shows that the torsion of the axle can also be measured based on the result of measuring the tangential force of the wheel.

発明者等は、以上の解析結果等に基づき、接線力測定用のゲージブリッジを使用しなくても、輪重測定のための歪みゲージを用いて測定した輪重波形から、輪重が接線力測定に与える影響を除去することで、接線力や車軸ねじりを測定できることを見出し、以下の本発明方法を成立させた。   Based on the above analysis results, the inventors have determined that the wheel load is a tangential force from the wheel load waveform measured using a strain gauge for wheel load measurement without using a gauge bridge for tangential force measurement. The inventors have found that tangential force and axle torsion can be measured by removing the influence on measurement, and the following method of the present invention has been established.

すなわち、本発明の鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法は、
車輪の半径方向歪みを検出する輪重測定用歪みゲージにより、走行中における歪みを測定し、
これらの歪みと、
予め定めておいた輪重測定用歪みゲージの配置位置における歪みと接線力との関係から、
走行中のPQ輪軸に作用する接線力を求めるものである。
That is, the measuring method of the tangential force acting between the wheel and the rail of the railway vehicle of the present invention,
With the strain gauge for wheel weight measurement that detects the radial strain of the wheel, the strain during running is measured,
With these distortions,
From the relationship between the strain and tangential force at the predetermined position of the strain gauge for wheel load measurement,
The tangential force acting on the traveling PQ wheel shaft is obtained.

そして、前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
前記輪重測定用歪みゲージを用い、
PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときの歪みゲージの荷重点に対する相対位置ごとの歪みと、
PQ輪軸に接線力のみが作用したときの歪みゲージの荷重点に対する相対位置ごとの歪みを比較して決定する。
The strain gauge of the relative position location with respect to the load point that have a relationship between the distortion and the tangential force to be used in determining said tangential force,
Using the strain gauge for measuring wheel load,
And distortion for each relative position location with respect to the load point of the strain gauge when only the wheel load is applied to PQ wheel shaft,
Only the tangential force PQ wheel axis that determine by comparing the distortion of each relative position location with respect to the load point of the strain gauge when the action.

具体的には、前記PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが変化しない部分か、またはPQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが生じない部分の何れかに位置するものとする。 Specifically, those located either distorted parts component does not occur when only the wheel load in the only wheel load on the PQ wheel axis divided parts distortion does not change when applied, or PQ axle acts And

例えば前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
車輪の荷重点を0°(360°)とした場合に、
1) PQ輪軸におけるブリッジ結線が連続法によるものである場合は、90°〜135°の間、または270°〜315°の間に位置するもの。
2) 前記ブリッジ結線が新連続法によるものである場合は、135°〜180°の間、または315°〜360°の間に位置するもの。
3) 前記ブリッジ結線が間欠法によるものである場合は、90°又は270°に位置するもの。
を使用するのである。
For example strain gauges relative position location with respect to the load point that have a relationship between the distortion and the tangential force to be used in determining said tangential force,
When the load point of the wheel is 0 ° (360 °),
1) If the bridge connection in the PQ wheel axis is due to the continuous process, those located between 90 ° between to 135 ° or 270 ° to 315 °,.
2) if the bridge connection is by the new continuous process, those located between between 135 ° to 180 ° or 315 ° to 360 °,.
3) If the bridge connection is by intermittent method, those located in the 90 ° or 270 °.
Is used.

また、本発明の鉄道車両用輪軸の車軸ねじり測定方法は、
前記何れかに記載の本発明方法で測定した接線力を用いて、PQ輪軸に作用する車軸ねじりを求めることを最も主要な特徴としている。
Further, the axle torsion measuring method for the railway vehicle axle according to the present invention includes:
The main feature is to determine the torsion of the axle acting on the PQ wheel shaft using the tangential force measured by the method of the present invention described above.

上記本発明方法では、輪重測定用の歪みゲージの出力を用いて接線力や車軸ねじりを求める。その際、本発明方法の車輪歪みと接線力の関係を得る方法としては、車輪実態に静的に荷重を負荷するのが望ましいが、FEM解析結果を使用しても良い。   In the method of the present invention, the tangential force and axle torsion are obtained using the output of the strain gauge for wheel load measurement. At this time, as a method for obtaining the relationship between the wheel distortion and the tangential force in the method of the present invention, it is desirable to apply a load to the actual state of the wheel, but the FEM analysis result may be used.

また、前記何れかに記載の本発明方法で測定した接線力を用い、PQ輪軸に作用する輪重を前記接線力と同時に測定することもできることは言うまでもない。これが、本発明の鉄道車両の輪重測定方法である。   It goes without saying that the wheel load acting on the PQ wheel shaft can be measured simultaneously with the tangential force using the tangential force measured by the method of the present invention described above. This is the wheel load measuring method for a railway vehicle of the present invention.

以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に示された技術的思想の範疇内であれば、適宜変更可能なことは言うまでもない。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these exemplifications, and can be changed as appropriate within the scope of the technical idea shown in the claims. Needless to say.

本発明は、上記の例に示した車輪と車軸が一体の輪軸を備えた台車のみならず、独立した左右の輪軸を組み立てて、一つの輪軸として使用する独立車輪を備えた台車にも適用できる。   The present invention can be applied not only to a cart provided with a wheel shaft in which the wheel and the axle are integrated in the above example, but also to a cart provided with independent wheels used as a single wheel shaft by assembling independent left and right wheel shafts. .

外径が860mmの一体車輪に20kN、40kN、60kNの輪重が作用した場合の車輪半径方向歪みを示す図である。It is a figure which shows a wheel radial direction distortion when the wheel weight of 20 kN, 40 kN, and 60 kN acts on the integral wheel whose outer diameter is 860 mm. 外径が860mmの一体車輪に10kN、20kN、30kNの接線力が作用した場合の図1と同様の図である。FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 when a tangential force of 10 kN, 20 kN, and 30 kN is applied to an integrated wheel having an outer diameter of 860 mm. 接線力が作用した場合のFEM解析モデルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows a FEM analysis model when a tangential force acts. (a)は歪みゲージの貼り付け位置の名称を定義する図、(b)は測定時における荷重点LPからの位置を定義する図である。(A) is a figure which defines the name of the sticking position of a strain gauge, (b) is a figure which defines the position from the load point LP at the time of measurement. 連続法におけるブリッジの組み方を説明する図で、(a)は歪みゲージの貼り付け位置を説明する車輪の側面から見た図、(b)は(a)図の中央縦断面図、(c)は輪重を測定する場合のブリッジを示す図、(d)は横圧を測定する場合のブリッジを示す図である。It is a figure explaining how to assemble a bridge in a continuous method, (a) is a figure seen from the side of a wheel explaining affixing position of a strain gauge, (b) is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view of (a) figure, (c). Is a diagram showing a bridge when measuring the wheel load, (d) is a diagram showing the bridge when measuring the lateral pressure. 新連続法におけるブリッジの組み方を説明する図5と同様の図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 5 explaining how to assemble the bridge in the new continuous method. 間欠法におけるブリッジの組み方を説明する図5と同様の図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 5 explaining how to assemble the bridge in the intermittent method. 10kNの接線力が作用した場合における連続法、新連続法と間欠法による歪み出力を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the distortion output by a continuous method, a new continuous method, and an intermittent method in case the tangential force of 10 kN acts. 軸重が100kN(輪重が50kN)の場合における連続法、新連続法と間欠法による歪み出力は示す図である。It is a figure which shows the distortion output by a continuous method, a new continuous method, and an intermittent method in case axle load is 100 kN (wheel load is 50 kN). 50kNの垂直荷重を作用させた時に、同時に10kN、20kN、30kNの接線力が作用した場合の連続法による歪み出力例を調査した結果を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the result of having investigated the distortion output example by the continuous method when the tangential force of 10 kN, 20 kN, and 30 kN acted simultaneously when the 50 kN vertical load was made to act. 新連続法による場合の図10と同様の図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 10 in the case of a new continuous method. 間欠法による場合の図10と同様の図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 10 in the case of an intermittent method. 図10で示した連続法による場合における接線力負荷時の、90°〜135°間の歪み変化と接線力との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the distortion change between 90 degrees-135 degrees, and a tangential force at the time of the tangential force load in the case of the continuous method shown in FIG. (a)(b)は車軸ねじりを計測する際の歪みゲージを貼り付け位置を説明する図、(c)はブリッジの組み方を示した図である。(A) (b) is a figure explaining the attachment position of the strain gauge at the time of measuring axle torsion, (c) is the figure which showed how to assemble a bridge. 車軸ねじりから求めた接線力と、連続法で測定した輪重波形から求めた曲線通過時の接線力を比較した結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the result of having compared the tangential force calculated | required from the axle twist and the tangential force at the time of the curve passage calculated | required from the wheel load waveform measured by the continuous method.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 車軸
2 歪みゲージ
1 Axle 2 Strain gauge

Claims (2)

PQ輪軸を用いてレールと車輪間のレール方向の接線力を測定するに際し
車輪の半径方向歪みを検出する輪重測定用歪みゲージにより、走行中における歪みを測定し、
これらの歪みと、
前記PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが変化しない部分か、またはPQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが生じない部分の何れかの位置の輪重測定用歪みゲージの歪みを比較して予め定めておいた輪重測定用歪みゲージの配置位置における歪みと接線力との関係から、
走行中のPQ輪軸に作用する接線力を求める鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法であって、
前記PQ輪軸におけるブリッジ結線が連続法によるものである場合、
前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
車輪の荷重点を0°(360°)とした場合に、
90°〜135°の間、または270°〜315°の間に位置するものであることを特徴とする鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法。
Upon measuring the rail direction tangential force between the rail and wheel with the PQ axle,
With the strain gauge for wheel weight measurement that detects the radial strain of the wheel, the strain during running is measured,
With these distortions,
Distortion of the strain gauge for measuring the wheel load at a position where either the strain does not change when only the wheel weight acts on the PQ wheel shaft or the portion where the strain does not occur when only the wheel weight acts on the PQ wheel shaft From the relationship between the strain and the tangential force at the placement position of the strain gauge for measuring wheel load, which has been determined in advance,
A method for measuring a tangential force acting between a wheel of a railway vehicle and a rail to obtain a tangential force acting on a traveling PQ wheel shaft ,
When the bridge connection in the PQ wheel shaft is by a continuous method,
The strain gauge relative to the load point having a relationship between strain and tangential force used when obtaining the tangential force is:
When the load point of the wheel is 0 ° (360 °),
A method for measuring a tangential force acting between a wheel and a rail of a railway vehicle, which is located between 90 ° and 135 °, or between 270 ° and 315 ° .
PQ輪軸を用いてレールと車輪間のレール方向の接線力を測定するに際し、
車輪の半径方向歪みを検出する輪重測定用歪みゲージにより、走行中における歪みを測定し、
これらの歪みと、
前記PQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが変化しない部分か、またはPQ輪軸に輪重のみが作用したときに歪みが生じない部分の何れかの位置の輪重測定用歪みゲージの歪みを比較して予め定めておいた輪重測定用歪みゲージの配置位置における歪みと接線力との関係から、
走行中のPQ輪軸に作用する接線力を求める鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法であって、
前記PQ輪軸におけるブリッジ結線が間欠法によるものである場合、
前記接線力を求める際に使用する歪みと接線力との関係を有する荷重点に対する相対位置の歪みゲージは、
車輪の荷重点を0°(360°)とした場合に、
90°又は270°に位置するものであることを特徴とする鉄道車両の車輪とレール間に作用する接線力の測定方法。
When measuring the tangential force in the rail direction between the rail and the wheel using the PQ wheel axle,
With the strain gauge for wheel weight measurement that detects the radial strain of the wheel, the strain during running is measured,
With these distortions,
Distortion of the strain gauge for measuring the wheel load at a position where either the strain does not change when only the wheel weight acts on the PQ wheel shaft or the portion where the strain does not occur when only the wheel weight acts on the PQ wheel shaft From the relationship between the strain and the tangential force at the placement position of the strain gauge for measuring wheel load, which has been determined in advance,
A method for measuring a tangential force acting between a wheel of a railway vehicle and a rail to obtain a tangential force acting on a traveling PQ wheel shaft,
When the bridge connection in the PQ wheel shaft is by the intermittent method,
The strain gauge relative to the load point having a relationship between strain and tangential force used when obtaining the tangential force is:
When the load point of the wheel is 0 ° (360 °),
Tangential force measurement method of acting between the wheel and the rail of railway vehicles characterized in that located in the 90 ° or 270 °.
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