JP4975948B2 - Welding coating method of corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet on thick metal substrate surface - Google Patents
Welding coating method of corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet on thick metal substrate surface Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、海洋構造物、橋梁等の金属構造物における海水等の飛沫干満帯の防食のために、耐食性・防汚性に優れた薄金属シートを金属構造物の表面に溶接被覆する方法及び構造物構築部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a method of welding and coating a surface of a metal structure with a thin metal sheet excellent in corrosion resistance and antifouling property for corrosion prevention of splash tidal zones such as seawater in metal structures such as offshore structures and bridges, and the like. The present invention relates to a structure building member.
近年、桟橋、橋梁等の海中金属構造物に加えて、海洋空間の有効利用の観点から、浮体式石油貯蔵船、石油掘削基地、浮防波堤、浮桟橋洋上ホテルなどの大型浮体式海洋構造物が海洋に建設または設置されている。このような海洋構造物には、海水に対する耐腐食性に優れた鋼板や鋼管等の鋼部材による構築部材が多く用いられている。しかしながら、これらの構築部材のうちでも、特に海水の飛沫にさらされる部分（以下飛沫帯という）では、他の部分に比べて腐食されやすく、耐用性に乏しいものとなり、この部分の耐用年数によって海洋構造物の耐用年数が決まってしまい、長期にわたる耐用年数を確保すること困難となる。 In recent years, in addition to undersea metal structures such as piers and bridges, large floating offshore structures such as floating oil storage vessels, oil drilling bases, floating breakwaters, and floating pier offshore hotels have been developed from the viewpoint of effective use of the ocean space. Constructed or installed in the ocean. In such an offshore structure, a construction member made of a steel member such as a steel plate or a steel pipe excellent in corrosion resistance against seawater is often used. However, among these construction members, the part exposed to seawater splash (hereinafter referred to as the splash zone) is more easily corroded than other parts and has poor durability. The service life of the structure is determined, making it difficult to ensure a long service life.
このため、上記飛沫帯における腐食を防止するために金属構造物の表面にエポキシ樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ウレタンエラストマー塗装等による重防食処理を施すことが行われているが、これによっても耐用年数は４０年程度と言われている。 For this reason, in order to prevent corrosion in the splash zone, the surface of the metal structure is subjected to heavy anti-corrosion treatment by epoxy resin, fluororesin, urethane elastomer coating, etc., but this also has a service life of 40 It is said to be about a year.
そこで、更に耐用年数を延ばす手段として金属構造物の表面に金属ライニングを施す方法が提案されている。この方法は、ステンレス、チタン、モネル、銅、およびこれらの合金の薄板またはこれらの金属と普通鋼とのクラッド鋼板を金属構造物の表面に接着剤で貼り付けるか溶接により接合するものであるが、耐久性等の観点から溶接接合によってライニングする方法が主流となってきている。 Therefore, a method of applying a metal lining to the surface of the metal structure has been proposed as a means for further extending the service life. In this method, a thin plate of stainless steel, titanium, monel, copper, and alloys thereof or a clad steel plate of these metals and ordinary steel is bonded to the surface of a metal structure with an adhesive or welded. From the viewpoint of durability and the like, a method of lining by welding joining has become mainstream.
そして、その溶接方法に関していくつかの提案がなされている。
特許文献１には、チタン合金およびチタン合材部の薄いチタンクラッド鋼の接合を簡便に行うために、チタンまたはチタン合金板の重ね溶接において、抵抗シーム溶接を行った後、該抵抗シーム溶接線に沿ってアーク処理することを特徴とするチタンまたはチタン合金板の接合方法が記載されている。
Several proposals have been made regarding the welding method.
In Patent Document 1, in order to easily join a titanium alloy and a titanium clad steel having a thin titanium alloy part, after resistance seam welding is performed in lap welding of titanium or a titanium alloy plate, the resistance seam welding line is disclosed. A method for joining titanium or titanium alloy plates characterized in that arc treatment is performed along the line.
この方法を図で示したものが図１である。図中、１１は圧痕、１２は圧痕端部、１３はナゲット、１４ａ〜１４ｂはローラ電極、１５はアーク処理トーチ、１６は溶加材、１８は溶接金属を示している。図１においてａ）はダイレクト抵抗シーム溶接部の断面図、ｂ）はダイレクト抵抗シーム溶接後に溶加材なしでアーク処理する例を示す図、ｃ）はダイレクト抵抗シーム溶接後に溶加材ありでアーク処理する例を示す図である。この文献には、ローラ電極による圧痕の形状改善効果によって強度を向上することができたことが記載されている。しかしながら、この方法によると、継手強度は改善されるが、薄金属シートＴ１と薄金属シートＴ２との間に隙間を生じるため、腐食性雰囲気（例えば海水）中では、海水がこの隙間に侵入し、よく知られている隙間腐食を生じることになる。 This method is illustrated in FIG. In the figure, 11 is an indentation, 12 is an indentation end, 13 is a nugget, 14a to 14b are roller electrodes, 15 is an arc treatment torch, 16 is a filler material, and 18 is a weld metal. In FIG. 1, a) is a cross-sectional view of a direct resistance seam weld, b) an example of arc treatment without a filler material after direct resistance seam welding, and c) an arc with a filler material after direct resistance seam welding. It is a figure which shows the example to process. This document describes that the strength could be improved by the effect of improving the shape of the impression by the roller electrode. However, according to this method, the joint strength is improved, but a gap is formed between the thin metal sheet T1 and the thin metal sheet T2, so that seawater enters the gap in a corrosive atmosphere (for example, seawater). It will cause well-known crevice corrosion.
特許文献２には、厚い金属基材と極薄の薄金属シートとを溶接する場合において、抵抗溶接では固相接合となるため十分な強度が得られないという問題があることに鑑みて、抵抗溶接により厚金属基材表面に薄金属シートを固相接合した後、アーク溶接により固相接合部の薄金属と厚金属基材を溶融接合する方法が記載されている。この方法を図２に示した。図中、２１は厚金属基材、２２は薄金属シート、２４は固相接合部、２５はアーク溶接機のトーチ、２６は溶接ビードを示す。 In Patent Document 2, in the case of welding a thick metal substrate and an ultrathin thin metal sheet, resistance welding is a problem that sufficient strength cannot be obtained because resistance welding results in solid phase bonding. A method is described in which after a thin metal sheet is solid-phase bonded to the surface of a thick metal substrate by welding, the thin metal and the thick metal substrate in the solid-phase bonded portion are melt-bonded by arc welding. This method is shown in FIG. In the figure, 21 is a thick metal substrate, 22 is a thin metal sheet, 24 is a solid phase joint, 25 is a torch of an arc welder, and 26 is a weld bead.
この文献には、抵抗溶接によって固相接合部を設けた後アーク溶接によって溶融溶接することによって薄板への過大な入熱を抑制し適正な溶接をすることができる旨記載されている。しかしながら、広い範囲の被覆をするためには１枚以上のシートを重ねて薄板金属相互を接合する必要があり、この方法のみでは薄板金属相互を適正に溶接するには不十分である。すなわち、図３に示すように、薄板相互を強度・耐食性を確保しながら良好に溶接する手法が必要である。 This document describes that, by providing a solid phase joint by resistance welding and then performing melt welding by arc welding, excessive heat input to the thin plate can be suppressed and appropriate welding can be performed. However, in order to cover a wide range, one or more sheets need to be stacked to join the thin metal plates, and this method alone is insufficient to properly weld the thin metal plates together. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, there is a need for a method of welding the thin plates together while ensuring strength and corrosion resistance.
特許文献３には、特別な安全対策が不要で、かつ取り扱いの容易な抵抗溶接法を用い、金属基材に経済的な薄金属シートを被覆する方法を提供することを目的として、金属基材の表面に、金属基材に直接溶接可能な、耐食性または防汚性を有する０．１mm〜１mm未満の薄金属シートを置き、周囲をインダイレクト抵抗シーム溶接法により接合して密封シールする方法が記載されている。
図４にこの方法を示した。図４において、４１は金属基材、４２は薄金属シート、４３は外周端部又は重ね部、４４は中間部（この部分にインダイレクト抵抗溶接を施す）、４６はローラ電極、４７は抵抗溶接部を示す。特許文献３には、この方法により、広い面積を被覆することが可能である旨記載されている。しかしながら、薄金属シート相互の間に隙間を生じるため、隙間腐食が生じる。
In Patent Document 3, a metal substrate is used for the purpose of providing a method for coating an economical thin metal sheet on a metal substrate using a resistance welding method that does not require special safety measures and is easy to handle. A thin metal sheet having a corrosion resistance or antifouling property, which can be directly welded to a metal substrate, is placed on the surface of the metal, and the surroundings are joined and sealed by indirect resistance seam welding. Are listed.
FIG. 4 shows this method. In FIG. 4, 41 is a metal base material, 42 is a thin metal sheet, 43 is an outer peripheral end portion or overlapping portion, 44 is an intermediate portion (indirect resistance welding is applied to this portion), 46 is a roller electrode, and 47 is resistance welding. Indicates the part. Patent Document 3 describes that a large area can be covered by this method. However, since a gap is generated between the thin metal sheets, crevice corrosion occurs.
また、特許文献４には、構造物表面に耐蝕性金属板を被覆するに際し、接合箇所を減少して接合時間を短縮するために、鋼材で形成した構築部材の表面に、複数枚の耐蝕金属板を、隣接する耐蝕金属板の側端部が重なるように当接し、非重ね部をインダイレクトツインスポット溶接および／またはインダイレクトシーム溶接により構築部材に固定した後、隣接する耐蝕金属板の側端部の重ね部、および耐蝕金属板の側端部と構築部材をインダイレクトシーム溶接して固定する方法が記載されている。
しかしながらこの方法においても、特許文献３と同じく、薄金属相互の間に隙間を生じるため、隙間腐食を生じる。
Further, Patent Document 4 discloses that a plurality of corrosion-resistant metals are formed on the surface of a construction member formed of a steel material in order to reduce the joining time by shortening the joining time when the structure surface is coated with a corrosion-resistant metal plate. The plate is abutted so that the side edges of the adjacent corrosion-resistant metal plates overlap, and the non-overlapping part is fixed to the construction member by indirect twin spot welding and / or indirect seam welding, and then the side of the adjacent corrosion-resistant metal plate A method is described in which the overlapping portion of the end portion, the side end portion of the corrosion-resistant metal plate, and the construction member are fixed by indirect seam welding.
However, in this method as well, as in Patent Document 3, a gap is generated between thin metals, and therefore crevice corrosion occurs.
上記のように、従来技術はいずれも溶接部分の耐腐食性に問題があり、長期間にわたる耐用年数を確保することができないという課題がある。 As described above, each of the conventional techniques has a problem in the corrosion resistance of the welded portion, and there is a problem that it is impossible to ensure a long-term service life.
本発明は、海洋構造物、橋梁等の金属構造物における飛沫帯部分を耐食性薄金属シートによって溶接被覆して防食するに際し、外観が良好で溶接部分の耐食性を低下させることのない溶接被覆方法及び該溶接被覆方法を用いて得られる構造物構築部材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a weld coating method that has a good appearance and does not deteriorate the corrosion resistance of the welded part when the splash band part in a metal structure such as an offshore structure or a bridge is welded and coated with a corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet. It aims at providing the structure building member obtained using this welding coating method.
本発明者等が鋭意検討を重ねた結果、海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材表面をステンレス鋼板で被覆するに際して、管状の鋼基材の表面に少なくとも一枚の厚さ０．２〜１．５ｍｍのステンレス鋼板を巻いて、ステンレス鋼板が一枚の場合はその両端部を重ね、また、２枚以上の場合は隣接するステンレス鋼板の端部同士を重ねて、この重ね部の上側ステンレス鋼板の端部と下側ステンレス鋼板とからなる部分（以下「隅角部」という）をアーク溶接により溶融接合することにより、上記の課題を解決することを見いだして本願発明を完成した。 As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, at least one surface of the tubular steel substrate is coated on the surface of the tubular steel substrate when the steel substrate surface of the splash zone in the tubular steel member used for an offshore structure or bridge is covered with a stainless steel plate. Roll a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.5 mm, and if there is only one stainless steel plate, overlap both ends, and if two or more, overlap the ends of adjacent stainless steel plates Then, it has been found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by melt-bonding the portion (hereinafter referred to as “corner portion”) composed of the end portion of the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate of the overlapped portion by arc welding. The present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本願発明は以下に記載する通りの構成を有するものである。
（１）海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材（以下では「厚金属基材」ともいう）の表面に少なくとも一枚の厚さ０．２〜１．５ｍｍのステンレス鋼板（以下では「耐食性薄金属シート」ともいう）を巻いて被覆する方法であって、
ステンレス鋼板が一枚の場合はその両端部を重ね、また、２枚以上の場合は隣接するステンレス鋼板の端部同士を重ね、
次いで、前記重ね部における上側ステンレス鋼板の最端部から１０ｍｍ以内のステンレス鋼板相互間を抵抗シーム溶接することによって、重ね部の上側ステンレス鋼板の端部と下側ステンレス鋼板とからなる隅角部において、上下のステンレス鋼板間の間隔が０．２ｍｍ以下となるようにし、
次いで、該隅角部において、鋼基材が溶融することなく、上側ステンレス鋼板と下側ステンレス鋼板とが溶融溶接するように入熱量を２．５ｋＪ／ｃｍ以下に制御してアーク溶接を行う
ことを特徴とする海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材表面へのステンレス鋼板の溶接被覆方法。
That is, the present invention has a configuration as described below.
(1) At least one sheet having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.5 mm on the surface of a steel substrate (hereinafter also referred to as “thick metal substrate”) of a splash zone in a tubular steel member used for an offshore structure or a bridge. A stainless steel plate (hereinafter also referred to as a “corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet”),
If there is only one stainless steel plate, its both ends are stacked, and if it is two or more, the ends of adjacent stainless steel plates are stacked,
Next, by resistance seam welding between the stainless steel plates within 10 mm from the outermost end of the upper stainless steel plate in the overlapped portion, in the corner portion consisting of the end portion of the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate in the overlapped portion The interval between the upper and lower stainless steel plates is 0.2 mm or less,
Next, arc welding is performed with the heat input controlled to 2.5 kJ / cm or less so that the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate are melt welded without melting the steel substrate at the corner. A method of welding and coating a stainless steel plate on the surface of a steel substrate in a splash zone in a tubular steel member used for an offshore structure or bridge characterized by the above.
（２）前記アーク溶接において、フィラーとしてステンレス鋼板よりも海水に対する耐蝕性に優れたものを用いることを特徴とする上記（１）の海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材表面へのステンレス鋼板の溶接被覆方法。
（３）上記（１）または（２）の溶接被覆方法によって海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材に耐蝕性薄金属シートを被覆する工程を含む製造方法によって製造されたことを特徴とする構造物構築部材。
（４）ステンレス鋼板が鋼基材にスポット溶接または抵抗シーム溶接によって固定されていることを特徴とする上記（３）の構造物構築部材。
(2) In the arc welding, the splash zone portion in tubular steel members used in offshore structures or bridges above (1), characterized in that use it has excellent corrosion resistance to sea water than stainless steel as a filler A method for welding and coating a stainless steel plate on a steel substrate surface.
(3) By the manufacturing method including the step of coating the steel substrate of the splash zone in the tubular steel member used for the marine structure or bridge by the welding coating method of (1) or (2) above, with a corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet. A structure building member manufactured.
(4) The structure construction member according to (3) above, wherein the stainless steel plate is fixed to the steel substrate by spot welding or resistance seam welding.
重ね合わせた薄金属シートの板間に隙間を生じないので耐食性が良好となる。また、強度を確保しながら多数枚の薄金属シートを厚金属基材に被覆することが可能となる。更に特許文献３の方法では固相接合部と溶融溶接部との距離に高精度が必要とされたが、本発明方法ではアーク溶接のみを考慮した精度管理を行えばよいという利点がある。 Since no gap is generated between the stacked thin metal sheets, the corrosion resistance is improved. In addition, a large number of thin metal sheets can be coated on a thick metal substrate while ensuring strength. Furthermore, in the method of Patent Document 3, high accuracy is required for the distance between the solid-phase joint and the fusion weld. However, the method of the present invention has an advantage that it is only necessary to perform accuracy control considering only arc welding.
厚金属基材表面に耐食性薄金属シートを被覆するに際しては次の要件を満たすことが必要である。
（１）厚金属基材表面から耐食性薄金属シートが剥がれないこと。
（２）溶接部錆びないこと。
（３）海水が侵入しないこと
When coating a thick metal substrate surface with a corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet, it is necessary to satisfy the following requirements.
(1) The corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet is not peeled off from the surface of the thick metal substrate.
(2) The welded part should not rust.
(3) Seawater should not enter
すなわち、耐食性薄金属シートを貫通して厚金属基材を溶融すると、溶接個所は溶接の際に組成の変化が生じており、元の材料の耐食性よりも劣るのが普通である。例えば、基材として炭素鋼を用いた場合、溶着部の金属組成が耐食性金属と基材金属との中間の組成となってＣｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ等の成分が減少して耐食性を確保することが困難となる。また、材質によっては溶接時に金属間化合物が生成したり、組成が変化することにより、溶着部が割れやすくなったり、接合強度が十分でない等の理由により、時間の経過によって密封性が悪くなり海水が侵入することがある。 That is, when the thick metal substrate is melted through the corrosion-resistant thin metal sheet, the composition of the welded portion is changed during welding, which is usually inferior to the corrosion resistance of the original material. For example, when carbon steel is used as the base material, the metal composition of the welded portion becomes an intermediate composition between the corrosion-resistant metal and the base metal, and the components such as Cr, Ni, and Mo are reduced to ensure the corrosion resistance. It becomes difficult. Depending on the material, an intermetallic compound may be formed during welding, the composition may change, the weld may be easily cracked, or the bonding strength may be insufficient. May invade.
本発明の方法においては、管状の厚鋼基材表面上にステンレス鋼板をステンレス鋼板が一枚の場合はその両端部が、また、２枚以上の場合は隣接するステンレス鋼板の端部同士が重なり合うようにして仮止めし、この重ね合わせた部分（以下、この重ね合わせた部分を「重ね部」といい、それ以外の部分を「非重ね部」という。）をアーク溶接によって溶融溶接する。アーク溶接によって溶融溶接を行うので接合強度は十分に高くなり、板の端部を溶接するため隙間が生じず、また、厚肉鋼基材に溶融溶接が及ばないように溶接するため溶接部の耐食性が損なわれることがない。本発明は上記のような構成を採用することにより、上記（１）〜（３）の要件を満たす溶接を可能にしたものであり、耐用年数を飛躍的に伸ばすことを可能にしたものである。 In the method of the present invention, when the stainless steel plate is a single stainless steel plate on the surface of the tubular thick steel substrate, both ends thereof overlap , and when two or more, the ends of adjacent stainless steel plates overlap each other. Thus, the overlapped portion (hereinafter, the overlapped portion is referred to as “overlap portion” and the other portion is referred to as “non-overlap portion”) is melt-welded by arc welding . Since fusion welding is performed by arc welding, the joint strength is sufficiently high, and there is no gap because the end of the plate is welded, and welding is performed so that fusion welding does not reach the thick steel substrate. Corrosion resistance is not impaired. By adopting the above-described configuration, the present invention enables welding that satisfies the above requirements (1) to (3), and can dramatically extend the service life. .
本発明において用いる被覆材料としては、耐食性及び防汚性を有するステンレス鋼板を用いる。ステンレス鋼板の厚みは０．２〜１．５ｍｍである。 As the coating material used in the present invention, a stainless steel plate having corrosion resistance and antifouling properties is used. The thickness of the stainless steel plate is 0.2 to 1.5 mm.
本発明の溶接被覆方法を図５のブロック図に基づいて説明する。
図５において５１は厚金属基材、５２は薄金属シートを示している。まず鋼板や鋼管などの厚金属基材１の上に高耐食性薄金属シート５２をスポット溶接又は抵抗シーム溶接などによって仮止めする。次に溶接トーチ５３、押えローラ５４、加圧バネ５５を配置した台車５７を走行させながら溶接する。これにより薄金属シートを押さえつけながら溶接を行うことができる。
The weld coating method of the present invention will be described based on the block diagram of FIG.
In FIG. 5, 51 indicates a thick metal substrate, and 52 indicates a thin metal sheet. First, a highly corrosion-resistant
また、上記の方法を厚金属基材の表面に重ねた薄金属シート相互、及び薄金属シートと厚金属基材に順次適用することにより、金属構造物を被覆する全ての重ね合わせた薄金属シートを結合することが可能であり、更に溶接部は重ね合わせた板の端部に存在するので、図１に示したような隙間を形成することがなく、高耐食性の被覆を実現することが可能となる。なお、干満部から離れているような耐食性が多少低下してもよい部分においては、適正な溶接材を用いて、図１２に示すように直接アーク溶接する方法によって行うことができる。例えば、薄金属シートがＳＵＳ３１６Ｌであり、厚金属基材が軟鋼であるとき、適正な溶接材としてはインコネル６２５を用いることができる。
また、シートを重ねる範囲を適切に選定することにより、耐食性が低下しても良い部分まで、薄金属シートと厚金属基材との接合部を移動させることにより、十分な耐食性を確保することができる。
Moreover, all the laminated thin metal sheets which coat a metal structure by sequentially applying the above method to the thin metal sheets laminated on the surface of the thick metal substrate and to the thin metal sheet and the thick metal substrate. In addition, since the welded portion exists at the end of the stacked plates, a gap as shown in FIG. 1 is not formed, and a highly corrosion-resistant coating can be realized. It becomes. In addition, it can carry out by the method of direct arc welding as shown in FIG. 12 using a suitable welding material in the part where corrosion resistance which is separated from the tidal part may be somewhat lowered. For example, when the thin metal sheet is SUS316L and the thick metal base material is mild steel, Inconel 625 can be used as an appropriate welding material.
In addition, by appropriately selecting the range in which the sheets are stacked, it is possible to ensure sufficient corrosion resistance by moving the joint between the thin metal sheet and the thick metal substrate to a portion where the corrosion resistance may be lowered. it can.
非重ね部もしくは重ね部の溶接はスポット溶接又は抵抗シーム溶接によって厚金属基材に固定することが好ましい。この溶接法であると片側から溶接することができ、またシート端部ではなくシートの内側部分を溶接固定することができるというメリットがあり、アーク溶接ほど技量を必要としないので、実施工上のメリットもある。更にこの溶接法によると基本的には薄金属シートの表面が溶融することがないので、耐食性についても問題がないというメリットがある。図６に非重ね部の溶接をスポット溶接又は抵抗シーム溶接によって行う例を示す。 The welding of the non-overlapping portion or the overlapping portion is preferably fixed to the thick metal substrate by spot welding or resistance seam welding. This welding method has the advantage that it can be welded from one side and the inner part of the sheet can be welded and fixed, not the end of the sheet, and requires less skill than arc welding. There are also benefits. Further, according to this welding method, the surface of the thin metal sheet is basically not melted, so that there is an advantage that there is no problem with respect to corrosion resistance. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the non-overlapping portion is welded by spot welding or resistance seam welding.
アーク溶接を行う個所は重ね部の上側ステンレス鋼板の端部とする。このようにすると隙間が生じることがないので、隙間腐食を防止することができる。
また、図７に本発明の方法を示したが、アーク溶接時における重ね部の溶接個所におけるステンレス鋼板間の隙間（Ｌ）は０．２ｍｍ以下とする。適正条件でも隙間（Ｌ）が０．２ｍｍを超えると穴あきが発生しやすくなる。０．２ｍｍ以下であると穴あきが発生しない。
上記の隙間（Ｌ）を０．２ｍｍ以下に制御する方法としては例えば次のような方法がある。
Location for performing arc welding and an end portion of the upper stainless steel plate overlapping portion. In this way, no gap is generated, and therefore crevice corrosion can be prevented.
Also, although the method of the present invention in FIG. 7, the gap between the stainless steel plate at the weld point of the overlapping portion at the time of arc welding (L) is set to 0.2mm or less. If the gap (L) exceeds 0.2 mm even under appropriate conditions, perforation tends to occur. If it is 0.2 mm or less, no perforation occurs.
Examples of a method for controlling the gap (L) to 0.2 mm or less include the following method.
（ａ）溶接個所近傍をローラによって押さえつけながら溶接する方法
このようなローラとしては小径のベアリングを用いることができ、またローラ位置は重ね部上板に位置し、その端部から５ｍｍから１５ｍｍ程度離れ、少なくとも進行方向前方に1個位置する必要がある。ワイヤを前方から送給するためワイヤとの干渉、シールドガスノズルとの干渉、およびアークによる過熱を防止するため、一般に５ｍｍ以上近づけることは困難であり、必要以上に遠ざけると加圧による隙間の減少効果が認められなくなる。
図８にこの方法の概念図を示す。配置の一例を図９に示す。ここでは後方にも押えローラを配置した。
(A) Method of welding while pressing the vicinity of the welding point with a roller As such a roller, a small-diameter bearing can be used, and the roller position is located on the upper plate of the overlap portion, and is separated from the end by about 5 mm to 15 mm. It is necessary to position at least one forward in the traveling direction. Since the wire is fed from the front, interference with the wire, interference with the shield gas nozzle, and overheating due to arc are generally prevented, and it is generally difficult to bring the wire closer than 5 mm. Is no longer allowed.
FIG. 8 shows a conceptual diagram of this method. An example of the arrangement is shown in FIG. Here, a presser roller is also arranged at the rear.
（ｂ）重ね部の上側薄金属シート端部を厚金属基材側に折り曲げる方法
この方法は厚金属基材が鋼管であり、鋼管の周囲に薄金属シートを端部が重なるように巻き付けた場合に特に有効な方法である。図１０にこの方法の概念図を示す。
まず、鋼管の周囲に端部を折り曲げた薄金属シート端部と折り曲げられていない端部とが重なるようにして巻き付ける。この際、重ね部において下側になる端部から適宜の距離離れた部分をスポット溶接又は抵抗シーム溶接によって厚金属基材に固定しておくことが好ましい。端部が折り曲げられていることによって図示したように端部間の隙間がなくなっており、この重ね部の上側薄金属シート端部をアーク溶接によって溶融接合することによって薄金属シート相互を接合できる。
(B) Method of folding the upper thin metal sheet end of the overlapped portion toward the thick metal substrate side This method is when the thick metal substrate is a steel pipe and the thin metal sheet is wrapped around the steel pipe so that the end overlaps This is a particularly effective method. FIG. 10 shows a conceptual diagram of this method.
First, it winds so that the edge part of the thin metal sheet which bent the edge part around the steel pipe may overlap with the edge part which is not bent. At this time, it is preferable to fix a portion at an appropriate distance from the lower end portion in the overlapped portion to the thick metal substrate by spot welding or resistance seam welding. Since the end portions are bent, there is no gap between the end portions as shown in the figure, and the thin metal sheets can be joined to each other by melting and joining the upper thin metal sheet ends of the overlapped portion by arc welding.
（ｃ）重ね部をアーク溶接するに先立って重ね部を事前接合する方法
重ね部をアーク溶接するに先立って重ね部を事前接合することにより重ね部の上側薄金属シート同士の間隔を狭めることができる。
この重ね部の事前接合のための溶接法としては抵抗シーム溶接法または間欠抵抗シーム溶接法あるいは抵抗スポット溶接法を採用することができる。なおここで言う間欠抵抗シーム溶接法とは、例えば通常抵抗シーム溶接法で用いられる加熱時間１〜６サイクル、冷却時間２〜１４サイクルの通電・休止サイクルよりも冷却時間を長く、例えば２０〜１００サイクル程度にすることにより材料への入熱を軽減することを目的とした方法である。
間欠抵抗シーム溶接法を用いれば、構造全体の変形を軽減できるので隙間を少なくすることが容易になる。事前接合の位置は端部から１０ｍｍ以内であればよい。このように重ね部を事前接合することにより隙間を防止することができる。
(C) A method of pre-joining the overlapped portion prior to arc welding of the overlapped portion The gap between the upper thin metal sheets of the overlapped portion may be reduced by prejoining the overlapped portion prior to arc welding of the overlapped portion. it can.
A resistance seam welding method, an intermittent resistance seam welding method, or a resistance spot welding method can be employed as a welding method for pre-joining the overlapping portions. The intermittent resistance seam welding method referred to here is, for example, a cooling time longer than the energization / rest cycle of 1 to 6 cycles of heating time and 2 to 14 cycles of cooling time used in the normal resistance seam welding method. It is a method aiming to reduce heat input to the material by making it about a cycle.
If the intermittent resistance seam welding method is used, the deformation of the entire structure can be reduced, so that it becomes easy to reduce the gap. The pre-bonding position may be within 10 mm from the end. Thus, a gap can be prevented by pre-joining the overlapping portion.
溶接時の入熱量は２．５ｋＪ／ｃｍ以下とすることが望ましい
溶接熱サイクルにより薄金属シートは塑性変形を生じ、結果として板厚方向への波打ちあるいは板面内の回転が生じる。板厚方向の変形は隙間を変化させ、回転変形が大きいと溶接中に倣いの必要性が生じる。これらの変形は溶接熱サイクルに起因するため、鋼材への入熱が大になれば変形は増し、小になれば変形が減るという傾向になる。
It is desirable that the heat input during welding be 2.5 kJ / cm or less. The thin metal sheet undergoes plastic deformation due to the welding heat cycle, and as a result, corrugation in the plate thickness direction or rotation within the plate surface occurs. The deformation in the plate thickness direction changes the gap, and if the rotational deformation is large, it becomes necessary to copy during welding. Since these deformations are caused by the welding heat cycle, the deformation increases as the heat input to the steel increases, and the deformation decreases as the heat input decreases.
ＴＩＧ溶接では ７５Ａ、１０Ｖ、２０ｃｍ／分のとき入熱は２．２５ ｋＪ／ｃｍ、プラズマ溶接では６０Ａ、２０Ｖ、８０ｃｍ／分のとき入熱は０．９ ｋＪ／ｃｍで良好な溶接ができており、上記の考察から２．５ｋＪ／ｃｍより小さい入熱が望ましい。
また、０．４ｍｍの重ね溶接部に脚長３ｍｍ程度の小さいすみ肉溶接をおくものとした時、溶接部を融点まで上げるには、単位長さ（１ｃｍ）あたりにＱ＝ｃρＶΔＴで与えられる熱量Ｑを与える必要がある。
With TIG welding, heat input is 2.25 kJ / cm at 75 A, 10 V, 20 cm / min, and with welding at 60 A, 20 V, 80 cm / min at plasma welding, heat input is 0.9 kJ / cm. In view of the above, a heat input smaller than 2.5 kJ / cm is desirable.
Further, when a fillet weld having a leg length of about 3 mm is placed on a 0.4 mm lap weld, in order to raise the weld to the melting point, the amount of heat Q given by Q = cρVΔT per unit length (1 cm) Need to give.
ここに、３０４ステンレス鋼の以下の物性値
ｃ（比熱） ： ０．１２ｃａｌ／ｇ／℃
ρ（密度） ： ８ｇ／ｃｍ３
ΔＴ（溶融点までの温度上昇） ： １４００℃
及び
Ｖ（体積） ： ０．００６ｃｍ３ （＝0.04[cm］×0.3[cm]÷2×1[cm]）
を代入すると、Ｑ＝８ｃａｌ／ｃｍ＝３４Ｊ／ｃｍとなる。
Here, the following physical properties of 304 stainless steel c (specific heat): 0.12 cal / g / ° C.
ρ (density): 8 g / cm 3
ΔT (temperature rise to melting point): 1400 ° C
And V (volume): 0.006 cm 3 (= 0.04 [cm] × 0.3 [cm] ÷ 2 × 1 [cm])
Is substituted, Q = 8 cal / cm = 34 J / cm.
母材に与えた全熱量のうち、一部は熱伝導により散逸し溶融に寄与しないことが知られているが、溶融効率（＝溶接ビードを融点までに上げるのに必要な熱量／母材への全熱量（電流×電圧））は、ＴＩＧあるいはプラズマ溶接の場合にはおよそ１０〜２０％と考えられているので、少なくとも３４÷０．２＝１７０Ｊ／ｃｍ＝０．１７ｋＪ／ｃｍの入熱を与えることが必要である。 It is known that some of the total amount of heat applied to the base metal is dissipated by heat conduction and does not contribute to melting, but the melting efficiency (= the amount of heat required to raise the weld bead to the melting point / base metal) The total heat quantity (current x voltage) is considered to be approximately 10 to 20% in the case of TIG or plasma welding, so at least 34 ÷ 0.2 = 170 J / cm = 0.17 kJ / cm heat input It is necessary to give
アーク溶接に際してはフィラーとして薄金属シートの耐食性よりも高耐食性のものを用いることが好ましい。例えば高耐食性ステンレス鋼は組成を制御することに加えて、圧延、熱処理をすることにより各種性能を確保している。溶接を行うと溶接金属は溶融・凝固するのみであるから、母材については実施されている圧延，熱処理による耐食性の向上は期待できない。
したがって、溶融・凝固するのみでも必要とする性能を満足するように成分を調整した高耐食性のフィラーを用いることが必要である。
In arc welding, it is preferable to use a filler having a higher corrosion resistance than the corrosion resistance of the thin metal sheet. For example, high corrosion resistance stainless steel ensures various performances by rolling and heat treatment in addition to controlling the composition. When welding is performed, the weld metal only melts and solidifies, so that the base material cannot be expected to improve corrosion resistance by rolling and heat treatment.
Therefore, it is necessary to use a highly corrosion-resistant filler whose components are adjusted so as to satisfy the required performance only by melting and solidifying.
材料及び装置として次のものを用いた。
薄金属シート：１０００mm幅×１４００mm長さ×０．４mm厚のＳＵＳ
厚金属基材 ：外径９００mm×１５００mmの炭素鋼管
締付け用バンド：布製締付けバックル付き
溶接装置：ハンディスポット溶接機
ＴＩＧ溶接機（台車走行式）
The following materials and equipment were used.
Thin metal sheet: 1000 mm wide x 1400 mm long x 0.4 mm thick SUS
Thick metal substrate: Carbon steel pipe with outer diameter of 900mm x 1500mm Tightening band: With cloth tightening buckle Welding device: Handy spot welder
TIG welding machine (cart traveling type)
鋼管のＳＵＳ貼付け部のＳＵＳ縁端が当接する部位の全辺について幅３０ｍｍでグラインダー研磨を施すと共に、ＳＵＳ重ね部の上板の縁端を中心に幅５０ｍｍグラインダー研磨を施した。
次いで、ＳＵＳ材１枚を鋼管の両端部を５０ｍｍ残して鋼管に巻き付け、締付け用バンドで締付けたのち、位置決めスポット溶接を施した。このスポット溶接はＳＵＳの縁端から１０ｍｍの位置に２００ｍｍピッチで全辺について行った。
The entire side of the portion where the SUS edge of the SUS affixing portion of the steel pipe abuts was subjected to grinder polishing with a width of 30 mm, and the width of 50 mm was applied around the edge of the upper plate of the SUS overlapped portion.
Next, one SUS material was wound around the steel pipe leaving 50 mm at both ends of the steel pipe, clamped with a clamping band, and then subjected to positioning spot welding. This spot welding was performed on all sides at a pitch of 200 mm at a
次に、２枚目のＳＵＳ材を１枚目のＳＵＳ材とのラップ代を１００ｍｍとして重ねて巻き付け、締付け用バンドで締付けたのち、位置決めスポット溶接を施した。このスポット溶接はＳＵＳ縁端から１０ｍｍの位置に２００ｍｍピッチでラップ縁端以外の３辺について行った。
次に、ラップ縁端に拘束スポット溶接を施した。この拘束スポット溶接は、下板、上板とも縁端から１０ｍｍの位置にピッチ１５ｍｍで行った。
Next, the second SUS material was overlapped with the first SUS material with a lapping margin of 100 mm, wound, tightened with a tightening band, and then subjected to positioning spot welding. This spot welding was performed on three sides other than the lap edge at a pitch of 200 mm at a
Next, restraint spot welding was performed on the edge of the lap. This restraint spot welding was performed at a pitch of 15 mm at a
上記のスポット溶接の条件を表１に示す。
また、スポット溶接が完了した後、ラップ縁端のＳＵＳ重ね部の拘束スポット打点間のギャップを計測したところ、表２のとおりであった。
重ね部の上板端縁部をＴＩＧ溶接した。溶接部を調べたところ隙間が０．３ｍｍ以上あった個所では穴のあいたところがあったが、隙間が０ｍｍの個所では穴あきがなく、ビード外観は良好であった。
図１１に溶接部分の状態を示す。
図１１（ａ）は隙間（Ｌ）が０ｍｍの溶接個所の状態を示すものであり、図１１（ｂ）は隙間（Ｌ）が０．３ｍｍの溶接個所の状態を示すものである。図１１（ａ）では溶接ビードが良好な状態を示しているのに対し、図１１（ｂ）では穴あきが見られる。
The above spot welding conditions are shown in Table 1.
Further, after the spot welding was completed, the gap between the constrained spot hit points of the SUS overlapping portion at the lap edge was measured, and as shown in Table 2.
The upper plate edge of the overlapped portion was TIG welded. When the welded portion was examined, there was a hole in the portion where the gap was 0.3 mm or more, but there was no hole in the portion where the gap was 0 mm, and the bead appearance was good.
FIG. 11 shows the state of the welded portion.
FIG. 11 (a) shows the state of the welded part where the gap (L) is 0 mm, and FIG. 11 (b) shows the state of the welded part where the gap (L) is 0.3 mm. In FIG. 11A, the weld bead is in a good state, whereas in FIG. 11B, a hole is seen.
実施例１と同様にして位置決めスポット溶接及び拘束スポット溶接を施した。
次に、図８に概略図を示したように、押さえローラによって押さえ付けることによって、ＴＩＧ溶接部における隙間をなくすようにしてＴＩＧ溶接を行った。この結果、溶接部には穴あきがなくビード外観は良好なものであった。
In the same manner as in Example 1, positioning spot welding and restraint spot welding were performed.
Next, as shown schematically in FIG. 8, TIG welding was performed by eliminating the gap in the TIG welded portion by pressing with a pressing roller. As a result, there was no hole in the weld and the bead appearance was good.
実施例１においてＳＵＳ材として４００ｍｍ幅×１４００ｍｍ長さ×０．４ｍｍ厚のものを用いたこと及び２枚目のＳＵＳ材の上板端部を鋼管側へ折り曲げ加工したことを除いては実施例１と同様にして溶接を行った。
本実施例ではＳＵＳ材に折り曲げ加工をしたことによってＴＩＧ溶接部の隙間（Ｌ）が０ｍｍとなったため、穴あきは生じなかった。また、ビード外観は良好であった。
Example 1 except that in Example 1, a SUS material having a width of 400 mm × 1400 mm length × 0.4 mm was used and the upper plate end of the second SUS material was bent to the steel pipe side. Welding was carried out in the same manner as in 1.
In this example, since the clearance (L) of the TIG welded portion was 0 mm by bending the SUS material, no perforation occurred. Also, the bead appearance was good.
本発明の溶接被覆方法によって得られた構造物は、外観が良好で溶接部分の耐食性が低下することがないので、耐用年数を飛躍的に延ばすことができるので、海洋構造物等の耐食性が要求される用途における利用性が高い。 Since the structure obtained by the welding coating method of the present invention has a good appearance and does not deteriorate the corrosion resistance of the welded portion, the service life can be drastically increased, so the corrosion resistance of offshore structures and the like is required. Is highly available for use.
１１ 圧痕
１２ 圧痕端部
１３ ナゲット
１４ａ〜１４ｄ ローラ電極
１５ アーク処理トーチ
１６ 溶加材
１８ 溶接金属
２１ 厚金属基材、
２２ 薄金属シート、
２４ 固相接合部、
２５ アーク溶接機のトーチ、
２６ 溶接ビードを示す。
４１ 金属基材、
４２ 薄金属シート、
４３ 外周端部又は重ね部、
４４ 中間部
４６ ローラ電極、
４７ 抵抗溶接部
５１ 厚金属基材、
５２ 薄金属シート
５３ 溶接トーチ
５４ 押えローラ
５５ 加圧バネ
５６ アーク溶接部
５７ 台車
DESCRIPTION OF
22 Thin metal sheet,
24 Solid phase junction,
25 Torch of arc welding machine,
26 Indicates a weld bead.
41 metal substrate,
42 thin metal sheet,
43 peripheral edge or overlapped part,
44
47
52 Thin Metal Sheet 53
Claims (4)
ステンレス鋼板が一枚の場合はその両端部を重ね、また、２枚以上の場合は隣接するステンレス鋼板の端部同士を重ね、
次いで、前記重ね部における上側ステンレス鋼板の最端部から１０ｍｍ以内のステンレス鋼板相互間を抵抗シーム溶接することによって、重ね部の上側ステンレス鋼板の端部と下側ステンレス鋼板とからなる隅角部において、上下のステンレス鋼板間の間隔が０．２ｍｍ以下となるようにし、
次いで、該隅角部において、鋼基材が溶融することなく、上側ステンレス鋼板と下側ステンレス鋼板とが溶融溶接するように入熱量を２．５ｋＪ／ｃｍ以下に制御してアーク溶接を行う
ことを特徴とする海洋構造物または橋梁に用いられる管状鋼部材における飛沫帯部分の鋼基材表面へのステンレス鋼板の溶接被覆方法。 A method of covering at least one stainless steel plate having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.5 mm on a surface of a steel base material of a splash zone in a tubular steel member used for an offshore structure or a bridge ,
If there is only one stainless steel plate, its both ends are stacked, and if it is two or more, the ends of adjacent stainless steel plates are stacked,
Next, by resistance seam welding between the stainless steel plates within 10 mm from the outermost end of the upper stainless steel plate in the overlapped portion, in the corner portion consisting of the end portion of the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate in the overlapped portion The interval between the upper and lower stainless steel plates is 0.2 mm or less,
Next, arc welding is performed with the heat input controlled to 2.5 kJ / cm or less so that the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate are melt welded without melting the steel substrate at the corner. A method of welding and coating a stainless steel plate on the surface of a steel substrate in a splash zone in a tubular steel member used for an offshore structure or bridge characterized by the above.
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