JP4774425B2 - Snowfall prevention structure - Google Patents

Description

本発明は、建物の屋上外縁上部に雪庇防止柵を配置するものであって、建築の技術分野に属するものである。   The present invention is to dispose a snow fence prevention fence at the upper part of the outer edge of the roof of a building, and belongs to the technical field of architecture.

多雪地域では、雪降し作業の軽減や、落雪によるトラブルを回避するため、屋根の雪を下に落さない陸屋根などのフラットな屋根形状を採用する建物が多い。
そして、この種の屋根形状の建物では、季節風などの、一定方向の風を伴なう降雪によって、屋根の軒先に雪庇が発生する。
雪庇は、風下軒先の雪の吹き溜まりが成長して、パラペットの高さを超えた場合に始まり、軒先部の吹き溜まりが飽和状態になると水平方向に急激に成長し、軒先への局所荷重の増大、崩落による人身事故等を招く。
そして、雪庇除去作業も危険、且つ困難であるため、近年、雪庇を抑制する手段の開発が望まれている。 In heavy snow areas, many buildings adopt flat roof shapes such as flat roofs that do not allow snow to fall down to reduce snowfall work and avoid troubles due to falling snow.
In this type of roof-shaped building, snowfall occurs at the eaves of the roof due to snowfall accompanied by wind in a certain direction such as seasonal wind.
The snow leopard starts when the snow puddle at the leeward eaves grows and exceeds the height of the parapet, and when the eaves puddle becomes saturated, it grows rapidly in the horizontal direction, increasing the local load on the eaves, Injury caused by collapse.
And since the snow plow removal work is also dangerous and difficult, in recent years, development of means for suppressing the snow plow has been desired.

雪庇防止装置としては、図７に示す従来例１、図８に示す従来例２、図９に示す従来例３、等が提案されている。
図７（Ａ）は、特許文献１として挙げた従来例１の縦断面図であり、図７（Ｂ）は従来例１の分解斜視図であって、従来例１は、図７に示す如く、建造物の外縁部（パラペット）上に、ホルダを、一定間隔でボルト固定し、ホルダ上に笠木を冠着し、笠木上に台座をホルダと整合して配置し、外側の垂直板と底板を係合した雪庇防止部材の底板を、台座を介してホルダに締着し、雪庇防止部材の傾斜板を、垂直板の上受け部から底板の下受け部に亘って配置するものである。 As a snowfall prevention device, a conventional example 1 shown in FIG. 7, a conventional example 2 shown in FIG. 8, a conventional example 3 shown in FIG. 9, and the like have been proposed.
7A is a longitudinal sectional view of Conventional Example 1 cited as Patent Document 1, FIG. 7B is an exploded perspective view of Conventional Example 1, and Conventional Example 1 is as shown in FIG. On the outer edge (parapet) of the building, the holder is fixed with bolts at regular intervals, the headboard is mounted on the holder, the base is aligned with the holder on the headboard, and the outer vertical plate and bottom plate The bottom plate of the snowfall prevention member engaged with is fastened to the holder via the pedestal, and the inclined plate of the snowfall prevention member is arranged from the upper receiving portion of the vertical plate to the lower receiving portion of the bottom plate.

そして、断面略三角形状の雪庇防止装置は、垂直板と底板と傾斜板との３部材で構成することにより、大型の雪庇防止装置であっても、製造上のサイズ制限を受けることなく、容易、且つ安価に製造出来るものであって、雪庇防止装置は、主要部材の垂直板、底板、傾斜板が分離しているため、運搬、施工が容易であり、笠木と底板とは台座によって空気流通空間が形成出来、該空間から屋上面に沿って流れる風を外側に誘導し、屋上の積雪を軽減出来るものである。   Further, the snow scum prevention device having a substantially triangular cross section is configured by three members of a vertical plate, a bottom plate, and an inclined plate, so that even a large snow skein prevention device is easily subjected to size restrictions in manufacturing. The snow leopard prevention device is easy to transport and construct because the vertical plate, bottom plate, and inclined plate of the main members are separated. A space can be formed, and wind flowing along the roof surface from the space can be guided to the outside to reduce snow on the roof.

また、従来例２（図８）は特許文献２として挙げたものであって、図８の断面図に示す如く、笠木と一体のブラケットをパラペット上に固定し、垂直の外壁板と傾斜した内壁板とを補強板部で一体化した断面略三角形の雪庇切笠木をブラケットに係合止着して、パラペットの全長に亘って笠木と一体化したものであり、雪庇切笠木を支持するブラケットを笠木と一体形成しておくことにより、雪庇切笠木の取付けの作業性の工場、及びコストダウンを図ったものである。   Further, Conventional Example 2 (FIG. 8) is cited as Patent Document 2, and as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 8, a bracket integrated with a headboard is fixed on a parapet, and a vertical outer wall plate and an inclined inner wall are provided. A snowboard-cut headboard with a substantially triangular cross-section, which is integrated with the reinforcing plate, is engaged with the bracket and integrated with the headboard over the entire length of the parapet. By forming it integrally with the headboard, it is intended to reduce the cost and to reduce the cost by attaching the snowboard-cut headboard.

また、従来例３（図９）は、特許文献３として挙げた雪庇防止笠木であって、風切立上り部と笠木とを単一材で一体作成し、風切立上り部に風抜け孔を穿設したものであり、形状の単純化、小型化、軽量化、取付工事の省力化を図ったものであって、風切立上り部の頂部で風の乱れを起して雪の付着を防いで雪庇を抑制するものである。
特開２００４−２７７５４号公報 特開２００７−３２１３３１号公報 特開２００６−３２８９２６号公報 Further, Conventional Example 3 (FIG. 9) is a snow leopard prevention headwood cited as Patent Document 3, in which a wind riser portion and a headboard are integrally made of a single material, and a wind passage hole is formed in the wind riser portion. It is designed to simplify the shape, reduce size, reduce weight, and save labor in installation work. It prevents wind from adhering to the top of the wind rising part by causing wind turbulence. Suppresses snowfall.
JP 2004-27754 A JP 2007-321331 A JP 2006-328926 A

従来例１（図７）の雪庇防止装置は、全長に亘って断面三角形状構築物となるため、製品は高コストである。
そして、降雪の初期段階では底板と笠木との間の空間から雪を吹き飛ばすが、積雪が進行すれば、雪庇防止装置は雪溜まりのダム機能を奏し、大荷重を受けるため、高強度、高剛性の構築物とする必要があり、設置コストが大となる。
そして、雪庇防止装置は、屋上に壁形態で存在するため、建物の軒高は雪庇防止装置の頂部となり、建物の設計上、各階の階高を圧迫することとなる。
しかも、積雪が高くなれば、該雪庇防止装置は、単にパラペットを高くした機能を奏するのみであるため、雪庇防止装置の頂部での雪庇の形成、及び落下を生ずる。 Since the snow scum prevention device of Conventional Example 1 (FIG. 7) is a triangular cross-section structure over the entire length, the product is expensive.
In the initial stage of snowfall, snow is blown off from the space between the bottom plate and the headboard. However, if snow accumulation proceeds, the snow scum prevention device performs a dam function of a snow pool and receives a heavy load, so it has high strength and high rigidity. It is necessary to set it as a structure, and the installation cost becomes large.
And since the snowfall prevention device exists in the form of a wall on the roof, the eaves height of the building becomes the top of the snowfall prevention device, and the floor height of each floor is pressed in the design of the building.
In addition, when the snow level is high, the snow scum prevention device merely has a function of raising the parapet, so that a snow sag is formed and dropped at the top of the snow sack prevention device.

また、従来例２（図８）の雪庇切笠木にあっては、従来例１（図７）と同様に、断面三角形の壁状構築物が屋上に延展する形態となり、該雪庇切笠木は建物の階高の増大となり、各階の階高設計に制約を与える。
そして、該雪庇切笠木は、単に屋上にダムを形成した機能を奏するだけであるので、高い雪溜まりを形成し、該ダム（雪庇切笠木）を超える積雪にあっては、従来例１同様、頂部での雪庇形成、及び雪庇の落下を生ずる。
しかも、雪庇切笠木は、雪溜まりを支承するため、高強度、高剛性に構築する必要があり、構築コストが大となる。 In addition, in the conventional example 2 (FIG. 8), as in the conventional example 1 (FIG. 7), the wall-shaped structure having a triangular cross section extends on the roof, The floor height will increase, which will constrain the floor height design of each floor.
And since the snow sculpture Kasagi simply has the function of forming a dam on the rooftop, it forms a high snow pool, and in snow that exceeds the dam (Snow slash Kasagi), as in Conventional Example 1, It causes the formation of a snow jar at the top and the falling of a snow jar.
In addition, since the snow slasher Kasagi supports the snow puddle, it needs to be constructed with high strength and high rigidity, which increases the construction cost.

また、従来例３（図９）の雪庇防止笠木にあっては、笠木との単一材で成型加工し、板材の風切立上り部を笠木から垂直に立設形成したものであるため、風力を伴なった積雪の水平方向荷重に、構造上、対応困難である。
しかも、風切立上り部の寸法、風抜け孔の形状、構造に関する具体的開示が無いため、風切立上り部は、風抜け孔が小さくて表面の着雪が多くなり、ダム機能を発揮して上端で雪庇を形成するものか、或いは風抜け孔が大きくて風抜け孔自体が雪庇を形成するものかも不明であり、従来例３の雪庇防止笠木は、構造面及び機能面から見て、欠陥があり、多雪地域では到底採用出来ない。 In addition, in the snow leopard prevention coping of the conventional example 3 (FIG. 9), since it is molded and processed with a single material with the coping and the wind rising part of the plate material is erected vertically from the coping, It is difficult to cope with the horizontal load of snow with snow.
Moreover, since there is no specific disclosure regarding the dimensions of the wind riser, the shape and structure of the wind draft hole, the wind rise riser has a small wind draft hole that increases the amount of snow on the surface, exerts a dam function, and has an upper end. It is also unclear whether it forms a snow leopard, or the wind vent hole is large and the air vent hole itself forms a snow leopard. Yes, it cannot be used in heavy snow areas.

本願発明は、これら従来の雪庇防止装置の問題点を解決、又は改善するものであり、雪庇の形成・成長現象を分析し、着雪を抑制し、且つ雪庇の形成も抑制出来る柵を、しかも製作、施工容易に立設する、画期的な雪庇防止構造を開発し、多雪地域での有効な雪庇防止装置を提供するものである。   The present invention solves or improves the problems of these conventional snow scum prevention devices, analyzes the formation / growth phenomenon of snow sledges, suppresses snow accretion, and can also prevent the formation of snow scum. We will develop a groundbreaking snowfall prevention structure that is easy to manufacture and construct, and provide an effective snowfall prevention device in snowy areas.

本発明は、例えば図１に示す如く、建物の屋上外縁上面ＰＴに、支持金具５によって柵３を立設した雪庇防止構造であって、柵３は、上端横桟材３Ｕが、ねじ孔Ｈ３を備えた垂直横板３Ｖと上辺３Ｔと立下り片３Ｆとで係合溝３Ｇを構成した板材であり、下端横桟材３Ｄ及び縦桟材３Ｐがねじ孔Ｈ３を備えた平板材であり、縦桟材３Ｐの上端Ｐｔを上端横桟材３Ｕの係合溝３Ｇ内に嵌入して、上端横桟材３Ｕと、縦桟材３Ｐと、下端横桟材３Ｄとを対応ねじ孔Ｈ３を介したねじ３Ｎ締着により、各縦桟材３Ｐ間に、雪の吹抜けを許容し、且つ雪庇の形成、成長を抑制する縦長の開口部Ｗａを保って一体化したものであり、該柵３を間隔配置した支持金具５に固定し、該支持金具５群を屋上外縁上面ＰＴに立設固定した雪庇防止構造である。
The present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a snowfall prevention structure in which a fence 3 is erected on a roof outer edge upper surface PT of a building by a support metal fitting 5. A vertical horizontal plate 3V, an upper side 3T, and a falling piece 3F that constitute an engagement groove 3G, and a lower end horizontal beam member 3D and a vertical beam member 3P are flat plate members provided with screw holes H3. The upper end Pt of the vertical crosspiece 3P is inserted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, and the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D are connected through corresponding screw holes H3. By fastening the screws 3N, the vertical crosspieces 3P are integrated while maintaining a vertically long opening Wa that allows the snow to blow through and suppresses the formation and growth of snow ridges. This is a snow-claw prevention structure in which the support brackets 5 are fixed to the spaced-apart support brackets 5 and the groups of the support brackets 5 are erected and fixed on the roof top surface PT.

この場合、屋上外縁上面ＰＴは、パラペットＰを備えた建物にあっては、パラペット上面ＰＴを指し、陸屋根建物にあっては、屋上の外縁上面ＰＴを指すものであり、雪庇発生の軒先部の上面ＰＴを指すものである。
また、上端横桟材３Ｕ及び下端横桟材３Ｄは、雪仕切用の縦桟材３Ｐ群を強固に、且つ簡便に取付ければ良く、典型的には、上端横桟材３Ｕの幅（Ｗｖ）及び下端横桟材３Ｄの幅（Ｗｄ）は、共に３０mmの板材である。
In this case, the roof outer edge upper surface PT indicates the parapet upper surface PT in a building equipped with the parapet P, and the roof outer edge upper surface PT indicates the roof outer edge upper surface PT in a flat roof building. It refers to the upper surface PT.
Moreover, the upper end crosspiece 3U and the lower end crosspiece 3D may be attached to the vertical partition 3P group for snow partitioning firmly and simply. Typically, the width (Wv) of the upper end crosspiece 3U is used. ) and lower transverse crosspieces 3D width (Wd) is a 3 0 mm of plate material co.

また、縦長の開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１、及び縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２は、雪庇の形成・成長の抑制に重大な影響を有する要素であり、雪質（乾雪、湿雪）、積雪量等で適正に選択決定すれば良いが、典型的には、開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１は５０mm、縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２は１５mmであり、上端横桟材３Ｕの上端から下端横桟材３Ｄの下端までの高さｈ３、即ち、柵３自体の高さｈ３は３７０mmである。
尚、支持金具５は、柵３内への定間隔配置となるため、雪の吹き溜まり発生要因とならないような構造とするのが望ましく、典型的には、雪吹抜け用の開口部Ｗａを、柵３の開口部Ｗａと同一形態で配置したものである。 Further, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa and the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P are elements that have a significant influence on the suppression of the formation / growth of snowfall, and the snow quality (dry snow, wet snow), the amount of snow cover However, typically, the width a1 of the opening Wa is 50 mm, the width a2 of the vertical beam 3P is 15 mm, and the upper horizontal beam 3D from the upper end to the lower horizontal beam 3D. The height h3 to the lower end of the rail, that is, the height h3 of the fence 3 itself is 370 mm.
In addition, since the support metal fittings 5 are arranged at regular intervals in the fence 3, it is desirable that the support metal fittings 5 have a structure that does not cause snow accumulation. Typically, the opening Wa for the snow blow-off is provided in the fence. 3 is arranged in the same form as the opening Wa.

雪庇の形成・成長及び防止の基礎的事項に関しては、北海道立北方建築総合研究所（旭川市）に於いて、最近研究、実験された結果、雪庇は、風下側のパラペットに雪の吹き溜まりが発生し、吹き溜まりがパラペット高を超えると、吹き溜まりの成長と共に風下側へ積雪面が庇状に張出して自重によって垂れ下がり、更なる降雪によって、初期雪庇上に堆積と張出しが重なって雪庇が成長すること。
形成された雪庇は、自重によるクリープ（一定の荷重による変形が時間の経過と共に進行する現象）により垂れ下がること。
降雪時の風向きが一定の地域では、吹き溜まりとクリープが雪庇の成長要因となること。
風上、風下側の雪の吹き溜まりが雪庇形成の主要因である場合は、吹き溜まりが飽和しないように、フェンスを設置するなどして、雪の堆積容量を増大するか、吹き溜まり量を減らす工夫が必要であること。
フェンスを設置する場合は、吹き溜まりがフェンスの高さを超えないようにすること。
雪庇は、屋根上の積雪と結合していると、落下せず成長を続けるため、雪庇と屋根上積雪との結合面積を減らすこと。
等の重要事項が発表された。 As a result of recent research and experiments at the Hokkaido Prefectural Institute of Northern Architecture (Asahikawa City) regarding the basics of the formation, growth and prevention of snowfall, the snowfall caused snow puddles in the parapet on the leeward side. However, when the puddle exceeds the height of the parapet, as the puddle grows, the snow cover surface hangs out to the leeward side and hangs down due to its own weight, and further snowfall causes accumulation of pilings and overhangs on the initial snow pail to grow.
The formed snow leopard hangs down due to creep due to its own weight (a phenomenon in which deformation under a constant load progresses over time).
In areas where the wind direction during snowfall is constant, snow accumulation and creep are the factors contributing to the growth of snow bream.
If wind drift on the windward and leeward sides is the main cause of snow ridge formation, install a fence or other means to increase the snow accumulation capacity or reduce the amount of snow puddle so that the puddle does not saturate. That is necessary.
When installing a fence, make sure that the sump does not exceed the height of the fence.
When a snowfall is combined with snow on the roof, it will continue to grow without falling, so the area of the connection between the snowfall and the snow on the roof should be reduced.
Important matters such as were announced.

従って、本発明の雪庇防止構造は、柵３が縦長の開口部Ｗａを備えているため、雪の吹抜けを許容して、柵３の風上側及び風下側の雪の吹き溜まりを抑制すると共に、各開口部Ｗａ間の縦桟材３Ｐが、屋上の風上側の積雪層と柵３の風下側、即ち外方の雪の張出し部との結合を雪切り遮断するため、雪庇の形成が抑制出来ると共に、雪庇の成長も抑制出来る。
そして、例え雪庇が生じても、雪仕切板としての各縦桟材の幅ａ２（標準：１５mm）で分割された開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１（標準：５０mm）での各細幅の張出し雪層からの雪庇に過ぎなく、落下の衝撃の大きな、危険な雪庇の形成は抑制出来る。
また、本発明の雪庇防止構造では、柵３は、図６（Ａ）に示す如く、上端横桟材３Ｕが、ねじ孔Ｈ３を備えた垂直横板３Ｖと上辺３Ｔと立下り片３Ｆとで係合溝３Ｇを構成した板材であり、下端横桟材３Ｄ及び縦桟材３Ｐがねじ孔Ｈ３を備えた平板材であり、縦桟材３Ｐの上端Ｐｔを上端横桟材３Ｕの係合溝３Ｇ内に嵌入して、上端横桟材３Ｕと、縦桟材３Ｐと、下端横桟材３Ｄとを対応ねじ孔Ｈ３を介したねじ３Ｎでの締着により、開口部Ｗａを保って一体化する点も必須要件としている。
この場合、上端横桟材３Ｕ及び下端横桟材３Ｄは、幅寸法が雪止めダム機能を奏するため、上下の枠材としての強度が担保出来れば、幅は小さい方が好ましく、縦桟材３Ｐは、積雪層を水平方向に分離区分して柵３の風上側と風下側との雪の結合を遮断する機能を奏し、且つ着雪を少なくする幅寸法とすべきであり、典型的には、各桟材３Ｕ，３Ｄ，３Ｐ共、５mm厚のアルミ合金製板材であって、上端横桟材３Ｕの垂直横板３Ｖの幅Ｗｖ、及び下端横桟材３Ｄの幅Ｗｄは、共に３０mmであり、縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２は１５mmである。
従って、上端横桟材３Ｕ、下端横桟材３Ｄ、及び縦桟材３Ｐは、板材であるため、製作及び準備が容易であり、各桟材相互のねじ３Ｎによる組立ても、各板材の面当接でのねじ締着であるため、作業も容易であり、上端横桟材３Ｕの、係合溝３Ｇは縦桟材３Ｐの組付け作業を容易とすると共に、支持金具５の嵌入部を提供し、上辺３Ｔ及び立下り片３Ｆが柵３の上面の補強部を提供すると共に、意匠効果も発揮する。
そのため、製作容易な板材製の柵でありながら、雪庇防止に必要な開口部Ｗａ（標準幅ａ１：５０mm）を備えた、デザイン性に富む雪庇防止柵が得られる。
Thus, cornice preventing structure of the present invention, since the fence 3 is provided with an elongated opening Wa, while allowing snow atrium, while suppressing the drift of the windward side及beauty leeward snow fence 3, The vertical crosspiece 3P between the openings Wa blocks the connection between the snow layer on the windward side of the roof and the leeward side of the fence 3, that is, the outside snow overhang, so that the formation of snow canopies can be suppressed. At the same time, the growth of snow leopards can be suppressed.
And even if a snowfall occurs, each overhanging snow layer with a narrow width at the width a1 (standard: 50 mm) of the opening Wa divided by the width a2 (standard: 15 mm) of each vertical rail as a snow partition plate The formation of a dangerous snowfall with a large impact of falling can be suppressed.
In the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the fence 3 is composed of a vertical horizontal plate 3V provided with a screw hole H3, an upper side 3T, and a falling piece 3F. It is a plate material that constitutes the engagement groove 3G, and the lower end cross member 3D and the vertical cross member 3P are flat plate members provided with screw holes H3, and the upper end Pt of the vertical cross member 3P is the engagement groove of the upper end cross member 3U. Inserted into 3G, the upper end crosspiece 3U, the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the lower end crosspiece 3D are integrated with the screw 3N through the corresponding screw hole H3, and the opening Wa is integrated. This is also an essential requirement .
In this case, since the width dimension of the upper end crosspiece 3U and the lower end crosspiece 3D has a snow dam function, if the strength as the upper and lower frame members can be secured, the width is preferably smaller. Should have a width dimension that separates the snow layer horizontally to cut off the coupling of snow between the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3 and reduces snowfall. Each of the crosspieces 3U, 3D, and 3P is a 5 mm thick aluminum alloy plate, and the width Wv of the vertical horizontal plate 3V of the upper end crosspiece 3U and the width Wd of the lower end crosspiece 3D are both 30 mm. Yes, the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P is 15 mm .
Accordingly, since the upper end crosspiece 3U, the lower end crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P are plate members, they can be easily manufactured and prepared. Since it is screw tightening in contact, the work is easy, and the engaging groove 3G of the upper side crosspiece 3U facilitates the work of assembling the vertical crosspiece 3P, and also provides a fitting portion for the support fitting 5. And while the upper side 3T and the falling piece 3F provide the reinforcement part of the upper surface of the fence 3, the design effect is also exhibited .
Therefore, although it is a fence made of a plate material that can be easily manufactured, a snow fence prevention fence having a good design and having an opening Wa (standard width a1: 50 mm) necessary for preventing snowfall is obtained .

また、本発明の雪庇防止構造にあっては、柵３は、図２に示す如く、下端横桟材３Ｄが、雪の吹抜けを許容する下方の開口部Ｗｂを形成して配置するのが好ましい。
この場合、開口部Ｗｂは、柵３の風上側と風下側とを連通するため、開口部Ｗｂの高さｈｂは、大きくて危険な雪庇の形成を抑制する高さとすべきであって、図１に示す如く、笠木２と干渉する場合は、笠木天端水平板２Ｔからの高さとすべきであり、典型的には、下方の開口部Ｗｂは、高さｈｂが３０mmである。 Further, in the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the fence 3 is arranged such that the lower end crosspiece 3D forms a lower opening Wb that allows snow to blow through, as shown in FIG. .
In this case, since the opening Wb communicates the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3, the height hb of the opening Wb should be a height that suppresses the formation of a large and dangerous snowfall, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, when the interference with the headboard 2 should be made, the height from the headboard horizontal end plate 2T should be set. Typically, the lower opening Wb has a height hb of 30 mm.

従って、柵３下方の開口部Ｗｂは、降雪の初期段階では、風の吹抜け窓として機能するため、柵３の内側（屋上側）の雪の吹き溜まりの成長を抑制し、例え開口部Ｗｂから積雪層を軒先側に張出しても、薄い層（標準：３０mm）の雪庇であって、危険ではない。
そして、下方開口部Ｗｂの上方の下端横桟材３Ｄはダム機能を奏するため、柵３の縦長開口部Ｗａから雪仕切用の縦桟材３Ｐで分割された各分割雪層が張出しても、下方開口部Ｗｂの張出し雪と上下間隔を保つ形態となるため、上方の開口部Ｗａが小幅（標準：５０mm）であることと相俟って、落下によって人身事故を引き起こすような、危険な雪庇の形成・成長は抑制出来る。 Therefore, since the opening Wb below the fence 3 functions as a wind blow-off window in the initial stage of snowfall, it suppresses the growth of the snow puddle inside the fence 3 (on the roof side), for example, from the opening Wb. Even if the layer is extended to the eaves side, it is a thin layer (standard: 30 mm) of snowfall and is not dangerous.
And since lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D above the lower opening Wb has a dam function, even if each divided snow layer divided by the vertical crosspiece 3P for snow partition overhangs from the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3, Since the upper opening Wa is kept at a vertical distance from the overhanging snow of the lower opening Wb, in combination with the fact that the upper opening Wa is narrow (standard: 50 mm) Formation and growth can be suppressed.

また、本発明に用いる柵は、柵３の開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１が４５〜５５mmであり、柵３を屋上外縁上面ＰＴに立設した状態での全面積に対し、開口部Ｗａ，Ｗｂの全面積が４５〜６５％であるのが好ましい。
この場合、柵全面積は、高さｈ３０（標準：４２０mm）が柵支持金具５の下端から、即ち屋上外縁上面ＰＴから上端横桟材３Ｕの上端縁までの高さである。
また、縦長の開口部（開口窓）Ｗａの幅ａ１は、大きくなれば、柵３の風上側と風下側との雪層の結合を生じて張出し雪層の成長を来たす危険があり、小さくなれば、雪庇（張出し雪層）防止効果は大となるが、柵３の風上側での着雪が多くなる。
また、湿雪は落雪よりも、柵３への着雪が大となり、雪層結合も生じ易い。
また、開口率が大であれば、風上側の吹き溜まり抑制効果はあるが、風下側にも雪積層を生ずる。 Further, the fence used in the present invention has a width a1 of the opening Wa of the fence 3 of 45 to 55 mm, and the openings Wa and Wb with respect to the entire area in a state where the fence 3 is erected on the roof top surface PT. The total area is preferably 45 to 65%.
In this case, the total area of the fence is the height h30 (standard: 420 mm) from the lower end of the fence support bracket 5, that is, the height from the upper surface PT of the roof outer edge to the upper edge of the upper end crosspiece 3U.
Further, if the width a1 of the vertically long opening (opening window) Wa is increased, there is a risk that the snow layer is coupled with the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3 to cause the overhanging snow layer to grow. If this is the case, the effect of preventing snowfall (overhanging snow layer) will be great, but snow will increase on the windward side of the fence 3.
In addition, wet snow is larger in snowfall on the fence 3 than snowfall, and snow layer coupling is likely to occur.
Moreover, if the aperture ratio is large, there is an effect of suppressing accumulation on the leeward side, but snow is also accumulated on the leeward side.

従って、柵３の、雪吹抜け孔として機能し、雪層張出しを生ずる開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１が４５〜５５mmであり、且つ柵３の開口率を４５〜６５％としたため、柵３が降雪の吹き溜まりを生起するダム機能は、通常の風（平均：４ｍ／sec）を伴なう降雪時では、湿雪、乾雪を問わず、開口部の存在しない壁フェンスの場合より大幅に抑制出来、風上側の吹き溜まりを抑制しつつ、風下側での堆雪も実用可能範囲内に抑制出来る。
そして、柵３からの張出し雪層は、例え成長しても、危険な雪庇とならない幅に抑制出来る。 Accordingly, since the width a1 of the opening Wa that functions as a snow blow-through hole of the fence 3 and causes the snow layer to overhang is 45 to 55 mm, and the opening ratio of the fence 3 is 45 to 65%, the fence 3 is snowed. The dam function that causes the accumulation of puddles can be significantly suppressed during snowfall with normal wind (average: 4 m / sec), regardless of whether it is wet snow or dry snow. While suppressing the accumulation on the leeward side, snow accumulation on the leeward side can also be suppressed within a practical range.
And even if the overhanging snow layer from the fence 3 grows, it can be suppressed to a width that does not become a dangerous snowfall.

即ち、本発明の雪庇防止構造は、風上側での、吹き溜まりによる雪の堆積量が抑制出来ると共に、柵３の開口部Ｗａから張出して発生する雪庇と、屋上積雪との雪の結合面積も減らし、且つ柵の風下側の雪の吹き溜まり層も抑制出来、柵３の外側での、落下すれば人身事故を来たすような、危険な雪庇の形成・成長は抑制出来る。
しかも、柵３の全体形状は、開口率（４５〜６５％）が高いため、建築上は、柵３は軒高の算定に入ることなく、従来例１や２の如く、壁と見做されることがなく、建物の設計に制約を及ぼすことはない。 In other words, the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can suppress the amount of snow accumulation due to the accumulation of snow on the windward side, and also reduces the area of snow coupling between the snow slab generated from the opening Wa of the fence 3 and the rooftop snow. In addition, the snowdrift layer on the lee side of the fence can also be suppressed, and the formation and growth of dangerous snow canopies on the outside of the fence 3, such as causing a personal injury if dropped, can be suppressed.
Moreover, because the overall shape of the fence 3 has a high opening ratio (45 to 65%), the fence 3 is regarded as a wall as in the conventional examples 1 and 2 without entering the eave height calculation. There is no restriction on the design of the building.

また、本発明の雪庇防止構造に採用する支持金具５は、図５に示す如く、前面の立上り板５Ａと、固定用の底板５Ｂと、両側の傾斜側板５Ｓとを備え、立上り板５Ａが、上端に横上辺５Ｕを、下端に横下辺５Ｄを、両側に縦仕切５Ｐを備えて、中央部には、柵３の開口部Ｗａと整合する縦長開口部Ｗａを形成したものであるのが好ましい。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the support metal fitting 5 employed in the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention includes a front rising plate 5A, a fixing bottom plate 5B, and inclined side plates 5S on both sides, and the rising plate 5A includes: It is preferable that a horizontal upper side 5U is provided at the upper end, a horizontal lower side 5D is provided at the lower end, a vertical partition 5P is provided on both sides, and a vertically long opening Wa that is aligned with the opening Wa of the fence 3 is formed at the center. .

この場合、支持金具５の各板材５Ａ，５Ｂ，５Ｓは、一般肉厚５mmのアルミ合金板で形成すれば良い。
また、支持金具５は、柵３に付設しても、柵３の重要機能、即ち開口部Ｗａによる雪の吹飛ばし機能、及び雪層の、柵３の前後での縦桟材３Ｐによる雪の結合阻止機能（仕切機能）を阻害しないようにすべきであり、典型的には、縦長開口部Ｗａが幅５０mm、高さ（長さ）ｈｗが３１０mmで、柵３の開口部Ｗａと、同寸、同形状であり、縦仕切５Ｐの幅ＷＰは、縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２と同一の１５mmである。
また、傾斜側板５Ｓは、ブレース（斜材）機能の観点から決定すれば良く、典型的には、高さ３９０mm、底辺長（Ｌ５）２００mmで、高さ：底辺長は、略２：１であり、底面長さＬ５を抑えてブレース機能を発揮するものである。 In this case, the plate members 5A, 5B, 5S of the support metal fitting 5 may be formed of an aluminum alloy plate having a general thickness of 5 mm.
Further, even if the support bracket 5 is attached to the fence 3, the important function of the fence 3, that is, the function of blowing snow by the opening Wa, and the snow layer by the vertical crosspiece 3 </ b> P before and after the fence 3 The binding prevention function (partition function) should not be hindered. Typically, the vertically long opening Wa has a width of 50 mm and a height (length) hw of 310 mm, which is the same as the opening Wa of the fence 3. The width WP of the vertical partition 5P is 15 mm, which is the same as the width a2 of the vertical beam 3P.
Further, the inclined side plate 5S may be determined from the viewpoint of the brace function, and typically has a height of 390 mm and a base length (L5) of 200 mm, and the height: base length is approximately 2: 1. Yes, the bottom length L5 is suppressed and the brace function is exhibited.

従って、支持金具５は、底板５Ｂを介した屋上外縁部Ｐ（パラペット）のコンクリートへの、ボルト５Ｎによる強固な固定が可能であり、立上り板５Ａと両側の傾斜側板５Ｓ及び底板５Ｂの一体化構造によって剛構造体となり、傾斜側板５Ｓがブレース機能を奏して柵３を強固に支持する。
しかも立上り板５Ａの、縦長開口部Ｗａが、柵３の開口部Ｗａと同寸同形状であり、縦仕切５Ｐが柵の縦桟材３Ｐと同幅で縦桟材３Ｐに重合形態で柵３を固定支持するため、支持金具５の付設によって柵３の雪庇防止機能を低減させることがない。 Accordingly, the support bracket 5 can be firmly fixed to the concrete of the roof outer edge portion P (parapet) via the bottom plate 5B by the bolt 5N, and the rising plate 5A, the inclined side plates 5S and the bottom plate 5B on both sides are integrated. The structure becomes a rigid structure, and the inclined side plate 5S plays a brace function and firmly supports the fence 3.
In addition, the vertically long opening Wa of the rising plate 5A has the same shape and shape as the opening Wa of the fence 3, and the vertical partition 5P has the same width as the vertical beam 3P of the fence and is overlapped with the vertical beam 3P in a superposed form. Therefore, the attachment of the support bracket 5 does not reduce the snowfall prevention function of the fence 3.

そして、該支持金具５を採用すれば、必要に応じて、図６（Ｂ）に示す如く、高さｈ６（標準：６００mm）が柵３の高さｈ３０（標準：４２０mm）より高い角筒のポール６（標準高さｈ６：６００mm）を、図１の如く、支持金具５内に立設して、支持金具５の両側板５Ｓとねじ６Ｎで固定し、各ポール上端の丸環６Ｆ間にロープを張れば、予想外の多量の降雪があった場合に、柵３より高いポールが建物の外縁の目印となり、墜落事故防止となる。
尚、この場合、角筒のポールには空気孔Ｈ６を適切に配置し、支持金具５の開口部Ｗａが、空気吹き抜け機能を喪失しないようにすべきである。 If the support metal fitting 5 is adopted, a rectangular tube having a height h6 (standard: 600 mm) higher than the height h30 (standard: 420 mm) of the fence 3 is provided as shown in FIG. 6B. As shown in FIG. 1, the pole 6 (standard height h6: 600 mm) is erected in the support bracket 5 and fixed with both side plates 5S of the support bracket 5 and screws 6N. If the rope is stretched, a pole higher than the fence 3 becomes a mark of the outer edge of the building when there is an unexpectedly large amount of snowfall, preventing a crash.
In this case, the air hole H6 should be appropriately disposed in the rectangular tube pole so that the opening Wa of the support fitting 5 does not lose the air blow-out function.

また、支持金具５は、図２に示す如く、立上り板５Ａの横上辺５Ｕを上端横桟材３Ｕの係合溝３Ｇに嵌入し、両側の縦仕切５Ｐを柵３の縦桟材３Ｐに整合当接して、横上辺５Ｕのねじ孔Ｈ３及び横下辺５Ｄのねじ孔Ｈ３を介して柵３と止着保持するのが好ましい。
この場合、立上り板５Ａの柵３への付設螺着は、支持金具５の縦仕切５Ｐを重合する縦桟材３Ｐの上下のねじ３Ｎを取外して、縦桟材３Ｐと縦仕切５Ｐを重ねて、再度、縦桟材３Ｐと縦仕切５Ｐとを、上端横桟材３Ｕ及び下端横桟材３Ｄと、ねじ３Ｎで積層締着すれば良い。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the support metal fitting 5 has the horizontal upper side 5U of the rising plate 5A fitted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper end horizontal beam 3U, and the vertical partitions 5P on both sides are aligned with the vertical beam 3P of the fence 3. It is preferable that the abutment and the fence 3 are fixed and held through the screw hole H3 on the horizontal upper side 5U and the screw hole H3 on the horizontal lower side 5D.
In this case, the attachment of the rising plate 5A to the fence 3 is performed by removing the upper and lower screws 3N of the vertical beam 3P that overlaps the vertical partition 5P of the support metal 5 and overlapping the vertical beam 3P and the vertical partition 5P. The vertical crosspiece 3P and the vertical partition 5P may be laminated and fastened with the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D, and the screws 3N again.

従って、所定の柵３を予め準備しておき、柵の立設の必要な時に、予め準備した支持金具５で簡便に柵３の立設配置が可能となり、柵の保守、管理も容易となる
そして、一定の中心間間隔ａ３（標準：４５５mm）で配置する支持金具５の配置部では、支持金具の立上り板５Ａが柵３の縦桟材３Ｐへの積層ねじ締着となるため、十分な強度を発揮し、柵３の重要機能を奏する、雪吹抜け用の縦長の開口部Ｗａ、及び雪層の結合を遮断する雪仕切用縦桟材３Ｐの機能に支障を生ずること無く、柵３が簡便に立設固定出来る。 Therefore, when the predetermined fence 3 is prepared in advance and the fence needs to be erected, the fence 3 can be easily erected and arranged with the support bracket 5 prepared in advance, and maintenance and management of the fence are also facilitated. And in the arrangement | positioning part of the support metal fitting 5 arrange | positioned by fixed center space | interval a3 (standard: 455 mm), since the rising board 5A of a support metal fitting serves as the lamination | stacking screw fastening to the vertical crosspiece 3P of the fence 3, it is enough. Without affecting the function of the vertical opening Wa for snow blow-off, which exerts the strength and plays an important function of the fence 3, and the vertical partition material 3P for snow partition that blocks the coupling of the snow layer, the fence 3 It can be set up and fixed easily.

また、支持金具５は、図５に示す如く、両側板５Ｓ底辺に前後の溝５Ｇを形成し、底板５Ｂでは、溝５Ｇ対応部を段差上辺５Ｅとし、段差上辺５Ｅに配置したボルト挿入用孔Ｈ５を介して外縁上面ＰＴにボルト締着するのが好ましい。
この場合、前後の段差上辺５Ｅ自体は、前後幅３０mm、高さ５mmであって、前後段差上辺５Ｅ間の中心間距離９０mmであり、先端側、即ち屋上内側の段差５Ｅは、底板前端から３０mm位置に配置すれば良い。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the support fitting 5 has front and rear grooves 5G formed on the bottom sides of both side plates 5S. In the bottom plate 5B, the groove 5G-corresponding portion is the step upper side 5E, and the bolt insertion holes are arranged on the step upper side 5E. It is preferable to bolt the outer edge upper surface PT via H5.
In this case, the front and rear step upper sides 5E themselves have a front and rear width of 30 mm and a height of 5 mm, and a center-to-center distance of 90 mm between the front and rear step upper sides 5E. What is necessary is just to arrange | position to a position.

従って、支持金具５は、慣用の屋上防水層７Ａを備えた屋上外縁上面ＰＴへの底板５Ｂによる固定となるが、側板５Ｓの下端縁には前後の溝５Ｇが、底板５Ｂの溝５Ｇ対応部には段差上辺５Ｅが存在するため、支持金具５の防水層７Ａ上面への全面当接は避けられて、屋上外縁上面ＰＴ、即ち防水層７Ａ上面に不陸が存在していても、支持金具底板５Ｂは不陸を吸収して着座出来、ボルト締着も段差上辺５Ｅからの弾性変位を伴なった強固な締着固定となる。
しかも、屋上外縁上面ＰＴ上の防水層７Ａの損傷も少なく実施出来る。
尚、支持金具の一方の側板５Ｓの下端に、図５（Ｃ）に示す如く、水抜き孔５Ｗを配置しておけば、支持金具５内の水抜きが出来る。 Therefore, the support metal fitting 5 is fixed to the roof top outer edge upper surface PT provided with the conventional roof waterproof layer 7A by the bottom plate 5B, but the front and rear grooves 5G are provided at the lower edge of the side plate 5S, and the groove 5G corresponding to the bottom plate 5B. Since there is a step upper side 5E, the full contact of the support metal 5 with the upper surface of the waterproof layer 7A is avoided, and even if there is unevenness on the roof outer edge upper surface PT, ie, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 7A, the support metal The bottom plate 5B can be seated by absorbing unevenness, and the bolt tightening is also firmly fastened with elastic displacement from the step upper side 5E.
Moreover, the waterproof layer 7A on the roof outer edge upper surface PT can be hardly damaged.
In addition, if the drain hole 5W is arrange | positioned in the lower end of one side plate 5S of a support metal fitting as shown in FIG.5 (C), the water in the support metal fitting 5 can be drained.

また、本発明の柵３は、縦長の開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１が４５〜５５mmであって、縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２が１０〜２０mmであり、下方の開口部Ｗｂの高さｈ２を２５〜３５mmで立設するのが好ましい。
この場合、柵３の縦長の開口部Ｗａ、及び柵３下方の横方向に延展した開口部Ｗｂは、共に強風（平均：４ｍ／sec）を伴なった雪が吹き抜け、柵３の風上での雪溜まりを抑制するものであるが、下方の開口部Ｗｂは、柵３の風上側の雪層と風下側の雪層とを結合する形態であるため、危険な厚い積層張出しは抑制する必要がある。
また、柵３の縦長の開口部Ｗａは、開口部幅ａ１で、風上側の雪層と風下側の雪層とを結合する形態であるため、柵３からの広幅の積雪張出しを抑制する必要がある。 Further, in the fence 3 of the present invention, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa is 45 to 55 mm, the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P is 10 to 20 mm, and the height h2 of the lower opening Wb is 25. It is preferable to stand up to 35 mm.
In this case, both the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3 and the opening Wb extending in the lateral direction below the fence 3 are blown by snow accompanied by a strong wind (average: 4 m / sec). Although it suppresses the snow accumulation, the lower opening Wb is a form in which the snow layer on the windward side of the fence 3 and the snow layer on the leeward side are combined, so it is necessary to suppress dangerous thick laminated overhanging. is there.
Moreover, since the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3 has an opening width a1 and is configured to connect the snow layer on the windward side and the snow layer on the leeward side, it is necessary to suppress a wide snow cover from the fence 3. There is.

従って、下方開口部Ｗｂは、横方向に各支持金具５間に亘って柵３の前後を連通してはいるが、高さｈｂが２５〜３５mmであるため、風を伴なった降雪の初期段階では、雪を外方に吹き飛ばして柵３の内側（風上側）の雪溜まりの形成を抑制し、例え、下方開口部Ｗｂから雪層が柵外へ張出しても、開口部Ｗｂの高さｈｂで抑制された薄い積雪層であるため、危険な雪庇の形成とならない。
また、雪が堆積して柵３の縦長の開口部Ｗａから、例え雪層が張出しても、張出し雪層は開口部Ｗａの幅の規制の下での張出しであり、各張出し雪層は、幅１０〜２０mmの縦桟材３Ｐで分割された形態であるため、危険な雪庇の形成・成長とならない。 Accordingly, the lower opening Wb communicates between the support brackets 5 in the lateral direction between the front and rear of the fence 3, but since the height hb is 25 to 35 mm, the initial stage of snowfall accompanied by wind In the stage, the snow is blown outward to suppress the formation of a snow pool inside the fence 3 (windward side). For example, even if the snow layer protrudes from the lower opening Wb to the outside of the fence, the height of the opening Wb Since it is a thin snow layer suppressed by hb, it does not result in the formation of a dangerous snowfall.
Further, even if snow accumulates and a snow layer overhangs from the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3, the overhang snow layer is overhang under the restriction of the width of the opening Wa, and each overhang snow layer has a width Since it is a form divided by 10-20 mm vertical crosspieces 3P, it does not form or grow a dangerous snowfall.

そして、下方の横長の開口部Ｗｂ、及び上方の縦長の開口部Ｗａからの積雪の張出しは、下方開口部Ｗｂ上面を規定する幅Ｗｄ（標準：３０mm）の下端横桟材３Ｄ、及び縦長開口部Ｗａ間の幅ａ２（標準：１５mm）の定間隔並列の縦桟材３Ｐが、柵３の内側（風上側）の雪溜まりと柵３の外側（軒先側）の張出し雪との結合を遮断しているため、柵３の外側への張出し雪の危険な雪庇への成長は抑制される。
尚、縦長開口部Ｗａの幅ａ１、横長開口部Ｗｂの高さｈｂ及び縦桟材３Ｐの幅ａ２は、柵設置地域に応じて、即ち、降雪量、風の影響、雪質を総合勘案して、適宜規定範囲内で選択決定すれば良く、本発明は、日本の多雪地方での有効な雪庇防止技術を提供する。 Further, the overhang of snow from the lower horizontal opening Wb and the upper vertical opening Wa is caused by a lower end horizontal beam 3D having a width Wd (standard: 30 mm) defining the upper surface of the lower opening Wb, and a vertical opening. The vertical crosspieces 3P arranged in parallel at regular intervals with a width a2 (standard: 15 mm) between the portions Wa block the connection between the snow pool inside the fence 3 (windward side) and the overhanging snow outside the fence 3 (eave side). Therefore, the growth of the overhanging snow to the outside of the fence 3 into a dangerous snow ridge is suppressed.
In addition, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa, the height hb of the horizontally long opening Wb, and the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P depend on the area where the fence is installed, that is, considering the amount of snowfall, the influence of wind, and the snow quality. Thus, the present invention provides an effective technique for preventing snowfall in the heavy snow region of Japan.

また、本発明は、図１に示す如く、建物の外壁Ｗが通気性外断熱複合パネル９を備え、前面の立下り板２Ｆと、天端水平板２Ｔと、天端水平板２Ｔから立下り辺２Ｐを介して後方に延出した下段水平板２Ｂとを備えた笠木２を、複合パネル９のセメント板９Ａ上端に止着した固定金具４での前端係止と、下段水平板２Ｂの屋上外縁上面ＰＴへのボルト２Ｎによる固定との、前後２点支持で配置し、柵３に取付けた支持金具５の底板５Ｂを、笠木２の下段水平板２Ｂ上から外縁上面ＰＴの防水層７Ａに亘って着座固定するのが好ましい。   Further, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall W of the building is provided with a breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9, and the front falling plate 2F, the top horizontal plate 2T, and the top horizontal plate 2T fall down. The headboard 2 having the lower horizontal plate 2B extending rearward via the side 2P is locked to the front end with the fixing bracket 4 fixed to the upper end of the cement plate 9A of the composite panel 9, and the roof of the lower horizontal plate 2B The bottom plate 5B of the support metal fitting 5 which is arranged at two front and rear support points and fixed to the outer edge upper surface PT with the bolt 2N is attached to the waterproof layer 7A on the outer edge upper surface PT from the lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2. It is preferable to be seated and fixed.

この場合、通気性外断熱複合パネル９は、笠木２の前端を係止する固定金具４が止着出来る通気性複合パネルであれば良く、典型的には、図３に示す如く、縦方向の通気用条溝ａｒ群を内面に備えたセメント板（外装下地材）９Ａと発泡プラスチック断熱層９Ｂとを層着した複合パネルである。
また、笠木２は、本出願人が出願（特願２００２−２４６３８２）し、特許（特許第３７２７０５４号）された、図４の笠木を採用すれば良く、また、固定金具４は、複合パネルのセメント板９Ａ上に固定して、笠木２を、複合パネル９の通気用条溝ａｒからの外方への排気を担保して係止出来れば良く、典型的には、図４（Ｃ）に示す如く、下段水平片４Ｂと垂直片４Ｆと上段水平片４Ｔから成り、下段水平片４Ｂには、セメント板上端とねじ固定するためのねじ孔Ｈ４を備えた小片の金具である。 In this case, the breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9 may be a breathable composite panel that can fix the fixing bracket 4 that locks the front end of the headboard 2. Typically, as shown in FIG. This is a composite panel in which a cement plate (exterior base material) 9A having a ventilation groove ar group on its inner surface and a foamed plastic heat insulating layer 9B are layered.
In addition, the caps 2 may be the ones shown in FIG. 4 filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-246382) and patented (Japanese Patent No. 3727054). It is sufficient that the headboard 2 is fixed on the cement board 9A and can be locked while securing the exhaust from the ventilation groove ar of the composite panel 9 to the outside. Typically, as shown in FIG. As shown, the lower horizontal piece 4B is composed of a lower horizontal piece 4B, a vertical piece 4F, and an upper horizontal piece 4T, and the lower horizontal piece 4B is a small piece metal fitting having a screw hole H4 for screw fixing to the upper end of the cement plate.

従って、笠木２は、屋上外縁上面ＰＴが、パラペットＰでも、平坦な陸屋根でも、下段水平板２Ｂがコンクリート上面に載置出来れば、取付け可能であり、しかも前後の２点支持となるため、例え強風に煽られても、浮揚、変形、損傷を生じない強固な配置が可能となり、セメント板（外装下地材）を備えた、通気性外断熱複合パネルを張着した外断熱建物への適用が可能であり、本発明の雪庇防止構造は、該笠木２を備えた建物に好適に実施出来る。   Therefore, the headboard 2 can be attached to the roof outer edge top surface PT, even if it is a parapet P or a flat flat roof, as long as the lower horizontal plate 2B can be placed on the concrete top surface. Even if it is blown by strong winds, it can be placed firmly without causing levitation, deformation, or damage, and it can be applied to external insulation buildings with a cemented board (exterior base material) and a breathable external insulation composite panel. It is possible, and the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can be preferably implemented in a building having the headboard 2.

そして、柵３の立設固定は、笠木２の下段水平板２Ｂ上に載置した形態の固定となるため、笠木２に対する柵３の配置部位が自在となり、笠木２を配置した外断熱建物の、例えば屋上、風下側等、雪庇の生じ易い、屋上外縁上面ＰＴ上のみに雪庇防止柵３を立設しても、建物全周の、笠木２の外観の同一性が保てる。
そのため、本発明の雪庇防止構造は、現在普及しつつある、特許第３７２７０５４号の笠木を適用した外断熱建築物全てに適用出来、省エネルギー性に優れた外断熱建物に、簡単な施工による柵３の付設によって雪庇が防止出来るため、降雪地方での外断熱建物の普及に貢献出来る。 And since the standing and fixing of the fence 3 is fixed in the form of being placed on the lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2, the arrangement part of the fence 3 with respect to the headboard 2 can be freely arranged, and the outside heat insulation building in which the headboard 2 is arranged Even if the snow fence prevention fence 3 is erected only on the top surface PT of the roof outer edge, where the snow fence easily occurs, for example, on the rooftop or leeward side, the same appearance of the headboard 2 can be maintained around the entire building.
Therefore, the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can be applied to all the heat insulating buildings to which the cap of Japanese Patent No. 3727054 is applied, and the fence 3 by simple construction can be applied to the heat insulating building excellent in energy saving. Since it can prevent snow traps, it can contribute to the spread of external insulation buildings in snowfall areas.

本発明の雪庇防止構造は、柵３が縦長の開口部Ｗａを備えているため、雪の吹き抜けを許容して、柵３の風上側及び風下側、即ち屋上側及び軒先側の、雪の吹き溜まりを抑制すると共に、各開口部Ｗａ間の縦桟材３Ｐが屋上の積雪層と柵３の外方の雪の張出し部との結合を雪切り遮断するため、軒先での雪庇の形成が抑制出来、雪庇の成長も抑制出来る。   Since the fence 3 is provided with the vertically long opening Wa, the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention allows snow to blow through, and the snow puddle on the windward side and leeward side of the fence 3, that is, the roof side and the eaves side. And the vertical crosspiece 3P between the openings Wa blocks the connection between the snow layer on the roof and the overhanging portion of the snow on the outside of the fence 3 so that the formation of snow ridges at the eaves can be suppressed. , Can also suppress the growth of snow leopard.

そして、軒先に、例え雪庇が生じても、雪仕切板としての縦桟材３Ｐの幅（標準：１５mm）で分割された開口部Ｗａの幅（標準：５０mm）での、各細幅の張出し雪層からの雪庇に過ぎなく、落下の衝撃の大きな、危険な雪庇の形成、及び成長は抑制出来る。   And even if a snowfall occurs at the eaves, each narrow overhang with the width of the opening Wa (standard: 50 mm) divided by the width of the vertical crosspiece 3P (standard: 15 mm) as a snow partition plate The formation and growth of a dangerous snowfall, which is just a snowfall from the snow layer and has a large impact of falling, can be suppressed.

また、柵は、上端横桟材３Ｕ、下端横桟材３Ｄ及び縦桟材３Ｐの組立て構造であるため、製作容易であり、柵３の立設も、支持金具５を柵３に取付け、該支持金具５を屋上外縁上面ＰＴにボルト等で固定するだけであるため、雪庇防止構造は、建物の新築時での構築も、既設建物への構築も可能である。
そして、上端横桟材３Ｕ、下端横桟材３Ｄ、及び縦桟材３Ｐは、板材であるため、製作及び準備が容易であり、各桟材相互のねじ３Ｎによる組立ても、各板材の面当接でのねじ締着であるため、作業も容易であり、上端横桟材３Ｕの、係合溝３Ｇは縦桟材３Ｐの組付け作業を容易とすると共に、支持金具５の嵌入部を提供し、上辺３Ｔ及び立下り片３Ｆが柵３の上面の補強部を提供すると共に、意匠効果も発揮する。
そのため、製作容易な板材製の柵でありながら、雪庇防止に必要な開口部Ｗａ（標準幅ａ１：５０mm）を備えた、デザイン性に富む雪庇防止柵が得られる。 Moreover, since the fence is an assembly structure of the upper-end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the lower-end horizontal crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P, it is easy to manufacture. Since the support metal fitting 5 is simply fixed to the roof outer edge upper surface PT with a bolt or the like, the snowfall prevention structure can be constructed at the time of new construction of a building or can be constructed into an existing building.
Since the upper end crosspiece 3U, the lower end crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P are plate members, they are easy to manufacture and prepare, and even when assembled with the screws 3N between the crosspieces, Since it is screw tightening in contact, the work is easy, and the engaging groove 3G of the upper side crosspiece 3U facilitates the work of assembling the vertical crosspiece 3P, and also provides a fitting portion for the support fitting 5. And while the upper side 3T and the falling piece 3F provide the reinforcement part of the upper surface of the fence 3, the design effect is also exhibited .
Therefore, although it is a fence made of a plate material that can be easily manufactured, a snow fence prevention fence having a good design and having an opening Wa (standard width a1: 50 mm) necessary for preventing snowfall is obtained .

従って、本発明の雪庇防止構造は、多雪地方での実用性の高い、雪庇防止手段を提供する。
しかも、雪庇防止用の柵３は、細幅（標準：１５mm）の縦桟材３Ｐ群間に、比較的広幅（標準：５０mm）の縦長開口部Ｗａ群を備えて開口率が高い（標準：５５％）ため、建築設計上は階高に算定されず、雪庇防止柵３の施工設計が自由であるため、有効な雪庇防止手段としての普及が期待出来る。 Therefore, the snowfall prevention structure of the present invention provides a snowfall prevention means that is highly practical in the snowy region.
In addition, the fence 3 for preventing snow leopards has a relatively wide (standard: 50 mm) vertically long opening Wa group between the narrow (standard: 15 mm) vertical beam members 3P group (standard: high). 55%), the floor design is not calculated as a floor height, and the construction design of the snowfall prevention fence 3 is free, so that it can be expected to spread as an effective means for preventing snowfall.

〔柵３（図２、図６）〕
柵３は、上端横桟材３Ｕと下端横桟材３Ｄとを多数の縦桟材３Ｐの並列接続で形成するものであって、上端横桟材３Ｕ、下端横桟材３Ｄ及び縦桟材３Ｐは、共に一般肉厚が５mm厚のアルミ合金押出成形品である。
図６（Ａ）に示す如く、上端横桟材３Ｕは、断面形状が幅（Ｗｖ）３０mmの垂直横板３Ｖ、幅（ｗｔ）２０．５mmの上辺３Ｔ、幅（Ｗｆ）１２mmの立下り片３Ｆから成り、上辺３Ｔ下部に係合溝３Ｇを備えた長尺（標準：３０００mm）板製品であり、下端横桟材３Ｄは、幅（Ｗｄ）が３０mmの長尺（標準：３０００mm）板製品であり、縦桟材３Ｐは、幅（ａ２）が１５mm、長さ（高さ）ｈｐが３６．５mmの板製品である。 [Fence 3 (FIGS. 2 and 6)]
The fence 3 is formed by connecting an upper end horizontal beam member 3U and a lower end horizontal beam member 3D in parallel with a number of vertical beam members 3P. The upper edge horizontal beam member 3U, the lower end horizontal beam member 3D and the vertical beam member 3P are formed. Are both aluminum alloy extruded products having a general thickness of 5 mm.
As shown in FIG. 6 (A), the upper crosspiece 3U has a vertical horizontal plate 3V having a cross-sectional width (Wv) of 30 mm, an upper side 3T having a width (wt) of 20.5 mm, and a falling piece having a width (Wf) of 12 mm. 3F, long (standard: 3000mm) plate product with engagement groove 3G at the bottom of the upper side 3T, and the bottom plate 3D is a long (standard: 3000mm) plate product with a width (Wd) of 30mm The vertical beam 3P is a plate product having a width (a2) of 15 mm and a length (height) hp of 36.5 mm.

また、上端横桟材３Ｕの垂直横板３Ｖには、下辺から１０mm上方位置にねじ孔Ｈ３を６５mm間隔で穿孔し、下端横桟材３Ｄには、幅中央にねじ孔Ｈ３を６５mm間隔で穿孔し、縦桟材３Ｐには、幅中央で、下端から１５mm上方位置と、上端から１５mm位置、即ち、縦桟材３Ｐを上端横桟材３Ｕの係合溝３Ｇに嵌入した際に、上端横桟材のねじ孔Ｈ３と整合する位置、とに、ねじ孔Ｈ３を穿設する。   Further, the vertical horizontal plate 3V of the upper end crosspiece 3U is drilled with a screw hole H3 at a distance of 10 mm above the lower side at a 65 mm interval, and the lower end crosspiece 3D is drilled with a screw hole H3 at a center of the width at an interval of 65 mm. The vertical beam member 3P is located at a position 15 mm above the lower end and 15 mm from the upper end, that is, when the vertical beam member 3P is inserted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper edge horizontal member 3U. The screw hole H3 is drilled at a position where it is aligned with the screw hole H3 of the crosspiece.

そして、図２に示す如く、幅ａ２（１５mm）の縦桟材３Ｐを、５０mm（ａ１）のスペースを保って、上端を上端横桟材の係合溝３Ｇに嵌合して、相互のねじ孔Ｈ３を介してねじ３Ｎで固定し、下端を横桟材３Ｄに相互のねじ孔Ｈ３を介してねじ３Ｎで固定する。
従って、上端横桟材３Ｕ、下端横桟材３Ｄ、縦桟材３Ｐ相互がねじ３Ｎで固定一体化した、高さｈ３が３７０mm、長さが３０００mmで、１５mm幅（ａ２）の各縦桟材３Ｐ間に、幅（ａ１）が５０mm、高さｈｗが３１０mmの縦長の開口部Ｗａを備えた柵３が準備出来る。 Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a vertical beam member 3P having a width of a2 (15 mm) is fitted into an engagement groove 3G of the upper edge horizontal beam member with a space of 50 mm (a1), and a mutual screw is provided. It fixes with the screw 3N through the hole H3, and fixes a lower end to the crosspiece 3D with the screw 3N through the mutual screw hole H3.
Accordingly, each of the vertical beam members 3U, the lower edge horizontal beam material 3D, and the vertical beam material 3P are fixed and integrated with each other with the screw 3N, the height h3 is 370 mm, the length is 3000 mm, and the width is 15 mm (a2). Between 3P, the fence 3 provided with the vertically long opening Wa having a width (a1) of 50 mm and a height hw of 310 mm can be prepared.

〔支持金具５（図５）〕
図５（Ａ）は支持金具５の全体斜視図、図５（Ｂ）は、（Ａ）の矢印Ｂ視正面図、図５（Ｃ）は縦断面図、図５（Ｄ）は上面図である。
支持金具５は一般肉厚５mmのアルミ合金成形品であり、全体形状は、高さｈ５が４１０mm、幅Ｗ５が８０mm、前後長さＬ５が２００mmである。
そして、幅Ｗ５（８０mm）、高さｈ５（４１０mm）の立上り板５Ａに、長さＬ５（２００mm）の底板５Ｂが、同幅（８０mm）のアングル板として延出し、立上り板５Ａは、図５（Ｂ）に示す如く、両側に、柵の縦桟材３Ｐと同幅（１５mm）の、縦仕切５Ｐと、柵３の開口部Ｗａと同一形状の、幅５０mm、高さ３９０mmの開口部Ｗａを備え、上端に横上辺５Ｕを、下端に横下辺５Ｄを備え、横上辺５Ｕ及び横下辺５Ｄには、柵３の上端横桟材３Ｕ及び下端横桟材３Ｄのねじ孔Ｈ３対応位置に、ねじ孔Ｈ３を備えている。 [Support bracket 5 (Fig. 5)]
5A is an overall perspective view of the support fitting 5, FIG. 5B is a front view as viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5A, FIG. 5C is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 5D is a top view. is there.
The support metal fitting 5 is an aluminum alloy molded product having a general wall thickness of 5 mm, and the overall shape is a height h5 of 410 mm, a width W5 of 80 mm, and a longitudinal length L5 of 200 mm.
A bottom plate 5B having a length L5 (200 mm) extends as an angle plate having the same width (80 mm) to a rising plate 5A having a width W5 (80 mm) and a height h5 (410 mm). As shown in (B), the opening Wa having a width of 50 mm and a height of 390 mm, having the same shape as the vertical partition 5P and the opening Wa of the fence 3, on the both sides of the same width (15 mm) as the vertical rail member 3P of the fence. With the upper horizontal side 5U at the upper end, the lower horizontal side 5D at the lower end, and the upper horizontal side 5U and the lower horizontal side 5D at the positions corresponding to the screw holes H3 of the upper horizontal member 3U and the lower horizontal member 3D of the fence 3, A screw hole H3 is provided.

また、立上り板５Ａと底板５Ｂとを、立上り板５Ａの横上辺下端位置から底板５Ｂ先端に亘って接続補強する傾斜側板５Ｓを両側に備え、底板５Ｂは両側傾斜側板５Ｓに亘って前後幅３０mm、高さ５mmの段差上辺５Ｅをスペース６０mm保って、前後２個を前側、即ち底板５Ｂの延出先端側の段差上辺５Ｅが先端から３０mmの位置で配置し、両側板５Ｓの段差上辺対応部は溝５Ｇとし、段差上辺５Ｅには横長のボルト挿入用孔Ｈ５を配置している。
また、図５（Ｃ）に示す如く、一方の傾斜側板の下部の、立上り板５Ａと後側段差上辺５Ｅとの間、及び後側段差上辺５Ｅと前側段差上辺５Ｅとの間には、半円形の水抜き孔５Ｗを穿設し、両側板５Ｓの、立上り板５Ａ近傍の下部、及び中間部には、各１対のボルト孔Ｈｂを配置しておく。 In addition, an inclined side plate 5S for connecting and reinforcing the rising plate 5A and the bottom plate 5B from the lower end of the lateral upper side of the rising plate 5A to the tip of the bottom plate 5B is provided on both sides, and the bottom plate 5B has a front-rear width of 30 mm across the inclined side plates 5S. The upper side 5E of the step with a height of 5 mm is maintained at 60 mm, the two front and rear sides are arranged at the front side, that is, the upper side of the step 5E on the extending tip side of the bottom plate 5B is 30 mm from the tip. Is a groove 5G, and a horizontally long bolt insertion hole H5 is arranged on the upper side 5E of the step.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), there is a halfway between the rising plate 5A and the rear step upper side 5E and between the rear step upper side 5E and the front step upper side 5E at the lower part of one inclined side plate. A circular drain hole 5W is formed, and a pair of bolt holes Hb are arranged in the lower part and the middle part of the both side plates 5S near the rising plate 5A.

〔複合パネル９（図３）〕
複合パネル９は、本出願人が提案した特開２００７−１４３６９０号（特許第４０５３５６１号）のパネルを採用する。
図３（Ａ）は複合パネル９の斜視図であって、複合パネル９は、外装下地材としてのセメント板９Ａが内面に多数の通気用条溝ａｒを平行縦設し、発泡プラスチックの断熱層９Ｂに、セメント板９Ａを、通気用条溝ａｒが潰れないように層着一体化した通気性外断熱複合パネルである。
従って、該通気性外断熱複合パネル９を、外壁コンクリートの外型枠として外壁Ｗを形成すれば、外壁Ｗは、下端の水切から上端の笠木まで、ドラフト空気流の貫流する外断熱コンクリート壁Ｗとなる。 [Composite panel 9 (Fig. 3)]
The composite panel 9 employs a panel disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-143690 (Patent No. 4053561) proposed by the present applicant.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the composite panel 9. The composite panel 9 has a cement plate 9A as an exterior base material provided with a large number of ventilation grooves ar on the inner surface in parallel, and a heat insulating layer of foamed plastic. 9B is a breathable outer heat insulating composite panel in which the cement plate 9A is layered and integrated so that the ventilation groove ar is not crushed.
Therefore, if the outer wall W is formed by using the breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9 as an outer mold frame of the outer wall concrete, the outer wall W is an outer heat insulating concrete wall W through which draft airflow flows from the drainage at the lower end to the headboard at the upper end. It becomes.

〔笠木２（図４）〕
笠木２は、本出願人が特願２００２−２４６３８２号として提案した、特許第３７２７０５４号の笠木を採用する。
図４（Ａ）は、採用笠木２の全体斜視図であり、図４（Ｂ）は固定金具４の使用状態説明図であり、図４（Ｃ）は固定金具４の斜視図である。
笠木２は、一般肉厚が２mmのアルミ合金押出成形品の長尺物（標準：３０００mm）であって、図４（Ａ）に示す如く、高さｈ２が４５mmの立下り板２Ｆと、上面の幅ＷＴが７５mmの天端水平板２Ｔと、天端水平板２Ｔの後部から高さｄ１２が１６mmの立下り辺２Ｐと、立下り辺２Ｐの下端から、前方に幅ＷＢ´（６０mm）の突片が突出し、後方に幅ＷＢ（１１５mm）延びる下段水平板２Ｂとを備え、立下り板２Ｆは、下端では、前方に下傾する７mm幅の水切り斜片２Ｓと、後方への５mm幅の雨水上昇阻止及び補強の突片２Ｅを、上端では、天端水平板２Ｔの下面との間に係合溝２Ｇを形成する突片２Ｃを備えたものであり、全高ｈ２が４５mm、全幅Ｗ２が１９０mmである。 [Kasagi 2 (Figure 4)]
As the caps 2, the caps of Japanese Patent No. 3727054 proposed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-246382 are adopted.
FIG. 4A is an overall perspective view of the adopted headboard 2, FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of a usage state of the fixing bracket 4, and FIG. 4C is a perspective view of the fixing bracket 4.
The cap board 2 is a long aluminum alloy extruded product (standard: 3000 mm) having a general thickness of 2 mm, and as shown in FIG. 4A, a falling plate 2F having a height h2 of 45 mm and an upper surface The top horizontal plate 2T having a width WT of 75 mm, the falling edge 2P having a height d12 of 16 mm from the rear of the top horizontal plate 2T, and the width WB ′ (60 mm) forward from the lower end of the falling side 2P. A projecting piece protrudes and includes a lower horizontal plate 2B extending rearwardly by a width WB (115 mm). A falling plate 2F has a lower end inclined plate 2S having a width of 7 mm and a rearward 5 mm width. The rainwater rise prevention and reinforcement protrusion 2E is provided with a protrusion 2C forming an engagement groove 2G at the upper end with the lower surface of the top horizontal plate 2T. The overall height h2 is 45 mm and the overall width W2 is 190 mm.

また、該笠木２の係止用固定金具４は、２mm厚のアルミ合金製品であって、図４（Ｃ）に示す如く、幅（Ｗ４´）が１２mmの上段水平片４Ｔと、高さ（ｈ４）が１８mmの垂直片４Ｆと、幅（Ｗ４）が３５mmの下段水平片４Ｂを備えたものであって、長さ（Ｌ４）が３０mmの屈曲板片である。
そして、下段水平片４Ｂの中央には、幅４mm、長さ８mmの長孔Ｈ４を前後方向に備えており、図４（Ｂ）に示す如く、複合パネル９のセメント板９Ａ上端の複合パネル長手方向の適所にねじ４Ｎで固定し、上段水平片４Ｔの先端を笠木２の前端内側の係合溝２Ｇに嵌入して笠木２の前端縁を係止し、垂直片４Ｆで複合パネルの通気用条溝ａｒからの上昇空気の、笠木立下り板２Ｆの内側から外方への排気スペースを担保するものである。 The locking fixture 4 of the headboard 2 is an aluminum alloy product having a thickness of 2 mm. As shown in FIG. 4C, the width (W4 ′) is 12 mm and the height ( h4) is a bent piece having a vertical piece 4F of 18 mm and a lower horizontal piece 4B having a width (W4) of 35 mm and a length (L4) of 30 mm.
In the center of the lower horizontal piece 4B, a long hole H4 having a width of 4 mm and a length of 8 mm is provided in the front-rear direction, and as shown in FIG. Fix in place with screws 4N, insert the tip of the upper horizontal piece 4T into the engagement groove 2G inside the front end of the headboard 2 to lock the front edge of the headboard 2, and use the vertical piece 4F to vent the composite panel This assures an exhaust space of the rising air from the groove ar from the inner side to the outer side of the headboard falling plate 2F.

〔ポール６（図６）〕
図６（Ｂ）はポール正面図、図６（Ｃ）はポール上面図である。
ポール６は、柵支持金具５の両傾斜側板５Ｓ間の前方に立設配置して、予測外の多量の降雪があった場合に、建物の端縁を示して墜落事故を防止するものである。
図６（Ｂ），（Ｃ）に示す如く、ポール６はアルミ製２mm厚の角パイプであって、前後側面６Ｒの幅Ｌ６が６０mm、左右側面６Ｌの幅Ｗ６が４５mmで、高さｈ６が６００mmであり、上辺６Ｔは５mm厚板を、上辺６Ｔには、ロープ挿通用の径３０mmの丸環６Ｆを備え、各側面６Ｌ，６Ｒには２列に空気孔Ｈ６を配置したものである。 [Pole 6 (Fig. 6)]
6B is a front view of the pole, and FIG. 6C is a top view of the pole.
The pole 6 is installed upright in front of the inclined support plates 5S of the fence support bracket 5 so as to show the edge of the building and prevent a crash accident when there is a large amount of unexpected snowfall. .
As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the pole 6 is a 2 mm thick square pipe made of aluminum, the width L6 of the front and rear side surfaces 6R is 60 mm, the width W6 of the left and right side surfaces 6L is 45 mm, and the height h6 is 6 mm. The upper side 6T is provided with a 5 mm thick plate, the upper side 6T is provided with a circular ring 6F having a diameter of 30 mm for rope insertion, and the air holes H6 are arranged in two rows on each of the side surfaces 6L and 6R.

〔笠木２の取付け（図３（Ｂ））〕
図３（Ｂ）は外断熱コンクリート建物に笠木を取付けた状態説明図であって、外断熱建物は、外断熱複合パネル９を、慣用の手法でコンクリート外壁の型枠として採用して外壁Ｗと一体化する。
次いで、図４（Ｂ）に示す如く、固定金具４を、下段水平片４Ｂのねじ４Ｎによって、パネルセメント板９Ａ上端に適宜間隔で配置固定し、笠木２は、前端内側の係合溝２Ｇを、固定金具４の上段水平片４Ｔに係止し、次いで笠木２の下段水平板２Ｂを、複合パネル９上端からパラペットＰの上面の防水層７Ａ上に亘って配置し、ボルト２ＮでパラペットＰのコンクリートに固定する。 [Attachment of Kasagi 2 (FIG. 3B)]
FIG. 3 (B) is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the headboard is attached to the outer heat insulating concrete building, and the outer heat insulating building adopts the outer heat insulating composite panel 9 as a formwork of the concrete outer wall by a conventional method. Integrate.
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the fixing bracket 4 is arranged and fixed at the upper end of the panel cement plate 9A at an appropriate interval by the screw 4N of the lower horizontal piece 4B, and the headboard 2 has an engagement groove 2G inside the front end. The lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2 is placed over the waterproof layer 7A on the upper surface of the parapet P from the upper end of the composite panel 9, and the parapet P is fixed with bolts 2N. Secure to concrete.

〔柵３の立設（図２）〕
図２（Ａ）は柵３の立設状態斜視図、図２（Ｂ）は柵３の立設状態正面図、図２（Ｃ）は柵３の立設状態上面図である。
図２（Ｂ），（Ｃ）に示す如く、長尺物（標準：３０００mm）の柵３は、間隔ａ３（４５５mm）で配置した支持金具５で立設固定するため、予め準備した柵３の支持金具５の固定部では、縦桟材３Ｐの上下ねじ３Ｎを、一度取外して、支持金具５の縦仕切（幅：１５mm）５Ｐを縦桟材３Ｐ（幅：１５mm）と重ねて、再度ねじ３Ｎによって、上端横桟材３Ｕのねじ孔Ｈ３と、縦桟材３Ｐ上方のねじ孔Ｈ３と、支持金具５の縦仕切５Ｐ上方のねじ孔Ｈ３とを介して重合一体化し、下端横桟材３Ｄと縦桟材３Ｐ下端と支持金具５の縦仕切５Ｐ下端も、同様にねじ３Ｎで重合一体化する。 [Erecting fence 3 (Fig. 2)]
2A is a perspective view of the fence 3 in a standing state, FIG. 2B is a front view of the fence 3 in a standing state, and FIG. 2C is a top view of the fence 3 in a standing state.
As shown in FIGS. 2 (B) and 2 (C), the fence 3 of a long object (standard: 3000 mm) is erected and fixed by the support fitting 5 arranged at the interval a3 (455 mm). At the fixing part of the support bracket 5, the vertical screw 3N of the vertical beam member 3P is once removed, the vertical partition (width: 15mm) 5P of the support metal member 5 is overlapped with the vertical beam member 3P (width: 15mm), and screwed again. 3N superimposes and integrates the screw hole H3 of the upper end crosspiece 3U, the screw hole H3 above the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the screw hole H3 above the vertical partition 5P of the support bracket 5 to form the lower end crosspiece 3D. Similarly, the lower end of the vertical crosspiece 3P and the lower end of the vertical partition 5P of the support metal 5 are also integrated with the screw 3N.

次いで、支持金具５を、図２（Ａ），（Ｃ）に示す如く、立上り板５Ａの前面下部を笠木２の天端水平板２Ｔ後縁に当接して、図１に示す如く、支持金具５の底板を、段差上辺５Ｅのボルト挿入用孔Ｈ５からのボルト５ＮのパラペットＰのコンクリートへの打込みで固定する。
この場合、ボルト５Ｎは、引張荷重３４０kgf／１本の、径５mmのサンコーテクノ（株）製のＰレスアンカー（商品名）を採用する。
そして、支持金具底板５Ｂの載置取付けに際しては、傾斜側板５Ｓが溝５Ｇを、底板５Ｂが溝５Ｇ対応の段差上辺５Ｅを備えているため、取付面の若干の不陸には対応出来るが、必要に応じて、底板５Ｂ下面に、ゴム片７Ｅ等の小片を介在すれば良い。 Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (C), the lower end of the rising plate 5A is brought into contact with the rear edge of the top horizontal plate 2T of the headboard 2 as shown in FIGS. The bottom plate of 5 is fixed by driving the parapet P of the bolt 5N into the concrete from the bolt insertion hole H5 of the step upper side 5E.
In this case, the bolt 5N employs a P-less anchor (trade name) manufactured by Sanko Techno Co., Ltd., having a tensile load of 340 kgf / 1 and having a diameter of 5 mm.
When mounting and mounting the support bracket bottom plate 5B, the inclined side plate 5S is provided with the groove 5G, and the bottom plate 5B is provided with a step upper side 5E corresponding to the groove 5G. If necessary, a small piece such as a rubber piece 7E may be interposed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 5B.

従って、得られた雪庇防止構造にあっては、柵３は、高さ（ｈｗ）３１０mmで、幅ａ１（５０mm）の縦長の開口部Ｗａ群を幅ａ２（１５mm）の縦桟材３Ｐ群間に保持し、且つ、支持金具５の部位にあっても、同形状の開口部Ｗａを縦桟材３Ｐと同一幅の縦仕切５Ｐ間に保持し、各支持金具５間では、下端横桟材３Ｄと笠木天端水平板２Ｔ上面との間に、高さｈｂが３０mmの横長開口部Ｗｂを備えた構造となり、柵３のパラペット上面の防水層７Ａから上辺３Ｔまでの高さｈ３０が４２０mmで立設されているため、屋上での積雪時に、雪の吹き溜まりの生ずる柵内側（風上側）から柵外側への積雪層の結合を遮断し、柵外側、即ち軒先、での雪庇の形成・成長が好適に抑制出来、本発明の所期の目的が達成出来た。   Therefore, in the snow scum prevention structure obtained, the fence 3 has a height (hw) of 310 mm and a vertical opening Wa group having a width a1 (50 mm) and a vertical beam member 3P group having a width a2 (15 mm). And the opening Wa having the same shape is held between the vertical partitions 5P having the same width as the vertical crosspieces 3P, and the lower end horizontal crosspieces between the support fittings 5 Between the 3D and the top surface of the top edge horizontal plate 2T, a horizontal opening Wb having a height hb of 30 mm is provided. The height h30 from the waterproof layer 7A on the top surface of the parapet of the fence 3 to the upper side 3T is 420 mm. Because it stands upright, when snowfalls on the rooftop, it blocks the snow layer from the inside of the fence (windward side) where snow puddle accumulates to the outside of the fence, and the formation and growth of snow ridges on the outside of the fence, that is, at the eaves Can be suitably suppressed, and the intended purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

尚、必要に応じて、図１に示す如く、ポール６を、支持金具５の両側板５Ｓ間に、立上り板５Ａに当接形態で嵌入立設し、両側板５Ｓのボルト孔Ｈｂを介してポール６の下部と中間部をねじ止めし、各ポール６の丸環６Ｆ間に亘ってロープ（図示せず）を張れば、ポール６が目印となって、屋上での除雪作業員の墜落事故防止にも役立つ。
また、支持金具５の傾斜側板５Ｓ下端には、水抜き孔５Ｗがあるため、支持金具底板５Ｂの段差上辺５Ｅ間に生ずる融雪水も側方に排除出来た。 If necessary, as shown in FIG. 1, the pole 6 is fitted between the side plates 5S of the support bracket 5 in a contact form with the rising plate 5A, and the bolt 6 is inserted through the bolt holes Hb of the side plates 5S. If the lower part and the middle part of the pole 6 are screwed and a rope (not shown) is stretched between the circular rings 6F of each pole 6, the pole 6 becomes a mark, and a snow removal worker crashes on the rooftop. It is also useful for prevention.
Further, since there is a drain hole 5W at the lower end of the inclined side plate 5S of the support bracket 5, the snowmelt water generated between the step top sides 5E of the support bracket bottom plate 5B can also be eliminated laterally.

本発明の縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of the present invention. 柵の配置説明図であって、（Ａ）は一部縦断斜視図、（Ｂ）は屋上側から見た正面図、（Ｃ）は上面図である。It is arrangement | positioning explanatory drawing of a fence, Comprising: (A) is a partially vertical perspective view, (B) is the front view seen from the roof side, (C) is a top view. 複合パネル説明図であって、（Ａ）は通気性外断熱複合パネルの斜視図、（Ｂ）は複合パネルに笠木を配置した状態の縦断側面図である。It is composite panel explanatory drawing, (A) is a perspective view of a breathable outer heat insulation composite panel, (B) is a vertical side view of the state which has placed the headboard on the composite panel. 笠木の説明図であって、（Ａ）は笠木の斜視図、（Ｂ）は笠木固定金具の使用状態図、（Ｃ）は笠木固定金具の斜視図である。It is explanatory drawing of a headboard, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view of a headboard, (B) is a use condition figure of a headboard fixing bracket, (C) is a perspective view of a headboard fixing bracket. 柵支持金具の説明図であって、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は正面図、（Ｃ）は縦断側面図、（Ｄ）は上面図である。It is explanatory drawing of a fence support metal fitting, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a vertical side view, (D) is a top view. 本発明の使用部材説明図であって、（Ａ）は柵の分解斜視図、（Ｂ）はポールの正面図、（Ｃ）はポールの上面図である。It is use member explanatory drawing of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a disassembled perspective view of a fence, (B) is a front view of a pole, (C) is a top view of a pole. 従来例１の説明図であって、（Ａ）は縦断側面図、（Ｂ）は分解斜視図である。It is explanatory drawing of the prior art example 1, Comprising: (A) is a vertical side view, (B) is a disassembled perspective view. 従来例２の縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of the prior art example 2. 従来例３の使用状態斜視図である。It is a use condition perspective view of conventional example 3.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２ 笠木
２Ｂ 下段水平板
２Ｂ´，２Ｃ，２Ｅ 突片
２Ｆ 立下り板
２Ｇ 係合溝
２Ｎ，５Ｎ，６Ｎ ボルト
２Ｐ 立下り辺
２Ｓ 水切り斜片
２Ｔ 天端水平板
３ 柵
３Ｄ 下端横桟材
３Ｆ 立下り片
３Ｇ 係合溝
３Ｎ，４Ｎ ねじ
３Ｐ 縦桟材
３Ｔ 上辺
３Ｕ 上端横桟材
３Ｖ 垂直横板
４ 固定金具
４Ｂ 下段水平片
４Ｆ 垂直片
４Ｔ 上段水平片
５ 支持金具
５Ａ 立上り板
５Ｂ 底板
５Ｄ 横下辺
５Ｅ 段差上辺（段差）
５Ｇ 溝
５Ｐ 縦仕切
５Ｓ 傾斜側板
５Ｕ 横上辺
５Ｗ 水抜き孔
６ ポール
６Ｆ 丸環
６Ｌ，６Ｒ 側面
６Ｔ 上辺
７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ 防水層
７Ｅ ゴム片
８，９Ｂ 断熱層
９ 通気性外断熱複合パネル（複合パネル）
９Ａ セメント板
１０ 外装材
ａｒ 通気用条溝
ｆ 空気流
Ｈ３ ねじ孔
Ｈ５ ボルト挿入用孔
Ｈ６ 空気孔
Ｈｂ ボルト孔
Ｐ パラペット
ＰＴ 屋上外縁上面（パラペット上面）
Ｐｔ 上端
Ｓ 屋上床スラブ
Ｗ コンクリート外壁（外壁）
Ｗａ，Ｗｂ 開口部
Ｗｆ 壁表面 2 Kasagi 2B Lower horizontal plate 2B ', 2C, 2E Protruding piece 2F Falling plate 2G Engaging groove 2N, 5N, 6N Bolt 2P Falling side 2S Draining diagonal piece 2T Top end horizontal plate 3 Fence 3D Bottom side crosspiece 3F Standing Downward strip 3G Engagement groove 3N, 4N Screw 3P Vertical beam 3T Upper side 3U Upper side horizontal beam 3V Vertical horizontal plate 4 Fixing bracket 4B Lower horizontal piece 4F Vertical piece 4T Upper horizontal piece 5 Support metal fitting 5A Rising plate 5B Bottom plate 5D Horizontal lower side 5E Upper edge of the step (step)
5G Groove 5P Vertical partition 5S Inclined side plate 5U Horizontal upper side 5W Drain hole 6 Pole 6F Round ring 6L, 6R Side surface 6T Upper side 7A, 7B, 7C Waterproof layer 7E Rubber pieces 8, 9B Heat insulating layer 9 Breathable outer heat insulating composite panel (Composite panel)
9A Cement board 10 Exterior material ar Ventilation groove f Air flow H3 Screw hole H5 Bolt insertion hole H6 Air hole Hb Bolt hole P Parapet PT Top surface of roof outer edge (parapet top surface)
Pt Upper end S Roof floor slab W Concrete outer wall (outer wall)
Wa, Wb Opening Wf Wall surface

Claims (6)

建物の屋上外縁上面（ＰＴ）に、支持金具（５）によって柵（３）を立設した雪庇防止構造であって、柵（３）は、上端横桟材（３Ｕ）が、ねじ孔（Ｈ３）を備えた垂直横板（３Ｖ）と上辺（３Ｔ）と立下り片（３Ｆ）とで係合溝（３Ｇ）を構成した板材であり、下端横桟材（３Ｄ）及び縦桟材（３Ｐ）がねじ孔（Ｈ３）を備えた平板材であり、縦桟材（３Ｐ）の上端（Ｐｔ）を上端横桟材（３Ｕ）の係合溝（３Ｇ）内に嵌入して、上端横桟材（３Ｕ）と、縦桟材（３Ｐ）と、下端横桟材（３Ｄ）とを対応ねじ孔（Ｈ３）を介したねじ（３Ｎ）締着により、各縦桟材（３Ｐ）間に、雪の吹抜けを許容し、且つ雪庇の形成、成長を抑制する縦長の開口部（Ｗａ）を保って一体化したものであり、該柵（３）を間隔配置した支持金具（５）に固定し、該支持金具（５）群を屋上外縁上面（ＰＴ）に立設固定した雪庇防止構造。 It is a snowfall prevention structure in which a fence (3) is erected on the upper surface (PT) of the roof top of the building by a support metal fitting (5), and the fence (3) has an upper side crosspiece (3U) screw hole (H3 ) Provided with a vertical horizontal plate (3V), an upper side (3T), and a falling piece (3F) to form an engagement groove (3G), a bottom horizontal beam (3D) and a vertical beam (3P) ) Is a flat plate having a screw hole (H3), and the upper end (Pt) of the vertical beam (3P) is fitted into the engagement groove (3G) of the upper horizontal beam (3U) to By fastening the material (3U), the vertical beam material (3P), and the lower edge horizontal beam material (3D) with screws (3N) via the corresponding screw holes (H3) , It is integrated with a vertically long opening (Wa) that allows snow to blow through and suppresses the formation and growth of snow ridges, and is fixed to the support bracket (5) with the fence (3) arranged at intervals. , The support bracket (5) cornice preventing structure erected fixed to the roof outer upper surface (PT) a group. 柵（３）は、下端横桟材（３Ｄ）が、雪の吹抜けを許容する下方の開口部（Ｗｂ）を形成して配置した、請求項１の雪庇防止構造。   The fence (3) according to claim 1, wherein the bottom crosspiece (3D) is arranged so as to form a lower opening (Wb) that allows snow to blow through. 支持金具（５）は、前面の立上り板（５Ａ）と、固定用の底板（５Ｂ）と、両側の傾斜側板（５Ｓ）とを備え、立上り板（５Ａ）が、上端に横上辺（５Ｕ）を、下端に横下辺（５Ｄ）を、両側に縦仕切（５Ｐ）を備えて、中央部には、柵（３）の開口部（Ｗａ）と整合する縦長開口部（Ｗａ）を形成したものである、請求項１又は２の雪庇防止構造。 The support bracket (5) includes a front rising plate (5A), a fixing bottom plate (5B), and inclined side plates (5S) on both sides, and the rising plate (5A) has a horizontal upper side (5U) at the upper end. With a horizontal lower side (5D) at the lower end and vertical partitions (5P) on both sides, with a vertically long opening (Wa) aligned with the opening (Wa) of the fence (3) at the center The snowfall prevention structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 支持金具（５）は、立上り板（５Ａ）の横上辺（５Ｕ）を上端横桟材（３Ｕ）の係合溝（３Ｇ）に嵌入し、両側の縦仕切（５Ｐ）を柵（３）の縦桟材（３Ｐ）に整合当接して、横上辺（５Ｕ）のねじ孔（Ｈ３）及び横下辺（５Ｄ）のねじ孔（Ｈ３）を介して柵（３）と止着保持した、請求項３の雪庇防止構造。 The support metal fitting (5) has the horizontal upper side (5U) of the rising plate (5A) fitted into the engagement groove (3G) of the upper end crosspiece (3U), and the vertical partitions (5P) on both sides are connected to the fence (3). It is aligned and brought into contact with the vertical beam member (3P), and is fixedly held to the fence (3) through the screw hole (H3) of the horizontal upper side (5U) and the screw hole (H3) of the horizontal lower side (5D). 3 snowfall prevention structure. 支持金具（５）は、両側板（５Ｓ）底辺に前後の溝（５Ｇ）を形成し、底板（５Ｂ）では、溝（５Ｇ）対応部を段差上辺（５Ｅ）とし、段差上辺（５Ｅ）に配置したボルト挿入用孔（Ｈ５）を介して外縁上面（ＰＴ）にボルト締着した、請求項３又は４の雪庇防止構造。 The support bracket (5) has front and rear grooves (5G) formed on the bottom sides of both side plates (5S). In the bottom plate (5B), the groove (5G) corresponding portion is the step upper side (5E), and the step upper side (5E) The snow scum prevention structure according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the bolt is fastened to the upper surface (PT) of the outer edge via the arranged bolt insertion hole (H5). 建物の外壁（Ｗ）が通気性外断熱複合パネル（９）を備え、前面の立下り板（２Ｆ）と、天端水平板（２Ｔ）と、天端水平板（２Ｔ）から立下り辺（２Ｐ）を介して後方に延出した下段水平板（２Ｂ）とを備えた笠木（２）を、複合パネル（９）のセメント板（９Ａ）上端に止着した固定金具（４）での前端係止と、下段水平板（２Ｂ）の屋上外縁上面（ＰＴ）へのボルト（２Ｎ）での固定との、前後２点支持で配置し、柵（３）に取付けた支持金具（５）の底板（５Ｂ）を、笠木（２）の下段水平板（２Ｂ）上から外縁上面（ＰＴ）の防水層（７Ａ）に亘って着座固定した、請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項の雪庇防止構造。 The outer wall (W) of the building is provided with a breathable outer thermal insulation composite panel (9), and the front falling plate (2F), the top horizontal plate (2T), and the falling edge from the top horizontal plate (2T) ( 2P), the front end of the fixing bracket (4), which is fixed to the upper end of the cement plate (9A) of the composite panel (9) with the lower horizontal plate (2B) extending backward via 2P) Of the support metal fitting (5), which is arranged with two points of support in the front and rear, and is fixed to the top surface (PT) of the roof top edge (PT) of the lower horizontal plate (2B) with the bolt (2N). bottom plate (5B), coping (2) lower horizontal plate seated fixed over the waterproof layer of the outer upper surface (PT) from above (2B) (7A), the cornice prevention of any one of claims 1 to 5 Construction.

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