JP4807771B2 - Floating structure - Google Patents

Floating structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4807771B2
JP4807771B2 JP2005149742A JP2005149742A JP4807771B2 JP 4807771 B2 JP4807771 B2 JP 4807771B2 JP 2005149742 A JP2005149742 A JP 2005149742A JP 2005149742 A JP2005149742 A JP 2005149742A JP 4807771 B2 JP4807771 B2 JP 4807771B2
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floating body
floating
connecting portion
power generation
wind power
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JP2006327252A (en
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昌宏 宮川
健司 嶋田
陽三 藤野
孟 石原
幸成 福本
和俊 松尾
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University of Tokyo NUC
Shimizu Corp
Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
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Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc
University of Tokyo NUC
Shimizu Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/18—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements
    • B63B5/20—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements in combination with elements of other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B63B2001/126—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls comprising more than three hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2241/00—Design characteristics
    • B63B2241/02—Design characterised by particular shapes
    • B63B2241/04—Design characterised by particular shapes by particular cross sections
    • B63B2241/08—Design characterised by particular shapes by particular cross sections polygonal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

本発明は、例えば洋上風力発電設備などに用いられる浮体構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a floating structure used in, for example, offshore wind power generation facilities.

従来、浮体構造として、洋上においてそれぞれの風力発電施設を立設支持する複数の浮体同士を、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンで連結し、適宜の浮体には、一方端に係留アンカー、途中に中間シンカー設けた係留チェーンを繋いだ洋上風力発電設備がある。この洋上風力発電設備は、深い海域においても洋上での設置が容易に行え、しかも、洋上の風力発電施設が波によって流されて衝突したり、風力発電施設同士の相対位置関係が変化して発電能力を低下させる事態を防ごうとするものである（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, as a floating structure, a plurality of floating bodies that stand upright and support each wind power generation facility on the ocean are connected by a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle. There is an offshore wind power generation facility that connects mooring chains with intermediate sinkers. This offshore wind power generation facility can be installed offshore easily even in deep waters. Moreover, the offshore wind power generation facilities are swept by waves and collided, or the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities changes to generate power. This is intended to prevent a situation where the ability is reduced (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開２００４−１７６６２６号公報JP 2004-176626 A

しかしながら、従来の浮体構造では、複数の風力発電施設を林立させて相互干渉が起こらないようにするため、相互の風力発電施設の能力を低下させない最低限の間隔よりもさらに広い間隔が必要である。さらに、係留アンカーによって風力発電施設の相互干渉が起こらないように引っ張らなければならないので側方に向けて延在する態様で係留チェーンを張る必要がある。すなわち、従来の浮体構造では、広い占有面積を必要とするという問題がある。このため、複数の浮体を連結する部材数が多くなってコストが嵩むという問題が生じる。   However, in the conventional floating structure, in order to prevent a plurality of wind power generation facilities from being brought into contact with each other to prevent mutual interference, a larger distance than the minimum distance that does not reduce the capacity of the wind power generation facilities is required. . Furthermore, since the mooring anchors must be pulled so as not to cause mutual interference between the wind power generation facilities, it is necessary to stretch the mooring chain in a manner that extends toward the side. That is, the conventional floating structure has a problem that a large occupied area is required. For this reason, the problem that the number of members which connect a some floating body increases and cost increases arises.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて、複数の浮体間の相互間隔を確保することができ、また各浮体間を連結する部材を少なくすることができる浮体構造を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a floating structure that can secure a mutual interval between a plurality of floating bodies and can reduce the number of members that connect the floating bodies.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る浮体構造は、上部に物品が載置される複数の浮体部と、前記浮体部を環状に連結する剛体からなる連結部と、前記浮体部および前記連結部に対して前記環状の内側に向けた引張力を生じる引張部とを備え、前記連結部は没水型であり、前記連結部を浮遊させている水とほぼ同じ単位体積重量であり、前記連結部の上部が浮力室となっており、下部が長手方向に分割された錘室となっていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a floating body structure according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of floating body portions on which an article is placed, a connecting portion made of a rigid body that connects the floating body portions in an annular shape, A tension part that generates a tensile force toward the inside of the ring with respect to the floating body part and the connection part, the connection part is a submerged type, and is substantially the same unit as water that floats the connection part Ri volume weighted der, an upper portion of the connecting portion is a buoyancy chamber, characterized that you have a Tsumushitsu the lower is divided longitudinally.

本発明に係る浮体構造は、複数の浮体部を剛体からなる連結部によって環状に連結し、これら浮体部および連結部に対して引張部によって環状の内側に向く引張力を生じさせている。この結果、複数の浮体部の相互間隔を確保することができる。また、剛体構造の環状と、この環状を内側に向けて引張する引張構造とによって十分な強度を得るため、各浮体部間を連結する部材を少なくしてコストを低減することができる。さらに、連結部を没水型として、連結部を浮遊させている水とほぼ同じ単位体積重量にすることにより、浮体部を連結する構造が水上の風波の影響を受けにくくなるとともに、浮体部を連結する構造に余分な応力が掛かる事態を防ぐことができる。 In the floating body structure according to the present invention, a plurality of floating body portions are connected in a ring shape by a connecting portion made of a rigid body, and a tensile force directed toward the inside of the ring is generated by the tension portion with respect to the floating body portion and the connecting portion. As a result, the mutual space | interval of a some floating body part is securable. Further, since a sufficient strength is obtained by the rigid structure ring and the tension structure that pulls the ring inward, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing the number of members that connect the floating body portions. Furthermore, by making the connecting part into a submerged type and making the unit part weight substantially the same as the water that floats the connecting part, the structure that connects the floating part becomes less susceptible to wind waves on the water, and the floating part is A situation in which excessive stress is applied to the connecting structure can be prevented.

連結部の上部が浮力室となっており、下部が長手方向に分割された錘室となっていることにより、長手方向への錘の流動を抑えて連結部の長手方向の重量バランスを保持することができ、連結部を浮遊させている水とほぼ同じ単位体積重量にするためのバランス構造を得ることができる。 Since the upper part of the connecting part is a buoyancy chamber and the lower part is a weight chamber divided in the longitudinal direction, the weight flow in the longitudinal direction is suppressed and the weight balance in the longitudinal direction of the connecting part is maintained. It is possible to obtain a balanced structure for making the unit volume weight substantially the same as that of the water in which the connecting portion is suspended .

環状の内側に設けた中間連結部を引張部と浮体部との間、引張部と連結部との間に介在したことにより、引張部によって生じる引張力を環状の全体に掛かるように複数に分配することができる。特に、中間連結部を環状の中心に配置すれば、引張部の引張力を各浮体部および各連結部に対して均等に生じさせることができる。   By interposing the intermediate connecting part provided inside the ring between the tension part and the floating part, and between the tension part and the connection part, the tensile force generated by the tension part is distributed to the whole ring can do. In particular, if the intermediate connecting portion is arranged at the center of the ring, the tensile force of the tensile portion can be evenly generated for each floating body portion and each connecting portion.

連結部を環状の外側に膨出する態様で湾曲形成したことにより、各浮体部を環状に連結する剛体構造が引張部の引張力をともなってさらに助勢されて強度を高めることができる。   By forming the connecting portion so as to bulge outward in an annular shape, the rigid body structure that connects the floating body portions in an annular shape can be further assisted with the tensile force of the tensile portion to increase the strength.

浮体部を没水型とすることにより、風波による抵抗を低減することができる。   By making the floating body part a submerged type, resistance due to wind waves can be reduced.

中間連結部を柱状に形成して、その各端部と浮体部および連結部との間に立体トラスをなす態様で引張部を設けたことにより、立体的な引張力が得られるのでさらに強度を高めることができる。   By forming the intermediate connecting part in a columnar shape and providing a tensile part in a form that forms a three-dimensional truss between each end part and the floating part and the connecting part, a three-dimensional tensile force can be obtained, so that the strength is further increased. Can be increased.

中間連結部を浮体として構成したことにより、当該中間連結部の上部に施設（物品）を載置することができる。   By configuring the intermediate coupling portion as a floating body, a facility (article) can be placed on top of the intermediate coupling portion.

各浮体部の上部に風力発電施設を載置した場合には、洋上風力発電設備として、各風力発電施設の相互間隔を確保することができる。また、洋上風力発電設備として、剛体構造の環状と、この環状を内側に向けて引張する引張構造とによって十分な強度を得るため、各風力発電施設間を連結する部材を少なくしてコストを低減することができる。さらに、中間連結部が浮体として構成してある場合には、当該中間連結部の上部に風力発電設備の管理施設を載置して、連結した風力発電施設を管理することができる。   When the wind power generation facility is placed on the upper part of each floating body, the mutual space between the wind power generation facilities can be secured as the offshore wind power generation facility. In addition, as an offshore wind power generation facility, in order to obtain sufficient strength with a rigid structure ring and a pulling structure that pulls the ring inward, the number of members connecting each wind power generation facility is reduced to reduce costs. can do. Furthermore, when the intermediate connection part is configured as a floating body, the management facility of the wind power generation facility can be placed on the upper part of the intermediate connection part to manage the connected wind power generation facility.

以下に添付図面を参照して、本発明に係る浮体構造の好適な実施例を詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。   Exemplary embodiments of a floating structure according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

図１は本発明に係る浮体構造の実施例を示す平面図、図２は図１に示した浮体構造の正面図、図３は図１に示した連結部の径方向の断面図、図４は図１に示した連結部の長手方向の断面図、図５は引張部の他の例を示す平面図である。   1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the floating structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the floating structure shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a radial sectional view of the connecting portion shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another example of the tension portion.

浮体構造は、図１および図２に示すように浮体部１、連結部２、引張部３および中間連結部４を有している。また、本実施例の浮体構造は、図２に示すように例えば水上（洋上）１０において風力発電施設５などの施設（物品）を設置するためのものとして用いられる。なお、施設としては風力発電施設５に限らない。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floating body structure has a floating body portion 1, a connecting portion 2, a tension portion 3, and an intermediate connecting portion 4. Further, the floating structure of the present embodiment is used for installing a facility (article) such as a wind power generation facility 5 on the water (offshore) 10 as shown in FIG. The facility is not limited to the wind power generation facility 5.

浮体部１は、鋼材、鋼とコンクリートとの合成材、またはコンクリート材などの剛体からなり、それ自体では水に浮くようになっており、その上部に施設（物品）が載置されるものである。浮体部１は、図２では連結部２とともに水中に浮遊して水上１０の風波の影響を受けにくい没水型（セミサブ型）としている。この浮体部１は、複数（本実施例では３つ）設けてある。また、浮体１は、予め陸上で制作されたプレキャスト部材としてもよい。   The floating body 1 is made of a rigid body such as a steel material, a composite material of steel and concrete, or a concrete material, and floats in water by itself, on which a facility (article) is placed. is there. In FIG. 2, the floating body 1 is a submerged type (semi-sub type) that floats in the water together with the connecting portion 2 and is not easily affected by wind waves on the water 10. A plurality (three in this embodiment) of the floating body 1 are provided. Moreover, the floating body 1 is good also as a precast member produced on land beforehand.

連結部２は、図２に示すように複数の浮体部１を環状に連結する剛体からなる長手状のものである。連結部２は、両端部がそれぞれ浮体部１に対して剛結合またはヒンジ結合によって連結してあり、環状の外側に膨出するようにアーチ状に湾曲形成してある。すなわち、連結部２は、本実施例では３つの浮体部１を環状に連結するものであって、当該環状を平面視で略三角形のおむすび型に形成してある。また、連結部２は、各浮体部１の間において同形状に形成してあって、各浮体部１を環状に均等配置してある。   As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting portion 2 has a longitudinal shape made of a rigid body that connects the plurality of floating body portions 1 in an annular shape. Both ends of the connecting part 2 are connected to the floating body part 1 by rigid connection or hinge connection, and are curved and formed in an arch shape so as to bulge out to the outside of the ring. In other words, the connecting portion 2 connects the three floating body portions 1 in a ring shape in the present embodiment, and the ring shape is formed in a substantially triangular shape in a plan view. Moreover, the connection part 2 is formed in the same shape between each floating-body part 1, and each floating-body part 1 is equally arrange | positioned cyclically | annularly.

この連結部２は、鋼材、鋼とコンクリートとの合成材、またはコンクリート材などの剛体からなり、特に予め工場などで複数に分割して連結部ユニットとして生産されるプレキャスト部材からなる。この連結部ユニットは、箱断面を呈しており、鋼材からなる場合では鋼管として形成され、鋼材とコンクリート材との合成材からなる場合ではボックスカルバート管として形成され、コンクリート材からなる場合ではヒューム管として形成される。連結部２の箱断面の内部には本浮体構造が設置される水に対してほぼ同じ単位体積重量にするためのバランス構造が設けてある。バランス構造としては、例えば図３および図４に示すように連結部ユニット（連結部２）の箱断面内部を上下に分け、水、石または砂利などの錘を設置する錘室２１を下側に設け、空気または発泡スチロールなどによって調整浮力を得るための浮力室２２を上側に設けてなる。また、錘室２１においては、図４に示すように隔壁２１ａを設けて連結部ユニット（連結部２）の長手方向を分割することで、長手方向への錘の流動を抑えて連結部ユニット（連結部２）の長手方向の重量バランスを保持してある。そして、この連結部ユニットを複数連結して連結部２とする。なお、連結部２の箱断面は、図３に示す略円形に限らず矩形など様々であってもよい。   This connection part 2 consists of rigid bodies, such as a steel material, the composite material of steel, and concrete, or a concrete material, and consists of a precast member divided | segmented into plurality in advance at a factory etc. especially and produced as a connection part unit. The connecting unit has a box cross section, and is formed as a steel pipe when it is made of steel, is formed as a box culvert tube when it is made of a composite material of steel and concrete, and is a fume pipe when it is made of concrete. Formed as. Inside the box cross section of the connecting portion 2 is provided a balance structure for making the unit volume weight substantially the same as the water in which the floating structure is installed. As the balance structure, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inside of the box section of the connecting unit (connecting unit 2) is divided into upper and lower parts, and the weight chamber 21 in which a weight such as water, stone, or gravel is installed is placed on the lower side. A buoyancy chamber 22 is provided on the upper side for obtaining adjusted buoyancy by air or polystyrene foam. Further, in the weight chamber 21, as shown in FIG. 4, a partition wall 21a is provided to divide the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion unit (connecting portion 2), thereby suppressing the flow of the weight in the longitudinal direction and connecting portion units ( The weight balance in the longitudinal direction of the connecting part 2) is maintained. Then, a plurality of connecting unit units are connected to form a connecting unit 2. The box cross section of the connecting portion 2 is not limited to the substantially circular shape shown in FIG.

引張部３は、張弦ケーブルからなり、浮体部１および連結部２を繋いで環状の内側に向く引張力を生じるように、環状の内側に配置した中間連結部４を介して複数配置してある。なお、中間連結部４は、引張部３の引張力を各浮体部１および各連結部２に対して均等に生じさせるために、環状の中心位置に配置してあることが好ましい。なお、引張部３は、図５に示すように中間連結部４を介さずに浮体部１および連結部２を繋いで、環状の内側に向く引張力を生じるように複数配置してもよい。   The tension part 3 is composed of a stringed cable, and a plurality of tension parts 3 are arranged via intermediate coupling parts 4 arranged on the inner side of the ring so as to connect the floating body part 1 and the connection part 2 to generate a tensile force directed toward the inner side of the ring. is there. In addition, in order that the intermediate connection part 4 may produce the tensile force of the tension | pulling part 3 equally with respect to each floating body part 1 and each connection part 2, it is preferable to arrange | position at the cyclic | annular center position. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the tension | pulling part 3 may connect the floating body part 1 and the connection part 2 not via the intermediate | middle connection part 4, and may arrange | position two or more so that the tension | pulling force toward an inner side of a ring may be produced.

中間連結部４は、鋼材、鋼とコンクリートとの合成材、またはコンクリート材などの剛体からなり、上下方向に延在する柱状に形成してある。そして、図２に示すように中間連結部４の上端および下端にそれぞれ引張部３が連結してある。すなわち、引張部３は、立体トラスの一部をなしている。なお、図には明示しないが立体トラスを構成するにあたり、浮体部１を上下方向に延在する柱状に形成して、その上端および下端と、中間連結部４の上端および下端とを引張部３で相互に連結してもよい。また、中間連結部４は、浮体として構成してあってもよい。なお、図には明示しないが、浮体部１および連結部２が中間連結部４のごとく柱状の形状を有してその上端および下端と、中間連結部４の上端および下端とを引張部３で引張力を生じて連結する態様で構成してもよい。   The intermediate connecting portion 4 is made of a rigid body such as a steel material, a composite material of steel and concrete, or a concrete material, and is formed in a column shape extending in the vertical direction. And as shown in FIG. 2, the tension | pulling part 3 is connected with the upper end and lower end of the intermediate | middle connection part 4, respectively. That is, the tension | pulling part 3 has comprised a part of three-dimensional truss. Although not shown in the figure, when configuring the three-dimensional truss, the floating body 1 is formed in a column shape extending in the vertical direction, and the upper end and the lower end thereof and the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate connecting portion 4 are connected to the tension portion 3. May be connected to each other. Moreover, the intermediate | middle connection part 4 may be comprised as a floating body. Although not clearly shown in the drawing, the floating body 1 and the connecting part 2 have a columnar shape like the intermediate connecting part 4, and the upper and lower ends thereof and the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connecting part 4 are connected by the tension part 3. You may comprise in the aspect which produces a tensile force and connects.

風力発電施設５は、浮体部１の上部に載置してある。風力発電施設５は、本実施例では浮体部１の上部に立設した支柱５１と、支柱５１の上端に対して垂直な軸線の周りに回転可能に配置した発電機５２と、発電機５２に対して水平な軸線の周りに回転可能に配置した風車５３とで構成してある。この風力発電施設５は、風向きに対して風車５３の向きを可変する態様で発電機５２が回転しつつ、風車５３が回転することによって発電が行われる。なお、風力発電施設５の支柱５１は、水面より下側にある下端部分が浮体として構成してあってもよい。   The wind power generation facility 5 is placed on the upper part of the floating body 1. In this embodiment, the wind power generation facility 5 includes a support column 51 erected on the upper part of the floating body 1, a generator 52 that is arranged to be rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the upper end of the support column 51, and a generator 52 On the other hand, it is comprised with the windmill 53 arrange | positioned rotatably around the horizontal axis line. In the wind power generation facility 5, power is generated by the rotation of the windmill 53 while the generator 52 rotates in such a manner that the direction of the windmill 53 is variable with respect to the wind direction. In addition, the support | pillar 51 of the wind power generation facility 5 may comprise the lower end part below a water surface as a floating body.

上記風力発電施設５を各浮体部１の上部に配置する場合、図２に示すように水平方向に投影したときに各風車５３が重なることがなく互いの風力発電施設５の発電能力を低下させない形態とすることが好ましい。例えば、風力発電施設５の風車５３が径１２５ｍである場合に、各支柱５１の間隔を少なくとも２５０ｍとする。このため、各浮体部１の間隔を２５０ｍにする態様で当該浮体部１を連結部２で環状に連結する。   When the wind power generation facility 5 is arranged at the upper part of each floating body portion 1, the wind turbines 53 do not overlap each other when projected in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. The form is preferred. For example, when the wind turbine 53 of the wind power generation facility 5 has a diameter of 125 m, the interval between the columns 51 is set to at least 250 m. For this reason, the said floating body part 1 is connected cyclically | annularly by the connection part 2 in the aspect which makes the space | interval of each floating body part 1 250 m.

また、中間連結部４を浮体として構成した場合には、当該中間連結部４の上部を水上に施設（物品）を載置することが可能である。図には明示しないが、例えば浮体部１に風力発電施設５を載置した場合には、中間連結部４の上部に風力発電設備の管理施設などの施設（物品）を載置する。また、中間連結部４を浮体１と同様にプレキャスト部材としてもよい。   Moreover, when the intermediate connection part 4 is comprised as a floating body, it is possible to mount a facility (article) on the water on the upper part of the intermediate connection part 4. Although not clearly shown in the drawing, for example, when the wind power generation facility 5 is placed on the floating body 1, a facility (article) such as a management facility for wind power generation equipment is placed on the upper portion of the intermediate connection portion 4. Further, the intermediate connecting portion 4 may be a precast member similarly to the floating body 1.

このように構成した浮体構造は、図には明示しないが、例えば浮体部１または連結部２に対して繊維ロープやチェーンを介して連結したアンカーを水底１１（図２参照）に投げ込んだ緊結係留方式などによって係留する。この係留に関しては緊結係留方式に限らず、設置場所の諸状況に応じて適宜選択すればよい。   Although the floating structure configured in this way is not clearly shown in the drawing, for example, the anchor mooring in which an anchor connected to the floating body 1 or the connecting part 2 via a fiber rope or chain is thrown into the water bottom 11 (see FIG. 2). Moored depending on the method. The mooring is not limited to the tight mooring method, and may be appropriately selected according to various situations at the installation location.

したがって、上述した浮体構造では、複数の浮体部１を剛体からなる連結部２によって環状に連結し、これら浮体部１および連結部２に対して引張部３によって環状の内側に向く引張力を生じさせている。この結果、複数の浮体部１の相互間隔を確保することが可能である。また、剛体構造の環状と、この環状を内側に向けて引張する引張構造とによって十分な強度を得るため、各浮体部１間を連結する部材を少なくしてコストを低減することが可能になる。また、引張部３は張弦ケーブルからなるため風波の抵抗を受け難い。   Therefore, in the above-described floating body structure, a plurality of floating body portions 1 are connected in a ring shape by a connecting portion 2 made of a rigid body, and a tensile force directed toward the inside of the ring is generated by the tension portion 3 with respect to the floating body portion 1 and the connecting portion 2. I am letting. As a result, it is possible to ensure the mutual interval between the plurality of floating body portions 1. Moreover, in order to obtain sufficient strength by the rigid structure ring and the tension structure that pulls the ring inward, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing the number of members that connect the floating body portions 1. . Moreover, since the tension | pulling part 3 consists of a stringed cable, it is hard to receive the resistance of a wind wave.

また、環状の内側に設けた中間連結部４を引張部３と浮体部１との間、引張部３と連結部２との間に介在したことにより、引張部３によって生じる引張力を環状の全体に掛かるように複数に分配することが可能になる。特に、中間連結部４を環状の中心に配置することによって、引張部３の引張力を各浮体部１および各連結部２に対して均等に生じさせることが可能になる。   Further, since the intermediate connecting portion 4 provided inside the annular shape is interposed between the tensile portion 3 and the floating body portion 1 and between the tensile portion 3 and the connecting portion 2, the tensile force generated by the tensile portion 3 is annular. It becomes possible to distribute to a plurality of parts so as to apply to the whole. In particular, by arranging the intermediate connecting portion 4 at the center of the ring shape, the tensile force of the pulling portion 3 can be evenly generated for each floating body portion 1 and each connecting portion 2.

また、連結部２を環状の外側に膨出する態様でアーチ状に湾曲形成したことにより、各浮体部１を環状に連結する剛体構造が引張部３の引張力をともなってさらに助勢されて強度を高めることが可能になり、部材数を少なくできる。   In addition, since the connecting portion 2 is curved and formed in an arch shape so as to bulge outward, the rigid structure that connects each floating body portion 1 in an annular shape is further assisted with the tensile force of the tensile portion 3 to increase the strength. The number of members can be reduced.

浮体部１を環状に均等配置することにより、強度を均等に保持することが可能になる。   By evenly arranging the floating body portions 1 in an annular shape, the strength can be kept even.

連結部２をプレキャスト部材で構成することにより、生産性を向上してコストを低減することが可能になる。   By configuring the connecting portion 2 with a precast member, productivity can be improved and costs can be reduced.

浮体部１を没水型とすることにより、風波による抵抗を低減することが可能になる。   By making the floating body 1 submerged, it is possible to reduce resistance caused by wind waves.

連結部２を浮遊させている水とほぼ同じ単位体積重量にすることにより、浮体部１を連結する構造に余分な応力が掛かる事態を防ぐことが可能になる。 By substantially the same specific weight and the water is caused to float coupling portion 2, it is possible to prevent a situation in which excess stress on the structure for connecting the floating body 1 is applied.

中間連結部４を上下方向に延在する柱状に形成して、その上端および下端と、浮体部１および連結部２との間に立体トラスをなす態様で引張部３を設けたことにより、環状の径方向とともに上下方向を含めた立体的な引張力が得られるのでさらに強度を高めることが可能になる。また、浮体部１および連結部２が中間連結部４のごとく柱状の形状を有してその上端および下端と、中間連結部４の上端および下端とを引張部３で引張力を生じて連結する態様で構成すれば、さらにまた強度を高めることが可能になる。   The intermediate connecting portion 4 is formed in a column shape extending in the vertical direction, and the tension portion 3 is provided in such a manner that a three-dimensional truss is formed between the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate connecting portion 4 and the floating body portion 1 and the connecting portion 2. Since a three-dimensional tensile force including the vertical direction as well as the radial direction is obtained, the strength can be further increased. Further, the floating body portion 1 and the connecting portion 2 have a columnar shape like the intermediate connecting portion 4, and the upper end and the lower end thereof and the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate connecting portion 4 are connected to each other by generating a tensile force at the pulling portion 3. If constituted in a mode, the strength can be further increased.

中間連結部４を浮体として構成したことにより、当該中間連結部４の上部にヘリポートなどの施設（物品）を載置することが可能になる。   By configuring the intermediate connecting portion 4 as a floating body, it becomes possible to place a facility (article) such as a heliport on the upper portion of the intermediate connecting portion 4.

各浮体部１の上部に風力発電施設５を載置した場合には、洋上風力発電設備として、各風力発電施設５の相互間隔を確保することが可能である。また、洋上風力発電設備として、剛体構造の環状と、この環状を内側に向けて引張する引張構造とによって十分な強度を得るため、各風力発電施設５間を連結する部材を少なくしてコストを低減することが可能になる。さらに、中間連結部４が浮体として構成した場合には、当該中間連結部４の上部に風力発電設備の管理施設を載置して、連結した風力発電施設５を管理することが可能になる。   When the wind power generation facility 5 is mounted on the upper part of each floating body portion 1, it is possible to ensure the mutual space between the wind power generation facilities 5 as the offshore wind power generation facility. Further, as an offshore wind power generation facility, in order to obtain sufficient strength by a rigid structure ring and a tension structure that pulls the ring inward, the number of members connecting the wind power generation facilities 5 is reduced, and the cost is reduced. It becomes possible to reduce. Furthermore, when the intermediate connection part 4 is configured as a floating body, it is possible to manage the connected wind power generation facility 5 by placing a management facility for wind power generation equipment on the upper part of the intermediate connection part 4.

なお、上述した図１および図５に示すような浮体構造において、浮体部１を３つに限らず複数設けてもよい。   In the floating structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 described above, the number of floating body portions 1 is not limited to three, and a plurality of floating body portions 1 may be provided.

図６は本発明に係る浮体構造の他の実施例を示す平面図である。図６に示す浮体構造は、複数（本実施例では３つ）の浮体部１をアーチ状に湾曲形成した連結部２によって円環状に連結してある。そして、円環状の中心位置に中間連結部４を配置し、当該中間連結部４を介在して引張部３を浮体部１および連結部２に連結してある。このように構成した浮体構造では、浮体部１を円環状に連結してあるため、重量バランスが安定する。また、浮体部１を円環状に連結してあるため、浮体部１の数を任意に設定することが可能である。浮体部１の数を任意に設定する場合には、浮体部１を円環状に均等配置することが好ましい。なお、図には明示しないが浮体部１を円環状に連結した場合においても中間連結部４を設けない構成であってもよい。ところで、浮体部１を３つ設ける場合においては、図６に示す円環状に連結する構成に比較して、図１に示す環状（略三角形のおむすび型）に連結する構成のほうが連結部２の膨出する大きさが小さいので全体の所有面積が小さくなる。   FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the floating structure according to the present invention. The floating body structure shown in FIG. 6 is formed by connecting a plurality (three in this embodiment) of floating body portions 1 in an annular shape by connecting portions 2 that are curved in an arch shape. And the intermediate connection part 4 is arrange | positioned in the annular | circular center position, and the tension | pulling part 3 is connected with the floating body part 1 and the connection part 2 through the said intermediate connection part 4. FIG. In the floating body structure configured as described above, the weight balance is stabilized because the floating body portion 1 is connected in an annular shape. Further, since the floating body portions 1 are connected in an annular shape, the number of the floating body portions 1 can be arbitrarily set. When the number of the floating body portions 1 is arbitrarily set, it is preferable that the floating body portions 1 are equally arranged in an annular shape. Although not clearly shown in the drawing, the intermediate connection portion 4 may not be provided even when the floating body portion 1 is connected in an annular shape. By the way, when three floating body parts 1 are provided, the structure connected to the annular shape (substantially triangular rice ball shape) shown in FIG. 1 is better than the structure connected to the annular shape shown in FIG. Since the size of the bulge is small, the total area of ownership is reduced.

図７は本発明に係る浮体構造の他の実施例を示す平面図である。図７に示す浮体構造は、複数（本実施例では３つ）の浮体部１を直線状の連結部２によって環状に連結してある。そして、環状の中心位置に中間連結部４を配置し、当該中間連結部４を介在して引張部３を浮体部１に連結してある。このように構成した浮体構造では、引張部３による作用が図１および図６に示す構成と比較して低下するが、連結部２が直線状であるため全体の所有面積が小さくなる。   FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the floating structure according to the present invention. In the floating structure shown in FIG. 7, a plurality (three in the present embodiment) of floating body portions 1 are connected in a ring shape by linear connecting portions 2. And the intermediate | middle connection part 4 is arrange | positioned in the cyclic | annular center position, and the tension | pulling part 3 is connected with the floating body part 1 through the said intermediate | middle connection part 4. FIG. In the floating body structure configured as described above, the action by the tension portion 3 is reduced as compared with the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, but the entire owned area is reduced because the connecting portion 2 is linear.

本発明に係る浮体構造の実施例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the Example of the floating body structure which concerns on this invention. 図１に示した浮体構造の正面図である。It is a front view of the floating body structure shown in FIG. 図１に示した連結部の径方向の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the radial direction of the connection part shown in FIG. 図１に示した連結部の長手方向の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the longitudinal direction of the connection part shown in FIG. 引張部の他の例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the other example of a tension | pulling part. 本発明に係る浮体構造の他の実施例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the other Example of the floating structure which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る浮体構造の他の実施例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the other Example of the floating structure which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 浮体部
２ 連結部
２１ 錘室
２１ａ 隔壁
２２ 浮力室
３ 引張部
４ 中間連結部
５ 風力発電施設
５１ 支柱
５２ 発電機
５３ 風車
１０ 水上
１１ 水底 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating body part 2 Connection part 21 Weight chamber 21a Bulkhead 22 Buoyancy room 3 Tensile part 4 Intermediate connection part 5 Wind power generation facility 51 Prop 52 Generator 53 Windmill 10 Water surface 11 Water bottom

Claims (1)

上部に物品が載置される複数の浮体部と、
前記浮体部を環状に連結する剛体からなる連結部と、
前記浮体部および前記連結部に対して前記環状の内側に向けた引張力を生じる引張部とを備え、
前記連結部は没水型であり、前記連結部を浮遊させている水とほぼ同じ単位体積重量であり、
前記連結部の上部が浮力室となっており、下部が長手方向に分割された錘室となっていることを特徴とする浮体構造。 A plurality of floating bodies on which articles are placed;
A connecting portion made of a rigid body connecting the floating body portions in an annular shape;
A tension portion that generates a tensile force toward the inner side of the annular shape with respect to the floating body portion and the connection portion;
The connection portion is submerged type, Ri approximately the same specific weight der water which suspended the connecting portion,
Floating structure upper portion of the connecting portion is a buoyancy chamber, characterized that you have a Tsumushitsu the lower is divided longitudinally.
JP2005149742A 2005-05-23 2005-05-23 Floating structure Active JP4807771B2 (en)

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JP4947456B2 (en) * 2005-12-09 2012-06-06 清水建設株式会社 Floating structure
JP5412148B2 (en) * 2009-03-13 2014-02-12 五洋建設株式会社 Basic structure of floating offshore wind turbine generator
EP2510231B1 (en) * 2009-12-07 2015-07-29 Hexicon AB Floating energy producing plant
RU2478506C1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-04-10 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" Lubricator control system at rail-lubing locomotive
IT202000011779A1 (en) * 2020-05-20 2021-11-20 Seawind Ocean Tech Holding B V SEMI SUBMERSIBLE FLOATING PLATFORM FOR OFFSHORE ELECTRICITY CONVERSION SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUCH PLATFORM
AU2022263178A1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2023-11-16 Seatrium (Sg) Pte. Ltd. Floating structure

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JPS53140798A (en) * 1977-05-11 1978-12-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Precast concrete block and method of building structure thereby
JP2002130113A (en) * 2000-10-23 2002-05-09 Hitachi Zosen Corp Marine wind power generating device
ATE370328T1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2007-09-15 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE
ITBA20020047A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-06-18 Enertec Aktiegesellschaft Ag METHOD OF REALIZATION OF A SUBMERSIBLE PUSH-PLATFORM LOCKED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM THE WIND IN THE OPEN SEA AND OF MARICULTURE PRODUCTS

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