JP4890897B2 - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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JP4890897B2
JP4890897B2 JP2006071673A JP2006071673A JP4890897B2 JP 4890897 B2 JP4890897 B2 JP 4890897B2 JP 2006071673 A JP2006071673 A JP 2006071673A JP 2006071673 A JP2006071673 A JP 2006071673A JP 4890897 B2 JP4890897 B2 JP 4890897B2
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electrode
electrostatic latent
latent image
cleaning
boron nitride
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JP2007248783A (en
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泰男 片野
正治 田中
卓朗 関谷
喜彦 飯島
稔浩 石井
英一 太田
幸通 染矢
奈緒美 杉本
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、画像形成装置に関し、特に像担持体に帯電する帯電部を有する作像ユニットを備える画像形成装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus including an image forming unit having a charging unit that charges an image carrier.

従来、電子写真方式の画像形成装置は、像担持体に帯電を施し、その帯電を露光より選択的に消去あるいは減少させ、像担持体上に静電潜像を形成するものが知られている。そして、像担持体に帯電する帯電装置としては、コロナ放電を利用したものが主流であった。しかし、このコロナ放電を用いた帯電装置は、オゾンが多量に発生してしまうという不具合があり、またコロナ放電を行わせるために5〜10kVという高電圧を印加する高電圧電源が必要となり、画像形成装置の低コスト化が難しくなる。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electrophotographic image forming apparatus is known in which an image carrier is charged and the charge is selectively erased or reduced by exposure to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier. . As a charging device for charging the image carrier, a device using corona discharge has been mainly used. However, the charging device using the corona discharge has a problem that a large amount of ozone is generated, and a high voltage power source for applying a high voltage of 5 to 10 kV is necessary to perform the corona discharge. Cost reduction of the forming apparatus becomes difficult.

従って、近年、コロナ放電を利用しない帯電部材を像担持体に対向して設ける帯電装置が提案されている。この帯電装置は、像担持体と直接接触させる接触型と微少な間隙を設ける非接触型とがある(例えば、特許文献1、2参照)。接触型の帯電装置では、コロナ放電を用いる場合の不具合の多くが解消される一方、「像流れ」と呼ばれる異常画像の発生及び像担持体の摩耗量が増大する等の不具合が発生している。また、印加電圧に交流を用いた場合は騒音が発生するという不具合がある。   Therefore, in recent years, a charging device has been proposed in which a charging member that does not use corona discharge is provided facing the image carrier. This charging device is classified into a contact type that directly contacts the image carrier and a non-contact type that provides a minute gap (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the contact type charging device, many of the problems in the case of using corona discharge are eliminated, but problems such as generation of abnormal images called “image flow” and increase in the wear amount of the image carrier have occurred. . In addition, there is a problem that noise is generated when alternating current is used as the applied voltage.

さらに、接触型帯電装置では、トナーや紙粉を像担持体と帯電部材で擦りつけるので汚染を助長するという不具合がある。この汚染を解消するため、接触帯電部材をベルト状とし、更に、フェルト状クリーニング部材を設ける構成が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Further, the contact type charging device has a problem in that the toner or paper powder is rubbed with the image carrier and the charging member to promote contamination. In order to eliminate this contamination, a configuration has been proposed in which the contact charging member is formed in a belt shape and a felt-like cleaning member is further provided (for example, see Patent Document 1).

また、最近、様々な電子放出材料が提案されているが、その実用化に際しては、高電圧に対する耐性が高いこと、電流密度が大きく取れることが特に要求される。現在盛んに開発されている新材料の一つとしてカーボンナノチューブが挙げられるが、この材料は著しく放出特性が優れているわけではなく、利用に際しては電流密度を向上させるために工夫が必要である。具体的には成長位置を制御・パターン化して薄膜成長させたり、プリント転写技術を利用して、電子放出性に適った形状にエッチングさせたり等の加工が必要となる。
特開平02−301777号公報 特開2003−50496号公報
Recently, various electron-emitting materials have been proposed. However, when they are put to practical use, it is particularly required that they have high resistance to high voltage and a large current density. One of the new materials that has been actively developed is carbon nanotube. However, this material does not have remarkably excellent emission characteristics, and it is necessary to devise in order to improve the current density. Specifically, processing such as controlling the growth position and patterning to grow a thin film, or using a print transfer technique to etch into a shape suitable for electron emission properties is required.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-301777 JP 2003-50496 A

しかしながら、接触帯電部材をベルト状とし、更に、フェルト状クリーニング部材を設ける構成では、像担持体にベルト状接触帯電部材が加圧し、かつ、クリーニング部材が加圧され、2箇所でベルトに負荷がかかるため、ベルトの寄り問題やベルトの伸び・たるみが生じやすい欠点を有する。また、カーボンナノチューブを用いる際は、上述したような手間のかかる困難な加工を施しても、その結果得られる性能は、電流密度がせいぜいmA/cmオーダーに留まっているのが現状であった。更に、使用電界強度には限界があり、限界以上では材料の劣化、剥落が生じ、高電圧下で長時間にわたる使用には耐えられないものであった。 However, in the configuration in which the contact charging member is in the form of a belt and further provided with a felt-like cleaning member, the belt-like contact charging member is pressurized on the image carrier and the cleaning member is pressurized, and the belt is loaded at two locations. For this reason, there are drawbacks in that belt misalignment problems and belt stretching and sagging are likely to occur. In addition, when using carbon nanotubes, even if the above-mentioned difficult and difficult processing is performed, the current performance is that the current density remains at the order of mA / cm 2 at most. . Furthermore, there is a limit in the electric field strength to be used, and if it exceeds the limit, the material is deteriorated and peeled off and cannot be used for a long time under a high voltage.

本発明はこのような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、係る不具合を解決することを前提とし、オゾン等の発生が極めて少なく、また、非接触の帯電を実現することで、トナーや紙粉等の付着が少なく、かつ、汚染されても常に静電潜像担持体上に安定した帯電を行うことを可能とする高耐久な帯電装置を備える画像形成装置の提供を目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and on the premise of solving such a problem, generation of ozone or the like is extremely small, and non-contact charging is realized to realize toner or paper dust. An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus including a highly durable charging device that can stably charge the electrostatic latent image carrier even when it is contaminated.

本発明の画像形成装置は、静電潜像担持体上に形成される静電潜像の可視像処理を行う可視像手段を備える画像形成装置であって、前記静電潜像担持体を帯電する帯電手段と、前記帯電手段を洗浄する1以上の洗浄ローラと、を備え、前記帯電手段は、前記静電潜像担持体に対して非接触かつ移動可能なベルト形状の電極であり、前記電極は、電界を印加するための導線と接触し、突起形状のSp 3 結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を有し、イオン化微粒子の霧を作製して前記静電潜像担持体を帯電する構成を備え、前記洗浄ローラは、前記電極に対峙する位置に配置され、表面に粘着性部材を備え、該粘着性部材により前記電極の突起形状のSp 3 結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を洗浄することを特徴とする画像形成装置である。 The image forming apparatus of the present invention is an image forming apparatus comprising a visible image means for performing visible image processing of an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrier, the electrostatic latent image carrier. A charging means for charging the charging means, and one or more cleaning rollers for cleaning the charging means. The charging means is a belt-shaped electrode that is non-contactable and movable with respect to the electrostatic latent image carrier. The electrode is in contact with a conducting wire for applying an electric field, has a projection-shaped Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film, and forms a mist of ionized fine particles to charge the electrostatic latent image carrier The cleaning roller is disposed at a position facing the electrode, and has an adhesive member on the surface, and the protrusion-shaped Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film body of the electrode is cleaned by the adhesive member. The image forming apparatus is characterized.

本発明によれば、オゾン等の発生が極めて少ない、また、トナーや紙粉等の付着が少なく、かつ汚染されても常に静電潜像担持体上に安定した帯電を行うことが可能である。   According to the present invention, generation of ozone or the like is extremely small, adhesion of toner or paper powder is small, and stable charging can be always performed on the electrostatic latent image carrier even if it is contaminated. .

以下に、本発明の実施形態に係る画像形成装置を、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。なお、以下に述べる実施の形態は、本発明の好適な実施の形態であるため、技術的に好ましい種々の限定が付されているが、本発明の範囲は、以下の説明において特に本発明を限定する旨の記載がない限り、これらの態様に限られるものではない。   Hereinafter, an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and thus various technically preferable limitations are given. However, the scope of the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. As long as there is no description which limits, it is not restricted to these aspects.

以下、本発明の実施形態に係る電子放出材料であるSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体について説明する。Sp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体は、高い耐電界強度を有し、かつ、長時間の使用時でも電子を高効率(高電流密度)で安定して放出することができる材料である。BN(窒化ホウ素)は高温ルツボにも使用され、大気中高温下でも極めて高安定な材料である。これを使用した電子放出素子は高効率で、安定かつ劣化の極めて少ない電界電子放出特性を示す。 Hereinafter, the Sp 3 bonding boron nitride film body which is an electron emission material according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film body is a material that has a high electric field strength and can stably emit electrons with high efficiency (high current density) even when used for a long time. BN (boron nitride) is also used in high-temperature crucibles and is an extremely stable material even at high temperatures in the atmosphere. An electron-emitting device using this exhibits high-efficiency, stable and extremely low field electron emission characteristics.

本発明者らは、BN(窒化ホウ素)を電子放出材料用に最適化すべく鋭意研究した結果、特定の条件下で製作した窒化ホウ素の中には、これを膜状に生成した場合、電界電子放出特性に優れた表面形状を呈してなるものが生成し、強い耐電界強度を有することを見出した。すなわち、窒化ホウ素を気相反応によって基板上に堆積する場合、基板近傍に高エネルギーの紫外光を照射することで基板上に窒化ホウ素が膜状に形成され、且つ膜表面上には、先端が尖った形状の窒化ホウ素が適宜間隔を置いて光方向に自己組織的に生成・成長すること及び、その膜に電界をかけると容易に電子を放出し、かつ、従来の電子放出材料から考えると、極めて高いレベルの電流密度を保ちつつも、材料の劣化、損傷、脱落のない極めて安定した状態、性能を維持し得る。   As a result of diligent research to optimize BN (boron nitride) for an electron emission material, the present inventors have found that boron nitride manufactured under specific conditions includes field electrons when formed into a film. It has been found that a product having a surface shape with excellent emission characteristics is produced and has strong electric field strength. That is, when boron nitride is deposited on the substrate by a vapor phase reaction, boron nitride is formed in a film shape on the substrate by irradiating the vicinity of the substrate with high-energy ultraviolet light, and the tip is formed on the film surface. Pointed-shaped boron nitride is generated and grown in a self-organized manner in the light direction at appropriate intervals, and electrons are easily emitted when an electric field is applied to the film. , While maintaining a very high level of current density, it is possible to maintain a very stable state and performance without material deterioration, damage, or dropout.

本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部は、この電界電子放出特性に優れたSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を用い、Sp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を形成した電極と静電潜像担持体との間に電界を印加し、Sp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体から大気中に放出された電子により大気中の各種分子をイオン化させ、そのイオンにより静電潜像担持体を一応に帯電することを特徴とする。 Charging unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electric field using the electron emission characteristics excellent Sp 3 binding boron nitride membrane body, and Sp 3 binding boron nitride film body formed electrode and the electrostatic latent image bearing member An electric field is applied between the two, and various molecules in the atmosphere are ionized by electrons emitted from the Sp 3 -bonded boron nitride film into the atmosphere, and the electrostatic latent image carrier is temporarily charged by the ions. Features.

更に、本発明に係る実施形態として、電界電子放出特性に優れたSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を形成した電極を静電潜像担持体に対して移動可能な構成とし、且つ、電極上の電界電子放出特性に優れた部材表面を洗浄する手段を配置することが考え得る。 Furthermore, as an embodiment according to the present invention, an electrode on which an Sp 3 -bonded boron nitride film body excellent in field electron emission characteristics is configured to be movable with respect to the electrostatic latent image carrier, and on the electrode It can be considered to arrange a means for cleaning the surface of the member having excellent field electron emission characteristics.

本実施形態に用いる窒化ホウ素膜において、電界電子放出特性に優れた表面形状が気相反応によって自己造形的に形成されるためには、紫外光の照射が必要である。理由を以下に説明する。自己組織化による表面形態形成は、「チューリング構造」として把握され、前駆体物質の表面拡散と表面化学反応とが競合するある種の条件において出現する。ここでは、紫外光照射がその両者の光化学的促進に関わり、初期核の規則的な分布に影響していると考えられる。紫外光照射により表面での成長反応が促進されるが、これは光強度に反応速度が比例することを意味する。初期核が半球形であると仮定すると、頂点付近では光強度が大きく、成長が促進されるのに対して、周縁部分では光強度が弱まり成長が遅れる。これが先端の尖った表面形成物の形成要因の一つであると考えられる。何れにしても紫外光照射が極めて重要な役割を担っている。   In the boron nitride film used in the present embodiment, irradiation with ultraviolet light is necessary in order to form a surface shape having excellent field electron emission characteristics in a self-modeling manner by a gas phase reaction. The reason will be described below. Surface morphogenesis by self-organization is understood as a “Turing structure” and appears under certain conditions where the surface diffusion and surface chemical reaction of the precursor material compete. Here, it is considered that ultraviolet light irradiation is related to the photochemical promotion of both, and affects the regular distribution of initial nuclei. The growth reaction on the surface is promoted by irradiation with ultraviolet light, which means that the reaction rate is proportional to the light intensity. Assuming that the initial nucleus is hemispherical, the light intensity is large near the apex and the growth is promoted, whereas the light intensity is weakened and the growth is delayed at the peripheral part. This is considered to be one of the formation factors of the surface formation with a sharp tip. In any case, ultraviolet irradiation plays a very important role.

本発明の実施形態に係る電界電子放出特性に優れたSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を得るための気相反応について(Sp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体の製造方法)、図1を用いて条件等を説明する。使用される反応容器1は、CVD反応容器である。反応容器1は、反応ガス及びその希釈ガスを導入するためのガス導入口2と、導入された反応ガス等を容器外へ排気するためのガス流出口3とを備え、真空ポンプに接続され、大気圧以下に減圧維持されている。 Gas Phase Reaction for Obtaining Sp 3 Bonded Boron Nitride Film Body Excellent in Field Electron Emission Characteristics According to Embodiment of the Present Invention (Method for Producing Sp 3 Bonded Boron Nitride Film Body) Conditions Using FIG. Etc. will be explained. The reaction vessel 1 used is a CVD reaction vessel. The reaction vessel 1 includes a gas inlet 2 for introducing a reaction gas and its dilution gas, and a gas outlet 3 for exhausting the introduced reaction gas and the like out of the vessel, and is connected to a vacuum pump. The reduced pressure is maintained below atmospheric pressure.

容器内のガスの流路には窒化ホウ素析出基板4が設定され、その基板に面した反応容器の壁体の一部には光学窓5が取り付けられ、この窓を介して基板に紫外光(図1ではエキシマ紫外レーザ6)が照射されるよう、エキシマ紫外光レーザ装置が設けられる。   A boron nitride deposition substrate 4 is set in the gas flow path in the vessel, and an optical window 5 is attached to a part of the wall of the reaction vessel facing the substrate. Through this window, ultraviolet light ( In FIG. 1, an excimer ultraviolet laser device is provided so that the excimer ultraviolet laser 6) is irradiated.

反応容器1に導入された反応ガスは、基板4の表面において照射される紫外光(エキシマ紫外レーザ6)によって励起され、反応ガス中の窒素源とホウ素源とが気相反応し、基板4上に、一般式;BNで示され、5H型または6H型多形構造を有してなるSp結合型窒化ホウ素が生成し、析出し、膜状に成長する。その場合の反応容器内の圧力は、0.001〜760Torrの広い範囲において実施可能であり、また、反応空間に設置された基板4の温度は、室温〜1300℃の広い範囲で実施可能であることが実験の結果明らかとなった。 The reaction gas introduced into the reaction vessel 1 is excited by ultraviolet light (excimer ultraviolet laser 6) irradiated on the surface of the substrate 4, and a nitrogen source and a boron source in the reaction gas undergo a gas phase reaction, and the substrate 4 In addition, an Sp 3 -bonded boron nitride represented by the general formula; BN and having a 5H-type or 6H-type polymorphic structure is generated, precipitated, and grown into a film. In that case, the pressure in the reaction vessel can be implemented in a wide range of 0.001 to 760 Torr, and the temperature of the substrate 4 installed in the reaction space can be implemented in a wide range of room temperature to 1300 ° C. It became clear as a result of the experiment.

目的とする反応生成物を高純度で得るためには、圧力は低く、高温度で実施した方が好ましい。なお、基板表面ないしその近傍空間領域に対して紫外光を照射して励起する際、プラズマ8を併せて照射する態様も一つの実施の態様である。図1において、プラズマトーチ7は、この態様を示すものであり、反応ガス及びプラズマ8が基板に向けて照射されるよう、反応ガス導入口と、プラズマトーチ7とが基板に向けて一体に設定されている。   In order to obtain the target reaction product with high purity, it is preferable to carry out the reaction at a high temperature at a low pressure. An embodiment in which the plasma 8 is also irradiated when the substrate surface or the space region in the vicinity thereof is excited by being irradiated with ultraviolet light is also an embodiment. In FIG. 1, a plasma torch 7 shows this mode, and the reaction gas inlet and the plasma torch 7 are integrally set toward the substrate so that the reaction gas and the plasma 8 are irradiated toward the substrate. Has been.

本発明の実施形態に係る窒化ホウ素膜体は、以上の反応容器を用いて作製されるが、以下さらに図面及び具体的な実施形態に基づいて、Sp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を電子放出材料として利用する帯電部について説明する。ただし、以下に開示する実施形態は、あくまでも本発明を容易に理解するための一助として開示するものであって、これによって本発明は限定されるものではない。 The boron nitride film body according to the embodiment of the present invention is manufactured using the above reaction vessel. Hereinafter, based on the drawings and specific embodiments, the Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film body is converted into an electron emission material. The charging unit used as will be described. However, the embodiment disclosed below is disclosed as an aid for easily understanding the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereby.

すなわち、本発明は、電界電子放出特性に優れた表面形状が気相反応によって自己造形的に形成されてなる、電界電子放出特性に優れたSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体とその製造方法(図1参照)を提供し、また、電子放出材料としての用途発明(帯電部での利用)を提供するものであり、かかる目的が達成しうる限り、反応条件等は適宜変更、設定することができることはいうまでもない。 That is, the present invention provides an Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film body having excellent field electron emission characteristics, in which a surface shape having excellent field electron emission characteristics is formed by self-modeling by a gas phase reaction, and a method for producing the same (FIG. 1) and a use invention as an electron emission material (utilization in a charging part), and the reaction conditions can be appropriately changed and set as long as the object can be achieved. Needless to say.

以下、図2及び図3を用いて、非接触で帯電を行う構成について説明する。図2に示すように、静電潜像担持体14に対向した位置に電極12を設け、その電極12上に電子放出材料層10が形成される。具体的には、微小突起を有するSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体11を形成する。この状態で、静電潜像担持体14と電極12の間に電界を印加すると、窒化ホウ素膜体11の微小突起より電子が放出され、その電子により大気中の酸素等が活性化されて、イオン化微粒子(図2、点線矢印)を生成し、これらの微粒子が静電潜像担持体14上に捕獲されて、静電潜像担持体14が一様に帯電される。 Hereinafter, a configuration in which charging is performed in a non-contact manner will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. As shown in FIG. 2, an electrode 12 is provided at a position facing the electrostatic latent image carrier 14, and the electron emission material layer 10 is formed on the electrode 12. Specifically, the Sp 3 bonding boron nitride film body 11 having minute protrusions is formed. In this state, when an electric field is applied between the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 and the electrode 12, electrons are emitted from the minute protrusions of the boron nitride film 11, and oxygen and the like in the atmosphere are activated by the electrons. Ionized fine particles (FIG. 2, dotted arrows) are generated, and these fine particles are captured on the electrostatic latent image carrier 14, and the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 is uniformly charged.

別の構成としては、図3に示すように、微小突起を有するSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体11を有する電極12と静電潜像担持体14との間に金属グリッド15を設けて、金属グリッド15と電極12の間で電界を印加することで、一様なイオン化微粒子の霧(図3、点線矢印)を作製し、その後、金属グリッド15と静電潜像担持体14との間に電界を印加して、静電潜像担持体14表面を帯電する構成でもよい。 As another configuration, as shown in FIG. 3, a metal grid 15 is provided between an electrode 12 having an Sp 3 -bonded boron nitride film body 11 having minute protrusions and an electrostatic latent image carrier 14, By applying an electric field between the grid 15 and the electrode 12, a uniform mist of ionized fine particles (FIG. 3, dotted arrow) is produced, and then between the metal grid 15 and the electrostatic latent image carrier 14. A configuration in which an electric field is applied to charge the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 may be employed.

図2又は図3に示したような、静電潜像担持体14に対し非接触で帯電を行う構成は、静電潜像担持体14上の残トナーや紙粉等の不純物が窒化ホウ素膜体11を有する電極12には付着しにくい構成ではあるが、長期間使用すると、徐々に不純物が窒化ホウ素膜体表面に付着する恐れがある。従って、窒化ホウ素膜体表面を洗浄する手段を設けることが望ましい。しかし、従来のコロトロンやスコロトロン放電手段による帯電装置における放電ワイヤー洗浄手段がワイヤーを定期的にふき取る手段を帯電装置筐体カバー13内に設けたようには、窒化ホウ素膜体表面を洗浄することは容易ではない。   The configuration in which the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 is charged in a non-contact manner as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 is such that impurities such as residual toner and paper powder on the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 are boron nitride films. Although it is difficult to adhere to the electrode 12 having the body 11, impurities may gradually adhere to the surface of the boron nitride film body when used for a long time. Therefore, it is desirable to provide means for cleaning the surface of the boron nitride film body. However, the surface of the boron nitride film body cannot be cleaned as the discharge wire cleaning means in the charging device using the conventional corotron or scorotron discharging means has a means for periodically wiping the wire in the charging device housing cover 13. It's not easy.

ここで、図2に示すように、静電潜像担持体14表面と電極12間の距離が離れすぎると、電極12表面の窒化ホウ素膜体11より大気中へ放出された電子によりイオン化した微粒子(図中、点線矢印で示す)が静電潜像表面に着弾せず、大気中へ拡散し、帯電不良を発生する恐れがある。従って、静電潜像担持体14と電極12表面との距離はできるだけ近いことが望ましい。   Here, as shown in FIG. 2, if the distance between the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 and the electrode 12 is too large, fine particles ionized by electrons emitted from the boron nitride film 11 on the surface of the electrode 12 into the atmosphere. (Shown by dotted arrows in the figure) does not land on the surface of the electrostatic latent image, but diffuses into the atmosphere, which may cause a charging failure. Therefore, it is desirable that the distance between the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 and the surface of the electrode 12 is as short as possible.

このため、電極12上の窒化ホウ素膜体表面が残トナー等により汚染されても、その汚染物質を除去する機構を、極めて狭い上記の静電潜像担持体14と電極12表面との間に配置することが困難である。また、図3に示すように、電極12と金属グリッド15の間隔も極めて狭く、上記同様に電極12上の窒化ホウ素膜体表面の汚染物質を除去する機構を設けることが困難である。   For this reason, even if the surface of the boron nitride film on the electrode 12 is contaminated by residual toner or the like, a mechanism for removing the contaminant is provided between the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 and the surface of the electrode 12 that is extremely narrow. It is difficult to place. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the distance between the electrode 12 and the metal grid 15 is also extremely narrow, and it is difficult to provide a mechanism for removing contaminants on the surface of the boron nitride film on the electrode 12 as described above.

そこで、本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部は、上記静電潜像担持体に対して非接触とされた構成を備えて移動可能な電極を配置し、電界電子放出特性に優れた部材を、移動可能な電極上に形成し、且つ、電極上の電界電子放出特性に優れた部材表面を洗浄する手段を配置する。以下、図4を用いて具体的に説明する。   Therefore, the charging unit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a movable electrode having a configuration that is non-contacted with the electrostatic latent image carrier, and a member having excellent field electron emission characteristics. A means for cleaning a member surface formed on a movable electrode and having excellent field electron emission characteristics on the electrode is disposed. Hereinafter, this will be specifically described with reference to FIG.

図4は、本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の概略図である。本実施形態では、例えば、移動可能な電極として、シームレスニッケルベルトや金属薄膜を形成したシームレスポリイミドフィルムやシームレスPETフィルムのごとき無端ベルトを用いることが考え得る。無端ベルト(ベルト状電極)17を、図4に示すように、搬送ローラを用いて回転可能な状態とする。この無端ベルト17の一部に駆動を有する洗浄ローラ16を接触させ、無端ベルト17は洗浄ローラ16より駆動力を受け渡してつれまわる。   FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the charging unit according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, for example, it is conceivable to use an endless belt such as a seamless nickel belt, a seamless polyimide film formed with a metal thin film, or a seamless PET film as the movable electrode. As shown in FIG. 4, the endless belt (belt-shaped electrode) 17 is brought into a rotatable state using a conveyance roller. A cleaning roller 16 having driving is brought into contact with a part of the endless belt 17, and the endless belt 17 is driven by the driving force from the cleaning roller 16.

無端ベルト17の表面には、上記のプラズマガス及び紫外光領域の波長を有する光照射により窒化ホウ素膜体11を形成する。更に、無端ベルト17の裏面もしくは側面に電界を印加するための導線18との接触部を設ける。ベルト状電極17を移動可能とし、仮にベルト状電極17上の窒化ホウ素膜体11が汚染されても、無端ベルト(ベルト状電極)17を移動させて、汚染部分を静電潜像担持体14近くから洗浄ローラ16まで移動させて、汚染物質を除去する。   A boron nitride film body 11 is formed on the surface of the endless belt 17 by irradiation with light having a wavelength in the plasma gas and the ultraviolet light region. Furthermore, a contact portion with the conductor 18 for applying an electric field is provided on the back surface or side surface of the endless belt 17. Even if the boron nitride film 11 on the belt-like electrode 17 is contaminated, the belt-like electrode 17 can be moved, and the endless belt (belt-like electrode) 17 is moved to remove the contaminated portion from the electrostatic latent image carrier 14. It is moved from near to the cleaning roller 16 to remove contaminants.

また、画像形成時に、静電潜像担持体14の移動方向に合わせて、ベルト状電極17を常時移動させることも考え得る。これにより、常に洗浄された窒化ホウ素膜体面を提供でき、安定した帯電が可能となる。本実施形態の概略図を図5に示す。なお、図5は、ベルト状電極17と静電潜像担持体14との間に金属グリッド15を設けた構成である。   It is also conceivable to always move the belt-like electrode 17 in accordance with the moving direction of the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 during image formation. As a result, a constantly cleaned boron nitride film body surface can be provided, and stable charging becomes possible. A schematic diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which a metal grid 15 is provided between the belt-like electrode 17 and the electrostatic latent image carrier 14.

上記実施形態により、静電潜像担持体14と電子放出部材を有する帯電手段との間隔が極めて狭くても、電子放出部材表面に付着した汚染物質を容易に除去することが可能であり、帯電手段の耐久性が飛躍的に向上する。また、非接触帯電ローラの場合は、静電潜像担持体14と同速度で回転しないと帯電性が安定しないのに対し、本実施形態は、静電潜像担持体14の周速度よりも遅い速度で移動することが可能であり、十分な洗浄ができる優位性をもつ。   According to the above embodiment, even if the interval between the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 and the charging means having the electron emission member is extremely narrow, it is possible to easily remove the contaminants attached to the surface of the electron emission member. The durability of the means is greatly improved. Further, in the case of a non-contact charging roller, the charging property is not stabilized unless it rotates at the same speed as the electrostatic latent image carrier 14, whereas in the present embodiment, the circumferential speed of the electrostatic latent image carrier 14 is higher than that. It can move at a slow speed and has the advantage of sufficient cleaning.

更に、他の実施形態としては、図6に示すように、ベルト状電極17を、シート状として巻き取り、少しずつ移動させることも考え得る。また、図7に示すように、ローラ状部材に電極(ローラ状(回転体状)電極20)を設け、更にその表面に窒化ホウ素膜体を形成する構成とし、ローラに圧接して駆動する洗浄ローラ16を設ける構成も考え得る。   Furthermore, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to wind the belt-like electrode 17 as a sheet and move it little by little. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a roller-shaped member is provided with an electrode (roller-shaped (rotating body) electrode 20), and further a boron nitride film is formed on the surface thereof. A configuration in which the roller 16 is provided is also conceivable.

上記実施形態により、移動可能な電極がフィルム状形状であるため、電極の移動を容易とする素材を用いることができ、装置の簡素化に効果がある。また、移動可能な電極が回転体形状であるため、回転体を用いることで、製造コストを下げることが可能となる。また、移動可能な電極をエンドレスベルト状形状にすることで、つなぎ目の帯電不良を防止でき、帯電均一性が向上する。   According to the embodiment, since the movable electrode has a film shape, a material that facilitates the movement of the electrode can be used, which is effective in simplifying the apparatus. Moreover, since the movable electrode has a rotating body shape, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by using the rotating body. Further, by forming the movable electrode in an endless belt shape, charging failure at the joint can be prevented, and charging uniformity is improved.

また、上記洗浄手段を電子放出部位から一番離れた位置(対峙する位置)に配置することで、電子放出への影響を回避でき、帯電が安定する。また、上記実施形態において用いるSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体は、最も耐久性に優れ、且つ、電子放出特性に優れる部材であり、これにより、信頼性・耐久性が向上する。 Further, by arranging the cleaning means at a position farthest from the electron emission site (a position facing the electron emission site), the influence on the electron emission can be avoided and the charging is stabilized. Further, the Sp 3 bonded boron nitride film used in the above embodiment is a member having the most excellent durability and excellent electron emission characteristics, thereby improving the reliability and durability.

次に、本発明の実施形態に係る洗浄手段について説明する。洗浄手段としては、粘着性を有するローラ状部材が望ましい(洗浄ローラ16)。窒化ホウ素膜体表面は、大気中で効率よく電子を放出するためには、微細な突起形状を有していることが重要で、この表面にトナー等の汚染物質が付着した場合、ウエスのごとき不織布でかきとってしまうと、微小突起に損傷が発生する恐れがある。このため、汚染物質の除去には擦ることのない手段が望ましく、最も効果を有するのが粘着性部材を接触させて、取り去る方法である。これにより、電子放出部材表面の擦れによる劣化を防止でき、耐久性が向上する。   Next, the cleaning means according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. As the cleaning means, an adhesive roller-like member is desirable (cleaning roller 16). It is important for the boron nitride film body surface to have fine protrusions in order to efficiently emit electrons in the atmosphere. When contaminants such as toner adhere to this surface, If scratched with a nonwoven fabric, there is a risk of damage to the microprotrusions. For this reason, a means without rubbing is desirable for removing contaminants, and the most effective method is to bring the adhesive member into contact and remove it. Thereby, deterioration due to rubbing on the surface of the electron-emitting member can be prevented, and durability is improved.

図示していないが、粘着部材表面の汚染物質が体積すると粘着性が劣化するため、更に粘着層を洗浄する手段を設けてもよい。これにより、洗浄手段を複数設けることで汚染度合いに応じて洗浄が可能となり、確実な洗浄ができる。   Although not shown, since the adhesiveness deteriorates when the amount of contaminants on the surface of the adhesive member is increased, a means for further cleaning the adhesive layer may be provided. Thus, by providing a plurality of cleaning means, it becomes possible to perform cleaning according to the degree of contamination, and reliable cleaning can be performed.

次に、窒化ホウ素膜体表面に付着した汚染物質を除去するタイミングについていくつか考え得る。例えば、移動可能な電極を画像形成動作時に、少しずつ移動させて除去するモードと、定期的に移動して除去するモードである。汚染物質を完全に除去するためには、装置が稼動していないタイミングでじっくりと行うことが望ましく、定期的に洗浄できるモードが必要である。逆に、定期的に洗浄のみであると、洗浄する間隔が長い場合、汚染物質が堆積して除去しにくくなるため、装置を稼動しているときに徐々に洗浄するモードが必要である。   Next, some timings for removing contaminants attached to the surface of the boron nitride film body can be considered. For example, there are a mode in which a movable electrode is moved and removed little by little during an image forming operation, and a mode in which it is moved and removed periodically. In order to completely remove the pollutant, it is desirable to perform it carefully at a timing when the apparatus is not in operation, and a mode in which cleaning can be performed periodically is necessary. On the other hand, when only cleaning is performed regularly, if the cleaning interval is long, contaminants accumulate and become difficult to remove, so a mode of gradual cleaning when the apparatus is in operation is necessary.

以下に、本発明の実施形態に係る画像形成装置について、詳述する。なお、これらは最適と考えられる一実施形態であり、本発明はこれに限定されない。   Hereinafter, an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, these are one embodiment considered to be optimal, and the present invention is not limited to this.

本実施形態に係る画像形成装置は、静電潜像担持体には、負帯電OPC感光体を用い、画像信号に応じて光照射する光走査書き込み手段、ポリエステル樹脂を基体とするトナーを含む現像剤を用いて静電潜像の可視像処理を行う現像手段、紙媒体への転写手段、紙媒体上のトナーを熱圧力定着する手段、とを有する。   In the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment, a negatively charged OPC photosensitive member is used as the electrostatic latent image carrier, optical scanning writing means for irradiating light according to an image signal, and development including toner based on polyester resin. Developing means for performing visible image processing of the electrostatic latent image using the agent, means for transferring to the paper medium, and means for fixing the toner on the paper medium by heat and pressure.

更に、周長30mm、厚み100μm、幅300mのニッケルシームレスフィルムの電極と、この電極の表面に下記の製造方法で窒化ホウ素膜体を形成し、かかるベルト状電極を、図4のように搬送ローラにセットし、筐体カバー13に収め、対峙する部分にブタジエンゴムを形成した駆動ローラを圧した構成の帯電装置を配置する。感光体と電極12との距離は0.2mm離して配置する。   Further, a nickel seamless film electrode having a circumference of 30 mm, a thickness of 100 μm, and a width of 300 m, and a boron nitride film body is formed on the surface of the electrode by the following manufacturing method. The charging device is placed in the housing cover 13 and pressed with a driving roller formed of butadiene rubber on the facing portion. The distance between the photoconductor and the electrode 12 is 0.2 mm apart.

次に、本実施形態に係る電子放出部材を形成したべルト状電極の製造方法について説明する。アルゴン流量2SLM、水素流量50sccmの混合希釈ガス流中にジボラン流量10sccm及び、アンモニア流量20sccmを導入し、同時にポンプにより排気することで圧力30Torrに保った雰囲気中にて、加熱により800℃に保持したシームレスニッケルベルト上に、エキシマレーザー紫外光を照射した。60分の合成時間により、目的とする薄膜を得た。薄膜生成物をx線回折法により同定した結果、この試料の結晶系は六方晶であり、Sp結合による5H型多形構造で、格子定数は、a=2.52Å、c=10.5Åであった。 Next, the manufacturing method of the belt-like electrode in which the electron emission member according to this embodiment is formed will be described. A diborane flow rate of 10 sccm and an ammonia flow rate of 20 sccm were introduced into a mixed dilution gas flow having an argon flow rate of 2 SLM and a hydrogen flow rate of 50 sccm, and simultaneously maintained at 800 ° C. by heating in an atmosphere maintained at a pressure of 30 Torr by exhausting with a pump. Excimer laser ultraviolet light was irradiated on the seamless nickel belt. The target thin film was obtained after a synthesis time of 60 minutes. As a result of identifying the thin film product by the x-ray diffraction method, the crystal system of this sample is a hexagonal crystal, which is a 5H type polymorphic structure with Sp 3 bond, and the lattice constants are a = 2.52Å and c = 10.5Å. Met.

走査型電子顕微鏡像によって観察した結果、この薄膜は電界集中の生じやすい先端の尖った円錐状の突起構造物(数ミクロンから数十ミクロンメーターの長さ)に覆われた特異な表面形状が自己造形的に形成されていることが観察された。   As a result of observation with a scanning electron microscope image, this thin film has a unique surface shape covered with a conical protrusion structure (having a length of several to several tens of micrometers) with a sharp tip that is likely to cause electric field concentration. It was observed that it was formed in a fashionable manner.

次に、本実施形態に係る帯電特性の結果について説明する。上記ベルト状電極と感光体との間に、電界強度15−20(V/μm)において電界を印加し、電流密度1.3A/cmの電子放出がなされていることを確認した。このため、感光体表面は静電潜像を形成するのに十分な帯電が成され、良好な画像形成を行うことができた。 Next, a result of charging characteristics according to the present embodiment will be described. An electric field was applied between the belt-shaped electrode and the photoreceptor at an electric field strength of 15-20 (V / μm), and it was confirmed that electrons were emitted with a current density of 1.3 A / cm 2 . For this reason, the surface of the photoreceptor was sufficiently charged to form an electrostatic latent image, and good image formation could be performed.

更に、図4の洗浄ローラ16を5mm/分の移動速度で回転し、ベルトを徐々に移動させながら画像形成を行ったところ、洗浄ローラ16表面は黒くなるが、10000枚印字しても帯電特性は維持され良好な画像を印刷することができた。   Further, when the image is formed while the cleaning roller 16 in FIG. 4 is rotated at a moving speed of 5 mm / min and the belt is gradually moved, the surface of the cleaning roller 16 becomes black. Was maintained and a good image could be printed.

以下に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る画像形成装置について、詳述する。まず、装置構成について説明する。静電潜像担持体として負帯電OPC感光体を用い、画像信号に応じて光照射する光走査書き込み手段、ポリエステル樹脂を基体とするトナーを含む現像剤を用いて静電潜像の可視像処理を行う現像手段、紙媒体への転写手段、紙媒体上のトナーを熱圧力定着する手段、とを有した画像形成装置である。   Hereinafter, an image forming apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. First, the apparatus configuration will be described. Visible image of electrostatic latent image using negatively charged OPC photoconductor as electrostatic latent image carrier, optical scanning writing means for irradiating light according to image signal, developer including toner based on polyester resin An image forming apparatus includes: a developing unit that performs processing; a transfer unit to a paper medium; and a unit that heat-presses and fixes toner on the paper medium.

更に、直径60mm、幅300mのAl製ローラを電極として、その表面に下記の製造方法で窒化ホウ素膜体を形成したローラを図7のように筐体カバー13に収め、対峙する部分にブタジエンゴムを形成した駆動ローラを圧した構成の帯電装置を配置する。感光体と電極12との距離は0.2mm離して配置する。   Further, an Al roller having a diameter of 60 mm and a width of 300 m is used as an electrode, and a roller having a boron nitride film body formed on the surface thereof by the following manufacturing method is housed in the housing cover 13 as shown in FIG. A charging device having a configuration in which a driving roller formed with pressure is pressed is disposed. The distance between the photoconductor and the electrode 12 is 0.2 mm apart.

次に、本実施形態に係る電子放出部材を形成したべルト状電極の製造について説明する。アルゴン流量2SLM、水素流量50sccmの混合希釈ガス流中にジボラン流量10sccm及び、アンモニア流量20sccmを導入し、同時にポンプにより排気することで圧力30Torrに保った雰囲気中にて、出力800w、周波数13.56MHzのRFプラズマを発生し、加熱により900℃に保持したAl製ローラ基板上に、エキシマレーザー紫外光を照射する(図1参照)。60分の合成時間により、薄膜生成物を得た。この薄膜生成物をx線回折法により同定した結果、結晶系は六方晶であり、Sp結合による5H型多形構造で、格子定数は、a=2.5Å、c=10.4Åであった。 Next, the production of the belt-like electrode on which the electron emission member according to this embodiment is formed will be described. In an atmosphere maintained at a pressure of 30 Torr by introducing a diborane flow rate of 10 sccm and an ammonia flow rate of 20 sccm into a mixed dilution gas flow with an argon flow rate of 2 SLM and a hydrogen flow rate of 50 sccm, and simultaneously evacuating with a pump, the output is 800 w and the frequency is 13.56 MHz. The RF plasma is generated, and excimer laser ultraviolet light is irradiated onto an Al roller substrate maintained at 900 ° C. by heating (see FIG. 1). A thin film product was obtained after a synthesis time of 60 minutes. As a result of identifying this thin film product by x-ray diffractometry, the crystal system was hexagonal and it was a 5H polymorphic structure with Sp 3 bonds, and the lattice constants were a = 2.5Å and c = 10.4Å. It was.

走査型電子顕微鏡像によって観察した結果、この薄膜は電界集中の生じやすい先端の尖った円錐状の突起構造物(数ミクロンから数十ミクロンメーターの長さ)に覆われた特異な表面形状が自己造形的に形成されていることが観察された。この薄膜の電界電子放出特性を調べるため、径1mmの円柱状の金属電極12を表面から40マイクロメータ離して真空中で薄膜−電極12間に電圧を印可し、電子放出量を測定した。その結果、図8に示すデータが得られた。すなわち、電界強度18−22(V/μm)において、電流密度の増大が見られ、22(V/μm)において、測定用高圧電源の限界電流値(1.3A/cm相当)にて飽和していることが明らかとなった。すなわち、上記実施形態と同様、安定した材料が得られたことが確認された。 As a result of observation with a scanning electron microscope image, this thin film has a unique surface shape covered with a conical protrusion structure (having a length of several to several tens of micrometers) with a sharp tip that is likely to cause electric field concentration. It was observed that it was formed in a fashionable manner. In order to investigate the field electron emission characteristics of the thin film, a cylindrical metal electrode 12 having a diameter of 1 mm was separated from the surface by 40 micrometers, a voltage was applied between the thin film and the electrode 12 in a vacuum, and an electron emission amount was measured. As a result, the data shown in FIG. 8 was obtained. That is, an increase in current density was observed at an electric field strength of 18-22 (V / μm), and saturation at the limit current value (equivalent to 1.3 A / cm 2 ) of the high-voltage power supply for measurement at 22 (V / μm). It became clear that That is, it was confirmed that a stable material was obtained as in the above embodiment.

次に、本実施形態に係る帯電特性の結果について説明する。上記ローラ状電極と感光体との間に、電界強度22(V/μm)において電界を印加し、電流密度1.3A/cmの電子放出がなされていることを確認した。このため、感光体表面は静電潜像を形成するのに十分な帯電が成され、良好な画像形成をおこなうことができる。 Next, a result of charging characteristics according to the present embodiment will be described. An electric field was applied between the roller electrode and the photoreceptor at an electric field strength of 22 (V / μm), and it was confirmed that electrons were emitted with a current density of 1.3 A / cm 2 . For this reason, the surface of the photosensitive member is sufficiently charged to form an electrostatic latent image, and good image formation can be performed.

更に、図7の洗浄ローラ16を5mm/分の移動速度で回転し、ベルトを徐々に移動させながら画像形成を行ったところ、洗浄ローラ16表面は黒くなるが、10000枚印字しても帯電特性は維持され良好な画像を印刷することができた。   Further, when the image is formed while rotating the cleaning roller 16 of FIG. 7 at a moving speed of 5 mm / min and gradually moving the belt, the surface of the cleaning roller 16 becomes black. Was maintained and a good image could be printed.

本発明の実施形態に係るSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を得るための気相反応の概要を示す図である。Is a diagram showing an overview of the gas phase reaction to give the Sp 3 binding boron nitride film body according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の基本的な構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the basic composition of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の基本的な構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the basic composition of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る帯電部の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る電子放出部材の電界電子放出特性を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the field electron emission characteristic of the electron emission member which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 反応容器
2 ガス導入口
3 ガス流出口
4 窒化ホウ素析出基板
5 光学窓
6 エキシマ紫外レーザ
7 プラズマトーチ
8 プラズマ
10 電子放出材料層
11 微小突起を有するSp結合性窒化ホウ素膜体
12 電極
13 筐体カバー
14 静電潜像担持体
15 金属グリッド
16 洗浄ローラ
17 ベルト状電極
18 導線
20 回転体状電極
Sp 3 binding boron nitride film body 12 electrodes 13 housing having a first reaction vessel 2 gas introduction port 3 gas outlet 4 boron nitride deposition substrate 5 optical window 6 excimer ultraviolet laser 7 plasma torch 8 Plasma 10 emission material layer 11 microprojections Body cover 14 Electrostatic latent image carrier 15 Metal grid 16 Cleaning roller 17 Belt electrode 18 Conductor 20 Rotating body electrode

Claims (2)

静電潜像担持体上に形成される静電潜像の可視像処理を行う可視像手段を備える画像形成装置であって、
前記静電潜像担持体を帯電する帯電手段と、
前記帯電手段を洗浄する1以上の洗浄ローラと、を備え、
前記帯電手段は、
前記静電潜像担持体に対して非接触かつ移動可能なベルト形状の電極であり、
前記電極は、
電界を印加するための導線と接触し、
突起形状のSp 3 結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を有し、
イオン化微粒子の霧を作製して前記静電潜像担持体を帯電する構成を備え、
前記洗浄ローラは、
前記電極に対峙する位置に配置され、
表面に粘着性部材を備え、該粘着性部材により前記電極の突起形状のSp 3 結合性窒化ホウ素膜体を洗浄することを特徴とする画像形成装置。
An image forming apparatus comprising visible image means for performing visible image processing of an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrier,
Charging means for charging the electrostatic latent image carrier;
One or more cleaning rollers for cleaning the charging means,
The charging means includes
A belt-shaped electrode that is non-contacting and movable with respect to the electrostatic latent image carrier;
The electrode is
In contact with a conductor for applying an electric field,
Protrusion-shaped Sp 3 bond boron nitride film body,
Comprising a mist of ionized fine particles to charge the electrostatic latent image carrier,
The cleaning roller is
Arranged at a position facing the electrode,
An image forming apparatus comprising an adhesive member on a surface, and cleaning the Sp 3 bonding boron nitride film body having a protruding shape of the electrode with the adhesive member .
前記洗浄ローラは、定期的に洗浄動作を行うモードと、画像形成時と同時に洗浄動作を行うモードと、のいずれか1以上のモードに基づき洗浄動作を行うことを特徴とする請求項記載の画像形成装置。 The cleaning roller is a mode for periodically cleaning operation, a mode for cleaning operations during image formation at the same time, of claim 1, wherein the performing the wash action based on any one or more modes Image forming apparatus.
JP2006071673A 2006-03-15 2006-03-15 Image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4890897B2 (en)

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JP4272936B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2009-06-03 株式会社東芝 Image forming apparatus
JP3783057B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2006-06-07 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 Sp3-bonded boron nitride thin film having a self-formation surface shape utilizing field electron emission characteristics, its production method and use
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