JP4860522B2 - Dust collector - Google Patents

Dust collector Download PDF

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JP4860522B2
JP4860522B2 JP2007077826A JP2007077826A JP4860522B2 JP 4860522 B2 JP4860522 B2 JP 4860522B2 JP 2007077826 A JP2007077826 A JP 2007077826A JP 2007077826 A JP2007077826 A JP 2007077826A JP 4860522 B2 JP4860522 B2 JP 4860522B2
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dust
collection tank
outer cylinder
air
cylinder member
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JP2008237951A (en
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敏樹 小林
大志 小林
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株式会社ビッグバン
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Description

本発明は、精密作業場における微粒粉塵のほか、裁断作業場の紙粉、木工所の木屑等の空気中の粉塵、工作機械による金属加工時の油滴や水滴、ミスト等の粉塵を効果的に捕集する捕集装置に関する。   The present invention effectively captures fine dust in precision workshops, dust in the air, such as paper dust in cutting workshops, wood chips from woodworking mills, and oil, water, and mists during metal processing by machine tools. It is related with the collection device which collects.

従来、粉塵の捕集装置としては、フィルタ方式やサイクロン方式等が存在する。そのうち、サイクロン集塵とバグフィルタ集塵両方式の特徴を併せ持たせることで集塵能力を充分に活かし、効率のよい集塵をおこなうとともに粉塵の付着により目詰まりするバグフィルタの性能再生や再生時における粉塵の排出処理を効果的におこなうようにした集塵装置が特許文献１に記載されている。   Conventionally, there are a filter method, a cyclone method, and the like as a dust collecting device. Among them, by combining the characteristics of both cyclone dust collection and bag filter dust collection, it is possible to fully utilize the dust collection capacity, perform efficient dust collection and regenerate and regenerate the performance of bag filters that are clogged by dust adhesion. Patent Document 1 discloses a dust collector that effectively performs dust discharge processing at the time.

前記特許文献１に記載された集塵装置は、図６に示すように、下端に粉塵排出口（57）を有し上端部に吸気口（60）を設けたサイクロン筒（55）の上方に、上端部に排気口（63）を有して内部にバグフィルタ（71）を備えたケーシング（70）を配置し、サイクロン筒（55）の上端側内部に上下端が開口するとともに下端から上端に向かって拡開するホッパ部材（61）を配して、前記ケーシングの排気口（63）からの強制排気により前記サイクロン筒（55）内に前記吸気口（60）から粉塵を含んだ空気を吸引し、サイクロン筒（55）の内周面に沿って旋回する空気中の粗塵（Ａ）を遠心力により分離するサイクロン集塵と、サイクロン筒（55）内からホッパ部材（61）内を通ってケーシング（70）内に吸引された残留粉塵をバグフィルタ（71）により捕集するバグフィルタ集塵とをおこなうものであり、配置面積を小さくして効率のよい集塵を行なうことができるとともに、バグフィルタ（71）の再生時に前記バグフィルタから落下した粉塵をダストボックス（53）内に効率よく堆積させ廃棄することができる。
特開２００６―０４３５６１号公報 As shown in FIG. 6, the dust collector described in Patent Document 1 is located above a cyclone cylinder (55) having a dust discharge port (57) at the lower end and an intake port (60) at the upper end. A casing (70) having an exhaust port (63) at the upper end and a bag filter (71) inside is arranged, and the upper and lower ends open inside the upper end side of the cyclone cylinder (55) and the upper end from the lower end A hopper member (61) that expands toward the air is disposed, and air containing dust from the intake port (60) is introduced into the cyclone cylinder (55) by forced exhaust from the exhaust port (63) of the casing. The cyclone dust collection that separates the coarse dust (A) in the air that is sucked and swirls along the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone cylinder (55) by centrifugal force, and the inside of the hopper member (61) from the cyclone cylinder (55) Residual dust sucked into the casing (70) through the bag filter (71) The dust filter that collects dust that has fallen from the bag filter when the bag filter (71) is regenerated can be efficiently collected by reducing the layout area. It can be deposited and discarded efficiently.
JP 2006-035661 A

しかしながら、前記特許文献１に記載の構成では、サイクロン筒（55）の粉塵排出口（57）とダストボックス（53）との間は大きな開口面積で開放状態にあり、また、サイクロン筒（55）内におけるホッパ部材（61）の下方も大きく開口した空間が形成されるため、ダストボックス（53）内に旋回流打ち消し部材（72）を備えていても、ある程度粉塵がダストボックス（53）内に堆積した場合には旋回流の影響は避けられないものである。したがって、堆積した粉塵の舞い上がりによる再飛散を防ぐことは困難となり、サイクロンによる集塵効果が低くなる難点があり、粉塵（Ａ）の堆積度合によっても集塵作用が不安定となるため上方に配置したバグフィルタ（71）が必須条件になる等、装置全体としてのコストが高くなる問題がある。   However, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the space between the dust outlet (57) and the dust box (53) of the cyclone cylinder (55) is open with a large opening area, and the inside of the cyclone cylinder (55) A large open space is also formed below the hopper member (61) in the case, so that even if a swirl counter member (72) is provided in the dust box (53), some amount of dust accumulates in the dust box (53). The effect of swirling flow is inevitable. Therefore, it is difficult to prevent re-scattering due to the rising of the accumulated dust, and there is a problem that the dust collection effect by the cyclone becomes low, and the dust collection action becomes unstable depending on the accumulation degree of the dust (A). There is a problem that the cost of the entire apparatus becomes high, for example, the bug filter (71) that has been made is an essential condition.

本発明は上記の点を考慮してなされたものであり、簡単な構成でありながら空気流の圧力損失を小さくして粉塵を効果的に遠心分離することができ、捕集効率の高い粉塵の捕集装置をよりコンパクトで、且つ安価に提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and although it has a simple configuration, it is possible to effectively centrifuge dust by reducing the pressure loss of the air flow, and to improve the dust collection efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a collecting device that is more compact and inexpensive.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明による粉塵の捕集装置は、円筒状をなし側壁上部に内周面から接線方向に空気の流入口を開口させるとともに上下面を閉塞した外筒部材と、この外筒部材の内周面から内面側に所定の空間を設けて同心に配置するとともにその下端縁を前記外筒部材の下面から所定の間隙を有して上方に位置させた径小円筒とから遠心分離器を形成し、この遠心分離器の前記径小円筒の上端を前記外筒部材の上面を貫通し上方に延出させて空気の流出口とするとともに、前記外筒部材の下面の周端縁に沿って排出孔を設け、前記遠心分離器の下部には、前記排出孔によって前記外筒部材内と連通する上面周縁を前記外筒部材の下面に当接した容器状の捕集タンクを配設し、前記流入口から流入した空気を外筒部材の内周面に沿って流下させ、遠心力で分離した粉塵を排出孔から下方の捕集タンク内に排出し、残余の空気を前記間隙を介して径小円筒の流出口から流出させるようにしたことを特徴とするものである。   In order to solve the above problems, a dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention has a cylindrical shape, and an outer cylinder member having an air inlet opening in a tangential direction from an inner peripheral surface to an upper portion of a side wall, and an upper and lower surfaces closed. A small-diameter cylinder having a predetermined space on the inner surface side from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member and concentrically disposed, and a lower end edge thereof positioned above the lower surface of the outer cylinder member with a predetermined gap. A centrifuge is formed, and the upper end of the small-diameter cylinder of the centrifuge passes through the upper surface of the outer cylinder member and extends upward to form an air outlet, and the periphery of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member A container-shaped collection tank in which a discharge hole is provided along an edge, and an upper surface periphery communicating with the inside of the outer cylinder member by the discharge hole is in contact with the lower surface of the outer cylinder member at the lower part of the centrifuge The air flowing in from the inlet is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member. The dust separated by centrifugal force is discharged into the collection tank below from the discharge hole, and the remaining air is discharged from the outlet of the small-diameter cylinder through the gap. Is.

本発明の構成によれば、空気流の圧力損失を低減して粉塵の捕集効率を高めた捕集装置を、簡単な構成で、よりコンパクトに、且つ安価に得ることができる。   According to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a collection device that reduces the pressure loss of the air flow and increases the collection efficiency of dust with a simple configuration and more compactly and inexpensively.

以下、本発明の１実施形態を図面に沿って説明する。図１に全体の概略斜視図、図２に正面からの縦断面図を示す粉塵の捕集装置（１）は、精密作業現場における粉塵のほか、裁断作業場の紙粉や木工所の木屑等の空気中の微粒粉塵、あるいは、金属加工時の油滴や水滴、ミスト等の粉塵を捕集するものであり、ステンレス等の薄鋼板で円筒状に形成された遠心分離器（２）とこの下部に着脱自在に取り付けた捕集タンク（３）とからなっている。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the whole, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view from the front. The dust collecting device (1) is not only dust in a precision work site, Centrifuge (2) that collects fine dust particles in the air or dust such as oil droplets, water droplets, and mist during metal processing. And a collection tank (3) detachably attached to the tank.

前記遠心分離器（２）は、円筒状をなし、その上下面を円筒体と同様の薄鋼板製の天板（６）および底板（７）で溶接等によって一体化して閉塞した外筒部材（５）と、この外筒部材（５）の内周面から内面側に所定の空間を設けて同心に配置するとともにその下端縁に外方へ折曲させた鍔部（11ａ）を設けてこれを前記外筒部材（５）の下面を形成する底板（７）から所定の間隙を設けて上方に位置させた径小円筒（11）と、ターボファン等の送風機（８）によって粉塵を含んだ空気を外部から吸い込む吸込管（９）と、これに接続して設けられ、吸引した空気を前記外筒部材（５）内に吹き出す流入口（10）とから構成されている。   The centrifuge (2) has a cylindrical shape, and its upper and lower surfaces are integrally closed by welding or the like with a top plate (6) and a bottom plate (7) made of a thin steel plate similar to the cylindrical body ( 5), a predetermined space is provided from the inner peripheral surface to the inner surface side of the outer cylinder member (5) and arranged concentrically, and a flange (11a) bent outward is provided at the lower end edge thereof. A small-diameter cylinder (11) positioned above a bottom plate (7) that forms the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) with a predetermined gap, and a blower (8) such as a turbofan included dust. A suction pipe (9) for sucking air from the outside, and an inlet (10) provided in connection with the suction pipe for blowing the sucked air into the outer cylinder member (5).

前記径小円筒（11）の下端縁の鍔部（11ａ）に対向する外筒部材（５）の底板（７）より少し上方の位置には、径小円筒（11）下端縁の鍔部（11ａ）の径とほぼ同外径として外方に張り出させた円板台（12）を配設しており、この底板（７）より少し上方に位置する円板台（12）によって、前記径小円筒（11）の下端部における開口周囲との間隙は狭まることになる。   At the position slightly above the bottom plate (7) of the outer cylinder member (5) facing the flange (11a) at the lower end edge of the small diameter cylinder (11), the flange ( 11a) is provided with a disk base (12) projecting outward with substantially the same outer diameter, and the disk base (12) positioned slightly above the bottom plate (7) The gap with the periphery of the opening at the lower end of the small diameter cylinder (11) is narrowed.

また、前記空気の流入口（10）は、前記円板台（12）の上方部からの横断面図である図３からより理解されるように、前記外筒部材（５）の側壁上部に内周面から接線方向に開口させるとともにその開口端部には外筒部材（５）の円周方向へ風を導くガイド片（10ａ）を形成しており、さらに、前記径小円筒（11）の上端は、前記外筒部材（５）の上面である天板（６）を貫通し、上方に延出して開放させ、外気への空気の流出口（13）としている。   The air inlet (10) is formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the outer cylinder member (5), as can be understood from FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view from the upper part of the disk base (12). A guide piece (10a) that opens in the tangential direction from the inner peripheral surface and guides the wind in the circumferential direction of the outer cylindrical member (5) is formed at the opening end, and the small diameter cylinder (11) The top of the outer cylinder member 5 penetrates through the top plate 6 that is the upper surface of the outer cylinder member 5 and extends upward to be opened to serve as an air outlet 13 for the outside air.

そして、前記外筒部材（５）の下面外径よりわずかに外方に拡がる大きさで方形に形成した底板（７）には、外筒部材（５）の周端縁に沿って円弧状に対向する２つのスリット状の排出孔（15）を設けている。この排出孔（15）は、外筒部材（５）の下面を形成するように配置された底板（７）の外筒部材（５）の内周壁面に沿うように所定の幅と長さ寸法、例えば本実施例では、５ｍｍ幅で９０度の角度の範囲に亙って対向するように２箇所穿設している。   A bottom plate (7) formed in a square shape having a size slightly expanding outward from the outer diameter of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) is formed in an arc shape along the peripheral edge of the outer cylinder member (5). Two opposing slit-like discharge holes (15) are provided. The discharge hole (15) has a predetermined width and length along the inner peripheral wall surface of the outer cylinder member (5) of the bottom plate (7) disposed so as to form the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5). For example, in this embodiment, two holes are formed so as to face each other over a range of an angle of 90 degrees with a width of 5 mm.

前記遠心分離器（２）の下部に位置する捕集タンク（３）は、上面を開口（３ａ）させた円筒形の容器状をなし、前記遠心分離器（２）と同様の薄鋼板、あるいは透明合成樹脂で形成されているものであって、外筒部材（５）の下面を形成する前記底板（７）の下面に下方から密着して取り付けられている。   The collection tank (3) located at the lower part of the centrifuge (2) has a cylindrical container shape with an upper surface opened (3a), and is a thin steel plate similar to the centrifuge (2), or It is made of a transparent synthetic resin and is attached in close contact with the lower surface of the bottom plate (7) forming the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) from below.

前記方形の底板（７）の下方には、図２に示すように、アングル鋼材を枠状に組み上げた支持台（16）を取り付けて前記送風機（８）を含めた遠心分離器（２）を支持しており、前記底板（７）の相対向する２側辺の端縁に対応してその端縁からさらに前方に延出させた枠体（17）には前後方向に亙る断面コ字状のレール溝（18）を形成し、この一対の平行するレール溝（18）に前記捕集タンク（３）の上面開口（３ａ）の周縁に外向きに形成した一対の水平鍔部（３ｂ）を係合して、捕集タンク（３）を引き出し可能に、且つ、着脱自在に保持している。   Below the rectangular bottom plate (7), as shown in FIG. 2, a support (16) in which angle steel is assembled in a frame shape is attached, and a centrifugal separator (2) including the blower (8) is installed. The frame (17) that supports and extends further forward from the opposite edges of the two opposite sides of the bottom plate (7) has a U-shaped cross section extending in the front-rear direction. Rail groove (18) is formed, and a pair of horizontal flanges (3b) formed outwardly on the periphery of the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) in the pair of parallel rail grooves (18) The collection tank (3) can be pulled out and is detachably held.

前記捕集タンク（３）の上面開口（３ａ）周縁の水平鍔部（３ｂ）の上面には、所定厚の軟質気泡樹脂を還状に形成したシール体（19）を貼り付けており、さらに、捕集タンク（３）の下方に位置する前記支持台（16）の下フレーム（20）には押さえ部とネジ部からなるシールネジ（21）を上下移動自在に取り付けている。   On the upper surface of the horizontal flange (3b) at the periphery of the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3), a sealing body (19) formed with a soft foam resin having a predetermined thickness is attached, A seal screw (21) composed of a pressing portion and a screw portion is attached to the lower frame (20) of the support base (16) located below the collection tank (3) so as to be movable up and down.

そして、捕集タンク（３）の上面開口（３ａ）を、遠心分離器（２）の底板（７）の下面の所定の位置に対向して設置し、前記シールネジ（21）を回動することによって、捕集タンク（３）を上方に押し上げるように作用するものであり、その結果、捕集タンク（３）は上昇して、遠心分離器（２）の底板（７）の裏面にシール体（19）を介して当接し、底板（７）と捕集タンク（３）とを気密に密着させるとともに、前記排出孔（15）によって前記外筒部材（５）内と捕集タンク（３）内とは連通するように構成されている。   Then, the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) is placed facing a predetermined position on the lower surface of the bottom plate (7) of the centrifuge (2), and the sealing screw (21) is rotated. As a result, the collection tank (3) rises and seals on the back surface of the bottom plate (7) of the centrifuge (2). (19) abutting, the bottom plate (7) and the collection tank (3) are brought into an airtight contact with each other, and the inside of the outer cylinder member (5) and the collection tank (3) are arranged by the discharge hole (15). It is configured to communicate with the inside.

なお、前記シール体（19）は、捕集タンク（３）側ではなく、遠心分離器の底板（７）の裏面側に貼り付けてもよいことはいうまでもない。また、（22）はキャスタであり、前記支持台（16）の下部の４隅に取り付けられてこれを支えるとともに、前記遠心分離器（２）と捕集タンク（３）とからなる粉塵装置（１）を移動可能に保持している。   In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the said sealing body (19) may be affixed not to the collection tank (3) side but the back surface side of the baseplate (7) of a centrifuge. Further, (22) is a caster which is attached to and supports the four corners of the lower part of the support base (16), and is a dust device comprising the centrifuge (2) and the collection tank (3) ( 1) is held movably.

しかして、作業場内の粉塵を捕集する際には、流出口（13）から流出する風量が毎分４０ｍ３ 程度になるように、遠心分離器（２）の風上側に設置した送風機（８）を駆動することにより、粉塵を含んだ空気を遠心分離器（２）内に吹き出すものであり、送風機（８）により遠心分離器（２）内に流入する空気は、前記流入口（10）が外筒部材（５）の側壁上部に内周面から接線方向に開口していることから、流入空気をサイクロンとして矢印線のように外筒部材（５）の内周面に沿って旋回して流下させることで、遠心力により空気と粉塵とを分離させ、重力により外筒部材（５）の円周部の壁面に沿って下降し、底板（７）に至った粉塵を前記排出孔（15）から下方の捕集タンク（３）内に排出するものである。 Thus, when collecting dust in the work place, a blower (8 installed on the windward side of the centrifugal separator (2) so that the amount of air flowing out from the outlet (13) is about 40 m 3 per minute. ) Is blown out into the centrifugal separator (2), and the air flowing into the centrifugal separator (2) by the blower (8) is supplied to the inlet (10). Is opened tangentially from the inner peripheral surface to the upper side wall of the outer cylinder member (5), so that the inflow air is swirled along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member (5) as indicated by an arrow line. By flowing down, air and dust are separated by centrifugal force, lowered by gravity along the circumferential wall surface of the outer cylindrical member (5), and dust reaching the bottom plate (7) is discharged into the discharge hole ( It is discharged from 15) into the lower collection tank (3).

したがって、分離された粉塵を効果的に捕集タンク（３）内に導入させるためには、捕集対象である粉塵の種類により、送風機（８）の風量、排出孔（15）の大きさを設定すればよく、また、本実施例においては、排出孔（15）の開口スペースを流出口（13）の開口面積の１０％に設定した。なお、排出孔（15）は、上記構成に限らず、１カ所あるいは３カ所以上でもよく、また、円弧状の長孔でなく、多数の小孔を円弧状に穿設するようにしてもよい。   Therefore, in order to effectively introduce the separated dust into the collection tank (3), the air volume of the blower (8) and the size of the discharge hole (15) are determined according to the type of dust to be collected. The opening space of the discharge hole (15) is set to 10% of the opening area of the outlet (13). In addition, the discharge hole (15) is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be one place or three places or more, and a plurality of small holes may be formed in an arc shape instead of an arc-shaped long hole. .

このとき、前記外筒部材（５）と径小円筒（11）との間に至った空気は、径小円筒（11）の下端縁の鍔部（11ａ）と、前記外筒部材（５）の底板（７）の上方に設けた円板台（12）の外方への張り出し部が邪魔板となって径小円筒（11）内への流入を阻害されることになり、含んでいる粉塵をさらに分離して排出孔（15）に落とし込むため、残余の空気をより清浄化して円板台（12）上の間隙から径小円筒（11）中に流入し、上昇して流出口（13）から外気中に放出させることができる。   At this time, the air reaching between the outer cylinder member (5) and the small-diameter cylinder (11) flows into the flange (11a) at the lower end edge of the small-diameter cylinder (11) and the outer cylinder member (5). An outwardly projecting portion of the disk base (12) provided above the bottom plate (7) of the steel plate serves as a baffle plate and hinders inflow into the small-diameter cylinder (11). In order to further separate the dust and drop it into the discharge hole (15), the remaining air is further purified and flows into the small-diameter cylinder (11) through the gap on the disk base (12), and rises to the outlet ( 13) can be released into the outside air.

また、捕集タンク（３）内に粉塵が比較的大量に堆積しても、捕集タンク（３）と上部の遠心分離器（２）との間は底板（７）で遮蔽され、排出孔（15）部分で連通しているのみであることから、捕集タンク（３）内に影響を与えることはほとんどなく、堆積した粉塵を巻き上げる等の不具合を生じる可能性は少ない。   Further, even if a relatively large amount of dust accumulates in the collection tank (3), the gap between the collection tank (3) and the upper centrifuge (2) is shielded by the bottom plate (7), and the discharge hole (15) Since it is only communicating with the part, there is almost no influence on the collection tank (3), and there is little possibility of causing problems such as winding up accumulated dust.

そして、排出孔（15）から排出された粉塵は、捕集タンク（３）内に堆積していくものであり、捕集タンク（３）が満杯になった場合は、前記下フレーム（20）のシールネジ（21）を緩めて捕集タンク（３）を下降させることで底板（７）およびシール体（19）との密着係合を解除した後、図４に示すように、底板（７）から前方へ延出している枠体（17）のレール溝（18）上に下降した鍔部（３ｂ）との係合を利用して捕集タンク（３）を摺動させ、前方へ引き出すことで捕集タンク（３）の上面開口（３ａ）を露出させ、あるいは、捕集タンク（３）を支持台（16）から取り外し、堆積した粉塵を廃棄すればよいものである。   And the dust discharged | emitted from the discharge hole (15) accumulates in a collection tank (3), and when the collection tank (3) becomes full, the said lower frame (20) After loosening the seal screw (21) and lowering the collection tank (3) to release the close engagement between the bottom plate (7) and the seal body (19), as shown in FIG. 4, the bottom plate (7) The collection tank (3) is slid by using the engagement with the flange (3b) lowered onto the rail groove (18) of the frame (17) extending forward from the frame, and pulled forward. The upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) may be exposed, or the collection tank (3) may be removed from the support base (16) and the accumulated dust may be discarded.

しかしながら、捕集タンク（３）が従来のようにほぼ密閉された状態にある場合は、タンク内に粉塵が一定量堆積すると、この捕集タンク（３）に堆積した粉塵は、遠心分離器（２）内における径小円筒（11）への風の流れによる負圧現象で、排出孔（15）の間隙を通って遠心分離器（２）内に吸い上げられ逆流する可能性があり、遠心分離器（２）内に逆流した粉塵は径小円筒（11）からそのまま外気中に排出されることになる。   However, when the collection tank (3) is in a substantially sealed state as in the prior art, if a certain amount of dust accumulates in the tank, the dust accumulated in the collection tank (3) 2) Due to the negative pressure phenomenon caused by the flow of wind to the small diameter cylinder (11) in the inside, it may be sucked back into the centrifuge (2) through the gap of the discharge hole (15) and centrifuged. The dust flowing back into the vessel (2) is discharged from the small diameter cylinder (11) into the outside air as it is.

これに対して、本実施例では、捕集タンク（３）内の底面に、床面と間隙を保持した状態で外気と連通する開口（23）を設け、捕集タンク（３）内に前記開口（23）を覆うとともに捕集タンク（３）の最上部位にまで至るようにフィルタ（25）を延出して配設するようにした。   On the other hand, in the present embodiment, an opening (23) communicating with the outside air is provided in the bottom surface of the collection tank (3) while maintaining a gap between the floor surface and the collection tank (3). The filter (25) was extended and arranged so as to cover the opening (23) and reach the uppermost part of the collection tank (3).

具体的には、前記開口（23）のタンク内側に適当高さの保持筒（24）をタンクと一体に突設し、この保持筒（24）を支持部としてその外周に筒状のフィルタ（25）を嵌入して立設させるものであり、筒状のフィルタ（25）は、中心部を空洞とし、所定の厚みを有して空気は通過するが粉塵の通過は遮断する気泡密度にした不織布、ガラス繊維等の連続気泡体で形成するとともに、筒体の上部開口は栓で閉塞している。   Specifically, a holding cylinder (24) having an appropriate height is provided integrally with the tank inside the tank of the opening (23), and a cylindrical filter ( 25) is inserted and stood up, and the cylindrical filter (25) has a hollow center, has a predetermined thickness, and has a bubble density that allows air to pass but blocks passage of dust. While forming with open-cell bodies, such as a nonwoven fabric and glass fiber, the upper opening of a cylinder is obstruct | occluded with the stopper.

したがって、遠心分離器（２）内における負圧現象は、捕集タンク（３）の開口近傍まで粉塵が堆積しても、フィルタ（25）の先端が堆積した粉塵面から突出している限り、フィルタ（25）を通して下部の開口（23）から外気中に抜けるため発生しないものであり、粉塵は排出孔（15）を経て捕集タンク（３）内に疎外されることなくスムーズに流入し、粉塵のみを満杯状態まで堆積させることができるものである。   Therefore, the negative pressure phenomenon in the centrifugal separator (2) is caused by the filter as long as the tip of the filter (25) protrudes from the accumulated dust surface even if dust accumulates to the vicinity of the opening of the collection tank (3). (25) through the lower opening (23) into the outside air, which does not occur. Dust flows smoothly through the discharge hole (15) into the collection tank (3) without being alienated. Can only be deposited to a full state.

前記実施例では、捕集タンク（３）の開口（23）を１カ所にして、これにフィルタ（25）を保持する構成としたが、１カ所に限らず、開口（23）やフィルタ（25）をともに複数配置して、複数の箇所から同時に空気を抜くようにすれば、より粉塵の捕集タンク（３）内への流入をスムーズにすることができる。   In the said Example, it was set as the structure which hold | maintains the filter (25) in one opening (23) of a collection tank (3), but it is not restricted to one place, Opening (23) and filter (25 ) Are arranged in a plurality, and air is simultaneously extracted from a plurality of locations, so that the dust can be more smoothly flowed into the collection tank (3).

なお、捕集対象の粉塵が、油滴や水滴、あるいはミスト等の液状体である場合には、粉塵としての比重が大きく舞い上がりがないので、フィルタ（25）は不要である。   Note that when the dust to be collected is a liquid such as oil droplets, water droplets, or mist, the specific gravity as the dust does not rise so much that the filter (25) is unnecessary.

そして、捕集タンク（３）内に所定量の粉塵が堆積した場合には、これを図示しない赤外線透過センサー等で検知し、送風機（８）の運転を停止して遠心分離器（２）への粉塵を含んだ空気の流入を停止するとともに、捕集タンク（３）を底板（７）から引き出して所定の廃棄処分をおこなえばよい。   When a predetermined amount of dust accumulates in the collection tank (3), this is detected by an infrared transmission sensor (not shown), etc., and the operation of the blower (8) is stopped and the centrifugal separator (2). The inflow of air containing the dust may be stopped, and the collection tank (3) may be pulled out from the bottom plate (7) for predetermined disposal.

なお、前記堆積粉塵の満杯検知は、センサーによらずとも送風機（８）を駆動する所定時間や捕集タンク（３）の重量、あるいは粉塵量を目視することでおこなうようにしてもよく、また、前記フィルタ（25）は保持筒（24）から着脱可能にして随時取り外し、再生あるいは交換作業が可能なように構成するとよい。   The full detection of the accumulated dust may be performed by visually observing the predetermined time for driving the blower (8), the weight of the collection tank (3), or the amount of dust without using a sensor. The filter (25) may be configured to be removable from the holding cylinder (24) so that it can be removed and regenerated or replaced at any time.

上記構成による本発明の１実施例として、こぬかを粉塵として捕集した実験例について説明する。本実施例においては、捕集装置（１）の遠心分離器（２）を形成する外筒部材（５）は、直径を４０ｃｍ、高さ寸法を６８ｃｍとし、径小円筒（11）の直径は２０ｃｍとした。そして、円板台（12）の外筒部材の底板（７）からの高さを５０ｍｍ、径小円筒（11）の下端縁と円板台（12）との間隙寸法は５５ｍｍとし、排出孔（15）は幅５ｍｍ、長さは外筒周囲長の二分の一にあたる３１ｃｍとして外筒部材（５）の内周縁に対向して２カ所穿設した。   As an embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, an experimental example in which bran is collected as dust will be described. In this embodiment, the outer cylinder member (5) forming the centrifuge (2) of the collection device (1) has a diameter of 40 cm and a height dimension of 68 cm, and the diameter of the small diameter cylinder (11) is 20 cm. The height of the outer cylindrical member of the disk base (12) from the bottom plate (7) is 50 mm, the gap between the lower edge of the small diameter cylinder (11) and the disk base (12) is 55 mm, and the discharge hole (15) had a width of 5 mm and a length of 31 cm, which is one half of the outer cylinder perimeter, and was drilled at two locations facing the inner peripheral edge of the outer cylinder member (5).

また、捕集タンク（３）の容量は６０Ｌとし、フィルタ（25）は外径５０ｍｍ、長さ４００ｍｍのステンレス製円筒の周囲面に直径１０ｍｍ程度の透孔を多数穿設し、この外周の全面に亙って厚み２０ｍｍ、長さ４３０ｍｍの不織布を巻き付けた構成とした。   The collection tank (3) has a capacity of 60L, and the filter (25) has a large number of through-holes with a diameter of about 10mm on the periphery of a stainless steel cylinder with an outer diameter of 50mm and a length of 400mm. Thus, a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 20 mm and a length of 430 mm was wound.

上記構成の捕集装置（１）を、流出口（13）における風量が４０ｍ３ ／分になるように設定して５０ｇのこぬか粉塵を吸込み管（９）内に投入したところ、捕集タンク（３）内に捕集された粉塵量は４５ｇとなり粉塵捕集率は９０％であった。このとき、遠心分離器（２）内の圧力損失は０．９ｋＰａであって従来一般のサイクロン方式に比較しても５０％小さくできるものであり、捕集装置（１）をコンパクト化できるとともに、１０μｍ以上の粉塵は９０％以上捕集することができるという従来と同等以上の捕集能力を得ることができた。 When the collection device (1) having the above-described configuration was set so that the air volume at the outlet (13) was 40 m 3 / min, 50 g of bran dust was introduced into the suction pipe (9), and the collection tank The amount of dust collected in (3) was 45 g, and the dust collection rate was 90%. At this time, the pressure loss in the centrifuge (2) is 0.9 kPa, which can be reduced by 50% compared to the conventional general cyclone system, and the collection device (1) can be made compact, As a result, it was possible to obtain a dust collection capacity equal to or higher than that of the prior art, in which dust of 10 μm or more can be collected by 90% or more.

なお、遠心分離器（２）と捕集タンク（３）との接合構成は、上記に限らず種々の構成が考えられるものであり、例えば、図２と同様に粉塵の捕集装置の正面からの断面図である図５に示すように、遠心分離器（２′）と底板（７′）、および捕集タンク（３′）とをそれぞれ別部材として形成し、遠心分離器（２′）の下面を形成する底板（７′）に排出孔（15′）および円板台（12′）を一体に形成するとともに、周縁に係合段部（26）を形成する構成としてもよい。   In addition, the joining structure of the centrifuge (2) and the collection tank (3) is not limited to the above, and various structures are conceivable. For example, from the front of the dust collecting device as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 which is a sectional view of the centrifugal separator (2 ′), the centrifugal separator (2 ′), the bottom plate (7 ′), and the collection tank (3 ′) are formed as separate members. The bottom plate (7 ') forming the lower surface of the plate may be configured such that the discharge hole (15') and the disk base (12 ') are integrally formed, and the engaging step portion (26) is formed on the periphery.

そして、下部に位置する捕集タンク（３′）を支持脚（22′）により床面に設置し、この捕集タンク（３′）の上面の外周縁に形成した鍔部（３ｂ′）に前記係合段部（26）の外側を係合させ、捕集タンク（３′）の上面を覆うことでその開口（３ａ′）を閉塞し、捕集タンク（３′）の上に載置した底板（７′）の上部から遠心分離器（２′）の開放した下面を前記係合段部（26）の内側に嵌入して取り付けることで、捕集装置（１′）を構成するようにしてもよい。   And the collection tank (3 ') located in the lower part is installed on the floor surface by the support leg (22'), and the flange (3b ') formed on the outer peripheral edge of the upper surface of the collection tank (3'). Engage the outside of the engaging step (26) and cover the upper surface of the collection tank (3 ') to close the opening (3a') and place it on the collection tank (3 ') The lower surface of the centrifuge (2 ') that is opened from the upper part of the bottom plate (7') is fitted and attached to the inside of the engaging step (26) so as to constitute the collecting device (1 '). It may be.

このとき、特に図示しないが、前記送風機と遠心分離器（２′）の吸込み口（９′）とは、フレキシブルに接続し、容易に双方の着脱が可能な構成にしておく。   At this time, although not particularly illustrated, the blower and the suction port (9 ′) of the centrifugal separator (2 ′) are connected flexibly so that both can be easily attached and detached.

このように構成すれば、捕集タンク（３′）内の粉塵が満杯になった際には、遠心分離器（２′）から送風機を分離した後、積み重ね状態にある遠心分離器（２′）とともに底板（７′）を持ち上げれば、上面が開放した捕集タンク（３′）を取り外すことができ、簡単な構成で堆積した粉塵の処理を容易におこなうことができるものである。   If comprised in this way, when the dust in a collection tank (3 ') becomes full, after isolate | separating an air blower from a centrifuge (2'), the centrifuge (2 'in a stacked state) ) And the bottom plate (7 ′) can be lifted to remove the collection tank (3 ′) whose upper surface is open, and the accumulated dust can be easily treated with a simple structure.

本発明による粉塵の捕集装置は上記のように構成されており、簡単、且つコンパクトであるので装置自体の設置スペースを小さくできるとともに低コストで製造でき、捕集対象物も前記実施例のようなこぬかや紙塵、パウダーに限らず、工作機械等の金属加工作業場における切り屑粉や油滴、水滴等の捕集にも好適であり、効率的に粉塵を捕集することができるので、粉塵に影響されずに製品精度を高く保持し、作業場環境をクリーンで良好に保つことができる。   The dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above and is simple and compact, so that the installation space of the apparatus itself can be reduced and can be manufactured at low cost. It is suitable for collecting chips, oil droplets, water droplets, etc. in metalworking workplaces such as machine tools, as well as nakonu, paper dust, and powder, and can collect dust efficiently. Product accuracy is kept high without being affected by dust, and the workplace environment can be kept clean and good.

なお、捕集タンク（３）（３′）は、前記実施例における構成のように、外筒部材（５）に対して着脱自在でなくともよい。すなわち、遠心分離器（２）（２′）に固着された状態であってもタンク壁の一部に蓋付きの開口を設け、これを粉塵の取り出し口として堆積した粉塵を取り出し、廃棄処理するようにしてもよいものである。   The collection tanks (3) and (3 ') may not be detachable from the outer cylinder member (5) as in the configuration in the above embodiment. In other words, even when the centrifuge (2) (2 ') is fixed, an opening with a lid is provided in a part of the tank wall, and the accumulated dust is taken out and disposed of as an opening for taking out the dust. You may do it.

また、捕集対象物である粉塵が前記油滴のような液状体である場合は、前記捕集装置を気液分離装置として空気清浄化のために用いるとともに前記捕集タンク（３）（３′）の底部に開口を形成して廃液管を接続し、この廃液管を介して捕集液体を移送して処理すればよい。   Moreover, when the dust which is a collection object is a liquid body like the said oil droplet, while using the said collection apparatus as a gas-liquid separation apparatus for air purification, the said collection tank (3) (3 A waste liquid pipe is connected by forming an opening at the bottom of ′), and the collected liquid may be transferred and processed through this waste liquid pipe.

本発明の１実施形態を示す粉塵捕集装置の一部を破断した概略斜視図である。It is the schematic perspective view which fractured | ruptured a part of dust collector which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図１の正面からの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view from the front of FIG. 図１における外筒部材の底板部を示す上面からの横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view from the upper surface which shows the baseplate part of the outer cylinder member in FIG. 図１の遠心分離器から捕集タンクを引き出した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which pulled out the collection tank from the centrifuge of FIG. 遠心分離器と捕集タンクとの接合構成の他の実施例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the joining structure of a centrifuge and a collection tank. 従来の集塵装置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional dust collector.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１′ 捕集装置
２、２′ 遠心分離器
３、３′ 捕集タンク
５ 外筒部材
７、７′ 底板
８ 送風機
10 流入口
11 径小円筒
12、12′ 円板台
13 流出口
15、15′ 排出孔
16 支持台
17 枠体
18 レール溝
19 シール体
20 下フレーム
21 シールネジ
23 開口
25 フィルタ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Collection apparatus 2, 2' Centrifugal separator 3, 3 'Collection tank 5 Outer cylinder member 7, 7' Bottom plate 8 Blower
10 Inlet
11 diameter small cylinder
12, 12 ′ disc base
13 Outlet
15, 15 ′ discharge hole
16 Support base
17 Frame
18 Rail groove
19 Seal body
20 Lower frame
21 Seal screw
23 opening
25 Filter

Claims (1)

円筒状をなし側壁上部に内周面から接線方向に空気の流入口(10)を開口させるとともに上下面を閉塞した外筒部材(5)と、この外筒部材(5)の内周面から内面側に所定の空間を設けて同心に配置するとともにその下端縁を前記外筒部材(5)の下面から所定の間隙を有して上方に位置させた径小円筒(11)とから遠心分離器を形成し、この遠心分離器の前記径小円筒(5)の上端を前記外筒部材(5)の上面を貫通し上方に延出させて、または該上面まで延出させて空気の流出口(13)とするとともに、前記外筒部材(5)の下面の周端縁に沿って排出孔(15)を設け、前記遠心分離器の下部には、前記排出孔(15)によって前記外筒部材(5)内と連通する上面周縁を前記外筒部材(5)の下面に当接した容器状の捕集タンク(3)を配設し、前記流入口(10)から流入した空気を外筒部材(5)の内周面に沿って流下させ、遠心力で分離した粉塵を排出孔(15)から下方の捕集タンク(3)内に排出し、残余の空気を前記間隙に形成された連通部を介して径小円筒の流出(13)口から流出させるようにし、
捕集タンク内の下部に外気と連通する開口を形成し、この開口を覆って捕集タンクの上方部まで延出するようにフィルタを配設したことを特徴とする粉塵の捕集装置。 From the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical member (5) which is cylindrical and has an air inlet (10) opened in a tangential direction from the inner peripheral surface to the upper side wall and the upper and lower surfaces closed. A predetermined space is provided on the inner surface side and arranged concentrically, and the lower end edge is centrifuged from a small diameter cylinder (11) positioned above the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) with a predetermined gap. The upper end of the small-diameter cylinder (5) of the centrifugal separator extends through the upper surface of the outer cylinder member (5) or extends upward to reach the upper surface. In addition to the outlet (13), a discharge hole (15) is provided along the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5), and the outer periphery of the centrifuge is formed by the discharge hole (15). A container-shaped collection tank (3) is provided in which the peripheral edge of the upper surface communicating with the inside of the cylindrical member (5) is in contact with the lower surface of the outer cylindrical member (5), and the air flowing in from the inlet (10) Of the outer cylinder member (5) Dust that has flowed down along the peripheral surface and separated by centrifugal force is discharged from the discharge hole (15) into the lower collection tank (3), and the remaining air is passed through the communication portion formed in the gap. Let it flow out from the outlet (13) of the small cylinder,
An apparatus for collecting dust, wherein an opening communicating with outside air is formed in a lower part of a collection tank, and a filter is disposed so as to cover the opening and extend to an upper part of the collection tank.
JP2007077826A 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Dust collector Expired - Fee Related JP4860522B2 (en)

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