JP4946119B2 - Drying and preheating equipment for hopper and blast furnace raw materials - Google Patents

Drying and preheating equipment for hopper and blast furnace raw materials Download PDF

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JP4946119B2
JP4946119B2 JP2006081957A JP2006081957A JP4946119B2 JP 4946119 B2 JP4946119 B2 JP 4946119B2 JP 2006081957 A JP2006081957 A JP 2006081957A JP 2006081957 A JP2006081957 A JP 2006081957A JP 4946119 B2 JP4946119 B2 JP 4946119B2
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hopper
raw material
blast furnace
air supply
gas
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JP2007254835A (en
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望 西村
智明 田玉
直樹 石原
康一 林
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JFE Steel Corp
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本発明は、鉄鉱石、コークス等の高炉装入原料のホッパー及び乾燥予熱装置に関し、特に、高炉原料を乾燥、予熱することにより、高炉への粉原料の装入を回避し、高炉の安定操業を図る技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a hopper for a blast furnace charge such as iron ore and coke, and a drying preheating device, and in particular, by drying and preheating the blast furnace raw material, it is possible to avoid the charging of the powder raw material into the blast furnace and to stably operate the blast furnace It is related with the technology to plan.

高炉では、鉄鉱石、コークス、造滓剤を原料として炉頂から炉内へ装入し、炉下部から高温空気あるいは酸素を富化した高温空気を炉内へ吹き込むことによりコークスを燃焼し、この燃焼により発生する熱とＣＯガスを利用して鉄鉱石の還元、溶融を行うことで、溶銑を製造している。炉頂から装入される原料は数ｍｍから数十ｍｍの粒状に調整されて、炉内へ装入されるので、炉下部でコークスの燃焼によって発生する燃焼ガスは炉内に充填された粒状の原料の間隙を炉頂へ向けて上昇することになる。   In a blast furnace, iron ore, coke, and a coagulant are charged into the furnace from the top of the furnace, and high temperature air or high temperature air enriched with oxygen is blown into the furnace from the bottom of the furnace to burn the coke. Hot metal is produced by reducing and melting iron ore using heat and CO gas generated by combustion. The raw material charged from the top of the furnace is adjusted to a granularity of several mm to several tens of mm and charged into the furnace, so the combustion gas generated by the combustion of coke at the lower part of the furnace is granular filled in the furnace. The gap between the raw materials will rise toward the furnace top.

原料への熱供給は主としてこの燃焼ガスからの伝熱により行われるために、炉内における燃焼ガスの流れが適正な状態でないと、原料の昇温が不安定となり、鉄鉱石の還元、溶融に支障をきたすことになる。   Since heat supply to the raw material is mainly performed by heat transfer from this combustion gas, if the flow of the combustion gas in the furnace is not in an appropriate state, the temperature rise of the raw material becomes unstable, resulting in reduction or melting of iron ore. It will cause trouble.

したがって、炉内のガス流を適正なものとするために、炉頂における原料の炉内装入時に、炉内の適正な位置へ適正な粒度の原料を装入するための、炉頂装入装置や炉頂装入方法の開発が鋭意進められている。   Therefore, in order to make the gas flow in the furnace appropriate, the furnace top charging device for charging the raw material of the appropriate particle size to the appropriate position in the furnace when the raw material in the furnace top enters the furnace. And the development of furnace top charging methods are underway.

しかしながら、このような原料装入装置や方法の工夫を精緻に行っていても、原料そのものに粉が混入してしまうと、炉内への粉原料の装入は回避できず、上記したガス流の適正化は困難となってしまう。   However, even if such a raw material charging apparatus and method are elaborated, if powder is mixed into the raw material itself, charging of the powder raw material into the furnace cannot be avoided, and the above gas flow It becomes difficult to optimize.

高炉で使用される原料には、焼結機やコークス炉において製造されて粒度調整後直接、高炉の原料槽へ送られてくる原料と、製造後一旦ヤードと呼ばれる露天の保管場所にて保管された後に、改めてこれを回収して高炉原料槽へ送られてくる原料、さらには、鉄鉱石の中には、工場に入荷後に粒状のままヤードに保管され、これを回収して粒度調整後に高炉の原料槽へ送られてくる原料もある。これらの原料のうち、ヤードで保管された後に高炉原料槽へ送られてくるものについては、ヤード保管時に雨水等による湿潤が進むことが避けられず、水分含有量が数ｍａｓｓ％となり、中には水分含有量が１０ｍａｓｓ％を超えるような原料もある。   The raw materials used in the blast furnace are stored in an open-air storage area called a yard once manufactured and directly sent to the blast furnace raw material tank after grain size adjustment after being manufactured in a sintering machine or coke oven. After that, this material is collected again and sent to the blast furnace raw material tank, and some iron ore is stored in the yard in granular form after it arrives at the factory. Some raw materials are sent to the raw material tank. Among these raw materials, those that are sent to the blast furnace raw material tank after being stored in the yard are inevitably wet with rainwater when stored in the yard, and the moisture content becomes several mass%. Some raw materials have a water content exceeding 10 mass%.

こうした水分量の多い原料では、原料の粒子に粉原料が水分によって付着しているため、篩等により粒度調整をおこなっても粉原料が除去できない場合が生じる。また、このような水分を含んだ粉原料は篩の網そのものにも付着しやすいため、篩の目詰まりの原因となり、その結果さらに原料の篩分けが困難になるという問題がある。   In such a raw material with a large amount of water, the powder raw material adheres to the raw material particles due to water, and thus the powder raw material may not be removed even if the particle size is adjusted by a sieve or the like. Moreover, since the powder raw material containing such moisture easily adheres to the sieve net itself, it causes clogging of the sieve, and as a result, there is a problem that sieving of the raw material becomes more difficult.

篩により粒原料から除去しきれなかった粉原料は粒原料に付着したまま炉頂へ運ばれて炉内へ装入されると、炉内の熱により乾燥されて粒原料の表面から離脱するので、炉内の原料の間隙を流れ、場合によっては原料同士の間隙に粒原料が溜まって炉内のガス流を阻害するといった現象を引き起こすこともある。   The powder raw material that could not be removed from the granular raw material by the sieve is transported to the top of the furnace while being attached to the granular raw material, and when it is inserted into the furnace, it is dried by the heat in the furnace and detached from the surface of the granular raw material. In some cases, the raw material flows in the gap between the raw materials in the furnace, and in some cases, the granular raw material accumulates in the gap between the raw materials to inhibit the gas flow in the furnace.

したがって、高炉原料に付着する粉原料を除去する技術は、高炉炉内への原料装入技術と同等に重要な技術であるといえる。   Therefore, it can be said that the technique of removing the powder raw material adhering to the blast furnace raw material is as important as the raw material charging technique in the blast furnace furnace.

従来、高炉の原料を予熱する、という観点で、特許文献１において、高炉原料の秤量前に、高炉ドライピット、冶金用加熱炉その他の熱風発生源から排出される雰囲気ガスもしくは排ガスを回収し、そのガス熱量を高炉原料に与える高炉原料の恒湿温間装入方法、が提案されている。これは、高炉原料に付着している水分を、その秤量前に加熱してできるだけ除去し、原料中の水分を一定量とし、高炉原料の秤量を正確に行うことを目的としているものである。
特開昭５３-１４１１１７号公報 Conventionally, from the viewpoint of preheating the blast furnace raw material, in Patent Document 1, before weighing the blast furnace raw material, atmospheric gas or exhaust gas discharged from a blast furnace dry pit, a metallurgical heating furnace or other hot air generating source is recovered, There has been proposed a constant-humidity warm charging method for a blast furnace raw material that gives the gas calorific value to the blast furnace raw material. The purpose of this is to remove the moisture adhering to the blast furnace raw material as much as possible by heating it before weighing it, to keep the moisture in the raw material constant, and to accurately weigh the blast furnace raw material.
JP-A-53-141117

特許文献１に記載の技術を用いれば、高炉原料を高炉装入前に加熱して乾燥させることができ、高炉炉内へ投入される水分量を低減することで、高炉操業において炉内へ投入される熱量を低減することが可能となる。しかしながら、この技術は高炉原料の乾燥により含水率を低減させて秤量を正確に行なうことを目的とするものであり、付着していた粉原料も粒原料と一緒に秤量されて高炉炉内へ装入されてしまうため、高炉炉内における粉原料による目詰まりの発生を防ぐことはできないと考えられる。つまり、高炉操業において炉内へ投入される熱量を低減することはできるが、炉内へ装入される粉原料を低減するという目的には効果がないものである。   If the technology described in Patent Document 1 is used, the blast furnace raw material can be heated and dried before charging the blast furnace, and the amount of water introduced into the blast furnace furnace is reduced, so that the blast furnace operation is input into the furnace. It is possible to reduce the amount of heat generated. However, this technology aims to reduce the moisture content by drying the blast furnace raw material and accurately measure it. The adhering powder raw material is weighed together with the granular raw material and loaded into the blast furnace furnace. Therefore, it is considered impossible to prevent clogging due to the powder raw material in the blast furnace furnace. That is, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat input into the furnace in the blast furnace operation, but it is not effective for the purpose of reducing the powder raw material charged into the furnace.

したがって本発明は、このような従来技術の課題を解決し、高炉原料の乾燥、予熱を安価な方法で実施可能とすると共に、高炉操業において炉内へ投入される熱量を低減し、高炉への粉原料の持込量を低減することで炉内のガス流を適正なものとし、これにより高炉の安定操業を達成するホッパー及び高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention solves such problems of the prior art, enables drying and preheating of the blast furnace raw material by an inexpensive method, reduces the amount of heat input into the furnace during blast furnace operation, and An object of the present invention is to provide a hopper and a blast furnace raw material drying preheating device that achieves an appropriate gas flow in the furnace by reducing the amount of powder raw material brought in, thereby achieving stable operation of the blast furnace.

このような課題を解決するための本発明の特徴は以下の通りである。
（１）高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置であって、ホッパーの側壁に加熱ガスを前記ホッパー内に供給する送気口を有する、高炉の原料を貯蔵する前記ホッパーと、該ホッパー内へ加熱ガスを送気する送気配管を有する、前記ホッパーの側壁から加熱ガスを前記ホッパー内へ供給する送気装置と、該ホッパーの下方に設置された前記原料を排出するフィーダーと、該フィーダーから排出される前記原料を篩分けする篩設備と、前記ホッパー内のガスを吸引して除塵する排気装置とを有し、前記送気配管の先端部分は前記ホッパー内部へ１０〜３０ｍｍ突出して送気口を形成することを特徴とする高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。
（２）送気装置が、加熱ガスを昇圧する昇圧ファンを有し、前記送気配管のホッパー外部部分にダスト排出口が設置されていることを特徴とする（１）に記載の高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。
（３） 送気口がホッパーの側壁の周方向に複数設置されていることを特徴とする（１）または（２）に記載の高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。 The features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
(1) A blast furnace raw material drying preheating apparatus, which has an air supply port for supplying heated gas into the hopper on the side wall of the hopper , the hopper for storing the blast furnace raw material , and the heated gas being fed into the hopper An air supply device for supplying heated gas into the hopper from a side wall of the hopper, a feeder for discharging the raw material installed below the hopper , and the exhaust discharged from the feeder forming a sieve equipment raw material sieving, pre SL gas was suction possess an exhaust device for dust in the hopper, the air tip portion of the pipe air openings by 10~30mm projects into the interior of the hopper A drying preheating apparatus for blast furnace raw material, characterized in that:
(2) air supply unit is, blast furnace according to have a booster fan for boosting the heating gas, prior Symbol dust outlet to the hopper outer portion of the extraction pipe is characterized in that it is installed (1) Raw material drying preheating equipment.
(3) The blast furnace raw material drying preheating apparatus according to (1) or (2) , wherein a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a circumferential direction of the side wall of the hopper.

本発明によれば、高炉原料からの水分の除去が容易となり、篩分けによる粉原料除去が確実に行える上に、湿った粉原料が篩に付着して篩の目詰まりを起こすことを回避できるため、篩の管理が容易となるという効果がある。   According to the present invention, it is easy to remove moisture from the blast furnace raw material, and it is possible to reliably remove the powder raw material by sieving, and to prevent the wet powder raw material from adhering to the sieve and causing clogging of the sieve. Therefore, there is an effect that the management of the sieve becomes easy.

そして、その結果、高炉内に投入する熱量を低減でき、高炉への粉原料の持込量が減少するので、炉内のガス流を適正化して、高炉の操業安定にも大きく寄与することができる。   As a result, the amount of heat input into the blast furnace can be reduced, and the amount of powder raw material brought into the blast furnace is reduced, so that the gas flow in the furnace can be optimized and greatly contribute to the stable operation of the blast furnace. it can.

本発明では、高炉の原料を貯蔵するホッパーとして、ホッパーの側壁に加熱ガスをホッパー内に供給する送気口と、ホッパーの下方にホッパーから排出された原料を篩分けする篩設備とを有するものを用いている。送気口からホッパー内の原料を乾燥・予熱するための加熱ガスを導入し、乾燥・予熱された原料をホッパーから排出する際に篩い分けを行なうことで、粉原料が除去された原料を高炉に装入することが可能となる。   In the present invention, the hopper for storing the raw material of the blast furnace has an air supply port for supplying heated gas into the hopper on the side wall of the hopper, and a sieve facility for sieving the raw material discharged from the hopper below the hopper Is used. Introducing a heating gas for drying and preheating the raw material in the hopper from the air supply port, and sieving the dried and preheated raw material from the hopper to remove the raw material from which the powder raw material has been removed from the blast furnace Can be charged.

上記のホッパーを用いた高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置の一実施形態を図１に示す。   One embodiment of a drying preheating apparatus for a blast furnace raw material using the above hopper is shown in FIG.

高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置は、原料を貯蔵するホッパーと、ホッパーの下方に原料を排出するフィーダーと、排出される原料を篩分けする篩設備とを有し、ホッパーの側壁に加熱ガスをホッパー内へ供給する送気装置と、ホッパー内のガスを吸引して除塵する排気装置を有している。図１においては、貯鉱槽１と貯骸槽２とが、高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置の原料を貯蔵するホッパーに該当する。３がフィーダー、４が篩設備であるスクリーン、８が送気装置、１５が排気装置であり、高炉へ供給する鉱石を鉱石銘柄毎に貯留する貯鉱槽１と、高炉へ供給するコークスを貯留する貯骸槽２へ加熱ガスを供給する例を示している。通常貯鉱槽１、貯骸槽２はそれぞれ複数のホッパーで形成される。貯鉱槽１では、焼結鉱、生鉱石（鉄鉱石として掘削され篩分けにより粒度を調整された鉱石、或いはそのような鉱石を適切な比率に配合した鉱石。通常鉱石類の銘柄毎に別ホッパーとする。）、副原料（石灰石や蛇紋岩等造滓材）等毎にホッパーを分けて、それぞれ所定の比率でホッパーから排出されて混合原料として高炉内へ装入される。貯骸槽２では通常同種のコークスが複数のホッパーに貯留されて各ホッパーから同時に排出して所定量を計量する。図１において貯骸槽２のホッパーの下方にフィーダー３が設けられ、ここで排出されたコークスはスクリーン４を経由して粗粒はコンベアで運搬されてコークスの計量ホッパー５へ送られる。スクリーンの篩下粉は粉シュート６を介して粉コークスホッパー７へ集められ、系外へ搬出される。   The blast furnace raw material drying preheating device has a hopper for storing the raw material, a feeder for discharging the raw material below the hopper, and a sieving facility for sieving the discharged raw material. And an exhaust device that sucks and removes the gas in the hopper. In FIG. 1, the storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2 correspond to the hopper which stores the raw material of the drying preheating apparatus of a blast furnace raw material. 3 is a feeder, 4 is a screen with sieve equipment, 8 is an air supply device, 15 is an exhaust device, and stores the ore to be supplied to the blast furnace for each ore brand, and a storage tank 1 and coke to be supplied to the blast furnace. The example which supplies heated gas to the storage tank 2 to perform is shown. The normal storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2 are each formed by a plurality of hoppers. In storage tank 1, sintered ore, raw ore (ores drilled as iron ore and adjusted in particle size by sieving, ores containing such ores in an appropriate ratio. The hopper is divided into sub-materials (such as limestone and serpentine materials), discharged from the hopper at a predetermined ratio, and charged into the blast furnace as a mixed raw material. In the storage tank 2, normally the same kind of coke is stored in a plurality of hoppers and discharged simultaneously from each hopper to measure a predetermined amount. In FIG. 1, a feeder 3 is provided below the hopper of the storage tank 2, and the coke discharged here is conveyed by a conveyor via a screen 4 and sent to a coke weighing hopper 5. The sieving powder on the screen is collected to a powder coke hopper 7 via a powder chute 6 and carried out of the system.

図１では簡単のために貯鉱槽１の排出系統は省略しているが、こちらでも、ホッパー下方のフィーダーで排出された鉱石類がスクリーンを介して粗粒と粉に分けられて粗粒はコンベアにより計量ホッパーへ運ばれ、粉は粉鉱石ホッパーに回収される。   In FIG. 1, the discharge system of the storage tank 1 is omitted for the sake of simplicity, but here again, the ore discharged by the feeder below the hopper is divided into coarse particles and powder through a screen, and the coarse particles are It is conveyed to the weighing hopper by the conveyor, and the powder is collected in the fine ore hopper.

加熱ガスをホッパー内へ供給する送気装置８は、加熱ガスを昇圧する昇圧ファン（導入ファン）９と、ホッパー内へ加熱ガスを送気する送気配管１０を有している。送気配管の先端はホッパー内部へ１０〜３０ｍｍ突出して送気口１１を形成すると共に、送気配管のホッパー外部部分にダスト排出口１２が設置されている。１３は熱風発生源、１４は流調弁である。熱風発生源１３で発生させた加熱ガスを導入ファン９によって昇圧し各貯鉱槽１、貯骸槽２の側壁へ設けた送気口１１からホッパー内へ送気する。図１に示すように各送気口１１毎に流調弁１４を設置しておくと、一つの送気装置で複数の貯鉱槽１、貯骸槽２へ同時に加熱ガスを供給するときに、それぞれの送気量を調整でき、好適である。また、図１では各ホッパーの送気口１１を１個ずつ記載しているが、それぞれのホッパーに複数個の送気口を設けても良い。その場合にも各送気口毎に流調弁を設けておくと、ホッパー内での加熱ガスの流れを均等に調整することが容易となり、好適である。   The air supply device 8 for supplying heated gas into the hopper has a pressure-up fan (introduction fan) 9 for increasing the pressure of the heated gas, and an air supply pipe 10 for supplying the heated gas into the hopper. The tip of the air supply pipe protrudes 10 to 30 mm into the hopper to form an air supply port 11, and a dust discharge port 12 is installed on the hopper outside of the air supply pipe. 13 is a hot air generating source, and 14 is a flow control valve. The heated gas generated by the hot air generation source 13 is pressurized by the introduction fan 9 and is supplied into the hopper from the air supply port 11 provided on the side wall of each of the storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2. As shown in FIG. 1, when a flow control valve 14 is installed for each air supply port 11, when heating gas is supplied simultaneously to the plurality of storage tanks 1 and the storage tanks 2 with one air supply device. Each air supply amount can be adjusted, which is preferable. In addition, although one air supply port 11 of each hopper is illustrated in FIG. 1, a plurality of air supply ports may be provided in each hopper. Even in this case, it is preferable to provide a flow control valve for each air supply port, because it becomes easy to uniformly adjust the flow of the heated gas in the hopper.

ホッパー内のガスを吸引して除塵する排気装置１５は、ホッパー内のガスを吸引する吸引配管１６と、集塵器１７と、吸引ファン１８とを有している。吸引配管１６は排気口１９でホッパーと接続されている。各ホッパー（貯鉱槽１、貯骸槽２）の上部には、排気口１９が設けられ、集塵器１７を介して吸引ファン１８によって排気される。このようにすることで、ホッパーの送気口１１から送気された加熱ガスがホッパー内を上昇して排気口１９から排出されるガスの流れが形成され、加熱ガスによるホッパー内の鉱石類、コークスの加熱、乾燥が容易に行われる。したがって、加熱ガスをホッパー内へ送気する送気口１１の位置はできる限りホッパー側壁の下部に設けると良い。従来の貯鉱槽１、貯骸槽２では通常ホッパーの上部は原料をホッパー内へ装入するために開口しているが、本発明では吸引ファン１８により加熱ガスを効果的に吸引するために、ホッパー内への原料装入時以外は図１に示すように、原料を装入する開口部を簡易な蓋２０で閉止しておくと好適である。ただし、吸引ファン１８により下方から上昇してくる加熱ガスによるホッパー上部からの粉塵の飛散は防止されるので、必ずしもホッパー上部の蓋は必要ではない。   The exhaust device 15 that sucks and removes the gas in the hopper has a suction pipe 16 that sucks the gas in the hopper, a dust collector 17, and a suction fan 18. The suction pipe 16 is connected to a hopper through an exhaust port 19. An exhaust port 19 is provided in the upper part of each hopper (the storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2), and is exhausted by the suction fan 18 through the dust collector 17. By doing in this way, the heated gas sent from the air inlet 11 of the hopper rises in the hopper and a gas flow discharged from the exhaust port 19 is formed, and ores in the hopper by the heated gas, Coke is easily heated and dried. Therefore, the position of the air supply port 11 through which the heated gas is supplied into the hopper is preferably provided in the lower part of the hopper side wall as much as possible. In the conventional storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2, the upper portion of the hopper is normally opened to charge the raw material into the hopper. In the present invention, the suction fan 18 is used to effectively suck the heated gas. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to close the opening for charging the raw material with a simple lid 20 except when the raw material is charged into the hopper. However, since the dust from the upper part of the hopper due to the heated gas rising from below by the suction fan 18 is prevented, the lid on the upper part of the hopper is not necessarily required.

ホッパーに送気する加熱ガスとしては、工場で発生する各種の加熱ガスが利用できる。特に３００℃以下程度の比較的低温で排出されて熱回収が困難な排ガスが有効に利用できるため、これを用いることが好ましい。高炉の貯鉱槽、貯骸槽の場合、近隣に焼結機が設置されている場合がほとんどであるので、焼結機のクーラー排ガスを利用すると、送気経路が短く、放熱が少ないため最適であり、特に好ましい。その他、高炉熱風炉排ガス、圧延の加熱炉排ガス等それぞれの工場の立地条件にあわせて適宜加熱ガスを選択できる。もちろん、加熱ガス発生用に燃焼炉、電気炉等を設置して、専用の熱風発生源としても良い。   As the heated gas sent to the hopper, various heated gases generated in a factory can be used. In particular, exhaust gas that is discharged at a relatively low temperature of about 300 ° C. or less and difficult to recover heat can be used effectively. In the case of blast furnace storage tanks and storage tanks, a sintering machine is usually installed in the vicinity, so using the cooler exhaust gas from the sintering machine is optimal because the air supply path is short and heat dissipation is low. And particularly preferred. In addition, heating gas can be appropriately selected according to the location conditions of each factory such as blast furnace hot stove exhaust gas and rolling heating furnace exhaust gas. Of course, a combustion furnace, an electric furnace or the like may be installed for generating heated gas, and a dedicated hot air generation source may be used.

加熱ガスの温度は、高炉原料の乾燥、予熱が可能であればよいので、送気口で６０℃以上とすることが好ましく、より好適には、８０℃以上あれば良い。ただし３００℃を超えるような高温とすると、高温ガスに対応できる昇圧ファン（導入ファン）を設置する必要があり、またホッパー周辺の機器の耐熱性等も問題となり、設備コストが上昇する可能性があるので、３００℃以下とすることが好ましい。乾燥予熱の目的から考えれば、２００℃以下で十分である。   The temperature of the heated gas only needs to be able to dry and preheat the blast furnace raw material. Therefore, the temperature of the heated gas is preferably 60 ° C. or higher, more preferably 80 ° C. or higher. However, if the temperature exceeds 300 ° C, it is necessary to install a booster fan (introduction fan) that can handle high-temperature gas, and the heat resistance of equipment around the hopper becomes a problem, which may increase the equipment cost. Therefore, it is preferable that the temperature is 300 ° C. or lower. Considering the purpose of drying preheating, 200 ° C. or less is sufficient.

送気口はホッパー側面に一つあるいは二つ以上設置する。ホッパー内の原料を均等に乾燥予熱するためには、ホッパーの周方向に複数送気口を配置することが好ましい。また複数の送気口は、周方向で均等位置に配置することが好ましい。ホッパーの周方向に複数送気口を配置する、本発明の他の一実施形態を図２に示す。   Install one or more air supply ports on the side of the hopper. In order to dry and preheat the raw material in the hopper evenly, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of air supply ports in the circumferential direction of the hopper. The plurality of air supply ports are preferably arranged at equal positions in the circumferential direction. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a plurality of air supply ports are arranged in the circumferential direction of the hopper.

図２において、ホッパー３０の周囲に環状管３１を設け、熱風の送気配管１０を介して、送気口１１へ加熱ガスを供給している。環状管３１がリザーバーの役目を果たし、各送気口１１から均等に加熱ガスを供給することができる。   In FIG. 2, an annular pipe 31 is provided around the hopper 30, and the heated gas is supplied to the air supply port 11 through the hot air supply pipe 10. The annular pipe 31 serves as a reservoir, and the heated gas can be supplied from each air supply port 11 evenly.

高炉原料（鉱石類やコークス）の送気口１１への逆流を回避するために、送気口の先端がホッパー３０内へ１０〜３０ｍｍ程度突き出していることが好ましい。送気口の先端部分がホッパー３０内に突き出していることでホッパー３０の側壁内面を降下してきた原料が送気口内へ入り込み難くなる。ただし３０ｍｍを超えて突き出した状態とすると、原料がホッパー３０内を降下する際の障害となり、ホッパー３０内の棚吊り等の原因となる恐れがあるので、突き出し長さはホッパー３０内面から１０〜３０ｍｍとすることが好ましい。   In order to avoid backflow of blast furnace raw materials (ores and coke) to the air supply port 11, it is preferable that the tip of the air supply port protrudes into the hopper 30 by about 10 to 30 mm. Since the tip of the air supply port protrudes into the hopper 30, the raw material that has descended the inner surface of the side wall of the hopper 30 becomes difficult to enter the air supply port. However, if the protruding state exceeds 30 mm, the raw material becomes a hindrance when descending the hopper 30 and may cause shelves in the hopper 30, so the protruding length is 10 to 10 mm from the inner surface of the hopper 30. 30 mm is preferable.

さらに、送気配管１０のホッパー外部部分に、図２の１２に示すようなダスト排出口を設置しておくことが好ましい。ダスト排出口１２を設けることで、送気口１１が詰った場合にこのダスト排出口１２を開放して送気口１１の詰まり解除が容易となる。   Furthermore, it is preferable to install a dust discharge port as shown at 12 in FIG. By providing the dust discharge port 12, when the air supply port 11 is clogged, the dust discharge port 12 is opened to easily release the clogging of the air supply port 11.

また、送気配管１０をホッパー３０に挿入する角度を、加熱ガス流がホッパー内部に向かって水平から５°〜３０°程度下向きとすることが好ましい。送気口１１が下向きとなることで、送気口１１から送気配管１０内へ原料が逆流することを抑止するのに効果がある。   Moreover, it is preferable that the angle at which the air supply pipe 10 is inserted into the hopper 30 is about 5 ° to 30 ° downward from the horizontal when the heated gas flow is directed into the hopper. Since the air supply port 11 faces downward, there is an effect in suppressing the backflow of the raw material from the air supply port 11 into the air supply pipe 10.

送気口１１の大きさは送気口１１からホッパー３０内へ吹き込む加熱ガスの送気口１１でのガス速度が１０〜３０ｍ／ｓ程度となるように適宜設定することができる。ガス速度が１０ｍ／ｓ未満であると、ホッパー３０内の中心部まで加熱ガスを送りこむことが難しくなり、原料の乾燥加熱が均一にならない場合がある。また３０ｍ／ｓを超えるような速度で送気すると逆に送気口１１の周囲で加熱ガスが広がり難くなるため、やはり乾燥加熱が不均一になりやすい。送気口１１および送気配管１０の形状は円筒単管でよいが、円筒に限らず、角管でもかまわない。径が５０ｍｍを超えるような送気口１１とすると鉱石類やコークスが送気口内へ逆流して入り込み送気口を詰らす可能性が高くなるので、送気口１１に網等を設置しておくことが好ましい。送気配管１０をホッパー３０に挿入する角度が水平より上向きの場合は、特に送気口１１への網等の設置が効果的である。網の目は、例えば３ｍｍ間隔とすることができる。   The size of the air supply port 11 can be appropriately set so that the gas velocity at the air supply port 11 of the heated gas blown from the air supply port 11 into the hopper 30 is about 10 to 30 m / s. If the gas velocity is less than 10 m / s, it may be difficult to feed the heated gas to the center of the hopper 30 and the drying and heating of the raw material may not be uniform. On the other hand, when air is supplied at a speed exceeding 30 m / s, the heated gas hardly spreads around the air supply port 11, so that dry heating is likely to be non-uniform. The shape of the air supply port 11 and the air supply pipe 10 may be a single cylindrical tube, but is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a square tube. If the air inlet 11 has a diameter exceeding 50 mm, ore and coke are likely to flow back into the air inlet and clog the air inlet. It is preferable to keep it. When the angle at which the air supply pipe 10 is inserted into the hopper 30 is upward from the horizontal, installation of a net or the like at the air supply port 11 is particularly effective. The meshes can be set at intervals of 3 mm, for example.

内容積５１５０ｍ3の高炉に設置された貯鉱槽２０槽の内、焼結鉱を貯留する槽４槽、生鉱石を貯留する貯鉱槽４槽につき、図１、図２に示すものと同様の原料乾燥予熱装置を設置した。焼結鉱槽の能力は最大切り出し量７０ｔ／Ｈ、生鉱石槽の能力は最大切り出し量１００ｔ／Ｈである。 Among 20 storage tanks installed in a blast furnace with an internal volume of 5150 m 3 , 4 tanks for storing sintered ore and 4 storage tanks for storing raw ore are the same as those shown in FIGS. The raw material drying preheating equipment was installed. The capacity of the sintered ore tank is a maximum cutout amount of 70 t / H, and the capacity of the raw ore tank is a maximum cutout amount of 100 t / H.

焼結鉱の水分は実績で最大２ｍａｓｓ％程度であったので、これを０ｍａｓｓ％まで低減するために、４００００ｍ3（標準状態）／Ｈの熱風を吹き込めるようにし、生鉱石の水分は実績で最大５ｍａｓｓ％だったため、１４００００ｍ3（標準状態）／Ｈ吹き込み可能な設備とした。熱風発生源として隣接する焼結機のクーラー排ガスの一部を使用し、これを導入ファンにて昇圧して加熱ガスとして各槽へ送給した。加熱ガスの温度は各槽の送気口部にて１５０℃であった。 Since the moisture of sintered ore was about 2 mass% at the maximum, in order to reduce this to 0 mass%, 40000m 3 (standard state) / H hot air was blown, and the raw ore moisture was Since it was 5 mass% at the maximum, it was set as the equipment which can blow 140000m < 3 > (standard state) / H. A part of the cooler exhaust gas of the adjacent sintering machine was used as a hot air generation source, and this was pressurized with an introduction fan and supplied to each tank as a heated gas. The temperature of the heated gas was 150 ° C. at the air inlet of each tank.

本発明の効果を確認するために、上記の焼結槽１槽、生鉱石槽１槽のそれぞれを最大切り出し量で切り出しながら、それぞれ４００００ｍ3（標準状態）／Ｈ、１４００００ｍ3（標準状態）／Ｈの焼結機クーラー排ガスを昇圧して各槽へ吹き込んだ。送気口は各槽４個ずつ設置し、各送気口でのガス速度は２０ｍ／ｓとした。槽内の空塔ガス速度は０．４ｍ／ｓとした。 In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, while cutting each of the above-mentioned sintering tank and one raw ore tank at the maximum cutout amount, 40000 m 3 (standard state) / H, 140000 m 3 (standard state) / H sintering machine cooler exhaust gas was pressurized and blown into each tank. Four tanks were installed for each tank, and the gas velocity at each tank was 20 m / s. The superficial gas velocity in the tank was 0.4 m / s.

焼結鉱、生鉱石の各槽への装入時の水分、温度はそれぞれ焼結鉱２ｍａｓｓ％、２５℃、生鉱石４ｍａｓｓ％、２５℃であったが、吹き込み開始後１時間の時点で各槽から排出されたものでは、焼結鉱は水分０.５ｍａｓｓ％、温度８５℃、生鉱石は水分０．３ｍａｓｓ％、温度９０℃であり、それぞれ、十分な乾燥加熱が達成できた。   The moisture and temperature at the time of charging each tank of sintered ore and raw ore were 2% by mass of sintered ore, 25 ° C., 4% by mass of raw ore, and 25 ° C., respectively. Among those discharged from the tank, the sintered ore had a moisture content of 0.5 mass% and a temperature of 85 ° C, and the raw ore had a moisture content of 0.3 mass% and a temperature of 90 ° C, and sufficient drying heating could be achieved.

本発明の原料乾燥予熱装置を設置しなかった焼結槽、生鉱石槽では、各槽下部に設置した篩設備を通過後の篩上に残った高炉へ輸送する原料として、５ｍｍ以下の粉の混入率が、焼結鉱では４．３ｍａｓｓ％、生鉱石では３．２ｍａｓｓ％であったのにないして、本発明の原料乾燥予熱装置を設置した焼結槽、生鉱石槽では、それぞれ２．２ｍａｓｓ％、１．６ｍａｓｓ％であり、高炉原料への粉の混入量はほぼ半減した。   In the sintering tank and raw ore tank in which the raw material drying preheating apparatus of the present invention was not installed, as a raw material to be transported to the blast furnace remaining on the sieve after passing through the sieve equipment installed in the lower part of each tank, Although the mixing rate was 4.3 mass% for sintered ore and 3.2 mass% for raw ore, the mixing rate was 2.3% in each of the sintering tank and raw ore tank in which the raw material drying preheating apparatus of the present invention was installed. It was 2 mass% and 1.6 mass%, and the amount of powder mixed into the blast furnace raw material was almost halved.

上記した焼結槽４槽、生鉱石槽４槽について、本発明の原料乾燥予熱装置を設置し、送風量７０００ｍ3（標準状態）／分にて高炉操業を行った。その結果、高炉内の通気抵抗が低下し、送風量を２００ｍ3（標準状態）／分増加しても送風圧量は同程度となり、生産量増加が可能となった。 The raw material drying preheating apparatus of the present invention was installed in the above-described four sintering tanks and four raw ore tanks, and the blast furnace operation was performed at a blowing rate of 7000 m 3 (standard state) / min. As a result, the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace decreased, and even if the air flow rate was increased by 200 m 3 (standard state) / min, the air flow amount was about the same, and the production volume could be increased.

本発明に係る高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置の一実施形態を示す概略図。Schematic which shows one Embodiment of the drying preheating apparatus of the blast furnace raw material which concerns on this invention. 本発明の他の一実施形態を示す概略図。Schematic which shows other one Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 貯鉱槽
２ 貯骸槽
３ フィーダー
４ スクリーン
５ 計量ホッパー
６ 粉シュート
７ 粉コークスホッパー
８ 送気装置
９ 昇圧ファン（導入ファン）
１０ 送気配管
１１ 送気口
１２ ダスト排出口
１３ 熱風発生源
１４ 流調弁
１５ 排気装置
１６ 吸引配管
１７ 集塵器
１８ 吸引ファン
１９ 排気口
２０ 蓋
３０ ホッパー
３１ 環状管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage tank 2 Storage tank 3 Feeder 4 Screen 5 Weighing hopper 6 Powder chute 7 Powder coke hopper 8 Air supply device 9 Booster fan (introduction fan)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Air supply piping 11 Air supply port 12 Dust discharge port 13 Hot air generation source 14 Flow control valve 15 Exhaust device 16 Suction piping 17 Dust collector 18 Suction fan 19 Exhaust port 20 Lid 30 Hopper 31 Annular pipe

Claims (3)

高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置であって、
ホッパーの側壁に加熱ガスを前記ホッパー内に供給する送気口を有する、高炉の原料を貯蔵する前記ホッパーと、
該ホッパー内へ加熱ガスを送気する送気配管を有する、前記ホッパーの側壁から加熱ガスを前記ホッパー内へ供給する送気装置と、
該ホッパーの下方に設置された前記原料を排出するフィーダーと、
該フィーダーから排出される前記原料を篩分けする篩設備と、
前記ホッパー内のガスを吸引して除塵する排気装置とを有し、
前記送気配管の先端部分は前記ホッパー内部へ１０〜３０ｍｍ突出して送気口を形成することを特徴とする高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。 A blast furnace raw material drying preheating device,
The hopper for storing the raw material of the blast furnace, having an air supply port for supplying heated gas into the hopper on a side wall of the hopper,
An air supply device having an air supply pipe for supplying heated gas into the hopper, and supplying the heated gas into the hopper from a side wall of the hopper;
A feeder for discharging the raw material installed below the hopper;
Sieving equipment for sieving the raw material discharged from the feeder ;
Possess an exhaust device for gas dedusting by sucking before Symbol hopper,
A blast furnace raw material drying preheating apparatus characterized in that a tip portion of the air supply pipe projects 10 to 30 mm into the hopper to form an air supply port . 送気装置が、加熱ガスを昇圧する昇圧ファンを有し、前記送気配管のホッパー外部部分にダスト排出口が設置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。 Air supply unit has a booster fan for boosting the heating gas, the drying of the blast furnace feed according to claim 1, the dust outlet to the hopper outer portion of the front Symbol extraction pipe is characterized in that it is installed Preheating device. 送気口がホッパーの側壁の周方向に複数設置されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の高炉原料の乾燥予熱装置。 The blast furnace raw material drying preheating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a circumferential direction of the side wall of the hopper.
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JP5239450B2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2013-07-17 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Heat drying hopper of blast furnace raw material and temperature adjustment method thereof
JP5320831B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2013-10-23 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Vertical furnace operation method and furnace powdering prevention equipment
JP6572867B2 (en) * 2016-10-31 2019-09-11 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Blast furnace raw material drying method
CN107083464A (en) * 2017-05-17 2017-08-22 林芬兰 A kind of blast furnace process apparatus for feeding
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