JP4916922B2 - Coke oven combustion method and combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Coke oven combustion method and combustion apparatus Download PDF

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JP4916922B2
JP4916922B2 JP2007067076A JP2007067076A JP4916922B2 JP 4916922 B2 JP4916922 B2 JP 4916922B2 JP 2007067076 A JP2007067076 A JP 2007067076A JP 2007067076 A JP2007067076 A JP 2007067076A JP 4916922 B2 JP4916922 B2 JP 4916922B2
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秀 江川
修 泉
正彦 横溝
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Nippon Steel Corp
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本発明は、ＣＯＧガスなどの高カロリーガスを燃料とするコークス炉の燃焼室内におけるカーボン付着の抑制と小爆発の抑制の機能を一元管理するコークス炉の燃焼方法および燃焼装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a combustion method and combustion apparatus for a coke oven that centrally manages functions of suppressing carbon adhesion and suppressing small explosions in a combustion chamber of a coke oven that uses high-calorie gas such as COG gas as fuel.

一般にコークス炉は、炉幅方向（炉団方向）に交互に複数列配列した炭化室と燃焼室との対で一つの炉を形成し、通常は５０から１００個の炉が集まって１つの炉団を構成している。そして、各燃焼室は、炉壁（レンガ壁）を介して炭化室と隣接し、炉長方向に２０から４０個の小燃焼室に仕切られており、各小燃焼室の底部は蓄熱室に通じている（特許文献１、図１）。   In general, a coke oven forms one furnace by a pair of carbonization chambers and combustion chambers arranged in a plurality of rows alternately in the furnace width direction (furnace group direction), and usually 50 to 100 furnaces gather to form one furnace. A group is formed. Each combustion chamber is adjacent to the carbonization chamber via a furnace wall (brick wall) and is partitioned into 20 to 40 small combustion chambers in the furnace length direction, and the bottom of each small combustion chamber is a heat storage chamber. (Patent Document 1, FIG. 1).

各小燃焼室には、予熱用蓄熱室で予熱された燃料ガスと空気が供給され、これらの燃焼によって炉壁を通じて両側の炭化室が加熱されて石炭の乾留が行われる。そして、各小燃焼室で生成した排ガスは熱回収用蓄熱室に引き落とされて熱回収され、さらに炉底部に設けられている水平煙道（ソールフリュー）である炉底側ソールフリューに排出された排ガスは炉の前後方に分配されて煙突から大気に排出される。この予熱用蓄熱室と熱回収用蓄熱室は例えば２０分あるいは３０分といった制御周期で交互に切り替えられる。   Each small combustion chamber is supplied with fuel gas and air preheated in the heat storage chamber for preheating, and by these combustion, the carbonization chambers on both sides are heated through the furnace wall, and dry distillation of coal is performed. The exhaust gas generated in each small combustion chamber was drawn down to the heat recovery heat storage chamber and recovered, and further discharged to the furnace bottom side sole flue, which is a horizontal flue (sole flue) provided at the furnace bottom. The exhaust gas is distributed to the front and rear of the furnace and discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere. The heat storage chamber for preheating and the heat storage chamber for heat recovery are alternately switched at a control cycle of, for example, 20 minutes or 30 minutes.

図３は、上述したコークス炉の燃焼装置を示し、小燃焼室２１は、天井壁面との間に隙間を有する仕切壁２２により第１燃焼室部２３と、第２燃焼室部２４とに仕切られている。ここで、一つの小燃焼室２１において区分けされた第１燃焼室部２３に係るものには奇数と、第２燃焼室に係るものには偶数を付して区別し、燃焼に係る場合には燃焼用、排ガスの引落しに係る場合には引落用と付して区別する。   FIG. 3 shows the above-described combustion apparatus for a coke oven, in which the small combustion chamber 21 is divided into a first combustion chamber portion 23 and a second combustion chamber portion 24 by a partition wall 22 having a gap between the ceiling wall surface. It has been. Here, the thing related to the first combustion chamber section 23 divided in one small combustion chamber 21 is distinguished by attaching an odd number and the thing relating to the second combustion chamber by attaching an even number. When it is related to combustion and exhaust gas reduction, it is distinguished from that for withdrawal.

第１燃焼室部２３には、奇数燃料ガス分配管２５からの燃料ガス（ＣＯＧ）が奇数燃料分配管２７を介して供給されると共に、炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９からの燃焼用空気が奇数空気分岐管３１から奇数蓄熱室（不図示）を介して蓄熱室奇数連通孔３３から供給される。第１燃焼室２３に供給された燃料ガスが燃焼用空気と混合して燃焼し、上昇して炉壁を加熱する。   Fuel gas (COG) from the odd fuel gas distribution pipe 25 is supplied to the first combustion chamber section 23 via the odd fuel distribution pipe 27, and combustion air from the furnace bottom side odd sole flue 29 is odd. It is supplied from the air branch pipe 31 through the odd-numbered heat storage chamber 33 (not shown) through the odd-numbered heat storage chamber 33. The fuel gas supplied to the first combustion chamber 23 is mixed with combustion air and combusted, and rises to heat the furnace wall.

そして、燃焼排ガスは仕切壁２２を矢印で示すように迂回し引落し側となる第２燃焼室部２４を経て、蓄熱室偶数連通孔３２から偶数蓄熱室（不図示）を通過し、さらに偶数排ガス分岐管２６を経て炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８に排出される。   The combustion exhaust gas detours the partition wall 22 as indicated by an arrow, passes through the second combustion chamber portion 24 on the drawing side, passes through the even heat storage chamber (not shown) from the heat storage chamber even communication hole 32, and is even. It is discharged to the furnace bottom side even sole flue 28 through the exhaust gas branch pipe 26.

炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９は煙道（不図示）と奇数変更弁３５を介して接続され、同様に炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８も偶数変更弁３０を介して煙道（不図示）に接続されていて、これらの煙道が煙突に接続されている。   The furnace bottom side odd sole flue 29 is connected to a flue (not shown) via an odd number change valve 35, and the furnace bottom side even sole flue 28 is similarly connected to the flue (not shown) via an even number change valve 30. These flues are connected to the chimney.

第１燃焼室部２３が燃焼側に使用されている場合に、奇数変更弁３５は閉状態に維持され、奇数空気コック５３を開状態として炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９より燃焼用空気を第１燃焼室２３に供給させ、第２燃焼室部２４が引落し側に使用されている場合に、偶数用空気コック５４を閉状態とし偶数変更弁３０を開状態として、第２燃焼室部２４からの排ガスを煙突から大気に排出させる。   When the first combustion chamber portion 23 is used on the combustion side, the odd change valve 35 is maintained in the closed state, the odd air cock 53 is opened, and combustion air is first supplied from the furnace bottom side odd sole flue 29. When the second combustion chamber portion 24 is supplied to the combustion chamber 23 and used on the withdrawal side, the even-numbered air cock 54 is closed and the even-number change valve 30 is opened, and the second combustion chamber portion 24 is opened. Exhaust gas from the chimney to the atmosphere.

また、第２燃焼室２４を燃焼用とし、第１燃焼室部２３を引き側として使用した場合には偶数変更弁３０は閉状態に維持され、奇数変更弁３５は開状態となる。   When the second combustion chamber 24 is used for combustion and the first combustion chamber portion 23 is used as the pulling side, the even number change valve 30 is maintained in the closed state, and the odd number change valve 35 is opened.

一方、コークス炉でＣＯＧなどの高カロリーガスを燃料として燃焼させると、燃焼室内のガスバーナー先端およびバーナー内にカーボンが付着し燃焼を阻害する。   On the other hand, when high-calorie gas such as COG is burned as fuel in a coke oven, carbon adheres to the tip of the gas burner in the combustion chamber and the burner, thereby inhibiting combustion.

そして、高カロリーガス燃焼のコークス炉において高稼働率操業を実施した場合、燃焼室内の温度上昇（炉温上昇）に伴いカーボン付着は指数関数的に増加する。   When a high operation rate operation is performed in a high calorie gas combustion coke oven, the carbon adhesion increases exponentially with the temperature rise (furnace temperature rise) in the combustion chamber.

そこで、カーボン付着対策として、引落し側として使用した燃焼室部を燃焼用として使用するために切替える燃焼切替後に引落し側として使用していた燃焼室部に自然吸気による空気導入にて付着カーボンを焼き落とす手法であるスカーフィングが行われている。   Therefore, as a countermeasure against carbon adhesion, the combustion chamber used as the withdrawal side is switched to use for combustion. Scarfing, which is a burning method, is performed.

また、コークス炉において、高カロリーガスを燃料とする燃焼を実施した場合、燃焼切替時にダクト内または配管内にガス溜りが発生し、切替後にスカーフィングを実施した場合、ダクトもしくは配管内にて小爆発を起こし、炉体の煉瓦や機械設備の損傷を招くおそれがある。このため、小爆発対策として、管内への窒素ガスの吹き込み、もしくは圧空吹き込みによるブロー法が行われている。   In addition, when combustion using high-calorie gas as fuel in a coke oven, gas accumulation occurs in the duct or piping when switching to combustion, and when scarfing is performed after switching, a small amount is generated in the duct or piping. There is a risk of explosion and damage to the furnace bricks and machinery. For this reason, as a countermeasure against a small explosion, a blowing method by blowing nitrogen gas into the pipe or blowing compressed air is performed.

図３の燃焼装置では、小爆発対策として圧空吹き込みによるブロー法を用いており、ブロー用ファン４０に接続された送風管４１から圧空吹き込み分岐管４２が分岐し、さらに圧空吹き込み分岐管４２から奇数分岐管４３と偶数分岐管４４とが分岐し、奇数分岐管４３は奇数スカーフィングコック４５を介して、奇数燃料分配管２７に設けた奇数燃料切替コック４７に接続されている。同様に、偶数分岐管４４は、偶数スカーフィングコック４６を介して、偶数燃料分配管４８に設けた偶数燃料切替コック５０に接続されている。   In the combustion apparatus of FIG. 3, a blow method by compressed air blowing is used as a countermeasure against small explosions. The compressed air blowing branch pipe 42 branches from the blower pipe 41 connected to the blower fan 40, and the compressed air blowing branch pipe 42 is an odd number. The branch pipe 43 and the even branch pipe 44 branch, and the odd branch pipe 43 is connected to an odd fuel switching cock 47 provided in the odd fuel distribution pipe 27 via an odd scarfing cock 45. Similarly, the even branch pipe 44 is connected to an even fuel switching cock 50 provided in the even fuel distribution pipe 48 via an even scarfing cock 46.

奇数燃料切替コック４７および偶数燃料切替コック５０は、第１切替位置で燃料ガス分配管と燃焼室部とを連通し、第２切替位置でスカーフィングコックと燃焼室部とを連通する。スカーフィングコックは、第１切替位置で圧空吹き込み分岐管４２と切替コックとを連通し、第２切替位置で切替コックを大気と連通させる。５１は第１燃焼室部２３への燃料ガス流量を調整する燃料ガス用奇数調整コック、５２は第２燃焼室部２４への燃料ガス流量を調整する燃料ガス用偶数調整コック、５５は第１燃焼室部２３への燃焼用空気量を調整する燃焼空気用奇数調整コック、５６は第２燃焼室部２４への燃焼用空気量を調整する燃焼空気用偶数調整コック、５７はファン４０からの送風量あるいは送風圧を調整する送風調整弁である。   The odd fuel switching cock 47 and the even fuel switching cock 50 communicate the fuel gas distribution pipe and the combustion chamber at the first switching position, and communicate the scarfing cock and the combustion chamber at the second switching position. The scarfing cock communicates the compressed air blowing branch pipe 42 and the switching cock at the first switching position, and communicates the switching cock with the atmosphere at the second switching position. 51 is an odd adjustment cock for fuel gas that adjusts the flow rate of fuel gas to the first combustion chamber 23, 52 is an even adjustment cock for fuel gas that adjusts the flow rate of fuel gas to the second combustion chamber 24, and 55 is the first adjustment cock. An odd adjustment cock for combustion air that adjusts the amount of combustion air to the combustion chamber 23, 56 is an even adjustment cock for combustion air that adjusts the amount of combustion air to the second combustion chamber 24, and 57 is from the fan 40. It is a ventilation adjustment valve that adjusts the blowing amount or blowing pressure.

第１燃焼室部２３を燃焼用とし第２燃焼室部２４を引落し用として使用する図３に示す場合、奇数スカーフィングコック４５は第１切替位置とし、偶数スカーフィングコック４６は第２切替位置に切替、偶数スカーフィングコック４６より大気中の空気を自然吸気して第２燃焼室部２４に供給し、カーボンを焼き落とす。その後、偶数スカーフィングコック４５を第１切替位置に切替え、ブロー用ファン４０からの圧気を第２燃焼室部２４に僅かな時間だけ吹き込むことで小爆発対策を行う。
特開平１１−０３５９４４号公報 特開２０００−３５１９７５号公報 When the first combustion chamber portion 23 is used for combustion and the second combustion chamber portion 24 is used for withdrawal, the odd scarfing cock 45 is set to the first switching position, and the even scarfing cock 46 is switched to the second. Switching to the position, the air in the atmosphere is naturally aspirated from the even scarfing cock 46 and supplied to the second combustion chamber 24 to burn off the carbon. Thereafter, the even scarfing cock 45 is switched to the first switching position, and a small explosion countermeasure is taken by blowing the pressure air from the blower fan 40 into the second combustion chamber 24 for a short period of time.
JP 11-035944 A JP 2000-351975 A

ところで、カーボン付着対策のために大気中の空気を自然吸気による空気導入で焼き落とす手法では、コークス炉が高稼働率になると空気量不足が発生し、低稼働率とした場合には必要以上に空気が導入されて熱効率が低下するなど空気量調整が難しい。   By the way, in the method of burning off air in the atmosphere by introducing air by natural intake as a countermeasure against carbon adhesion, when the coke oven reaches a high operating rate, the amount of air shortage occurs. It is difficult to adjust the amount of air because air is introduced and heat efficiency is reduced.

また、小爆発対策として、図３に示すように圧空吹き込みによるブロー法を採用すると、専用の配管ラインと切替コックを必要とし、設備の複雑化を招き、設備費のコスト高を招く。   As a countermeasure against small explosions, if a blow method using compressed air blowing is employed as shown in FIG. 3, a dedicated piping line and a switching cock are required, resulting in complicated equipment and high equipment costs.

本発明は、このような課題に鑑みなされたもので、コークス炉の稼働率に合わせてスカーフィング、小爆発対策用ブローのための空気を供給することができると共に、コックなどの弁類の数を削減できるコークス炉の燃焼方法および燃焼装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and can supply air for scarfing and blow for countermeasures against small explosions in accordance with the operating rate of the coke oven, and the number of valves such as cocks. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion method and a combustion apparatus for a coke oven that can reduce the amount of coal.

本発明は、上記技術的課題を解決するものであり、その発明の要旨とするところは以下の通りである。   The present invention solves the above technical problem, and the gist of the invention is as follows.

１．コークス炉の炉長方向に延びる燃焼室を２つの燃焼室部に区分けした小燃焼室の多数で構成し、前記２つの燃焼室部を交互に燃焼側と引落し側に切替え、高カロリーガスを燃料として燃焼用空気との混合で燃焼を行うコークス炉の燃焼方法において、送風量可変の送風手段からの圧空を引落し側の燃焼室部に導入するスカーフィング前の燃焼切替中に、該送風手段からの圧空を該スカーフィング時よりも多くして前記燃焼側および引落し側燃焼室部の燃料配管系に吹き込むブロー工程を有することを特徴とする。   1. Combustion chamber extending in the length direction of the coke oven is composed of a number of small combustion chambers divided into two combustion chambers. The two combustion chambers are alternately switched between the combustion side and the withdrawal side to generate high calorie gas. In a combustion method of a coke oven in which combustion is performed by mixing with combustion air as fuel, the air blown during the combustion switching before scarfing, where the compressed air from the air blowing means with variable air flow is drawn into the combustion chamber on the side. It is characterized by having a blow process in which the compressed air from the means is made larger than that during the scarfing and is blown into the fuel piping system of the combustion side and the withdrawal side combustion chamber.

２．コークス炉の炉長方向に延びる燃焼室を２つの燃焼室部に区分けした小燃焼室の多数で構成し、前記２つの燃焼室部を交互に燃焼側と引落し側に切替え、各燃焼室部に対応する燃料切替コックの切替により高カロリーガスを燃料として燃焼用空気との混合で燃焼を行うコークス炉の燃焼装置において、送風風量を調節可能な送風手段と、前記送風手段からの圧空を供給する送風管に取り付けた遮断弁と、前記遮断弁から下流側で該送風管より分岐して前記各燃料切替コックにそれぞれ接続された分岐管と、を有し、前記遮断弁を開いて前記送風手段からの圧空を引落し側の燃焼室部に導入するスカーフィング時には、前記燃焼側の燃焼室部と前記分岐管との連通を遮断して燃料の供給を行う第１位置に位置させると共に、前記引落し側の燃料切替コックを前記分岐管と前記引落し側の燃焼室部と連通する第２位置に位置させ、前記スカーフィング前の燃焼切替中に、該遮断弁を開いて該送風手段からの圧空の風量を該スカーフィング時よりも多くして第２位置に位置する前記燃焼側および引落し側の燃料切替コックに向けてブローを吹き込むことを特徴とする。   2. Combustion chamber extending in the length direction of the coke oven is composed of many small combustion chambers divided into two combustion chamber portions, and the two combustion chamber portions are alternately switched between the combustion side and the withdrawal side, and each combustion chamber portion In a combustion apparatus of a coke oven that burns by mixing high-calorie gas as fuel with combustion air by switching the fuel switching cock corresponding to the above, supplying a blowing means capable of adjusting the amount of blowing air and compressed air from the blowing means A shutoff valve attached to the blower pipe, and a branch pipe branched from the blower pipe downstream from the shutoff valve and connected to each of the fuel switching cocks. At the time of scarfing when the compressed air from the means is pulled down and introduced into the combustion chamber portion on the side, the communication between the combustion chamber portion on the combustion side and the branch pipe is cut off and positioned at the first position where fuel is supplied, Fuel on the withdrawal side The replacement cock is positioned at a second position communicating with the branch pipe and the combustion chamber on the draw-down side, and during the combustion switching before the scarfing, the shut-off valve is opened so that the air volume of the compressed air from the blowing means is increased. Blow is blown toward the combustion switching cock and the withdrawal fuel switching cock located at the second position more than at the time of scarfing.

本発明によれば、一つの送風手段により強制通風によるスカーフィングと、小爆発対策ブローの吹き込みを実現することができ、しかも従来の自然吸気法のようにスカーフィング（ＳＦ）コックを不要とするため、設備の簡素化、コスト削減を図ることができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to realize scarfing by forced ventilation and blowing of a small explosion countermeasure blow by a single air blowing means, and also eliminate the need for a scarfing (SF) cock as in the conventional natural suction method. Therefore, the equipment can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

また、送風手段の送風量を可変としているので、コークス炉の稼働率が変動しても、スカーフィングおよび小爆発対策用ブローのための送風量を該稼働率の変動に合わせて増減することができる。   In addition, since the air flow rate of the air blowing means is variable, even if the operating rate of the coke oven fluctuates, the air flow rate for scarfing and blow for countermeasures against small explosions can be increased or decreased in accordance with the fluctuation of the operating rate. it can.

以下本発明を図面に示す実施形態に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

図１は本発明を適用したコークス炉の燃焼装置の一実施形態を示す概略図で、従来例の図３に示す部材と同じ部材には同じ符号を付してその説明を省略する。また、第１燃焼室部２３に係るものには奇数と、第２燃焼室に係るものには偶数を付して区別し、燃焼に係る場合には燃焼用、排ガスの引落しに係る場合には引落用と付して区別する点も従来例の説明と同様である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a combustion apparatus for a coke oven to which the present invention is applied. The same members as those shown in FIG. In addition, an odd number is assigned to those relating to the first combustion chamber section 23 and an even number is assigned to those relating to the second combustion chamber. Is the same as the description of the conventional example in that it is distinguished from that for withdrawal.

図１に示す本実施形態において、インバータ制御により送風空気量を調整可能とするファン１により送風管４１に空気を供給し、途中に遮断弁２を取り付けて空気の供給を停止可能としている。   In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, air is supplied to the blower pipe 41 by the fan 1 that can adjust the amount of blown air by inverter control, and the shutoff valve 2 is attached on the way to stop the supply of air.

送風管４１から分岐している圧空吹き込み分岐管４２からさらに分岐している奇数分岐管４３を３方コックである奇数燃料切替コック４７に接続し、同様に偶数分岐管４４を３方コックである偶数燃料切替コック５０に接続している。図３に示す従来例では、２方コックであるスカーフィングコック４５、４６を用いて自然吸気による空気でスカーフィングを行っていたが、本実施形態では強制通風によりスカーフィングを行っている。   An odd branch pipe 43 further branched from the compressed air blowing branch pipe 42 branched from the blow pipe 41 is connected to an odd fuel switching cock 47 which is a three-way cock, and similarly, the even branch pipe 44 is a three-way cock. The even fuel switching cock 50 is connected. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, the scarfing cocks 45 and 46 that are two-way cocks are used to carry out scarfing with air by natural intake, but in this embodiment, scarfing is performed by forced ventilation.

すなわち、図１において、偶数燃料分配管４８に設けた３方コックである偶数燃料切替コック５０が第２位置（偶数分岐管４４と第２燃焼室部２４とを連通させる切替位置）に切替えられているので、遮断弁２を開状態とすると、ファン１からの圧空が圧空吹き込み分岐管４２から偶数分岐管４４を経て偶数燃料切替コック５０に送られ、第２燃焼室部２４内に強制通風される。   That is, in FIG. 1, the even fuel switching cock 50, which is a three-way cock provided in the even fuel distribution pipe 48, is switched to the second position (a switching position where the even branch pipe 44 and the second combustion chamber portion 24 communicate with each other). Therefore, when the shut-off valve 2 is opened, the pressure air from the fan 1 is sent from the pressure air blowing branch pipe 42 to the even fuel switching cock 50 through the even branch pipe 44 and forced ventilation into the second combustion chamber portion 24. Is done.

スカーフィングは、緩やかな燃焼を行うために、ファン１のインバータ制御により送風量を少なくするように制御する。   The scarfing is controlled so as to reduce the amount of blown air by inverter control of the fan 1 in order to perform gentle combustion.

一方、本実施形態において、ファン１は小爆発対策用のブロー用としても使用する。小爆発対策用のブローは、瞬間的に大きな送風量の空気を引落し側の燃焼室部に供給するため、ファン１のインバータ制御により送風量をスカーフィング時の送風量に比べて大きくするように制御する。その際、遮断弁２を開状態とする。   On the other hand, in this embodiment, the fan 1 is also used for blow for small explosion countermeasures. The blow for small explosion measures instantaneously draws a large amount of air and supplies it to the combustion chamber on the side, so that the amount of air blown by the inverter control of the fan 1 is made larger than the amount of air blown during scarfing. To control. At that time, the shutoff valve 2 is opened.

このように、ファン１の送風量を制御可能とすることで強制通風によるスカーフィングと小爆発対策ブローを同じ配管系により動作可能としており、スカーフィングの動作終了から小爆発対策ブローの開始までの間は遮断弁２を閉状態とすることで、引落し側の燃焼室部中の排ガスが引落し側の燃料分配管から送風管４１へ逆流するのを防止することができる。   In this way, by enabling control of the air flow rate of the fan 1, scarfing by forced ventilation and small explosion countermeasure blow can be operated by the same piping system, from the end of scarfing operation to the start of small explosion countermeasure blow. In the meantime, by closing the shutoff valve 2, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber on the draw-down side from flowing back from the fuel distribution pipe on the draw-down side to the blower pipe 41.

なお、本実施形態では、強制通風によるスカーフィングおよび小爆発対策ブローのファン１の送風量は、ファン１のインバータ制御機能により行う例を示したが、流量制御弁もしくは圧力制御弁を設け、流量または圧力の制御を行うことも可能である。   In the present embodiment, the flow rate of the fan 1 for scarfing by forced ventilation and blow for preventing small explosions is shown by the inverter control function of the fan 1, but a flow rate control valve or a pressure control valve is provided, It is also possible to control the pressure.

また、強制通風によるスカーフィングの送風量の設定は、コークス炉の稼働率に応じて変更するのが好ましい。例えば、高稼働率時は、カーボン付着量が増加するためスカーフィングの送風量を高く設定し、カーボン燃焼のための空気量を増加させ、低稼働率時は、スカーフィングの送風量を低く設定し、必要以上に空気が導入されて熱効率が低下することを防止することが好ましい。   Moreover, it is preferable to change the setting of the amount of air flow for scarfing by forced ventilation according to the operating rate of the coke oven. For example, when the operation rate is high, the carbon deposition amount increases, so the air flow rate for scarfing is set high, and the air flow rate for carbon combustion is increased, and when the operation rate is low, the air flow rate for scarfing is set low. And it is preferable to prevent that air is introduced more than necessary and thermal efficiency falls.

小燃焼室２１の第１燃焼室部２３に対し、奇数用空気コック５３を開として燃焼用空気を供給すると共に、奇数燃料切替コック４７を第１位置に切替えて奇数燃料ガス配管２５よりＣＯＧなどの高カロリーガスを供給して燃料ガスを燃焼させ、排ガスを第２燃焼室部２４の蓄熱室偶数連通孔３２から引落し側蓄熱室を通して炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８に引落す。その際、スカーフィングを行い、第１燃焼室部２３への燃料ガスの供給を停止後、小爆発対策ブロー動作を行う。その後燃焼を第１燃焼室部２３から第２燃焼室部２４へ切替る。なお、第１燃焼室部２３及び第２燃焼室部２４へ供給される燃料ガスの流量は燃料ガス用奇数調整コック５１、燃焼ガス用偶数調整コック５２により調整され、第１燃焼室部２３及び第２燃焼室部２４へ供給される燃焼用空気の流量は燃焼空気用奇数調整コック５５、燃焼空気用偶数調整コック５６により調整される。   The odd-numbered air cock 53 is opened to supply combustion air to the first combustion chamber portion 23 of the small combustion chamber 21, and the odd-numbered fuel switching cock 47 is switched to the first position so that COG or the like is supplied from the odd-numbered fuel gas pipe 25. The high-calorie gas is supplied to burn the fuel gas, and the exhaust gas is drawn down from the heat storage chamber even communication hole 32 of the second combustion chamber 24 and is drawn down to the furnace bottom side even sole flue 28 through the side heat storage chamber. At that time, scarfing is performed, and after the supply of the fuel gas to the first combustion chamber portion 23 is stopped, a small explosion countermeasure blow operation is performed. Thereafter, the combustion is switched from the first combustion chamber portion 23 to the second combustion chamber portion 24. The flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the first combustion chamber portion 23 and the second combustion chamber portion 24 is adjusted by the odd adjustment cock 51 for fuel gas and the even adjustment cock 52 for combustion gas, and the first combustion chamber portion 23 and The flow rate of the combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber section 24 is adjusted by the combustion air odd adjustment cock 55 and the combustion air even adjustment cock 56.

以上の一連の燃焼動作を図２に示すタイミングチャートを参照して以下に説明する。   The above series of combustion operations will be described below with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG.

図２において、ＣＯＧコックの奇数燃焼用は図１の３方コックである奇数燃料切替コック４７を示し、ＣＯＧコックの偶数燃焼用は３方コックである偶数燃料切替コック５０を示す。ＡＩＲコックの奇数燃焼用は図１の奇数空気切替コック５３を示し、ＡＩＲコックの偶数燃焼用は偶数空気切替コック５４を示す。変更弁の奇数引落用は図１の奇数変更弁３５を示し、偶数引落用は図１の偶数変更弁３０を示す。なお、奇数変更弁３５と偶数変更弁３０は閉状態の場合を示している。また、奇数空気切替コック５３および偶数空気切替コック５４は弁開度を調節して空気流量を調節可能としている。   In FIG. 2, the odd combustion for the COG cock shows the odd fuel switching cock 47 which is the three-way cock of FIG. 1, and the even combustion for the COG cock shows the even fuel switching cock 50 which is the three-way cock. The odd combustion for the AIR cock shows the odd air switching cock 53 in FIG. 1, and the even combustion for the AIR cock shows the even air switching cock 54. 1 for odd-numbered withdrawal of the change valve indicates the odd-numbered change valve 35 of FIG. 1 and for even-numbered withdrawal indicates the even-numbered change valve 30 of FIG. The odd number change valve 35 and the even number change valve 30 are shown in the closed state. The odd air switching cock 53 and the even air switching cock 54 can adjust the air flow rate by adjusting the valve opening.

スカーフィング（ＳＦ）項目において、遮断弁は図１の遮断弁２を示し、ブロワーは図１のブロワー１を示していて、高さが単位時間当たりの通風量の大小を表している。また、ＡＩＲ通気は、スカーフィングか小爆発対策ブローのいずれかを示す。   In the item of scarfing (SF), the shut-off valve indicates the shut-off valve 2 in FIG. 1, and the blower indicates the blower 1 in FIG. 1, and the height represents the magnitude of the ventilation rate per unit time. Moreover, AIR ventilation shows either scarfing or a small explosion countermeasure blow.

なお、図２中、奇数Ｆ燃焼は奇数燃焼室２３での燃焼を示し、偶数Ｆ燃焼は偶数燃焼室２４での燃焼を示している。また、中間停止は奇数Ｆ燃焼と偶数Ｆ燃焼との間で奇数燃焼室２３および偶数燃焼室２４への燃料ガスの供給を行わず、奇数空気コック５３と偶数空気コック５４を開状態とするが燃焼時の空気量よりも少ない空気量を炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９と炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８に供給し、その間は奇数変更弁３５と偶数変更弁３０は共に開状態としている。   In FIG. 2, odd-numbered F combustion indicates combustion in the odd-numbered combustion chamber 23, and even-numbered F combustion indicates combustion in the even-numbered combustion chamber 24. Further, in the intermediate stop, the fuel gas is not supplied to the odd combustion chamber 23 and the even combustion chamber 24 between the odd F combustion and the even F combustion, and the odd air cock 53 and the even air cock 54 are opened. An air amount smaller than the air amount at the time of combustion is supplied to the furnace bottom side odd sole flue 29 and the furnace bottom side even sole flue 28, and both the odd number change valve 35 and the even number change valve 30 are in the open state.

なお、中間停止時に、奇数空気コック５３と偶数空気コック５４を全閉とせずに、微開の状態とし、微量空気を炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９と炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８に供給するのは、燃料空気を燃料空気用ブロワで供給する場合のブロワのサージングを防止するためである。   During the intermediate stop, the odd-numbered air cock 53 and the even-numbered air cock 54 are not fully closed, but are slightly opened, and a minute amount of air is supplied to the furnace bottom-side odd sole flue 29 and the furnace bottom-side even sole flue 28. This is for preventing surging of the blower when the fuel air is supplied by the blower for fuel air.

第１（奇数）燃焼室部２３で燃焼を行う奇数Ｆ燃焼の場合、奇数空気コック５３を開状態として燃焼用空気を奇数燃焼室部２３に供給した後に奇数燃料切替コック４７を第１位置に切替えて燃料ガスであるＣＯＧを奇数燃焼室部２３に供給し、中間停止よりも以前に奇数燃料切替コック４７を第２位置に切替えて燃料ガスの供給を停止するが、奇数空気コック５３開状態を中間停止まで維持する。   In the case of odd-number F combustion in which combustion is performed in the first (odd) combustion chamber section 23, the odd-numbered air cock 53 is opened and combustion air is supplied to the odd-number combustion chamber section 23, and then the odd-number fuel switching cock 47 is set to the first position. The fuel gas COG is switched to be supplied to the odd combustion chamber portion 23 and the fuel gas supply is stopped by switching the odd fuel switching cock 47 to the second position before the intermediate stop, but the odd air cock 53 is open. Until an intermediate stop.

奇数変更弁３５は、奇数空気コック５３の開状態への切替と同時に閉じられ、燃焼の切替が行われる中間停止の開始まで閉状態が維持される。偶数変更弁３０は、奇数変更弁３５が閉じている場合には開状態に維持され、炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８から煙突へ排ガスを排出する。   The odd change valve 35 is closed simultaneously with the switching of the odd air cock 53 to the open state, and the closed state is maintained until the start of the intermediate stop where the combustion is switched. The even number change valve 30 is maintained in an open state when the odd number change valve 35 is closed, and discharges exhaust gas from the furnace bottom side even sole flue 28 to the chimney.

一方、偶数燃料切替コック５０は第２位置に切替えられており、ブロワー１のインバータ制御により送風量を少なくなるように制御して遮断弁２を開状態とすると、偶数燃焼室２４内にスカーフィング用のエアーが通気される。一旦遮断弁２を閉じ、奇数燃焼室２３への燃料ガスの供給を停止後、再び遮断弁２を開いてブロワー１から小爆発対策用ブローを管内に通気する。この小爆発対策用ブローは、ブロワー１のインバータ制御により送風量を多くする。その後に中間停止となる。   On the other hand, the even fuel switching cock 50 is switched to the second position. When the shutoff valve 2 is opened by controlling the blower 1 so as to reduce the air flow rate, the even number combustion chamber 24 is scarfed. Air is ventilated. Once the shutoff valve 2 is closed and the supply of the fuel gas to the odd-numbered combustion chambers 23 is stopped, the shutoff valve 2 is opened again and a blow for small explosion countermeasures is ventilated from the blower 1 into the pipe. This blow for small explosion measures increases the amount of blown air by inverter control of the blower 1. After that, an intermediate stop occurs.

そして、奇数燃焼室での燃焼から偶数燃焼室での燃焼へ切替られ、同様にして偶数燃焼室２４内へ燃料ガスと燃焼用空気が供給され、奇数燃焼室２３内に対して上述のスカーフィングが行われ、奇数燃焼室２３側からの排ガスが炉底側奇数ソールフリュー２９から煙突へ排出される。   Then, the combustion is switched from the combustion in the odd-numbered combustion chamber to the combustion in the even-numbered combustion chamber. Similarly, the fuel gas and the combustion air are supplied into the even-numbered combustion chamber 24, and the above-described scarfing is performed in the odd-numbered combustion chamber 23. The exhaust gas from the odd combustion chamber 23 side is discharged from the furnace bottom side odd sole flue 29 to the chimney.

すなわち、小爆発対策用ブローはスカーフィング前の燃焼切替中に実行され、奇数燃料切替コック４７と偶数燃料切替コック５０が共に第２位置に切替えられているので、奇数燃料分配管２７および偶数燃料分配管４８にブローが瞬間的に吹き込まれ、残留している燃料ガス等を第１燃焼室部２３および第２燃焼室部２４内に排出する。その際、奇数空気コック５３が開いており、第１燃焼室部２３内に空気が供給されているため、ブローにより排気された燃料ガス等は燃焼し、排ガスとして第２燃焼室部２４から炉底側偶数ソールフリュー２８を経て煙突に排出される。   That is, the small explosion countermeasure blow is executed during the combustion switching before the scarfing, and both the odd fuel switching cock 47 and the even fuel switching cock 50 are switched to the second position. Blow is instantaneously blown into the distribution pipe 48 and the remaining fuel gas and the like are discharged into the first combustion chamber portion 23 and the second combustion chamber portion 24. At that time, since the odd-numbered air cock 53 is open and air is supplied into the first combustion chamber portion 23, the fuel gas or the like exhausted by the blow burns, and is discharged from the second combustion chamber portion 24 as exhaust gas. It is discharged to the chimney through the bottom-side even sole flue 28.

本発明の一実施形態を示すコークス炉の燃焼装置を示す概略図。Schematic which shows the combustion apparatus of the coke oven which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図１の燃焼装置の燃焼方法を示すタイミングチャート。The timing chart which shows the combustion method of the combustion apparatus of FIG. 従来のコークス炉の燃焼装置を示す概略図。Schematic which shows the combustion apparatus of the conventional coke oven.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ブロワー
２ 遮断弁
２１ 小燃焼室
２２ 仕切壁
２３ 第１燃焼室部（奇数燃焼室）
２４ 第２燃焼室部（偶数燃焼室）
２５ 奇数燃料ガス分配管
２６ 偶数排ガス分岐管
２７ 奇数燃料分配管
２８ 炉底側偶数ソールフリュー
２９ 炉底側奇数ソールフリュー
３０ 偶数変更弁
３１ 奇数空気分岐管
３２ 蓄熱室偶数連通孔
３５ 奇数変更弁
４０ ブロー用ファン
４１ 送風管
４２ 圧空吹き込み分岐管
４３ 奇数分岐管
４４ 偶数分岐管
４５ 奇数スカーフィングコック
４６ 偶数スカーフィングコック
４７ 奇数燃料切替コック
４８ 偶数燃料分配管
５０ 偶数燃料切替コック
５１ 燃料ガス用奇数調整コック
５２ 燃料ガス用偶数調整コック
５３ 奇数空気切替コック
５４ 偶数空気切替コック
５５ 燃焼空気用奇数調整コック
５６ 燃焼空気用偶数調整コック
５７ 送風調整弁 1 Blower 2 Shut-off Valve 21 Small Combustion Chamber 22 Partition Wall 23 First Combustion Chamber (Odd Combustion Chamber)
24 Second combustion chamber (even number combustion chamber)
25 Odd fuel gas distribution pipe 26 Even exhaust gas branch pipe 27 Odd fuel distribution pipe 28 Furnace bottom side even sole flue 29 Furnace bottom side odd sole flue 30 Even number change valve 31 Odd air branch pipe 32 Heat storage chamber even communication hole 35 Odd change valve 40 Blowing fan 41 Blowing pipe 42 Pressure air blowing branch pipe 43 Odd branch pipe 44 Even branch pipe 45 Odd scarfing cock 46 Even scarfing cock 47 Odd fuel switching cock 48 Even fuel distribution pipe 50 Even fuel switching cock 51 Odd adjustment for fuel gas Cock 52 Even adjustment cock 53 for fuel gas Odd air switching cock 54 Even air switching cock 55 Odd adjustment cock 56 for combustion air Even adjustment cock 57 for combustion air Blow adjustment valve

Claims (2)

コークス炉の炉長方向に延びる燃焼室を２つの燃焼室部に区分けした小燃焼室の多数で構成し、前記２つの燃焼室部を交互に燃焼側と引落し側に切替え、高カロリーガスを燃料として燃焼用空気との混合で燃焼を行うコークス炉の燃焼方法において、
送風量可変の送風手段からの圧空を引落し側の燃焼室部に導入するスカーフィング前の燃焼切替中に、該送風手段からの圧空を該スカーフィング時よりも多くして前記燃焼側および引落し側燃焼室部の燃料配管系に吹き込むブロー工程を有することを特徴とするコークス炉の燃焼方法。 Combustion chamber extending in the length direction of the coke oven is composed of a number of small combustion chambers divided into two combustion chambers. The two combustion chambers are alternately switched between the combustion side and the withdrawal side to generate high calorie gas. In a combustion method of a coke oven that performs combustion by mixing with combustion air as fuel,
During combustion switching before scarfing, the compressed air from the air blowing means with variable air flow is drawn down and introduced into the combustion chamber on the side, the pressure air from the air blowing means is increased more than that during the scarfing and the combustion side and the air drawn down. A combustion method for a coke oven, comprising: a blow step for blowing into a fuel piping system in a side combustion chamber. コークス炉の炉長方向に延びる燃焼室を２つの燃焼室部に区分けした小燃焼室の多数で構成し、前記２つの燃焼室部を交互に燃焼側と引落し側に切替え、各燃焼室部に対応する燃料切替コックの切替により高カロリーガスを燃料として燃焼用空気との混合で燃焼を行うコークス炉の燃焼装置において、
送風風量を調節可能な送風手段と、
前記送風手段からの圧空を供給する送風管に取り付けた遮断弁と、
前記遮断弁から下流側で該送風管より分岐して前記各燃料切替コックにそれぞれ接続された分岐管と、
を有し、
前記遮断弁を開いて前記送風手段からの圧空を引落し側の燃焼室部に導入するスカーフィング時には、前記燃焼側の燃焼室部と前記分岐管との連通を遮断して燃料の供給を行う第１位置に位置させると共に、前記引落し側の燃料切替コックを前記分岐管と前記引落し側の燃焼室部と連通する第２位置に位置させ、前記スカーフィング前の燃焼切替中に、該遮断弁を開いて該送風手段からの圧空の風量を該スカーフィング時よりも多くして第２位置に位置する前記燃焼側および引落し側の燃料切替コックに向けてブローを吹き込むことを特徴とするコークス炉の燃焼装置。 Combustion chamber extending in the length direction of the coke oven is composed of many small combustion chambers divided into two combustion chamber portions, and the two combustion chamber portions are alternately switched between the combustion side and the withdrawal side, and each combustion chamber portion In a combustion apparatus of a coke oven that performs combustion by mixing high-calorie gas as fuel with combustion air by switching the fuel switching cock corresponding to
An air blowing means capable of adjusting the air flow;
A shutoff valve attached to a blower pipe for supplying compressed air from the blower means;
A branch pipe branched from the blower pipe downstream from the shutoff valve and connected to each of the fuel switching cocks;
Have
During scarfing in which the shutoff valve is opened and the compressed air from the blowing means is pulled down and introduced into the combustion chamber portion on the side, the communication between the combustion chamber portion on the combustion side and the branch pipe is shut off to supply fuel The fuel switch cock on the draw-down side is located at a second position communicating with the branch pipe and the combustion chamber on the draw-down side during the combustion switching before the scarfing. Opening a shut-off valve to increase the amount of compressed air from the blowing means more than at the time of the scarfing, and blowing blow toward the combustion side and withdrawal side fuel switching cocks located at the second position. Coke oven combustion equipment.
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