JP4925924B2 - Method and system for bioremediation - Google Patents

Method and system for bioremediation Download PDF

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JP4925924B2
JP4925924B2 JP2007142551A JP2007142551A JP4925924B2 JP 4925924 B2 JP4925924 B2 JP 4925924B2 JP 2007142551 A JP2007142551 A JP 2007142551A JP 2007142551 A JP2007142551 A JP 2007142551A JP 4925924 B2 JP4925924 B2 JP 4925924B2
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JP2008296094A (en
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幹 久保
和寛 山田
真康 渡辺
雄司 今田
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description

本発明は、微生物によって汚染土壌等の処理対象を修復するバイオレメディエーションのための方法及び該方法の実施に適したシステムに関する。   The present invention relates to a method for bioremediation for repairing an object to be treated such as contaminated soil by microorganisms and a system suitable for carrying out the method.

近年、石油、有機溶剤、重金属等の土壌汚染物質を微生物によって分解し、環境汚染を修復する技術として、バイオレメディエーション（bio‐remediation：微生物による環境修復技術）が注目されており、バイオレメディエーションを用いた種々のシステムが提案されており、例えば、汚染物質としてのトリクロロエチレンが含まれた高粘性の汚染土を投入用ハッチから投入するとともにこれを気密状態で収容可能な容器と、該容器内の汚染土を攪拌する攪拌手段と、トリクロロエチレンを分解する分解菌を前記容器内に投入する分解菌投入手段と、前記容器内に対して給排気を行う給排気手段としての給気設備及び排気設備とからなる浄化装置（例えば、特許文献１）や、土壌を再利用するために必要な微生物等の各種材料の添加することのできる汚染土壌処理装置（例えば、特許文献２）等が知られている。
特開２０００−２５４６３４号公報 特開２００４−２０２３５３号公報 In recent years, bio-remediation (bio-remediation technology) has attracted attention as a technology for resolving environmental pollution by decomposing soil pollutants such as petroleum, organic solvents, and heavy metals using microorganisms. Various types of systems have been proposed. For example, a highly viscous contaminated soil containing trichlorethylene as a contaminant is introduced from an introduction hatch and can be stored in an airtight state. Agitating means for agitating the soil, degrading bacteria charging means for introducing degrading bacteria for decomposing trichlorethylene into the container, and air supply equipment and exhaust equipment as air supply / exhaust means for supplying and exhausting the inside of the container A purification device (for example, Patent Document 1) and various materials such as microorganisms necessary for reusing soil. Kill contaminated soil treatment apparatus (e.g., Patent Document 2) it is known, or the like.
JP 2000-254634 A JP 2004-202353 A

しかしながら、従来のバイオレメディエーションシステムは、汚染土壌等の処理対象の修復度合いにバラツキが生じるという問題があった。   However, the conventional bioremediation system has a problem that variations occur in the degree of repair of a treatment target such as contaminated soil.

そこで、本発明は、修復のバラツキを低減又は無くし得る、バイオレメディエーションのための方法及び該方法の実施に適したシステムを提供すること目的とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for bioremediation and a system suitable for carrying out the method, which can reduce or eliminate variations in repair.

上記従来の問題を解決するため、本発明者等は、鋭意研究の結果、上記従来の問題は、土壌等の処理対象に必要な量の微生物が均一に分散されていないことに起因するものであることを見出した。   In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present inventors, as a result of diligent research, are due to the fact that the amount of microorganisms necessary for the treatment target such as soil is not uniformly dispersed. I found out.

そこで、上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係るバイオレメディエーションのための方法は、撹拌槽内に処理対象を収容し、その収容量を計量するステップと、前記処理対象の計量値（Ｗ）に見合う量の微生物（Ｙ）を、単位量当たりの処理対象中に必要な予め試験により得られた微生物の適正量（Ａ）と前記計量値（Ｗ）とに基づいて、前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するステップと、前記撹拌槽内で前記処理対象を撹拌し、前記供給された微生物を処理対象中に分散させるステップと、を含むことを特徴とする。   Therefore, in order to achieve the above object, a method for bioremediation according to the present invention includes a step of storing a processing target in a stirring tank and weighing the storage amount, and a measured value (W) of the processing target. A suitable amount of microorganisms (Y) are treated in the agitation tank based on the appropriate amount (A) of microorganisms obtained by a preliminary test necessary for the treatment target per unit amount and the measured value (W). Supplying the target, and stirring the processing target in the agitation tank, and dispersing the supplied microorganisms in the processing target.

一実施形態において、前記供給される微生物が処理対象中の土着微生物と同種の微生物であり、前記処理対象の計量値に見合う微生物の量（Ｙ）は、処理対象から予めサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの土着微生物量（Ｂ）を、単位量当たりの処理対象中に必要な予め試験により得られた土着微生物と同種の微生物量の適正量（Ａ）から差し引いた微生物量（Ａ−Ｂ）に、前記計量値（Ｗ）を乗算することにより算出される。   In one embodiment, the supplied microorganism is a microorganism of the same kind as an indigenous microorganism to be processed, and the amount of microorganism (Y) corresponding to the measured value of the processing object is a unit in a sample previously sampled from the processing object. The amount of microorganisms (A-B) obtained by subtracting the amount of indigenous microorganisms per unit amount (B) from the appropriate amount (A) of the same type of microorganisms as the indigenous microorganisms obtained by the preliminary tests necessary for the treatment target per unit amount Is multiplied by the measured value (W).

一実施形態において、前記処理対象の計量値に見合う微生物の量（Ｙ）は、前記撹拌槽での撹拌後の処理対象からサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの微生物量であって撹拌により死滅した微生物量（Ｚ）に前記計量値（Ｗ）を乗算することにより算出される微生物量（Ｚ×Ｗ）が更に加算される。   In one embodiment, the amount (Y) of microorganisms corresponding to the measurement value of the processing target is the amount of microorganisms per unit amount in the sample sampled from the processing target after stirring in the stirring tank and has been killed by stirring. The amount of microorganisms (Z × W) calculated by multiplying the amount of microorganisms (Z) by the measured value (W) is further added.

また、一実施形態において、ＤＮＡ量を定量することにより微生物量が求められる。   In one embodiment, the amount of microorganisms is determined by quantifying the amount of DNA.

さらに、一実施形態において、前記処理対象が土壌であり、処理前の処理対象の水分を測定するステップと、前記測定された処理前の処理対象の水分と、単位量当たりの処理対象において微生物に必要な予め試験により得られた水分と、処理対象の前記計量値とから、前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に不足する水の量を算出するステップと、該不足する量の水を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するステップと、を更に有する。   Furthermore, in one embodiment, the treatment target is soil, the moisture of the treatment target before the treatment is measured, the measured moisture of the treatment target before the treatment, and the microorganism in the treatment target per unit amount A step of calculating the amount of water deficient in the object to be treated in the agitation tank from the moisture obtained by necessary tests in advance and the measured value of the object to be treated, and the insufficient amount of water in the agitation tank And supplying to the processing object.

また、一実施形態において、処理対象に供給する水中に、微生物の栄養素が含まれる。   Moreover, in one Embodiment, the nutrient of microorganisms is contained in the water supplied to a process target.

また、上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係るバイオレメディエーションのためのシステムは、微生物を貯蔵する微生物タンクと、処理対象を撹拌槽に受け入れて撹拌する撹拌装置と、前記撹拌装置に供給される処理対象の供給量を計量する計量器と、前記微生物タンクから微生物を前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給する微生物供給手段と、前記微生物供給手段によって前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給される微生物の供給量を制御する第１制御部と、前記計量器による計量値に基づいて前記第１制御部を制御し、該計量値に見合う量の微生物を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給する制御装置と、を有することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a system for bioremediation according to the present invention is supplied to a microorganism tank for storing microorganisms, an agitator for receiving a treatment object in an agitation tank and agitating, and the agitation apparatus. A measuring instrument for measuring a supply amount to be treated; a microorganism supply means for supplying microorganisms from the microorganism tank to the stirring tank of the stirring apparatus; and supply of microorganisms supplied to the stirring tank of the stirring apparatus by the microorganism supply means A first control unit that controls the amount; and a control device that controls the first control unit based on a measured value by the measuring device and supplies an amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value to a processing target in the agitation tank; It is characterized by having.

前記システムは、一実施形態において、水タンクと、前記水タンクから前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に水を供給する水供給手段と、前記水供給手段によって前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給される水の供給量を制御する第２制御部と、を更に有し、前記制御装置は、前記計量器による計量値に基づいて前記第２制御部をも制御し、該計量値に見合う量の水を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するように構成される。   In one embodiment, the system includes a water tank, water supply means for supplying water from the water tank to the stirring tank of the stirring device, and water supplied to the stirring tank of the stirring device by the water supply means. A second control unit that controls a supply amount, and the control device also controls the second control unit based on a measured value by the measuring instrument, and supplies an amount of water corresponding to the measured value. It is comprised so that it may supply to the process target in a stirring tank.

また、前記システムは、一実施形態において、処理対象の所定量中のＤＮＡ量を定量するＤＮＡ抽出装置を更に有し、前記制御装置は、該ＤＮＡ抽出装置の定量結果に基づいて前記第１制御部を制御するように構成されている。   In one embodiment, the system further includes a DNA extraction device that quantifies the amount of DNA in a predetermined amount to be processed, and the control device performs the first control based on a quantification result of the DNA extraction device. It is comprised so that a part may be controlled.

本発明によれば、処理すべき土壌等の処理対象を撹拌槽に収容するとともに、撹拌槽に収容される処理対象の収容量を計量し、撹拌装置内に収容された処理対象の計量値に見合う量の微生物を供給し、撹拌して均一に分散させることで、バラツキの少ない修復を実現し得る。   According to the present invention, the processing target such as soil to be processed is accommodated in the agitation tank, the storage amount of the processing object accommodated in the agitation tank is measured, and the measured value of the processing object accommodated in the agitation device is obtained. By supplying a suitable amount of microorganisms, stirring, and uniformly dispersing, it is possible to realize repair with little variation.

土着微生物と同種の微生物を撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給する場合、処理対象の計量値に見合う微生物の量は、処理対象から予めサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの土着微生物量を、単位量当たりの処理対象中に必要な予め試験により得られた土着微生物と同種の微生物の適正量から差し引いた微生物量に、前記計量値を乗算して算出することで、計量値に見合う微生物量の確度が向上し、より効率の良い修復が可能となる。   When supplying the same type of microorganism as the indigenous microorganism to the processing target in the agitation tank, the amount of the microorganism corresponding to the measured value of the processing target is the amount of the indigenous microorganism per unit amount in the sample sampled in advance from the processing target. The amount of microorganisms subtracted from the appropriate amount of indigenous microorganisms of the same type as the indigenous microorganisms obtained in advance during the treatment target, and multiplying the above measured value, the accuracy of the amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value Improved and more efficient repair is possible.

また、処理対象が土壌である場合、予めサンプリングして水分を測定しておき、撹拌槽内の処理対象に不足する水を補給することにより、修復効果が高まる。また、必要に応じて、補給する水に微生物の栄養素を含めておくことで、処理能力を向上させることができる。   In addition, when the treatment target is soil, the restoration effect is enhanced by sampling water in advance and measuring the moisture, and supplying the treatment target in the agitation tank with insufficient water. Further, if necessary, the treatment capacity can be improved by including microbial nutrients in the replenished water.

また、撹拌によって死滅する微生物量を検出し、死滅する微生物量に相当する量の微生物量を撹拌前に投入することにより、撹拌による微生物の減少に左右されることなく、処理対象の量に見合った微生物量を供給し得る。   In addition, by detecting the amount of microorganisms that are killed by agitation and adding an amount of microorganisms equivalent to the amount of microorganisms that are to be killed before agitation, the amount of microorganisms to be treated is commensurate with the reduction of microorganisms due to agitation. The amount of microorganisms can be supplied.

さらに、微生物量は、ＤＮＡ量を定量して求めることにより、迅速で精度の高い計測が可能となる。   Furthermore, the amount of microorganisms can be measured quickly and accurately by quantitatively determining the amount of DNA.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について、以下に図１〜２を参照して説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

図１は、本発明に係るバイオレメディエーションのためのシステムの一形態を示すである。図１は、汚染土壌を処理対象として浄化処理するためのシステムの例を示している。   FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a system for bioremediation according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an example of a system for purifying a contaminated soil as a treatment target.

図１に示されたシステムは、微生物を貯蔵する微生物タンク１と、処理対象を攪拌槽２ａに受け入れて撹拌する撹拌装置２と、撹拌装置２に供給される処理対象の供給量を計量する計量器３と、微生物タンク１から微生物を撹拌装置２に供給する微生物供給手段４と、微生物供給手段４によって撹拌装置２に供給される微生物の供給量を制御する第１制御部５と、を備えている。   The system shown in FIG. 1 includes a microorganism tank 1 that stores microorganisms, a stirring device 2 that receives and stirs a processing target in a stirring tank 2a, and a metering that measures the supply amount of the processing target supplied to the stirring device 2. A vessel 3, a microorganism supply unit 4 that supplies microorganisms from the microorganism tank 1 to the stirring device 2, and a first control unit 5 that controls a supply amount of microorganisms supplied to the stirring device 2 by the microorganism supply unit 4. ing.

さらに、図１に示すシステムは、微生物の栄養分となる水を貯える水タンク６と、水タンク６から水を撹拌装置２に供給する水供給手段７と、水供給手段７によって撹拌装置２に供給される水の供給量を制御する第２制御部８と、を備えている。   In addition, the system shown in FIG. 1 includes a water tank 6 that stores water that serves as nutrients for microorganisms, a water supply unit 7 that supplies water from the water tank 6 to the stirring device 2, and a water supply unit 7 that supplies water to the stirring device 2. And a second control unit 8 for controlling the amount of water supplied.

撹拌装置２は、２軸式ミキサーであって、撹拌槽２ａ内に、撹拌翼２ｂが取り付けられた一対の回転シャフト２ｃが回転駆動可能に支持されており、撹拌翼２ｂは、回転シャフト２ｃの周面に所定角度ピッチ、例えば４５°ピッチ、でスパイラル状に取り付けられている。この種のミキサーは、粘度の高い土壌を撹拌するのに適している。   The stirring device 2 is a two-shaft mixer, and a pair of rotating shafts 2c to which stirring blades 2b are attached are supported in a stirring tank 2a so as to be able to rotate. The stirring blades 2b are connected to the rotating shaft 2c. It is attached to the peripheral surface in a spiral shape at a predetermined angular pitch, for example, 45 ° pitch. This type of mixer is suitable for stirring highly viscous soil.

計量器３は、重量計であり、重量計としては撹拌装置２の撹拌槽２ａ内に収容される処理対象を直接又は間接的に計測できるものであれば特に限定されないが、図示の例では、撹拌装置２を吊り下げ、その吊り下げ荷重を計測するロードセルによって、撹拌装置２に投入された処理対象の重量を算出するようになっている。   The measuring device 3 is a weigh scale, and the weight scale is not particularly limited as long as it can directly or indirectly measure the processing object accommodated in the stirring tank 2a of the stirring device 2, but in the illustrated example, The weight of the processing target put into the stirring device 2 is calculated by a load cell that suspends the stirring device 2 and measures the suspension load.

微生物タンク１には、水中に微生物を高濃度で含有させた微生物含有液が収容されている。微生物タンク１には、微生物供給手段４の構成要素である配管４ａが接続され、配管４ａは撹拌装置２に向けて延設されている。配管４ａには、微生物含有液を送り出すための圧送ポンプ４ｂが介在させられている。   The microorganism tank 1 contains a microorganism-containing liquid in which microorganisms are contained in water at a high concentration. A pipe 4 a that is a component of the microorganism supply means 4 is connected to the microorganism tank 1, and the pipe 4 a extends toward the stirring device 2. A pressure feed pump 4b for sending out the microorganism-containing liquid is interposed in the pipe 4a.

微生物タンク１に収容される微生物含有液中には、処理対象の土壌に含まれる汚染物質等に応じた微生物を含有させてある。例えば、処理対象の土壌が石油によって汚染されている場合、微生物含有液中には、石油成分を分解する炭化水素分解菌を含有させることができる。例えば、石油汚染土壌では、油の長鎖ノルマルアルカン成分に対して高分解能を持つＡｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ．や、長鎖ノルマルアルカンとシクロアルカンの両成分を分解可能なＲｈｏｄｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｓｐ．等である。   The microorganism-containing liquid stored in the microorganism tank 1 contains microorganisms corresponding to the pollutants contained in the soil to be treated. For example, when the soil to be treated is contaminated with petroleum, the microorganism-containing liquid can contain hydrocarbon-decomposing bacteria that decompose petroleum components. For example, in petroleum-contaminated soil, Acinetobacter sp. And Rhodococcus sp., Which can decompose both long-chain normal alkane and cycloalkane components. Etc.

水タンク６には、微生物の活動に必要な水が貯蔵されている。水タンク６に貯えられた水中には、微生物の栄養素を添加しておくことができる。なお、これらの栄養素も、微生物の種類に応じて適宜決定される。水タンク６内の水を撹拌装置２内の撹拌槽２ａに供給する水供給手段７が設けられている。水供給手段７は、一端が水タンク６に接続され他端が撹拌装置２に導かれた配管７ａと、微生物含有液を送り出すために配管７ａに介在させられた圧送ポンプ７ｂとを備えている。水供給手段７には、水供給量を制御するための第２制御部８が設けられている。   The water tank 6 stores water necessary for the activity of microorganisms. Microbial nutrients can be added to the water stored in the water tank 6. These nutrients are also appropriately determined according to the type of microorganism. Water supply means 7 for supplying water in the water tank 6 to the stirring tank 2a in the stirring device 2 is provided. The water supply means 7 includes a pipe 7a having one end connected to the water tank 6 and the other end guided to the stirring device 2, and a pressure feed pump 7b interposed in the pipe 7a for sending out the microorganism-containing liquid. . The water supply means 7 is provided with a second control unit 8 for controlling the water supply amount.

図示例において、第１制御部５は電磁弁５ｂを備え、第２制御部８は電磁弁８ｂを備えている。制御装置１０は、計量器３から計量値の情報を得て、その計量値に基づき、計量値に見合う量の微生物及び水を供給するように第１制御部及び第２制御部を制御する。図示例では、配管４ａ、７ａの各々に流量計５ａ、８ａが設けられ、制御装置１０は、流量計５ａ、８ａから流量情報を得て、微生物及び水の供給量を監視し、所定量が供給された時に電磁源５ｂ、８ｂを閉じる。なお、流量計を省くことができ、その場合は、例えば、制御装置１０は、予め設定された時間が経過すると電磁弁５ａ、８ａを閉じるように構成することができる。   In the illustrated example, the first control unit 5 includes an electromagnetic valve 5b, and the second control unit 8 includes an electromagnetic valve 8b. The control device 10 obtains measurement value information from the measuring device 3 and controls the first control unit and the second control unit so as to supply the amount of microorganisms and water corresponding to the measurement value based on the measurement value. In the illustrated example, flow meters 5a and 8a are provided in the pipes 4a and 7a, respectively, and the control device 10 obtains flow rate information from the flow meters 5a and 8a, monitors the supply amount of microorganisms and water, and a predetermined amount is obtained. When supplied, the electromagnetic sources 5b and 8b are closed. Note that the flow meter can be omitted, and in that case, for example, the control device 10 can be configured to close the electromagnetic valves 5a and 8a when a preset time elapses.

計量器３の計量値に見合う微生物量は、例えば、以下に説明するように、試験によって決定され得る。   The amount of microorganisms commensurate with the measurement value of the measuring device 3 can be determined by a test as described below, for example.

微生物の数は、例えば、処理対象の土壌から採取した試料を水に懸濁させ、その懸濁液のシャーレ上に滴下して顕微鏡を用いて数える方法や、採取した試料中のＤＮＡ量を定量することにより、ＤＮＡ量を指標として推定する方法等により、知ることができる。   The number of microorganisms can be determined by, for example, suspending a sample collected from the soil to be treated in water, dropping it on the petri dish of the suspension, and counting with a microscope, or quantifying the amount of DNA in the collected sample. By doing so, it can be known by a method of estimating the amount of DNA as an index.

例えば、図２は、ＤＡＰＩ染色による試料の単位重量当たりの微生物量と、試料の単位重量当たりのＤＮＡ量との関係（検量線）の一例を示すグラフである。図２に示された関係を用いると、試料土壌中の単位重量当たりの微生物量（cells/g）は、ＤＮＡ量（μg／g）×１．７×１０８（以下、微生物量推定式と言う。）と推定することができる。このような検量線は、種々の微生物について各々作成しデータベース化される。 For example, FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the relationship (calibration curve) between the amount of microorganisms per unit weight of a sample by DAPI staining and the amount of DNA per unit weight of the sample. Using the relationship shown in FIG. 2, the amount of microorganisms per unit weight (cells / g) in the sample soil is the amount of DNA (μg / g) × 1.7 × 10 8 (hereinafter referred to as the formula for estimating the amount of microorganisms). Can be estimated.) Such a calibration curve is created and databased for each of various microorganisms.

そして、微生物の種類、数量、汚染物質の種類等について、処理対象の量（重量）に対する微生物量の適正量を求める試験が予め行われ、それにより処理対象の単位重量当たりの微生物量の適正量が割り出され、データベース化される。処理対象に重量に対して微生物量が適正量であるか否かの判定は、実験による浄化度合い等の処理度合いを調べることによりなされ得る。あるいは、良好な土壌（即ち汚染されていな健全な土壌）、良好な農地（即ち、農作に適した柔らかく肥沃な農地）、良好な活性汚泥水（即ち、処理能力の高い活性汚泥処理槽中の処理水）等の、汚染等の無い良好な処理対象について単位重量当たりの微生物量を予め測定しておくことによっても、処理に適した単位重量当たりの微生物量の適正量を知ることができる。こうして、単位重量当たりの処理対象中の微生物量の適正量（Ａ）が、予め試験により得られる。   Then, a test for obtaining an appropriate amount of the microorganism with respect to the amount (weight) of the processing target is performed in advance on the type, quantity, type of the contaminant, and the like, and thereby an appropriate amount of the microorganism amount per unit weight of the processing target. Is determined and databased. Whether or not the amount of microorganisms is an appropriate amount relative to the weight of the object to be treated can be determined by examining the degree of treatment such as the degree of purification by experiment. Alternatively, in good soil (ie, healthy soil that is contaminated), good farmland (ie, soft and fertile farmland suitable for farming), good activated sludge water (ie, in a high-capacity activated sludge treatment tank) It is also possible to know the appropriate amount of microorganisms per unit weight suitable for treatment by measuring the amount of microorganisms per unit weight in advance for a good treatment target free of contamination such as treated water). Thus, an appropriate amount (A) of the amount of microorganisms in the processing target per unit weight is obtained in advance by a test.

土着微生物でない新たな微生物を撹拌槽２ａ内の処理対象に補給する場合、単位重量当たりの処理対象中の微生物量の適正量（Ａ）に、計量器３によって計量された計量値（重量）を乗算すれば、撹拌槽２ａ内にある処理対象の重量に見合う量の微生物量を知ることができる。そして、制御装置１０は、処理対象の重量に見合う適正量の微生物を供給するように第１制御部５を制御する。なお、制御装置１０は、計量値を計量器３から通信手段を介して自動的に取得するように構成されていることが好ましいが、手動入力により取得するように構成されていても良い。さらに、制御装置１０は、適正量（Ａ）に関する情報をデータベースから参照し、図示しない演算部において適正量（Ａ）に計量値を乗算する演算を行い、演算結果に基づき、第１制御部５を制御し得る。   When new microorganisms that are not indigenous microorganisms are replenished to the treatment target in the agitation tank 2a, the measurement value (weight) measured by the measuring device 3 is added to the appropriate amount (A) of the microorganism amount in the treatment target per unit weight. By multiplying, it is possible to know the amount of microorganisms corresponding to the weight of the object to be processed in the stirring tank 2a. And the control apparatus 10 controls the 1st control part 5 so that the appropriate quantity of microorganisms suitable for the weight of a process target may be supplied. In addition, although it is preferable that the control apparatus 10 is comprised so that a measurement value may be automatically acquired from a measuring device 3 via a communication means, you may be comprised so that it may acquire by manual input. Furthermore, the control device 10 refers to information on the appropriate amount (A) from the database, performs an operation of multiplying the appropriate amount (A) by a measurement value in a calculation unit (not shown), and based on the calculation result, the first control unit 5. Can be controlled.

土着微生物と同種の微生物を撹拌槽２ａ内の処理対象に補給する場合であって、処理対象となる土壌等の汚染の程度が高く、土着微生物の生息数が低いと考えられる場合は、上記の新規微生物を補給する場合と同様の方法、即ち、単位重量当たりの処理対象中の微生物量の適正量（Ａ）に、計量器３によって計量された計量値（重量）を乗算した量の、土着微生物と同種の微生物を補給することができる。   When the same type of microorganism as the indigenous microorganism is replenished to the treatment target in the agitation tank 2a, the degree of contamination of the soil to be treated is high and the number of indigenous microorganisms is considered to be low. A method similar to that for replenishing new microorganisms, that is, an indigenous amount (A) of the amount of microorganisms to be treated per unit weight multiplied by a measurement value (weight) measured by the measuring device 3 It is possible to replenish microorganisms of the same type as microorganisms.

また、土着微生物と同種の微生物を撹拌槽２ａ内の処理対象に補給する場合であって、処理対象となる土壌等の汚染の程度が低く、かなりの数の土着微生物が生存していると考えられる場合は、処理対象から処理前に予めサンプリングした試料中の微生物量を調べ、不足する量の微生物を補充するようにしても良い。   Moreover, it is a case where microorganisms of the same type as the indigenous microorganisms are replenished to the treatment target in the agitation tank 2a, and the degree of contamination of the soil to be treated is low, and a considerable number of indigenous microorganisms are considered to be alive. In such a case, the amount of microorganisms in a sample sampled in advance from the processing target before processing may be examined, and an insufficient amount of microorganisms may be replenished.

例えば、予め得られた単位重量当たりの処理対象中の微生物量の適正量（Ａ）から、処理対象である土壌から予めサンプリングした試料中の単位重量中の微生物量であって上記微生物量推定式に基づき得られた微生物量（Ｂ）を、差し引いて、処理対象である土壌に不足する単位重量当たりの微生物量（Ｃ）を算出し、撹拌装置２内に収容された処理されるべき土壌の総重量（Ｗ）に前記微生物量（Ｃ）をかけ算することにより、撹拌槽２ａ内に供給された処理対象に不足する微生物量、即ち処理対象の重量に見合う微生物量（Ｙ）が算出される。こうして算出された微生物量（Ｙ）を含む微生物含有液が、制御装置１０の制御下に、微生物タンク１から微生物供給手段４及び第１制御部５を通じて、撹拌装置２の撹拌槽２ａ内に供給される。単位重量中の微生物量は、少ないと汚染物質を十分に分解することができず、また、逆に多いと費用対効果が悪化する等のため、理想的な数の微生物を処理対象中に投与することで、最適処理が図られる。   For example, from the appropriate amount (A) of the amount of microorganisms in the processing target per unit weight obtained in advance, the amount of microorganisms in the unit weight in the sample previously sampled from the soil to be processed, The amount of microorganisms (B) obtained based on the above is subtracted to calculate the amount of microorganisms (C) per unit weight that is deficient in the soil to be treated, and the amount of soil to be treated contained in the stirring device 2 is calculated. By multiplying the total weight (W) by the amount of microorganisms (C), the amount of microorganisms deficient in the processing target supplied into the stirring tank 2a, that is, the amount of microorganisms (Y) corresponding to the weight of the processing target is calculated. . A microorganism-containing liquid containing the amount of microorganisms (Y) calculated in this way is supplied from the microorganism tank 1 through the microorganism supply means 4 and the first control unit 5 into the stirring tank 2a of the stirring apparatus 2 under the control of the control apparatus 10. Is done. If the amount of microorganisms in the unit weight is small, the pollutant cannot be decomposed sufficiently, and if it is too large, the cost effectiveness will deteriorate. By doing so, optimum processing is achieved.

さらに、撹拌槽２ａ内での撹拌条件等により一部の微生物が死滅する場合があるため、撹拌装置２から排出される処理対象を適宜サンプリングし、当該試料中の単位重量当たりの微生物量を計測し、試料単位重量あたりの撹拌によって死滅した微生物量（撹拌槽投入時に比較して減少した微生物量）を算出し、その算出した値に計量値を乗算することにより、撹拌による死滅する微生物量を、次処理以降、撹拌前の処理対象に予め追加して供給することもできる。   Furthermore, since some microorganisms may die depending on the stirring conditions in the stirring tank 2a, the processing target discharged from the stirring device 2 is appropriately sampled, and the amount of microorganisms per unit weight in the sample is measured. Calculate the amount of microorganisms killed by stirring per unit weight of the sample (the amount of microorganisms decreased compared to when the stirring tank was added), and multiply the calculated value by the measured value to obtain the amount of microorganisms killed by stirring. After the next treatment, it can be additionally supplied in advance to the treatment target before stirring.

水タンク６から撹拌槽２ａ中の処理対象に供給される水の量についても、単位重量当たりの処理対象中に必要な水の量は、上記微生物量の場合と同様にして、即ち、実験又は健全な土壌等の測定等の試験により予めデータが得られ、データベース化される。予め処理対象からサンプリングした試料中の水分率を測定しておき、前記データベース化されたデータを基に、処理対象に不足する水の量を算出することができる。水分率測定は、公知の水分センサーを使用できる。   Regarding the amount of water supplied from the water tank 6 to the treatment target in the agitation tank 2a, the amount of water necessary for the treatment target per unit weight is the same as in the case of the amount of microorganisms, that is, in the experiment or Data is obtained in advance by a test such as measurement of a healthy soil, and is made into a database. The moisture content in the sample sampled from the treatment target is measured in advance, and the amount of water deficient in the treatment target can be calculated based on the data stored in the database. A known moisture sensor can be used for moisture content measurement.

同様に、水に添加される微生物のための栄養素についても、処理対象の種類、処理目的、微生物の種類等に応じて、単位重量中に必要な栄養素の量が予め試験によって得られ、データベース化される。   Similarly, regarding nutrients for microorganisms added to water, the amount of nutrients required per unit weight is obtained in advance by a test according to the type of treatment target, the purpose of treatment, the type of microorganism, etc. Is done.

上記のようにして得られた微生物量、水量、栄養素量、検量線等に関するデータベースに基づき、制御装置１０は、上記したように、第１制御部５及び第２制御部８を制御する。制御装置１０は、これらのデータベースを内蔵することができる。制御装置１０は、計量器３とデータ通信可能に構成することができ、単位重量中の微生物の適正量に関するデータ、及び、計量器３により計量された撹拌槽２ａ中の処理対象の重量に関する計量データを受け取り、さらに前記データベースから必要なデータを取り出して演算処理し、処理対象に見合う微生物量、水量、栄養素量を算出し、該算出結果に基づいて第１制御部５及び第２制御部８に制御するように構成することができる。   As described above, the control device 10 controls the first control unit 5 and the second control unit 8 based on the database related to the amount of microorganisms, the amount of water, the amount of nutrients, the calibration curve, and the like obtained as described above. The control device 10 can incorporate these databases. The control device 10 can be configured to be capable of data communication with the measuring device 3, and measures the data regarding the appropriate amount of microorganisms in the unit weight and the weight of the processing target in the agitation tank 2 a measured by the measuring device 3. Receiving data, further extracting necessary data from the database, performing arithmetic processing, calculating the amount of microorganisms, water, and nutrients suitable for the processing target, and based on the calculation results, the first control unit 5 and the second control unit 8 It can be configured to control.

こうして撹拌装置２の撹拌槽２ａ内に収容された処理対象である土壌は、不足する量の微生物、水、栄養素が供給された後、撹拌装置２の駆動下、撹拌される。所定時間撹拌した後、処理対象は撹拌槽から運び出され、養生スペースに積まれて養生に供される。なお、撹拌時間は、土壌の種類にもよるが、長すぎると微生物が死んでしまうことがあるため、３０分以下程度であることが好ましい。なお、本システムにより、粘土質土壌のように比較的撹拌されにくい土壌であっても、数分で十分に撹拌できることが確認されている。また、撹拌による物理的ショックにより微生物が死ぬ場合があるため、微生物が出来るだけ耐え得る撹拌速度で撹拌することが望ましい。   Thus, the soil to be treated housed in the agitation tank 2 a of the agitation device 2 is agitated under the drive of the agitation device 2 after supplying insufficient amounts of microorganisms, water, and nutrients. After stirring for a predetermined time, the object to be treated is carried out of the stirring tank, loaded in the curing space, and used for curing. The stirring time depends on the type of soil, but if it is too long, the microorganisms may die, so it is preferably about 30 minutes or less. In addition, it has been confirmed by this system that even a soil that is relatively difficult to stir, such as clay soil, can be sufficiently stirred in a few minutes. In addition, since microorganisms may die due to physical shock due to stirring, it is desirable to stir at a stirring speed that can withstand microorganisms as much as possible.

図３は、他の実施形態の概要を示すシステム構成図である。図３のシステムは、ＤＮＡ量を定量するためのＤＮＡ抽出装置１１が配置されている。ＤＮＡ抽出装置は、公知の装置を使用することができ、例えば、特開２００４−３３７０２７号に開示された装置を使用することができる。ＤＮＡ抽出装置１１は、制御装置１０とデータ通信可能に接続されることができるが、分離した状態、即ち、データ通信不能に配置することもできる。   FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram showing an outline of another embodiment. In the system of FIG. 3, a DNA extraction device 11 for quantifying the amount of DNA is arranged. As the DNA extraction apparatus, a known apparatus can be used, for example, an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-337027 can be used. The DNA extraction device 11 can be connected to the control device 10 so as to be able to perform data communication, but can also be arranged in a separated state, that is, incapable of data communication.

ＤＮＡ抽出装置１１によって得られたＤＮＡ定量値に関する情報に基づき、制御装置１０は、微生物量処理対象に必要な微生物量を算出し、該算出結果に基づいて第１制御部５を制御するように構成され得る。   Based on the information regarding the DNA quantitative value obtained by the DNA extraction device 11, the control device 10 calculates the amount of microorganisms necessary for the microorganism amount processing target, and controls the first control unit 5 based on the calculation result. Can be configured.

以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内において種々の変更が可能である。   The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

例えば、上記実施形態では、汚染土壌を浄化する例について説明したが、痩せた農地の肥沃な土地への改良、都市ゴミや下水汚泥などを発酵腐熟させた肥料（コンポスト）の製造、活性汚泥処理等にも適用可能である。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example of purifying contaminated soil has been described. However, improvement of thin farmland to fertile land, production of fertilizer (compost) fermented and matured from municipal waste, sewage sludge, etc., activated sludge treatment The present invention can also be applied.

また、撹拌装置は、処理対象に応じて種々の形式のものを採用することができ、パドル、リボン、スクリュー等の適宜形状を有する撹拌翼を採用したミキサー、ニーダー、アジテーター等の撹拌槽が固定で撹拌翼を回転駆動する形式、或いは、撹拌槽自体が回転する容器回転形の形式、若しくは、それらを組み合わせたものの他、例えば、活性汚泥処理装置の曝気槽でエアレーションにより撹拌するもの等を採用することができる。   In addition, various types of stirring devices can be adopted depending on the object to be treated, and stirring tanks such as mixers, kneaders, agitators, etc. that employ stirring blades having appropriate shapes such as paddles, ribbons, and screws are fixed. In addition to the type in which the agitating blade is driven to rotate, the type in which the agitation tank itself rotates, or a combination of these, for example, an aeration tank in an activated sludge treatment device that is agitated by aeration, etc. can do.

さらに、微生物タンクには、液体に限らず、システムの用途等に応じて、微生物を高濃度で混入させた土、硅砂に微生物を土着させた製剤のような粉末状のもの、或いは活性汚泥（フロック）等を収容する構成とすることもでき、微生物供給手段は、微生物タンクへの収容対象を適切に搬送し供給し得る、例えばスクリューコンベア等の公知の供給手段を採用することができる。   Furthermore, the microbial tank is not limited to liquids, depending on the application of the system, etc., soil in which microorganisms are mixed at a high concentration, powdered products such as formulations in which microorganisms are indwelled in dredged sand, or activated sludge ( The microorganism supply means can employ known supply means such as a screw conveyor that can appropriately convey and supply the object to be stored in the microorganism tank.

また、処理対象が液状をしている場合には、計量器として重量計に代えて流量計を採用し、処理対象の体積を計量し、体積値に基づいて、供給する微生物量を制御することもできる。   In addition, when the processing target is liquid, a flow meter is used instead of the weight meter as a measuring instrument, the volume of the processing target is measured, and the amount of microorganisms to be supplied is controlled based on the volume value. You can also.

また、処理対象の土壌が既に十分な量の水分を含んでいる場合、或いは処理対象が水分を必要としない場合等には、水タンクを省略することもでき、栄養素を既に含んでいる場合や栄養素を必要としない場合等には栄養素の添加を省くこともできる。   In addition, when the soil to be treated already contains a sufficient amount of moisture, or when the treatment target does not require moisture, the water tank can be omitted, and when the soil already contains nutrients, When nutrients are not required, addition of nutrients can be omitted.

本発明に係るシステムの一実施形態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the system which concerns on this invention. ＤＡＰＩ法による微生物量とＤＮＡ量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the amount of microorganisms by a DAPI method, and the amount of DNA. 本発明に係るシステムの他の実施形態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows other embodiment of the system which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 微生物タンク
２ 撹拌装置
２ａ 攪拌槽
３ 計量器
４ 微生物供給手段
５ 第１制御部
６ 水タンク
７ 水供給手段
８ 第２制御部
１０ 制御装置
１１ ＤＮＡ抽出装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microorganism tank 2 Agitation apparatus 2a Agitation tank 3 Metering device 4 Microorganism supply means 5 1st control part 6 Water tank 7 Water supply means 8 2nd control part 10 Control apparatus 11 DNA extraction apparatus

Claims (8)

撹拌槽内に処理対象を収容し、その収容量を計量するステップと、
前記処理対象の計量値に見合う量の微生物を、単位量当たりの処理対象中に必要な予め試験により得られた微生物の適正量と前記計量値とに基づいて、前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するステップと、
前記撹拌槽内で前記処理対象を撹拌し、前記供給された微生物を処理対象中に分散させるステップとを含み、
前記処理対象の計量値に見合う微生物の量は、前記撹拌槽での撹拌後の処理対象からサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの微生物量であって撹拌により死滅した微生物量に前記計量値を乗算することにより算出される微生物量が更に加算されることを特徴とする、バイオレメディエーションのための方法。 Storing the object to be processed in the stirring tank and measuring the amount of the storage;
Based on the appropriate amount of microorganisms obtained by a preliminary test necessary for the processing target per unit amount and the measured value, the amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value of the processing target is determined as the processing target in the stirring tank. Supplying step;
Stirring the processing target in the agitation tank, seen including a step of dispersing the supplied microorganisms during processing target,
The amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value of the object to be treated is the amount of microorganisms per unit amount in the sample sampled from the treated object after stirring in the stirring tank, and the amount of microorganisms killed by stirring is multiplied by the measured value. A method for bioremediation, wherein the amount of microorganisms calculated by adding is further added . 前記供給される微生物が処理対象中の土着微生物と同種の微生物であり、前記処理対象の計量値に見合う微生物の量は、処理対象から予めサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの土着微生物量を、単位量当たりの処理対象中に必要な予め試験により得られた土着微生物と同種の微生物の適正量から差し引いた微生物量に、前記計量値を乗算することにより算出されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の方法。   The microorganism to be supplied is a microorganism of the same kind as the indigenous microorganism to be treated, and the amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value of the treatment object is the amount of indigenous microorganisms per unit amount in a sample sampled in advance from the object to be treated. It is calculated by multiplying the amount of microorganisms by the amount of microorganisms subtracted from the appropriate amount of microorganisms of the same type as the indigenous microorganisms obtained in advance in the processing target per unit amount. The method according to 1. ＤＮＡ量を定量することにより微生物量を求めることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the amount of microorganisms is determined by quantifying the amount of DNA. 前記処理対象が土壌であり、
処理前の処理対象の水分を測定するステップと、
前記測定された処理前の処理対象の水分と、単位量当たりの処理対象において微生物に必要な予め試験により得られた水分と、処理対象の前記計量値とから、前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に不足する水の量を算出するステップと、該不足する量の水を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するステップと、を更に有することを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れかに記載の方法。 The treatment target is soil,
Measuring the moisture content of the object to be treated before treatment;
From the measured moisture of the processing target before processing, the moisture obtained by a pre-test necessary for microorganisms in the processing target per unit amount, and the measured value of the processing target, to the processing target in the stirring tank The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a step of calculating an amount of insufficient water; and a step of supplying the insufficient amount of water to a processing target in the stirring tank. Method. 前記処理対象に供給する水中に、微生物の栄養素が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 4 , wherein microbial nutrients are contained in the water supplied to the treatment target. 微生物を貯蔵する微生物タンクと、
処理対象を撹拌槽に受け入れて撹拌する撹拌装置と、
前記撹拌装置に供給される処理対象の供給量を計量する計量器と、
前記微生物タンクから微生物を前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給する微生物供給手段と、
前記微生物供給手段によって前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給される微生物の供給量を制御する第１制御部と、
前記計量器による計量値に基づいて前記第１制御部を制御し、該計量値に見合う量の微生物を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給する制御装置とを有し、
前記計量値に見合う微生物の供給量は、前記撹拌装置で撹拌した後の処理対象からサンプリングした試料中の単位量当たりの微生物量であって撹拌により死滅した微生物量に前記計量値を乗算することにより算出される微生物量が更に加算されることを特徴とする、バイオレメディエーションのためのシステム。 A microorganism tank for storing microorganisms;
An agitation device for receiving the object to be treated in the agitation tank and agitating;
A measuring instrument for measuring a supply amount to be processed supplied to the stirring device;
Microorganism supply means for supplying microorganisms from the microorganism tank to the stirring tank of the stirring device;
A first control unit for controlling a supply amount of microorganisms supplied to the stirring tank of the stirring device by the microorganism supply means;
On the basis of the weight value with meter controls the first controller, possess a supply control microorganisms in an amount commensurate with the metering value to be processed in the stirring tank,
The supply amount of microorganisms corresponding to the measured value is the amount of microorganisms per unit amount in the sample sampled from the processing target after stirring with the stirring device, and the amount of microorganisms killed by stirring is multiplied by the measured value. A system for bioremediation, characterized in that the amount of microorganisms calculated by the above is further added . 水タンクと、前記水タンクから前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に水を供給する水供給手段と、前記水供給手段によって前記撹拌装置の撹拌槽に供給される水の供給量を制御する第２制御部と、を更に有し、前記制御装置は、前記計量器による計量値に基づいて前記第２制御部をも制御し、該計量値に見合う量の水を前記撹拌槽内の処理対象に供給するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項６に記載のシステム。 A water tank, water supply means for supplying water from the water tank to the stirring tank of the stirring device, and a second control unit for controlling the amount of water supplied to the stirring tank of the stirring device by the water supply means The control device also controls the second control unit based on the measured value by the measuring instrument, and supplies a water amount corresponding to the measured value to the processing target in the stirring tank. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the system is configured as follows. 処理対象の所定量中のＤＮＡ量を定量するＤＮＡ抽出装置を更に有し、前記制御装置は、該ＤＮＡ抽出装置の定量結果に基づいて前記第１制御部を制御するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項６又は７に記載のシステム。 The apparatus further includes a DNA extraction device that quantifies the amount of DNA in a predetermined amount to be processed, and the control device is configured to control the first control unit based on a quantification result of the DNA extraction device. The system according to claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that
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