JP4750910B1 - Seismograph - Google Patents

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JP4750910B1
JP4750910B1 JP2011046628A JP2011046628A JP4750910B1 JP 4750910 B1 JP4750910 B1 JP 4750910B1 JP 2011046628 A JP2011046628 A JP 2011046628A JP 2011046628 A JP2011046628 A JP 2011046628A JP 4750910 B1 JP4750910 B1 JP 4750910B1
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liquid
container
thermosensitive element
sensitivity
sensitivity thermosensitive
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文雄 西野
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Tateyama Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】水平度依存性が少なく、動作回数が半永久的であり、さらに、複雑な信号処理を必要とせず、安価で、消費電力も少ない感震器を提供する。
【解決手段】球状の容器と、容器に、容器の一部に空気空間を残した状態で充填された液体と、液体に浸漬した状態で前記容器内に配置された高感度感温素子とを備えており、高感度感温素子の測定電流による自己発熱により、液体を加熱して高感度感温素子の周囲に高温域を形成し、加震時の液体の流動による高感度感温素子周囲の温度の低下を検知することを特徴とする感震器。
【選択図】図１An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic instrument that is less dependent on level, has a semi-permanent operation, does not require complicated signal processing, is inexpensive, and consumes less power.
SOLUTION: A spherical container, a liquid filled in a state where an air space is left in a part of the container, and a high-sensitivity thermosensitive element disposed in the container in a state immersed in the liquid. A high-temperature region is formed around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element by self-heating due to the measurement current of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element, and a high-temperature region is formed around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element. A seismoscope characterized by detecting a drop in temperature.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、地震等の加震時の振動を検知する感震器に関する。   The present invention relates to a seismic device that detects vibration during an earthquake such as an earthquake.

この種の感震器としては、機械型の感震器や加速度センサ型の感震器が知られている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２）。   As this type of seismic device, a mechanical seismic device and an acceleration sensor type seismic device are known (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

図２は、従来の機械型の感震器を模式的に示した図であって、（ａ）は定常時の状態を示す図、（ｂ）は加震時の状態を示す図である。図２に示すように、機械型の感震器１００は、電気接点１０１を鋼球１０２により開閉するように構成されている。そして、定常時は、図２（ａ）に示すように、電気接点１０１が閉の状態にされており、加震時に、図２（ｂ）に示すように、鋼球１０２の移動により電気接点１０１が開放されるように構成されている。   2A and 2B are diagrams schematically showing a conventional mechanical seismic device, where FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a steady state, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a state during vibration. As shown in FIG. 2, the mechanical seismograph 100 is configured to open and close an electrical contact 101 with a steel ball 102. In a steady state, the electrical contact 101 is closed as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and during the vibration, the electrical contact is caused by the movement of the steel ball 102 as shown in FIG. 2 (b). 101 is configured to be opened.

図３は、加速度センサ型の感震器のブロック図である。図３に示すように、加速度センサ型の感震器２００は、加速度センサ２０１およびセンサドライバ・マイコン２０２を備えており、図４に示すように、加震時には、加震の大きさそのものを時系列で測定して出力するように構成されている。なお、図４は、縦軸に出力をとり、横軸に時間をとったときの加速度の時系列データを示す図であり、（ａ）は定常時のデータを示す図、（ｂ）は加震時のデータを示す図である。   FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an accelerometer of the acceleration sensor type. As shown in FIG. 3, the acceleration sensor-type seismic device 200 includes an acceleration sensor 201 and a sensor driver / microcomputer 202. As shown in FIG. It is configured to measure and output in series. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing acceleration time-series data with the output on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis, (a) is a diagram showing data at steady state, and (b) is an additional graph. It is a figure which shows the data at the time of an earthquake.

特開平９−７２７７８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-72778 特開平１１−１７３４４７号公報JP-A-11-173447

機械式の感震器１００は、単純構造で、低価格化が容易となり、また、機械動作であるため、待機電力が不要になる。しかし、設置時の水平依存性が非常に大きいため、設置の水平度によっては動作不能になり、また、機械式接点であるため、動作回数が限定されるという問題がある。   The mechanical seismic device 100 has a simple structure, can be easily reduced in price, and does not require standby power because of mechanical operation. However, since the horizontal dependency at the time of installation is very large, it becomes impossible to operate depending on the level of installation, and since it is a mechanical contact, there is a problem that the number of operations is limited.

一方、加速度センサ型の感震器２００は、設置時の水平依存性を考慮しなくてもよく、また、加震の大きさそのものが時系列に分かり、超高感度品も容易に作ることができる。しかし、一般的に高価であり、オーバースペック（過剰性能）になることが多い。また、複雑な信号処理が必要であり、これに伴い待機電力がドライバ、マイコンで多く消費されるため、消費電力も多くなるという問題がある。   On the other hand, the acceleration sensor type seismic device 200 does not need to consider the horizontal dependency at the time of installation, and the magnitude of the vibration itself can be known in time series, and an ultrasensitive product can be easily made. it can. However, it is generally expensive and often overspec (excess performance). In addition, complicated signal processing is required, and accordingly, standby power is consumed by a driver and a microcomputer, resulting in a problem of increased power consumption.

本発明は、これらの問題に鑑み、水平度依存性が少なく、動作回数が半永久的であり、さらに、オーバースペックにならず、また複雑な信号処理を必要とせず、安価で、消費電力も少ない感震器を提供することを課題とする。   In view of these problems, the present invention has little dependency on horizontality, the number of operations is semi-permanent, is not over-spec, does not require complicated signal processing, is inexpensive, and consumes little power. The issue is to provide a seismic device.

本発明者は、鋭意検討の結果、以下に示す発明により、上記の課題が解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has found that the above problems can be solved by the invention shown below, and has completed the present invention.

以下、各請求項の発明を説明する。   The invention of each claim will be described below.

請求項１に記載の発明は、
球状の容器と、
前記容器に、前記容器の一部に空気空間を残した状態で充填された液体と、
前記液体に浸漬した状態で前記容器内に配置された高感度感温素子と
を備えており、
前記高感度感温素子の測定電流による自己発熱により、前記液体を加熱して前記高感度感温素子の周囲に高温域を形成し、
加震時の前記液体の流動による前記高感度感温素子周囲の温度の低下を検知する
ことを特徴とする感震器である。 The invention described in claim 1
A spherical container;
A liquid filled in the container leaving an air space in a part of the container;
A high-sensitivity thermosensitive element disposed in the container in a state immersed in the liquid,
By self-heating by the measurement current of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element, the liquid is heated to form a high-temperature region around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element,
It is a seismometer that detects a decrease in temperature around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element due to the flow of the liquid during vibration.

請求項２に記載の発明は、
前記高感度感温素子が、前記球状の容器の球心近傍に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の感震器である。 The invention described in claim 2
The seismic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the high-sensitivity temperature sensing element is disposed in the vicinity of a spherical center of the spherical container.

請求項３に記載の発明は、
前記液体が、蒸気圧の低い液体である
ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の感震器である。 The invention according to claim 3
The seismic device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid is a liquid having a low vapor pressure.

請求項４に記載の発明は、
前記高感度感温素子の温度変化を認識する回路を備えている
ことを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の感震器である。 The invention according to claim 4
The seismic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a circuit that recognizes a temperature change of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element.

本発明によれば、水平度依存性が少なく、動作回数が半永久的であり、さらに、オーバースペックにならず、また複雑な信号処理を必要とせず、安価で、消費電力も少ない感震器を提供することできる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a seismic device that is less dependent on levelness, has a semi-permanent operation, is not over-spec, does not require complicated signal processing, is inexpensive, and consumes less power. Can be offered.

本発明の実施の形態に係る感震器を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the seismic device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 機械型の感震器を模式的に示した図であって、（ａ）は定常時の状態を示す図、（ｂ）は加震時の状態を示す図である。It is the figure which showed the mechanical type seismic device typically, Comprising: (a) is a figure which shows the state at the time of a steady state, (b) is a figure which shows the state at the time of an earthquake. 加速度センサ型の感震器のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of an accelerometer of an acceleration sensor type. 縦軸に出力をとり、横軸に時間をとったときの加速度の時系列データを示す図であり、（ａ）は定常時のデータを示す図、（ｂ）は加震時のデータを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the time series data of the acceleration when taking an output on a vertical axis | shaft and taking time on a horizontal axis, (a) is a figure which shows the data at the time of steady, (b) shows the data at the time of an earthquake. FIG.

以下、本発明を実施の形態に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments.

１．感震器の構成
図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る感震器を模式的に示す図である。図１に示すように、感震器１は、球状の容器２と、容器２に充填される液体３と、液体３中に漬浸される高感度感温素子の一種であるサーミスタ５と、微分回路、増幅回路および温度補償回路を有する回路部８と、サーミスタ５の検知信号により振動を報知する報知手段（図示省略）とを備えている。高感度感温素子としては、サーミスタの外、高精度白金測温抵抗体、熱電対などを用いることも好ましい。 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a seismic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the seismic device 1 includes a spherical container 2, a liquid 3 filled in the container 2, a thermistor 5 that is a kind of a high-sensitivity thermosensitive element immersed in the liquid 3, A circuit unit 8 having a differentiating circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a temperature compensation circuit, and an informing means (not shown) for informing vibration by a detection signal of the thermistor 5 are provided. As the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element, it is also preferable to use a high-precision platinum resistance thermometer, a thermocouple, etc. in addition to the thermistor.

容器２は、空球体である。材質としては、ステンレス、樹脂、ガラス等が好ましいが、液体を安定して保持できる限り、特に制限されない。   The container 2 is an empty sphere. The material is preferably stainless steel, resin, glass or the like, but is not particularly limited as long as the liquid can be stably held.

液体３としては、シリコーン油等の蒸気圧の低い液体が使用される。   As the liquid 3, a liquid having a low vapor pressure such as silicone oil is used.

容器２内の液体３の上部には、空気空間部４が形成されており、容器２が加震されたときに液体３に流動性を持たせている。   An air space 4 is formed in the upper part of the liquid 3 in the container 2 so that the liquid 3 has fluidity when the container 2 is vibrated.

サーミスタ５は、サーミスタ５のリード線５ａに接続された状態で容器２の中心部に配置されている。リード線５ａは、容器２の上部に形成された封止部７を通って回路部８に接続されている。なお、２ａは貫通孔である。   The thermistor 5 is disposed at the center of the container 2 in a state of being connected to the lead wire 5 a of the thermistor 5. The lead wire 5 a is connected to the circuit unit 8 through the sealing unit 7 formed in the upper part of the container 2. 2a is a through hole.

リード線５ａの周囲には、流れ止め６が配置されている。流れ止め６は、所定の強度を有する中空管で形成され、内部にリード線５ａが挿通され、容器２に封止部７により固定されている。封止部７は、球状の容器の材質に応じた材料を用いて封止がされている。例えば、容器が樹脂製あるいはステンレス製であれば、樹脂封止などが、ガラス製の容器であれば、ガラス封止などが採用される。   A flow stopper 6 is disposed around the lead wire 5a. The flow stopper 6 is formed of a hollow tube having a predetermined strength, the lead wire 5 a is inserted inside, and is fixed to the container 2 by the sealing portion 7. The sealing part 7 is sealed using a material corresponding to the material of the spherical container. For example, if the container is made of resin or stainless steel, resin sealing or the like is used. If the container is made of glass, glass sealing or the like is used.

流れ止め６は、加震時に容器２が揺れた場合でも、サーミスタ５の位置が液体３の流体圧により移動しないようにしている。なお、強度のあるリード線５ａを使用する場合は、流れ止め６は不要になる。   The flow stop 6 prevents the position of the thermistor 5 from moving due to the fluid pressure of the liquid 3 even when the container 2 is shaken during vibration. When the lead wire 5a having strength is used, the flow stopper 6 is not necessary.

２．感震器の動作
前記のように構成される感震器１の基本的な動作を説明する。 2. Operation of the seismic device The basic operation of the seismic device 1 configured as described above will be described.

サーミスタ５には、常に測定電流が流されることにより、定常時と加震時における温度差を認識できるようになっている。   The thermistor 5 is made to be able to recognize a temperature difference between the steady state and the shaking state by constantly passing a measurement current.

このため、サーミスタ５は、測定電流による自己発熱を起こしてサーミスタ５の周囲の液体３を加熱する。   For this reason, the thermistor 5 heats the liquid 3 around the thermistor 5 by causing self-heating due to the measurement current.

したがって、定常時には、サーミスタ５の周囲に高温域（図１の一点鎖線で示す領域内）を形成して、サーミスタ５は高温度を検知することになる。   Therefore, at the time of steady operation, a high temperature region (in the region indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 1) is formed around the thermistor 5, and the thermistor 5 detects the high temperature.

一方、加震時には、液体３が容器２の振動により流動するため、高温域の液体３とその周囲にあった低温域の液体３とが混ざり合う。このため、サーミスタ５の周囲の高温域の液体３の温度が低下する。そして、サーミスタ５の定常時と加震時における温度変化量を微分回路で検出し、増幅回路で増幅した後、温度補償回路で温度変化の誤差を修正し、定常時の温度との差を精度高く認識し、適宜、報知手段を通じて監視者に報知する。   On the other hand, since the liquid 3 flows by vibration of the container 2 during the vibration, the liquid 3 in the high temperature region and the liquid 3 in the low temperature region around it are mixed. For this reason, the temperature of the liquid 3 in the high temperature region around the thermistor 5 decreases. Then, the temperature change amount of the thermistor 5 during the steady state and during the shaking is detected by the differentiation circuit, amplified by the amplification circuit, and then the error of the temperature change is corrected by the temperature compensation circuit, and the difference from the steady state temperature is accurately measured. Recognize it high and notify the supervisor through the notification means as appropriate.

３．本実施の形態の効果
（１）本実施の形態においては、上部に空気空間部が設けられた球状の容器内の液体中にサーミスタのような高感度感温素子を浸漬して、液体の流動による高感度感温素子の温度変化を利用する方式が採用されている。そして、加震時に感震器が揺れた場合でも、空気空間部は常に上方にあり、高感度感温素子は常に液体中に浸漬されている。 3. Advantages of the present embodiment (1) In the present embodiment, a highly sensitive temperature sensitive element such as a thermistor is immersed in a liquid in a spherical container provided with an air space at the upper part, and the flow of the liquid A method using the temperature change of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element is adopted. And even if a seismoscope shakes at the time of an earthquake, the air space part is always above and the highly sensitive temperature sensing element is always immersed in the liquid.

このため、地震になどによる揺れの方向に影響されず、常に正確な検知が可能となる。即ち、従来の機械型の感震器の場合、水平に設置した場合でも、揺れの方向が上下の場合と、左右の場合とで検知結果に差が出やすい。また、加速度センサ型の感震器の場合、設置時の水平依存性は比較的考慮しなくてもよいが、揺れ方向が上下の場合と、左右の場合とで検知結果に差が出やすい。しかし、本実施の形態においては、液体の流動による高感度感温素子の温度変化を利用する方式が採用されているため、揺れの方向に影響されず、常に正確な検知が可能となる。   Therefore, accurate detection is always possible without being affected by the direction of shaking caused by an earthquake or the like. That is, in the case of a conventional mechanical type seismic device, even if it is installed horizontally, the detection result tends to differ between the case where the direction of shaking is up and down and the case where it is left and right. In addition, in the case of an acceleration sensor type seismic device, the horizontal dependency at the time of installation does not need to be taken into consideration relatively, but the detection result tends to differ between when the shaking direction is up and down and when it is left and right. However, in the present embodiment, since a method using the temperature change of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element due to the flow of the liquid is employed, accurate detection is always possible without being affected by the direction of shaking.

さらに、容器が球状であるため、設置方向に拘わらず、正確な検知が可能になる。特に、高感度感温素子が、球状の容器の球心近傍に配置されている場合には、揺れ方向に対する方向依存性が全くなくなるため、極めて正確な検知が可能となる。   Furthermore, since the container is spherical, accurate detection is possible regardless of the installation direction. In particular, when the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element is disposed in the vicinity of the sphere center of a spherical container, the direction dependency with respect to the shaking direction is completely eliminated, so that extremely accurate detection is possible.

このように、本実施の形態の感震器には、設置の水平依存性だけでなく、揺れ方向に対する方向依存性が全くなくなるため、極めて正確な検知が可能となる。   As described above, the seismic device according to the present embodiment has not only the horizontal dependency of the installation but also the direction dependency with respect to the shaking direction, so that extremely accurate detection is possible.

（２）定常時と加震時の温度変化が認識できるだけでよいため、高感度感温素子からの信号は、微分回路、増幅回路、温度補償回路程度の簡単な回路で処理するだけで済み、消費電力が少なく１００μＷ以下での動作可能となるため、乾電池で長時間動作が可能となる。 (2) Since it is only necessary to recognize the temperature change during steady state and during shaking, the signal from the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element only needs to be processed by a simple circuit such as a differentiation circuit, amplification circuit, and temperature compensation circuit. Since the power consumption is low and the operation can be performed at 100 μW or less, the battery can be operated for a long time.

（３）高感度感温素子の測定電流による自己発熱により液体を加熱しているため、別途加熱手段を設ける必要がなく、構造が簡単であり、消費電力も少なくて済む。 (3) Since the liquid is heated by self-heating by the measurement current of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element, it is not necessary to provide a separate heating means, the structure is simple, and the power consumption is small.

（４）機械式接点をなくす一方、容器内の液体に浸漬した高感度感温素子により加震時の温度の低下を検知する単純な方式であるため、動作回数が半永久的になる。 (4) While eliminating the mechanical contact, it is a simple method of detecting a decrease in temperature at the time of vibration by a highly sensitive thermosensitive element immersed in the liquid in the container, so that the number of operations becomes semi-permanent.

（５）前記の通り、高感度感温素子の測定電流を利用した自己発熱による液体加熱方式を採用しており、高感度感温素子を液体に浸漬させるだけの単純な構造であり、処理回路も単純な回路で済むため、安価であり、定常時と加震時の温度変化を検知するだけであるため、加速度センサ型のような複雑な信号処理を必要としない。 (5) As described above, the liquid heating method by self-heating using the measurement current of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element is adopted, and the structure is simple such that the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element is simply immersed in the liquid. However, since a simple circuit is sufficient, the cost is low, and only a change in temperature during steady state and during shaking is detected, so that complicated signal processing as in the acceleration sensor type is not required.

以上、本発明を実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記の実施の形態に限定されるものではない。本発明と同一および均等の範囲内において、上記の実施の形態に対して種々の変更を加えることができる。   While the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments within the same and equivalent scope as the present invention.

１ 感震器
２ 容器
２ａ 貫通孔
３ 液体
４ 空気空間部
５ サーミスタ
５ａ リード線
６ 流れ止め
７ 封止部
８ 回路部
１００ 機械型の感震器
１０１ 電気接点
１０２ 鋼球
２００ 加速度センサ型の感震器
２０１ 加速度センサ
２０２ センサドライバ・マイコン DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shock detector 2 Container 2a Through-hole 3 Liquid 4 Air space part 5 Thermistor 5a Lead wire 6 Flow stop 7 Sealing part 8 Circuit part 100 Mechanical type shock sensor 101 Electrical contact 102 Steel ball 200 Accelerometer type 201 Acceleration sensor 202 Sensor driver / microcomputer

Claims (4)

球状の容器と、
前記容器に、前記容器の一部に空気空間を残した状態で充填された液体と、
前記液体に浸漬した状態で前記容器内に配置された高感度感温素子と
を備えており、
前記高感度感温素子の測定電流による自己発熱により、前記液体を加熱して前記高感度感温素子の周囲に高温域を形成し、
加震時の前記液体の流動による前記高感度感温素子周囲の温度の低下を検知する
ことを特徴とする感震器。 A spherical container;
A liquid filled in the container leaving an air space in a part of the container;
A high-sensitivity thermosensitive element disposed in the container in a state immersed in the liquid,
By self-heating by the measurement current of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element, the liquid is heated to form a high-temperature region around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element,
A seismometer that detects a decrease in temperature around the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element due to the flow of the liquid during vibration. 前記高感度感温素子が、前記球状の容器の球心近傍に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の感震器。 The seismic device according to claim 1, wherein the high-sensitivity temperature sensing element is disposed in the vicinity of a spherical center of the spherical container. 前記液体が、蒸気圧の低い液体である
ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の感震器。 The seismic device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is a liquid having a low vapor pressure. 前記高感度感温素子の温度変化を認識する回路を備えている
ことを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の感震器。 The seismic sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a circuit for recognizing a temperature change of the high-sensitivity thermosensitive element.
JP2011046628A 2011-03-03 2011-03-03 Seismograph Expired - Fee Related JP4750910B1 (en)

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JP2011046628A JP4750910B1 (en) 2011-03-03 2011-03-03 Seismograph
PCT/JP2011/069683 WO2012117589A1 (en) 2011-03-03 2011-08-31 Seismoscope

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JP2013024769A (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-02-04 Tateyama Kagaku Kogyo Kk Seismoscope

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110824553B (en) * 2019-11-26 2022-11-01 浙江中瑞航空科技股份有限公司 Resonance buried earthquake detection equipment

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JPH0972778A (en) * 1995-09-06 1997-03-18 Omron Corp Seismic detector
JPH09101322A (en) * 1995-10-02 1997-04-15 Japan Organo Co Ltd Flow detection apparatus and method for fluid
JPH11173447A (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-29 Yazaki Corp Earthquake proof cutoff valve
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JPH07234238A (en) * 1994-02-23 1995-09-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Acceleration sensor
JPH0972778A (en) * 1995-09-06 1997-03-18 Omron Corp Seismic detector
JPH09101322A (en) * 1995-10-02 1997-04-15 Japan Organo Co Ltd Flow detection apparatus and method for fluid
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