JP4969373B2 - 有害生物防除剤 - Google Patents
有害生物防除剤 Download PDFInfo
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Description
thompsonii、Metarhizium anisopliae、Monacrosporium phymatophagum、Neozygites floridana、Paecilomyces fumosoroseus、P. tenuipos、Beauveria bassiana、B. brongniartiiなどを挙げることができる。これらの中で、ハダニ類、アブラムシ類、コナジラミ類、アザミウマ類などの微小な害虫類に寄生するボーベリア・バッシアナ(Beauveria bassiana)が好適である。また、殺菌性または増殖抑制性糸状菌を利用することもでき、その具体例としては、例えば、Trichoderma atroviride(トリコデルマ アトロビリデ)が挙げられる。天敵糸状菌としては、通常、上記糸状菌の菌体を直接用いることができ、あるいは胞子を乾燥したものを用いることもできる。しかして、本明細書において、「天敵糸状菌」なる語は、糸状菌菌体、乾燥胞子などを包含する意味で使用するものである。
BuiBui系統;Bacillus popilliaeのsemadara系統などの殺虫性細菌を挙げることができる。これらの中で、ハスモンヨトウ、シロイチモジヨトウ、ヨトウムシなどの鱗翅目害虫類に寄生するバチルス・チューリンゲンシスの亜種アイザワイ系統(Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai)またはコナガ、アオムシなどの鱗翅目害虫類に寄生するバチルス・チューリンゲンシスの亜種クルスターキ系統(Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki)が好適である。また、殺菌性または増殖抑制性細菌を利用することもでき、例えば、バチルス ズブチリス(Bacillus subtilis)、バチルス シンプレクス(Bacillus simplex)、シュードモナス フルオレッセンス(Pseudomonas fluorescens)などが挙げられる。これらの天敵細菌は、通常、生芽胞の形態で使用され、またはこれらの天敵細菌が産生する結晶毒素を用いることもできる。しかして、本明細書において、「天敵細菌」なる語は、生芽胞のみならず、細菌が産生する結晶毒素などをも包含する意味で使用するものである。
水和剤、顆粒水和剤、水中懸濁剤・水中乳濁剤などのフロアブル剤、粉剤、粒剤、マイクロカプセル剤等の形態に製剤化して有害生物防除剤として使用することが好ましい。これらの製剤中における有効成分の濃度は、剤型により異なるが、一般的には、約0.01〜約95重量%の範囲内とすることができる。
〜1000ppmの範囲内、天敵ウイルスの場合、包埋体として、一般に5.0×102〜1.0×1010個/ml、好ましくは5.0×104〜1.0×107個/mlの範囲内であり、また、還元澱粉糖化物は一般に50〜100000ppm、好ましくは300〜60000ppmの範囲内の濃度で施用することができる。
還元澱粉糖化物PO−30(固形分濃度70%)85.71重量%、ジアルキルスルホ琥珀酸エステル塩・プロピレングリコール・水配合品2.50重量%、アルキルポリグリコシド3.0重量%、椰子脂肪酸0.5重量%および水8.29重量%の混合物1gに対しボーベリア・バッシアナを1.6×1010胞子の割合で混合・分散してフロアブル剤を得る。
還元澱粉糖化物PO−30(固形分濃度70%)85.71重量%、ジアルキルスルホ琥珀酸エステル塩・プロピレングリコール・水配合品2.50重量%、椰子脂肪酸0.5重量%および水11.29重量%の混合物1gに対しボーベリア・バッシアナを1.6×1010胞子の割合で混合・分散してフロアブル剤を得る。
還元澱粉糖化物PO−30(固形分濃度70%)85.71重量%、ジアルキルスルホ琥珀酸エステル塩・プロピレングリコール・水配合品2.5重量%、アルキルポリグリコシド3.0重量%、グリセリン2.5重量%、椰子脂肪酸0.5重量%および水5.79重量%の混合物1gに対しボーベリア・バッシアナ1.6×1010胞子の割合で混合・分散してフロアブル剤を得る。
下記表1に示す各供試薬剤を、アクリルハウス内のポット植えナスに自然発生したモモアカアブラムシに対し、乾電池式散布機を用いて、1区あたり約150mlを散布した(1区1ポット3連制)。散布直前ならびに散布の4、7および14日後にマークした5葉についてモモアカアブラムシ成幼虫数を調査した。その結果も表1に示す。
A:還元澱粉糖化物60重量%含有液剤(協友アグリ株式会社製、エコピタ液剤)
B:Beauveria bassiana胞子1.6×1010個/ml含有乳剤(
アリスタライフサイエンス株式会社製、ボタニガードES)。
下記表2に示す各供試薬剤を、アクリルハウス内のポット植えナスに自然発生したオンシツコナジラミに対し、乾電池式散布機を用いて、1区あたり約150mlを散布した(1区1ポット3連制)。散布直前ならびに散布の4、7および14日後にマークした5葉
についてオンシツコナジラミ幼虫数を調査した。その結果を表2に示す。なお、供試薬剤および濃度は試験例1と同じである。
Claims (6)
- 天敵糸状菌、天敵細菌および天敵ウイルスから選ばれる少なくとも1種の天敵微生物と還元澱粉糖化物とを組み合わせてなる有害生物防除剤。
- 天敵糸状菌が殺虫性糸状菌である請求項1に記載の有害生物防除剤。
- 天敵糸状菌がボーベリア・バッシアナ(Beauveria bassiana)である請求項1または2に記載の有害生物防除剤。
- 天敵糸状菌、天敵細菌および天敵ウイルスから選ばれる少なくとも1種の天敵微生物と還元澱粉糖化物を、有害生物またはその生息場所に施用することを特徴とする有害生物防除方法。
- 天敵糸状菌を胞子数にして1.6×106〜3.2×108個/mlの範囲内の濃度となるように水で希釈して施用する請求項4に記載の有害生物防除方法。
- 還元澱粉糖化物を300〜60000ppmの範囲内の濃度となるように水で希釈して施用する請求項4または5に記載の有害生物防除方法。
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