JP4884141B2 - House blast system - Google Patents

House blast system Download PDF

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JP4884141B2
JP4884141B2 JP2006241543A JP2006241543A JP4884141B2 JP 4884141 B2 JP4884141 B2 JP 4884141B2 JP 2006241543 A JP2006241543 A JP 2006241543A JP 2006241543 A JP2006241543 A JP 2006241543A JP 4884141 B2 JP4884141 B2 JP 4884141B2
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net
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insect
air
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幹雄 古田
洋二 石垣
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Fulta Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本発明は、果菜類、根菜類、その他の野菜類を栽培するハウス（ビニールハウス、ガラスハウス等のハウス）の換気システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a ventilation system for a house (a house such as a vinyl house or a glass house) in which fruit vegetables, root vegetables, and other vegetables are cultivated.

ハウスにおける送風及び／又は換気システム（ハウス内の送風）は、高温障害、炭酸同化作用、その他作物の生育にとっては必要条件であるとともに、健全な生育と、収穫の拡充及び／又は品質の向上、さらには各人が所望する作物の効率的かつ簡易な栽培等にとって最低限必要となる条件である。   A ventilation and / or ventilation system in the house (in-house ventilation) is a prerequisite for high temperature failure, carbon assimilation, and other crop growth, as well as healthy growth and enhanced harvest and / or quality improvement, Furthermore, it is a minimum requirement for efficient and simple cultivation of crops desired by each person.

そして、昨今、特に要望されていることは、ハウス内の送風（空気の流れ）において、このハウスの長手方向に略水平方向の空気の流れと、広域的な空気の流れを確保する構成とすることで、例えば、送風領域の拡充と、効率的な送風を確保し、送風量の低量化と、ファンの低容量化等による経済的な効果及び／又は省資源化の達成と、ランニングコストの低廉化等にある。   And in recent years, what is particularly required is a structure that ensures a substantially horizontal air flow and a wide-area air flow in the longitudinal direction of the house in the ventilation (air flow) in the house. Thus, for example, expansion of the air blowing area and efficient air blowing are ensured, the air blowing amount is reduced, the economic effect and / or resource saving is achieved by reducing the fan capacity, and the running cost is reduced. It is in low cost.

以上の状況から、その改良と、要望に応え得る研究と、これらに関する文献も種々散見される。以下、これらに関する文献を先行技術として列挙する。   From the above situation, there are various improvements, research that can meet the demands, and various literature related to these. Hereinafter, documents related to these are listed as prior art.

［１］ 先ず、ハウスの長手方向の一方側・他方側の妻面（一方側・他方側とする）にファン及び／又は換気扇を設置し、この長手方向において、外気の導入と、これに基づき内気（室内空気）を排気する文献がある。この文献は、基本的には一方側より外気を吸込み、他方側より排気する（「対の妻面換気」とする）構成であり、何れの発明、考案も、原則として、ハウスの換気を図り、作物の高温障害の回避、病気の発生・蔓延防止等（植物の生育環境とする）を意図する。   [1] First, a fan and / or a ventilating fan are installed on one side and the other side of the house in the longitudinal direction of the house (one side and the other side). In this longitudinal direction, outside air is introduced and based on this There are documents that exhaust the inside air (room air). This document basically has a configuration in which outside air is sucked from one side and exhausted from the other side (referred to as “twinning face ventilation”). As a general rule, any invention or device is designed to ventilate the house. It is intended to avoid high-temperature damage to crops, prevent the occurrence of disease and spread (and make it a plant growth environment).

文献（１）は、特開昭６０−１４５０１６の「農業用建物の室温調節方法」で、対の妻面換気であり、天井全体に散布装置を設け、室温の調節を図る。また文献（２）は、特開平５−１８４２４５の「植物育成環境制御方法」で、前述の文献（１）と同様な構成である。さらに文献（３）は、特開平１０−１５０８６０の「ハウスの換気システム」で、対の妻面換気であり、一方側のファンに装備したダクトが伸縮する構成であり、ダクトからの水滴による弊害解除を図る。また文献（４）は、特開２００２−３４４３５の「乾麺の乾燥方法及びその施設」で、対の妻面換気であり、吊下げた乾麺素材を、略水平方向の空気の流れを介して乾燥する。   Document (1) is “Agricultural Building Room Temperature Control Method” disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-1445016, which is a pair of face ventilation, and a spraying device is provided on the entire ceiling to control the room temperature. Reference (2) is a “plant growth environment control method” disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 5-184245, and has the same configuration as the above-mentioned reference (1). Further, Document (3) is “house ventilation system” disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-150860, which is a paired face ventilation, in which a duct mounted on a fan on one side expands and contracts, and an adverse effect caused by water droplets from the duct. Try to release. Reference (4) is “Dry noodle drying method and facility thereof” in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-34435, which is a pair of face ventilation, and the suspended dry noodle material is dried through a substantially horizontal air flow. To do.

［２］ 次に、ハウスの長手方向の天井面及び／又は室内の空中に複数個の循環扇を列設し、このハウスの長手方向に室内空気を誘導する文献がある。これらの文献は、何れも、ハウスの長手方向への空気の流れを確保し、ハウス内の温湿度の均一化、又は作物の高温障害の回避、病気の発生・蔓延防止等を意図する。   [2] Next, there is a document in which a plurality of circulation fans are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface in the longitudinal direction of the house and / or in the air in the room, and indoor air is guided in the longitudinal direction of the house. All of these documents are intended to ensure the flow of air in the longitudinal direction of the house, to equalize the temperature and humidity in the house, to avoid high-temperature damage to crops, to prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases.

文献（５）は、実開昭６０−１３６６５７の「温室用循環扇」で、ハウスの天井面より循環扇を吊下かつ列設する構成であり、前述のハウス内の温湿度の均一化等を図る。また文献（６）は、特開２０００−２３２８２６の「ハウス内空気循環システム」で、前述の文献（５）と同様な構成である。   Reference (5) is a “circulating fan for greenhouses” disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-136657, which has a structure in which a circulating fan is suspended and arranged from the ceiling surface of the house. Plan. Reference (6) is an “in-house air circulation system” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-232826, and has the same configuration as the above-mentioned reference (5).

［３］ そして、害虫の侵入防止を図りつつ、植物に最適な植物栽培用施設（ハウス）及び植物栽培方法に関する文献がある。文献（７）は、特開２００４−８０４９の「植物栽培用施設及び植物栽培方法」で、施設の一方側にネットを張装し、その他方に送風手段（複数のファン）を配備し、栽培植物群の列に沿った気流を生成する。   [3] Further, there is a literature relating to a plant cultivation facility (house) and a plant cultivation method that are optimal for plants while preventing invasion of pests. Reference (7) is “Plant Cultivation Facility and Plant Cultivation Method” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-8049. A net is stretched on one side of the facility, and air blowing means (multiple fans) are deployed on the other side for cultivation. Generate airflow along the rows of plants.

特開昭６０−１４５０１６JP-A-60-145041 特開平５−１８４２４５JP 5-184245 特開平１０−１５０８６０JP-A-10-150860 特開２００２−３４４３５JP 2002-34435 A 実開昭６０−１３６６５７Shokai 60-136657 特開２０００−２３２８２６JP 2000-232826 特開２００４−８０４９JP 2004-8049 A

文献（１）〜文献（４）は、対の妻面換気であり、外気の導入と、内気の排気を図り、ハウスの環境維持を意図する。しかし、この文献（１）〜文献（４）は、ハウス内の空気の流れを画策すること及び／又は植物の生育環境設定に留まり、ハウスの長手方向に略水平方向の空気の流れと、広域的な空気の流れを確保するには、充分でないこと、またハウス内の植物の生育環境等を確保することは困難視される。   Documents (1) to (4) are paired wife ventilation, and are intended to maintain the environment of the house by introducing outside air and exhausting inside air. However, this literature (1)-literature (4) stays in the plan of the air flow in a house, and / or the growth environment setting of a plant, the air flow of the substantially horizontal direction in the longitudinal direction of a house, and wide area It is difficult to ensure a sufficient air flow, and it is difficult to secure the growth environment of plants in the house.

また文献（５）、文献（６）は、ハウス内の空気の循環、必要により外気の導入と、内気の排気を図り、ハウスの環境維持を意図する。しかし、これらの考案、発明は、ハウス内の空気の流れを確保する（循環扇の活用）に留まっており、前述の文献（１）〜文献（４）と、ほぼ同様な問題を抱えている。   References (5) and (6) are intended to maintain the environment of the house by circulating the air in the house, introducing outside air if necessary, and exhausting the inside air. However, these inventions and inventions are limited to securing the air flow in the house (utilization of a circulation fan), and have substantially the same problems as the above-mentioned literature (1) to literature (4). .

さらに文献（７）は、ハウスにネットを張装し、多数基のファンを配備する構成である。従って、装置が大型化すること、騒音の問題が発生すること等が考えられる。これらの解消が望まれる。そして、この発明の構成では、効率的な送風を確保し、送風量の低量化と、ファンの低容量化等による経済的な効果及び／又は省資源化の達成と、ランニングコストの低廉化等を図るには、少なからず問題を残すと考えられる。   Further, Document (7) is a configuration in which a net is stretched in a house and a large number of fans are provided. Therefore, it is conceivable that the apparatus becomes large and a noise problem occurs. It is desirable to eliminate these problems. In the configuration of the present invention, efficient air flow is ensured, the air flow rate is reduced, the economic effect and / or resource saving is achieved by reducing the fan capacity, and the running cost is reduced. In order to achieve this, it is thought that there will be no doubt a problem.

請求項１の発明は、ハウス内の送風方法であって、このハウスの長手方向において、略均一な略水平方向の空気の流れと、略均一な広域的な空気の流れを確保する構成とすることで、例えば、略均一な生育環境の確保と、送風領域の拡充と、効率的な送風を確保し、送風量の低量化と、ファンの低容量化等による経済的な効果及び／又は省資源化の達成と、ランニングコストの低廉化等を図ることで、例えば、次のようなことを意図する。［イ］ 先ず、ハウス内の温度の上昇の解消に役立てること、［ロ］ 次に、従来のような温熱環境的に安全な時間帯である日の出後、日没前の数時間程度に限られずに、昼夜の作業を可能とし、効率的な農作業の達成に役立てること、［ハ］ また作業温熱環境の改善に役立てること、［ニ］ 強制対流熱伝達を図り、前述の［イ］〜［ニ］の効果を達成すること、等を意図する。 The invention of claim 1 is a method for blowing air in a house, and in the longitudinal direction of the house, a substantially uniform air flow in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially uniform wide area air flow are ensured. Thus, for example, ensuring a substantially uniform growth environment, expanding the blowing area, ensuring efficient blowing, reducing the blowing volume, reducing the fan capacity, etc., and / or saving economic effects. For example, the following is intended by achieving resource recycling and reducing running costs. [I] First, to help eliminate the rise in temperature in the house, [b] Next, it is not limited to a few hours after sunset and before sunset, which is a time zone that is safe from the thermal environment as in the past. to, to allow the work day and night, to aid in achieving efficient farming, [Ha] also be useful for improving the working thermal environment, [two] aims to forced convection heat transfer, the above-described [Lee] - [d It is intended to achieve the effect of].

そして、請求項１は、前述の効果の達成で、例えば、従来の施設栽培における農作業の作業強度は、一般的には、そのＲＭＲ（エネルギー代謝率）が１〜２の極軽作業〜軽作業が中心である。そして、高温期の防虫ネットを被覆したハウスでは、日射の増加に伴い、作業者の胸から顔の付近に至っては、ＷＢＧＴ（湿球黒球温度）の上昇が激しく、例えば、日中はネット無被覆ハウスよりも高く推移し、ハウスの温熱環境的に対する問題点を解消することを意図する。   And claim 1 is achievement of the above-mentioned effect, for example, the work intensity | strength of the farm work in the conventional institution cultivation is generally very light work-light work whose RMR (energy metabolism rate) is 1-2. Is the center. In a house covered with an insect repellent net in the high temperature period, WBGT (wet bulb black bulb temperature) rises sharply from the operator's chest to the vicinity of the face as the solar radiation increases. It is intended to eliminate the problems related to the thermal environment of the house.

ハウスの両妻面に導入ファン、吸引ファン、又は強制吸込ファンでなるファンと換気扇をそれぞれ設けたハウスの送風システムであって、
このハウスの両妻面内部の天井面から、作地面積に向って、二枚の防虫ネットを、それぞれ垂架し、この垂架した一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットとの間に隙間を形成するとともに、この一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットと、前記両妻面との間に間隔をそれぞれ形成し、
この両妻面に、それぞれ設けたファン及び換気扇を介して、このハウスの一方側から、他方側に向かって、外気を導入し、この導入した外気の流れが、前記間隔により、略均一となることを利用し、このハウス内の空気の流れの略均一を図る構成としたハウスの送風システムである。 A house air blower system in which a fan and a ventilation fan each provided with an introduction fan, a suction fan, or a forced suction fan are provided on both wife faces of the house,
Two insect repellent nets are suspended from the ceiling surface inside the two wives of this house toward the land area, and between the insect repellent net on one side and the insect repellent net on the other side. Forming a gap, and forming an interval between the insect repellent net on one side and the insect repellent net on the other side, and the both wife surfaces,
Outside air is introduced from one side of the house to the other side via a fan and a ventilation fan respectively provided on the both wife surfaces, and the flow of the introduced outside air becomes substantially uniform due to the spacing. This is a house air blowing system configured to make the air flow in the house substantially uniform .

請求項４の発明は、請求項１の目的を達成すること、この目的を達成するのに最適な導入ファン及び防虫ネットの目合いの構造を提供することを意図する。 The invention of claim 4 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1 and to provide a structure of the mesh of the introduction fan and the insect net suitable for achieving the object.

請求項１に記載のハウスの送風システムであって、
前記一方側の防虫ネット、又は他方側の防虫ネットを、二枚の防虫ネット材で構成し、この二枚防虫ネット材の上部の防虫ネットの目合いを、下部の防虫ネットの目合いより大きくする構成としたハウスの送風システムである。 It is a ventilation system of the house according to claim 1,
The one side of the insect net, or the other side of the insect net, composed of two sheets of insect net member, a fit eyes of the upper portion of the insect net in this two insect net member, greater than the fit eyes of the lower insect net It is the ventilation system of the house which was constituted .

この請求項１の発明は、ハウスの両妻面に導入ファン、吸引ファン、又は強制吸込ファンでなるファンと換気扇をそれぞれ設けたハウスの送風システムであって、
ハウスの両妻面内部の天井面から、作地面積に向って、二枚の防虫ネットを、それぞれ垂架し、垂架した一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットとの間に隙間を形成するとともに、一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットと、両妻面との間に間隔をそれぞれ形成し、
両妻面に、それぞれ設けたファン及び換気扇を介して、ハウスの一方側から、他方側に向かって、外気を導入し、導入した外気の流れが、間隔により、略均一となることを利用し、このハウス内の空気の流れの略均一を図る構成としたハウスの送風システムである。 The invention of claim 1 is a house blowing system in which a fan and a ventilation fan each including an introduction fan, a suction fan, or a forced suction fan are provided on both wife surfaces of the house,
Two insect repellent nets are suspended from the ceiling surface inside the house's both wife faces toward the area of the land, and a gap is formed between the insect repellent net on one side and the insect repellent net on the other side. And forming an interval between the insect repellent net on one side, the insect repellent net on the other side, and both wife surfaces,
Utilizing the fact that outside air is introduced from one side of the house to the other side via fans and ventilation fans provided on both sides, the flow of the introduced outside air becomes substantially uniform depending on the interval. The house blower system is configured to achieve a substantially uniform flow of air in the house.

従って、請求項１は、ハウス内の送風方法であって、このハウスの長手方向において、略均一な略水平方向の空気の流れと、略均一な広域的な空気の流れを確保する構成とすることで、例えば、略均一な生育環境の確保と、送風領域の拡充と、効率的な送風を確保し、送風量の低量化と、ファンの低容量化等による経済的な効果及び／又は省資源化の達成と、ランニングコストの低廉化等が図れることで、例えば、次のような効果がある。［イ］ 先ず、ハウス内の温度の上昇の解消に役立て得ること、［ロ］ 次に、従来のような温熱環境的に安全な時間帯である日の出後、日没前の数時間程度に限られずに、昼夜の作業を可能とし、効率的な農作業の達成に役立て得ること、［ハ］ また作業温熱環境の改善に役立て得ること、［ニ］ 強制対流熱伝達を図り、前述の［イ］〜［ニ］の効果を達成できること、等である。 Accordingly, the first aspect of the present invention is a method for blowing air in a house, and in the longitudinal direction of the house, a substantially uniform air flow in a substantially horizontal direction and a substantially uniform wide area air flow are ensured. Thus, for example, ensuring a substantially uniform growth environment, expanding the blowing area, ensuring efficient blowing, reducing the blowing volume, reducing the fan capacity, etc., and / or saving economic effects. For example, the following effects can be achieved by achieving resource recycling and reducing running costs. [I] First, it can be used to eliminate the rise in the temperature in the house, [b] Next, it is limited to a few hours after sunset and before sunset, which is a time zone that is safe from the thermal environment as in the past. Without being able to work day and night, it can be used to achieve efficient farming work, [c] It can also be used to improve the work thermal environment, [d] The above-mentioned [I] That is, the effect of [ d ] can be achieved.

そして、請求項１は、前述の効果の達成で、例えば、従来の施設栽培における農作業の作業強度は、一般的には、そのＲＭＲ（エネルギー代謝率）が１〜２の極軽作業〜軽作業が中心である。そして、高温期の防虫ネットを被覆したハウスでは、日射の増加に伴い、作業者の胸から顔の付近に至っては、ＷＢＧＴ（湿球黒球温度）の上昇が激しく、例えば、日中はネット無被覆ハウスよりも高く推移し、ハウスの温熱環境的に対する問題点を解消できる利点がある。   And claim 1 is achievement of the above-mentioned effect, for example, the work intensity | strength of the farm work in the conventional institution cultivation is generally very light work-light work whose RMR (energy metabolism rate) is 1-2. Is the center. In a house covered with an insect repellent net in the high temperature period, WBGT (wet bulb black bulb temperature) rises sharply from the operator's chest to the vicinity of the face as the solar radiation increases. There is an advantage that it is higher than that of an uncoated house and can solve the problems related to the thermal environment of the house.

請求項２の発明は、請求項１に記載のハウスの送風システムであって、
一方側の防虫ネット、又は他方側の防虫ネットを、二枚の防虫ネット材で構成し、この二枚防虫ネット材の上部の防虫ネットの目合いを、下部の防虫ネットの目合いより大きくする構成としたハウスの送風システムである。 Invention of Claim 2 is a ventilation system of the house of Claim 1, Comprising :
One side of the insect net, or the other side of the insect net, composed of two sheets of insect net member, a fit eyes of the upper portion of the insect net in this two insect net member, is larger than the fit eyes of the lower insect net This is a house air blower system.

従って、請求項２は、請求項１の目的を達成できること、この目的を達成するのに最適な導入ファン及び防虫ネットの目合いの構造を提供できること等の特徴を有する。 Accordingly, the second aspect has the characteristics that the object of the first aspect can be achieved, and the structure of the mesh of the introduction fan and the insect net that is optimal for achieving the object can be provided.

本発明の一例を説明する。 An example of the present invention will be described.

図１はネット付き換気扇とネット付きファンを備えた一部省略のハウス全体の側面図、図２は図１に示した一部省略のハウス全体の俯瞰図、図３は図１に示したハウスの要部の正面図、図４は防虫ネットの一例を示した拡大斜視図、図５は防虫ネットの目合いの一例を示した拡大斜視図である。   FIG. 1 is a side view of the entire partially omitted house having a ventilation fan with a net and a fan with a net, FIG. 2 is an overhead view of the entire partially omitted house shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is the house shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of the insect-proof net, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of the mesh of the insect-proof net.

図において、単棟、連棟等のハウス１の長手方向１ａの両側面１００、１００（１００とする）に防虫ネット２、２をそれぞれ張装し、この長手方向１ａに直交する一方側の妻面１０１にファン４（導入ファン、吸引ファン、強制吸込ファン等のファン）及び／又は他方側の妻面１０１に換気扇５をそれぞれ設ける。そして、この例では、ハウス１の一方側・他方側の妻面１０１、１０１に、間隔７、７（７とする）をおいて防虫ネット８、８（８とする）を、それぞれ張装する。この張装は、ハウス１を間仕切りするように、密封、遮断状態とし、害虫の侵入防止と、益虫の逃避防止を図る構成とし、この構成によって、例えば、無農薬栽培及び／又は益虫の有効利用と、省力化等を達成する。そして、この間隔７は、ファン４を介して（導入側と排気側で）導入した外気の略均一な広域的及び／又は水平的な空気の流れを確保すること（図２参照）、又は外気の略均一な水平導入・排気方式を確保すること（図１参照）等を意図する。この間隔７は、外気の略均一な導入・排気の容易化、送風方向の変更等にも寄与できるものと考えられる。そして、これらの風の流れは、導入側と、排気側の双方において確保できるものであり、その有効性が顕著である。またこの間隔７は、ファン４及び／又は換気扇５の設置スペースの確保と、管理の容易化等に役立て得る等の実益もある。   In the drawing, insect nets 2 and 2 are respectively stretched on both side surfaces 100 and 100 (referred to as 100) in the longitudinal direction 1a of a house 1 such as a single building or a continuous building, and a wife on one side orthogonal to the longitudinal direction 1a. The fan 4 (fans such as an introduction fan, a suction fan, and a forced suction fan) is provided on the surface 101 and / or the ventilation fan 5 is provided on the wife surface 101 on the other side. In this example, insect nets 8 and 8 (referred to as 8) are respectively stretched on the wife surfaces 101 and 101 on one side and the other side of the house 1 at intervals of 7 and 7 (referred to as 7). . This upholstery is sealed and cut off so as to partition the house 1, and is configured to prevent the invasion of harmful insects and the escape of beneficial insects. With this configuration, for example, pesticide-free cultivation and / or effective use of beneficial insects And achieve labor saving. And this space | interval 7 ensures the substantially uniform wide area and / or horizontal airflow of the external air introduce | transduced via the fan 4 (in the introduction side and exhaust side) (refer FIG. 2), or external air It is intended to ensure a substantially uniform horizontal introduction / exhaust method (see FIG. 1). This interval 7 is considered to contribute to substantially uniform introduction / exhaust of outside air, change of the blowing direction, and the like. These wind flows can be ensured on both the introduction side and the exhaust side, and the effectiveness is remarkable. In addition, the interval 7 has an actual advantage that it can be used for securing an installation space for the fan 4 and / or the ventilation fan 5 and facilitating management.

また、この防虫ネット８を、防虫ネット材８００を二枚重畳し、この二枚の重畳間に隙間１０を形成する構成とし、導入した外気・ハウス１内の空気（内気）の減速を回避し、かつその流れを確保すること、また害虫の侵入防止と、益虫の逃避防止を確実に達成すること、又は保守管理の容易化、張装の簡便化等に役立てること等を意図する。そして、この隙間１０は必ずしも必要でなく、ハウス１の規模、地形・時期・作物等の栽培条件、又はファン４及び／又は換気扇５の規格等を考慮して決定される。尚、図示しないが、防虫ネット材８００の枚数は、一枚から複数枚の構成もあり得る。   Further, the insect net 8 has a configuration in which two insect nets 800 are overlapped and a gap 10 is formed between the two overlaps, so that the introduction of the introduced outside air and the air in the house 1 (inside air) is avoided. In addition, it is intended to ensure the flow, to surely prevent the invasion of pests and prevent the escape of beneficial insects, or to facilitate the maintenance management and the simplification of the tension. The gap 10 is not necessarily required, and is determined in consideration of the scale of the house 1, cultivation conditions such as topography, time, and crops, or the specifications of the fan 4 and / or the ventilation fan 5. Although not shown, the number of the insect net members 800 may be one to a plurality.

そして、この防虫ネット８は、ファン４及び／又は換気扇５との関係、即ち、ハウス１の長手方向１ａにおいて、略均一な略水平方向の空気の流れＡと、略均一な広域的な空気の流れＢを確保するために、その目合いを、上部の防虫ネット８ａの目合いを、下部の防虫ネット８ｂの目合いより大きく構成することも可能である。   The insect net 8 is connected to the fan 4 and / or the ventilation fan 5, that is, in the longitudinal direction 1a of the house 1, a substantially uniform air flow A in the substantially horizontal direction and a substantially uniform wide area air flow. In order to secure the flow B, the mesh of the upper insect net 8a may be larger than the mesh of the lower insect net 8b.

尚、図中１１はハウス１の出入口を示す。   In the figure, 11 indicates the entrance / exit of the house 1.

このような構成において、ファン４を介してハウス１の全体から略均等に外気を導入する。望ましくは、ハウス１の一方の妻面１０１に設けたファン４を介して外気を導入する。また必要により、その近傍（側面１００）の一部箇所からの外気の導入を図る。即ち、ハウス１の両妻面１０１内部に一枚又は複数枚の防虫ネット８を張装し、ファン４及び一方側の防虫ネット８を介してハウス１への外気の導入、及び他方の防虫ネット８及び換気扇５を介してハウス１の内気の排気を図るとともに、一方側のファン４及び防虫ネット８、並びに他方の防虫ネット８及び換気扇５を介して、ハウス１の長手方向１ａにおいて、略均一な略水平方向の空気の流れＡと、略均一な広域的な空気の流れＢを確保し、下記のような、ハウス１内の生育環境の均一化を確保し、また生理障害の回避を図る。尚、側面１００からの外気の導入を図ることで、前記略水平方向の空気の流れＡと、広域的な空気の流れＢに新たな外気の導入があって、総合的で、かつハウス１全域の流れが確保できる。   In such a configuration, outside air is introduced substantially uniformly from the entire house 1 through the fan 4. Desirably, outside air is introduced through a fan 4 provided on one end face 101 of the house 1. If necessary, outside air is introduced from a part of the vicinity (side surface 100). That is, one or a plurality of insect repellent nets 8 are stretched inside the both wife surfaces 101 of the house 1, the outside air is introduced into the house 1 via the fan 4 and the one insect repellent net 8, and the other insect repellent net The inside air of the house 1 is exhausted through the fan 8 and the ventilation fan 5, and is substantially uniform in the longitudinal direction 1a of the house 1 through the fan 4 and the insect net 8 on one side and the insect net 8 and the ventilation fan 5 on the other side. A substantially horizontal air flow A and a substantially uniform wide-area air flow B are ensured to ensure a uniform growth environment in the house 1 and to avoid physiological disorders as described below. . In addition, by introducing outside air from the side surface 100, new outside air is introduced into the air flow A in the substantially horizontal direction and the wide air flow B, so that the entire area of the house 1 is comprehensive. Can be secured.

［１］ ハウス１の生育環境及び／又はハウス１内の作業環境維持が図れる。   [1] The growth environment of the house 1 and / or the working environment in the house 1 can be maintained.

［２］ 従来の問題、即ち、施設栽培における農作業の作業強度は、ＲＭＲ（エネルギー代謝率）が１〜２の極軽作業〜軽作業が中心である。そして、高温期のネットを被覆したハウスでは、日射の増加に伴い、作業者の胸から顔の付近に至っては、ＷＢＧＴ（湿球黒球温度）の上昇が激しく、例えば、日中はネット無被覆ハウスよりも高く推移するのに対し、ハウスの温熱環境に関する問題解消に有効である。   [2] The conventional problem, that is, the work intensity of farm work in institutional cultivation is mainly from extremely light work to light work with RMR (energy metabolism rate) of 1-2. In a house covered with a high-temperature net, WBGT (wet bulb temperature) rises rapidly from the operator's chest to the vicinity of the face as the solar radiation increases. While it is higher than the covered house, it is effective in solving problems related to the thermal environment of the house.

［３］ 「イ」 ハウス１内の温度の上昇の解消に役立て得ること、［ロ］ 従来のような温熱環境的に安全な時間帯である日の出後、日没前の数時間程度に限られずに、昼夜の作業を可能とし、効率的な農作業の達成に役立て得ること、［ハ］ また作業温熱環境の改善に役立て得ること、［ニ］ 強制対流熱伝達が図れること、等の効果がある。   [3] “I” Can be used to eliminate the rise in the temperature in House 1, [b] It is not limited to several hours before sunset after sunrise, which is a time zone that is safe in terms of thermal environment as before. In addition, it is possible to work day and night, and can be used to achieve efficient farming work, [c] can also be used to improve the work thermal environment, and [d] can achieve forced convection heat transfer. .

［４］ そして、ネット２をハウス１の床面又は基礎の近傍まで延設することで、匍匐及び／又は飛翔する害虫・害鳥獣（もぐら、うさぎ、昆虫類を含む）の侵入防止が図れる。例えば、アブラムシ類、コナジラミ類、アザミウマ類の如く、側面１００及び／又は換気扇５の開口部等からのハウス１内への侵入防止が図れること（図３参照）、［５］ ネット２はハウス１の通気性をより低下する問題であるが、本願発明は、ハウス１の側面１００、１００に設けたネット２、２から導入した外気と、ハウス１内の略均一な略水平方向の空気の流れＡと、略均一な広域的な空気の流れＢにより、例えば、つられ風を発生し、ハウス１の空気を一掃できること、高温期の昇温による弊害解消と、作物の枯れ、焼け防止が図れること、等の効果がある。   [4] By extending the net 2 to the floor surface of the house 1 or the vicinity of the foundation, it is possible to prevent infestation of pests and / or pests (including moles, rabbits, and insects) that fly. For example, it is possible to prevent intrusion into the house 1 from the side surface 100 and / or the opening of the ventilation fan 5 such as aphids, whiteflies, and thrips (see FIG. 3). [5] The net 2 is the house 1 However, in the present invention, the outside air introduced from the nets 2, 2 provided on the side surfaces 100, 100 of the house 1 and the flow of substantially uniform substantially horizontal air in the house 1 A and a wide air flow B that is substantially uniform, for example, can generate a trapped wind and clean up the air in the house 1, can eliminate harmful effects due to temperature rise in the high temperature period, and can prevent crops from withering and burning. , Etc.

［６］ つられ風による外気の導入により、ハウス１内をプラス圧とし、ハウス１の倒壊防止と、ファン４、換気扇５の小型化による省エネ、低コスト化が図れる。   [6] By introducing the outside air by the wind, the inside of the house 1 is made positive pressure, the house 1 can be prevented from collapsing, and the fan 4 and the ventilation fan 5 can be reduced in energy saving and cost reduction.

尚、図示しないが、ハウス１の天井面１ｂ、空間部１ｃに、誘導ファンを設置し（高低差をもって設置することも可）、前記総合気流ＡＢを加速及び／又は増大することも可能であり、この例では、下記のような相乗的な特性が考えられる。これによって、外気導入式の強制換気システムが構築できること、又は高温抑制システムを提案できること等の実用性がある。   Although not shown, an induction fan may be installed on the ceiling surface 1b and the space 1c of the house 1 (it may be installed with a difference in elevation) to accelerate and / or increase the total air flow AB. In this example, the following synergistic characteristics can be considered. Thus, there is practicality such that an external air introduction type forced ventilation system can be constructed or a high-temperature suppression system can be proposed.

［７］ ハウス１の天井面１ｂにおける温度差換気（図示しない、天窓による）を促進し、またハウス１の温熱環境的に安全に作業できる時間が長くなること、また総合気流ＡＢと換気とによるさらなる複合的な換気及び／又は気流の流れが確保できること、
［８］ 外気導入式の強制換気システムが構築できること、又は高温抑制システムを提案できること等の実用性があること、等の効果がある。 [7] The temperature difference ventilation (not shown, by a skylight) on the ceiling surface 1b of the house 1 is promoted, the time during which the house 1 can be safely operated in the thermal environment is lengthened, and the total air flow AB and the ventilation Ensuring further combined ventilation and / or airflow;
[8] There are effects such as being able to construct an external air introduction type forced ventilation system or being able to propose a high-temperature suppression system.

［９］ そして、望ましくは、ハウス１の内圧を上げ、耐風、耐震と、虫の侵入防止の効果を図ることができる。   [9] Desirably, the internal pressure of the house 1 can be increased to achieve wind resistance, earthquake resistance, and insect entry prevention effects.

「１０」 高温に弱い作物の栽培も可能となり、重宝する。   “10” Cultivation of crops that are vulnerable to high temperatures is possible, which is useful.

図１はネット付き換気扇とネット付きファンを備えた一部省略のハウス全体の側面図Fig. 1 is a side view of the entire house with a ventilation fan with a net and a fan with a net, partially omitted 図２は図１に示した一部省略のハウス全体の俯瞰図2 is a bird's-eye view of the entire house shown in FIG. 図３は図１に示したハウスの要部の正面図FIG. 3 is a front view of the main part of the house shown in FIG. 図４は防虫ネットの一例を示した拡大斜視図FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of an insect repellent net. 防虫ネットの目合いの一例を示した拡大斜視図An enlarged perspective view showing an example of the mesh of an insect repellent net

１ ハウス
１ａ 長手方向
１ｂ 天井面
１ｃ 空間部
１００ 側面
１０１ 妻面
２ 防虫ネット
４ 換気扇
５ ファン
７ 間隔
８ 防虫ネット
８ａ 上部の防虫ネット
８ｂ 下部の防虫ネット
８００ 防虫ネット材
１０ 隙間
１１ 出入口
Ａ 略水平方向の空気の流れ
Ｂ 広域的な空気の流れ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 1a Longitudinal direction 1b Ceiling surface 1c Space part 100 Side surface 101 Wife face 2 Insect net 4 Exhaust fan 5 Fan 7 Interval 8 Insect net 8a Upper insect net 8b Lower insect net 800 Insect net material 10 Crevice 11 Entrance / exit A A substantially horizontal direction Air flow B Wide-area air flow

Claims (2)

ハウスの両妻面に導入ファン、吸引ファン、又は強制吸込ファンでなるファンと換気扇をそれぞれ設けたハウスの送風システムであって、
このハウスの両妻面内部の天井面から、作地面積に向って、二枚の防虫ネットを、それぞれ垂架し、この垂架した一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットとの間に隙間を形成するとともに、この一方側の防虫ネットと他方側の防虫ネットと、前記両妻面との間に間隔をそれぞれ形成し、
この両妻面に、それぞれ設けたファン及び換気扇を介して、このハウスの一方側から、他方側に向かって、外気を導入し、この導入した外気の流れが、前記間隔により、略均一となることを利用し、このハウス内の空気の流れの略均一を図る構成としたハウスの送風システム。
A house air blower system in which a fan and a ventilation fan each provided with an introduction fan, a suction fan, or a forced suction fan are provided on both wife faces of the house,
Two insect repellent nets are suspended from the ceiling surface inside the two wives of this house toward the land area, and between the insect repellent net on one side and the insect repellent net on the other side. Forming a gap, and forming an interval between the insect repellent net on one side and the insect repellent net on the other side, and the both wife surfaces,
Outside air is introduced from one side of the house to the other side via a fan and a ventilation fan respectively provided on the both wife surfaces, and the flow of the introduced outside air becomes substantially uniform due to the spacing. This is a house air blower system configured to make the air flow in the house substantially uniform .
請求項１に記載のハウスの送風システムであって、
前記一方側の防虫ネット、又は他方側の防虫ネットを、二枚の防虫ネット材で構成し、この二枚防虫ネット材の上部の防虫ネットの目合いを、下部の防虫ネットの目合いより大きくする構成としたハウスの送風システム。 It is a ventilation system of the house according to claim 1,
The one side of the insect net, or the other side of the insect net, composed of two sheets of insect net member, a fit eyes of the upper portion of the insect net in this two insect net member, greater than the fit eyes of the lower insect net House blower system configured to do.
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