JP4761182B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4761182B2 JP4761182B2 JP2004275410A JP2004275410A JP4761182B2 JP 4761182 B2 JP4761182 B2 JP 4761182B2 JP 2004275410 A JP2004275410 A JP 2004275410A JP 2004275410 A JP2004275410 A JP 2004275410A JP 4761182 B2 JP4761182 B2 JP 4761182B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 140
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 116
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 51
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 102220099739 rs113612866 Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 102220068412 rs139166382 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102100036326 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102100036333 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101001001813 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101001001821 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04402—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
図3はシステム起動時のガス漏れ判定処理ルーチン(S102)を記述したフローチャートである。同ルーチンが呼び出されると、制御部50はタンクバルブH201、水素供給バルブH200、FC入口バルブH21、及びFC出口バルブH22を開き、燃料ガス供給路31を通じて燃料電池20に燃料ガスを供給する(S201)。次いで、制御部50は燃料ガス供給系統に配設されている全ての圧力センサP5〜P6のそれぞれの圧力値が所定の圧力値Pj1〜Pj7以上であるか否かを判定する(S202)。全ての圧力センサP5〜P6のそれぞれが所定の圧力値Pj1〜Pj7以上に達し、燃料ガス供給路31及び燃料ガス循環路32の圧力がガス漏れ判定を行える状態にまで昇圧すると(S202;YES)、制御部50はタンクバルブH201、水素供給バルブH200、FC入口バルブH21、及びFC出口バルブH22を閉弁し(S203)、燃料ガス供給路31及び燃料ガス循環路32を密封する。そして、密封状態から所定時間t1経過後に(S204)、制御部50は圧力センサP5〜P6の圧力値をP5P〜P6Pとして記憶する(S205)。更に、密封状態から所定時間t2経過すると(S206)、制御部50は記憶済みの圧力値P5P〜P6Pと、所定時間t2経過時点で圧力センサP5〜P6が検出した圧力値との差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6を演算する(S207)。ここで求めた差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6は時間(t2−t1)の圧力低下量に相当する。制御部50はそれぞれの差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6が所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以上であるか否かを判定する(S208)。差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6の全てが所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以下である場合には(S208;NO)、ガス漏れがないと考えられるので、システム起動を完了し、通常発電を開始する(S209)。一方、差圧ΔP5〜ΔP6のうち何れか一つでも所定の圧力値pj8〜Pj14以上である場合には(S208;YES)、制御部50はガス漏れが生じていると判定する(S209)。
Claims (5)
- 反応ガス通路の異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスを燃料電池で消費して発電し、
前記発電された電力を補機類で優先的に消費させるとともに、前記補機類で消費しきれない電力を蓄電手段に充電可能であり、
前記異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスの圧力変化状態に基づいて前記反応ガス通路の異常判定を行う判定手段と、前記補機類の電力消費を増大可能な制御手段とを備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記制御手段は、前記判定手段が前記異常判定を行う際に、前記異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスを前記燃料電池で消費する際に発電される電力が、前記補機類で消費する電力と前記蓄電手段に充電可能な電力との総和を超えていると判断した場合に、前記補機類で消費する消費電力を増大させる、燃料電池システム。 - 反応ガス通路の異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスを燃料電池で消費し、更に前記燃料電池が発電した電力を補機類で消費させ、前記異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスの圧力変化状態に基づいて前記反応ガス通路の異常判定を行う判定手段を備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記補機類の電力消費を増大させることによって、前記異常検出部位に内在する反応ガスの消費を増加させる制御手段を備え、
前記補機類として、前記燃料電池を冷却する冷却補機を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記冷却補機の消費電力の増大に起因して前記燃料電池の温度が低下する度合に基づいて他の補機類を制御する、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記補機類として、前記燃料電池に酸化ガスを供給するエアコンプレッサを更に備え、
前記制御手段は、前記燃料電池の温度が所定値以上の場合に前記エアコンプレッサから前記燃料電池に供給される酸化ガス流量の増加を抑制する、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記補機類として、前記燃料電池を冷却する冷媒と熱交換可能な熱交換器を更に備え、
前記制御手段は前記燃料電池の温度が所定値以下の場合に前記熱交換器の消費電力を増大させることによって前記冷媒の温度を昇温させる、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4のうち何れか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池で発電された直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記補機類に交流電力を供給するインバータを更に備え、
前記制御手段は、前記インバータの熱損失を増大させて、前記燃料電池で発電された電力の消費量を増大させる、燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004275410A JP4761182B2 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | 燃料電池システム |
CNB2005800319904A CN100557877C (zh) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-16 | 燃料电池***以及燃料电池***的异常判定方法 |
PCT/JP2005/017560 WO2006033425A1 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-16 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの異常判定方法 |
US11/662,578 US8349509B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-16 | Fuel cell system and fuel cell system failure judgment method |
DE112005002320T DE112005002320B4 (de) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-16 | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zur Beurteilung eines Fehlers eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004275410A JP4761182B2 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | 燃料電池システム |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006092860A JP2006092860A (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
JP4761182B2 true JP4761182B2 (ja) | 2011-08-31 |
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JP2004275410A Expired - Fee Related JP4761182B2 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | 燃料電池システム |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8349509B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4761182B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100557877C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005002320B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006033425A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (44)
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US7260499B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2007-08-21 | Fe Petro Inc. | Fuel delivery system with enhanced functionality and diagnostic capability |
JP5070685B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-27 | 2012-11-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、ガス漏れ検知装置およびガス漏れ検知方法 |
JP4952114B2 (ja) | 2006-07-26 | 2012-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5201308B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-31 | 2013-06-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008112702A (ja) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
DE102006059030A1 (de) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-19 | Daimler Ag | Leckageprüfung in einem Brennstoffzellensystem |
JP5081573B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2012-11-28 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの負荷減少時の運転方法 |
JP5081574B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2012-11-28 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの負荷増加時の運転方法 |
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DE102007055486A1 (de) * | 2007-11-21 | 2009-05-28 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Feststellen einer Leckage eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Brennstoffzellensystem |
US7942035B2 (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2011-05-17 | Ford Motor Company | Anode leak test implementation |
JP5097016B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-02 | 2012-12-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び遮断弁の開閉状態判定方法 |
CN102470749B (zh) * | 2009-07-21 | 2014-02-26 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料***和车辆 |
US9219285B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2015-12-22 | Belenos Clean Power Holding Ag | Method for the early detection of liquid water formation in a fuel cell |
US8243446B2 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-08-14 | First Solar, Inc. | Photovoltaic inverter |
US8524405B2 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2013-09-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Detection of small anode leaks in fuel cell systems |
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CN100557877C (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
DE112005002320B4 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
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DE112005002320T5 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
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