JP4782985B2 - 燃料電池の熱管理方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池の熱管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0637—Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
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- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/0455—Purification by non-catalytic desulfurisation
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0485—Composition of the impurity the impurity being a sulfur compound
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
- C01B2203/067—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells the reforming process taking place in the fuel cell
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/085—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by electric heating
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
- C01B2203/0883—Methods of cooling by indirect heat exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/148—Details of the flowsheet involving a recycle stream to the feed of the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1614—Controlling the temperature
- C01B2203/1619—Measuring the temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1642—Controlling the product
- C01B2203/1647—Controlling the amount of the product
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1685—Control based on demand of downstream process
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Description
所定の濃度のメタンを含有する燃料電池供給ストリームを生成させるため、オートサーマル改質器内で燃料供給ストリームを処理する工程と、
上記燃料電池供給ストリーム中に含まれるメタンを燃料電池内において吸熱性の改質反応により改質し、上記吸熱性の改質反応を、上記発熱性の発電反応により生成された熱のヒートシンクとして使用する工程と、を有し、
燃料電池内において、当該燃料電池の所望の温度制御に適するメタン改質レベルに達するように、上記燃料電池供給ストリーム中のメタン濃度を、オートサーマル改質器のオペレーションを制御することにより変動させることを特徴とする方法を提供する。
メタン濃度が制御された排出ストリームを生成するため、可変のオペレーションが可能であり、燃料電池の上流において該燃料電池と連通するように設けられたオートサーマル改質器と、
内部でメタンを改質するために適用され、上記オートサーマル改質器の下流において該オートサーマル改質器と連通するように設けられた燃料電池と、を備える燃料電池システムを提供する。
CH4+1/2O2→CO+2H2 (2) 部分酸化反応
CH4+H2O→3H2+CO (3) スチーム改質反応
CxHy+(2x+y/2)O2→xCO2+y/2H2O(4) 燃焼反応
CxHy+x/yO2→xCO+y/2H2 (5) 部分酸化反応
CxHy+H2O→CH4+CO+H2 (6) スチーム改質反応
CO+H2O→H2+CO2 (7)
Claims (14)
- 燃料電池内において発熱性の発電反応により発生する熱が当該燃料電池に対する負荷需要に応じて変化するように燃料電池の温度を制御する方法であって、
所定の濃度のメタンを含有する燃料電池供給ストリームを生成させるため、オートサーマル改質器内で燃料供給ストリームを処理する工程と、
上記燃料電池供給ストリーム中に含まれるメタンを燃料電池内において吸熱性の改質反応により改質し、上記吸熱性の改質反応を、上記発熱性の発電反応により生成された熱のヒートシンクとして使用する工程と、を有し、
燃料電池内において、当該燃料電池の所望の温度制御に適するメタン改質レベルに達するように、上記燃料電池供給ストリーム中のメタン濃度を、オートサーマル改質器のオペレーションを制御することにより変動させることを特徴とする方法。 - オートサーマル改質器からの排出ストリームにおけるメタン濃度を、連続的にかつ急速に変化させ、そのことにより燃料電池内におけるメタンの内部改質の程度を、燃料電池温度の変動に応じて制御することを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記燃料供給ストリームが、天然ガス、LPG若しくはディーゼルである請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器が、触媒部分酸化反応とスチーム改質反応とを組み合わせた請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記燃料電池供給ストリーム中のメタンの濃度が、オートサーマル改質器の改質部の温度を制御することにより制御される請求項4記載の方法。
- 上記触媒部分酸化反応の程度が、反応に利用される酸素の量を調整することにより制御される請求項4記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器内のスチーム改質の程度が、反応に利用される水の量を制御することにより調整される請求項4記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器からの排出物中のメタンの濃度が、上記オートサーマル改質器が作動する温度及び/又は圧力を調整することにより制御される請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器に、触媒により被覆されたチャンネル及び被覆されないチャンネルの一連のチャンネルが設けられ、
当該一連のチャンネルは、上記燃料供給ストリームと上記オートサーマル改質器内の触媒との間の、要求される接触の程度に基づいて、上記燃料供給ストリームが、選択されたチャンネルを流れるように構成され、
そのことにより上記燃料電池フィードストリーム中のメタン濃度を制御する請求項1記載の方法。 - 上記オートサーマル改質器が、活性が上記燃料供給ストリーム中の炭素に対する酸素の比により変化する触媒を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器におけるスチーム改質の程度が、上記燃料供給ストリーム中の炭素に対するスチームの比を制御することにより調整される請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記オートサーマル改質器が、活性が上記燃料供給ストリーム中の炭素に対するスチームの比により変化する触媒を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 上記燃料電池供給ストリームのメタン濃度が、体積で少なくとも10%である請求項1記載の方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法を実行するに適した燃料電池システムであって、
メタン濃度が制御された排出ストリームを生成するため、可変のオペレーションが可能であり、燃料電池の上流において該燃料電池と連通するように設けられたオートサーマル改質器と、
内部でメタンを改質するために適用され、上記オートサーマル改質器の下流において該オートサーマル改質器と連通するように設けられた燃料電池と、を備えるシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPS0243A AUPS024302A0 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2002-01-31 | Thermal management of fuel cells |
AUPS0243 | 2002-01-31 | ||
PCT/AU2003/000029 WO2003065488A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2003-01-23 | Thermal managment of fuel cells |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005516374A JP2005516374A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
JP2005516374A5 JP2005516374A5 (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
JP4782985B2 true JP4782985B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
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JP2003564967A Expired - Fee Related JP4782985B2 (ja) | 2002-01-31 | 2003-01-23 | 燃料電池の熱管理方法 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7521139B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1470605B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4782985B2 (ja) |
AU (2) | AUPS024302A0 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2474270C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003065488A1 (ja) |
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JPH07272741A (ja) | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池のモジュール構造 |
JP3316393B2 (ja) | 1996-09-25 | 2002-08-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 燃料電池発電システム及びその運転方法 |
JP3071158B2 (ja) | 1997-07-02 | 2000-07-31 | 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池発電システム技術研究組合 | 燃料電池発電装置 |
WO1999064150A1 (fr) | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-16 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Catalyseur et procede de reformage d'hydrocarbures |
JP2000084410A (ja) | 1998-07-14 | 2000-03-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | オ―トサ―マルリフォ―ミング触媒および水素または合成ガスの製造方法 |
CA2298970A1 (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-09-18 | Joseph Jay Hartvigsen | Solid oxide fuel cell burner system and method for generating heat therefrom |
AUPQ223499A0 (en) | 1999-08-16 | 1999-09-09 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited | Fuel cell system |
JP3781942B2 (ja) | 2000-03-24 | 2006-06-07 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 固体電解質型燃料電池システム |
AUPR324201A0 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2001-03-15 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited | Fuel cell system |
-
2002
- 2002-01-31 AU AUPS0243A patent/AUPS024302A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-01-23 EP EP03700081A patent/EP1470605B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-23 WO PCT/AU2003/000029 patent/WO2003065488A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-01-23 AU AU2003201391A patent/AU2003201391B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-23 JP JP2003564967A patent/JP4782985B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-23 CA CA2474270A patent/CA2474270C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-23 US US10/502,957 patent/US7521139B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1470605A1 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
WO2003065488A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
US20050074642A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
AU2003201391B2 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
JP2005516374A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
US7521139B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 |
EP1470605B1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
CA2474270C (en) | 2011-10-18 |
EP1470605A4 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
AUPS024302A0 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
CA2474270A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
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