JP4884622B2 - Heat forming method for coated steel sheet with excellent appearance - Google Patents

Heat forming method for coated steel sheet with excellent appearance Download PDF

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JP4884622B2
JP4884622B2 JP2001299181A JP2001299181A JP4884622B2 JP 4884622 B2 JP4884622 B2 JP 4884622B2 JP 2001299181 A JP2001299181 A JP 2001299181A JP 2001299181 A JP2001299181 A JP 2001299181A JP 4884622 B2 JP4884622 B2 JP 4884622B2
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steel sheet
heating
plated steel
forming method
heat
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JP2003105445A (en
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毅晴 片岡
宏之 石松
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高い機械強度と優れたプレス成形性を両立するための高温プレス成形に使用する加熱成形用鋼板の加熱成形方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、環境保護と地球温暖化を防止するため、化石燃料の消費を抑制する動きが強まっており、移動手段として我々の生活に欠かせない自動車においても車体の軽量化が強く求められている。
この軽量化を達成するためには、従来に比べ高い機械強度を有する材料を使用することが必要となるが、一般に高い強度を有する材料は曲げ加工などの成形加工において形状凍結性が低下する傾向にあり、また複雑な形状のものに対しては成形そのものが困難である。これらの問題を解決する方法のひとつとして鋼板を800℃以上の高温に加熱し、プレス加工を行った後冷却するいわゆる高温(ホット)プレスによる方法が有望である。高温プレスに使用する鋼板はめっきを行っていない材料を用いた場合、鋼板を800℃以上の高温に加熱するために表面に酸化物(スケール)が発生し、それを取り除くための工程が必要となる。また、耐食性を必要とする部材などでは、表面に防錆処理や金属被覆する必要があり、表面清浄化工程、表面処理工程が必要となる。
これらの欠点を克服する方法として、特開2000−38640公報に開示されているように、Al(アルミニウム)系の金属被覆を施した鋼板を用いる知見が示されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記した加熱成形用鋼板では、目的とする材料強度は得られるものの、プレス加工前の予備加熱条件によっては、めっき表層に生成するAlとFeの金属間化合物の酸化物(スケール)が発生し、外観を損ねると共に表面に塗装が出来なくなるといった問題点があった。
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、加熱時における金属間化合物の酸化反応を制御することで美麗な外観を有し、かつ優れた被塗装性を可能とする外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的に沿う発明に係る外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法は、アルミを主体とするめっき鋼板を、少なくとも450℃以上の温度範囲の雰囲気中の酸素濃度を20%以下とし、最高加熱温度を800〜1000℃にして加熱し高温成形している。
このようにめっきした鋼板を成形加工するための加熱中の酸素濃度を設定するので、加熱中に形成されるめっき層と鋼板(Fe)の金属間化合物の酸化による変色を防止することができる。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。
ここに図1は本発明の一実施の形態に係る外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を使用した加熱雰囲気の説明図、図2は同外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を使用した変形例に係る加熱雰囲気の説明図である。
本発明の一実施の形態に係る外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法は、厚みが例えば1〜2mm程度で、例えば自動車の製造に使用するめっきした鋼板を、めっきに使用した金属の融点以上、例えば800〜1000℃程度に加熱し、プレス加工(成形加工)を行なった後冷却するいわゆる高温(ホット)プレスを行なう場合に適用する方法で、鋼板の加熱を20%以下の酸素濃度の雰囲気下で行なう方法である。
【0006】
なお、本実施の形態では、図1に示すように、酸素濃度を20%以下(例えば、15%)として加熱した。このめっきした鋼板は、例えば0.15<C<0.5、0.15<Mn<0.5、0.1<Si<0.5、0.01<Cr<1、Ti<0.2、Al<0.1、P<0.1、S<0.05、0.0005<B<0.08の成分を有し、残部がFeと不可避的不純物で構成されている。なお、単位はwt%である。以下、詳しく説明する。
めっきに使用する金属としては、Alを主体とする金属として、例えば純Al、Al−10Si、Al−Si−Cr等を、また、Snを主体とする金属として、例えば純Snやその合金等を使用できる。
めっきにAlを主体とする金属を使用した場合、鋼板を加熱することで、めっき皮膜(この実施の形態では5〜30μm程度の厚み)の表層部に、Alと鋼板の成分であるFeとの金属間化合物、例えばFeAl3 が形成される。この金属間化合物は耐酸化性がAlに比べて劣るが、加熱時の酸素濃度を15%としているため、前記金属間化合物が酸化されることを防止できる。
また、図2に示すように、めっきにAlを主体とする金属を使用した場合、Alそのものは良好な耐酸化性を有していることから、AlとFeの金属間化合物が形成される温度(ここでは450℃)以上の温度域のみ酸素濃度を20%以下とすれば金属間化合物の酸化を防止できる。
【0007】
【実施例】
本発明に係る外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を適用し、試験を行った結果について説明する。なお、ここではめっきした鋼板を成形加工するための加熱時に設定する最も好ましい条件、即ち常温から最高加熱温度までの領域の全ての酸素濃度を20%以下として試験を行った。熱間圧延、冷間圧延を経て製造された板厚1.2mmの冷延鋼板(C:0.20、Si:0.02、Mn:0.16、P:0.009、S:0.010、Al:0.05、Ti:0.12、Cr:0.003を有し、残部がFeと不可避的不純物からなる)を無酸化炉・還元炉方式のラインを使用して700〜800℃程度で還元焼鈍を行った後、表1に示すめっき浴に浸漬して溶融めっきを行った。なお、鋼板中の各成分の単位はwt%である。
【0008】
【表1】

Figure 0004884622
【0009】
鋼板をめっきした後は、ガスワイピングで鋼板に対するめっき付着量を片面あたり5〜30μmに調整した。このときのめっき組成は表1中の元素以外に2wt%のFeが含まれていたが、Feは浴中の機器や鋼板(ストリップ)から供給される不可避のものである。このAlを主体とする金属及びSnを主体とする金属でそれぞれめっきした鋼板を、950℃に温度設定した電気ヒーター炉に入れて表2、表3に示す酸素濃度雰囲気で加熱し、熱処理した。こうして製造しためっき鋼板について、熱処理後の鋼板の酸化状態と塗装密着性を評価した。
熱処理を行うための加熱手段としては交流による直接通電加熱を用い、表2に示す加熱パターンで熱処理を行った。なお、表2は本発明の実施例であり、表3は比較例である。また、表2、表3中の表面酸化とは、金属をめっきした鋼板の表面外観に変化がないもの、即ち良品を○、鋼板の表面外観がブルーイング(酸化膜による光の干渉色)が発生したもの、即ち不良品を×とした。また表2、表3中の被塗装性とは、金属をめっきした鋼板の加熱、冷却後に電着塗装が可能なもの、即ち良品を○、電着塗装が均一に付着しないもの、即ち不良品を×とした。
【0010】
【表2】
Figure 0004884622
【0011】
【表3】
Figure 0004884622
【0012】
符号1から10は、常温から950℃までの加熱の際の酸素濃度を全て20%以下としているため、加熱時に形成される金属間化合物の酸化を防止でき、すぐれた被塗装性が得られている。
また、符号11から13は、めっきに、いずれもAlを主体とした金属を使用しているため、常温から400℃までの加熱時の酸素濃度が21%であっても、金属間化合物の酸化を防止でき、優れた被塗装性が得られている。一方符号14から23は、いずれも前記温度域、とくに450℃以上の温度域において酸素濃度が21%と高く、被塗装性が低下した。
以上、本発明を、一実施の形態を参照して説明してきたが、本発明は何ら上記した実施の形態に記載の構成に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載されている事項の範囲内で考えられるその他の実施の形態や変形例も含むものである。
例えば、前記実施の形態においては、めっきに使用する金属として、Al及びSnを主体とした金属を使用した場合について説明したが、めっきに使用した金属の融点が、めっきした鋼板を成形加工するための加熱時における最高加熱温度(例えば800〜1000℃程度)以下で、その金属から形成される金属間化合物が成形加工時の加熱温度、即ち前記最高加熱温度より高い融点を備えた金属であれば、すべて適用可能である。
また、めっきした鋼板の加熱方法としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば誘導加熱、赤外線加熱、燃焼炉等を使用することができる。
更に酸素濃度を低減する手段についても、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば窒素、アルゴン、二酸化炭素等の非酸化性ガスであれば、すべて適用可能である。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
請求項1及び2記載の外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法においては、めっきした鋼板を成形加工するための加熱時に、所定の酸素濃度を設定するので、耐酸化性の劣る、めっきに使用した金属とFeの金属間化合物が形成されても、酸化が抑制され、表面外観が変化したり、被塗装性が低下することを防止できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態に係る外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を使用した加熱雰囲気の説明図である。
【図2】同外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法を使用した変形例に係る加熱雰囲気の説明図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat forming method for a heat forming steel sheet used for high temperature press forming in order to achieve both high mechanical strength and excellent press formability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in order to protect the environment and prevent global warming, there has been an increasing movement to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, and there is a strong demand for weight reduction in automobiles that are indispensable for our daily life as a means of transportation.
In order to achieve this weight reduction, it is necessary to use a material having a higher mechanical strength than conventional materials. Generally, a material having a higher strength tends to have a lower shape freezing property in a molding process such as bending. In addition, it is difficult to form a complicated shape. As one of the methods for solving these problems, a so-called high-temperature (hot) press method in which a steel plate is heated to a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, pressed and then cooled is promising. When the steel plate used for the high-temperature press is made of an unplated material, an oxide (scale) is generated on the surface to heat the steel plate to a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, and a process for removing it is necessary. Become. Moreover, in the member etc. which require corrosion resistance, it is necessary to carry out a rust prevention process or metal coating on the surface, and a surface cleaning process and a surface treatment process are needed.
As a method for overcoming these drawbacks, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-38640, knowledge using an aluminum (Aluminum) -based steel sheet is shown.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the above-mentioned steel sheet for heat forming can obtain the desired material strength, depending on the preheating conditions before press working, an oxide (scale) of an intermetallic compound of Al and Fe generated on the plating surface layer is generated. However, there is a problem that the appearance is impaired and the surface cannot be painted.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has a beautiful appearance by controlling the oxidation reaction of an intermetallic compound during heating, and has an excellent appearance that enables excellent coatability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating molding method.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for heat forming a plated steel sheet having excellent appearance according to the present invention in accordance with the above object is the highest heating of a plated steel sheet mainly composed of aluminum with an oxygen concentration in an atmosphere at a temperature range of at least 450 ° C. being 20% or less. Heating is performed at a temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C. to perform high temperature molding.
Since the oxygen concentration during heating for forming the plated steel sheet is set as described above, discoloration due to oxidation of an intermetallic compound between the plating layer formed during heating and the steel sheet (Fe) can be prevented.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
Here, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a heating atmosphere using a heat-forming method of a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a heat-forming method of a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance. It is explanatory drawing of the heating atmosphere which concerns on a modification.
The heat forming method of a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance according to an embodiment of the present invention has a thickness of, for example, about 1 to 2 mm, for example, a plated steel sheet used for manufacturing an automobile, or higher than the melting point of the metal used for plating. For example, in a method applied to a so-called high-temperature (hot) press in which the steel sheet is heated to about 800 to 1000 ° C. and then cooled after being pressed (molded), the steel sheet is heated at an oxygen concentration of 20% or less. This is the method performed below.
[0006]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, heating is performed with an oxygen concentration of 20% or less (for example, 15%). This plated steel sheet is, for example, 0.15 <C <0.5, 0.15 <Mn <0.5, 0.1 <Si <0.5, 0.01 <Cr <1, Ti <0.2. , Al <0.1, P <0.1, S <0.05, 0.0005 <B <0.08, and the balance is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities. The unit is wt%. This will be described in detail below.
As a metal used for plating, for example, pure Al, Al-10Si, Al-Si-Cr or the like as a metal mainly composed of Al, and pure Sn or an alloy thereof, for example, as a metal mainly composed of Sn. Can be used.
When a metal mainly composed of Al is used for plating, by heating the steel sheet, the surface layer portion of the plating film (thickness of about 5 to 30 μm in this embodiment) has Al and Fe as a component of the steel sheet. Intermetallic compounds such as FeAl 3 are formed. Although this intermetallic compound is inferior in oxidation resistance to Al, since the oxygen concentration during heating is 15%, the intermetallic compound can be prevented from being oxidized.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, when a metal mainly composed of Al is used for plating, Al itself has good oxidation resistance, so that the temperature at which an intermetallic compound of Al and Fe is formed. The oxidation of the intermetallic compound can be prevented if the oxygen concentration is 20% or less only in the temperature range (450 ° C. here) or higher.
[0007]
【Example】
The result of having applied and tested the heat-forming method of the plated steel plate with the outstanding external appearance which concerns on this invention is demonstrated. Here, the test was conducted with the most preferable condition set at the time of heating for forming the plated steel sheet, that is, the oxygen concentration in the region from room temperature to the maximum heating temperature being 20% or less. Cold rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 1.2 mm manufactured through hot rolling and cold rolling (C: 0.20, Si: 0.02, Mn: 0.16, P: 0.009, S: 0.0. 010, Al: 0.05, Ti: 0.12, Cr: 0.003, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities) using a non-oxidation furnace / reduction furnace type line 700-800 After performing reduction annealing at about ° C., it was immersed in a plating bath shown in Table 1 to perform hot dipping. In addition, the unit of each component in a steel plate is wt%.
[0008]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004884622
[0009]
After plating the steel plate, the amount of plating attached to the steel plate was adjusted to 5 to 30 μm per side by gas wiping. The plating composition at this time contained 2 wt% Fe in addition to the elements in Table 1, but Fe is unavoidable supplied from equipment in the bath or a steel plate (strip). The steel plates plated with the metal mainly composed of Al and the metal composed mainly of Sn were placed in an electric heater furnace set at a temperature of 950 ° C., heated in an oxygen concentration atmosphere shown in Tables 2 and 3, and heat-treated. About the plated steel plate manufactured in this way, the oxidation state and coating adhesiveness of the steel plate after heat processing were evaluated.
As a heating means for performing the heat treatment, direct current heating by alternating current was used, and the heat treatment was performed with the heating pattern shown in Table 2. Table 2 is an example of the present invention, and Table 3 is a comparative example. Also, the surface oxidation in Tables 2 and 3 means that there is no change in the surface appearance of the steel plate plated with metal, that is, a non-defective product, and the surface appearance of the steel plate is bluing (light interference color due to oxide film). What was generated, that is, a defective product was marked with x. The coating properties in Tables 2 and 3 are those for which electrodeposition coating can be applied after heating and cooling of a steel sheet plated with metal, that is, good products, and those for which electrodeposition coating does not adhere uniformly, that is, defective products. Was marked with x.
[0010]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004884622
[0011]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004884622
[0012]
Reference numerals 1 to 10 indicate that the oxygen concentration during heating from room temperature to 950 ° C. is all 20% or less, so that oxidation of intermetallic compounds formed during heating can be prevented, and excellent coatability is obtained. Yes.
Reference numerals 11 to 13 each use a metal mainly composed of Al for plating. Therefore, even when the oxygen concentration during heating from room temperature to 400 ° C. is 21%, the oxidation of the intermetallic compound is performed. Can be prevented, and excellent paintability is obtained. On the other hand, as for the codes | symbols 14-23, in all the said temperature range, especially the temperature range of 450 degreeC or more, oxygen concentration was as high as 21% and the coating property fell.
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and is described in the claims. Other embodiments and modifications conceivable within the scope of the above are also included.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where a metal mainly composed of Al and Sn is used as the metal used for plating is described. However, the melting point of the metal used for plating is for forming a plated steel sheet. If the intermetallic compound formed from the metal is a metal having a melting temperature higher than the maximum heating temperature, that is, the heating temperature at the time of molding, that is, the maximum heating temperature (for example, about 800 to 1000 ° C.) or less at the time of heating All are applicable.
Moreover, it does not specifically limit as a heating method of the plated steel plate, For example, induction heating, infrared heating, a combustion furnace etc. can be used.
Further, the means for reducing the oxygen concentration is not particularly limited, and any non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide or the like can be applied.
[0013]
【Effect of the invention】
In the heat forming method of the plated steel sheet having excellent appearance according to claim 1 and 2, a predetermined oxygen concentration is set at the time of heating for forming the plated steel sheet, so that the oxidation resistance is inferior and used for plating. Even if the intermetallic compound of the formed metal and Fe is formed, oxidation can be suppressed, and the surface appearance can be prevented from changing or the coatability can be prevented from being lowered.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a heating atmosphere using a method for heat-forming a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a heating atmosphere according to a modified example using a heat forming method for a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance.

Claims (2)

アルミを主体とするめっき鋼板を、少なくとも450℃以上の温度範囲の雰囲気中の酸素濃度を20%以下とし、最高加熱温度を800〜1000℃にして加熱し高温成形することを特徴とする外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法。The appearance is characterized in that a plated steel sheet mainly composed of aluminum is heated and formed at a maximum heating temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C. with an oxygen concentration of 20% or less in an atmosphere of at least 450 ° C. or higher. Excellent heat forming method for plated steel sheet. 請求項1記載のめっき鋼板の加熱成形方法において、前記めっき鋼板は、0.15<C<0.5、0.15<Mn<0.5、0.1<Si<0.5、0.01<Cr<1、Ti<0.2、Al<0.1、P<0.1、S<0.05、0.0005<B<0.08の成分を有し、残部がFeと不可避的不純物で構成されていることを特徴とする外観の優れためっき鋼板の加熱成形方法。なお、単位はwt%である。 2. The method for heat forming a plated steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the plated steel sheet is 0.15 <C <0.5, 0.15 <Mn <0.5, 0.1 <Si <0.5,. It has components of 01 <Cr <1, Ti <0.2, Al <0.1, P <0.1, S <0.05, 0.0005 <B <0.08, and the balance is inevitable with Fe. A heat-forming method for a plated steel sheet having an excellent appearance, characterized in that it is composed of a general impurity . The unit is wt%.
JP2001299181A 2001-09-28 2001-09-28 Heat forming method for coated steel sheet with excellent appearance Expired - Fee Related JP4884622B2 (en)

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KR101008042B1 (en) 2009-01-09 2011-01-13 주식회사 포스코 Aluminum Coated Steel Sheet with Excellent Corrosion Resistance and Hot Press Formed Article Using The Same and Manufacturing Method Thereof
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