JP5019425B2 - Developing device and image forming apparatus including the same - Google Patents

Developing device and image forming apparatus including the same Download PDF

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JP5019425B2
JP5019425B2 JP2006315669A JP2006315669A JP5019425B2 JP 5019425 B2 JP5019425 B2 JP 5019425B2 JP 2006315669 A JP2006315669 A JP 2006315669A JP 2006315669 A JP2006315669 A JP 2006315669A JP 5019425 B2 JP5019425 B2 JP 5019425B2
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developing
photosensitive member
gap
roll
development
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JP2008129415A (en
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誠斉 法橋
重徳 谷口
勝博 秋永
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、プリンタ、ファクシミリ、複写機等のトナーを用いて静電潜像を顕像化させる画像形成装置に係り、特に現像装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus that visualizes an electrostatic latent image using toner, such as a printer, a facsimile machine, and a copying machine, and more particularly to a developing device.

従来の現像方法と現像装置について説明する。電子写真方式を用いた画像形成プロセスは、感光体上に帯電、露光により静電潜像を形成し、トナーと呼ばれる着色粒子を用いて現像して、記録媒体に転写し、定着させる工程からなる。感光体はその表面が帯電され、光を照射することにより、部分的な電荷放電が行われ、帯電領域と露光領域をもつ静電潜像ができる。現像工程では、着色粒子であるトナーと磁性粒子であるキャリアからなる2成分現像剤を現像装置により撹拌しトナーを帯電させる。   A conventional developing method and developing device will be described. An image forming process using an electrophotographic method includes a process of forming an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive member by charging and exposure, developing it using colored particles called toner, transferring it to a recording medium, and fixing it. . The surface of the photoconductor is charged and irradiated with light, whereby a partial charge discharge is performed, and an electrostatic latent image having a charged area and an exposed area is formed. In the developing step, a two-component developer composed of toner as colored particles and a carrier as magnetic particles is stirred by a developing device to charge the toner.

現像剤は現像ロールにより感光体表面の静電潜像の位置まで運ばれ、磁気ブラシを形成する。静電潜像の顕像化の方法としてバイアス現像がある。現像ロールにバイアス電圧を印加し、感光体表面に形成された潜像電位と現像ロールのバイアス電位の間で電界が形成され、その作用によりトナーが現像ロールから感光体上の潜像に移動する。現像方法としては潜像電位に露光電位を用いる反転現像と帯電電位を用いる正規現像がある。   The developer is carried to the position of the electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor by the developing roll, and forms a magnetic brush. There is bias development as a method for developing an electrostatic latent image. A bias voltage is applied to the developing roll, and an electric field is formed between the latent image potential formed on the surface of the photoreceptor and the bias potential of the developing roll, and the toner moves from the developing roll to the latent image on the photoreceptor by the action. . Development methods include reversal development using an exposure potential as a latent image potential and regular development using a charging potential.

現像剤の搬送方法に磁気ブラシ現像を用い、静電潜像を顕像化するためにバイアス電圧を用いる方法は一般的に用いられる方法である。   A method in which magnetic brush development is used as a developer conveying method and a bias voltage is used to visualize an electrostatic latent image is a generally used method.

近年、画像形成装置は、小型化と同時に高速化することが求められている。現像装置も小型化する傾向にあり、高速化するにつれ、現像方式は1本ロールでは、現像力が限界になってきており、複数の現像ロールを使う多段式の磁気ブラシ方式が使われてきている。多段式の磁気ブラシ方式には、複数の現像ロールを感光体回転方向と同方向に回転させる方式と、回転方向が感光体周速度方向と逆方向のロールを有するセンターフィード方式がある。   In recent years, image forming apparatuses have been required to be reduced in size and speeded up. Development devices tend to be smaller, and as the speed increases, the development power of a single roll is becoming the limit, and a multistage magnetic brush system using a plurality of development rolls has been used. Yes. The multi-stage magnetic brush method includes a method in which a plurality of developing rolls are rotated in the same direction as the photosensitive member rotation direction, and a center feed method in which the rotation direction is a direction opposite to the photosensitive member circumferential speed direction.

特公昭62−45552号公報に記載されているように、感光体に対向させて2本の現像ロールを配置し、現像剤が感光体に向かって互いに逆方向に移動するようにしたものや、特開平6−202484号公報に記載されるセンターフィード方式の磁気ブラシ現像装置が知られている。センターフィード方式の現像装置は1本現像ロールの方式に比較すると高い現像力があり、現像剤中のトナー濃度を薄くでき、トナー飛散防止にも有利である。   As described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. Sho 62-45552, two developing rolls are arranged so as to face the photoreceptor, and the developer moves in the opposite direction toward the photoreceptor, A center-feed type magnetic brush developing device described in JP-A-6-202484 is known. The center feed type developing device has a higher developing power than the single developing roll type, can reduce the toner concentration in the developer, and is advantageous in preventing toner scattering.

特公昭62−45552号公報Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-45552 特開平6−202484号公報JP-A-6-202484

しかし、近年、高画質化志向により、使用する現像剤、トナーが小粒径化し、現像ロールと感光体の間隙である現像ギャップと、現像ロールの現像剤量を規制する規制部材と現像ロールの間隙であるドクターギャップが狭くなり、センターフィード方式の場合、感光体周速度方向と逆回転する現像ロールは、現像力は強いが、現像剤漏れやベタの現像ロール回転方向下流側に尾引きによるトナー汚れ、カキトリによる細線かすれのバランスをとるのが難しいという問題があった。   However, in recent years, due to the trend toward higher image quality, the developer and toner to be used have become smaller in particle size, the development gap that is the gap between the development roll and the photoreceptor, the regulating member that regulates the developer amount of the development roll, and the development roll In the case of the center feed method, the developing roller that rotates in the direction opposite to the circumferential speed direction of the photosensitive member has a strong developing force, but due to the developer leakage or the solid developer roll rotating downstream in the rotating direction of the developing roller. There is a problem that it is difficult to balance the smearing of toner and fine lines caused by oysters.

本発明は、センタフィード方式における尾引きや細線かすれがなく、高画質な画像を形成することのできる現像装置及びそれを備えた画像形成装置を提供することを目的とする。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a developing device capable of forming a high-quality image without tailing or thin line blurring in the center feed method, and an image forming apparatus including the developing device.

前記目的を達成するため本発明の第1の手段は、感光体回転方向と逆方向に回転する上側現像ロールを感光体回転方向上流側に感光体との間に所定の現像ギャップを保って配置し、感光体回転方向と同方向に回転する下側現像ロールを感光体回転方向下流側に感光体との間に所定の現像ギャップを保って配置して、前記上側現像ロールと下側現像ロールにより、感光体に形成された静電潜像をトナーとキャリアを含んだ2成分現像剤で顕像化する現像装置を対象とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, according to a first means of the present invention, an upper developing roll that rotates in a direction opposite to the photosensitive member rotating direction is disposed upstream of the photosensitive member rotating direction with a predetermined developing gap between the photosensitive member and the photosensitive member. A lower developing roll that rotates in the same direction as the photosensitive member rotation direction is disposed with a predetermined developing gap between the lower developing roller and the photosensitive member downstream of the photosensitive member rotation direction, and the upper developing roller and the lower developing roller. Thus, the present invention is intended for a developing device that visualizes an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor with a two-component developer containing toner and carrier.

そして、前記上側現像ロールと感光体の中心を結んだ線を0°とし、当該上側現像ロールの現像に寄与する現像主極の位置と当該上側現像ロールの中心を結んだ線との角度をθ、前記下側現像ロールの現像主極の位置と、当該下側現像ロールと前記感光体の中心を結ぶ線との角度をθとすると、下記の式を満足する条件に調整されたことを特徴とするものである。 A line connecting the upper developing roll and the center of the photosensitive member is 0 °, and an angle between the position of the developing main pole contributing to the development of the upper developing roll and the line connecting the center of the upper developing roll is θ 1. When the angle between the position of the developing main pole of the lower developing roll and the line connecting the lower developing roll and the center of the photosensitive member is θ 2 , the condition was adjusted to satisfy the following formula: It is characterized by.

0°≦θ−2θ≦5°
−0.06(θ−2θ)+1.3≦G/D≦1.82
ただし、θ−θ=2.5°
G≧D
0.4mm≦G≦0.6mm
θ、θは現像ロール回転方向上流側に回転する場合を+とする。
0 ° ≦ θ 2 −2θ 1 ≦ 5 °
−0.06 (θ 2 −2θ 1 ) + 1.3 ≦ G / D ≦ 1.82
However, θ 2 −θ 1 = 2.5 °
G ≧ D
0.4mm ≦ G ≦ 0.6mm
θ 1 and θ 2 are set to + when rotating to the upstream side in the developing roll rotation direction.

Dは現像剤規制部材と現像ロールの間であるドクタギャップ
Gは現像ギャップ。
D is the gap between the developing roller and the developer regulating member doctor gap
G is the development gap.

本発明の第2の手段は、感光体と、その感光体上を一様に帯電する帯電装置と、前記感光体に静電潜像を形成する光学系と、感光体上の静電潜像を2成分現像剤を使用して顕像化する現像装置と、顕像化したトナー像を記録媒体上に転写する転写装置と、記録媒体上のトナー像を加熱して定着する定着装置とを備えた画像形成装置において、前記現像装置が前記第1の手段による現像装置であることを特徴とするものである。   The second means of the present invention includes a photosensitive member, a charging device for uniformly charging the photosensitive member, an optical system for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member, and an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member. A developing device that visualizes the toner image using a two-component developer, a transfer device that transfers the visualized toner image onto a recording medium, and a fixing device that heats and fixes the toner image on the recording medium. In the image forming apparatus provided, the developing device is a developing device according to the first means.

本発明により、現像剤詰りによる現像の劣化、尾引きや細線のかすれを防止し、高画質な現像装置及びそれを用いた画像形成装置を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-quality developing device and an image forming apparatus using the same, which prevent development deterioration due to developer clogging, tailing and blurring of fine lines.

次に本発明の実施形態を図とともに説明する。図1は本発明の実施形態に係るセンターフィード方式の現像装置における現像ロールの磁極角を説明するための図、図2はそのセンターフィード方式の現像装置の概略構成図である。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a magnetic pole angle of a developing roll in a center feed type developing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the center feed type developing device.

ドラム状の感光体1に対して、現像剤を搬送するための現像ロール2、3が2本が現像ギャップを隔てて配置されている。現像ロール2、3は、感光体1側に現像に寄与するN極である現像主極Nの磁極を有している。   Two developing rolls 2 and 3 for transporting the developer are arranged with a developing gap therebetween with respect to the drum-shaped photoreceptor 1. The developing rolls 2 and 3 have a magnetic pole of a developing main pole N which is an N pole contributing to development on the photosensitive member 1 side.

その現像主極位置を表す指標として、感光体1の中心Oと感光体回転方向と逆方向に回転する現像ロール2の中心M1を結ぶ線を0°として、OM1と現像主極の位置とM1を結ぶ線との角度を磁極角θ125、感光体回転方向と同方向に回転する現像ロール3の中心M2と感光体の中心Oを結ぶ線と、現像主極とM2を結ぶ線との角度を磁極角θ26といい、上側現像ロール2は時計方向に回転し、回転上流側を+方向、下流側を−方向とする。下側現像ロール3は、反時計回りに回転し、感光体1の中心Oと下側現像ロールの中心M2を結ぶ線を0°として回転上流側を+方向、回転下流側を−方向とする。 As an index representing the position of the developing main pole, a line connecting the center O of the photosensitive member 1 and the center M1 of the developing roll 2 rotating in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the photosensitive member is 0 °, and OM1, the position of the developing main pole, and M1 pole angle theta 1 25 the angle between the line connecting the, the center M2 of the development roller 3 which rotates with the photosensitive member rotation direction the same direction and the line connecting the center O of the photosensitive member, a line connecting the main developing pole and M2 The angle is referred to as a magnetic pole angle θ 2 26, and the upper developing roll 2 rotates in the clockwise direction, with the upstream side of the rotation being the + direction and the downstream side being the − direction. The lower developing roll 3 rotates counterclockwise, and the line connecting the center O of the photoreceptor 1 and the center M2 of the lower developing roll is 0 °, and the upstream side of the rotation is the + direction and the downstream side of the rotation is the − direction. .

図2により現像装置の動作について説明する。現像容器内の現像開口部に静電潜像を保持した感光体1の表面に近接して2本の現像ロール2、3が設けられている。感光体1と現像ギャップにおいて感光体回転方向と反対方向に回転する上側現像ロール2は固定磁石とスリーブで構成されており、時計方向に回転する。感光体1と現像ギャップにおいて感光体回転方向と同方向に回転する下側現像ロール3は、反時計方向に回転する。   The operation of the developing device will be described with reference to FIG. Two developing rolls 2 and 3 are provided in close proximity to the surface of the photoreceptor 1 holding the electrostatic latent image in the developing opening in the developing container. The upper developing roll 2 that rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the photosensitive member in the developing gap with the photosensitive member 1 includes a fixed magnet and a sleeve, and rotates in the clockwise direction. The lower developing roll 3 that rotates in the same direction as the photosensitive member rotation direction in the developing gap with the photosensitive member 1 rotates counterclockwise.

よって互いに反対方向でしかも供給された現像剤が現像容器の中から現像容器の開口に向かって流れるように、すなわちスリーブ間を現像剤が感光体1の潜像保持面に向かって流れ出るように回転する。   Therefore, the developer supplied in the opposite directions is rotated so that the supplied developer flows from the developing container toward the opening of the developing container, that is, the developer flows between the sleeves toward the latent image holding surface of the photosensitive member 1. To do.

現像剤溜部からオーガスクリュー8、9と羽根車7によって下側現像ロール3に供給された現像剤は、現像ロール3の磁気吸引力によりその表面に付着し、スリーブの回転により2本の現像ロール2、3の間に搬送される。両現像ロール間で現像ロール2、3上の現像剤は現像ロール2、3の磁気吸引力によってその一部が現像ロール2、3上に供給される。現像ロール2、3の現像剤付着量は規制部材であるドクタブレード11によって制御され、現像領域に搬送される。   The developer supplied from the developer reservoir to the lower developing roll 3 by the auger screws 8 and 9 and the impeller 7 adheres to the surface by the magnetic attraction force of the developing roll 3, and the two developments are performed by the rotation of the sleeve. It is conveyed between rolls 2 and 3. Part of the developer on the developing rolls 2 and 3 between the developing rolls 2 and 3 is supplied onto the developing rolls 2 and 3 by the magnetic attraction force of the developing rolls 2 and 3. The developer adhesion amount of the developing rolls 2 and 3 is controlled by a doctor blade 11 which is a regulating member, and is conveyed to the developing area.

上側現像ロール2に付着した現像剤は上側アッパースクレーパ6でオーガスクリュー8上に戻される。下側現像ロール3に付着した現像剤は羽根車10にてオーガスクリュー8に戻される。ドクタブレード11に規制された現像剤は下側アッパースクレーパ7によってオーガスクリュー8に戻される。感光体1に付着したキャリアはキャッチアップロール5によって下側現像ロール3上に戻される。現像ギャップ12、13は現像ユニットと感光体ユニットを嵌合すると決まり、ドクタギャップ14,15はギャップゲージを挟んで所望の値に調整できるようになっている。図ではドクタギャップ調整機構は省略する。   The developer adhering to the upper developing roll 2 is returned onto the auger screw 8 by the upper upper scraper 6. The developer attached to the lower developing roll 3 is returned to the auger screw 8 by the impeller 10. The developer restricted by the doctor blade 11 is returned to the auger screw 8 by the lower upper scraper 7. The carrier adhering to the photoreceptor 1 is returned to the lower developing roll 3 by the catch-up roll 5. The developing gaps 12 and 13 are determined to fit the developing unit and the photosensitive unit, and the doctor gaps 14 and 15 can be adjusted to desired values with a gap gauge interposed therebetween. In the figure, the doctor gap adjusting mechanism is omitted.

図3は、前記現像装置を備えた画像形成装置の概略構成図である。感光体1を帯電装置18により所望の表面電位に帯電し、光学系17でレーザーを照射することにより、静電潜像が形成される。現像装置19により静電潜像を現像し、転写装置24により記録媒体20に感光体1上のトナー像を転写する。転写後の感光体1上のトナー像はクリーナーブラシ22とブレード21によって清掃される。記録媒体20に転写されたトナー像は定着装置23により加熱、加圧され、記録媒体20上に定着される。   FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus including the developing device. An electrostatic latent image is formed by charging the photoreceptor 1 to a desired surface potential by the charging device 18 and irradiating the laser with the optical system 17. The developing device 19 develops the electrostatic latent image, and the transfer device 24 transfers the toner image on the photoreceptor 1 to the recording medium 20. The transferred toner image on the photoreceptor 1 is cleaned by the cleaner brush 22 and the blade 21. The toner image transferred to the recording medium 20 is heated and pressurized by the fixing device 23 and fixed on the recording medium 20.

請求項1記載の発明は、センターフィード方式の現像装置における現像主極の設定方法で、感光体回転方向と逆方向に回転する現像ロールは現像剤が詰り、横線のかすれ、尾引きなどの問題を起こしやすく、それらの問題を防止するための現像主極位置設定方法を示す。θ2−2θ1が50°より大きいと、ハーフトーンのガサツキが大きくなり、0 °より小さくなると現像剤詰りや細線かすれが起きる。 The invention according to claim 1 is a method of setting a developing main pole in a center-feed type developing device, and the developing roll rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the photosensitive member is clogged with developer, causing a problem such as blurring of horizontal lines and tailing. A developing main pole position setting method for preventing such problems will be described. If θ 2 −2θ 1 is larger than 50 °, the halftone roughness increases, and if it is smaller than 0 °, developer clogging and fine line blurring occur.

図3に示す画像形成装置において、表面電位500V、現像バイアス350V、現像剤は、キャリア平均粒径65μm、スチレンアクリルトナー平均粒径8.5μm、トナー濃度4.7%で実験を行った。   In the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the experiment was conducted with a surface potential of 500 V, a developing bias of 350 V, and a developer having a carrier average particle size of 65 μm, a styrene acrylic toner average particle size of 8.5 μm, and a toner concentration of 4.7%.

現像ギャップとドクタギャップと現像主極位置を決める磁極を振って、画質と現像剤詰りの関係を調べた。図2に示すように感光体回転方向と反対方向に回転する現像ロールを上側現像ロール2、感光体回転方向と同方向に回転する現像ロールを下側現像ロール3とする。図2の上側現像ロール2は、回転上流側にθ1=2.5°ずれた状態、下側現像ロール3は回転上流側にθ2=5.0°ずらした状態を保ったまま、上下同時2.5°(θ−2θ1)毎に回す。 The relationship between image quality and developer clogging was investigated by changing the development gap, doctor gap, and magnetic pole that determines the development main pole position. As shown in FIG. 2, a developing roll that rotates in the direction opposite to the photosensitive member rotation direction is referred to as an upper developing roller 2, and a developing roller that rotates in the same direction as the photosensitive member rotation direction is referred to as a lower developing roller 3. The upper developing roll 2 shown in FIG. 2 is vertically shifted while θ 1 = 2.5 ° is shifted upstream, and the lower developing roll 3 is vertically shifted while maintaining θ 2 = 5.0 ° shifted upstream. Turn every 2.5 ° (θ 2 −2θ 1 ) at the same time.

上側現像ロール2.5°下側現像ロール5.0°の状態を磁極を回す角度0°とし、磁極をずらすときは上下現像ロール同時に2.5°づつずらし、上側現像ロール2を時計回り、下側現像ロール3を反時計周りに同時に回す方向を+とし、上側現像ロールを反時計回り、下側現像ロールを時計周りに同時に回す方向を−とし、そのときのベタ画像の印刷濃度と細線のかすれを評価した。   The upper developing roll is 2.5 ° and the lower developing roll is 5.0 °, the angle of turning the magnetic pole is 0 °. When shifting the magnetic pole, the upper and lower developing rolls are simultaneously shifted by 2.5 °, and the upper developing roll 2 is rotated clockwise. The direction in which the lower developing roll 3 is simultaneously rotated counterclockwise is defined as +, the upper developing roll is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, and the direction in which the lower developing roll is simultaneously rotated in the clockwise direction is defined as −. The faintness was evaluated.

ドクタギャップはギャップゲージにて調整した一つの現像ギャップとドクタギャップの組み合わせにつき、磁極角(=θ−2θ1)を−5°から15°まで変化させた。上下現像ロールの2.5°、5°の関係は上側現像ロール2と下側現像ロール3の磁極角をそれぞれ0°、2.5°、5.0°と変化させて、画質の良いところを選んだ結果である。印刷濃度はマクベス濃度計で測定した。細線かすれがなかった場合○、かすれて線が細っている場合には×をつけた。現像剤詰りは、現像ギャップに現像剤がつまって、現像ロールがロックするか、尾引きといって、ベタの後に黒い汚れが出る現象を示す。結果は表1に示す。 For the doctor gap, the magnetic pole angle (= θ 2 −2θ 1 ) was changed from −5 ° to 15 ° for one development gap and doctor gap combination adjusted by a gap gauge. The relationship between the upper and lower developing rolls of 2.5 ° and 5 ° is that the magnetic pole angles of the upper developing roller 2 and the lower developing roller 3 are changed to 0 °, 2.5 °, and 5.0 °, respectively, so that the image quality is good. This is the result of choosing. The printing density was measured with a Macbeth densitometer. A circle was marked when there was no faint thin line, and a cross when the line was faint. The developer clogging indicates a phenomenon in which the developer is stuck in the development gap and the developing roll is locked or is called tailing, and black stains appear after the solid. The results are shown in Table 1.

印刷濃度は1.35以上を○レベルとした。画質については細線かすれ、詰り、尾引きが発生する領域は×とし、表には前記の内容に全部○がつく場合には○、1つでも×があれば×とした。   The printing density was 1.35 or more as a ◯ level. Regarding the image quality, a region where fine lines are blurred, clogged, or tailed is indicated as “x”, and the table is indicated as “◯” when all of the above contents are marked with “x”, and “x” when there is even one x.

Figure 0005019425
Figure 0005019425

比較例1
磁極位置θ−2θ1=−5°で現像ギャップ、ドクタギャップを変化させた、現像ギャップ0.40mmに対して、上側ドクタギャップが0.40mmでは詰りが発生した。画質は印刷濃度は○レベルだが、細線がかすれて、画質は×レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.50mmでは、ドクタギャップ0.44mmで詰り、画質は×レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.60mmでは、ドクタギャップ0.52mmで詰り、画質はかきとりが多く×レベルであった。ドクタギャップ0.30mmは、印刷濃度は×レベルであった。
比較例2
磁極位置θ−2θ1=7.5°では、現像ギャップ0.40mmのとき、0.17mm以下だと印刷濃度は×レベル。現像ギャップ0.50mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.23mmのとき印刷濃度は×レベル。現像ギャップ0.60mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.30mm以下であると、印刷濃度は×レベルになる。画質についても、全域細線かすれ気味で×レベルであった。
比較例3
磁極位置θ−2θ1=10°になると、現像ギャップ0.40mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.17mm以下だと印刷濃度は×レベル。現像ギャップ0.50mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.23mmのとき印刷濃度は×レベル。現像ギャップ0.60mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.34mm以下であると、印刷濃度は×レベルになる。画質がガサガサで×レベルであった。
比較例4
磁極位置θ−2θ1=15°になると、印刷濃度は現像ギャップ、ドクタギャップ全領域で×レベルで、画質がガサガサで×レベルあった。
実施例1
磁極位置θ−2θ1=0°では、現像ギャップが0.40mmのとき、ドクタギャップ0.40mmでは現像剤が詰まった。ドクタギャップ0.17mmのときは印刷濃度は○レベルだが、欠けにより細線がかすれていたので、画質は×レベルであった。それ以外の条件では印刷濃度も○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。
Comparative Example 1
The development gap and doctor gap were changed at the magnetic pole position θ 2 −2θ 1 = −5 °, whereas clogging occurred when the upper doctor gap was 0.40 mm, whereas the development gap was 0.40 mm. As for the image quality, the print density was ○ level, but the thin line was faint and the image quality was X level. In the development gap of 0.50 mm, the doctor gap was clogged with 0.44 mm, and the image quality was x level. When the development gap was 0.60 mm, the doctor gap was 0.52 mm, and the image quality was scraped and the level was x. When the doctor gap was 0.30 mm, the printing density was x level.
Comparative Example 2
At the magnetic pole position θ 2 −2θ 1 = 7.5 °, when the development gap is 0.40 mm, the print density is x level if it is 0.17 mm or less. When the development gap is 0.50 mm, the printing density is x level when the doctor gap is 0.23 mm. When the development gap is 0.60 mm, if the doctor gap is 0.30 mm or less, the print density becomes x level. Regarding the image quality, the entire area was faint and the level was x.
Comparative Example 3
When the magnetic pole position θ 2 −2θ 1 = 10 °, when the development gap is 0.40 mm, the printing density is x level when the doctor gap is 0.17 mm or less. When the development gap is 0.50 mm, the printing density is x level when the doctor gap is 0.23 mm. When the development gap is 0.60 mm, if the doctor gap is 0.34 mm or less, the print density becomes x level. The image quality was rugged and x level.
Comparative Example 4
When the magnetic pole position θ 2 −2θ 1 = 15 °, the print density was x level in the entire area of the development gap and the doctor gap, and the image quality was fuzzy and x level.
Example 1
At the magnetic pole position θ 2 −2θ 1 = 0 °, when the development gap was 0.40 mm, the developer was clogged at the doctor gap 0.40 mm. When the doctor gap was 0.17 mm, the print density was ◯ level, but the fine line was faint due to chipping, so the image quality was X level. Under other conditions, the print density was also ◯ level and the image quality was ◯ level.

現像ギャップ0.50mmの時は、ドクタギャップ0.44mmで現像剤詰りが発生したが、ドクタギャップ0.35mm以下では印刷濃度も○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.60mmのときは、ドクタギャップ0.52mmのときにつまり、ドクタギャップ0.30mmで印刷濃度が×レベル。それ以外のドクタギャップ0.34mm、0.43mmでは、印刷濃度も○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。
実施例2
磁極位置θ−2θ1=2.5°は現像ギャップ0.40mmのときは、ドクタギャップ0.17mmで印刷濃度は×レベル、0.22mm、0.31mmのドクタギャップでは印刷濃度は○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。しかし、ドクタギャップ0.40mmでは、現像剤詰り(尾引き)が発生した。現像ギャップ0.50mmの時は、ドクタギャップ0.23mmで印刷濃度は×レベル、ドクタギャップ0.35mm、0.44mmでは印刷濃度は○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.60mmのときは、ドクタギャップ0.30mmのとき、印刷濃度は×レベル、ドクタギャップ0.34mm、0.43mm、0.52mmでは印刷濃度も○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。
実施例3
磁極位置θ−2θ1=5.0°は、現像ギャップ0.40mmのときは、ドクタギャップ0.17mmで印刷濃度は×レベルで、0.22mm、0.31mmのドクタギャップでは印刷濃度は○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.50mmの時は、ドクタギャップ0.23mmで印刷濃度は×レベル、ドクタギャップ0.35mm、0.44mmでは印刷濃度は○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。現像ギャップ0.60mmのときは、ドクタギャップ0.30mmのとき、印刷濃度不足、ドクタギャップ0.34mm、0.43mm、0.52mmでは印刷濃度も○レベルで、画質も○レベルであった。
When the development gap was 0.50 mm, developer clogging occurred with a doctor gap of 0.44 mm. However, when the doctor gap was 0.35 mm or less, the printing density was good and the image quality was good. When the development gap is 0.60 mm, when the doctor gap is 0.52 mm, that is, when the doctor gap is 0.30 mm, the printing density is x level. At other doctor gaps of 0.34 mm and 0.43 mm, the print density was also ◯ level, and the image quality was also ◯ level.
Example 2
The magnetic pole position θ 2 -2θ 1 = 2.5 ° when the developing gap 0.40 mm, doctor gap 0.17mm in print density × levels, 0.22 mm, the printing density in the doctor gap of 0.31 mm ○ level And the image quality was ○ level. However, developer clogging (tailing) occurred at a doctor gap of 0.40 mm. When the development gap was 0.50 mm, the print density was x level with a doctor gap of 0.23 mm, the print density was o level, and the image quality was also o level at doctor gaps of 0.35 mm and 0.44 mm. When the development gap is 0.60 mm, when the doctor gap is 0.30 mm, the print density is x level, and when the doctor gap is 0.34 mm, 0.43 mm, and 0.52 mm, the print density is also o level and the image quality is o level. It was.
Example 3
Magnetic pole position θ 2 -2θ 1 = 5.0 ° is when the developing gap 0.40 mm, the printing density × level doctor gap 0.17 mm, 0.22 mm, the printing density in the doctor gap of 0.31mm is ○ Level, image quality was also ○ level. When the development gap was 0.50 mm, the print density was x level with a doctor gap of 0.23 mm, the print density was o level, and the image quality was also o level at doctor gaps of 0.35 mm and 0.44 mm. When the development gap was 0.60 mm, when the doctor gap was 0.30 mm, the print density was insufficient, and when the doctor gaps were 0.34 mm, 0.43 mm, and 0.52 mm, the print density was ◯ level and the image quality was also ◯ level.

以上の結果から、表1の現像ギャップをドクターギャップで割った値G/Dを縦軸に、現像ロール2と、現像ロール3の相対的な磁極位置θ―2θを横軸にし、縦軸G/D、横軸θ―2θのグラフとしてみると、画質が良好な範囲はθ―2θは0°以上5°以下で、G/Dの上限は1.82以下で、下限は(0、1.29)、(2.5、1.15)、(5.0、1.00)の3点を通る近似直線となる。下の式に表す範囲が有効になり、図4のような範囲で画質良好となる。ドクターギャップは現像ギャップ以下とする。 From the above results, the value G / D obtained by dividing the development gap in Table 1 by the doctor gap is taken as the vertical axis, the relative magnetic pole position θ 2 -2θ 1 between the developing roll 2 and the developing roll 3 is taken as the horizontal axis, axis G / D, when viewed as a graph of the horizontal axis θ 2 -2θ 1, image quality is good range θ 2 -2θ 1 at 0 ° to 5 °, the upper limit of the G / D is 1.82 or less, The lower limit is an approximate straight line passing through three points (0, 1.29), (2.5, 1.15), and (5.0, 1.00). The range represented by the following formula is effective, and the image quality is good in the range as shown in FIG. The doctor gap should be less than the development gap.

0°≦θ−2θ≦5°
−0.06(θ−2θ)+1.3≦G/D≦1.82
ただし、θ−θ=2.5°
G≧D
0.4mm≦G≦0.6mm
θ、θは現像ロール回転方向上流側に回転する場合を+とする。
0 ° ≦ θ 2 −2θ 1 ≦ 5 °
−0.06 (θ 2 −2θ 1 ) + 1.3 ≦ G / D ≦ 1.82
However, θ 2 −θ 1 = 2.5 °
G ≧ D
0.4mm ≦ G ≦ 0.6mm
θ 1 and θ 2 are set to + when rotating to the upstream side in the developing roll rotation direction.

Dは現像剤規制部材と現像ロールの間であるドクタギャップ
Gは現像ギャップ。
D is the gap between the developing roller and the developer regulating member doctor gap
G is the development gap.

本発明のセンターフィード方式の現像装置の現像ロールの磁極角を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the magnetic pole angle of the image development roll of the center feed system developing apparatus of this invention. 本発明のセンターフィード方式の現像装置を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a center-feed developing device according to the present invention. 本発明のセンターフィード方式の現像装置を使用した画像形成装置を示す図である。1 is a diagram illustrating an image forming apparatus using a center feed type developing device of the present invention. FIG. 本発明のセンターフィード方式の現像装置を使用した画像形成装置の現状条件の最適値の範囲を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an optimum value range of current conditions of an image forming apparatus using a center feed type developing device of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1・・・感光体、2・・・上側現像ロール、3・・・下側現像ロール、4・・・ケーシング、5・・・キャッチロール、6・・・上側アッパースクレーパ、7下側アッパースクレーパ、8・・・オーガスクリュウA、9・・・オーガスクリューB、10・・・羽根車、11・・・ドクタブレード、12・・・上側現像ギャップ、13・・・下側現像ギャップ、14・・・上側ドクタギャップ、15・・・下側ドクタギャップ、16・・・現像剤、17・・・光学系、18・・・帯電器、19・・・現像装置、20・・・記憶媒体、21・・・ブレード、22・・・クリーナブラシ、23・・・定着機、24・・・転写器、25・・・磁極角1、26・・・磁極角2。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Photoconductor, 2 ... Upper developing roll, 3 ... Lower developing roll, 4 ... Casing, 5 ... Catch roll, 6 ... Upper upper scraper, 7 Lower upper scraper , 8 ... Auger screw A, 9 ... Auger screw B, 10 ... Impeller, 11 ... Doctor blade, 12 ... Upper development gap, 13 ... Lower development gap, 14. ..Upper doctor gap, 15 ... lower doctor gap, 16 ... developer, 17 ... optical system, 18 ... charger, 19 ... developing device, 20 ... storage medium, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Blade, 22 ... Cleaner brush, 23 ... Fixing machine, 24 ... Transfer device, 25 ... Magnetic pole angle 1,26 ... Magnetic pole angle 2.

Claims (2)

感光体回転方向と逆方向に回転する上側現像ロールを感光体回転方向上流側に感光体との間に所定の現像ギャップを保って配置し、感光体回転方向と同方向に回転する下側現像ロールを感光体回転方向下流側に感光体との間に所定の現像ギャップを保って配置して、
前記上側現像ロールと下側現像ロールにより、感光体に形成された静電潜像をトナーとキャリアを含んだ2成分現像剤で顕像化する現像装置において、
前記上側現像ロールと感光体の中心を結んだ線を0°とし、当該上側現像ロールの現像に寄与する現像主極の位置と当該上側現像ロールの中心を結んだ線との角度をθ、前記下側現像ロールの現像主極の位置と、当該下側現像ロールと前記感光体の中心を結ぶ線との角度をθとすると、下記の式を満足する条件に調整されたことを特徴とする現像装置。
0°≦θ−2θ≦5°
−0.06(θ−2θ)+1.3≦G/D≦1.82
ただし、θ−θ=2.5°
G≧D
0.4mm≦G≦0.6mm
θ、θは現像ロール回転方向上流側に回転する場合を+とする。
Dは現像剤規制部材と現像ロールの間であるドクタギャップ
Gは現像ギャップ。
An upper developing roll that rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the photosensitive member is disposed with a predetermined developing gap between the upper developing roller and the photosensitive member upstream of the rotation direction of the photosensitive member, and the lower developing roller that rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the photosensitive member. The roll is arranged with a predetermined development gap between the roll and the photoreceptor downstream in the rotation direction of the photoreceptor,
In the developing device that visualizes the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive member with a two-component developer containing toner and a carrier by the upper developing roll and the lower developing roll,
A line connecting the upper developing roll and the center of the photosensitive member is 0 °, and an angle between the position of the developing main pole contributing to the development of the upper developing roll and the line connecting the center of the upper developing roll is θ 1 , wherein the position of the main developing pole of the lower developing roller, when the angle between the line connecting the center of the lower developing roller and the photosensitive member and theta 2, that it has been adjusted to the conditions satisfying the following formula A developing device.
0 ° ≦ θ 2 −2θ 1 ≦ 5 °
−0.06 (θ 2 −2θ 1 ) + 1.3 ≦ G / D ≦ 1.82
However, θ 2 −θ 1 = 2.5 °
G ≧ D
0.4mm ≦ G ≦ 0.6mm
θ 1 and θ 2 are set to + when rotating to the upstream side in the developing roll rotation direction.
D is the gap between the developing roller and the developer regulating member doctor gap
G is the development gap.
感光体と、その感光体上を一様に帯電する帯電装置と、前記感光体に静電潜像を形成する光学系と、感光体上の静電潜像を2成分現像剤を使用して顕像化する現像装置と、顕像化したトナー像を記録媒体上に転写する転写装置と、記録媒体上のトナー像を加熱して定着する定着装置とを備えた画像形成装置において、前記現像装置が請求項1記載の現像装置であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。   A photosensitive member, a charging device that uniformly charges the photosensitive member, an optical system that forms an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member, and an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member using a two-component developer. An image forming apparatus comprising: a developing device that makes a visible image; a transfer device that transfers the visualized toner image onto a recording medium; and a fixing device that heats and fixes the toner image on the recording medium. An image forming apparatus comprising the developing device according to claim 1.
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