JP4743956B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Pneumatic tire Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4743956B2
JP4743956B2 JP2000387087A JP2000387087A JP4743956B2 JP 4743956 B2 JP4743956 B2 JP 4743956B2 JP 2000387087 A JP2000387087 A JP 2000387087A JP 2000387087 A JP2000387087 A JP 2000387087A JP 4743956 B2 JP4743956 B2 JP 4743956B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sipe
block
convex
cross
pneumatic tire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2000387087A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002187412A (en
Inventor
稔之 大橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyo Tire Corp
Original Assignee
Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd filed Critical Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000387087A priority Critical patent/JP4743956B2/en
Publication of JP2002187412A publication Critical patent/JP2002187412A/en
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Publication of JP4743956B2 publication Critical patent/JP4743956B2/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1204Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
    • B60C11/1218Three-dimensional shape with regard to depth and extending direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1204Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
    • B60C2011/1213Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe sinusoidal or zigzag at the tread surface

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、少なくとも1本のサイプを形成したブロックを複数有するトレッドパターンを備えた空気入りタイヤに関し、特にスタッドレスタイヤとして有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、スタッドレスタイヤのアイス性能を向上させる目的で、タイヤパターンの各部(センター部、メディエイト部、ショルダー部)に複数のサイプを配置したものが知られている。かかるサイプの形状としては、サイプの深さ方向に形状が変化しない平面又は波型のサイプが従来は一般的であった。このようなサイプをブロックに形成することにより、エッジ効果、除水効果、及び凝着効果が向上するため、サイプの本数は近年増加する傾向にあった。
【0003】
しかし、サイプの本数を増やしてサイプ密度を高めていくと、エッジ数は増えるものの、ブロック全体の剛性が低下してサイプが過度に倒れ込むことにより、逆にエッジ効果が小さくなり、アイス性能も低下するという問題が生じる。このため、サイプの形状を深さ方向で変化させて、サイプの倒れ込みを抑制した、いわゆる3次元サイプが近年注目されている。
【0004】
例えば、特開平5−58118号公報には、サイプの倒れ込みを抑制すべく、図5に示すように、ブロック1に少なくとも1本のタイヤ幅方向のサイプ10を設け、そのサイプ10内の互いに対面する合面の一方に凸部20を形成し、他方に該凸部に噛み合うディンプルを形成したスタッドレスタイヤが提案されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のスタッドレスタイヤでは、合面の一方に凸部のみを形成するため、倒れ込み抑制作用がブロックの倒れ込みの方向により異なるため、何れかの方向の倒れ込み抑制作用が不十分になるという問題がある。即ち、凸部の突出側へのブロックの倒れ込みには凸部とディンプルとの係合部の圧接力が大きくなって、倒れ込み抑制作用が大きくなるのに対して、逆方向の倒れ込みには凸部とディンプルとの係合部の圧接力が小さくなって、倒れ込み抑制作用も小さくなる。また、平面サイプ(直線サイプ)を前提とするため、波型サイプと比較して、エッジ効果の方向が制限されるという欠点もある。
【0006】
一方、サイプの全面を、凹部と凸部を有する3次元サイプによって形成することも可能であるが、ブロックの変形(倒れ込み)が過度に抑制されて、かえってエッジ効果が発現しにくくなるという問題が生じる。
【0007】
そこで、本発明の目的は、波型サイプの長所を生かしつつ、ブロックの倒れ込みを適度に抑制し、しかもブロックの倒れ込み方向によりその抑制効果が左右されにくいため、エッジ効果を好適に発現することができる空気入りタイヤを提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は、下記の如き本発明により達成できる。即ち、本発明の空気入りタイヤは、少なくとも1本のサイプを形成したブロックを複数有するトレッドパターンを備えた空気入りタイヤにおいて、前記サイプは、サイプ壁面がブロック表面から深さ方向に延び横断面形状が波状又はジグザグ状で振幅が深さ方向に略一定となる第1サイプ部と、その第1サイプ部より深い位置に配置され球面状の凹部と球面状の凸部とが形成されている第2サイプ部とを備え、前記第1サイプ部がブロック表面から深さ1〜3mmの範囲内に形成されていることを特徴とする。
【0009】
上記において、前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹凸の周期と、前記第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部とを形成する横方向の周期とを略一致させてあることが好ましい。
【0010】
その際、前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹部の下端を、前記第2サイプ部の上端に設けた凹部に連続させると共に、前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凸部の下端を、前記第2サイプ部の上端に設けた凸部に連続させてあることが好ましい。
【0011】
[作用効果]
本発明によると、ブロック表面から深さ方向に延び横断面形状が波状又はジグザグ状の第1サイプ部を有するため、いわゆる波型サイプの長所を生かすことができる。また、凹部と凸部とが形成されている第2サイプ部を有するため、ブロックの倒れ込みを抑制することができ、しかもブロックの倒れ込み方向によりその抑制効果が左右されにくい。その際、第1サイプ部がブロック表面から適当な深さの範囲に形成されているため、第1サイプ部に隣接するブロックに適度な変形(適度な倒れ込み)が生じるため、その変形によってエッジ効果が確保し易くなる。その結果、波型サイプの長所を生かしつつ、ブロックの倒れ込みを適度に抑制し、しかもブロックの倒れ込み方向によりその抑制効果が左右されにくいため、エッジ効果を好適に発現することができるようになる。
【0012】
また、前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹凸の周期と、前記第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部とを形成する横方向の周期とを略一致させてある場合、第1サイプ部と第2サイプ部との境界部分をスムーズな形状で連続させ易くなり、タイヤが境界部分付近まで摩耗する際にも、意匠性を損ないにくく、またブロックの破損が生じにくくなる。また、脱型の際の変形部分がより少なくなるため、脱型性もより良好になる。
【0013】
その際に前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹部の下端を、前記第2サイプ部の上端に設けた凹部に連続させると共に、同様に凸部同士を連続させてある場合、第1サイプ部と第2サイプ部との境界部分がスムーズな形状となり、摩耗時の意匠性や、脱型性をより確実に向上させることができる。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、図1に示すように、少なくとも1本のサイプ10を形成したブロック1を複数有するトレッドパターンTを備える。本実施形態では、周方向溝2と横溝3,5と斜溝4により区分されたブロック1が形成され、タイヤ幅方向に6列のブロック1が配列されている例を示す。
【0015】
各々のブロック1には、タイヤ幅方向に向けて複数列のサイプ10が形成されており、各々のサイプ10の両端は、ブロック1に隣接する溝に開口しているが、それに限定されるものではなく、ブロック1の側壁から露出せずにブロック1の側壁の内側に留めたり、片側のみを留めたりと、パターン構成によって適宜使い分けることができる。
【0016】
図2は、本発明におけるブロックの要部を示す一部破断した斜視図である。この図2では、ブロック1の一部を破断してサイプ10の内面を露出させており、その内面の凹凸が分かり易いように、−記号と+記号を付してある。
【0017】
本発明におけるサイプ10は、図2に示すように、サイプ壁面14がブロック表面から深さ方向に延びる第1サイプ部11を有し、この第1サイプ部11の横断面形状は波状又はジグザグ状となっている。この横断面形状としては正弦波に近いものに限られず、直線と曲線とを交互に組み合わせた波線や矩形波に近いもの等、何れの形状でもよい。
【0018】
第1サイプ部11の波状又はジグザグ状の形状における凹凸の周期(例えば凸−凸頂部間の距離)は、いわゆる波型サイプの特性を好適に発現する上で1.5〜5mmが好ましく、振幅(両側頂部の高さの和)は1.5〜5mmが好ましい。
【0019】
また、第1サイプ部11より深い位置には、凹部12aと凸部12bとが交互に形成されている第2サイプ部12が配置されている。なお、図3の(I)〜(III)は、図2におけるI−I矢視断面、II−II矢視断面、 III−III 矢視断面を夫々示している。
【0020】
本実施形態では、図2〜図3に示すように、第1サイプ部11の横断面形状の凹凸の周期と、第2サイプ部12の凹部12aと凸部12bとを形成する横方向の周期とを略一致させてあり、その際に、第1サイプ部11の横断面形状の凹部11aの下端を、第2サイプ部12の上端に設けた凹部12aに連続させると共に、第1サイプ部11の横断面形状の凸部11bの下端を、第2サイプ部12の上端に設けた凸部12bに連続させてある例を示す。
【0021】
次に、図4に基づいて、各部のサイズについて説明する。なお、図4では、各部のサイズを説明し易いように、図3(I)とは、若干異なる形状を示している。
【0022】
本発明における第1サイプ部11は、ブロック表面から深さW1が1〜3mmの範囲内に形成されており、好ましくはブロック表面から深さW1が1.5〜2.5mmの範囲内である。深さW1が1mm未満では、ブロックの適度な変形によるエッジ効果の発現が困難になり、逆に深さW1が3mmを超えるとブロックの倒れ込みが大きくなり、エッジ効果も小さくなる。
【0023】
サイプ10の溝幅W2は、ブロックの倒れ込みを適度に抑制しながら、エッジ効果を好適に発現する上で、0.2〜0.7mmが好ましく、0.2〜0.4mmがより好ましい。なお、サイプ全体の溝深さは、主溝深さの40〜80%が好ましい。
【0024】
第2サイプ部12の凹部12aと凸部12bとの大きさは、対向する内面が十分な係合力を得る上で、縦幅W3が0.5〜2mm、同様に横幅も0.5〜2mmが好ましい。凹部12aと凸部12bとの最大深さDは、対向する内面が十分な係合力を得ながら脱型性を維持する上で、0.5〜2mmが好ましく、0.5〜1.5mmがより好ましい。また、本発明では、凹部12aと凸部12bとの間隔W4を0mmとして凹部12aと凸部12bとをスムーズに連続させるのが好ましい。
【0025】
本発明では、第2サイプ部12によるブロック1の倒れ込み抑制効果が大きいため、サイプ10の本数を増やしてサイプ密度を高めることで、エッジ数を増やしてエッジ効果を更に高めることができる。このような観点から本発明では、サイプ密度0.1〜0.3mm/mm2 が好ましく、0.15〜0.25mm/mm2 がより好ましい。
【0026】
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、上記の如きトレッドパターンTを備える以外は、通常の空気入りタイヤと同等であり、従来公知の材料、形状、構造、製法などが何れも本発明に採用できる。
【0027】
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、前述の如き作用効果を奏し、アイス性能に優れるため、特にスタッドレスタイヤとして有用である。
【0028】
[他の実施形態]
以下、本発明の他の実施の形態について説明する。
【0029】
(1)前述の実施形態では、第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部とが上下・左右に交互に規則正しく形成されている例を示したが、ランダムに配置されたり、配置の規則性が異なるものでもよい。但し、凹部と凸部とが上下又は左右に交互に規則正しく形成されているのが好ましく、その数や形状・大きさによって、凹部と凸部とがある程度バランスされているのが好ましい。
【0030】
また、他の配置としては、第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部とを左右(横方向)に交互に形成しながら、上下(深さ方向)には凹部又は凸部の何れかだけとするものや、逆に上下にのみ交互に形成するもの、あるいは、正方形の四隅に配置せずに正三角形などの配置としてもよい。
【0031】
(2)本発明では、第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部との形状が、球面状である。
【0032】
また、第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部との縦横幅、最大深さを、それらが設けられる位置によって変化させてもよい。例えば溝底に深い位置ほど縦横幅、最大深さを、大きく又は小さくしてもよい。
【0033】
(3)前述の実施形態では、図2及び図3に示すように、第1サイプ部11と第2サイプ部12との横方向の凹凸の周期を一致させて、第1サイプ部11の横断面形状の凹部11aの下端を、第2サイプ部12の上端に設けた凹部12aに連続させると共に、凸部11bの下端を凸部12bに連続させてある例を示したが、第1サイプ部と第2サイプ部の横方向の凹凸の周期は一致していなくてもよい。
【0034】
また、第1サイプ部の下端と第2サイプ部の凹部又は凸部とは、連続していなくてもよい。その場合、第1サイプ部の下端をその振幅が徐々に小さくなる形状にするのが好ましい。また、第1サイプ部の下端と第2サイプ部の上端との中間に両部の連続をスムーズにするような中間部を設けてもよい。なお、図1に示すように、サイプ10の両端又は一端には、平面状のサイプ部を有していてもよい。
【0035】
(4)前述の実施形態では、図1に示すようなブロックパターンの例を示したが、この形状のブロックに限らず、平行四辺形、V字型、5角形、又は曲線基調のブロックでもよい。また、中央付近や端部近傍まで溝の入ったブロックや一部の陸部が周方向に連続するものでもよい。
【0036】
(5)前述の実施形態では、図1に示すように、タイヤ幅方向に向けて複数列のサイプが形成された例を示したが、サイプの形成方向(中央線の方向)は、タイヤ幅方向と平行に限られるものではない。但し、中央線の方向とタイヤ幅方向とがなす角度は0〜45°が好ましい。
【0037】
(6)前述の実施形態では、図2に示すように、サイプがブロック表面に対して垂直になるように形成された例を示したが、ブロック表面の法線に対してサイプが若干(例えば15°以下)傾斜していてもよい。
【0038】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の構成と効果を具体的に示す実施例等について説明する。なお、タイヤの各性能評価は、次のようにして行った。
【0039】
(1)アイス制動性能
タイヤを実車(国産2000ccクラスのFFセダン)に装着し、1名乗車の荷重条件にて、凍結した路面を走行させ、速度40km/hで制動力をかけてフルロックした際の制動距離を指数で評価した。なお、評価は従来品(比較例1)を100としたときの指数表示で示し、数値が大きいほど良好な結果を示す。
【0040】
(2)アイス旋回性能
タイヤを上記と同じ実車に装着し、1名乗車の荷重条件で同じ路面をレムニスケート曲線(8の字曲線:R=25m円)にて走行し、そのラップタイムを指数で評価した。なお、評価は従来品(比較例1)を100としたときの指数表示で示し、数値が大きいほど良好な結果を示す。
【0041】
(3)耐摩耗性能
舗装道路を8000km走行したときの段差摩耗量(摩耗によるサイプとサイプとの段差)を測定し、指数で評価した。なお、評価は従来品(比較例1)を100としたときの指数表示で示し、数値が大きいほど良好な結果を示す。
【0042】
実施例1
図1に示すようなトレッドパターンにおいて、図2〜図3のような形状のサイプを下記のサイズにて形成してサイズ195/65R15のラジアルタイヤを製造した。このタイヤを用いて、上記の各性能評価を行った結果を表1に示す。
【0043】
サイプ深さを7mm、溝幅を0.3mm、第1サイプ部の振幅1.5mm、周期4.0mm、ブロック表面から深さ1.5mm、第2サイプ部の凹部・凸部の最大深さ1.0mm、縦横幅2.0mm、縦横の周期4.0mm、形状球面、とした。
【0044】
比較例1(従来品)
実施例1において、第2サイプ部を第1サイプ部と同じ形状・サイズとしたこと(従来の波型サイプ)以外は、実施例1と同様にして、サイズ195/65R15のラジアルタイヤを製造し、上記の各性能評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0045】
比較例2
実施例1において、第2サイプ部の上方に第1サイプ部を設ける代わりに、平面サイプをブロック表面から同じ深さ(1.5mm)まで形成すること以外は、実施例1と同様にして、サイズ195/65R15のラジアルタイヤを製造し、上記の各性能評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0046】
比較例3
実施例1において、第1サイプ部を設ける代わりに、全体を第2サイプ部のみで形成すること以外は、実施例1と同様にして、サイズ195/65R15のラジアルタイヤを製造し、上記の各性能評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0047】
比較例4
実施例1において、第1サイプ部をブロック表面から深さ5mmまで設けた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、サイズ195/65R15のラジアルタイヤを製造し、上記の各性能評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0048】
【表1】

Figure 0004743956
表1の結果が示すように、実施例ではブロックの倒れ込みの適度な抑制効果により、アイス制動性能、アイス旋回性能及び耐摩耗性能が従来品より良好であった。これに対して、第1サイプ部を平面で形成した比較例2では、エッジ効果が不十分となり、アイス性能が低下した。また、第1サイプ部を形成していない比較例3では、ブロックの倒れ込みの抑制効果が大きくなりすぎて、エッジ効果が低く、アイス性能低下となった。更に、第1サイプ部の幅が広過ぎる比較例4では、ブロックの倒れ込みの抑制効果が小さく何れの性能についても改善効果が小さかった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の空気入りタイヤの一例のトレッド面を示す平面図
【図2】本発明におけるブロックの要部を示す一部破断した斜視図
【図3】、図2における断面図であり、(I)はI−I矢視断面図、(II)はII−II矢視断面図、(III )はIII −III 矢視断面図
【図4】本発明における各部のサイズを説明するための要部拡大図
【図5】従来のサイプの例を示す一部断面で示した要部の斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 ブロック
10 サイプ
11 第1サイプ部
12 第2サイプ部
12a 凹部
12b 凸部
14 サイプ壁面
T トレッドパターン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire having a tread pattern having a plurality of blocks each having at least one sipe, and is particularly useful as a studless tire.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to improve the ice performance of a studless tire, a tire pattern in which a plurality of sipes are arranged in each part (center part, mediate part, shoulder part) is known. As a shape of such a sipe, a flat or corrugated sipe whose shape does not change in the depth direction of the sipe has been generally used. By forming such sipes in blocks, the edge effect, the water removal effect, and the adhesion effect are improved, so the number of sipes has tended to increase in recent years.
[0003]
However, increasing the number of sipe and increasing the sipe density increases the number of edges, but the rigidity of the entire block decreases and the sipe collapses excessively, conversely the edge effect decreases and ice performance also decreases Problem arises. For this reason, attention has recently been paid to so-called three-dimensional sipe, in which the shape of the sipe is changed in the depth direction to suppress the sipe collapse.
[0004]
For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-58118, in order to suppress the collapse of the sipe, as shown in FIG. 5, at least one sipe 10 in the tire width direction is provided in the block 1, and the sipe 10 faces each other. There has been proposed a studless tire in which a convex portion 20 is formed on one of the mating surfaces and a dimple engaged with the convex portion is formed on the other.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above studless tire, since only the convex portion is formed on one of the mating surfaces, the fall-suppressing action differs depending on the direction of the fall-down of the block. is there. That is, when the block falls to the protruding side of the convex part, the press-contact force of the engaging part between the convex part and the dimple increases, and the fall-suppressing action increases. The press-contact force of the engaging portion between the dimple and the dimple is reduced, and the fall-down suppressing action is also reduced. Further, since a plane sipe (straight sipe) is assumed, there is a disadvantage that the direction of the edge effect is limited as compared with the wave sipe.
[0006]
On the other hand, the entire surface of the sipe can be formed by a three-dimensional sipe having a concave portion and a convex portion. However, the deformation (falling down) of the block is excessively suppressed, and the edge effect is hardly exhibited. Arise.
[0007]
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to appropriately suppress the falling of the block while taking advantage of the wave-shaped sipe, and the effect of suppressing it is less influenced by the direction of the falling of the block. It is to provide a pneumatic tire that can be used.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object can be achieved by the present invention as described below. That is, the pneumatic tire of the present invention is a pneumatic tire provided with a tread pattern having a plurality of blocks each having at least one sipe, and the sipe has a cross-sectional shape in which a sipe wall surface extends from a block surface in a depth direction. There a first sipe portion is substantially constant in amplitude depth corrugated or zigzag-shaped, first with its first disposed deeper than sipe portion spherical concave and spherical convex portion is formed 2 sipe portions, wherein the first sipe portion is formed within a range of 1 to 3 mm in depth from the block surface.
[0009]
In the above, it is preferable that the period of the unevenness of the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe part and the period of the lateral direction forming the concave part and the convex part of the second sipe part are substantially matched.
[0010]
At that time, the lower end of the concave portion of the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion is continued to the concave portion provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion, and the lower end of the convex portion of the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion, It is preferable that the second sipe portion is continuous with a convex portion provided at the upper end.
[0011]
[Function and effect]
According to the present invention, the first sipe portion extending in the depth direction from the block surface and having a wavy or zigzag cross section has the advantage of the so-called wave sipe. Moreover, since it has the 2nd sipe part in which the recessed part and the convex part are formed, the fall of a block can be suppressed and the suppression effect is hard to be influenced by the fall direction of a block. At that time, since the first sipe part is formed in a range of an appropriate depth from the block surface, an appropriate deformation (appropriate falling) occurs in the block adjacent to the first sipe part. Is easier to secure. As a result, while taking advantage of the wave-shaped sipe, the collapse of the block is moderately suppressed, and the suppression effect is hardly influenced by the collapse direction of the block, so that the edge effect can be suitably expressed.
[0012]
Further, when the period of the unevenness of the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe part and the period of the horizontal direction forming the concave part and the convex part of the second sipe part are substantially matched, the first sipe part and the first sipe part The boundary portion between the two sipe portions is easily made continuous with a smooth shape, and the design is not easily impaired even when the tire is worn to the vicinity of the boundary portion, and the block is not easily damaged. Moreover, since there are fewer deformed parts at the time of demolding, the demolding property is also improved.
[0013]
At this time, when the lower end of the concave portion having the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion is made continuous with the concave portion provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion, and the convex portions are similarly made continuous, the first sipe portion The boundary portion between the second sipe portion and the second sipe portion has a smooth shape, and the designability and demoldability during wear can be improved more reliably.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pneumatic tire of the present invention includes a tread pattern T having a plurality of blocks 1 in which at least one sipe 10 is formed. In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which blocks 1 divided by circumferential grooves 2, lateral grooves 3, 5 and oblique grooves 4 are formed, and six rows of blocks 1 are arranged in the tire width direction.
[0015]
Each block 1 is formed with a plurality of rows of sipes 10 in the tire width direction, and both ends of each of the sipes 10 are open in grooves adjacent to the block 1, but are not limited thereto. Instead, it can be properly used depending on the pattern configuration, for example, it is not exposed from the side wall of the block 1 but is fastened inside the side wall of the block 1 or only one side is fastened.
[0016]
FIG. 2 is a partially broken perspective view showing the main part of the block according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, a part of the block 1 is broken to expose the inner surface of the sipe 10, and the − symbol and the + symbol are attached so that the unevenness of the inner surface can be easily understood.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 2, the sipe 10 according to the present invention has a first sipe portion 11 having a sipe wall surface 14 extending in the depth direction from the block surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion 11 is a wave shape or a zigzag shape. It has become. The cross-sectional shape is not limited to a shape close to a sine wave, and may be any shape such as a wavy line obtained by alternately combining straight lines and curves, or a shape close to a rectangular wave.
[0018]
The period of unevenness (for example, the distance between the convex and convex tops) in the wavy or zigzag shape of the first sipe part 11 is preferably 1.5 to 5 mm for suitably expressing the characteristics of the so-called wave sipe. The sum of the heights of the tops on both sides is preferably 1.5 to 5 mm.
[0019]
Further, at a position deeper than the first sipe portion 11, a second sipe portion 12 in which concave portions 12a and convex portions 12b are alternately formed is disposed. In addition, (I)-(III) of FIG. 3 has each shown the II arrow directional cross section, II-II arrow directional cross section, and III-III arrow directional cross section in FIG.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the period of the unevenness of the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe part 11 and the period of the lateral direction that forms the concave part 12 a and the convex part 12 b of the second sipe part 12. In this case, the lower end of the concave portion 11a having the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion 11 is connected to the concave portion 12a provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion 12, and the first sipe portion 11 An example is shown in which the lower end of the convex portion 11b having a cross-sectional shape is connected to the convex portion 12b provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion 12.
[0021]
Next, the size of each part will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows a slightly different shape from FIG. 3 (I) so that the size of each part can be easily explained.
[0022]
The first sipe part 11 in the present invention is formed with a depth W1 within a range of 1 to 3 mm from the block surface, and preferably a depth W1 within a range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm from the block surface. . If the depth W1 is less than 1 mm, it will be difficult to develop an edge effect due to appropriate deformation of the block. Conversely, if the depth W1 exceeds 3 mm, the block will fall down and the edge effect will be reduced.
[0023]
The groove width W2 of the sipe 10 is preferably 0.2 to 0.7 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 mm, in order to appropriately express the edge effect while appropriately suppressing the collapse of the block. The groove depth of the entire sipe is preferably 40 to 80% of the main groove depth.
[0024]
The size of the concave portion 12a and the convex portion 12b of the second sipe portion 12 is such that the opposing inner surface obtains a sufficient engaging force, the vertical width W3 is 0.5 to 2 mm, and the horizontal width is also 0.5 to 2 mm. Is preferred. The maximum depth D of the concave portion 12a and the convex portion 12b is preferably 0.5 to 2 mm, and preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm, in order to maintain the demolding property while the opposing inner surfaces obtain sufficient engagement force. More preferred. Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to make the space | interval W4 of the recessed part 12a and the convex part 12b 0 mm, and to make the recessed part 12a and the convex part 12b continue smoothly.
[0025]
In the present invention, the effect of suppressing the collapse of the block 1 by the second sipe portion 12 is great, and therefore the edge effect can be further enhanced by increasing the number of edges and increasing the sipe density to increase the number of edges. From such a viewpoint, in the present invention, a sipe density of 0.1 to 0.3 mm / mm 2 is preferable, and 0.15 to 0.25 mm / mm 2 is more preferable.
[0026]
The pneumatic tire of the present invention is the same as a normal pneumatic tire except that it includes the tread pattern T as described above, and any conventionally known material, shape, structure, manufacturing method, and the like can be employed in the present invention.
[0027]
The pneumatic tire of the present invention is particularly useful as a studless tire because it exhibits the effects as described above and is excellent in ice performance.
[0028]
[Other Embodiments]
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0029]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the concave portion and the convex portion of the second sipe portion are regularly and alternately formed up and down and left and right has been shown. However, the second sipe portion is randomly arranged or has different arrangement regularity. But you can. However, it is preferable that the concave portions and the convex portions are regularly and alternately formed vertically and horizontally, and it is preferable that the concave portions and the convex portions are balanced to some extent depending on the number, shape, and size.
[0030]
As another arrangement, the concave portion and the convex portion of the second sipe portion are alternately formed in the left and right (lateral direction), and only the concave portion or the convex portion is provided in the vertical direction (depth direction). Or, conversely, they may be alternately formed only in the upper and lower directions, or may be arranged in the form of equilateral triangles instead of being arranged at the four corners of the square.
[0031]
(2) In the present invention, the shape of the concave portion and the convex portion of the second sipe portion, Ru spherical der.
[0032]
Moreover, you may change the vertical / horizontal width and the maximum depth of the recessed part and convex part of a 2nd sipe part according to the position in which they are provided. For example, the vertical and horizontal width and the maximum depth may be increased or decreased as the position is deeper in the groove bottom.
[0033]
(3) In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first sipe portion 11 crosses the first sipe portion 11 by matching the period of unevenness in the lateral direction between the first sipe portion 11 and the second sipe portion 12. Although the lower end of the surface-shaped concave portion 11a is made continuous with the concave portion 12a provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion 12, and the lower end of the convex portion 11b is made continuous with the convex portion 12b, the first sipe portion is shown. And the period of the unevenness in the lateral direction of the second sipe part do not have to match.
[0034]
Further, the lower end of the first sipe portion and the concave portion or the convex portion of the second sipe portion may not be continuous. In that case, it is preferable to make the lower end of the first sipe part into a shape in which the amplitude gradually decreases. Moreover, you may provide the intermediate part which makes continuation of both parts smooth in the middle of the lower end of a 1st sipe part, and the upper end of a 2nd sipe part. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, you may have a planar sipe part in the both ends or one end of the sipe 10. As shown in FIG.
[0035]
(4) In the above-described embodiment, an example of a block pattern as shown in FIG. 1 is shown, but the block is not limited to this shape, and may be a parallelogram, V-shaped, pentagonal, or curved block. . In addition, a grooved block or a part of land portion may be continuous in the circumferential direction near the center or near the end.
[0036]
(5) In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which a plurality of rows of sipes are formed in the tire width direction is shown. However, the sipe forming direction (the direction of the center line) is the tire width. It is not limited to parallel to the direction. However, the angle formed by the direction of the center line and the tire width direction is preferably 0 to 45 °.
[0037]
(6) In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an example in which the sipe is formed so as to be perpendicular to the block surface is shown. (15 ° or less) may be inclined.
[0038]
【Example】
Examples and the like specifically showing the configuration and effects of the present invention will be described below. In addition, each performance evaluation of the tire was performed as follows.
[0039]
(1) Ice braking performance tires were mounted on a real vehicle (domestic 2000cc class FF sedan), and the vehicle was fully locked by applying braking force at a speed of 40km / h while running on a frozen road under the load conditions of one passenger. The braking distance was evaluated with an index. In addition, evaluation is shown by an index display when the conventional product (Comparative Example 1) is set to 100, and a larger value indicates a better result.
[0040]
(2) Ice turning performance tires are mounted on the same actual vehicle as above and run on the same road surface under the load conditions of one passenger riding on the Lemnis skate curve (eight curve: R = 25m yen), and the lap time is evaluated as an index. did. In addition, evaluation is shown by an index display when the conventional product (Comparative Example 1) is set to 100, and a larger value indicates a better result.
[0041]
(3) Abrasion resistance performance The amount of step wear (step difference between sipe and sipe due to wear) when traveling on a paved road for 8000 km was measured and evaluated by an index. In addition, evaluation is shown by an index display when the conventional product (Comparative Example 1) is set to 100, and a larger value indicates a better result.
[0042]
Example 1
A radial tire having a size of 195 / 65R15 was manufactured by forming a sipe having a shape as shown in FIGS. Table 1 shows the results of each performance evaluation described above using this tire.
[0043]
The sipe depth is 7 mm, the groove width is 0.3 mm, the amplitude of the first sipe part is 1.5 mm, the period is 4.0 mm, the depth from the block surface is 1.5 mm, and the maximum depth of the concave and convex parts of the second sipe part 1.0 mm, vertical and horizontal width 2.0 mm, vertical and horizontal period 4.0 mm, and spherical shape.
[0044]
Comparative example 1 (conventional product)
In Example 1, a radial tire of size 195 / 65R15 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second sipe part had the same shape and size as the first sipe part (conventional corrugated sipe). Each of the above performance evaluations was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0045]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, instead of providing the first sipe part above the second sipe part, in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plane sipe is formed from the block surface to the same depth (1.5 mm), A radial tire of size 195 / 65R15 was manufactured, and each performance evaluation described above was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0046]
Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, instead of providing the first sipe part, a radial tire of size 195 / 65R15 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the whole was formed only by the second sipe part. Performance evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0047]
Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, a radial tire of size 195 / 65R15 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first sipe portion was provided from the block surface to a depth of 5 mm, and each performance evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0048]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004743956
As shown in the results of Table 1, in the examples, the ice braking performance, ice turning performance, and wear resistance performance were better than the conventional products due to the moderate suppression effect of the block collapse. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2 in which the first sipe portion was formed with a flat surface, the edge effect became insufficient and the ice performance deteriorated. Moreover, in the comparative example 3 which has not formed the 1st sipe part, the inhibitory effect of the fall of a block became large too much, the edge effect was low, and it became ice performance fall. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 4 in which the width of the first sipe portion was too wide, the effect of suppressing the block collapse was small, and the improvement effect was small for any performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a tread surface of an example of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially broken perspective view showing a main part of a block according to the present invention. , (I) is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow II, (II) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II, and (III) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the main part shown in a partial cross section showing an example of a conventional sipe.
1 block 10 sipe 11 first sipe part 12 second sipe part 12a concave part 12b convex part
14 Sipe wall T Tread pattern

Claims (3)

少なくとも1本のサイプを形成したブロックを複数有するトレッドパターンを備えた空気入りタイヤにおいて、
前記サイプは、サイプ壁面がブロック表面から深さ方向に延び横断面形状が波状又はジグザグ状で振幅が深さ方向に略一定となる第1サイプ部と、その第1サイプ部より深い位置に配置され球面状の凹部と球面状の凸部とが形成されている第2サイプ部とを備え、前記第1サイプ部がブロック表面から深さ1〜3mmの範囲内に形成されていることを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。
In a pneumatic tire provided with a tread pattern having a plurality of blocks formed with at least one sipe,
The sipe is disposed at a position deeper than the first sipe portion, with a sipe wall surface extending in the depth direction from the block surface, the cross-sectional shape being wavy or zigzag, and the amplitude being substantially constant in the depth direction. And a second sipe portion in which a spherical concave portion and a spherical convex portion are formed, wherein the first sipe portion is formed within a range of 1 to 3 mm in depth from the block surface. And pneumatic tires.
前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹凸の周期と、前記第2サイプ部の凹部と凸部とを形成する横方向の周期とを略一致させてある請求項1記載の空気入りタイヤ。  2. The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein a period of unevenness in a cross-sectional shape of the first sipe part is substantially coincided with a period of a lateral direction forming a concave part and a convex part of the second sipe part. 前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凹部の下端を、前記第2サイプ部の上端に設けた凹部に連続させると共に、前記第1サイプ部の横断面形状の凸部の下端を、前記第2サイプ部の上端に設けた凸部に連続させてある請求項2記載の空気入りタイヤ。  The lower end of the concave portion having the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion is continued to the concave portion provided at the upper end of the second sipe portion, and the lower end of the convex portion having the cross-sectional shape of the first sipe portion is set to the second shape. The pneumatic tire according to claim 2, wherein the pneumatic tire is continuous with a convex portion provided at an upper end of the sipe portion.
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