JP4917321B2 - Drill head manufacturing method - Google Patents

Drill head manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP4917321B2
JP4917321B2 JP2006037627A JP2006037627A JP4917321B2 JP 4917321 B2 JP4917321 B2 JP 4917321B2 JP 2006037627 A JP2006037627 A JP 2006037627A JP 2006037627 A JP2006037627 A JP 2006037627A JP 4917321 B2 JP4917321 B2 JP 4917321B2
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head
manufacturing
cylindrical body
drill head
shank
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JP2007216322A (en
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倬司 野村
誠 酒井
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Unitac Inc
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Description

本発明は、被削材を穿孔するドリルの工具シャンクの先端に着脱自在に装着するドリルヘッド、特にヘッド本体の切刃取付座に切刃チップをロウ付けする形態のドリルヘッドの製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a drill head that is detachably attached to the tip of a tool shank of a drill for drilling a work material, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a drill head in which a cutting edge tip is brazed to a cutting edge mounting seat of a head body.

この種ドリルヘッドは、例えば図1(A)(B)に示すように、前端面に大小扇形に開口した切屑流入口11,12の共通径方向の縁壁11a,12aに沿って切刃3A〜3Cを設けた略円筒形のヘッド本体1と、外周面のやや後部寄りの領域に雄ねじ21を刻設した円筒状のねじシャンク2とで構成され、ドリルの中空状をなす工具シャンク(図示省略)の先端にねじシャンク2を螺合して着脱自在に装着するようになっている。そして、ヘッド本体1及びねじシャンク2の内側が切屑流入口11,12に連通する切屑排出路10をなし、切削加工の際に発生する切屑は、切削穴と工具シャンクとの間隙を通して切削部位へ供給されるクーラントと共に、該切屑排出路10より工具シャンクの中空内部を経て外部へ排出される。   For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), this type of drill head has a cutting edge 3A along edge walls 11a and 12a in the common radial direction of chip inlets 11 and 12 opened in a large and small sector shape on the front end face. A tool shank (illustrated) comprising a substantially cylindrical head body 1 provided with 3C and a cylindrical screw shank 2 in which a male screw 21 is engraved in an area slightly rearward of the outer peripheral surface. The screw shank 2 is screwed onto the tip of (omitted) and is detachably mounted. The inside of the head body 1 and the screw shank 2 forms a chip discharge passage 10 that communicates with the chip inlets 11 and 12, and chips generated during the cutting process pass through the gap between the cutting hole and the tool shank to the cutting site. Along with the supplied coolant, it is discharged from the chip discharge passage 10 to the outside through the hollow inside of the tool shank.

しかして、切刃3A〜3Cは、鋼製のヘッド本体1の前記縁壁11a,12aに凹設した切刃取付座13a〜13cに、超硬合金からなる切刃チップ30a〜30cをロウ付けして形成されている。また、ヘッド本体1の外周面には、その前部側に凹設されたパッド取付座14に、超硬合金からなる軸方向に長いガイドパッド4,4がロウ付けされると共に、後部側の径方向対向位置に、軸方向に沿うチャッキング用の溝部15,15が形成されている。   Thus, the cutting blades 3A to 3C are brazed with cutting blade tips 30a to 30c made of cemented carbide to the cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c that are recessed in the edge walls 11a and 12a of the head body 1 made of steel. Is formed. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the head main body 1, axially long guide pads 4 and 4 made of cemented carbide are brazed to a pad mounting seat 14 which is recessed on the front side thereof, and on the rear side. Chucking grooves 15 and 15 along the axial direction are formed at radially opposed positions.

従来、このようなドリルヘッドの製造においては、ヘッド本体1とねじシャンク2とを別個に製作し、その両者を溶接一体化するのが一般的であった。すなわち、ヘッド本体1は鋳造等によって図4の如く切刃取付座13a〜13c及びパッド取付座14,14を有する形態のものを製作する一方、円筒材の切削加工及びねじ切りによってねじシャンク2を製作し、図5に示すように、ヘッド本体1の取付座13a〜13c、14,14に切刃チップ30a〜30c及びガイドパッド4,4をロウ付けした上で、該ヘッド本体1の後端にねじシャンク2の前端を同心状に溶接している。   Conventionally, in manufacturing such a drill head, it is common to separately manufacture the head main body 1 and the screw shank 2 and to integrate them both by welding. That is, the head body 1 is manufactured by casting or the like and having a configuration having cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c and pad mounting seats 14 and 14 as shown in FIG. 4, while a screw shank 2 is manufactured by cutting and threading a cylindrical material. As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting blade tips 30 a to 30 c and the guide pads 4 and 4 are brazed to the mounting seats 13 a to 13 c, 14, and 14 of the head body 1, and the head body 1 is attached to the rear end. The front end of the screw shank 2 is welded concentrically.

しかしながら、上記従来の製造方法では、ヘッド本体1とねじシャンク2との溶接に伴う熱歪みにより、真円に仕上げていたねじシャンク2が楕円状に変形し易く、その変形量が100μmに達することも多々あり、そのために得られたドリルヘッドによる加工精度が低下するという問題があった。また、切刃チップ30a〜30cはロウ付けであるため、刃先の位置精度がでにくく、特に中心部の切刃3Aがヘッド軸心からずれた場合に、切削性能の低下に繋がるという難点もあった。なお、刃先精度は後加工による切削で修正することも不可能ではないが、操作的に非常に困難である上、工数が増えて製作コストの大幅な上昇を招くことになる。   However, in the above-described conventional manufacturing method, the screw shank 2 finished in a perfect circle is easily deformed into an ellipse due to thermal distortion accompanying welding of the head body 1 and the screw shank 2, and the amount of deformation reaches 100 μm. However, there is a problem that the processing accuracy by the drill head obtained is lowered. Further, since the cutting edge tips 30a to 30c are brazed, the position accuracy of the cutting edge is difficult to achieve, and particularly when the center cutting edge 3A is displaced from the head axis, there is a problem that the cutting performance is deteriorated. It was. Although it is not impossible to correct the blade edge accuracy by post-processing cutting, it is very difficult to operate and the man-hours increase, resulting in a significant increase in production cost.

本発明は、上述の情況に鑑み、この種ドリルヘッドとして、高い寸法精度及び刃先精度を備えたものを容易に且つ低コストで確実に製造する方法を提供することを目的としている。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily and reliably manufacturing such a drill head having high dimensional accuracy and cutting edge accuracy at low cost.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項1に係るドリルヘッドの製造方法は、図面の参照符号を付して示せば、ヘッド本体及び工具シャンク連結用のねじシャンク2の内側が切屑排出路10を構成し、ヘッド本体1の前端面に該切屑排出路10に連通する切屑流入口11,12が開口したドリルヘッドの製造方法において、ヘッド本体1の切屑流入口11,12に臨んで凹設した切刃取付座13a〜13cに切刃チップ30a〜30cをロウ付けし、このヘッド本体1の後端に、ねじシャンク2とする円筒体20を同心状に溶接一体化する際、ロウ付けにて生じた中心部の切刃チップ30aのヘッド本体1の軸心からのずれに対応して、前記ヘッド本体1と円筒体20との軸心をずらすことにより、該中心部の切刃チップ30aがねじシャンク2の軸心に合致するように調整して溶接一体化したのち、該円筒体20の内外周を所定の内外径となるまで真円に回転切削することにより、溶接にて生じた歪み変形を解消し、次いで該円筒体20のねじ形成側周面(外周面20a)のねじ切りによってねじシャンク2に仕上げ加工することを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, the drill head manufacturing method according to claim 1 of the present invention is shown by attaching reference numerals in the drawings, and the inside of the head body 1 and the screw shank 2 for connecting the tool shank is chipped. In the manufacturing method of the drill head which comprises the discharge path 10 and the chip inflow ports 11 and 12 communicating with the chip discharge path 10 are opened on the front end surface of the head main body 1, the chip inflow faces the chip inflow ports 11 and 12 of the head main body 1. When the cutting blade tips 30a to 30c are brazed to the cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c that are recessed in the above , and the cylindrical body 20 serving as the screw shank 2 is welded and integrated concentrically with the rear end of the head body 1. in response to the deviation from the axis of the head body 1 of the cutting edge tip 30a of the central portion generated by brazing, by Succoth shifted the axis of the head body 1 and the cylindrical body 20, the said central portion Cutting edge tip 30a is screw Distortion deformation caused by welding by rotating and cutting the inner and outer peripheries of the cylindrical body 20 into a perfect circle until the inner and outer peripheries of the cylindrical body 20 reach a predetermined inner and outer diameter after adjustment so as to match the axis of the tank 2 and welding integration. Then , the thread shank 2 is finished by threading the thread-forming peripheral surface (outer peripheral surface 20a) of the cylindrical body 20 .

請求項2の発明は、上記請求項1のドリルヘッドの製造方法において、ねじ切りによって円筒体20の外周面20aに雄ねじ21を形成する構成としている。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the drill head manufacturing method of the first aspect, the male screw 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 20a of the cylindrical body 20 by threading.

請求項3の発明は、上記請求項1又は2のドリルヘッドの製造方法において、ヘッド本体1が鋼製であり、切刃チップ30a〜30cが超硬合金からなる構成としている。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the drill head manufacturing method according to the first or second aspect, the head body 1 is made of steel, and the cutting edge tips 30a to 30c are made of cemented carbide.

請求項1の発明に係るドリルヘッドの製造方法では、ヘッド本体に対し、工具シャンク連結用のねじシャンクとする部分を未加工の円筒体の状態で溶接し、この溶接後の該円筒体の切削とねじ切りによってねじシャンクに仕上げることから、溶接に伴う熱歪みが不可避であっても、生じた歪み変形は該円筒体の切削とねじ切りの際に完全に解消される。また、切刃チップのロウ付けによって刃先精度が低下し、中心部の切刃がヘッド本体の軸心からずれても、溶接の際にヘッド本体と円筒体の軸心をずらすことにより、該切刃がヘッド軸心つまりねじシャンクの軸心に合致するように容易に調整できる。従って、この製造方法によれば、高い寸法精度及び刃先精度を備え、これらに基づいて優れた加工精度及び加工性能を発揮し得るドリルヘッドが容易に且つ低コストで確実に得られる。   In the drill head manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the present invention, a portion to be a screw shank for connecting a tool shank is welded to the head body in an unprocessed cylindrical state, and the cylindrical body is cut after the welding. Since the thread shank is finished by threading, even if thermal strain accompanying welding is unavoidable, the generated strain deformation is completely eliminated when the cylindrical body is cut and threaded. In addition, even if the cutting edge tip is brazed and the cutting edge accuracy is lowered and the center cutting edge is displaced from the axis of the head body, the cutting center is shifted by shifting the axis between the head body and the cylindrical body during welding. The blade can be easily adjusted to match the head axis, that is, the axis of the screw shank. Therefore, according to this manufacturing method, a drill head that has high dimensional accuracy and cutting edge accuracy and can exhibit excellent processing accuracy and processing performance can be easily and reliably obtained at low cost.

請求項2の発明によれば、上記のドリルヘッドとして、ねじシャンクが外ねじ型で、ドリルの工具シャンクの先端に螺挿して装着するタイプのものを製造できる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, as the above-described drill head, a screw shank having an external screw type, which can be screwed into the tip of the tool shank of the drill, can be manufactured.

請求項3の発明によれば、上記のドリルヘッドとして、鋼製のヘッド本体に超硬合金からなる切刃チップを取り付けたものを製造できる。   According to the invention of claim 3, as the above-mentioned drill head, it is possible to manufacture a steel head body with a cutting edge tip made of cemented carbide.

以下、本発明に係るドリルヘッドの製造方法の一実施形態について、図2〜図4を参照して具体的に説明する。なお、本実施形態では、既述の図1で示したものと同じ構造のドリルヘッドを製造対象とし、その構成各部には図1と共通の符号を付している。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a drill head according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, a drill head having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 1 described above is a manufacturing target, and the components common to those in FIG.

このドリルヘッドの製造方法では、ヘッド本体1の製作については従来と同様であり、鋳造等によって図4の如く切刃取付座13a〜13c及びパッド取付座14,14を有する形態のものを製作する。すなわち、このヘッド本体1は、全体が略短円筒形をなし、前端面には内側の切屑排出路10に連通する大小扇形の切屑流入口11,12が開口し、両切屑流入口11,12が共通径方向の縁壁11a,12aを有し、その縁壁11a側には中心と外側の切刃取付座13a,13cが、縁壁12a側には中間の切刃取付座13bが、それぞれ凹設されると共に、外周面の前部側の2か所には軸方向に長い凹部をなすパッド取付座14,14が、同外周面の後部側の径方向対向位置には軸方向に沿うチャッキング用の溝部15,15が、それぞれ形成されている。   In this drill head manufacturing method, the head body 1 is manufactured in the same manner as in the prior art, and the head body 1 having a configuration having cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c and pad mounting seats 14 and 14 as shown in FIG. . That is, the head main body 1 has a substantially short cylindrical shape as a whole, and large and small fan-shaped chip inlets 11 and 12 communicating with the inner chip discharge passage 10 are opened on the front end surface. Has edge walls 11a and 12a in the common radial direction, the edge wall 11a side has center and outer cutting edge mounting seats 13a and 13c, and the edge wall 12a side has intermediate cutting edge mounting seats 13b. The pad mounting seats 14 and 14 that are recessed and have long recesses in the axial direction at two locations on the front side of the outer peripheral surface are along the axial direction at radially opposite positions on the rear side of the outer peripheral surface. Chucking grooves 15 and 15 are formed, respectively.

そして、図2(A)に示すように、上記のヘッド本体1には予め、切刃取付座13a〜13cに超硬合金からなる切刃チップ30a〜30cを、またパッド取付座14,14に同じく超硬合金からなるガイドパッド15,15を、それぞれロウ付けしておく。しかるに、この製造方法では、ねじシャンク2〔図1(B)参照〕側については、その原材である円筒体20をそのまま用い、この前端面を前記ロウ付け後のヘッド本体1の後端面に図2(B)の如く溶接する。なお、この円筒体20は、目的とするねじシャンク2に対し、外径が大きく、且つ内径は小さくなっている。   As shown in FIG. 2A, the head body 1 is previously provided with cutting blade tips 30a to 30c made of cemented carbide on the cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c and pad mounting seats 14 and 14, respectively. Similarly, guide pads 15 and 15 made of cemented carbide are brazed respectively. However, in this manufacturing method, on the side of the screw shank 2 (see FIG. 1B), the cylindrical body 20 as the raw material is used as it is, and this front end face is used as the rear end face of the head body 1 after brazing. Weld as shown in FIG. The cylindrical body 20 has a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter than the target screw shank 2.

次に、上記溶接によってヘッド本体1に一体化した円筒体20の外周20a及び内周20bを所定の内外径になるまで真円に回転切削し、更に外周側にねじ切りを施すことにより、図3に示すようにねじシャンク2に仕上げる。この仕上げ加工は、ヘッド本体1側の溝部15,15を利用して全体をチャッキングし、常法に準じ、ワーク側又は仕上げ工具側の回転と軸方向相対移動によって容易に行える。なお、図3では、元の円筒体20の断面を仮想線で示しており、実線で示す断面との差だけ切削及びねじ切りの仕上げ加工で薄肉化したことになる。   Next, the outer circumference 20a and the inner circumference 20b of the cylindrical body 20 integrated with the head main body 1 by the above-mentioned welding are rotationally cut into a perfect circle until reaching a predetermined inner and outer diameter, and further, the outer circumferential side is threaded, whereby FIG. The thread shank 2 is finished as shown in FIG. This finishing can be easily performed by chucking the whole using the grooves 15 and 15 on the head main body 1 side, and rotating and moving in the axial direction relative to the workpiece side or the finishing tool side according to a conventional method. In FIG. 3, the cross section of the original cylindrical body 20 is indicated by phantom lines, and the difference in thickness from the cross section indicated by the solid lines is reduced by cutting and threading finishing.

このような製造方法では、ヘッド本体1に円筒体20を溶接した際、その入熱に伴う不可避の熱歪みが生じるが、その歪み変形は該円筒体20をねじシャンク2に仕上げるための後加工となる内外周面20b,20aの切削による真円化とねじ切りによって完全に解消される。なお、後加工の切削とねじ切りでも機械的応力による歪みを生じるが、その値は大きくても10μm程度であり、溶接時の熱歪みに比べて一桁小さい。また、切刃3A〜3Cは切刃チップ30a〜30cのロウ付けによって形成するため、接合界面にロウ材が介在する分、刃先精度を厳密に設定することは不可能であるが、切削性能を左右する中心部の切刃3Aがヘッド本体1の軸心からずれても、溶接の際にヘッド本体1と円筒体20の軸心をずらすことにより、該切刃3Aがヘッド軸心つまりねじシャンク2の軸心に合致するように容易に調整できる。   In such a manufacturing method, when the cylindrical body 20 is welded to the head main body 1, inevitable thermal distortion occurs due to the heat input, and the distortion deformation is a post-processing for finishing the cylindrical body 20 into the screw shank 2. The inner and outer peripheral surfaces 20b and 20a are completely eliminated by rounding and threading. In addition, although distortion due to mechanical stress occurs even in post-processing cutting and threading, the value is about 10 μm at most, which is an order of magnitude smaller than the thermal strain during welding. Further, since the cutting blades 3A to 3C are formed by brazing the cutting blade tips 30a to 30c, it is impossible to set the cutting edge accuracy strictly because the brazing material is interposed at the joining interface, but the cutting performance is not improved. Even if the center cutting edge 3A is displaced from the axis of the head body 1, the cutting edge 3A is displaced from the axis of the head body 1 and the cylindrical body 20 during welding, so that the cutting edge 3A becomes the head axis, that is, the screw shank. It can be easily adjusted to match the two axes.

従って、この製造方法によれば、ドリルヘッドとして、高い寸法精度及び刃先精度を備え、これらに基づいて優れた加工精度及び加工性能を発揮し得るものが容易に且つ低コストで確実に得られる。   Therefore, according to this manufacturing method, a drill head having high dimensional accuracy and cutting edge accuracy and capable of exhibiting excellent processing accuracy and processing performance can be easily and reliably obtained at low cost.

上述した実施形態ではヘッド本体1に中心、中間、外側の3つの切刃3A〜3Cを有するドリルヘッドを例示したが、本発明は切刃数が1つ、2つ、4つ以上の何れのドリルヘッドの製造にも適用できる。また、切刃チップについては、鋼製のヘッド本体1には例示した超硬合金からなるものが推奨されるが、ヘッド本体に対してロウ付け可能な他の工具材料からなるものでもよい。   In the embodiment described above, the drill head having three cutting edges 3A to 3C in the center, the middle, and the outside is exemplified in the head body 1, but the present invention has any number of cutting edges of 1, 2, 4, or more. It can also be applied to the manufacture of drill heads. As for the cutting edge tip, the steel head main body 1 made of the exemplified cemented carbide is recommended, but may be made of other tool materials that can be brazed to the head main body.

ねじシャンク2については、例示した外ねじタイプの他に、内周面に雌ねじを備えて工具シャンク部の先端に外嵌螺合させる内ねじタイプのものもあり、いずれにも本発明の製造方法を適用可能である。しかして、上述した実施形態では溶接後の円筒体20の内外周20b,20aの両方を切削するようにしているが、加工精度には工具シャンク部に対する螺合部分の寸法精度が影響するため、少なくとも該円筒体20のねじ形成側周面を切削する必要がある。   As for the screw shank 2, in addition to the illustrated external thread type, there is also an internal thread type that includes an internal thread on the inner peripheral surface and that is externally screwed onto the tip of the tool shank, both of which are the manufacturing method of the present invention. Is applicable. In the embodiment described above, both the inner and outer circumferences 20b and 20a of the cylindrical body 20 after welding are cut. However, since the dimensional accuracy of the screwed portion with respect to the tool shank portion affects the processing accuracy, At least the thread forming side peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 20 needs to be cut.

本発明の製造方法を適用するドリルヘッドの一例を示し、(A)は平面図、(B)は正面図である。An example of the drill head which applies the manufacturing method of this invention is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is a front view. 本発明による同ドリルヘッドの製造手順を示し、(A)はヘッド本体と円筒体の溶接前の正面図、(B)は同溶接後の正面図である。The manufacturing procedure of the drill head by this invention is shown, (A) is the front view before welding of a head main body and a cylindrical body, (B) is the front view after the welding. 同ドリルヘッドの製造後の一部縦断正面図である。It is a partially longitudinal front view after manufacture of the drill head. 同ドリルヘッドのヘッド本体を示し、(A)は平面図、(B)は正面図である。The head main body of the drill head is shown, (A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view. 従来の製造方法による同ドリルヘッドのヘッド本体と円筒体の溶接前の正面図である。It is a front view before welding of the head main body and cylindrical body of the drill head by the conventional manufacturing method.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ヘッド本体
10 切屑排出路
11,12 切屑流入口
11a,12a 縁壁
13a〜13c 切刃取付座
2 ねじシャンク
20 円筒体
20a 外周面
20b 内周面
21 雄ねじ
3A〜3C 切刃
30a〜30c 切刃チップ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head main body 10 Chip discharge path 11,12 Chip inflow port 11a, 12a Edge wall 13a-13c Cutting blade mounting seat 2 Screw shank 20 Cylindrical body 20a Outer peripheral surface 20b Inner peripheral surface 21 Male screw 3A-3C Cutting blade 30a-30c Cutting blade Chip

Claims (3)

ヘッド本体及び工具シャンク連結用のねじシャンクの内側が切屑排出路を構成し、ヘッド本体の前端面に該切屑排出路に連通する切屑流入口が開口したドリルヘッドの製造方法において、
ヘッド本体の前記切屑流入口に臨んで凹設した切刃取付座に切刃チップをロウ付けし、このヘッド本体の後端に、前記ねじシャンクとする円筒体を同心状に溶接一体化する際、前記ロウ付けにて生じた中心部の切刃チップのヘッド本体の軸心からのずれに対応して、前記ヘッド本体と前記円筒体との軸心をずらすことにより、該中心部の切刃チップが前記ねじシャンクの軸心に合致するように調整して溶接一体化したのち、該円筒体の内外周を所定の内外径となるまで真円に回転切削することにより、前記溶接にて生じた歪み変形を解消し、次いで該円筒体のねじ形成側周面のねじ切りによってねじシャンクに仕上げ加工することを特徴とするドリルヘッドの製造方法。
In the manufacturing method of the drill head in which the inside of the screw shank for connecting the head body and the tool shank constitutes a chip discharge path, and a chip inlet opening communicating with the chip discharge path is opened on the front end surface of the head body.
When a cutting blade tip is brazed to a cutting blade mounting seat that is recessed so as to face the chip inlet of the head body, and the cylindrical body as the screw shank is concentrically welded and integrated with the rear end of the head body. , in response to the deviation from the axis of the head body of the cutting edge tip of the heart caused by the brazing, the Succoth shifted the axis of the cylindrical body and the head main body, switching of the said central portion After the blade tip is adjusted so as to match the axis of the screw shank and integrated with welding, the inner and outer circumferences of the cylindrical body are rotationally cut into a perfect circle until reaching a predetermined inner and outer diameter. A method for manufacturing a drill head, wherein the generated distortion is eliminated, and then a thread shank is finished by threading on a thread forming side peripheral surface of the cylindrical body .
前記のねじ切りによって前記円筒体の外周面に雄ねじを形成する請求項1記載のドリルヘッドの製造方法。   The drill head manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a male screw is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body by the threading. ヘッド本体が鋼製であり、前記の切刃チップが超硬合金からなる請求項1又は2に記載のドリルヘッドの製造方法。   The method of manufacturing a drill head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the head body is made of steel, and the cutting edge tip is made of cemented carbide.
JP2006037627A 2006-02-15 2006-02-15 Drill head manufacturing method Expired - Fee Related JP4917321B2 (en)

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