JP5023447B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5023447B2 JP5023447B2 JP2005213459A JP2005213459A JP5023447B2 JP 5023447 B2 JP5023447 B2 JP 5023447B2 JP 2005213459 A JP2005213459 A JP 2005213459A JP 2005213459 A JP2005213459 A JP 2005213459A JP 5023447 B2 JP5023447 B2 JP 5023447B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04641—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of the individual fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
D=dL/dt (dL:負荷低下代、dt:時間) …(1)
このD値が所定値以下の場合、つまり負荷低下時間が所定時間よりも小さい場合、また高負荷から低負荷移行時かつ燃料電池スタック1中の単位セル電圧が所定の電圧以上となる場合、酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行う。
2:負荷装置
3:導線
4:燃料ガスタンク
5:酸化剤ブロア
6a〜6d:三方弁
7a,7b:加湿器
8:燃料供給配管
9:酸化剤供給配管
10:燃料バイパス配管
11:酸化剤バイパス配管
12:燃料流量制御装置
13:酸化剤流量制御装置
14:スイッチ
15:蓄電手段
16:要求負荷検知手段
17:スイッチ制御手段
18:負荷移行時間検知手段
19:セル抵抗検知手段
Claims (10)
- 電解質膜の両面に燃料極及び酸化剤極の触媒層とガス拡散電極をそれぞれ配置してなる膜電極接合体と、前記燃料極及び酸化剤極にそれぞれ燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ供給するためのガス流路を備えたセパレータによって前記膜電極接合体を狭持してなる単位セルを複数積層した燃料電池スタックを備えた燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記燃料電池スタックの負荷状態が高負荷から所定値以下の低負荷へ移行することが検知され、かつ前記燃料電池スタックの単位セルの電圧が所定の単位セル電圧以上となるときに、所定時間だけ前記酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行うことを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 - 燃料電池スタックが発電した電力を貯蔵可能な蓄電手段と、燃料電池システムに対する要求負荷を検知する要求負荷検知手段と、を備え、
前記要求負荷検知手段により検知された要求負荷が高負荷から所定値以下の低負荷へ変化した時に、前記燃料電池スタックが前記低負荷を超える発電を継続して前記蓄電手段に蓄電を行い、該蓄電手段の蓄電量が所定値に達した後、前記要求負荷に基づいて前記燃料電池スタック中の単位セル電圧が所定値以上となると判断された場合、前もって酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とした後、要求負荷へ移行させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記要求負荷が高負荷から所定値以下の低負荷へ変化した後の前記蓄電手段へ蓄電中に、前記蓄電手段の蓄電量が所定値に達する前で、かつ酸化剤極触媒層の含水量が所定値以下となる前に、要求負荷が前記所定値以下の範囲で増加した場合、前記蓄電量が所定値に達するまでは、前記酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を継続することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 燃料極及び酸化剤極の少なくとも一方の極の供給ガス流量を増加させることにより、酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 負荷の大きさに応じた供給ガス流量を燃料電池スタックへ供給する制御ガス流量制御手段を備え、
前記高負荷から低負荷への移行時に、燃料極及び酸化剤極の少なくとも一方の極に対して、負荷の大きさに応じたガス流量より増加させたガス流量を所定時間継続して供給することにより、酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1、2、3の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 燃料極及び酸化剤極の少なくとも一方の極に低加湿ガスを供給することにより、酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池スタックの単位セル電圧の代表値が約0.75[V]以下となる場合を高負荷とすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 酸化剤極触媒層の含水量が所定値以下であり、かつ単位セル電圧が高電圧となる状態が所定時間経過した場合、再び酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を前記所定値より大きい第2所定値以上とすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 高負荷から低負荷への所定の負荷量が減少する移行時間を検知する負荷移行時間検知手段を備え、該負荷移行時間検知手段が検知した移行時間が所定値以下であるときに、前記酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1、2、3の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池スタック中の単位セルの抵抗値を検知するセル抵抗検知手段を備え、
該抵抗値が所定の値以上となった場合、酸化剤極触媒層の含水量を所定値以下とする制御を停止することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項9の何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005213459A JP5023447B2 (ja) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-07-22 | 燃料電池システム |
PCT/US2005/046173 WO2006069070A2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004368111 | 2004-12-20 | ||
JP2004368111 | 2004-12-20 | ||
JP2005213459A JP5023447B2 (ja) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-07-22 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006202718A JP2006202718A (ja) | 2006-08-03 |
JP5023447B2 true JP5023447B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2005213459A Expired - Fee Related JP5023447B2 (ja) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-07-22 | 燃料電池システム |
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JP (1) | JP5023447B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006069070A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2052429B1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2012-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
DE102008008870A1 (de) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-09-03 | Daimler Ag | Brennstoffzellenversorgung, Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung mit der Brennstoffzellenversorgung sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung |
JP2010067434A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の運転制御装置及び運転制御方法 |
WO2013085530A1 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-13 | Utc Power Corporation | Fuel cell assembly and method of control |
JP6082183B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-14 | 2017-02-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池の運転方法 |
ES2727338T3 (es) | 2012-11-01 | 2019-10-15 | Nuvera Fuel Cells Llc | Método y sistema de gestión de humidificación de celdas de combustible |
DE102017215574A1 (de) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-07 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2002280029A (ja) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 |
CA2379363A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-09-28 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Methods and apparatus for improving the cold starting capability of a fuel cell |
JP4214761B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2009-01-28 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
US6824909B2 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-11-30 | General Motors Corporation | Low-humidification and durable fuel cell membrane |
US7318971B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2008-01-15 | Denso Corporation | Fuel cell system utilizing control of operating current to adjust moisture content within fuel cell |
JP4608892B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-14 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
JP2004356018A (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池 |
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2005
- 2005-07-22 JP JP2005213459A patent/JP5023447B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-20 WO PCT/US2005/046173 patent/WO2006069070A2/en active Application Filing
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2006069070A3 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
WO2006069070A2 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
JP2006202718A (ja) | 2006-08-03 |
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