JP4966499B2 - Nitrogen fertilizer composition - Google Patents

Nitrogen fertilizer composition Download PDF

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JP4966499B2
JP4966499B2 JP2005006399A JP2005006399A JP4966499B2 JP 4966499 B2 JP4966499 B2 JP 4966499B2 JP 2005006399 A JP2005006399 A JP 2005006399A JP 2005006399 A JP2005006399 A JP 2005006399A JP 4966499 B2 JP4966499 B2 JP 4966499B2
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nitrogen
mass
nitrogen fertilizer
fertilizer composition
calcium aluminate
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JP2006193368A (en
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博志 佐々木
拓司 直川
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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Description

本発明は、窒素肥料組成物に関する。   The present invention relates to a nitrogen fertilizer composition.

肥料の3要素の一つである窒素は、アンモニア態窒素又はそれが土壌中の微生物によって硝酸化成した硝酸態窒素の形態として根から吸収されるが、アンモニア態窒素の方が肥効が大きい。アンモニア態窒素は土壌中で陽イオンとなり、負の荷電を有する土壌コロイドに吸着するので、地下水等で流亡することは少ないが、やがて陰イオンである硝酸態窒素に変化すると流亡しすくなる。ここで、アンモニア態窒素としては、例えばアンモニア、アンモニウム塩、尿素態窒素、有機態窒素、シアナミド態窒素由来のアンモニア態窒素等を例示することができる。   Nitrogen, which is one of the three elements of fertilizer, is absorbed from the roots in the form of ammonia nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen that is nitrated by microorganisms in the soil, but ammonia nitrogen has a greater fertilization effect. Ammonia nitrogen becomes a cation in the soil and adsorbs to negatively charged soil colloids, so it rarely flows away in groundwater or the like, but eventually changes to nitrate nitrogen which is an anion. Here, examples of ammonia nitrogen include ammonia, ammonium salt, urea nitrogen, organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen derived from cyanamide nitrogen, and the like.

このような流亡を軽減させるため、窒素肥料を緩効性とすることが種々提案されている。たとえば、合成樹脂、パラフィン類、油脂類、硫黄等で被覆する(特許文献1)、微生物の働きを抑える硝酸化成抑制剤を添加する(非特許文献1)などである。しかしながら、今日の要求は一段と高く、緩効性を更に高めた窒素肥料の出現が待たれている。
特公昭54−3104号公報 三幣正巳 硝酸化成抑制剤に関する研究(I)、農業技術研究所報告B No.23 pp79−146(1972)
In order to reduce such runaway, various proposals have been made to make the nitrogen fertilizer slow-acting. For example, it is coated with a synthetic resin, paraffins, oils and fats, sulfur or the like (Patent Document 1), or a nitrification inhibitor that suppresses the action of microorganisms is added (Non-Patent Document 1). However, today's demand is much higher, and the emergence of nitrogen fertilizer with further enhanced slow-release is awaited.
Japanese Patent Publication No.54-3104 Masanori Sanzen Research on nitrification inhibitors (I), Agricultural Technology Research Institute Report B No. 23 pp 79-146 (1972)

本発明の目的は、土壌中におけるアンモニア態窒素の存在期間を延ばした窒素肥料を提供することである。   The objective of this invention is providing the nitrogen fertilizer which extended the presence period of ammonia nitrogen in soil.

本発明は、カルシウムアルミネートを含有してなる窒素肥料組成物である。また、本発明は、Al2O3が40〜65質量%、CaOが35〜60質量%を含むカルシウムアルミネートを3〜30質量%含有してなる窒素肥料組成物である。いずれの窒素肥料組成物にあっても、窒素肥料が石灰窒素肥料であることが好ましい。   The present invention is a nitrogen fertilizer composition containing calcium aluminate. Moreover, this invention is a nitrogen fertilizer composition formed by containing 3-30 mass% of calcium aluminates containing 40-65 mass% Al2O3 and 35-60 mass% CaO. In any nitrogen fertilizer composition, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably lime nitrogen fertilizer.

本発明の窒素肥料組成物は、土壌中におけるアンモニア態窒素の存在期間が延長する。その結果、アンモニア態窒素を植物体に吸収せる機会がより多くなるので、より良好な植物体の生育が期待できる。   The nitrogen fertilizer composition of the present invention extends the existence period of ammonia nitrogen in the soil. As a result, the opportunity to absorb the ammonia nitrogen in the plant body is increased, so that better plant growth can be expected.

本発明でいうカルシウムアルミネートとは、カルシウムとアルミナとを基本成分とする化合物を意味し、その非晶質、結晶質、更には固溶体などの結晶形態には制約はない。それを例示すれば、CがCaO、AがAl2O3を表すとして、C3A、CA、C12A7、CA2等のカルシウムアルミネートや、これらの組成を有する無定形カルシウムアルミネートや、更にはフッ素、塩素等のハロゲン元素ないしはナトリウム等のアルカリ金属元素などが固溶したカルシウムアルミネートの固溶物などであり、これらの一種又は二種以上が使用される。化学組成としては、Al2O3が40〜65質量%、CaOが35〜60質量%を含むカルシウムアルミネートが好ましく、特にAl2O3が45〜65質量%、CaOが35〜55質量%を含むものが好ましい。また、ブレーン粉末度は2000〜5000cm/gが好ましい。 The calcium aluminate as used in the present invention means a compound containing calcium and alumina as basic components, and there are no restrictions on the amorphous, crystalline, or solid crystalline form. For example, C represents CaO, A represents Al2O3, calcium aluminate such as C3A, CA, C12A7 and CA2, amorphous calcium aluminate having these compositions, and further fluorine, chlorine, etc. A solid solution of calcium aluminate in which an alkali metal element such as a halogen element or sodium is dissolved, and one or more of these are used. The chemical composition is preferably a calcium aluminate containing 40 to 65 mass% Al2O3 and 35 to 60 mass% CaO, particularly preferably 45 to 65 mass% Al2O3 and 35 to 55 mass% CaO. The brane fineness is preferably 2000 to 5000 cm 2 / g.

カルシウムアルミネートは、常法により製造することができる。例えば石灰石、カーバイド石灰等の石灰質資材と、例えばボーキサイト、高アルミナ質、及び精製アルミナ等のアルミナ質資材との混合原料を焼成又は溶融等の熱処理をして製造することができる。カルシウムアルミネートの典型的な市販品にはアルミナセメントがあり、本発明における好適例の一つである。   Calcium aluminate can be produced by a conventional method. For example, a mixed raw material of calcareous materials such as limestone and carbide lime and alumina materials such as bauxite, high alumina, and purified alumina can be manufactured by heat treatment such as baking or melting. A typical commercial product of calcium aluminate is alumina cement, which is one of the preferred examples in the present invention.

カルシウムアルミネートの含有率は、本発明の窒素肥料組成物中、3〜30質量%であることが好ましく、特に5〜20質量%であることが好ましい。これによって、土壌中におけるアンモニア態窒素の存在期間の延長効果がより大きくなる。   The content of calcium aluminate is preferably 3 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably 5 to 20% by mass, in the nitrogen fertilizer composition of the present invention. This further increases the effect of extending the duration of the presence of ammonia nitrogen in the soil.

カルシウムアルミネートを含有させる窒素肥料については特別な制限はなく、例えば窒素分を3質量%以上を含有している在来の窒素肥料が用いられる。それを例示すれば、窒素質肥料、有機質肥料及び複合肥料などであり、具体例をあげれば、例えば石灰窒素、尿素、硫安、塩安、硝安、硝酸石灰、リン安、硝酸ソーダ、硝酸苦土肥料、腐植酸アンモニア肥料、ウレアホルム、尿素とイソブチルアルデヒドの縮合物、尿素とアセトアルデヒドの縮合物、ジシアンジアミド加水物の硫酸塩、ジシアンジアミド加水物のリン酸塩、シュウ酸とアンモニアの縮合物等である。これらの窒素肥料は一種又は二種以上が使用されるが、中でも石灰窒素が土壌中におけるアンモニア態窒素の存在期間の延長効果がより大きくなる傾向を示すので好ましい。   The nitrogen fertilizer containing calcium aluminate is not particularly limited. For example, a conventional nitrogen fertilizer containing 3% by mass or more of nitrogen is used. Illustrative examples include nitrogenous fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and complex fertilizers. Specific examples include lime nitrogen, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, lime nitrate, phosphorus ammonium, sodium nitrate, nitrate bitter soil. Fertilizer, ammonium humate fertilizer, urea form, condensate of urea and isobutyraldehyde, condensate of urea and acetaldehyde, sulfate of dicyandiamide hydrolyzate, phosphate of dicyandiamide hydrolyzate, condensate of oxalic acid and ammonia. These nitrogen fertilizers are used singly or in combination of two or more. Among them, lime nitrogen is preferable because it tends to increase the effect of extending the duration of ammonia nitrogen in the soil.

本発明の窒素肥料組成物には、例えば高炉スラグ、製鋼スラグ、フライアッシュ及び石灰石等の石灰質物質や、例えばマンガン、ヨウ素、ホウ素、リン酸等の植物体の成長に必要な微量成分を含有させることもできる。本発明の窒素肥料組成物の形態は、施用の粉塵発生を軽減する観点から、粉末よりも0.5〜10mmの粒状、ペレット状等であることが好ましい。   The nitrogen fertilizer composition of the present invention contains, for example, calcareous substances such as blast furnace slag, steelmaking slag, fly ash and limestone, and trace components necessary for the growth of plants such as manganese, iodine, boron and phosphoric acid. You can also. The form of the nitrogen fertilizer composition of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm in granular form, pellet form, or the like from the viewpoint of reducing applied dust generation.

実施例1
石灰窒素(電気化学工業社製商品名「石灰窒素」、シアナミド態窒素24質量%含有。)を23.1質量%、尿素を11.5質量%、炭酸カルシウム粉末を53.9質量%、ダイズ硬化油を1.5質量%、市販のアルミナセメント(CaOが38.3質量%、Al2O3が53.2質量%、残部がSiO2、TiO2等で、ブレーン粉末度が3500cm/g。)を10質量%を混合し、押出成型を行ってペレット状の窒素肥料組成物(窒素分が10質量%、平均粒径が3mm、平均長さ5mm。)を製造した。得られた窒素肥料組成物のアンモニア消化試験を以下に従って行った。その結果を表1に示す。
Example 1
Lime nitrogen (trade name “lime nitrogen” manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., containing 24% by mass of cyanamide nitrogen) 23.1% by mass, urea 11.5% by mass, calcium carbonate powder 53.9% by mass, soybean Hardened oil 1.5% by mass, commercially available alumina cement (CaO 38.3% by mass, Al2O3 53.2% by mass, the balance being SiO2, TiO2, etc., and brane fineness 3500 cm 2 / g) Mass% was mixed and extrusion molding was performed to produce a pellet-shaped nitrogen fertilizer composition (nitrogen content was 10 mass%, average particle diameter was 3 mm, and average length was 5 mm). The ammonia digestion test of the obtained nitrogen fertilizer composition was conducted according to the following. The results are shown in Table 1.

アンモニア硝化試験
25℃の条件下、70mlのプラスチック製ビンに表層腐植質黒ボク土からなる乾燥土30gと水を添加した。水の使用量は表層腐植質黒ボク土の最大容水量の60質量%とした。つぎに、窒素肥料組成物60mgをピンセットで土壌のほぼ中央に埋め、アルミニウム箔で蓋をした。その後、プラスチック製ビンを20℃の恒温漕に入れ、一定時間経過毎に土壌中のアンモニアを150mlの1N硫酸カリウムで抽出濾過し、濾液20mlに対し10Nの水酸化ナトリウム0.2mlを滴下してアルカリ性にし、イオン電極を用いて濾液中のアンモニウムイオンを定量し、アンモニア態様の窒素量を測定した。
Ammonia nitrification test Under conditions of 25 ° C., 30 g of dry soil made of surface humic black soil and water were added to a 70 ml plastic bottle. The amount of water used was 60% by mass of the maximum water volume of the surface humic black soil. Next, 60 mg of a nitrogen fertilizer composition was buried in the approximate center of the soil with tweezers and covered with aluminum foil. Thereafter, the plastic bottle is placed in a constant temperature bath at 20 ° C., and ammonia in the soil is extracted and filtered with 150 ml of 1N potassium sulfate every time, and 0.2 ml of 10N sodium hydroxide is added dropwise to 20 ml of the filtrate. It was made alkaline, ammonium ions in the filtrate were quantified using an ion electrode, and the amount of nitrogen in the form of ammonia was measured.

実施例2
カルシウムアルミネートとして、ブレーン粉末度が4100cm/g、CaOが33.5質量%、Al2O3が49.8質量%、残部がSiO2、TiO2等であるカルシウムアルミネートを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてペレット状の窒素肥料組成物を製造した。
Example 2
Except for using calcium aluminate with a calcium fineness of 4100 cm 2 / g, CaO 33.5% by mass, Al2O3 49.8% by mass, the balance being SiO2, TiO2, etc. as calcium aluminate In the same manner as in No. 1, a pellet-shaped nitrogen fertilizer composition was produced.

実施例3
炭酸カルシウム粉末53.9質量%のかわりに、熔燐(日之出化学工業社製商品名「ようりん」)を36.2質量%及び塩化カリウム粉末17.7質量%を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にしてペレット状の窒素肥料組成物(窒素分が質量10%、リン酸分が7質量、カリ分が10質量%で、平均粒径が3mm、平均長さ5mm。)を製造した。
Example 3
Implemented except that 36.2% by weight of molten phosphorus (trade name “Yorin” manufactured by Hinode Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 17.7% by weight of potassium chloride powder were used instead of 53.9% by weight of calcium carbonate powder. In the same manner as in Example 2, a pellet-shaped nitrogen fertilizer composition (10% by mass of nitrogen, 7% by mass of phosphoric acid, 10% by mass of potassium, average particle size of 3 mm, average length of 5 mm) was produced. did.

実施例4
乾燥土として中粗粒褐色低地土を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験した。
Example 4
The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that medium coarse brown low-lying soil was used as the dry soil.

比較例1
アルミナセメントのかわりに石英砂(ブレーン粉末度3200cm/g)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてペレット状の窒素肥料組成物を製造した。
Comparative Example 1
A pellet-shaped nitrogen fertilizer composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that quartz sand (brane fineness: 3200 cm 2 / g) was used instead of alumina cement.

比較例2
カルシウムアルミネートのかわりに石英砂(ブレーン粉末度3200cm/g)を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にしてペレット状の窒素肥料組成物を製造した。
Comparative Example 2
A pellet-shaped nitrogen fertilizer composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that quartz sand (brane fineness: 3200 cm 2 / g) was used instead of calcium aluminate.

比較例3
アルミナセメントのかわりに石英砂(ブレーン粉末度3200cm/g)を用いたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして試験した。
Comparative Example 3
The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 4 except that quartz sand (brane fineness: 3200 cm 2 / g) was used instead of alumina cement.

Figure 0004966499
Figure 0004966499

本発明の窒素肥料組成物は、窒素肥料として使用できる。   The nitrogen fertilizer composition of the present invention can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer.

Claims (3)

Alが40〜65質量%、CaOが35〜60質量%を含むカルシウムアルミネートと、石灰窒素を含有してなり、前記カルシウムアルミネートの含有率が3〜30質量%である窒素肥料組成物。 Nitrogen fertilizer comprising calcium aluminate containing 40 to 65% by mass of Al 2 O 3 and 35 to 60% by mass of CaO and lime nitrogen, and the content of the calcium aluminate is 3 to 30% by mass. Composition. 粒状又はペレット状に造粒してなる請求項1に記載の窒素肥料組成物。  The nitrogen fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which is granulated in a granular or pellet form. 少なくとも、石灰窒素と、Al  At least lime nitrogen and Al 2 O 3 が40〜65質量%、CaOが35〜60質量%を含むカルシウムアルミネートを混合して、前記カルシウムアルミネートの含有率が3〜30質量%の混合物を調製した後、押出成型することを特徴とする、請求項2記載の窒素肥料組成物の製造方法。Is mixed with calcium aluminate containing 40 to 65% by mass and CaO containing 35 to 60% by mass to prepare a mixture having a calcium aluminate content of 3 to 30% by mass, followed by extrusion molding. The manufacturing method of the nitrogen fertilizer composition of Claim 2.
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