JP4956838B2 - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivating apparatus comprising using a square timber and a square bar whose outer surface is made of a flat surface, for parts to be loaded with a weight of a cultivation tank, making a caster stably run on a horizontal beam by engagement of a rack and a pinion without causing torsion between square bars or running-off of the caster, and cultivating through horizontally moving the cultivation tank at the same height so as to fix various conditions such as a light exposure dose and temperature for growing plants by all the cultivation tanks. <P>SOLUTION: This plant cultivating apparatus is such that a plurality of horizontal beams 3 are parallelly separated at prescribed intervals in the cross direction thereof, a pair of right and left square bars 8 and 8 are arranged crossing at right angles on the upper side of the horizontal beam 3, a rack 7 is attached to the lower side of the horizontal beam 3, a connecting rod 19 is constructed on the square bars 8 and 8, a caster 20 is attached to the connecting rod 19 in a manner capable of running on the horizontal beam 3, and a cultivation tank 18 with a hanging rod is hung to the square bar 8. Furthermore, a pinion 24 which is stuck to the outer peripheral surface of a rotating shaft 23 is engaged with the rack 7 so as to make the cultivation tank 18 in a hanging condition movable in the horizontal direction by driving of a motor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、培地が充填された栽培槽を温室等の建屋構造体内に吊り下げて設置し、野菜や花卉等を栽培する集約農業に供される吊り下げ式可動タイプの植物栽培装置に関する。  The present invention relates to a suspended and movable type plant cultivation apparatus provided for intensive agriculture in which a culture tank filled with a culture medium is suspended and installed in a building structure such as a greenhouse to grow vegetables and flower buds.

従来、この種の装置としては、特許文献１に記載のものが存在する。特許文献１には、温室天井より手作業高さ位置に吊設された複数の列状に配設された栽培ベッドを、該栽培ベッドと直交方向に走行自在に移動用フレームに取り付け、栽培ベッドを列と直交方向に移動可能にし作業通路を確保するようにしたものが開示されている。詳しくは、温室屋根から束柱状に垂設された支持棒でハンガーレールを吊設支持し、該ハンガーレール内にて走行自在に車輪を配設し、前記支持棒から出た水平腕外端には栽培ベッドの列と直交する方向に沿ってラックを取り付け、該ラックの歯と噛合する歯車をモーター軸に取り付けている。前記車輪の車軸に固着した吊棒により栽培ベッドのフレームは取り付けられている。
特許文献１に開示の栽培装置であると、栽培ベッドの上方に平行に位置する栽培フレームにハンガーレールに取り付けられ（「００１４」及び「００１８」の段参照）、ハンガーレールが束柱を介して取り付けられている温室天井に栽培ベッド等の総重量が負荷し危険である。又、車輪がハンガーレール内を走行する構成であるため、ハンガーレールの底面に設けた１対のガイド板が破損する等の事態等が生じた場合、総ての部品を外してメインテナンス作業をしなければならず、メンテナンス作業が煩雑であった。Conventionally, as this type of apparatus, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, cultivation beds arranged in a plurality of rows suspended from a greenhouse ceiling at a manual work height position are attached to a moving frame so as to be able to run in a direction orthogonal to the cultivation bed. Has been disclosed that can move in the direction orthogonal to the row to secure a working path. Specifically, the hanger rail is suspended and supported by a support rod suspended from a greenhouse roof in the form of a bundle column, and a wheel is disposed so as to be able to run in the hanger rail. Attaches a rack along a direction orthogonal to the row of cultivation beds, and attaches a gear meshing with the teeth of the rack to the motor shaft. The frame of the cultivation bed is attached by a hanging rod fixed to the wheel axle.
In the cultivation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the hanger rail is attached to the cultivation frame positioned in parallel above the cultivation bed (see the steps of “0014” and “0018”), and the hanger rail passes through the bundle pillar. It is dangerous because the total weight of the cultivation bed is loaded on the ceiling of the greenhouse. In addition, because the wheel travels in the hanger rail, when a pair of guide plates provided on the bottom of the hanger rail breaks, etc., all parts must be removed for maintenance work. The maintenance work was complicated.

３本１組とする吊り下げ部材（パイプ）のうち１本を固定用とし他の２本を移動用とし、これら３本の吊り下げ部材にワイヤを絡ませて１つの栽培ベッドを吊り下げ支持し、移動用吊り下げ部材の長さ方向に沿ってラックを取り付け、該ラックと噛合するピニオンと駆動用モータを具備した回転軸を吊り下げ部材と直交して配設し、移動用吊り下げ部材を相互正逆方向に等量分水平移動させるように構成したものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
特許文献２に開示されている吊り下げ式栽培ベッドであると、特許文献中図８に示すように栽培ベッドは、３本１組の吊り下げ部材の最も外側に位置する固定用吊り下げ部材間をモータの駆動により巻き取り量に対応して移動し、栽培ベッドの移動量が極めて限られている。又、１つの栽培ベッドに対し、３本の吊り下げ部材を必要とし、ワイヤの巻着構造が複雑であるという欠点があった。Of the three suspension members (pipes), one is for fixing and the other two are for movement. A wire is entangled with these three suspension members to support one cultivation bed. A rack is attached along the length direction of the suspension member for movement, and a rotary shaft provided with a pinion and a drive motor meshing with the rack is disposed perpendicular to the suspension member, and the suspension member for movement is A configuration has been proposed that is configured to move horizontally in equal and opposite directions by an equal amount (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
If it is a suspension type cultivation bed currently disclosed by patent document 2, as shown in FIG. 8 in patent document, a cultivation bed is between the suspension members for fixation located in the outermost side of one set of three suspension members. Is moved according to the amount of winding by driving the motor, and the amount of movement of the cultivation bed is extremely limited. In addition, three hanging members are required for one cultivation bed, and there is a drawback that the wire winding structure is complicated.

又、１対の水平架台部間にパイプからなる巻回部材を架け渡し、水平架台上を巻回部材を回転移動可能に取り付け、巻回部材には吊り下げ部材により植物栽培ベッドを吊設し、巻回部材の回転移動により吊り下げ部材を巻回部材に巻着したり、或いは巻き戻ししながら平行移動するものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
特許文献３に記載されている水平動機構は「００１６」、「００１７」及び「００１９」の段に記載されているように、巻回部材の水平動には吊り下げ部材の巻き取り或いは巻き戻しを伴い、吊り下げ部材上の巻回部材の転動量に応じて植物栽培ベッドの高さが変化し、全ての植物栽培ベッドの植物の日光照射量や温度条件が一律化されないという欠点があった。In addition, a winding member made of a pipe is bridged between a pair of horizontal mounts, and the winding member is rotatably mounted on the horizontal mount, and a plant cultivation bed is hung on the winding member by a suspension member. There has been proposed one in which the suspension member is wound around the winding member by the rotational movement of the winding member or is moved in parallel while being rewound (for example, see Patent Document 3).
As described in Patent Document 3, the horizontal movement mechanism is described in the stages of “0016”, “0017”, and “0019”, and the horizontal movement of the winding member involves winding or unwinding of the suspension member. The height of the plant cultivation bed changes according to the amount of rolling of the winding member on the suspension member, and there is a disadvantage that the sunlight irradiation amount and temperature conditions of the plants of all plant cultivation beds are not uniform .

又、吊掛け部材（横架材）に吊り下げ機構上端に取着したＳ字フックを引っ掛け、Ｓ字フックの引っ掛け位置を移動させることで、植物栽培ベッドを横方向に移動可能にしたものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献４参照）。
特許文献４に記載されている栽培装置であると、吊掛け部材からＳ字フックを取り外し、所望位置にＳ字フックを引っ掛けるため、２〜４Ｋｇ程度の鉢状栽培ベッドには適用可能であるが、長さ数メートル以上の一方向に著しく長く複数本の吊り下げ支持部材を必要とする栽培ベッドの移動には適用不可能であるという欠点があった。In addition, the plant cultivation bed can be moved in the horizontal direction by hooking an S-shaped hook attached to the upper end of the suspension mechanism on the hanging member (horizontal material) and moving the hooking position of the S-shaped hook. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4).
In the cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 4, the S-shaped hook is removed from the hanging member, and the S-shaped hook is hooked at a desired position. There is a disadvantage that it is not applicable to the movement of a cultivation bed that is remarkably long in one direction of several meters or more and requires a plurality of hanging support members.

又、複数列の左右同列となる位置に栽培槽と平行に回転軸を配置し、軸の左右の栽培槽列を対となるように索で連結し、隣り合う栽培槽の索の軸への巻着方向を逆にし、軸の回転にて隣り合う槽が反対方向に上下移動するようにし、高設密集配置された多数の栽培槽間に農作業のための空間を作るようにすると共に、栽培槽の配置密度を高めたものや（例えば、特許文献５参照）、駆動スプロケットに懸垂索を掛け渡し、懸垂索の両下端に間隔保持具を介して栽培容器が取り付けられ、モータの駆動により駆動スプロケットが移動して栽培容器が上下動するようにしたもの（例えば、特許文献６参照）が提案されている。
ところで、農作物の生育に最も重要なのは温度管理と照射光量管理である。特許文献５又は６記載の発明は栽培槽を上下方向に移動のみする構成であるため、異なる高さに配置された夫々の栽培槽への光の入射角度、照射光量及び温度等の栽培条件が、配置場所により夫々異なる。つまり、上方と下方に配置された栽培槽を比較すると、上方に配置された栽培層の方が下方に配置された栽培槽よりも温度環境が高くなり、光源に近い上方に位置する栽培槽の方が照射光量が増加し、収穫される農作物の品質に差が生じるという問題点があった。In addition, a rotation axis is arranged in parallel with the cultivation tank at positions where the left and right rows of the plurality of rows are aligned, and the cultivation tank rows on the left and right of the shaft are connected by a rope so as to form a pair. The winding direction is reversed, the adjacent tanks move up and down in the opposite direction by rotating the shaft, and a space for farming work is created between a large number of densely arranged cultivation tanks. A tank with a higher arrangement density (for example, see Patent Document 5), a suspension spline is hung on a drive sprocket, and a cultivation container is attached to both lower ends of the suspension rope via a spacing holder, and is driven by driving a motor. There has been proposed one in which the sprocket moves and the cultivation container moves up and down (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
By the way, temperature management and irradiation light quantity management are the most important for the growth of crops. Since invention of patent document 5 or 6 is a structure which only moves a cultivation tank to an up-down direction, cultivation conditions, such as the incident angle of light to each cultivation tank arrange | positioned in different height, irradiation light quantity, and temperature, are. , Depending on the location. In other words, when comparing the cultivation tanks arranged above and below, the cultivation layer arranged above has a higher temperature environment than the cultivation tank arranged below, and the cultivation tank located above the light source However, there was a problem that the amount of irradiated light increased and the quality of harvested crops differed.

又、地面に設置した車輪付台座の上端に設けたバスケット載置枠軸心を中心とし、育苗バスケットを収納可能なバスケット載置枠を左右対称に設け、バスケット載置枠軸心を旋回アームで回転し、日光照射角度に応じてバスケット載置枠を傾斜させる構成の回転育苗棚が提案されている（例えば、特許文献７参照）。
しかしながら、特許文献７に記載の発明であると、隣り合う育苗バスケット間には農作業のための人が立てる空間を確保しておかなければならず、育苗バスケットを高密度に配置することは不可能である。又、日光照射角度に応じてバスケット載置枠を傾斜させると、水等が同一バスケット内で低い方に移動し、給水条件に差異が生じ農作物の生育が均一化せず、更に、日光の位置に応じて旋回アームを操作する作業を人手で行うため非効率的であるという問題点があった。In addition, a basket mounting frame that can store a seedling basket is provided symmetrically around the basket mounting frame axis provided at the upper end of the wheeled base installed on the ground, and the basket mounting frame axis is provided by a swing arm. A rotating seedling shelf that rotates and tilts the basket mounting frame according to the sunlight irradiation angle has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 7).
However, in the case of the invention described in Patent Document 7, it is necessary to secure a space for a farmer to stand between adjacent seedling baskets, and it is impossible to arrange the seedling baskets at high density. It is. Also, if the basket mounting frame is tilted according to the sunlight irradiation angle, water etc. will move to the lower side in the same basket, the water supply conditions will differ, the crop growth will not be uniform, and the position of sunlight will be In response to this, there is a problem that it is inefficient because the operation of operating the swivel arm is performed manually.

特許文献８には地面に水平レールを縦横に敷設し、栽培槽がレール上を縦方向又は横方向に自在にスライドして移動可能にした栽培装置が、特許文献９には地面上をキャスター付栽培棚のキャスターを転動しながら移動させるように構成したものが記載されている。
しかしながら、特許文献８又は特許文献９に記載の発明は移設作業の向上及び作業者の肉体的負担の軽減の見地から創案されたものであって、限られた面積の土地に高密度に栽培槽を配置し収穫量増産の見地からは創案されていないため、土地を有効利用できないという問題点があった。Patent Document 8 discloses a cultivation apparatus in which horizontal rails are laid vertically and horizontally on the ground, and the cultivation tank is freely slidable and movable on the rails in the vertical and horizontal directions. Patent Document 9 is provided with casters on the ground. What is comprised so that it may move, while rolling the caster of a cultivation shelf is described.
However, the invention described in Patent Document 8 or Patent Document 9 was created from the standpoint of improving the relocation work and reducing the physical burden on the worker, and is a cultivation tank with a high density on a limited area of land. The problem was that the land could not be used effectively because it was not created from the standpoint of increasing yields.

特許文献１０には植物支持部を技状に形成し、植物に対し光を照射するランプを上下動可能にして枝に均等な光量を照射可能にした栽培装置が提案されているが、本願発明とは構成、目的、効果を著しく別異にする。  Patent Document 10 proposes a cultivation apparatus in which a plant support part is formed in a technical form, and a lamp that irradiates light to a plant can be moved up and down to irradiate a branch with an equal amount of light. Is significantly different in structure, purpose, and effect.

特許文献１１には、商業用或いは住居用等の通常の鉄骨建築物外壁に設置する栽培槽を建築物内側から農作業を可能にしたものであって、モーター駆動による灌水や日照調節装置をコンピュータプログラムにより制御するようにしたものである。
特許文献１１に記載の発明は、本願発明が栽培槽への温度、照射光量等の条件をどの位置に設置された栽培槽についても一定にし、温室内の限られた面積を有効利用するものとは目的を別異にする。
特開２００３−５２２５２号公報 特開２００４−２１号公報 特開２００３−２４５０１６号公報 特開２００２−５１６５３号公報 特開２００４−２７５１７８号公報 特開２００６−２５４８９０号公報 特開２００６−２２３１２９号公報 特開平１１−２８９８７１号公報 特開２００５−４６０２５号公報 特開平９−２７５８１５号公報 特開２００５−２６１３５２号公報 In Patent Document 11, a cultivation tank installed on the outer wall of an ordinary steel structure building for commercial use or residential use can be farmed from the inside of the building, and a motor-driven irrigation and sunshine control device is a computer program. It is made to control by.
The invention described in Patent Document 11 is that the present invention makes the conditions such as the temperature to the cultivation tank, the amount of irradiation light constant for any cultivation tank installed at any position, and effectively uses the limited area in the greenhouse. Have different purposes.
JP 2003-52252 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-21 JP 2003-245016 A JP 2002-51653 A JP 2004-275178 A JP 2006-254890 A JP 2006-223129 A JP-A-11-298771 JP 2005-46025 A JP-A-9-275815 JP 2005-261352 A

本願発明は上記従来技術の有する問題点に鑑みて創案されたものであって、栽培槽重量が負荷する部品等を外面が平坦面よりなる角材、角棒を使用し、又、ラックとピニオンの噛合によりキャスターが横梁上を走行させるようにし、角棒間のねじれや移動等が生ぜず、キャスターも脱輪することなく安定的に横梁上を走行し、又、栽培槽を同一高さにて水平動するようにして栽培するため、全ての栽培槽が、植物生育のための光照射量や温度等の諸条件を一定化する植物栽培装置を提供することを目的とする。  The present invention was devised in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and uses parts such as a cultivation tank weight loaded with square bars and square bars whose outer surfaces are flat surfaces, and racks and pinions. The casters are allowed to run on the cross beams by meshing, so that twisting and movement between the square bars do not occur, the casters also run stably on the cross beams without removing the wheels, and the cultivation tank is at the same height An object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation apparatus in which all cultivation tanks stabilize conditions such as the amount of light irradiation and temperature for plant growth in order to cultivate so as to move horizontally.

本願発明のうち請求項１に係る発明は、温室内に、複数の横梁を前後方向に所定距離離隔して互いに平行な位置関係に夫々配置し、該横梁の下方に於いて、前記横梁と直交して前記横梁と直交する方向へ水平移動可能な回転シャフトを設け、前記横梁の上方に於いて、前記横梁と９０度の角度を有して前後方向に延びる１対の角棒を設け、該１対の角棒は左右方向に所定距離を有して平行に離隔配設され、前記対となる角棒間には連杆を架設し、該連杆には前記横梁上を走行するキャスターを取り付けると共に、前記連杆には支持板を垂設し、該支持板の下部には回転シャフト挿通孔が穿設され、前記回転シャフトには、周方向に正逆回転する回転駆動手段を具備し、前記角棒には吊杆を具備した栽培槽が、吊持されてなることを特徴とする。
請求項２に係る発明は、温室内に、複数の横梁を前後方向に所定距離離隔して互いに平行な位置関係に夫々配置し、該横梁の下方に於いて、前記横梁と直交して前記横梁と直交する方向へ水平移動可能な回転シャフトを設け、前記横梁の上方に於いて、前記横梁と９０度の角度を有して前後方向に延びる１対の角棒を設け、該１対の角棒は左右方向に所定距離を有して平行に離隔配設され、前記対となる角棒間には連杆を架設し、該連杆には前記横梁上を走行するキャスターを取り付けると共に、前記連杆には支持板を垂設し、該支持板の下部には回転シャフト挿通孔が穿設され、前記回転シャフトには、周方向に正逆回転する回転駆動手段を具備し、前記角棒には吊杆を具備した栽培槽が、前記栽培槽の振動を前記キャスターに伝達しないようにした振動吸収機構を介して吊持されてなることを特徴とする。
請求項３に係る発明は、上記振動吸収機構は、前記角棒に掛け渡した吊持部に取付部材に弾性部材を介在させて吊杆を取り付け、前記吊杆の振動を前記弾性部材で吸収し、前記吊持部に伝達不可能にしたことを特徴とする。
請求項４に係る発明は、上記対となる角棒間には、該角棒間の左右方向の離隔距離保持手段を設けたことを特徴とする。According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the greenhouse, a plurality of transverse beams are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, and perpendicular to the transverse beams below the transverse beams. A rotating shaft that can move horizontally in a direction orthogonal to the transverse beam, and a pair of square bars extending in the front-rear direction at an angle of 90 degrees with the transverse beam above the transverse beam, A pair of square bars are spaced apart in parallel with a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, a bridge is constructed between the pair of square bars, and a caster that runs on the cross beam is installed in the linkage. At the same time, a support plate is suspended from the linkage, a rotary shaft insertion hole is formed in the lower portion of the support plate, and the rotary shaft is provided with a rotation drive means that rotates forward and backward in the circumferential direction. In addition, a cultivation tank equipped with a hanging rod is suspended from the square bar.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the greenhouse, a plurality of cross beams are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, and the cross beams are orthogonal to the cross beams below the cross beams. And a pair of square bars extending in the front-rear direction at an angle of 90 degrees with the transverse beam above the transverse beam. The bars are spaced apart in parallel with a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, and a link is constructed between the pair of square bars, and a caster that runs on the cross beam is attached to the link, and A support plate is vertically suspended from the linkage, and a rotary shaft insertion hole is formed in a lower portion of the support plate. The rotary shaft is provided with a rotation driving means that rotates forward and backward in the circumferential direction. The cultivation tank equipped with a hanging rod does not transmit the vibration of the cultivation tank to the casters. Characterized by comprising been suspended via Unishi was vibration absorbing mechanism.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the vibration absorbing mechanism is configured such that a hanging rod is attached to a hanging portion that spans the square bar with an elastic member interposed between the mounting members, and the vibration of the hanging rod is absorbed by the elastic member. And it is made impossible to transmit to the said suspension part.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a separation distance holding means in the left-right direction between the pair of square bars.

本発明は、栽培槽が同一高さに宙吊りされ、農作業のために左右動するように構成されているので、ハウス設備、被覆設備、電照設備及び暖房設備等の環境設備が、同一温室内の栽培槽であれば総て同一条件であるため、植物が同じような生育状態をし栽培槽毎に異なる農作業をすることが無く、農作業性が向上し、略同一品質の農作物を収穫可能であるという効果がある。  In the present invention, the cultivation tank is suspended in the same height and moved left and right for agricultural work, so that environmental equipment such as house equipment, covering equipment, electric lighting equipment, and heating equipment is installed in the same greenhouse. As long as the cultivation tanks are of the same condition, the plants are in the same growth state and do not carry out different farming work for each cultivation tank, improving farm workability and harvesting crops of almost the same quality. There is an effect that there is.

又、栽培槽を吊持する角棒や連杆が、その外面が平坦面を有し、且つ隣り合う面を９０度の内角をもって連設している断面方形に形成されているので、角棒や角棒を受けている受具等が面連結或いは面当接をし、横梁、角棒、受具及び連結鋼材等のよれやねじれを未然に防止し、仮に多少のずれが生じても極めて容易に分解修理が可能で、メンテナンス作業が簡単であるという効果がある。又、相互の平坦面を互いに当接して面連結することにより複数の部材を一直線状に接続可能で、更に複数の部材を９０度の角度を有しての接続作業が容易にできるという効果がある。  Moreover, since the square bar and the rod which suspends a cultivation tank are formed in the cross-sectional square shape in which the outer surface has a flat surface and the adjacent surface is connected with the internal angle of 90 degrees, it is a square bar. The receiving tool or the like receiving the square bar is connected or brought into contact with the surface to prevent the horizontal beam, the square bar, the receiving tool and the connecting steel material from being twisted or twisted. There is an effect that it can be easily disassembled and repaired and the maintenance work is simple. In addition, it is possible to connect a plurality of members in a straight line by bringing the flat surfaces into contact with each other and connecting the surfaces, and it is possible to easily connect the plurality of members with an angle of 90 degrees. is there.

対となる角棒間には、該角棒間の左右方向の離隔距離保持手段を設けているので、栽培槽が横方向に傾斜する等の不具合が生じないという効果がある。  Between the square bars to be paired, there is provided a separation distance holding means in the left-right direction between the square bars, so that there is an effect that the problem that the cultivation tank is inclined in the horizontal direction does not occur.

回転シャフトの移動手段をラックとピニオンの噛合移動機構とすることにより、温室内の高湿度環境に対して耐久性を有し、簡易な機構で栽培槽を横方向に水平移動させることができ、隣り合う栽培槽間の間隔を高精度で設定可能であり、植物の成長や植物の栽培季節に応じて栽培槽の間隔を調整可能で、栽培植物の本数の増加や果実の高品質化を図り得るという効果がある。  By making the moving means of the rotating shaft an engagement movement mechanism between the rack and the pinion, it has durability against the high humidity environment in the greenhouse and can move the cultivation tank horizontally in a horizontal direction with a simple mechanism. The interval between adjacent cultivation tanks can be set with high precision, and the interval between cultivation tanks can be adjusted according to the growth of the plants and the cultivation season of the plants, thereby increasing the number of cultivated plants and improving the quality of the fruits. There is an effect of obtaining.

発明の実施するための最良の形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

温室内の複数の栽培槽に対する照射光や温度条件の均一化、栽培槽の１対の吊持部の左右間距離の一定化、一定面積の作付け量の増加、及びメインテナンス作業の効率化という複数の目的を、左右方向の離隔距離保持手段を具備した１対の角棒に吊杆付栽培槽を吊り下げ、吊り下げられる鋼材には平坦面を内角９０度をもって連設して成る角材或いは山形鋼を用い、特に角棒のうち横梁の上方にて直交する前後４０〜６０ｃｍの長さ部分をコ字形受具で受けることで実現した。  Plurality of uniform irradiation light and temperature conditions for a plurality of cultivation tanks in a greenhouse, a constant distance between left and right of a pair of hanging parts of a cultivation tank, an increase in planting amount of a certain area, and an efficiency of maintenance work The purpose of this is to suspend a cultivation tank with a hanging rod on a pair of square bars equipped with a horizontal distance holding means, and a square or mountain shape formed by connecting a flat surface with an internal angle of 90 degrees to the suspended steel material This was realized by using steel, and receiving a length portion of 40-60 cm in the front and rear orthogonal to the upper part of the horizontal beam among the square bars with a U-shaped receiving tool.

図１は本発明植物栽培装置を設けた温室内全体の構成を概念的に簡略化して示した平面説明図、図２は植物栽培装置の構成を示す正面図、図３は植物栽培装置の要部を示す背面斜視図、図４は回転シャフトに回転駆動手段を設けた要部を示す平面図、図５は図４のＡ−Ａ線断面図、図６はラックに回転駆動手段を具備していない回転シャフトを取り付けた状態を示す正面図、図７はラックを設けていない横梁と角棒との交差部分の取り付け状態を示す正面図である。
先ず図１において、前後方向に著しく長い温室（図示せず）内に、温室の左右両端に於いて温室前後方向に所定間隔を有して立設した複数本の支柱（図示せず）上端に天井受台１、２を連結固着している。横梁３は中空角柱よりなり、複数本の横梁３が温室の前後方向に所定間隔を有して離隔し、夫々の横梁３が互いに平行な位置関係となるように天井受台１、２間に架け渡されている。FIG. 1 is a plan explanatory view conceptually simplified showing the overall configuration of a greenhouse provided with the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of the plant cultivation apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the main part of the rotary shaft provided with rotation drive means, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is provided with the rotation drive means in the rack. FIG. 7 is a front view showing an attached state of an intersection portion of a cross beam and a square bar not provided with a rack.
First, in FIG. 1, the upper ends of a plurality of columns (not shown) standing upright in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse at the left and right ends of the greenhouse in a greenhouse (not shown) that is extremely long in the longitudinal direction. The ceiling cradle 1 and 2 are connected and fixed. The horizontal beam 3 is a hollow prism, and a plurality of horizontal beams 3 are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction of the greenhouse, and the horizontal beams 3 are arranged between the ceiling supports 1 and 2 so as to be parallel to each other. It is laid over.

図１及び図２に示すように、側視コ字形吊持部４は横梁３の前後に跨って挟み付け、横梁３に固定的に取り付けられている。側視コ字形吊持部４の下端には吊杆５の上端が固着され、吊杆５の下端は栽培槽６に固定的に取り付けられ、吊杆５、５で栽培槽６を安定的に定位置に吊り下げ支持している。栽培槽６は、前後方向に著しく長い上方を開放した有底容器よりなり、横梁３の左右横方向に所定間隔を有して離隔して互いに平行な位置関係となるように複数配置している。栽培槽６は、農作業者の身長に応じて地表面からの適切な高さに宙吊りに吊り下げられ、定位置に固定的に配置されている。  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side-view U-shaped suspension portion 4 is sandwiched across the front and rear of the cross beam 3 and fixedly attached to the cross beam 3. The upper end of the hanging rod 5 is fixed to the lower end of the side-view U-shaped suspension portion 4, and the lower end of the hanging rod 5 is fixedly attached to the cultivation tank 6. Suspended and supported at a fixed position. The cultivation tank 6 is composed of a bottomed container with an open top that is remarkably long in the front-rear direction, and a plurality of the cultivation tanks 6 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other with a predetermined interval in the left-right lateral direction of the cross beam 3 and in parallel with each other. . The cultivation tank 6 is suspended in a suspended manner at an appropriate height from the ground surface according to the height of the farm worker, and is fixedly arranged at a fixed position.

図２及び図３に示すように、横梁３の下方にはラック７が取り付けられている。ラック７は、横梁３の中心線とラック７の中心線とが互いに平行な位置関係になるように取り付けられている。詳しくは、ラック７は、図２に示すように横梁３に於ける隣り合う栽培槽６、６の対向する吊持部４、４間に、歯を下方に向けて取り付けられている。図１に示すように、ラック７は全ての横梁３に設けられている必要性はなく、前後方向に所定距離離隔して平行に並設された複数の横梁３のうち数本毎に設ける等、複数本の横梁のうち使用者の所望する横梁３に設けていればよい。  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a rack 7 is attached below the cross beam 3. The rack 7 is attached so that the center line of the cross beam 3 and the center line of the rack 7 are in a mutually parallel positional relationship. Specifically, the rack 7 is attached with the teeth facing downward between the opposing suspension portions 4 and 4 of the adjacent cultivation tanks 6 and 6 in the cross beam 3 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the racks 7 do not have to be provided on all the horizontal beams 3, and are provided for every several of the plurality of horizontal beams 3 arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction. Of these, a plurality of cross beams may be provided on the cross beam 3 desired by the user.

前後方向に並設された複数の横梁３に取り付けられた複数のラック７のうち少なくとも１つのラック７は、回転駆動手段を具備した回転シャフトのピニオンと噛合している必要がある。
以下に、回転駆動手段を具備した回転シャフトのピニオンと噛合するラック部分の構成について図１〜図５を参照にして説明する。
横梁３のうちラック７の取付部分に対応する位置には、左右横方向に所定距離を有して離隔し前後方向に延びる互いに平行な１対の角棒８、８が配設されている。角棒８はＣ形鋼よりなり、Ｃ形鋼の開口部を下方に向けて配設されている。対となる角棒８、８間の距離が安定的に保持可能に、角棒８、８間には距離保持手段を設けている。実施例１では、距離保持手段は、角棒８、８の対向側面に山形鋼９、１０を角棒８、８に対して９０度の角度をもって取り付け、山形鋼９、１０の下端に横梁３と平行に山形鋼１１を取り付けることで角棒８、８間の離隔距離を安定的に保持するようにしている。角棒８のうち横梁３との直交部には、コ字形受具１２を角棒８の外面と当接させて一体的に取り付けている。コ字形受具１２は、長さが約４０ｃｍ程度であることが好適である。吊持部１３はコ字形受具１２の長さ方向略中央位置にて、角棒８及びコ字形受具１２を左右方向に跨り、角棒８の開口部と対向面の外面及びコ字形受具１２の両側壁外面と当接して一体的に取り付けられている。吊持部１３と吊杆１４にはボルト挿通孔が夫々穿設されている。該ボルト挿通孔に挿通されたボルト１５に、吊持部１３と夫々のナット１６との間にばね１７を夫々介在させてナット１６を夫々締着することにより、吊持部１３に吊杆１４の上端が取り付けられている。吊持部１３と夫々のナット１６との間に弾性部材として夫々ばね１７を介在させて締着することで、吊杆１４からの振動をばね１７に吸収させ、吊持部１３に振動を伝達させないようにし、吊杆１４の振動を吊持部１３を介してキャスター２０に伝達しないようにしてキャスター２０の横梁３上からの脱輪を防止している。弾性部材は、蔓巻ばねに限定せず、弾性合成樹脂や板ばね等、公知の弾性部材のすべてが本願発明に包含される。吊杆１４の下端には栽培槽１８が取り付けられている。対となる角棒８、８に取着されたコ字形受具１２、１２の下面には、連杆１９が角棒８、８と９０度の角度をもって連結固着されている。連杆１９は溝形鋼よりなる。連杆１９の溝には一方向可動タイプのキャスター２０、２０が、横梁３の上面を走行可能に取り付けられている。キャスター２０、２０は、連杆１９の溝にボルト（図示せず）とナット（図示せず）で脱着自在に取り付けられており、スプリングワッシャ（図示せず）をナットと連杆１９との間に介在させている。支持板２１は、下部に軸受２２を具備し、横梁３に対して９０度の角度をもって連杆１９及び横梁３に固定的に取り付けられている。回転シャフト２３は外周面にピニオン２４を固着した中空管よりなる。回転シャフト２３は中空管よりなるため、中空部にガスを導通し温室暖房用のガス供給管とし、或いは水道管を遊挿して植物への水撒き作用を持たせることが可能である。回転シャフト２３は、ピニオン２４がラック７と噛合し、且つ軸受２２のボールに摺接して円滑に周方向に回転動するように軸受２２に支持されて取り付けられている。ラック７とピニオン２４の噛合部分には、該噛合部分を前後から挟み込むようにカバー２５が設けられ、ラック７とピニオン２４の噛合状態を安定的に保持するようにしている。回転変換装置２６は、モーター２７の駆動により回転するモーター軸の回転動を変換するための装置であって、例えば、複数のウォーム歯車を噛合して内蔵し、モーター軸の回転動を回転シャフト２３に周方向に正逆回転するように伝達するように形成されている。実施例１では、上述の回転シャフト２３のうちモーター等の駆動手段を設けた部分が交差する横梁３は、図１に示すように前後方向に複数並設された横梁３のうち中央部分に位置する横梁３である場合を例に説明しているが、複数の横梁３のうち中央部分に位置する横梁３部分に限定するものではなく、数箇所に所定間隔を有して設けることも本願発明に含まれる。At least one rack 7 out of a plurality of racks 7 attached to a plurality of transverse beams 3 arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction needs to mesh with a pinion of a rotating shaft provided with a rotation driving means.
Below, the structure of the rack part meshing | engaged with the pinion of the rotating shaft provided with the rotation drive means is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.
A pair of square bars 8 and 8 extending in the front-rear direction and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction are disposed at positions corresponding to the mounting portions of the rack 7 in the horizontal beam 3. The square bar 8 is made of C-shaped steel, and is disposed with the opening of the C-shaped steel facing downward. A distance holding means is provided between the square bars 8 and 8 so that the distance between the pair of square bars 8 and 8 can be stably held. In the first embodiment, the distance holding means attaches the angle steels 9 and 10 to the opposite side surfaces of the square bars 8 and 8 at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the square bars 8 and 8, and the transverse beams 3 at the lower ends of the angle steels 9 and 10. By attaching the angle steel 11 in parallel, the separation distance between the square bars 8, 8 is stably maintained. A U-shaped receiving member 12 is integrally attached to an orthogonal portion of the square bar 8 with the horizontal beam 3 so as to contact the outer surface of the square bar 8. The U-shaped receiving member 12 is preferably about 40 cm in length. The hanging portion 13 is straddling the square bar 8 and the U-shaped receiver 12 in the left-right direction at a substantially central position in the length direction of the U-shaped receiver 12, and the opening of the square bar 8 and the outer surface of the opposing surface and the U-shaped receiver. It is attached integrally with the outer surface of both side walls of the tool 12. Bolt insertion holes are formed in the hanging portion 13 and the hanging rod 14, respectively. The bolts 15 inserted into the bolt insertion holes are respectively clamped with the nuts 16 by interposing springs 17 between the suspension portions 13 and the respective nuts 16, so that the suspension rods 14 are attached to the suspension portions 13. The top of the is attached. The spring 17 is interposed as an elastic member between the suspension portion 13 and each nut 16 and fastened, whereby the vibration from the suspension rod 14 is absorbed by the spring 17 and the vibration is transmitted to the suspension portion 13. Thus, the vibration of the hanger 14 is not transmitted to the caster 20 via the suspension part 13 to prevent the caster 20 from coming off from the horizontal beam 3. The elastic member is not limited to the vine spring, and all known elastic members such as an elastic synthetic resin and a leaf spring are included in the present invention. A cultivation tank 18 is attached to the lower end of the hanging rod 14. On the lower surface of the U-shaped receiving members 12 and 12 attached to the paired square bars 8 and 8, a continuous rod 19 is connected and fixed to the square bars 8 and 8 at an angle of 90 degrees. The continuous rod 19 is made of channel steel. Casters 20 and 20 of one-way movable type are attached to the groove of the continuous rod 19 so as to be able to run on the upper surface of the cross beam 3. The casters 20 and 20 are detachably attached to the groove of the linkage 19 with bolts (not shown) and nuts (not shown), and a spring washer (not shown) is provided between the nut and the linkage 19. Is intervening. The support plate 21 includes a bearing 22 at a lower portion thereof, and is fixedly attached to the linkage 19 and the cross beam 3 with an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the cross beam 3. The rotating shaft 23 is formed of a hollow tube having a pinion 24 fixed to the outer peripheral surface. Since the rotating shaft 23 is formed of a hollow tube, it is possible to conduct a gas through the hollow portion to serve as a gas supply tube for greenhouse heating, or to have a watering effect on a plant by loosely inserting a water pipe. The rotating shaft 23 is supported and attached to the bearing 22 so that the pinion 24 meshes with the rack 7 and slides in contact with the ball of the bearing 22 to smoothly rotate in the circumferential direction. A cover 25 is provided at the meshing portion of the rack 7 and the pinion 24 so as to sandwich the meshing portion from the front and rear, so that the meshing state of the rack 7 and the pinion 24 is stably maintained. The rotation conversion device 26 is a device for converting the rotational motion of the motor shaft that is rotated by driving the motor 27. For example, the rotational conversion device 26 is engaged with a plurality of worm gears and incorporates the rotational motion of the motor shaft. It is formed to transmit so as to rotate forward and backward in the circumferential direction. In the first embodiment, the transverse beam 3 intersecting with the portion provided with the driving means such as the motor of the rotating shaft 23 is positioned at the center portion of the transverse beams 3 arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction as shown in FIG. However, the present invention is not limited to the horizontal beam 3 portion located at the center portion of the plurality of horizontal beams 3, and it is also possible to provide a plurality of horizontal beams with predetermined intervals. include.

ラック７が取り付けられた横梁３のうち、回転駆動手段を具備していない回転シャフト２３の取り付け状態について、図６を参照にして説明する。横梁３の下方にラック７を取り付けている。横梁３の上方に於いて、横梁３と直交して交差するＣ形鋼よりなる角棒８、８は、左右に所定距離を有して離隔され平行な位置関係に設けられている。角棒８のうち横梁３との直交部には、コ字形受具１２を角棒８の外面と当接させて一体的に取り付けている。コ字形受具１２の長さは不問であるが、長さが約４０ｃｍ〜６０ｃｍ程度であることが好適である。コ字形受具１２の長さを４０ｃｍ程度にすることで吊持部１３、連杆１９等を点連結ではなく面連結とし、１対の角棒８、８の捩れを防止可能である。吊持部１３はコ字形受具１２の長さ方向略中央位置にて、角棒８及びコ字形受具１２を左右方向に跨り、角棒８の開口部と対向面の外面及びコ字形受具１２の両側壁外面と当接して一体的に取り付けられている。吊持部１３と吊杆１４には、ボルト挿通孔が夫々穿設されている。該ボルト挿通孔に挿通されたボルト１５に、吊持部１３と夫々のナット１６との間に夫々ばね１７を介在させてナット１６を締着することにより、吊持部１３に吊杆１４の上端が取り付けられている。吊持部１３と夫々のナット１６との間に弾性部材として夫々ばね１７を介在させて締着することで、吊杆１４からの振動をばね１７に吸収させ、吊持部１３に振動を伝達させないようにしている。このように、それぞれのボルト１５に螺着するナット１６と吊持部１３との間にばね１７を夫々設けることにより、吊杆１４の振動を吊持部１３を介してキャスター２０に伝達しないようにし、キャスター２０の横梁３上からの脱輪を防止している。弾性部材は、蔓巻ばねに限定せず、弾性合成樹脂や板ばね等、公知の弾性部材のすべてが本願発明に包含される。吊杆１４の下端には栽培槽１８が取り付けられている。対となる角棒８、８に取着されたコ字形受具１２、１２の下面には、連杆１９が角棒８、８と９０度の角度をもって連結固着されている。連杆１９は溝形鋼よりなる。連杆１９の溝には一方向可動タイプのキャスター２０、２０が、横梁３の上面を脱輪することなく、横梁３の長さ方向に沿って安全に走行可能に取り付けられている。支持板２１は、下部に軸受を具備し、横梁３に対して９０度の角度をもって連杆１９及び横梁３に固定的に取り付けられている。回転シャフト２３は外周面にピニオン２４を固着した中空管よりなる。回転シャフト２３は、ピニオン２４がラック７と噛合し、且つ軸受に摺接して円滑に周方向に回転動するように軸受に支持されて取り付けられている。ラック７とピニオン２４の噛合部分前後にはカバー２５が設けられ、ラック７とピニオン２４の噛合状態を安定的に保持するようにしている。
実施例１では、ラック７が取り付けられた横梁３のうち、回転駆動手段を具備していない回転シャフト２３が直交する横梁は、図１のうち前後方向から夫々２本目の横梁部分に設けられている場合を例に説明したが、本願発明は回転シャフト２３が円滑に回転するために必要であれば、回転シャフト２３のうち横梁３と交差する部分の必要な所望位置に設ける場合のすべてが含まれる。Of the horizontal beams 3 to which the rack 7 is attached, the attachment state of the rotary shaft 23 not provided with the rotation drive means will be described with reference to FIG. A rack 7 is attached below the horizontal beam 3. Above the cross beam 3, the square bars 8 and 8 made of C-shaped steel that intersect perpendicularly with the cross beam 3 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and provided in a parallel positional relationship. A U-shaped receiving member 12 is integrally attached to an orthogonal portion of the square bar 8 with the horizontal beam 3 so as to contact the outer surface of the square bar 8. Although the length of the U-shaped receiving member 12 is not limited, it is preferable that the length is about 40 cm to 60 cm. By making the length of the U-shaped receiver 12 about 40 cm, the suspension part 13, the connecting rod 19, etc. can be made to be surface connection instead of point connection, and twisting of the pair of square bars 8, 8 can be prevented. The hanging portion 13 is straddling the square bar 8 and the U-shaped receiver 12 in the left-right direction at a substantially central position in the length direction of the U-shaped receiver 12, and the opening of the square bar 8 and the outer surface of the opposing surface and the U-shaped receiver. It is attached integrally with the outer surface of both side walls of the tool 12. Bolt insertion holes are formed in the hanging portion 13 and the hanging rod 14, respectively. The bolts 15 inserted through the bolt insertion holes are fastened with nuts 16 by interposing springs 17 between the suspension portions 13 and the respective nuts 16, whereby the suspension rods 14 are attached to the suspension portions 13. The top is attached. The spring 17 is interposed as an elastic member between the suspension portion 13 and each nut 16 and fastened, whereby the vibration from the suspension rod 14 is absorbed by the spring 17 and the vibration is transmitted to the suspension portion 13. I try not to let you. In this way, by providing the springs 17 between the nuts 16 screwed to the respective bolts 15 and the suspension parts 13, the vibration of the suspension rod 14 is not transmitted to the casters 20 via the suspension parts 13. Thus, the caster 20 is prevented from being removed from the cross beam 3. The elastic member is not limited to the vine spring, and all known elastic members such as an elastic synthetic resin and a leaf spring are included in the present invention. A cultivation tank 18 is attached to the lower end of the hanging rod 14. On the lower surface of the U-shaped receiving members 12 and 12 attached to the paired square bars 8 and 8, a continuous rod 19 is connected and fixed to the square bars 8 and 8 at an angle of 90 degrees. The continuous rod 19 is made of channel steel. Casters 20 and 20 of a unidirectional movable type are attached to the groove of the continuous rod 19 so as to be able to travel safely along the length direction of the horizontal beam 3 without removing the upper surface of the horizontal beam 3. The support plate 21 is provided with a bearing at the lower part, and is fixedly attached to the linkage 19 and the cross beam 3 at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the cross beam 3. The rotating shaft 23 is formed of a hollow tube having a pinion 24 fixed to the outer peripheral surface. The rotating shaft 23 is supported and attached to the bearing so that the pinion 24 meshes with the rack 7 and slides in contact with the bearing and smoothly rotates in the circumferential direction. Covers 25 are provided before and after the meshing portion of the rack 7 and the pinion 24 so as to stably maintain the meshing state of the rack 7 and the pinion 24.
In the first embodiment, of the cross beams 3 to which the rack 7 is attached, the cross beams that are orthogonal to the rotation shaft 23 that does not include the rotation driving means are provided in the second cross beam portions from the front-rear direction in FIG. The present invention has been described by way of example, but the present invention includes all cases where the rotary shaft 23 is provided at a desired desired position at a portion intersecting the cross beam 3 of the rotary shaft 23 if necessary to smoothly rotate. It is.

横梁３のうちラックを設けていない部分に於いては、図７に示すように、軸受２２を具備する支持板２１を連杆１９に取り付け、軸受２２に回転シャフト２３を挿通支持している。角棒８にはコ字形受具１２を取り付けている。吊持部１３の中途部位より下部位置と吊杆１４の上部にはボルト挿通孔を対向する位置に夫々穿設し、このボルト挿通孔にボルト１５を挿通している。ボルト１５にはナット１６をばね１７を介在させて吊持部１３と吊杆１４を挟み付けて締着し、吊持部１３は吊杆１４をボルト１５により吊り下げ支持している。対となる角棒８、８に取着されたコ字形受具１２、１２の下面には、連杆１９が連設され、一方向可動タイプのキャスター２０、２０が取り付けられている。連杆１９には支持板２１が取り付けられ、支持板２１には軸受２２を有する回転シャフト挿通孔が穿設され、該回転シャフト挿通孔には回転シャフト２３が挿通されている。
実施例１では、図１で示される横梁３のうちラック７が取り付けられていない横梁３には、図７に示す角棒８への回転シャフト２３の取り付け構造により取り付けられている。As shown in FIG. 7, a support plate 21 having a bearing 22 is attached to the linkage 19 and a rotating shaft 23 is inserted into and supported by the bearing 22 at a portion of the horizontal beam 3 where no rack is provided. A U-shaped receiving tool 12 is attached to the square bar 8. Bolt insertion holes are drilled at positions below the midway part of the suspension part 13 and at the upper part of the hanging rod 14 at positions facing each other, and bolts 15 are inserted through the bolt insertion holes. A nut 16 is attached to the bolt 15 with a spring 17 interposed therebetween, and the suspension portion 13 and the suspension rod 14 are sandwiched and fastened. The suspension portion 13 supports the suspension rod 14 suspended by the bolt 15. On the lower surface of the U-shaped receivers 12 and 12 attached to the paired square bars 8 and 8, a continuous rod 19 is connected, and casters 20 and 20 of one-way movable type are attached. A support plate 21 is attached to the linkage 19, and a rotation shaft insertion hole having a bearing 22 is formed in the support plate 21, and a rotation shaft 23 is inserted into the rotation shaft insertion hole.
In the first embodiment, the horizontal beam 3 shown in FIG. 1 to which the rack 7 is not attached is attached to the square beam 8 shown in FIG.

次に、作用について説明する。モーター２７の駆動によりモーター軸が水平方向に回転し、該回転を回転変換器２６により変換し、回転シャフト２３を周方向に回転させる。ピニオン２４も回転シャフト２３と同期回転する。ピニオン２４はラック７のラック歯と噛合して回転動し、回転シャフト２３を回転方向に移動させる。支持板２１は回転シャフト２３を軸支し、且つ連杆１９に固着されているためピニオン２４の回転に応じてキャスター２０、２０が回転シャフト２３の移動量と同一量をもって横梁３の上面を走行する。吊杆１４に吊設された栽培槽１８は、高さを変化することなく宙吊り状態で水平移動する。回転変換装置２６は、モーター軸の回転動を回転シャフト２３に周方向に正逆回転するように伝達するように形成されているので、スイッチの操作により栽培槽１８を左右いづれか所望方向に水平移動することができる。農作業のためのスペースが必要な場合は、スイッチの操作により栽培槽１８を一方向に移動させて農作業者の作業スペースを確保するように作用する。回転シャフト２３は全ての横梁３との全ての交差箇所に於いて、軸受けにより回転自在に軸支されているため、約５０ｍ回転シャフト２３であっても、１個のモーターの駆動により角棒８をねじれさせること無く、前後が同一移動量をもって円滑に移動する。  Next, the operation will be described. When the motor 27 is driven, the motor shaft rotates in the horizontal direction, the rotation is converted by the rotation converter 26, and the rotating shaft 23 is rotated in the circumferential direction. The pinion 24 also rotates in synchronization with the rotating shaft 23. The pinion 24 meshes with the rack teeth of the rack 7 and rotates to move the rotating shaft 23 in the rotation direction. Since the support plate 21 supports the rotary shaft 23 and is fixed to the linkage 19, the casters 20 and 20 run on the upper surface of the cross beam 3 with the same amount of movement of the rotary shaft 23 as the pinion 24 rotates. To do. The cultivation tank 18 suspended from the hanging rod 14 moves horizontally in a suspended state without changing its height. The rotation conversion device 26 is formed so as to transmit the rotational movement of the motor shaft to the rotation shaft 23 so as to rotate forward and backward in the circumferential direction, so that the cultivation tank 18 is horizontally moved in a desired direction either left or right by the operation of the switch. can do. When a space for farm work is necessary, the cultivation tank 18 is moved in one direction by operating a switch so as to secure a work space for the farm worker. Since the rotating shaft 23 is rotatably supported by bearings at all the intersections with all the cross beams 3, even if the rotating shaft 23 is about 50 m, the square bar 8 is driven by a single motor. The front and back move smoothly with the same amount of movement without twisting.

温室内に設けた横梁３の長さが５９５ｃｍである場合、横幅３５ｃｍの固定式栽培槽６を横方向に宙吊りに設けるには、図８に示すように作業用スペースを最外側に夫々８５ｃｍのスペースと、栽培槽６間に９５ｃｍのスペースを必要とし、栽培槽６は４個しか配置できない。図９に示すように、固定式栽培槽６と可動式栽培槽１８を交互に配置すると、最外側に夫々９０ｃｍのスペースと、栽培槽６、１８間に６０ｃｍのスペースを必要とし、栽培槽６、１８を合計５個配置することが可能で、図８に示す固定式栽培槽６のみを配置した場合と比較すると栽培耕地が２５％広くなった。図１０に示すように、中央に固定式栽培槽６を配置し、左右に可動式栽培槽１８を配置すると、最外側に４４ｃｍのスペースと栽培槽６、１８間に４４ｃｍのスペースを必要とし、合計６個の栽培槽６、１８を配置することが可能で、図８に示す固定式栽培槽６のみを配置した場合と比較すると栽培耕地面積が７５％広くなった。このように、可動式の栽培槽１８を配置することで、固定式の栽培槽６のみを配置した場合と比較して、同一面積の温室内で広い栽培面積を確保可能であるという効果がある。  When the length of the horizontal beam 3 provided in the greenhouse is 595 cm, in order to provide the fixed cultivation tank 6 with a horizontal width of 35 cm suspended in the horizontal direction, the working space is 85 cm on the outermost side as shown in FIG. A space of 95 cm is required between the space and the cultivation tank 6, and only four cultivation tanks 6 can be arranged. As shown in FIG. 9, when the stationary cultivation tank 6 and the movable cultivation tank 18 are alternately arranged, a space of 90 cm is required on the outermost side and a space of 60 cm between the cultivation tanks 6 and 18, respectively. , 18 can be arranged in total, and the cultivation cultivated land is 25% wider than the case where only the fixed cultivation tank 6 shown in FIG. 8 is arranged. As shown in FIG. 10, when the fixed cultivation tank 6 is arranged in the center and the movable cultivation tank 18 is arranged on the left and right, a space of 44 cm is required on the outermost side and a space of 44 cm between the cultivation tanks 6 and 18, A total of six cultivation tanks 6 and 18 can be arranged, and the cultivation cultivated land area is 75% wider than that in the case where only the fixed cultivation tank 6 shown in FIG. 8 is arranged. Thus, by arranging the movable cultivation tank 18, there is an effect that it is possible to secure a wide cultivation area in the greenhouse having the same area as compared with the case where only the fixed cultivation tank 6 is arranged. .

図１１を参照にして実施例２について説明する。実施例１と異なる点は回転シャフト２３のうち横梁３との交差部には、すべて回転シャフトに回転駆動手段を設けている点である。
このような構成にすることで、５０ｍを越す回転シャフトであっても、極めて容易に回転可能であるという効果がある。Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG. A different point from the first embodiment is that a rotation driving means is provided on the rotating shaft at all of the rotating shaft 23 at the intersection with the cross beam 3.
With such a configuration, there is an effect that even a rotating shaft exceeding 50 m can be rotated very easily.

横梁を天井受台に架設することなく、土地に立設した支柱と横桟を使用し、土地を有効利用することで、屋外の農業にも利用可能である。  It is possible to use it for outdoor agriculture by effectively utilizing the land by using the pillars and cross rails that are erected on the land without installing the horizontal beam on the ceiling pedestal.

植物栽培装置を設けた温室内全体の構成を概念的に簡略化して示した平面説明図である。（実施例１）It is plane explanatory drawing which simplified and showed notionally the structure of the whole greenhouse provided with the plant cultivation apparatus. Example 1 植物栽培装置の構成を示す正面図である。（実施例１）It is a front view which shows the structure of a plant cultivation apparatus. Example 1 植物栽培装置の要部を示す背面斜視図である。（実施例１）It is a back perspective view which shows the principal part of a plant cultivation apparatus. Example 1 回転シャフトに回転駆動手段を設けた要部を示す平面図である。（実施例１）It is a top view which shows the principal part which provided the rotational drive means in the rotating shaft. Example 1 図４のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。（実施例１）It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. Example 1 ラックに回転駆動手段を具備していない回転シャフトを取り付けた状態を示す正面図である。（実施例１）It is a front view which shows the state which attached the rotating shaft which is not equipped with the rotation drive means to the rack. Example 1 ラックを設けていない横梁と角棒との交差部分の取り付け状態を示す正面図である。（実施例１）It is a front view which shows the attachment state of the cross | intersection part of the horizontal beam and square bar which are not providing the rack. Example 1 温室内に固定式の栽培槽のみを配置した場合の栽培槽配置状態を示す説明図である。（実施例１）It is explanatory drawing which shows the cultivation tank arrangement | positioning state at the time of arrange | positioning only a fixed type cultivation tank in a greenhouse. Example 1 温室内に固定式の栽培槽と可動式の栽培槽を交互に配置した場合の栽培槽配置状態を示す説明図である。（実施例１）It is explanatory drawing which shows the cultivation tank arrangement | positioning state at the time of arrange | positioning a stationary cultivation tank and a movable cultivation tank alternately in a greenhouse. Example 1 温室内に、中央に固定式の栽培槽を配置し、固定式の栽培槽の左右に可動式の栽培槽を配置した場合の栽培槽配置状態を示す説明図である。（実施例１）It is explanatory drawing which shows the cultivation tank arrangement | positioning state at the time of arrange | positioning a stationary cultivation tank in the center in a greenhouse, and arrange | positioning a movable cultivation tank on the right and left of a stationary cultivation tank. Example 1 植物栽培装置を設けた温室内全体の構成を概念的に簡略化して示した平面説明図である。（実施例２）It is plane explanatory drawing which simplified and showed notionally the structure of the whole greenhouse provided with the plant cultivation apparatus. (Example 2)

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３ 横梁
５、１４ 吊杆
６、１８ 栽培槽
７ ラック
８ 角棒
１３ 吊持部
１９ 連杆
２０ キャスター
２１ 支持板
２３ 回転シャフト
２４ ピニオン
２６ 回転変換器DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Cross beam 5, 14 Hanging rod 6, 18 Cultivation tank 7 Rack 8 Square bar 13 Suspension part 19 Continuous 20 Caster 21 Support plate 23 Rotating shaft 24 Pinion 26 Rotation converter

Claims (4)

温室内に、複数の横梁を前後方向に所定距離離隔して互いに平行な位置関係に夫々配置し、該横梁の下方に於いて、前記横梁と直交して前記横梁と直交する方向へ水平移動可能な回転シャフトを設け、
前記横梁の上方に於いて、前記横梁と９０度の角度を有して前後方向に延びる１対の角棒を設け、該１対の角棒は左右方向に所定距離を有して平行に離隔配設され、
前記対となる角棒間には連杆を架設し、該連杆には前記横梁上を走行するキャスターを取り付けると共に、前記連杆には支持板を垂設し、該支持板の下部には回転シャフト挿通孔が穿設され、
前記回転シャフトには、周方向に正逆回転する回転駆動手段を具備し、
前記角棒には吊杆を具備した栽培槽が、吊持されてなることを特徴とする植物栽培装置。In a greenhouse, a plurality of transverse beams are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, and can be horizontally moved in a direction perpendicular to the transverse beams and below the transverse beams. A rotating shaft,
Above the cross beam, a pair of square bars extending in the front-rear direction at an angle of 90 degrees with the cross beam are provided, and the pair of square bars are spaced in parallel with a predetermined distance in the left-right direction. Arranged,
A link is installed between the pair of square bars, and a caster that runs on the cross beam is attached to the link, and a support plate is suspended from the link, and a lower part of the support plate is provided below the support plate. Rotating shaft insertion hole is drilled,
The rotating shaft includes a rotation driving means that rotates forward and backward in the circumferential direction,
A plant cultivation apparatus in which a cultivation tank equipped with a hanging rod is suspended from the square bar. 温室内に、複数の横梁を前後方向に所定距離離隔して互いに平行な位置関係に夫々配置し、該横梁の下方に於いて、前記横梁と直交して前記横梁と直交する方向へ水平移動可能な回転シャフトを設け、
前記横梁の上方に於いて、前記横梁と９０度の角度を有して前後方向に延びる１対の角棒を設け、該１対の角棒は左右方向に所定距離を有して平行に離隔配設され、
前記対となる角棒間には連杆を架設し、該連杆には前記横梁上を走行するキャスターを取り付けると共に、前記連杆には支持板を垂設し、該支持板の下部には回転シャフト挿通孔が穿設され、
前記回転シャフトには、周方向に正逆回転する回転駆動手段を具備し、
前記角棒には吊杆を具備した栽培槽が、前記栽培槽の振動を前記キャスターに伝達しないようにした振動吸収機構を介して吊持されてなることを特徴とする植物栽培装置。In a greenhouse, a plurality of transverse beams are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction, and can be horizontally moved in a direction perpendicular to the transverse beams and below the transverse beams. A rotating shaft,
Above the cross beam, a pair of square bars extending in the front-rear direction at an angle of 90 degrees with the cross beam are provided, and the pair of square bars are spaced in parallel with a predetermined distance in the left-right direction. Arranged,
A link is installed between the pair of square bars, and a caster that runs on the cross beam is attached to the link, and a support plate is suspended from the link, and a lower part of the support plate is provided below the support plate. Rotating shaft insertion hole is drilled,
The rotating shaft includes a rotation driving means that rotates forward and backward in the circumferential direction,
A plant cultivation device, wherein a cultivation tank equipped with a hanging rod is suspended from the square bar via a vibration absorbing mechanism that prevents the vibration of the cultivation tank from being transmitted to the caster. 上記振動吸収機構は、前記角棒に掛け渡した吊持部に取付部材に弾性部材を介在させて吊杆を取り付け、前記吊杆の振動を前記弾性部材で吸収し、前記吊持部に吊杆の振動を伝達不可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の植物栽培装置。  The vibration absorbing mechanism has a suspension member attached to an attachment member with an attachment member attached to a suspension portion that spans the square bar, absorbs vibration of the suspension member with the elastic member, and is suspended by the suspension portion. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein vibrations of the cocoon are not transmitted. 上記対となる角棒間には、該角棒間の左右方向の離隔距離保持手段を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１、２又は３に記載の植物栽培装置。  The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a left-right separation distance holding means between the square bars is provided between the pair of square bars.

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