JP4899944B2 - Residual stress improvement method - Google Patents

Residual stress improvement method Download PDF

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JP4899944B2
JP4899944B2 JP2007055661A JP2007055661A JP4899944B2 JP 4899944 B2 JP4899944 B2 JP 4899944B2 JP 2007055661 A JP2007055661 A JP 2007055661A JP 2007055661 A JP2007055661 A JP 2007055661A JP 4899944 B2 JP4899944 B2 JP 4899944B2
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container
welded joint
stress
cooling liquid
scc
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JP2008214710A (en
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裕二 長澤
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IHI Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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Description

本発明は、応力腐食割れの発生を助長する環境で使用される容器の溶接継手部外面の残留引張応力を低減する方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for reducing residual tensile stress on the outer surface of a welded joint portion of a container used in an environment that promotes the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking.

容器外面に海水に含まれる塩素（Ｃｌ）等の応力腐食割れ（Ｓｔｒｅｓｓ Ｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎ Ｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ；ＳＣＣ）の発生を助長する物質が付着する環境で使用される容器（タンク）は、ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料（例えば、ステンレス鋼やニッケル基合金等）にて構成されている。このような容器の溶接継手部においては、溶接継手部外面に引張応力が残留し且つ溶接継手部外面にＳＣＣ発生を助長する物質が付着することで、ＳＣＣが発生することがある。   Containers (tanks) used in an environment where substances that promote the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) such as chlorine (Cl) contained in seawater adhere to the outer surface of the container are materials having SCC sensitivity (for example, , Stainless steel, nickel base alloy, etc.). In such a welded joint part of a container, SCC may occur due to the fact that tensile stress remains on the outer surface of the welded joint part and a substance that promotes the generation of SCC adheres to the outer surface of the welded joint part.

ＳＣＣの発生を助長する環境で使用される容器においては、ＳＣＣの発生を防止するために、容器に耐ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料を使用したり、又は、容器表面にＳＣＣを助長する物質が直接接触しないように塗装等の表面処理を施すことが考えられる。しかし、耐ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料は、特殊材料であり高価である。また、耐ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料は一般的に溶接が難しく、高度な技術が必要となる。また、塗装等の表面処理は、環境や作業者への負荷が大きい。   In a container used in an environment that promotes the occurrence of SCC, in order to prevent the occurrence of SCC, a material having SCC resistance is used for the container, or a substance that promotes SCC is in direct contact with the surface of the container. It is conceivable to apply a surface treatment such as painting so as not to cause the damage. However, a material having SCC resistance is a special material and expensive. In addition, a material having SCC resistance is generally difficult to weld and requires advanced techniques. In addition, surface treatment such as painting places a heavy burden on the environment and workers.

原子力プラントにおいては、ＳＣＣの発生を防止するために、高周波誘導加熱残留応力改善方法（Ｉｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ Ｈｅａｔｉｎｇ Ｓｔｒｅｓｓ Ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ；ＩＨＳＩ）が行われている（特許文献１等参照）。この高周波誘導加熱残留応力改善方法は、原子炉圧力容器の配管等の溶接継手部の内面に生じた残留引張応力を除去するために、溶接継手部外周に高周波誘導コイルを配置し、高周波誘導コイルに高周波電流を流して溶接継手部及びその近傍の部分を加熱し、配管内に冷却水を流すことで、応力改善に必要な内外面温度差を発生させて、溶接継手部内面に生じた残留引張応力を低減するようにしている。   In nuclear power plants, in order to prevent the occurrence of SCC, a high frequency induction heating residual stress improvement method (Induction Heating Stress Improvement; IHSI) is performed (see Patent Document 1 and the like). This high frequency induction heating residual stress improvement method is arranged by arranging a high frequency induction coil on the outer periphery of the weld joint in order to remove the residual tensile stress generated on the inner surface of the weld joint such as a reactor pressure vessel pipe. A high-frequency current is applied to heat the welded joint and its nearby parts, and cooling water is allowed to flow through the pipe, creating a temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces necessary for stress improvement, resulting in residual on the inner surface of the welded joint. The tensile stress is reduced.

特開２００５−２２６１１２号公報JP 2005-226112 A

上述の高周波誘導加熱残留応力改善方法は、配管の溶接継手部内面に生じた残留引張応力を低減するものであり、容器の溶接継手部外面の残留引張応力の低減には適用ができなかった。   The above-described high frequency induction heating residual stress improving method is to reduce the residual tensile stress generated on the inner surface of the welded joint portion of the pipe, and cannot be applied to reduce the residual tensile stress on the outer surface of the welded joint portion of the vessel.

そこで、本発明の目的は、容器の溶接継手部外面に生じた残留引張応力を低減することができる残留応力改善方法を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a residual stress improving method capable of reducing the residual tensile stress generated on the outer surface of the welded joint portion of the container.

上記目的を達成するために本発明は、応力腐食割れの発生を助長する環境で使用される容器の溶接継手部外面の残留引張応力を低減する残留応力改善方法であって、上記容器全体を高温に加熱した後、上記容器内面が冷却液体に接しないように上記容器を冷却液体に浸漬して、上記容器外面のみを冷却することで、上記容器外面を上記容器内面より収縮させて、上記溶接継手部外面に圧縮応力を生じさせるようにするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a residual stress improving method for reducing the residual tensile stress of the outer surface of a welded joint of a container used in an environment that promotes the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking. The container is immersed in the cooling liquid so that the inner surface of the container does not come into contact with the cooling liquid, and only the outer surface of the container is cooled, so that the outer surface of the container is contracted from the inner surface of the container and the welding is performed. A compressive stress is generated on the outer surface of the joint.

ここで、上記容器全体を、上記溶接継手部が劣化する温度を超えない温度に加熱しても良い。   Here, you may heat the said whole container to the temperature which does not exceed the temperature which the said welded joint part deteriorates.

本発明によれば、容器の溶接継手部外面に生じた残留引張応力を低減することができるという優れた効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, there is an excellent effect that the residual tensile stress generated on the outer surface of the welded joint portion of the container can be reduced.

本発明の好適な実施形態を添付図面に基づいて詳述する。   Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１（ａ）は本発明の一実施形態に係る残留応力改善方法を説明するための容器の平面図であり、図１（ｂ）は図１（ａ）のｂ−ｂ線矢視図である。図２は、容器を冷却液体に浸漬した状態を示す、容器及び液体槽の側断面図である。図３は、図１（ｂ）のＡ部拡大図である。   Fig.1 (a) is a top view of the container for demonstrating the residual stress improvement method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a bb arrow line view of Fig.1 (a). is there. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the container and the liquid tank showing a state where the container is immersed in the cooling liquid. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

図１に示す容器（圧力容器やその他容器等）１０は、容器外面に海水に含まれる塩素（Ｃｌ）等のＳＣＣの発生を助長する物質が付着する環境で使用されるものである。   A container (pressure container, other container, etc.) 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used in an environment where substances that promote the generation of SCC such as chlorine (Cl) contained in seawater adhere to the outer surface of the container.

図１に示すように、容器１０は、複数の母材１１、１２、１３と、母材１１と母材１２とを接合する溶接継手部（縦溶接継手部）１４と、母材１１及び母材１２と母材１３とを接合する溶接継手部（周溶接継手部）１５とからなる。これら母材１１、１２、１３、及び、溶接継手部１４、１５は、ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料（例えば、ステンレス鋼やニッケル基合金等）からなる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the container 10 includes a plurality of base materials 11, 12, 13, a weld joint (vertical weld joint) 14 that joins the base material 11 and the base material 12, the base material 11, and the base material. It consists of a welded joint part (circumferentially welded joint part) 15 for joining the material 12 and the base material 13. These base materials 11, 12, 13 and welded joint portions 14, 15 are made of a material having SCC sensitivity (for example, stainless steel, nickel-base alloy, etc.).

次に、本実施形態に係る残留応力改善方法について説明する。   Next, the residual stress improvement method according to this embodiment will be described.

本実施形態に係る残留応力改善方法は、容器１０製造の最後の工程、つまり少なくとも溶接継手部１４、１５を形成する溶接工程よりも後の工程で行うものとする。   The residual stress improving method according to the present embodiment is performed in the final step of manufacturing the container 10, that is, in a step after the welding step of forming at least the welded joint portions 14 and 15.

まず、容器１０を炉等（図示せず）を用いて容器１０全体を加熱する。その際、容器１０全体を、溶接継手部１４、１５が劣化する温度を超えない温度（例えば、６００℃程度）に加熱する。   First, the entire container 10 is heated using a furnace or the like (not shown). In that case, the container 10 whole is heated to the temperature (for example, about 600 degreeC) which does not exceed the temperature which the welded joint parts 14 and 15 deteriorate.

次いで、図２に示すように、加熱した高温状態の容器１０をクレーン等（図示せず）で吊り下げ、容器１０の内面１６が冷却液体（冷却水又は冷却油）１７に接しないように（つまり、容器１０の内部に冷却液体１７が入らないように）容器１０を液体槽（水槽又は油槽）１８内の冷却液体１７に浸漬して、容器１０の外面１９のみを冷却する。このように、容器１０の内面１６が冷却液体１７に接しないようにしつつ、冷却液体１７により容器１０の外面１９のみを冷却することで、溶接継手部１４、１５及びその近傍の部分に残留応力の改善に必要な大きな内外面温度差を発生させることが可能となる。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the heated high-temperature container 10 is suspended by a crane or the like (not shown) so that the inner surface 16 of the container 10 does not contact the cooling liquid (cooling water or cooling oil) 17 ( That is, the container 10 is immersed in the cooling liquid 17 in the liquid tank (water tank or oil tank) 18 so that only the outer surface 19 of the container 10 is cooled so that the cooling liquid 17 does not enter the container 10. As described above, by cooling only the outer surface 19 of the container 10 with the cooling liquid 17 while preventing the inner surface 16 of the container 10 from coming into contact with the cooling liquid 17, residual stress is applied to the welded joint portions 14, 15 and the vicinity thereof. It is possible to generate a large temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces necessary for improvement.

例えば、冷却液体１７の温度は２０℃程度とする。容器１０を冷却液体１７に浸漬する際には、液体槽１８に設けられる撹拌装置（図示せず）により冷却液体１７を適宜撹拌することで、容器１０の外面１９を効率的に（均一に）冷却することができる。   For example, the temperature of the cooling liquid 17 is about 20 ° C. When the container 10 is immersed in the cooling liquid 17, the outer surface 19 of the container 10 is efficiently (uniformly) efficiently stirred by a stirring device (not shown) provided in the liquid tank 18. Can be cooled.

本実施形態に係る残留応力改善方法の作用を説明する。   The operation of the residual stress improvement method according to this embodiment will be described.

本実施形態に係る容器１０においては、図３に示すように、溶接時の入熱・冷却に起因して、母材１１、１２、１３と溶接継手部１４、１５との境界である熱影響部（Ｈｅａｔ−Ａｆｆｅｃｔｅｄ Ｚｏｎｅ）２０においてクロム（Ｃｒ）が欠乏すると共にその熱影響部２０の外面１９に残留引張応力Ｓが作用し、且つ、その熱影響部２０の外面１９に塩素（Ｃｌ）等のＳＣＣ発生を助長する物質が付着することで、熱影響部２０においてＳＣＣが発生することがあることが判っている。   In the container 10 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, due to heat input / cooling during welding, a thermal effect that is a boundary between the base materials 11, 12, 13 and the welded joint portions 14, 15. Chromium (Cr) is deficient in the heat-affected zone 20, the residual tensile stress S acts on the outer surface 19 of the heat-affected zone 20, and chlorine (Cl) or the like acts on the outer surface 19 of the heat-affected zone 20. It has been found that SCC may occur in the heat affected zone 20 due to adhesion of substances that promote the generation of SCC.

そこで、本実施形態では、容器１０全体を高温に加熱した後、容器１０の内面１６が冷却液体１７に接しないように容器１０を冷却液体１７に浸漬して、容器１０の外面１９のみを冷却することで、容器１０の外面１９を容器１０の内面１６より収縮させて、溶接継手部１４、１５及びその近傍の部分の外面１９に生じた残留引張応力ＳをＳＣＣが発生しない程度に十分に低減し、又は、溶接継手部１４、１５及びその近傍の部分の外面１９に圧縮応力を生じさせるようにしている。このように、本実施形態によれば、ＳＣＣ発生の原因の一つである溶接継手部１４、１５の外面１９に生じた残留引張応力Ｓを低減して、ＳＣＣの発生を防止することが可能となる。   Therefore, in this embodiment, after heating the entire container 10 to a high temperature, the container 10 is immersed in the cooling liquid 17 so that the inner surface 16 of the container 10 is not in contact with the cooling liquid 17, and only the outer surface 19 of the container 10 is cooled. As a result, the outer surface 19 of the container 10 is contracted from the inner surface 16 of the container 10, and the residual tensile stress S generated on the outer surface 19 of the welded joint portions 14 and 15 and the vicinity thereof is sufficiently high so that SCC does not occur. It reduces or produces a compressive stress in the outer surface 19 of the welded joint parts 14 and 15 and its vicinity. Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the residual tensile stress S generated on the outer surface 19 of the welded joint portions 14 and 15, which is one of the causes of SCC generation, and to prevent the occurrence of SCC. It becomes.

また、本実施形態では、容器１０を液体槽１８内の冷却液体１７に浸漬することで、容器１０の外面１９を冷却するものとしたため、溶接継手部１４、１５の外面１９を均一に冷却することが可能となる。   In this embodiment, since the outer surface 19 of the container 10 is cooled by immersing the container 10 in the cooling liquid 17 in the liquid tank 18, the outer surfaces 19 of the welded joint portions 14 and 15 are uniformly cooled. It becomes possible.

また、本実施形態によれば、溶接継手部１４、１５の外面１９に生じた残留引張応力Ｓを低減することができるため、容器１０に高価な耐ＳＣＣ感受性を有する材料を使用する必要はなくなり、また溶接も汎用技術で対応することが可能となる。また、容器１０の表面に塗装等の表面処理を施す必要がなくなり、環境や作業者に負荷を与えることがなくなる。   Moreover, according to this embodiment, since the residual tensile stress S generated on the outer surface 19 of the welded joint portions 14 and 15 can be reduced, it is not necessary to use an expensive SCC-resistant material for the container 10. Also, welding can be handled with general-purpose technology. Moreover, it is not necessary to perform surface treatment such as painting on the surface of the container 10, and no load is imposed on the environment and the operator.

以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態には限定されず他の様々な実施形態を採ることが可能である。   As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It is possible to take other various embodiment.

例えば、容器１０の内部への冷却液体１７の浸入を防止するために、容器１０を液体槽１８内の冷却液体１７に浸漬する際に、容器１０に蓋を仮止めしておいても良い。   For example, in order to prevent the cooling liquid 17 from entering the inside of the container 10, the lid may be temporarily fixed to the container 10 when the container 10 is immersed in the cooling liquid 17 in the liquid tank 18.

図１（ａ）は本発明の一実施形態に係る残留応力改善方法を説明するための容器の平面図であり、図１（ｂ）は図１（ａ）のｂ−ｂ線矢視図である。Fig.1 (a) is a top view of the container for demonstrating the residual stress improvement method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a bb arrow line view of Fig.1 (a). is there. 図２は、容器を冷却液体に浸漬した状態を示す、容器及び液体槽の側断面図である。FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the container and the liquid tank showing a state where the container is immersed in the cooling liquid. 図３は、図１（ｂ）のＡ部拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 容器
１４ 溶接継手部（縦溶接継手部）
１５ 溶接継手部（周溶接継手部）
１６ 内面
１７ 冷却液体
１９ 外面 10 Container 14 Welded joint (vertical welded joint)
15 Welded joint (surround welded joint)
16 Inner surface 17 Cooling liquid 19 Outer surface

Claims (2)

応力腐食割れの発生を助長する環境で使用される容器の溶接継手部外面の残留引張応力を低減する残留応力改善方法であって、
上記容器全体を高温に加熱した後、上記容器内面が冷却液体に接しないように上記容器を冷却液体に浸漬して、上記容器外面のみを冷却することで、上記容器外面を上記容器内面より収縮させて、上記溶接継手部外面に圧縮応力を生じさせるようにすることを特徴とする残留応力改善方法。 A residual stress improvement method for reducing residual tensile stress on the outer surface of a welded joint of a container used in an environment that promotes the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking,
After heating the entire container to a high temperature, the container outer surface contracts from the container inner surface by immersing the container in the cooling liquid so that the container inner surface does not contact the cooling liquid and cooling only the container outer surface. A compressive stress is generated on the outer surface of the weld joint. 上記容器全体を、上記溶接継手部が劣化する温度を超えない温度に加熱する請求項１に記載の残留応力改善方法。   The residual stress improvement method according to claim 1, wherein the entire container is heated to a temperature that does not exceed a temperature at which the welded joint portion deteriorates.
JP2007055661A 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Residual stress improvement method Expired - Fee Related JP4899944B2 (en)

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