JP4939856B2 - Mooring system and mooring method - Google Patents

Mooring system and mooring method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4939856B2
JP4939856B2 JP2006182390A JP2006182390A JP4939856B2 JP 4939856 B2 JP4939856 B2 JP 4939856B2 JP 2006182390 A JP2006182390 A JP 2006182390A JP 2006182390 A JP2006182390 A JP 2006182390A JP 4939856 B2 JP4939856 B2 JP 4939856B2
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Prior art keywords
mooring
line
base
mooring line
coupling part
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JP2008007072A (en
Inventor
操 亀井
正明 若狭
一司 平井
俊司 加藤
和浩 湯川
貴之 浅沼
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
National Maritime Research Institute
Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
National Maritime Research Institute
Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、係留基体に、係留物を繋ぐための係留システム及び係留方法に関し、特に、
係留基体に係留された係留物の、風、波、流れ等の複合環境外力の影響による振れ回り運
動を抑制できる係留システム及び係留方法に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a mooring system and a mooring method for connecting a mooring object to a mooring base,
The present invention relates to a mooring system and a mooring method that can suppress a whirling motion of a moored object moored on a mooring base due to the influence of a composite environmental external force such as wind, wave, and flow.

洋上石油生産施設(石油FPSO)からの洋上払い出し技術として、一般的には、図7
に示すように、係留基体である洋上石油生産施設10と、係留物である輸送船(シャトル
タンカー)20との係留が、洋上石油生産施設10は、船首部分のターレット係留点11
Aから放射状に展開した、アンカー12Aで海底に固定された複数の係留索13Aで係留
される。このターレット方式で係留された洋上石油生産施設10は、作用する波、風、流
れ等の複合環境外力F1に従って、この係留点11Aを中心にして、各作用力の合力Fの
方向に向いた状態で定点保持される。
As a technique for paying offshore from offshore oil production facilities (oil FPSO), in general, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the offshore oil production facility 10 as a mooring base and the moored transport ship (shuttle tanker) 20 are moored, and the offshore oil production facility 10 has a turret mooring point 11 at the bow portion.
Moored by a plurality of mooring lines 13A, which are radially deployed from A and anchored to the seabed by anchors 12A. The offshore oil production facility 10 moored by this turret method is in a state of being oriented in the direction of the resultant force F of each acting force, centering on this mooring point 11A, according to the combined environmental external force F1 such as acting waves, winds, flows, etc. At a fixed point.

一方、輸送船20は、洋上石油生産施設10の船尾側の基体側係留点14Aと、係留物
である輸送船20の船首側の係留物側係留点15Aとの間を化学繊維製のホーサー(係船
索)16Aで連結して、洋上石油生産施設10に直列に係船される。また、荷役に関して
は、石油はフローティングホース(図示しない)経由で洋上石油生産施設10から輸送船
20に移送される。
On the other hand, the transport ship 20 has a chemical fiber hawser between the stern base side mooring point 14A of the offshore oil production facility 10 and the mooring side mooring point 15A on the bow side of the transport ship 20 which is a moored item ( A mooring line 16A is connected to the offshore oil production facility 10 in series. As for cargo handling, oil is transferred from the offshore oil production facility 10 to the transport ship 20 via a floating hose (not shown).

このホーサー方式による係留においては、洋上石油生産施設10の船尾側に係留索16
Aで係留された輸送船20は、波、風、流れに関して洋上石油生産施設10の背後に回り
込むため、輸送船20に作用する複合環境外力F2が大きく乱されることになる。そのた
め、輸送船20は、この影効果の影響で左右方向に移動して、大きく角度γが変化する運
動、即ち、大きな振れ回り運動をする。
In mooring by this hawser system, mooring lines 16 on the stern side of the offshore oil production facility 10
Since the transport ship 20 moored at A wraps behind the offshore oil production facility 10 in terms of waves, winds, and flows, the combined environmental external force F2 acting on the transport ship 20 is greatly disturbed. Therefore, the transport ship 20 moves in the left-right direction under the influence of the shadow effect, and performs a motion in which the angle γ changes greatly, that is, a large swinging motion.

この係留方式では、衝撃荷重(スナップ荷重)に起因するホーサー16Aの破断を防止
するために、輸送船20の主機及び推進器を利用して後進(アスターン)を掛け、ホーサ
ー16Aに適度の張力が常時掛かった状態で係留する。また、この振れ回り運動に対して
、その運動が低減されるように輸送船20を操船するが、複合環境外力F2の影響による
振れ回り運動を拘束することは容易ではない。
In this mooring method, in order to prevent breakage of the hawser 16A due to impact load (snap load), the main engine and the propulsion device of the transport ship 20 are used to reverse (astern), and an appropriate tension is applied to the hawser 16A. Moored in a state where it is always on. Further, the transport ship 20 is maneuvered so that the motion is reduced with respect to the whirling motion, but it is not easy to restrain the whirling motion due to the influence of the combined environmental external force F2.

この振れ回り運動が小さくならない場合には荷役を中断すると共に、係船を解除して、
輸送船20は洋上石油生産施設10と離れた海域で待機することになる。このような事態
を避けるために、現状の対策では、ホーサー16Aとフローティングホースを100m以
上に伸ばすことにより、追突を避けるとともに、輸送船20の振れ回りを小さくしている
When this whirling movement does not become small, the cargo handling is suspended and the mooring is released,
The transport ship 20 waits in a sea area away from the offshore oil production facility 10. In order to avoid such a situation, the current measures are to extend the hawser 16 </ b> A and the floating hose to 100 m or more, thereby avoiding rear-end collision and reducing the swing of the transport ship 20.

しかしながら、天然ガスハイドレート、LNG等を取り扱う洋上生産施設の場合には、
輸送媒体が固体であったり、低温であるため、石油のようにフローティングホースを使用
して荷役することができないので、別の専用の装置を使用して払い出しをする必要がある
。そのため、係船装置を含めた払出装置の開発が活発に行われてきている。
However, in the case of offshore production facilities that handle natural gas hydrate, LNG, etc.,
Since the transport medium is solid or low in temperature, it cannot be handled using a floating hose like oil, so it is necessary to use another dedicated device for dispensing. Therefore, the development of a payout device including a mooring device has been actively conducted.

この係船装置及び払出装置の一つとして、図8に示すような、FMC Energy
Systemsのヨーク式係船及び払出システム等がある。このLNG(液体)用のシス
テムにおいては、係留基体である洋上生産設備10の上部から、ヒンジ31Bとヒンジ3
2Bを介して、両舷側の吊り下げ部材34Bで船尾に左右方向に吊り下げられている重錘
33Bを設け、この重錘33Bの下側に、重錘33Bと平行な辺を底辺とする三角形の係
留用部材30Bを略水平になるように設けている。そして、この係留用部材30Bの二等
辺三角形の頂点となる先端側の連結点に自在継手(ユニバーサルジョイント)35Bを介
して輸送船20の船首部を連結して係留している。このシステムでは、輸送船20の前後
(サージ:Surge)方向及び上下(ヒーブ:Heave)方向に関しては、吊り下げ
部材34Bのヒンジ31Bとヒンジ36Bにより変位が許容されると共に、重錘33Bの
重量により復元力を生み出している。
As one of the mooring device and the dispensing device, as shown in FIG. 8, FMC Energy
There are systems such as York-type mooring and dispensing systems. In this LNG (liquid) system, the hinge 31B and the hinge 3 are provided from the upper part of the offshore production facility 10 which is a mooring base.
A weight 33B that is suspended from the stern by the suspension member 34B on both sides is provided in the left and right directions via 2B, and a triangle with a side parallel to the weight 33B as a base on the lower side of the weight 33B. The mooring member 30B is provided so as to be substantially horizontal. And the bow part of the transport ship 20 is connected and moored through the universal joint (universal joint) 35B to the connection point of the tip end side which becomes the vertex of the isosceles triangle of this mooring member 30B. In this system, the forward / backward (Surge) direction and the up / down (Heave) direction of the transport ship 20 are allowed to be displaced by the hinge 31B and the hinge 36B of the suspension member 34B, and the weight of the weight 33B. It creates resilience.

しかしながら、このヨーク式係船方法では、重錘33Bを設ける必要があるため、係留
システム全体が重くなるという問題がある。また、三角形の係留用部材30B及び輸送船
20の船首における洋上生産設備10に対する左右方向の動きを完全に固定しているため
、係留用部材30Bに作用する力が大きくなり、この力に耐える構造とするために係留用
部材30Bが重量化するという問題もある。また、輸送船20の変位に対する復元力を大
きくしようとすると、重錘33Bの重量を大きくする必要があり、この重錘33Bを支持
する構造も大きくなり、そのため、係船システムの重量が著しく増加するという問題があ
る。
However, in this yoke type mooring method, since it is necessary to provide the weight 33B, there exists a problem that the whole mooring system becomes heavy. Moreover, since the movement in the left-right direction with respect to the offshore production facility 10 at the bow of the triangular mooring member 30B and the transport ship 20 is completely fixed, the force acting on the mooring member 30B is increased, and a structure that can withstand this force. Therefore, there is also a problem that the mooring member 30B becomes heavy. Further, if the restoring force against the displacement of the transport ship 20 is to be increased, it is necessary to increase the weight of the weight 33B, and the structure for supporting the weight 33B is also increased. Therefore, the weight of the mooring system is remarkably increased. There is a problem.

また、一方で、許容範囲を越える振れ回り運動が発生した場合には、荷役(払い出し)
を中断して、輸送船20を洋上生産設備10から離脱させる必要があり、石油やガス等の
生産物の払い出し(荷役)の稼働率が低下する。そのため、この輸送船20の振れ回り運
動を極力抑制することが安全面だけでなく、稼働率の面からも重要となり、係船方法にお
いて、輸送船20の係留点において大きな復元力を得ることが重要な課題となっている。
On the other hand, if a swinging motion exceeding the allowable range occurs, cargo handling (dispensing)
It is necessary to disengage the transport ship 20 from the offshore production facility 10, which reduces the operating rate of delivery (loading) of products such as oil and gas. For this reason, it is important not only for safety but also for the operation rate to suppress the swinging motion of the transport ship 20 as much as possible. In the mooring method, it is important to obtain a large restoring force at the mooring point of the transport ship 20. It is a difficult issue.

なお、ボート、ヨットなどの小型船舶を係留する浮桟橋用の船舶係留装置として、桟橋
の側壁に一端側がピッチ方向の動きを許容されるヒンジで固定され、船舶の係留索が連結
される係留金具を有する他端側が離岸方向に突出した直線状の主ブームにおいて、他端側
にフロートを設けると共に、主ブームの中間位置と桟橋の前記ヒンジから所定距離離れた
位置との間を、主ブームとY字状をなすようにステーの代りに一対の可撓製ロープで連結
した船舶係留装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。しかしながら、この
船舶係留装置は比較的外力が小さい小型船舶の係留では有効であっても、シャトルタンカ
ー等の振れ回り運動を行うような係留には向いていないという問題がある。
特開2003−160092号公報
In addition, as a mooring device for floating piers for mooring small ships such as boats and yachts, mooring brackets that are fixed to the side walls of the pier with hinges that allow movement in the pitch direction and to which the mooring lines of the ship are connected In the linear main boom having the other end side protruding in the rip-off direction, a float is provided on the other end side, and the main boom is provided between an intermediate position of the main boom and a position separated from the hinge of the pier by a predetermined distance. A ship mooring device has been proposed in which a pair of flexible ropes are connected instead of a stay so as to form a Y-shape (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, although this ship mooring device is effective for mooring a small ship having a relatively small external force, there is a problem that the ship mooring apparatus is not suitable for mooring that performs a swinging motion of a shuttle tanker or the like.
JP 2003-160092 A

本発明は、上記の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、比較的単純
でかつ軽量な構造で、係留物の位置変化に対して大きな復元力を有し、係留基体に係留し
た係留物における振れ回り運動を抑制することができる係留システム及び係留方法を提供
することにある。
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to have a relatively simple and lightweight structure, which has a large restoring force against a change in the position of the mooring object, It is an object of the present invention to provide a mooring system and a mooring method capable of suppressing a swinging motion in a moored object moored.

上記の目的を達成するための本発明の係留システムは、三角形の頂点を形成する第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部と係留物用連結部とを有する係留用部材を使用して、係留基体に係留物を係留するための係留システムであって、前記第1係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間、及び、前記第2係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間をそれぞれ係留索で接続すると共に、前記係留物用連結部に前記係留物の係留物側連結部を連結し、静的な係留特性として前記係留索の初期張力と前記係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決める制御装置を備えて構成される。 To achieve the above object, the mooring system of the present invention uses a mooring member having a first mooring line coupling part, a second mooring line coupling part and a mooring object connection part forming a triangular apex. A mooring system for mooring a mooring object on a mooring base, between the first mooring line coupling portion and the mooring base, and between the second mooring line coupling portion and the mooring base, respectively. The mooring line is connected to the mooring object connecting part, and the mooring object side connecting part is connected to the mooring object connecting part, and the combination of the initial tension of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line is determined as a static mooring characteristic. It is configured with a control device .

この構成の係留システムによれば、係留用部材の2箇所を係留索で係留基体に連結し、この2箇所よりも係留基体から離間する側にある係留物連結部に係留物を連結し、静的な係留特性として係留索の初期張力と係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決めることにより、復元力特性の調整を容易とし、係留索の破断を避けながら、係留物側連結部の変位に対して大きな復元力を生み出すことができ、しかも、極めて単純な構造であるため、単純な施工により製作することができる。 According to the mooring system of this configuration, two places of the mooring member are connected to the mooring base by the mooring line, and the mooring thing is connected to the mooring part connecting portion located on the side farther from the mooring base than the two places. By determining the combination of the initial tension of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line as a characteristic mooring characteristic, it is easy to adjust the restoring force characteristics, and avoids breaking of the mooring line, and against the displacement of the connecting part on the mooring object side A large restoring force can be produced, and since it has a very simple structure, it can be manufactured by simple construction.

また、ヨーク式係留システムのような重錘が不要となるので、係留システム全体が非常
に簡単かつ軽量な構成となる。更に、係留索による係留で完全に係留用部材を固定してい
ないので、係留用部材及び係留物の係留基体に対する相対運動を一部許容でき、係留用部
材に大きな力が作用しなくなるので、係留用部材の構造を単純化でき、係留用部材を軽量
化できる。従って、この面からも係留システムを軽量化できる。
In addition, since a weight like a yoke type mooring system is not required, the mooring system as a whole has a very simple and lightweight configuration. In addition, since the mooring member is not completely fixed by mooring by the mooring line, the relative movement of the mooring member and the mooring object with respect to the mooring base can be partially allowed, and a large force does not act on the mooring member. The structure of the working member can be simplified, and the mooring member can be reduced in weight. Therefore, the mooring system can be reduced in weight from this aspect as well.

その上、係留索の伸び特性(ヤング率)と初期張力の選定により、係留物の係留基体と
の相対変位に対する復元力の関係である係留特性を選定でき、しかも、計算によりこの係
留特性を比較的容易に精度良く計算できるので、係留物の動揺特性と海象条件に合わせて
適切な設計ができるようになる。なお、この係留索の長さは、ホーサー係留の係留索の長
さに比較すると短く、この係留索の張力と伸び量との関係は、主として係留索のヤング率
に基づくものであり、ホーサー係留のようなカテナリによる復元力効果は少ない。
In addition, by selecting the mooring line elongation characteristics (Young's modulus) and initial tension, it is possible to select the mooring characteristic, which is the relationship of the restoring force against the relative displacement of the mooring object with the mooring base, and compare the mooring characteristics by calculation. Since it can be calculated easily and accurately, an appropriate design can be made according to the shaking characteristics and sea conditions of the mooring. The length of the mooring line is shorter than the length of the mooring mooring line, and the relationship between the tension and elongation of the mooring line is mainly based on the Young's modulus of the mooring line. There is little resilience effect by catenary like.

また、係留用部材における第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部と係留物用連結部とで
形成する三角形は、第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部とを結ぶ辺を底辺とし、係留物
用連結部を頂点とする二等辺三角形に形成すると、左右方向に関して対称な復元力が作用
するようになり、設計等が容易となるという効果を奏することができる。
In addition, the triangle formed by the first mooring line coupling portion, the second mooring line coupling portion, and the mooring object coupling portion in the mooring member has an edge connecting the first mooring line coupling portion and the second mooring line coupling portion. When the base is formed into an isosceles triangle having the mooring connection portion as the apex, a restoring force that is symmetric with respect to the left-right direction acts, and an effect of facilitating design and the like can be achieved.

また、上記の係留システムにおいて、係留索として、ナイロントエルロープ等のホーサ
ーを用いてもよいが、ワイヤロープを用いることがより好ましい。このワイヤロープは、
破断荷重が大きい上に、同じ荷重に対しての伸び量が小さいので、同じ変位量に対してよ
り大きな復元力を発生することができるようになる。この大きな復元力により、係留物の
振れ回りを抑制できるようになる。
In the mooring system, a hawser such as a nylon toe rope may be used as the mooring line, but a wire rope is more preferably used. This wire rope
Since the breaking load is large and the elongation amount with respect to the same load is small, a larger restoring force can be generated with respect to the same displacement amount. This large restoring force makes it possible to suppress the whirling of the moorings.

また、上記の係留システムにおいて、係留物用連結部と係留物側連結部との間は短い係
留索で連結することもできるが、係留物用連結部に、互いに直交する三方向に関する回転
方向の動きを許容する自在継手を、即ち、係留物のロール方向とピッチ方向とヨウ方向の
動きを許容する自在継手を介して係留物側連結部を連結すると、係留用部材と係留物との
衝突を確実に回避しながら、係留物の振れ回り運動を強く抑制できる。
In the above mooring system, the mooring object connection part and the mooring object side connection part can be connected by a short mooring cable. However, the mooring object connection part has a rotational direction in three directions orthogonal to each other. When the joint on the mooring object side is connected via a universal joint that allows movement, i.e., a universal joint that allows movement in the roll direction, pitch direction, and yaw direction of the mooring object, collision between the mooring member and the mooring object is caused. The whirling movement of the mooring object can be strongly suppressed while being surely avoided.

また、上記の係留システムで、係留の最中において、係留索の張力、又は、長さの少な
くとも一方を調整制御する制御装置を備えて構成すると、係留物側連結部における復元力
の特性を係留の最中であっても容易に変更することができるので、環境外力の変化に合わ
せてより適切な係留を行うことができ、係留索の破断を回避しながら、係留物の振れ回り
を効率よく抑制することが容易にできるようになる。
Further, in the above mooring system, when the mooring system is configured to include a control device that adjusts and controls at least one of the tension or the length of the mooring line, the characteristics of the restoring force at the mooring object side connection portion are moored. Since it can be easily changed even during the process, mooring around the mooring line can be efficiently performed while avoiding breakage of the mooring line. It can be easily suppressed.

そして、上記の係留システムにおいて、係留基体が船舶又は浮体構造物であり、係留物
が船舶又は浮体構造物である場合には適用し易く、振れ回りの問題が重要であるので大き
な効果を発揮できる。更に、係留基体がガスハイドレートの洋上生産設備であり、係留物
が輸送船である場合には、特に振れ回り運動を抑制することが重要な課題であるので、よ
り大きな効果を発揮することができる。
And in the above mooring system, it is easy to apply when the mooring base is a ship or a floating structure, and the mooring body is a ship or a floating structure, and the problem of run-out is important, so it can exert a great effect. . Furthermore, when the mooring base is a gas hydrate offshore production facility and the mooring is a transport ship, it is particularly important to suppress the whirling motion, so that a greater effect can be exhibited. it can.

なお、これらの係留基体としては、水上に係留されている洋上生産施設等の海洋構造物
や、推進器により位置保持している船舶、浮体構造物等の他にも、港湾・河川施設等の陸
上の固定施設が含まれる。また、更に広く、潜水体や飛行体も含む。そして、係留物も水
上に浮上している船舶、浮体構造物等に限定されず、没水や潜水しているものであっても
よく、飛行船等空中に浮遊しているものであってもよく、着地又は海底等に着底している
ものであってもよい。また、係留物の係留環境(水上、水中、空中等)に応じて、係留基
体の係留位置もそれに対応して係留環境を変化させることができる。なお、必ずしも、係
留物側の連結位置と係留基体側の係留索の連結位置とが同じ係留環境になくてもよい。例
えば、係留物側の連結位置が水中にあって、係留基体側の係留索の連結位置が水上にある
ような場合であってもよい。
These mooring bases include marine structures such as offshore production facilities moored on the water, ships and floating structures held by propellers, ports, river facilities, etc. Includes land-based fixed facilities. Moreover, it includes a submerged body and a flying body. The mooring object is not limited to a ship or a floating structure floating on the water, and may be submerged or submerged, or may be a floating object such as an airship. It may be landed on the landing or the seabed. Moreover, according to the mooring environment (water, underwater, air, etc.) of the moored object, the mooring position of the mooring base can also change the mooring environment correspondingly. The connection position on the mooring object side and the connection position of the mooring line on the mooring base are not necessarily in the same mooring environment. For example, there may be a case where the connection position on the mooring object side is in the water and the connection position of the mooring line on the mooring base side is on the water.

そして、上記の目的を達成するための係留方法は、三角形の頂点を形成する第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部と係留物用連結部とを有する係留用部材を使用して、係留基体に係留物を係留するための係留方法であって、前記第1係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間、及び、前記第2係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間をそれぞれ係留索で接続すると共に、前記係留物用連結部に前記係留物の係留物側連結部を連結し、静的な係留特性として前記係留索の初期張力と前記係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決めることにより、前記係留物の係留物側連結部における変位に対する復元力の特性を調整することを特徴とする。 And the mooring method for achieving the above-mentioned object uses a mooring member having a first mooring line coupling part, a second mooring line coupling part and a mooring object connection part forming a triangular apex, A mooring method for mooring a mooring object on a mooring base, wherein the mooring is performed between the first mooring line coupling portion and the mooring base and between the second mooring line coupling portion and the mooring base. The mooring connection part is connected to the mooring connection part, and the combination of the initial tension of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line is determined as a static mooring characteristic. By adjusting the characteristic of the restoring force with respect to the displacement in the mooring thing side connection part of the said mooring thing, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

この係留方法によれば、静的な係留特性として係留索の初期張力と係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決めることにより、復元力特性の調整を容易とし、係留物の係留物側連結部における変位に対する復元力の特性を変化させることができる。つまり、係留索の係留基体側の連結位置を変化させなくても、ワイヤウインチ等により係留索の初期張力と係留索の長さとの組み合わせを変更することにより、係留物側連結部における復元力の特性を容易に変化することができる。この場合、初期張力を強くすると、また係留索の長さを大にすると変位に対する復元力が増加する。従って、海象状況や係留物の動揺特性によって、初期張力と係留索の長さとの組み合わせを調整することによって、係留索の破断を避けながら、係留物の振れ回り運動を抑制できる。 According to this mooring method, by determining the combination of the initial tension of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line as static mooring characteristics, it is easy to adjust the restoring force characteristic, and the displacement of the mooring object at the mooring-side connection part It is possible to change the characteristics of the restoring force with respect to. In other words, even without changing the connecting position of the anchoring base side of the mooring, by changing the combination of the initial tension of the mooring lines and the length of the mooring line by a wire winch or the like, the restoring force in the mooring thereof side connecting portion The characteristics can be easily changed. In this case, if the initial tension is increased and the length of the mooring line is increased, the restoring force against the displacement increases. Therefore, by adjusting the combination of the initial tension and the length of the mooring line according to the sea conditions and the shaking characteristics of the mooring object, the whirling movement of the mooring object can be suppressed while avoiding the breaking of the mooring line.

また、上記の係留方法において、係留索としてワイヤロープを用いると、大きな破断荷
重を得られとともに、係留物の係留物側連結部における変位に対して大きな復元力を得る
ことができ、係留物の振れ回り運動をより抑制できる。
In addition, in the above mooring method, when a wire rope is used as the mooring line, a large breaking load can be obtained, and a large restoring force can be obtained with respect to the displacement of the mooring object at the mooring object side connecting portion. The swinging movement can be further suppressed.

本発明の係留システム及び係留方法によれば、ワイヤロープ等の係留索に課せられる初期張力と係留索の長さによる係留索自身の張力特性が、係留物側連結部の変位に対する復元力を生み出す働きをしているので、係留索の破断を避けながら、係留物側連結部の変位に対して大きな復元力を発揮でき、係留基体に係留した係留物における振れ回り運動を抑制することができる。 According to the mooring system and the mooring method of the present invention, the initial tension imposed on the mooring line such as a wire rope and the tension characteristic of the mooring line itself due to the length of the mooring line generate a restoring force against the displacement of the mooring object side connecting portion. Since it works, it is possible to exert a large restoring force against the displacement of the mooring object side connecting portion while avoiding the breakage of the mooring line , and it is possible to suppress the whirling motion of the mooring object moored to the mooring base.

また、係留索としてワイヤロープを用いると、大きな破断荷重を得られとともに、係留
物の係留物側連結部における変位に対して大きな復元力を得ることができるので、係留物
の振れ回り運動をより抑制できる。
In addition, if a wire rope is used as the mooring line, a large breaking load can be obtained and a large restoring force can be obtained with respect to the displacement of the mooring object at the connection part of the mooring object. Can be suppressed.

以下、図面を参照して本発明に係る係留方法及び係留システムの実施の形態について、
係留基体がNGH(天然ガスハイドレート)の洋上生産設備(FPSO)、係留物が輸送
船(シャトルタンカー)である場合を例にして説明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of a mooring method and a mooring system according to the present invention with reference to the drawings,
An example will be described in which the mooring base is an offshore production facility (FPSO) with NGH (natural gas hydrate) and the mooring thing is a transport ship (shuttle tanker).

図1に示すように、係留基体であるNGHの洋上生産設備10は、NGH貨物倉の容積
を大きくとるために、例えば、船首尾をカットアップした箱型バージ船型で形成され、損
傷時の残存能力等の安全性を踏まえて二重底、二重船側構造で形成される。この洋上生産
設備10の係留は、海象条件及び貨物倉の容積効率を考慮して、図7に示すように、船首
において外装式によるターレット11Aで係留される。つまり、船首部から突出させたタ
ーレット11Aを数本の放射状に広がる係留索13Aによりアンカー係留する。
As shown in FIG. 1, the offshore production facility 10 of the mooring base is formed of, for example, a box-type barge hull with a bow-up cut off in order to increase the volume of the NGH cargo hold. It is formed with a double bottom and double ship side structure in consideration of safety such as capability. The mooring of the offshore production facility 10 is moored by an exterior turret 11A at the bow as shown in FIG. 7 in consideration of marine conditions and cargo volume capacity efficiency. In other words, the turret 11A protruded from the bow is anchored by several mooring lines 13A spreading radially.

そして、本発明においては、図1、図2に示すように、輸送船20の洋上生産設備10
への係留は、三角形の頂点を形成する第1係留索結合部31aと第2係留索結合部31b
と係留物用連結部32とを有する係留用部材30を、第1係留索33aと第2係留索33
bとで洋上生産設備10に連結し、係留用部材30の係留物用連結部32を輸送船20の
係留船側連結部21に連結装置34を介して連結する。
In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the offshore production facility 10 of the transport ship 20.
The mooring to the first mooring line coupling part 31a and the second mooring line coupling part 31b forming the apex of the triangle
And the mooring member 30 having the mooring object connecting portion 32, the first mooring line 33 a and the second mooring line 33.
b. The offshore production facility 10 is connected to the mooring member connecting portion 32 of the mooring member 30 to the mooring vessel side connecting portion 21 of the transport ship 20 via the connecting device 34.

つまり、第1係留索結合部31aを第1係留索33aの一端側で連結し、この第1係留
索33aの他端側は、洋上生産設備10の下部プーリー11aと上部プーリー13aを介
してウインチ12aに巻き取り、洋上生産設備10側に固定する。また、第2係留索結合
部31bを第2係留索33bの一端側で連結し、この第2係留索33bの他端側は、洋上
生産設備10の下部プーリー11bと上部プーリー13bを介してウインチ12bに巻き
取り、洋上生産設備10側に固定する。
That is, the first mooring line coupling portion 31a is connected to one end side of the first mooring line 33a, and the other end side of the first mooring line 33a is a winch via the lower pulley 11a and the upper pulley 13a of the offshore production facility 10. It winds up to 12a and fixes to the offshore production equipment 10 side. The second mooring line coupling portion 31b is connected to one end side of the second mooring line 33b, and the other end side of the second mooring line 33b is a winch via the lower pulley 11b and the upper pulley 13b of the offshore production facility 10. It winds up to 12b and is fixed to the offshore production facility 10 side.

この下部プーリー11a,11bは、輸送船20の前後揺れ(サージ:Surge)方
向、左右揺れ(スエイ:Sway)方向と船首揺れ(ヨウ:Yaw)方向の動きを許容す
るように、上下方向の軸回りに揺動可能に構成し、第1係留索33a又は第2係留索33
bの方向を、第1係留索結合部31a又は第2係留索結合部31bの方向から上下方向に
変更する、また、上部プーリー13a,13bは、第1係留索33a又は第2係留索33
bの方向を上下方向から洋上生産設備10のウインチ12a,12bの巻き取り方向に変
更する。
The lower pulleys 11a and 11b are arranged in a vertical direction so as to allow movement of the transport ship 20 in the forward / backward (surge) direction, left / right (Sway) direction, and bow (Yaw) direction. The first mooring line 33a or the second mooring line 33 is configured to be swingable around the first mooring line 33a or the second mooring line 33.
The direction of b is changed from the direction of the 1st mooring line coupling part 31a or the 2nd mooring line coupling part 31b to the up-down direction, and upper pulley 13a, 13b is the 1st mooring line 33a or the 2nd mooring line 33.
The direction of b is changed from the vertical direction to the winding direction of the winches 12a, 12b of the offshore production facility 10.

これらの下部プーリー11a,11bと上部プーリー13a,13bをプーリー支柱1
4a,14bで支持固定し、このプーリー支柱14a,14bは、係留された輸送船20
が洋上生産設備10に対して相対運動した場合でも、係留用部材30が洋上生産設備10
の船尾に衝突しないように、洋上生産設備10の船尾よりも水平方向に所定の距離突出さ
せて設ける。
These lower pulleys 11a, 11b and upper pulleys 13a, 13b are connected to the pulley support 1
4a and 14b, and the pulley columns 14a and 14b are supported by the moored transport ship 20
Mooring member 30 is installed on the offshore production facility 10 even when it moves relative to the offshore production facility 10.
So as not to collide with the stern of the offshore production facility 10 so as to protrude a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction from the stern of the offshore production facility 10.

この下部プーリー11a,11bの高さは、係留用部材30を略水平に保ち、かつ、係
留用部材30の水没を回避又は少なくするように、また、係留用部材30の係留物用連結
部32の高さと輸送船20の係留物側連結部21の高さに合わせて、水面上の適当な高さ
に配置される。この下部プーリー11a,11bの上下方向位置は、洋上生産設備10に
おいて固定してもよいが、洋上生産設備10と輸送船20の喫水がそれぞれ変化し、下部
プーリー11a,11bと係留船20の係留物側連結部21の相対高さが変化する可能性
があるので、この変化に対応できるように、下部プーリー11a,11bは、上下移動可
能に設けることが好ましく、更には、係留中において上下位置を移動制御できるように構
成することがより好ましい。この上下位置の移動制御の構成はシリンダ装置等の周知技術
により容易に構成できる。
The height of the lower pulleys 11a and 11b is to keep the mooring member 30 substantially horizontal and to avoid or reduce the submersion of the mooring member 30, and to connect the mooring object connecting portion 32 of the mooring member 30. And the height of the mooring object side connection part 21 of the transport ship 20 are arranged at an appropriate height on the water surface. The vertical positions of the lower pulleys 11a and 11b may be fixed in the offshore production facility 10. However, the drafts of the offshore production facility 10 and the transport ship 20 change, and the lower pulleys 11a and 11b and the mooring ship 20 are moored. Since the relative height of the object-side connecting portion 21 may change, the lower pulleys 11a and 11b are preferably provided so as to be able to move up and down so that this change can be accommodated. It is more preferable to configure so that movement control can be performed. The configuration of the movement control of the vertical position can be easily configured by a known technique such as a cylinder device.

一方、係留用部材30の係留物用連結部32は、輸送船20の係留物側連結部21に連
結装置34を介して連結される。この連結に際しては、輸送船20と係留用部材30との
回転変位を吸収するために、少なくとも輸送船20の船首揺れ(ヨウ)方向の動きと横揺
れ(ロール)方向の2方向回転変位、好ましくは更に縦揺れ(ピッチ)方向の3方向回転
変位を許容するために、連結装置34を自在継手(ユニバーサルジョイント)で形成する
。なお、この係留物用連結部32と係留物側連結部21の連結は、短い係留索で連結して
、この係留索により係留用部材30とシャトルタンカー20の相対運動を許容してもよい
が、両者20,30の衝突を確実に避けるためには、連結装置34で連結することが好ま
しい。
On the other hand, the mooring object connecting portion 32 of the mooring member 30 is connected to the mooring object side connecting portion 21 of the transport ship 20 via the connecting device 34. In this connection, in order to absorb the rotational displacement between the transport ship 20 and the mooring member 30, at least the movement in the bow (yaw) direction of the transport ship 20 and the two-way rotational displacement in the roll (roll) direction, preferably Furthermore, in order to allow a three-way rotational displacement in the pitch (pitch) direction, the coupling device 34 is formed by a universal joint. The mooring object connecting portion 32 and the mooring object side connecting portion 21 may be connected by a short mooring line, and the mooring member 30 may allow relative movement between the mooring member 30 and the shuttle tanker 20. In order to avoid the collision between the two 20 and 30 with certainty, it is preferable to connect with the connecting device 34.

そして、輸送船20の係留時にはウインチ12a,12bの巻き取りにより、第1係留
索33aと第2係留索33bのそれぞれに所定の初期張力T0を加えて固定する。なお、
この初期張力T0とは、静的な状態になって、下部プーリー11a、第1係留索結合部3
1a、第2係留索結合部31b、下部プーリー11aが平面視で直線状に並んだ時の張力
を言う。しかし、海象状況が穏やかでないと実際にはこのような状態になる場合は少ない
ので、予め実験や計算で求めた第1係留索33aと第2係留索33bの長さや張力の関係
を基に、巻き取り量やウインチ12a,12bで計測した張力で設定する。このために、
係留索33a,33bのそれぞれの初期張力T0を調整する制御を行う制御装置を備えて
構成する。
When the transport ship 20 is moored, a predetermined initial tension T0 is applied and fixed to each of the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b by winding the winches 12a and 12b. In addition,
The initial tension T0 is in a static state, and the lower pulley 11a, the first mooring line coupling portion 3
The tension when 1a, the 2nd mooring cable coupling | bond part 31b, and the lower pulley 11a are located in a straight line by planar view is said. However, since there are few cases where this state is actually obtained if the sea conditions are not calm, based on the relationship between the length and tension of the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b obtained in advance through experiments and calculations, The winding amount and the tension measured by the winches 12a and 12b are set. For this,
A control device that performs control to adjust the initial tension T0 of the mooring lines 33a and 33b is provided.

そして、第1係留索33aと第2係留索33bの所定の初期張力T0を変更することに
より、係留特性を変更及び調整できるので、海象状況に合わせてウインチ12a,12b
における第1係留索33aと第2係留索33bのそれぞれの巻き取り量を変更し、それぞ
れ所定の初期張力T0とすることが好ましい。更には、ウインチ12a,12bにテンシ
ョンウインチを使用して、係留の最中に両係留索33a,33bの張力が所定の張力にな
るように第1係留索33aと第2係留索33bの巻き取り量、つまり、係留索33a,3
3bの長さを変化させる制御を行うと、両係留索33a,33bの破断をより確実に避け
ることができるので、より好ましい。このために、係留の最中において、係留索33a,
33bの張力、又は、長さの少なくとも一方を調整制御する制御装置を備えて構成する。
Since the mooring characteristics can be changed and adjusted by changing the predetermined initial tension T0 of the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b, the winches 12a and 12b are adapted to the sea conditions.
It is preferable to change the amount of winding of each of the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b at a predetermined initial tension T0. Further, a tension winch is used for the winches 12a and 12b, and the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b are wound so that the tension of the mooring lines 33a and 33b becomes a predetermined tension during the mooring. Quantity, ie mooring lines 33a, 3
It is more preferable to perform control to change the length of 3b, since the breakage of both mooring lines 33a and 33b can be avoided more reliably. To this end, mooring lines 33a,
A controller for adjusting and controlling at least one of the tension and the length of 33b is provided.

なお、この係留システムにおける係留特性(変位と復元力の関係)の計算方法及び計算
プログラムを作成し、ワイヤロープを使用した場合の係留特性に関する計算、及び、係留
特性模型実験を行った。この係留特性模型実験では、1/150スケール模型を用いて、
水槽の底面に設置した船舶模型の船尾端に、本発明の係留システムの模型を取り付け、係
留索の伸びと張力の関係は線形ばねで模擬し、この線形ばねを引っ張る機構でウインチを
模擬すると共に、係留用部材の連結点に接続されたワイヤロープを水平方向に伸ばして滑
車を介して、錘を載荷して、連結点に作用する荷重とし、連結点の変位量を計測した。こ
の荷重が復元力と釣り合うことになるので、荷重の大きさが輸送船20の水平方向(サー
ジ方向)の復元力の大きさとなる。
In addition, the calculation method and calculation program of the mooring characteristic (relationship and restoring force) in this mooring system were created, and the mooring characteristic calculation using the wire rope and the mooring characteristic model experiment were conducted. In this mooring characteristic model experiment, using a 1/150 scale model,
Attach the model of the mooring system of the present invention to the stern end of the ship model installed at the bottom of the aquarium. The relationship between the tension and tension of the mooring line is simulated by a linear spring, and the winch is simulated by a mechanism that pulls this linear spring. Then, the wire rope connected to the connection point of the mooring member was stretched in the horizontal direction and the weight was loaded via the pulley to obtain a load acting on the connection point, and the displacement amount of the connection point was measured. Since this load is balanced with the restoring force, the magnitude of the load is the magnitude of the restoring force in the horizontal direction (surge direction) of the transport ship 20.

図3に、この計算プログラムによる計算値(実線)と係留特性模型実験による実験値(
黒丸印)を示す。両者はよく一致しており、この計算方法及び計算プログラムによる評価
の妥当性及び信頼性が高いことを示している。
Figure 3 shows the values calculated by this calculation program (solid line) and the experimental values from the mooring characteristic model experiment (
Indicates a black circle). Both agree well, indicating that the evaluation by this calculation method and calculation program is highly valid and reliable.

そして、この計算プログラムに基づいて計算した初期張力と係留特性の関係の計算値を
図4に実線A,B,C,Dで示す。実線Aの方から順に等間隔で初期張力が大きくなって
いる。また、初期張力一定で係留索長さと係留特性の関係の計算値を図5に実線A,B,
C,Dで示す。実線Aの方から順に等間隔で係留索長さが大きくなっている。
The calculated values of the relationship between the initial tension and the mooring characteristics calculated based on this calculation program are shown by solid lines A, B, C, and D in FIG. The initial tension increases in order from the solid line A at equal intervals. In addition, the calculated values of the relationship between the length of the mooring line and the mooring characteristics with constant initial tension are shown in FIG.
Indicated by C and D. The mooring line lengths are increased at equal intervals in order from the solid line A.

次に、第1係留索33aと第2係留索33bに関しては、ホーサー係留で用いられてい
るナイロントエルロープやバイキングロ−プ等の合成繊維索を用いることもできるが、ワ
イヤロ−プを用いると、係留用部材30の係留物用連結部32の変位量に対する係留復元
力をより大きくすることができる。係留システムによる係留特性の差に関して、図6に本
発明、ヨーク式、ホーサー式の計算値(実線A,B,C,D)とヨーク式の実験値(黒三
角印)を示す。この図6によれば、ワイヤロープAの場合は、ホーサー式(ナイロントエ
ルロープCやバイキングロ−プD)より半分位の変位量で同じ大きさの復元力を発揮でき
る。
Next, regarding the first mooring line 33a and the second mooring line 33b, a synthetic fiber line such as nylon toel rope or viking rope used in the hawser mooring can be used, but if a wire rope is used, The mooring restoring force with respect to the displacement amount of the mooring object connecting portion 32 of the mooring member 30 can be further increased. FIG. 6 shows calculated values (solid lines A, B, C, and D) of the present invention, yoke type, and hawser type, and experimental values (black triangles) of the yoke type regarding the difference in mooring characteristics of the mooring system. According to FIG. 6, in the case of the wire rope A, the restoring force having the same magnitude can be exhibited with a displacement amount about half that of the hawser type (nylon toe rope C or viking rope D).

これらの計算結果及び模型実験結果から、係留索の初期張力T0と係留索の長さとの組
合せによって静的な係留特性が決まるが、図4と図5の傾向を比較すると、使用する係留
索の長さの方が係留特性に及ぼす影響が大きいことが分かる。
From these calculation results and model test results, the static mooring characteristics are determined by the combination of the initial tension T0 of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line. By comparing the trends in FIG. 4 and FIG. It can be seen that the length has a greater effect on the mooring characteristics.

この係留特性においては、変位に対する大きな復元力を有しながら、更に小さな衝撃力
によるワイヤロープ破断という危険性を避けるためにも、特に小さな荷重の範囲において
静的な係留特性(変位−復元力(荷重))を表す曲線が急激に立ち上がらない(傾斜を大
きくしない)ように設定することが重要である。
In this mooring characteristic, in order to avoid the risk of wire rope breakage due to a smaller impact force while having a large restoring force against displacement, static mooring characteristics (displacement-restoring force ( It is important to set so that the curve representing the load)) does not rise suddenly (does not increase the slope).

また、図6にはヨーク式係船の場合も実線B(計算値)と黒三角印(実験値)で示して
あるが、本発明(実線A)とホーサー式(ナイロントエルロープC、バイキングロープD
)の間になっている。この比較の対象としたヨーク式係船では、図8に示す吊り下げ部材
34Bの長さや重錘33Bの重量、重錘33Bの重心位置によって係留特性が大きく変わ
るので、それらをパラメータとしたシリーズ計算を行い、最適な設計諸元を求めて、それ
らの諸元を基に数値計算並びに模型を製作して実験を行った結果を図中に示している。
In FIG. 6, the yoke type mooring is also indicated by a solid line B (calculated value) and a black triangle mark (experimental value), but the present invention (solid line A) and the hawser type (nylon toel rope C, viking rope D).
). In the yoke-type mooring that is the object of this comparison, the mooring characteristics vary greatly depending on the length of the suspension member 34B shown in FIG. 8, the weight of the weight 33B, and the center of gravity of the weight 33B. The figure shows the results of conducting experiments by obtaining optimal design specifications and making numerical calculations and models based on these specifications.

この図6から、本発明のワイヤロ−プを使用した係船システムは、従来技術のヨーク式
係船に比べて、変位に対する復元力が大きく、輸送船20の振れ回り運動を抑制して、振
れ回り範囲を小さくすることが可能であることが分かる。
From FIG. 6, the mooring system using the wire rope of the present invention has a greater restoring force with respect to the displacement than the yoke type mooring of the prior art, and suppresses the whirling motion of the transport ship 20, and the whirling range. As can be seen from FIG.

以上の説明では、係留基体としては、水上に係留されている洋上生産施設を、係留物と
しては、輸送船(シャトルタンカー)を例にして説明したが、本発明は、これに限定され
るものではなく、係留基体としては、その他の海洋構造物や、推進器により位置保持して
いる船舶等の浮体の他にも、港湾・河川施設等の陸上の固定施設も含むことができる。ま
た、更に広く、水中を潜行している潜水体や空中を飛行している飛行体も含む。
In the above description, the offshore production facility moored on the water is used as the mooring base, and the transport ship (shuttle tanker) is used as the mooring product. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, the mooring base may include other marine structures and floating facilities such as ships held by propulsion units, as well as land-based fixed facilities such as harbors and river facilities. In addition, it includes a submerged body that is submerged underwater and a flying body that is flying in the air.

また、係留物も水上に浮上している浮体構造物や船舶等に限定されず、没水や潜水して
いるものであってもよく、飛行船等空中に浮遊しているものであってもよく、着地又は海
底等に着底しているものであってもよい。
In addition, the mooring object is not limited to a floating structure or ship floating on the water, but may be submerged or submerged, or may be suspended in the air such as an airship. It may be landed on the landing or the seabed.

また、係留基体の係留位置や係留物の連結位置も、係留物の係留環境(水上、水中、空
中等)に応じて、それに対応して係留環境を変化させることができる。なお、必ずしも、
係留物側の連結位置と係留基体側の係留索の連結位置とが同じ係留環境にある必要は無く
、例えば、係留物側の連結位置が水中にあって、係留基体側の係留索の連結位置が水上に
あっても良く、このような場合も本願発明に含むことができる。
In addition, the mooring position of the mooring base and the connection position of the mooring object can also be changed in accordance with the mooring environment of the mooring object (water, water, air, etc.). Note that not necessarily
There is no need for the mooring side connection position and the mooring base side mooring line connection position to be in the same mooring environment. For example, the mooring side connection position is underwater, and the mooring base side mooring line connection position. May be on the water, and such a case can also be included in the present invention.

本発明の実施の形態の係留システムを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the mooring system of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の係留システムの模式的な平面図である。It is a typical top view of the mooring system of an embodiment of the invention. 係留システムの係留特性の計算値と実験値を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the calculated value and experimental value of a mooring characteristic of a mooring system. 初期張力による係留特性の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the change of the mooring characteristic by initial tension. 係留索長さによる係留特性の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the change of the mooring characteristic by mooring line length. 係留システムの差による係留特性の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the change of the mooring characteristic by the difference of a mooring system. 従来技術における係留索による直列係留を模式的に示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows typically the serial mooring by the mooring line in a prior art. ヨーク式の払出装置と係留システムを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a yoke-type discharge apparatus and a mooring system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 洋上生産設備(FPSO)(係留基体)
11a,11b 下部プーリー
12a,12b ウインチ
13a,13b 上部プーリー
14a,14b プーリー支柱
20 輸送船(係留物)
21 係留船側連結部
22 船倉
30 係留用部材
31a 第1係留索結合部
31b 第2係留索結合部
32 係留物用連結部
33a 第1係留索
33b 第2係留索
34 連結装置(自在継手)
50 洋上オフローディング装置
T0 所定の初期張力
10 Offshore production facility (FPSO) (Mooring base)
11a, 11b Lower pulley 12a, 12b Winch 13a, 13b Upper pulley 14a, 14b Pulley post 20 Transport ship (mooring item)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Mooring ship side connection part 22 Ship hold 30 Member for mooring 31a 1st mooring line coupling part 31b 2nd mooring line coupling part 32 Mooring thing connection part 33a 1st mooring line 33b 2nd mooring line 34 Connecting device (universal joint)
50 Offshore offloading device T0 Predetermined initial tension

Claims (9)

三角形の頂点を形成する第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部と係留物用連結部とを有する係留用部材を使用して、係留基体に係留物を係留するための係留システムであって、前記第1係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間、及び、前記第2係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間をそれぞれ係留索で接続すると共に、前記係留物用連結部に前記係留物の係留物側連結部を連結し、静的な係留特性として前記係留索の初期張力と前記係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決める制御装置を備えたことを特徴とする係留システム。 A mooring system for mooring a mooring object on a mooring base using a mooring member having a first mooring line coupling part, a second mooring line coupling part and a mooring object connection part forming a vertex of a triangle. And connecting the first mooring line coupling part and the mooring base and the second mooring line coupling part and the mooring base with mooring lines, respectively, and connecting the mooring object connection part to the mooring object connection part. A mooring system comprising a control device for coupling a mooring object side connecting portion of a mooring object and determining a combination of an initial tension of the mooring line and a length of the mooring line as static mooring characteristics . 前記係留索としてワイヤロープを用いることを特徴とする請求項1記載の係留システム。   The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein a wire rope is used as the mooring line. 前記係留物用連結部に、互いに直交する三方向に関する回転方向の動きを許容する自在継手を介して前記係留物側連結部を連結したことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の係留システム。   The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the mooring object-side connecting portion is connected to the mooring-object connecting portion via a universal joint that allows movement in a rotational direction in three directions orthogonal to each other. 前記制御装置は、係留の最中において、前記係留索の張力、又は、長さの少なくとも一方を調整制御することを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載の係留システム。 The mooring system according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the control device adjusts and controls at least one of a tension and a length of the mooring line during mooring. 前記係留索の方向を前記第1係留索結合部又は第2係留索結合部の方向から上下方向に変更する下部プーリーと、前記係留索の方向を上下方向からウインチの巻き取り方向に変更する上部プーリーを、前記係留基体に設け、前記係留索を前記下部プーリーと前記上部プーリーを介して前記ウインチに巻き取って前記係留基体に固定することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3又は4記載の係留システム。 A lower pulley that changes the direction of the mooring line from the direction of the first mooring line coupling part or the second mooring line coupling part, and an upper part that changes the direction of the mooring line from the vertical direction to the winch winding direction The pulley is provided on the mooring base, and the mooring line is wound around the winch via the lower pulley and the upper pulley and fixed to the mooring base. Mooring system. 前記係留基体が船舶又は浮体構造物であり、前記係留物が船舶又は浮体構造物であることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載の係留システム。   The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the mooring base is a ship or a floating structure, and the mooring body is a ship or a floating structure. 三角形の頂点を形成する第1係留索結合部と第2係留索結合部と係留物用連結部とを有する係留用部材を使用して、係留基体に係留物を係留するための係留方法であって、
前記第1係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間、及び、前記第2係留索結合部と前記係留基体との間をそれぞれ係留索で接続すると共に、前記係留物用連結部に前記係留物の係留物側連結部を連結し、静的な係留特性として前記係留索の初期張力と前記係留索の長さとの組み合わせを決めることにより、前記係留物の係留物側連結部における変位に対する復元力の特性を調整することを特徴とする係留方法。
A mooring method for mooring a mooring object on a mooring base using a mooring member having a first mooring line coupling part, a second mooring line coupling part and a mooring object connection part forming a vertex of a triangle. And
The mooring line connects the first mooring line coupling part and the mooring base, and the second mooring line coupling part and the mooring base, respectively, and the mooring object is connected to the mooring object connecting part. By connecting the mooring object side connecting part and determining the combination of the initial tension of the mooring line and the length of the mooring line as static mooring characteristics, the restoring force against the displacement of the mooring object at the mooring object side connecting part The mooring method characterized by adjusting the characteristics of the.
係留の最中において、前記係留索の張力、又は、長さの少なくとも一方を調整制御することを特徴とする請求項7記載の係留方法。 The mooring method according to claim 7 , wherein at least one of a tension and a length of the mooring line is adjusted and controlled during mooring. 前記係留索としてワイヤロープを用いることを特徴とする請求項7又は8記載の係留方法。The mooring method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a wire rope is used as the mooring line.
JP2006182390A 2006-06-30 2006-06-30 Mooring system and mooring method Expired - Fee Related JP4939856B2 (en)

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