JP4962414B2 - Power electronics - Google Patents

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JP4962414B2
JP4962414B2 JP2008139323A JP2008139323A JP4962414B2 JP 4962414 B2 JP4962414 B2 JP 4962414B2 JP 2008139323 A JP2008139323 A JP 2008139323A JP 2008139323 A JP2008139323 A JP 2008139323A JP 4962414 B2 JP4962414 B2 JP 4962414B2
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和明 三野
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Description

この発明はスイッチング電源、インバータなどを対象とする風冷式のパワー電子機器を対象に、その回路組立体に搭載したトランス，インダクタなどの発熱磁気部品の局所的な温度上昇を抑えて風冷性能を高めるようにした磁気部品の構造，配置に係わる。   The present invention is intended for wind-cooled power electronic devices targeting switching power supplies, inverters, etc., and suppresses local temperature rise of heat-generating magnetic parts such as transformers and inductors mounted in the circuit assembly, thereby reducing the air-cooling performance. This is related to the structure and arrangement of magnetic parts designed to increase

頭記したスイッチング電源，インバータなどのパワー電子機器は、ＩＧＢＴなどのスイッチング素子に高周波トランス，インダクタなどの磁気部品，および整流ダイオード，平滑コンデンサを組み合わせ、これらの回路部品をプリント配線基板上に並置実装してなる回路組立体を筐体に収容した上で、この筐体内部に冷却風を導風して発熱回路部品を風冷冷却するようにしている（例えば、特許文献１，非特許文献１参照）。   Power electronics such as switching power supplies and inverters mentioned above are combined with switching elements such as IGBTs, magnetic components such as high-frequency transformers and inductors, rectifier diodes, and smoothing capacitors, and these circuit components are mounted side by side on a printed circuit board. The circuit assembly formed is housed in a housing, and cooling air is introduced into the housing to cool the heat generating circuit components by air cooling (for example, Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1). reference).

ここで、前記磁気部品（例えば、インダクタ）は、環状のフェライトコアにコイル導体を巻回したトロイダルコイルが一般的であり、かつ回路組立体を小形化するには配線基板上に寝かせた姿勢で実装する横型トロイダルコイルに比べて所要実装面積が少なくて済む縦型トロイダルコイル（例えば、特許文献２参照）が多用されている。   Here, the magnetic component (for example, an inductor) is generally a toroidal coil in which a coil conductor is wound around an annular ferrite core, and in order to reduce the size of the circuit assembly, the magnetic component is placed on a wiring board. A vertical toroidal coil (see, for example, Patent Document 2) that requires a smaller mounting area than a horizontal toroidal coil to be mounted is often used.

次に、前記磁気部品１を含む回路組立体の従来構造を図２，図３に示す。なお、図２は回路組立体の模式平面図、図３は図２におけるコイル部品の正面図であり、各図において、１はインダクタなどのコイル部品（起立姿勢で実装する縦型トロイダルコイル（特許文献２の図３，図７参照））、１ａはコイル部品の磁性コア（環状フェライトコア）、２ｂは磁性コア１ａの周上に巻回したコイル導体、２，３はコイル部品１と組み合わせてプリント配線基板４に並置実装したスイッチング素子，コンデンサなどの回路部品であり、図２の回路組立体は送風ファン（不図示）と組み合わせて筐体（シャーシ）に収容し、図示矢印のように冷却風を送風して発熱回路部品を一括して風冷冷却するようにしている。
特開平１１−３４６０６９号公報 特開２００５−２８６０６６号公報（図３，図７，図１５） 製品カタログ“スイッチングパワーサプライ”、［online］、富士電機テクニカ株式会社、[平成２０年５月１２日検索]、インターネット＜ＵＲＬ：http://www.fe-technica.co.jp/html/company/catalog/pdf/HS010a.pdf＞ Next, a conventional structure of a circuit assembly including the magnetic component 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 is a schematic plan view of the circuit assembly. FIG. 3 is a front view of the coil component in FIG. 2. In each figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a coil component such as an inductor (vertical toroidal coil mounted in an upright position (patent (Refer to FIGS. 3 and 7 in Document 2)) 1a is a magnetic core (annular ferrite core) of a coil component, 2b is a coil conductor wound on the circumference of the magnetic core 1a, and 2 and 3 are combined with the coil component 1. Circuit components such as switching elements and capacitors mounted side by side on the printed circuit board 4. The circuit assembly of FIG. 2 is housed in a chassis (chassis) in combination with a blower fan (not shown) and cooled as indicated by the arrows in the figure. Air is blown to cool the heat generating circuit components all at once.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-346069 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-286066 (FIGS. 3, 7, and 15) Product Catalog “Switching Power Supply”, [online], Fuji Electric Technica Co., Ltd. [Search May 12, 2008], Internet <URL: http://www.fe-technica.co.jp/html/company /catalog/pdf/HS010a.pdf>

ところで、図２に示した回路組立体のように、コイル端面を通風路に向けて起立姿勢に配置した磁気部品（コイル部品１；縦型トロイダルコイル）を挟んでその前後に回路部品２，３を右側に寄せてレイアウトした回路組立体に対して冷却風を図示矢印方向に送風すると、コイル部品１の左側半分の面域は他の回路部品２，３に阻害されることなく冷却風が通風するのに対して、コイル部品１の右側半分はその前後に近接して並ぶ回路部品２，３が通風の障害物として干渉し、そのためにこの部分を通風する風量が左側半分域に比べて大幅に減少する。すなわち、コイル部品１の左側半分に対応する通風領域Ａは風量「大」であるが、右側半分に対応する通風領域は風量「小」となる。   By the way, like the circuit assembly shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic components (coil component 1; vertical toroidal coil) arranged in an upright posture with the coil end face toward the air passage are sandwiched between the circuit components 2 and 3 before and after the magnetic component. When the cooling air is blown to the circuit assembly laid out on the right side in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing, the cooling air flows through the area of the left half of the coil component 1 without being obstructed by the other circuit components 2 and 3. On the other hand, in the right half of the coil component 1, the circuit components 2 and 3 arranged close to each other interfere with each other as an obstacle for ventilation, so that the amount of air flowing through this portion is significantly larger than that in the left half. To decrease. That is, the ventilation area A corresponding to the left half of the coil component 1 has a large air volume, but the ventilation area corresponding to the right half has a small air volume.

一方、コイル部品１は、通電に伴い磁性コア１ａに鉄損が生じ、また導体（コイル導体１ｂ）には銅損が生じて加熱昇温する。この場合にコイル導体の温度が過度に上昇すると、エナメル銅線などの素線に施した絶縁被膜が熱劣化するほか、フェライトコアは高温で飽和磁束密度が急減して磁気特性が変化する問題があり、仕様面からも実使用の許容温度が規制されている。   On the other hand, in the coil component 1, iron loss occurs in the magnetic core 1 a with energization, and copper loss occurs in the conductor (coil conductor 1 b), and the temperature is increased. In this case, if the temperature of the coil conductor rises excessively, the insulation coating applied to the wire such as enameled copper wire will be thermally deteriorated, and the ferrite core has a problem that the saturation magnetic flux density rapidly decreases at high temperatures and the magnetic characteristics change. Yes, the allowable temperature for actual use is also restricted in terms of specifications.

このことから、図３のように環状磁性コア１の全周域に亙ってコイル導体１ｂを均等に巻回した構成の縦型トロイダルコイルになるコイル部品１を、図２のように他の回路部品２，３と組み合わせて配線基板上にレイアウトした回路組立体に冷却風を送風すると、コイル部品１の右側半分域を通風する冷却風の風量が不足してこの部分でコイル部品の温度が局部的に過度上昇し、これが原因でコイル部品１が熱劣化して電子機器の動作が正常に機能しなくなるおそれがある。   From this, the coil component 1 to be a vertical toroidal coil having a configuration in which the coil conductor 1b is uniformly wound over the entire circumference of the annular magnetic core 1 as shown in FIG. When the cooling air is blown to the circuit assembly laid out on the wiring board in combination with the circuit components 2 and 3, the amount of the cooling air flowing through the right half of the coil component 1 is insufficient, and the temperature of the coil component is reduced in this portion. There is a possibility that the temperature rises locally, and the coil component 1 is thermally deteriorated due to this, and the operation of the electronic device does not function normally.

かかる点、コイル部品１の全体に充分な風量の冷却風が通流するように、他の回路部品２，３と引き離してプリント配線基板４上にレイアウトすることが考えられるが、このようなレイアウトでは回路部品の実装所要面積が増大して電子機器が大型化してしまう。また、コイル部品１を小形化して冷却風が全体に当たるように磁性コア１ａのサイズを縮小すると、コアの体積に反比例して温度が高くなる。さらに、ヒートシンク，ヒートパイプなどの冷却部材を追加すると回路組立体が大型化，コスト高となる。   In view of this, it is conceivable that the coil component 1 is laid out on the printed circuit board 4 separately from the other circuit components 2 and 3 so that a sufficient amount of cooling air flows through the coil component 1. Then, the required area for mounting circuit components increases, and the electronic equipment becomes larger. Further, if the size of the magnetic core 1a is reduced so that the coil component 1 is miniaturized and the cooling air hits the whole, the temperature increases in inverse proportion to the volume of the core. Furthermore, adding a cooling member such as a heat sink or a heat pipe increases the size and cost of the circuit assembly.

この発明は上記の点に鑑みなされたものであり、電子機器の回路組立体に搭載したコイル部品について、従来と同様な回路部品のレイアウトのままでも通電に伴うコイル部品の温度が局所的に過度上昇するのを抑制し、規定の許容温度範囲内に維持して風冷冷却できるようにコイル導体の巻回構造，配置を改良した高信頼性のパワー電子機器を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points. For coil components mounted on a circuit assembly of an electronic device, the temperature of the coil components due to energization is locally excessive even with the same layout of circuit components as in the past. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable power electronic device having an improved winding structure and arrangement of a coil conductor so as to suppress the rise and maintain it within a specified allowable temperature range so that it can be cooled by air.

上記目的を達成するために、この発明によれば、コア部材に導体（コイル導体）を巻回したインダクタ，トランスなどの磁気部品（コイル部品）を他の回路部品と組み合わせてプリント配線基板に並置実装した回路組立体からなり、該回路組立体に冷却風を導風して発熱回路部品を冷却する風冷式のパワー電子機器において、
前記磁気部品（コイル部品）については、当該コイル部品を含む回路組立体に通風する冷却風の風量分布に合わせて風量の多い通風領域に面するコアの範囲にコイル導体を密に巻回し、風量の少ない通風領域に面するコアの範囲にはコイル導体を疎に巻回する（請求項１）。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a magnetic component (coil component) such as an inductor or a transformer in which a conductor (coil conductor) is wound around a core member is combined with other circuit components and juxtaposed on a printed wiring board. In an air-cooled type power electronic device comprising a mounted circuit assembly, which cools a heat generating circuit component by introducing cooling air to the circuit assembly.
For the magnetic component (coil component), the coil conductor is tightly wound around the core facing the ventilation region where the air volume is large in accordance with the air volume distribution of the cooling air flowing through the circuit assembly including the coil component. A coil conductor is sparsely wound around a core region facing a low ventilation region.

また、回路組立体に搭載するコイル部品が、コイル導体を密に巻回した範囲と疎に巻回した範囲を有した構成であるものについては、回路組立体に通風する冷却風の風量分布に合わせてコイル導体の密巻回範囲を風量の多い通風領域に向け、コイル導体の疎巻回範囲を風量の少ない通風領域に向けて配置する（請求項２）。   In addition, the coil component mounted on the circuit assembly has a configuration in which the coil conductor is wound in a dense range and a sparsely wound range in the distribution of the cooling air flowing through the circuit assembly. At the same time, the dense winding range of the coil conductor is directed toward the ventilation region where the air volume is large, and the sparse winding range of the coil conductor is directed toward the ventilation region where the air volume is small (Claim 2).

なお、前記回路組立体に搭載するコイル部品には、コイル端面を通風路に向けて配線基板上に起立実装した縦型トロイダルコイルが好適に適用される（請求項３）。   In addition, the vertical toroidal coil which stood up and mounted on the wiring board with the coil end surface facing the air path is suitably applied to the coil component mounted on the circuit assembly.

上記構成により、回路組立体のコイル部品については、コイル銅損による発熱がコイル導体を密に巻回した範囲に集中して発生するようになるが、この密巻回範囲には充分な風量の冷却風が通流するので過度に温度上昇することはない。一方、コイル導体を疎に巻回した範囲を通流する風量はコイル部品に並置した他の回路部品との干渉により減少するが、この部分にはコイル導体が疎に巻回されているので銅損による発熱量も少なく、したがって過度な温度上昇を抑制できる。   With the above configuration, for coil components of the circuit assembly, heat generated by coil copper loss is concentrated in the area where the coil conductor is tightly wound. Since the cooling air flows, the temperature does not rise excessively. On the other hand, the amount of air flowing through the area where the coil conductor is sparsely wound decreases due to interference with other circuit components juxtaposed to the coil component. The amount of heat generated by the loss is small, and therefore an excessive temperature rise can be suppressed.

これにより、各回路部品を高密度に並置実装して回路組立体の小形化を図りつつ、冷却風の送風によりコイル部品を規定の許容温度内に抑えて高い信頼性を確保できる。   As a result, the circuit components can be mounted side by side at a high density to reduce the size of the circuit assembly, and the coil components can be kept within a specified allowable temperature by blowing cooling air, thereby ensuring high reliability.

以下、この発明の実施の形態を図１（ａ），（ｂ）に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。なお、実施例の図中で図２，図３に対応する部材には同じ符号を付してその説明は省略する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the examples shown in FIGS. In the drawing of the embodiment, members corresponding to those in FIGS. 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

図示実施例の回路組立体（図１（ａ）参照）は、コイル部品１，他の回路部品２，３を含む各回路部品が図２に示した回路組立体と同様にレイアウトされているが、ここでコイル部品１は、その磁性コア１ａに巻回したコイル導体１ｂの巻回構造，配置を次記のように定めて回路組立体を構成している。   The circuit assembly (see FIG. 1A) of the illustrated embodiment is laid out in the same manner as the circuit assembly shown in FIG. 2 in which each circuit component including the coil component 1 and the other circuit components 2 and 3 is laid out. Here, the coil component 1 constitutes a circuit assembly by determining the winding structure and arrangement of the coil conductor 1b wound around the magnetic core 1a as follows.

すなわち、冷却風の通風路に対して回路部品２と３の間のスペースに配置してプリント配線基板４に並置実装したコイル部品１（縦型トロイダルコイル（特許文献２の図３参照））について、図示実施例では図１（ｂ）で示すように環状のフェライトコア１ａをコイル導体１ｂの「密」巻回範囲Ｎ１と「疎」巻回範囲Ｎ２とに区分けした上で、「密」巻回範囲Ｎ１はコイル導体１ｂを密に巻回し、「疎」巻回範囲Ｎ２にはコイル導体１ｂを疎に巻回する。そして、このコイル部品１を他の回路部品２，３と組み合わせ部品組立体の配線基板上に実装するに際には、図１（ａ）で表すようにコイル部品１の左側半分の「密」巻回範囲Ｎ１が風量「大」の通風領域Ａに、右側半分の「疎」巻回範囲Ｎ２が風量「小」の通風領域Ｂに向くように配置する。なお、コイル部品のメーカーで製作したコイル部品には、コイル導体１ｂのリード引出し範囲をあらかじめ「疎」に巻回している製品があり、このようなコイル部品を採用して回路組立体に搭載する場合には、前記と同様にコイル導体の「疎」巻回範囲を図１（ａ）の風量「小」の通風領域に向けて位置するようにコイル部品１の向き，姿勢を定めて配線基板上に実装するようにする。   That is, the coil component 1 (vertical toroidal coil (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 2)) arranged in the space between the circuit components 2 and 3 and mounted in parallel on the printed wiring board 4 with respect to the cooling air ventilation path. In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the annular ferrite core 1a is divided into the “dense” winding range N1 and the “sparse” winding range N2 of the coil conductor 1b, and then the “dense” winding. The winding range N1 winds the coil conductor 1b densely, and the “sparse” winding range N2 winds the coil conductor 1b sparsely. When the coil component 1 is mounted on the wiring board of the combined component assembly with the other circuit components 2 and 3, as shown in FIG. The winding range N1 is arranged so as to face the ventilation area A where the air volume is “large” and the “sparse” winding area N2 on the right half is oriented toward the ventilation area B where the air volume is “small”. In addition, the coil parts manufactured by the manufacturer of the coil parts include a product in which the lead extraction range of the coil conductor 1b is wound in advance “sparsely”, and such coil parts are employed and mounted on the circuit assembly. In this case, the orientation and orientation of the coil component 1 are determined so that the “sparse” winding range of the coil conductor is positioned toward the air flow area of “air flow” “small” in FIG. To be implemented above.

前記の巻線構造になるコイル部品１回路組立体に搭載して通電すると、コイル導体の「密」巻回範囲Ｎ１には銅損による発熱が集中するが、「密」巻回範囲Ｎ１を図１（ａ）のように冷却風の通風路に対して風量「大」の通風領域Ａに配置することにより、この部分には充分な風量の冷却風が通流するので過度な温度上昇はない。一方、風量「小」の通風領域Ｂに配置されるコイル導体の「疎」巻回範囲Ｎ２には冷却風の風量が減少するが、この巻回範囲Ｎ２に生じる銅損の発熱も少ないのでこの部分の温度が局部的に過度上昇するおそれもなく、コイル部品１を規定された許容温度範囲に維持して部品の熱劣化を防ぐことができる。   When the coil component 1 having the winding structure is mounted and energized, heat generation due to copper loss is concentrated in the “close” winding range N1 of the coil conductor, but the “close” winding range N1 is illustrated in FIG. As shown in 1 (a), by arranging in the ventilation area A having a large air volume with respect to the cooling air ventilation path, a sufficient amount of cooling air flows through this portion, so that there is no excessive temperature rise. . On the other hand, the amount of cooling air is reduced in the “sparse” winding range N2 of the coil conductor arranged in the ventilation region B having the small air volume, but since the copper loss generated in the winding range N2 is small, this There is no fear that the temperature of the portion will rise excessively locally, and the coil component 1 can be maintained in a prescribed allowable temperature range to prevent thermal deterioration of the component.

これにより、各回路部品を高密度に並置実装して回路組立体および電子機器の小形化を図りつつ、回路組立体に搭載したコイル部品１を規定の許容温度内に抑えて高い信頼性を確保できる。   As a result, each circuit component is mounted side by side at a high density to reduce the size of the circuit assembly and the electronic device, and the coil component 1 mounted on the circuit assembly is kept within a prescribed allowable temperature to ensure high reliability. it can.

なお、図示実施例ではコイル部品１に縦型トロイダルコイルを使用した場合について述べたが、この発明はトロイダルコイルの採用に限定されるものではなく、トロイダルコアとは異なるタイプの磁性コアにコイル導体を巻回したもの、さらにはコイル導体を空芯コアに巻回した構成のコイル部品についても、同様に実施適用することができる。また、導体は1つに限らず、複数の導体が存在し、各導体が磁気結合して成るトランスにも本発明は適用可能である。   In the illustrated embodiment, the case where the vertical toroidal coil is used for the coil component 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the adoption of the toroidal coil, and the coil conductor is used for a magnetic core of a type different from the toroidal core. The present invention can be similarly applied to a coil component having a configuration in which a coil conductor is wound around a coil core and a coil conductor wound around an air core. Further, the present invention is not limited to one conductor, and the present invention can also be applied to a transformer in which a plurality of conductors exist and each conductor is magnetically coupled.

この発明の実施例の構成図で、（ａ）は回路組立体の配線基板上に実装した各回路部品のレイアウトを模式的に表した図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の回路組立体に搭載したコイル部品（縦型トロイダルコイル）の正面図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram of the Example of this invention, (a) is the figure which represented typically the layout of each circuit component mounted on the wiring board of a circuit assembly, (b) was mounted in the circuit assembly of (a). The front view of the coil component (vertical toroidal coil) which was made. 図１（ａ）に対応する従来例の回路組立体の部品レイアウトを模式的に表した図。The figure which represented typically the component layout of the circuit assembly of the prior art example corresponding to Fig.1 (a). 図２の回路組立体に搭載した従来のコイル部品（縦型トロイダルコイル）の正面図。The front view of the conventional coil components (vertical toroidal coil) mounted in the circuit assembly of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ コイル部品
１ａ 磁性コア
１ｂ コイル導体
２，３ 他の回路部品
４ プリント配線基板
Ａ 風量「大」の通風領域
Ｂ 風量「小」の通風領域
Ｎ１ コイル導体の「密」巻回範囲
Ｎ２ コイル導体の「疎」巻回範囲 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coil parts 1a Magnetic core 1b Coil conductor 2,3 Other circuit components 4 Printed wiring board A Air flow area with "large" air flow B Air flow area with "small" air flow N1 "Dense" winding range of coil conductor N2 Coil conductor "Sparse" winding range

Claims (3)

コア部材に導体を巻回した磁気部品を他の回路部品と組み合わせてプリント配線基板に並置実装した回路組立体からなり、該回路組立体に冷却風を導風して発熱回路部品を冷却する風冷式のパワー電子機器において、
前記磁気部品については、当該磁気部品を含む回路組立体に通風する冷却風の風量分布に合わせて風量の多い通風領域に面する前記コア部材の範囲に前記導体を密に巻回し、風量の少ない通風領域に面する前記コア部材の範囲には前記導体を疎に巻回したことを特徴とするパワー電子機器。 A circuit assembly in which a magnetic component in which a conductor is wound around a core member is combined with other circuit components and mounted side by side on a printed wiring board, and a cooling air is introduced into the circuit assembly to cool the heat generating circuit components. In cold power electronics,
For the magnetic component, the conductor is densely wound around the core member facing the ventilation region having a large air volume in accordance with the air volume distribution of the cooling air flowing through the circuit assembly including the magnetic component, and the air volume is small. A power electronic device in which the conductor is loosely wound in a range of the core member facing the ventilation region. コア部材に導体を巻回した磁気部品を他の回路部品と組み合わせてプリント配線基板に並置実装した回路組立体からなり、該回路組立体に冷却風を導風して発熱回路部品を冷却するパワー電子機器であって、前記磁気部品が前記導体を密に巻回した範囲と疎に巻回した範囲を有するものにおいて、
前記磁気部品を、回路組立体に通風する冷却風の風量分布に合わせて前記導体の密巻回範囲を風量の多い通風領域に向け、前記導体の疎巻回範囲を風量の少ない通風領域に向けて配置したことを特徴とするパワー電子機器。 A circuit assembly in which a magnetic component, in which a conductor is wound around a core member, is combined with other circuit components and mounted side by side on a printed circuit board. Power for cooling the heat generating circuit component by introducing cooling air to the circuit assembly In an electronic device, wherein the magnetic component has a range in which the conductor is densely wound and a range in which the conductor is wound loosely,
In accordance with the air volume distribution of the cooling air that flows through the circuit assembly, the magnetic component is directed to the air flow area where the air volume is high and the sparse winding area of the conductor is directed to the air flow area where the air volume is low. Power electronic equipment characterized by the arrangement. 請求項１または２に記載のパワー電子機器において、前記磁気部品が配線基板上に起立姿勢で実装した縦型のトロイダルコイルであることを特徴とするパワー電子機器。   3. The power electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic component is a vertical toroidal coil mounted in a standing posture on a wiring board.
JP2008139323A 2008-05-28 2008-05-28 Power electronics Expired - Fee Related JP4962414B2 (en)

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