JP4742390B2 - Electric motor built-in hub for rotary wing aircraft, and rotary wing aircraft using the same - Google Patents

Electric motor built-in hub for rotary wing aircraft, and rotary wing aircraft using the same Download PDF

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JP4742390B2
JP4742390B2 JP2009166121A JP2009166121A JP4742390B2 JP 4742390 B2 JP4742390 B2 JP 4742390B2 JP 2009166121 A JP2009166121 A JP 2009166121A JP 2009166121 A JP2009166121 A JP 2009166121A JP 4742390 B2 JP4742390 B2 JP 4742390B2
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▲栄▼之 守田
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本発明はヘリコプターやオートジャイロの様な回転翼航空機の回転翼を支えるハブ内部に電動機を取り付けて機体内部からの動力伝達機械系統を省略した電動機内臓ハブと、それを用いた回転翼航空機の構成に関する。  The present invention relates to a motor-built-in hub in which an electric motor is mounted inside a hub that supports a rotor blade of a rotorcraft such as a helicopter or an autogyro, and a power transmission mechanical system from the inside of the fuselage is omitted, and a configuration of a rotorcraft using the same About.

ヘリコプターは動力源が機体内部にあり機外上部の回転翼に動力伝達するのに回転軸が機体を貫通する不都合がある。また動力源である内燃機関の回転数が高く、そのためトランス・ミッションやクラッチ、フリーホイールが必須であり、更にはテールロータへの動力伝達駆動軸系が相当複雑である。これら複雑な動力系統と同居するスワッシュプレートを用いた操縦系統も複雑になる。当然ながら伝達効率の悪化、騒音、振動などの問題も大きく、重量も重くなり、初期費用も大きく、保守・維持費など高価になり、従って現在では用途上も軍や政府、地方自冶体、一部大企業の所有に限られている場合が多い。
一方、オートジャイロ(ジャイロプレーン、風車飛行機、ジャイロコプタ等の呼び方があるようであるが本申請ではオートジャイロに統一する)は内燃機関駆動のプロペラによる前進推力を得て風車の様に回転翼を自転させ、それによって揚力を得て飛行するのもで機構は簡単で従って安価で保守、維持費も少なくて済む。しかしながら離着陸には滑走する必要があり、垂直に離着陸する性能(Vertical Take Off and Landing:VTOL性と称する)が無い為スカイスポーツ分野を除いてはヘリコプターに取って変わられた現状にある。
The helicopter has a disadvantage that the rotating shaft penetrates the fuselage because the power source is inside the fuselage and power is transmitted to the rotor blades at the upper part of the aircraft. Further, the internal combustion engine, which is a power source, has a high rotation speed, so that transmission, clutch, and free wheel are essential, and the power transmission drive shaft system to the tail rotor is considerably complicated. The control system using the swash plate that coexists with these complicated power systems is also complicated. Of course, problems such as transmission efficiency deterioration, noise, vibration, etc. are also big, heavy, heavy initial costs, expensive maintenance and maintenance costs, so now it is also used for military, government, local self-machine, In many cases, it is limited to the ownership of large companies.
On the other hand, an auto gyro (which seems to be called a gyroplane, a windmill airplane, a gyrocopter, etc., but in this application is unified with an autogyroscope) obtains forward thrust by a propeller driven by an internal combustion engine, and rotates like a windmill. The mechanism is simple and therefore inexpensive and maintenance and maintenance costs are low. However, it is necessary to glide for takeoff and landing, and since it does not have the ability to take off and land vertically (called Vertical Take Off and Landing: VTOL), it has been replaced by a helicopter except in the sky sports field.

[電池と化石燃料のエネルギー密度について現状]
現在では二次電池の技術はリチュムイオン電池、ニッケル水素電池など、様々な高性能電池、更には電気二重層キャパシターと言う電気エネルギーはそれ程大きくはないが高電圧、高速充放電の特性を持つもの等で高性能の組電池(本申請ではそれら単独または組み合わせを含めて、単に二次電池系5と称する)を構成でき短時間の離着陸なら充分使用に耐える水準にある。それでも全飛行時間を今のヘリコプターの様に二次電池系のみで飛行出来るかというと、模型機を別にすれば有人機、ないしはそれと同等か少し小さい規模の無線操縦・無人機でも現在の技術水準では相当困難である。
他方、ガソリン等の化石燃料のエネルギー密度は電池のそれに比して極めて大きい。従ってガスタービンやガソリン・エンジン等の内燃機関で機載の発電機を回しこの電源で回転翼を駆動する、つまりシリーズ・ハイブリッド化するか、または後述の様に垂直離着陸等のみの使用に限る飛行モード転換式の用法を採用すれば二次電池系の電池容量の心配は解消する。
[Current status of energy density of batteries and fossil fuels]
At present, secondary battery technologies include various high-performance batteries such as lithium-ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, and electric double layer capacitors that do not have much electrical energy but have high voltage and high-speed charge / discharge characteristics. And a high-performance assembled battery (in the present application, including a single battery or a combination thereof, simply referred to as a secondary battery system 5) can be constructed, and it is at a level that can sufficiently withstand use for a short take-off and landing. Still, if you can fly with only a secondary battery system like the current helicopter, you can fly with a manned aircraft, or a radio control / unmanned aircraft of the same size or a little smaller, apart from a model aircraft Then it is quite difficult.
On the other hand, the energy density of fossil fuels such as gasoline is much higher than that of batteries. Therefore, the internal power generation engine such as a gas turbine or gasoline engine is operated and the rotor is driven by this power source, that is, the series is hybridized, or the flight is limited to the vertical take-off and landing as described later. Adopting a mode-switching type will eliminate the worry about secondary battery capacity.

[両原動機特性と電力制御の現状について]
回転翼航空機の回転翼は相当の高トルク、低回転で回す必要があるが直流電動機動力特性は比較的これに向いている。且つ直流機のブラシ問題も半導体によるブラシレスで解決しており、その電圧、周波数と言う特性制御もインバーター、VVVF、サイクロコンバータなど種々のパワーエレクトロニクスの半導体利用技術進歩で問題ない(本申請ではこれらの電動機制御装置を全て含めて電力制御装置15と称する)。一方内燃機関の動力特性はプロペラの様な高回転のものを回すには比較的優れている。
[About the characteristics of both prime movers and power control]
The rotor blades of a rotary wing aircraft need to be rotated with considerably high torque and low rotation, but the DC motor power characteristics are relatively suitable. In addition, the brush problem of DC machines has been solved without brushing by semiconductors, and the characteristics control of voltage and frequency has no problem with the progress of semiconductor application technology of various power electronics such as inverters, VVVF, cycloconverters. All the motor control devices are referred to as a power control device 15). On the other hand, the power characteristics of the internal combustion engine are relatively excellent for rotating a high-speed engine such as a propeller.

[ディジタルコンピュータ制御について]
本申請の一つの構成であるオートジャイロつまり、飛行モード転換方式ではとくに飛行モード転換の遷移時期に複数のアクチュエーターを同時、連携的に制御する必要があるが、現在のハイブリッド自動車の技術に見る様にデジタル制御技術上は全く問題ない。
[About digital computer control]
Auto gyro, which is one of the components of this application, that is, in the flight mode switching method, it is necessary to control several actuators simultaneously and cooperatively especially at the transition time of flight mode switching. However, there is no problem in digital control technology.

[非特許文献について]
特に飛行モード転換式については、文献1:情報別冊、酣燈社、P62、63、文献2:Antony Kay;The Flettner Episode,Aeroplane Monthry,October1975、文献3:ドイツ空軍試作機ミリタリーエアークラフト、1995年,7月、文献4:世界の珍飛行機図鑑、グリーンアロー出版社、p226,227、文献5:航空機大全、原書房、p106、107。などがある。しかしながら、これらに用いられている原動機は何れも1ないし2の熱機関(ガソリン・エンジンまたはターボプロップ・エンジンないしは回転翼端のラム・ジエット等)で本申請が主張する様な電動機と熱機関の組み合わせ、即ちハイブリッド方式での飛行モード転換方式は無い。
[Non-patent literature]
In particular, as for the flight mode conversion type, Reference 1: Information separate volume, Kashiwasha, P62, 63, Reference 2: Antony Kay; July, Reference 4: World rare airplane picture book, Green Arrow Publishing Co., p226, 227, Reference 5: Aircraft Taizen, Hara Shobo, p106, 107. and so on. However, the prime movers used in these are one or two heat engines (gasoline engine or turboprop engine or rotor blade ram jet, etc.) of the motor and heat engine as claimed in this application. There is no combination, that is, a hybrid mode flight mode switching method.

本申請では電動機内臓ハブを基本コンポーネントとしてオートジャイロとヘリコプターの二種類の回転翼航空機に対してアプローチし、夫々の課題解決に挑む。  In this application, we will approach two types of rotor wing aircraft, auto gyro and helicopter, with the motor built-in hub as a basic component and try to solve each problem.

オートジャイロに適用する場合はその簡単さによる初期費用、保守・維持などの安価さを維持しつつ、VTOL性を持たせる事である。この場合VTOL性を持たせるには回転翼の動力駆動による上昇・降下は必須であるので従来型のオートジャイロの回転翼ハブを本申請の電動機内臓ハブ6としVTOL性を持たせる(Hモードと称する)。上空では内燃機関〜プロペラ系の前進推力による回転翼自転で揚力を得るオートジャイロとして飛行する(AJモードと称する)。この様に飛行モードを切り替えると共にその動力源も切り変えるハイブリッド・飛行モード転換型の航空機として現用電池容量の小ささをカバーする。但しこのVTOL性を確保する為に電動機、二次電池系、電力制御装置としてのインバーター等が余分に必要である。  When applied to an auto gyro, it is necessary to provide VTOL characteristics while maintaining the initial cost due to its simplicity and the low cost of maintenance and maintenance. In this case, ascending / descending due to the power drive of the rotor blades is indispensable for providing the VTOL property, the rotor blade hub of the conventional auto gyro is used as the motor built-in hub 6 of the present application and the VTOL property is provided (H mode Called). In the sky, it flies as an auto gyro that obtains lift by rotating the rotor blades by the forward thrust of the internal combustion engine to the propeller system (referred to as AJ mode). In this way, as a hybrid / flight mode conversion type aircraft that switches the flight mode and also switches its power source, it covers the small capacity of the current battery. However, in order to ensure this VTOL property, an electric motor, a secondary battery system, an inverter as a power control device, etc. are necessary.

ヘリコプターに適用する場合は現状よりも初期費用、保守・維持なども安価で済む回転翼航空機を製作する事である。電動機内臓ハブ6の特徴を活かして現用ヘリコプターをシリーズ・ハイブリッドの電動化し、現用ヘリコプターの機械的動力系統、操縦系統、尾部回転翼部分を簡素化しようとするものである。シリーズ・ハイブリッド化には発電機や二次電池系、電力制御装置としてのサイクロコンバータ等、電動機が余分に必要であり、それを現用ヘリコプターの機体貫通型の動力伝達機構と比較して本申請の電動機内臓ハブ方式でメリットを出さねばならない。  When applied to a helicopter, it is necessary to manufacture a rotary wing aircraft that requires less initial costs, maintenance and maintenance than the current situation. By taking advantage of the features of the electric motor built-in hub 6, the current helicopter is made into a series / hybrid motor to simplify the mechanical power system, control system, and tail rotor of the current helicopter. The series / hybridization requires an extra motor, such as a generator, secondary battery system, and a cycloconverter as a power control device. Compared to the power transmission mechanism of the current helicopter, this application Advantages must be provided by the motor built-in hub system.

2自由度ジンバルの内側ジンバルである円盤62もしくはこれと同じ挙動をする物に所望の相数、極数の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63を放射状に全円周に渡って固定し、円盤62の中心より非回転軸62xを垂直に立てスラストベアリング62SBを挟んで逆円筒型のアウターローター64を図1、2の如く回転できる様にして、上から嵌め別のスラストベアリング64SBを挟んで上下動は固定する。このアウターローター64のスカート内面に前記の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63の相数、極数に相応する数の永久磁石65を取り付けて二次移動子とし両者で同期型交流ブラシレス電動機を形成せしめ、このアウターローター64の回転を出力として直接的に、あるいは必要に応じてクラッチ、フリーホイール、遊星歯車型減速機などを経由して間接的に、主回転翼7を支えるハブ6に回転力を伝える様にした事で航空機本体を貫通しての機械的動力系統を排除し、航空機のピッチ、ロールの操縦は外側ジンバル61と内側ジンバル62を何らかの手段で傾ける事で行える様にした事を特徴とする回転翼航空機用の電動機内蔵ハブ。  A concentrated stator primary electromagnet 63 having a desired number of phases and poles is fixed to the disk 62, which is an inner gimbal of a two-degree-of-freedom gimbal, or an object that behaves in the same manner. The non-rotating shaft 62x is set vertically from the center so that the reverse cylindrical outer rotor 64 can be rotated as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the thrust bearing 62SB interposed therebetween. Fix it. A number of permanent magnets 65 corresponding to the number of phases and poles of the concentrated winding stator primary electromagnet 63 are attached to the inner surface of the skirt of the outer rotor 64 to form a secondary mover, thereby forming a synchronous AC brushless motor. Rotational force is transmitted to the hub 6 that supports the main rotor blades 7 as an output directly from the rotation of the outer rotor 64 or indirectly through a clutch, a free wheel, a planetary gear speed reducer or the like as necessary. By doing so, the mechanical power system penetrating the aircraft body is eliminated, and the pitch and roll of the aircraft can be controlled by tilting the outer gimbal 61 and the inner gimbal 62 by some means. A motorized hub for a rotating wing aircraft.

回転翼航空機の電源として図3の二次電池系5により主回転翼7等を回す事で離陸・上昇あるいは降下・着陸をヘリコプターの様に行う(この飛行形態をHモードと称す)。上空では内燃機関1駆動のプロペラ3で前進飛行に移る。この場合、揚力を得るため主回転翼7を少し後傾させると共に二次電池系5よりの電力を低下、遮断し同期型交流ブラシレス電動機と主回転翼7との結合を遠心クラッチ等の何らかの手段で遮断するか、電源遮断により回転出力をほぼゼロとする事でアウターロターを空転せしめる等で、主回転翼7を自転できる様にし、自転揚力を得てオートジャイロとして飛行する(この飛行形態をAJモードと称する)。この様に二つの飛行モードHモードとAJモードが独立存在、遷移し、あるいは場合に依っては短時間共存し、それと同時にその動力源も変わる事で垂直離着陸、上空飛行し、(0014)または(0015)または(0016)のアンチ・トルク装置を有する事を特徴とするハイブリッド型・飛行モード転換方式の(0010)の電動機内臓のハブ6を用いた回転翼航空機。As the power source of the rotorcraft, the main rotor 7 is rotated by the secondary battery system 5 of FIG. 3 to take off, ascend, descend, and land like a helicopter (this flight form is referred to as H mode). In the sky, the aircraft moves forward with the propeller 3 driven by the internal combustion engine 1. In this case, in order to obtain lift, the main rotor blade 7 is tilted slightly backward, and the electric power from the secondary battery system 5 is reduced and cut off to couple the synchronous AC brushless motor and the main rotor blade 7 with any means such as a centrifugal clutch. The main rotor 7 can be rotated by rotating the outer rotor by idling by turning off the power at or by rotating the outer rotor to almost zero by turning off the power supply, and the self-lifting force is obtained to fly as an auto gyro (this flight form Called AJ mode). In this way, the two flight modes H mode and AJ mode exist independently, transition, or coexist for a short time depending on the case, and at the same time the power source is changed, so that the vertical take-off and landing, fly over, (0014) or A rotary wing aircraft using a hub 6 with a built-in electric motor of (0010) of the hybrid type and flight mode switching system characterized by having the anti-torque device of (0015) or (0016).

〔0011〕の回転翼航空機に於いてAJモード飛行中に電磁クラッチ等で主回転翼7と電動機内臓ハブの電動機63,64,65とを強制的に締結しその電動機を発電機として働かせ二次電池系5に充電する様にした事を特徴とする〔0010〕の電動機内臓ハブを用いた回転翼航空機。  In the rotary wing aircraft of [0011], during the AJ mode flight, the main rotor 7 and the motors 63, 64, 65 of the motor built-in hub are forcibly fastened by an electromagnetic clutch or the like, and the motor is used as a generator for secondary operation. The rotary wing aircraft using the motor built-in hub according to [0010], wherein the battery system 5 is charged.

(0010)の回転翼航空機の電源として図4のガスタービン1xに結合された発電機8の電気出力を電力制御装置15経由で直接的に、または二次電池系5経由で間接的に動力線9で電動機内臓ハブの電磁石63、及び(0015)または(0016)のアンチ・トルク装置に送り主回転翼7および尾部回転翼18を回転させ飛行する様にした事を特徴とするシリーズ・ハイブリッド型の(0010)の電動機内臓ハブ6を用いた回転翼航空機。The power output of the generator 8 coupled to the gas turbine 1x of FIG. 4 as the power source of the rotor blade of (0010) is directly connected to the power line via the power control device 15 or indirectly via the secondary battery system 5. 9 is a series hybrid type characterized in that the main rotor blade 7 and the tail rotor blade 18 are rotated to fly to the electromagnet 63 of the motor built-in hub and the anti-torque device of (0015) or (0016). A rotary wing aircraft using the hub 6 with a built-in electric motor of (0010).

〔0011〕または〔0012〕の回転翼航空機において図3の垂直安定板12の下側のヒンジ13xで機進行方向左右に角度を取れる様な主回転翼7の降下風反射板13を儲け、これにより主回転翼7による機体に対する反作用回転力を防止する事を特徴とするアンチ・トルク装置。  In the rotary wing aircraft of [0011] or [0012], the descending wind reflecting plate 13 of the main rotary wing 7 which can be angled to the left and right in the aircraft traveling direction by the hinge 13x below the vertical stabilizer 12 in FIG. The anti-torque device is characterized in that the reaction rotor force against the airframe by the main rotor 7 is prevented.

〔0011〕または〔0012〕または〔0013〕の回転翼航空機においてアンチ・トルク装置としての尾部回転翼18の外周に図4の様に環状の誘電体19を取り付け誘導型リニア−モータの二次移動子とし、尾部回転翼外周の少し外側の適当な位置に所望の相数、極数のリニア−モータ固定子一次電磁石17を設け、両者で交流誘導型環状リニア−モータを形成したことで尾部回転翼18を回し主回転翼7による機体に対する反作用回転力を防止することを特徴とするアンチ・トルク装置。  In the rotary wing aircraft of [0011] or [0012] or [0013], an annular dielectric 19 is attached to the outer periphery of the tail rotor 18 as an anti-torque device as shown in FIG. A linear motor stator primary electromagnet 17 having a desired number of phases and poles is provided at an appropriate position slightly outside the outer periphery of the tail rotor blade, and an AC induction type annular linear motor is formed by both of them. An anti-torque device characterized in that the wing 18 is rotated to prevent a reaction rotational force against the airframe by the main rotor wing 7.

〔0011〕または〔0012〕または〔0013〕の回転翼航空機において尾部回転翼18の中心に回転型の交流誘導電動機を取り付け機載の二次電池系5、電力制御装置15経由で尾部回転翼18を回し主回転翼7による機体に対する反作用回転力を防止ることを特徴とするアンチ・トルク装置。  In the rotary wing aircraft of [0011] or [0012] or [0013], a rotary AC induction motor is attached to the center of the tail rotor 18 and the tail rotor 18 is connected via the secondary battery system 5 and power controller 15 mounted on the machine. An anti-torque device characterized by preventing the reaction rotational force against the airframe by the main rotor blades 7 by turning.

電動機内臓ハブ関係としては動力伝達関連の機械系統が一切無く単純である。したがって保守・維持も楽である。また基本的に主回転翼を低速、高トルクで回すのに電動機駆動は極めて向いているし、VVVFなどの電動機電子技術により回転数制御も容易である。操縦は2自由度のジンバル自体を何らかの方法で傾けるのみで済む。The motor built-in hub is simple with no mechanical system related to power transmission. Therefore, maintenance and maintenance are easy. Basically, the motor drive is very suitable for rotating the main rotor blade at low speed and high torque, and the rotation speed can be easily controlled by an electric motor electronic control technology such as VVVF. Maneuvering can be done by tilting the two-degree-of-freedom gimbal itself in some way.

オートジャイロ関連としてはハイブリッド・飛行モード転換方式を採用しているので電池容量の心配が無い。There is no worry about battery capacity because the hybrid / flight mode switching system is adopted for auto gyro.

ヘリコプター関連としては機載ガスタービン〜高速交流発電機等の電力発生で電池容量の心配が無い。サイクロコンバータによる交流〜交流の電圧、周波数変換で直流を介さないので簡単で高効率的である。機載ガスタービン〜高速交流発電機等の結合を減速装置なしの直結で可能である。As for helicopters, there is no worry about battery capacity due to the generation of power from onboard gas turbines to high-speed AC generators. It is simple and highly efficient because it does not involve direct current in the AC to AC voltage and frequency conversion by the cycloconverter. The on-board gas turbine to the high-speed AC generator can be connected directly without a reduction gear.

アンチ・トルク装置の関係として電動方式は電源の種類が三相交流などで統一する事が出来るので主回転翼関係の電源を尾部回転翼駆動にも兼用出来る。上記に加えてリニア−モータ方式では支持機構上有利で且つ尾部回転翼の有効面積が回転型誘導電動機より有利になる。アンチ・トルク装置の推力を加減し、機体方向変えるのに回転数制御のみで出来る。オートジャイロに用いる降下風反射型は簡単である上に方向舵制御用のラダ−索と兼用出来る。As an anti-torque device, the electric system can be unified with three-phase AC power supply, so the main rotor related power can be used for tail rotor drive as well. In addition to the above, the linear motor system is advantageous in terms of the support mechanism, and the effective area of the tail rotor is more advantageous than that of the rotary induction motor. To control the thrust of the anti-torque device and change the direction of the aircraft, only the rotation speed control can be used. The descent wind reflection type used in the auto gyro is simple and can also be used as a rudder cable for rudder control.

以下本発明の実施するための最良の形態を図1〜図4で説明する。The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[オートジャイロに適用する場合の電動機内臓ハブについて、図1、図2]
先ず、電動機内臓ハブのオートジャイロに適用する場合の詳細を図1、図2を用いて説明する。図1は図下から各部品[AA’],[BB’],[CC’],[DD’],[EE’]を切り離してその側面または一部断面を示したものである(従って非回転軸62xは長く描いている)。また図2は[AA’],[BB’]と[CC’]を合わせたもの,[DD’],[EE’]のそれぞれの平面図である。(但し、3枚のスラストベアリング6SB、64SB、62SBや頭部のワッシャ690、止め具691は略した)。
下側から4本の柱の機体構造物で支えられた電動機内臓ハブのベース60は外部ジンバル61を両側の外側ジンバル受けボス60Bと外側ジンバル・ピボット61Pで支えているが、これは機首進行方向の迎え角調整アクチュエーター11x,迎え角制限アクチュエーター11yで制限される範囲内で外側ジンバル・ピボット61Pを中心とし機首進行方向・上下に主回転翼7の迎え角を制御できる。この外部ジンバル61は中心に非回転軸62xを持つ円盤状の内部ジンバル62を図の様に機首進行方向左右に遥動できる様にピボット62Pと内部ジンバル受けボス61Bで外部ジンバル61に支えられており、両者で二自由度ジンバルを構成している。内部ジンバル62の上面またはこれと同等の動きをする物に図1と図2の[CC’]の様に集中巻固定子一次電磁石63を所望の相数、極数だけ放射状に全円周に渡って固定して三相交流同期型ブラシレス電動機の一次とする。その上からスラストベアリング62SBを挟んでアウターローター64をロラーベアリング64RBで非回転軸62xに取り付ける。このアウターローター64のスカート部内面には上記の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63の相数、極数の数に相応する永久磁石65が二次として取り付けられており両者で三相交流同期型ブラシレス電動機を構成する。アウターローター64の外円部には遠心クラッチ・アーム66が図の様に取り付けられており電動機の回転数が上がると弱い引っ張りバネ66yに抗してアーム・シュー66xが遠心力でハブ6の内面にあるハブ・シュー6xに押し付けられてアウターローター64と電動機を内蔵した形でのハブ6は締結する。本例の場合はこれらの回転体をさらに別のスラストベアリング6SBやワッシャ690、止め具691を挟んでロラーベアリング6RBで非回転軸62xに取り付けられている。電動機内蔵ハブ6には主回転翼7の取り付け部7yがあり、フラッピング・ヒンジ7xを介してして主回転翼7が取り付けられている。電力線は電力線穴62H、60Hを通ってハブ外に出てハブ本体と機体との間には回転動力の機械的な結合は一切なく簡単である。
[Electric motor built-in hub when applied to an auto gyro, FIGS. 1 and 2]
First, details of application to an auto gyro of an electric motor built-in hub will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view or a partial cross-section of parts [AA ′], [BB ′], [CC ′], [DD ′], and [EE ′] cut from the bottom of the drawing (therefore, non-parts are shown). The rotating shaft 62x is drawn long). FIG. 2 is a plan view of [AA ′], [BB ′] and [CC ′], and [DD ′] and [EE ′]. (However, the three thrust bearings 6SB, 64SB, 62SB, the head washer 690, and the stopper 691 are omitted).
The base 60 of the electric motor built-in hub supported by the four pillar airframe structure from the lower side supports the external gimbals 61 by the outer gimbal receiving bosses 60B and the outer gimbal pivots 61P on both sides. The angle of attack of the main rotor blade 7 can be controlled in the nose direction and up and down around the outer gimbal pivot 61P within a range limited by the direction angle-of-attack adjusting actuator 11x and the angle-of-attack limiting actuator 11y. The external gimbal 61 is supported by the external gimbal 61 by a pivot 62P and an internal gimbal receiving boss 61B so that the disc-shaped internal gimbal 62 having a non-rotating shaft 62x at its center can be moved to the left and right in the nose direction as shown in the figure. Both constitute a two-degree-of-freedom gimbal. Concentrated-winding stator primary electromagnets 63 on the upper surface of the internal gimbal 62 or an object that moves in the same manner as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. It is fixed to be the primary of the three-phase AC synchronous brushless motor. The outer rotor 64 is attached to the non-rotating shaft 62x by the roller bearing 64RB with the thrust bearing 62SB interposed therebetween. A permanent magnet 65 corresponding to the number of phases and poles of the concentrated winding stator primary electromagnet 63 is attached to the inner surface of the skirt portion of the outer rotor 64 as a secondary, and a three-phase AC synchronous brushless motor is used for both. Configure. A centrifugal clutch arm 66 is attached to the outer circle part of the outer rotor 64 as shown in the figure, and when the rotational speed of the motor increases, the arm shoe 66x resists the weak tension spring 66y and the inner surface of the hub 6 with centrifugal force. The hub 6 in the form in which the outer rotor 64 and the electric motor are incorporated is fastened by being pressed against the hub shoe 6x. In the case of this example, these rotating bodies are further attached to the non-rotating shaft 62x by a roller bearing 6RB with another thrust bearing 6SB, a washer 690, and a stopper 691 interposed therebetween. The motor built-in hub 6 has an attachment portion 7y for the main rotor blade 7, and the main rotor blade 7 is attached via a flapping hinge 7x. The power line goes out of the hub through the power line holes 62H and 60H, and there is no mechanical coupling of rotational power between the hub body and the machine body, and it is simple.

[ピッチ、ロール操縦関係等について、図1]
回転翼航空機では一般にピッチ、ロール操縦はその回転翼面を傾けて操縦する。そこでこのベース60、つまり機体を基準として2自由度のジンバル61,62を用いた方式であるのでこの二つの内外ジンバルを傾ければ良い分けであるが、このための操縦索取り付け部として図1[BB’]、[CC’]に示す61PC、62YCがある。これを操縦索で直接引っ張り、または押す事で所望の回転翼7の傾斜面角度を得るか、またはリンク機構や油圧機構を用いて増力し所望の傾斜面角度を得るなど、さらには必要であれば現用ヘリコプターが採用している様な回転翼やその補助翼による空気力での増力で所望の傾斜面角度を得るなど、何らかの方法でこれら取り付け部61PC、62YCを用いて制御、操縦する。尚オートジャイロのAJモードの飛行中は前進の対抗風を受ける様にする為に主回転翼を少し後傾させる必要があるが、これは迎え角調整アクチュエーター11x,迎え角制限アクチュエーター11yによってベース60自体で実現する。
[Pitch, roll handling, etc. Fig. 1]
In a rotary wing aircraft, pitch and roll operations are generally performed by tilting the rotor surface. Therefore, since the base 60, that is, the system using the two-degree-of-freedom gimbals 61 and 62 with the airframe as a reference, the two inner and outer gimbals may be tilted. There are 61PC and 62YC shown in [BB ′] and [CC ′]. It is necessary to pull or push this directly with the control line to obtain the desired inclined surface angle of the rotor blade 7 or increase it using a link mechanism or hydraulic mechanism to obtain the desired inclined surface angle. For example, a desired inclined surface angle can be obtained by aerodynamic force generated by a rotor blade or an auxiliary blade that is used in a current helicopter, and control and steering are performed using these attachment portions 61PC and 62YC. During the flight of the auto gyro in the AJ mode, the main rotor blade needs to be tilted slightly backward in order to receive the counter wind of the forward movement. This is based on the attack angle adjusting actuator 11x and the attack angle limiting actuator 11y. Realize by itself.

[オートジャイロに適用する場合の回転力取り出し関係について、図1、図2]
図1、図2はアウターローター型の三相交流同期型ブラシレス電動機以外に回転力取り出し装置として遠心クラッチを付加したものを示したが、最小限の構成としては電動機のアウター・ローターのみでオートジャイロや小型ヘリコプターの場合、飛行可能と考えられる。何故なら内燃機関原動機と電動機は根本的に違って回転数ゼロスタートが可能であるし、VVVF制御等で任意の低速度、高トルクを電動機、電源の性能限度内なら得る事ができるし、更に電源を切ればオートローティションも可能であるからである。無論遠心クラッチがあった方が完全にハブと電動機が遮断され永久磁石による残留磁気の問題がなくベターである事は間違いない。更に大トルク、低回転数が必要な大型ヘリコプターの場合は必要に応じて遊星歯車による減速機やフリーホイール、更には次の〔0025〕に示す発電機としての使用を考える場合は電磁クラッチ等等の回転力取り出し装置を付加する必要が出てくると思われるが、この場合は電動機内臓ハブ6自体の躯体が多少大きくなる事さえ容認すれば極めて容易に実現できる。
[Relationship between rotational force when applied to auto gyro, FIGS. 1 and 2]
1 and 2 show an outer rotor type three-phase AC synchronous brushless motor with a centrifugal clutch added as a rotational force extracting device, but the minimum configuration is an auto gyro with only the outer rotor of the motor. And in the case of small helicopters, it is considered possible to fly. This is because the internal combustion engine prime mover and the motor are fundamentally different and can start at zero speed, and VVVF control can achieve any low speed and high torque within the performance limits of the motor and power supply. This is because auto-rotation is possible if the power is turned off. Of course, there is no doubt that the centrifugal clutch is better because the hub and motor are completely shut off and there is no problem of residual magnetism due to permanent magnets. In the case of large helicopters that require higher torque and lower speed, planetary gear speed reducers and free wheels as necessary, and electromagnetic clutches etc. when considering use as a generator as shown in [0025] below However, in this case, it can be realized very easily as long as the housing of the motor built-in hub 6 itself is allowed to be somewhat larger.

[オートジャイロのAJ飛行中の充電について、図3]
本申請の形式の電動機は良く知られている様に可逆型エネルギー変換デバイスで電力を入力すれば機械出力が、逆に機械入力すれば電気出力が出る。つまり発電機に変わる訳である。従って、オートジャイロのAJモード飛行中に必要に応じて主回転翼7とハブ内の電動機63、64、65等を電磁クラッチ等で再締結し自転中の回転翼によりハブ内の電動機を外部から駆動すれば、発電機として作動し二次電池系5に充電できる。無論この場合、揚力発生以外に発電機負荷が掛かるわけで内燃機関1の出力を増加しなければならない事は言うまでもない。
[Charging during AJ flight of auto gyro, Fig. 3]
As is well known, a motor of the form of the present application outputs a mechanical output when electric power is input with a reversible energy conversion device, and an electric output is output when mechanical input is performed. In other words, it turns into a generator. Therefore, during the AJ mode flight of the auto gyro, the main rotor 7 and the motors 63, 64, 65, etc. in the hub are re-engaged with an electromagnetic clutch or the like as necessary, and the motor in the hub is externally connected by the rotating rotor blades. When driven, the secondary battery system 5 can be charged by operating as a generator. Of course, in this case, it goes without saying that the output of the internal combustion engine 1 must be increased because a generator load is applied in addition to the generation of lift.

[オートジャイロに適用した場合、図3]
図3はオートジャイロに適用した一例の全体図である。離陸前ではガソリンエンジン1は既にアイドリング運転されているが遠心クラッチ2によってプロペラ3は回転していない。そして二次電池系5から電力制御装置15経由で同期型交流ブラシレス電動機の図1,2の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63に電力を供給し主回転翼7がまわる、同時にアンチ・トルク装置も作動する。従って機は垂直に離陸・上昇飛行する。動力切り替えに安全な高度に達した後はガソリンエンジン1の出力、回転数を上げ遠心クラッチ2が締結する事によって回転するプロペラ3によって前進推力が与えられる。一方、図1,2、3の主回転翼7の迎え角調整・制限アクチュエーター11x,11yによって主回転翼7の面は図3の7xの様に少し後傾する。また図1,2の同期型交流ブラシレス電動機63、64,65の回転数を低下、停止させる事で主回転翼7xは遠心クラッチ66,66x、66y、6xによって電動機内蔵ハブ6は動力から切り離され自転できる様になる。したがって機体が前進すると主回転翼7xは対抗風によって自転しながら揚力を発生し直進飛行できる。
[Figure 3 when applied to an auto gyro]
FIG. 3 is an overall view of an example applied to an auto gyro. Before take-off, the gasoline engine 1 is already idling, but the propeller 3 is not rotating by the centrifugal clutch 2. Then, the power is supplied from the secondary battery system 5 to the concentrated winding primary primary magnet 63 of FIGS. 1 and 2 of the synchronous AC brushless motor via the power control device 15, and the main rotor blade 7 is rotated. At the same time, the anti-torque device is also operated. To do. Therefore, the aircraft will take off and fly vertically. After reaching a safe altitude for power switching, forward thrust is applied by the propeller 3 that rotates when the output and rotation speed of the gasoline engine 1 is increased and the centrifugal clutch 2 is engaged. On the other hand, the surface of the main rotor blade 7 is slightly tilted backward as shown by 7x in FIG. 3 by the angle-of-attack adjustment / limit actuators 11x and 11y of the main rotor blade 7 in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main rotor blades 7x are separated from the power by the centrifugal clutches 66, 66x, 66y, 6x by reducing and stopping the rotational speed of the synchronous AC brushless motors 63, 64, 65 of FIGS. It will be able to rotate. Therefore, when the airframe moves forward, the main rotor blade 7x generates a lift while rotating by the opposing wind and can fly straight.

[ヘリコプターに適用する場合の電動機内臓ハブについて、図1、図2、図4]
この場合は図1、2、3の機首方向の迎え角調整・制限アクチュエーター11x,11yが本質的には不要となる。又、オートジャイロよりは多少機体が大型になる場合が多い事が予測されるので遊星歯車による減速機経由で回転翼を駆動する方式が多くなると考えているが、2自由度ジンバル上にアウターローター型の同期型交流ブラシレス電動機を構成する本体自体は変わらない。
[Electric motor built-in hub when applied to helicopter, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4]
In this case, the attack angle adjustment / limit actuators 11x and 11y in the nose direction of FIGS. In addition, since it is predicted that the airframe will be somewhat larger than the auto gyro, it is thought that there will be more methods of driving the rotor blades via a planetary gear reducer, but the outer rotor on the two-degree-of-freedom gimbal The main body itself constituting the type synchronous AC brushless motor remains the same.

[オートジャイロの場合のアンチ・トルク装置、図3]
ところで、離陸・上昇のHモード飛行中はこの方式の場合、機体固定の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63により主回転翼7の反作用による機体反対方向の回転力を受けるのでそれに対抗するためアンチ・トルク装置が必要である。図3では垂直安定板12の下側に取り付けられた主回転翼7の降下風を反射して反回転力を発生させるアンチ・トルク装置である主回転翼降下風反射板13で機体回転を阻止する。AJモード飛行中のピッチ制御ないしはロール制御はHモード飛行中と同じであるが、ヨウ方向制御は一般の航空機と同様にラダ14によって行う。
またこのHモード飛行とAJモード飛行の遷移にはガソリンエンジン1の出力を制御するガソリンエンジン出力制御装置や迎え角調整・制限アクチュエーター11x,11y、電力制御装置15、等の制御を同時、連携して適正に制御する必要があるがこれらは全て統合コンピュ−タ16によって自動的に制御され飛行士の負担となることはない。
[Anti-torque device for auto gyro, Fig. 3]
By the way, during take-off and ascending H-mode flight, in the case of this system, anti-torque is used to counteract the opposite direction of the airframe due to the reaction of the main rotor 7 due to the primary electromagnet 63 of the concentrated winding stator fixed to the airframe. Equipment is needed. In FIG. 3, the main rotor blade descending wind reflecting plate 13 which is an anti-torque device that reflects the descending wind of the main rotor blade 7 attached to the lower side of the vertical stabilizer 12 to generate the anti-rotation force prevents the airframe from rotating. To do. The pitch control or roll control during the AJ mode flight is the same as during the H mode flight, but the yaw direction control is performed by the ladder 14 in the same manner as a general aircraft.
In addition, the transition between the H mode flight and the AJ mode flight is performed by simultaneously controlling the gasoline engine output control device that controls the output of the gasoline engine 1, the angle-of-attack adjustment / limit actuators 11x and 11y, the power control device 15, and the like. However, these are all automatically controlled by the integrated computer 16 and do not burden the aviator.

(ヘリコプターに適用した場合、図4)
図4はヘリコプターに適用した一例の全体図である。主回転翼7は電動機内臓ハブ6に取り付けられているが機体への接続は構造物とピッチ操縦索10x、ロール操縦索10yは別にすると動力線9以外に無い。この電力源としてはガスタービン1xに直結された高速交流発電機8で発生させた電力を直接、または二次電池系5経由の間接的に電力制御装置15である三相出力サイクロコンバータで所望の電圧、周波数の三相交流電力とし電動機内臓ハブ6内の同期型交流ブラシレス電動機の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63に送り主回転翼7を回転させる。この電力は同時に機尾のアンチ・トルク装置のリニア・モータ固定子一次電磁石17にも送られる。この尾部回転翼18はリニア−モーター方式で、これは固定子一次電磁石17と、尾部回転翼18の外周に付けられている移動子である環状のリニア・モータ二次誘導体19より成っており、これに誘導電流を惹起し回転する事で環状の誘導型リニア−モータとして回転しアンチ・トルク装置として作動する。
操縦は通常のヘリコプターと同じでピッチ方向、ロール方向は主回転翼7の回転翼面をピッチ操縦索10x、ロール操縦索10yによって行うが、この為には操作力は2自由度ジンバル自体を直接あるいは間接的に傾ける操作で行う。操作力は索とリンク機構、または油圧増力、更に必要ならばヒラ・型の様な飛行風圧増力による等、何らかの方法で行う。ヨウ方向は尾部回転翼18の回転数制御によって行う。現用ヘリコプターは尾部回転翼と主回転翼の回転数が固定比で回っている為に尾部回転翼の回転数のみを自由に変えられないので、尾部回転翼の推力増減をピッチ角制御で行っているが、本発明のものは電動化しているので回転数制御のみで可能で簡単である。
(Figure 4 when applied to a helicopter)
FIG. 4 is an overall view of an example applied to a helicopter. The main rotor blade 7 is attached to the motor internal hub 6, but there is no connection to the fuselage other than the power line 9 except for the structure, the pitch control line 10x, and the roll control line 10y. As the power source, the power generated by the high-speed AC generator 8 directly connected to the gas turbine 1x is directly or indirectly by a three-phase output cycloconverter which is a power control device 15 via the secondary battery system 5. The three-phase AC power of voltage and frequency is used to feed the main rotor blade 7 to the concentrated winding primary primary magnet 63 of the synchronous AC brushless motor in the motor internal hub 6. This electric power is simultaneously sent to the linear motor stator primary electromagnet 17 of the aft anti-torque device. The tail rotor 18 is of a linear motor type, which is composed of a stator primary electromagnet 17 and an annular linear motor secondary derivative 19 which is a mover attached to the outer periphery of the tail rotor 18. When an induced current is induced and rotated, it rotates as an annular induction linear motor and operates as an anti-torque device.
Maneuvering is the same as a normal helicopter, and the pitch direction and roll direction are controlled by the pitch control line 10x and roll control line 10y on the rotary blade surface of the main rotor 7, but for this purpose, the operating force is directly applied to the 2-degree-of-freedom gimbal itself. Alternatively, the operation is performed by tilting indirectly. The operating force is applied in some way, such as by a rope and link mechanism, or hydraulic pressure boosting, and if necessary, by flying wind pressure boosting such as a flipper type. The yaw direction is performed by controlling the rotational speed of the tail rotor blade 18. In the current helicopter, since the rotation speed of the tail rotor and the main rotor is rotating at a fixed ratio, only the rotation speed of the tail rotor cannot be changed freely. However, since the motor of the present invention is motorized, it is possible and simple only by controlling the rotational speed.

[ヘリコプターの場合のアンチ・トルク装置]
図4の尾部に示す様なリニア−モーター方式に対して図には無いが通常の回転型三相交流誘導電動機を用いた尾部回転翼型のアンチ・トルク装置も容易に考えられる。何れもHモード飛行中に作動するもので主回転翼7用の電源が利用でき、動力線のみで済むし、またその動力源も電化統一されて一部併用できるし、ヨウ方向制御の為の推力加減も回転数制御のみで出来のるで極めて好都合である。
[Anti-torque device for helicopters]
Although not shown in the figure with respect to the linear motor system as shown in the tail of FIG. 4, a tail rotor type anti-torque device using a normal rotary three-phase AC induction motor can be easily considered. Both operate during H-mode flight, and the power supply for the main rotor 7 can be used, and only the power line is needed. The power source is also electrified and partly used. Thrust adjustment is very convenient because it can be achieved only by rotational speed control.

電動機内臓ハブを各部品毎に示した側面図、一部断面図。内側ジンバル62および非回転軸62xは側面図として描いた。尚、非回転軸62xは各部品を分割表示する為に長く描いている。本図は出力アダプターとして遠心クラッチを付けた一例。 ● [AA‘] 機体と電動機内臓ハブを結合するベース60。 ● [BB‘] 外側ジンバル61。 ● [CC‘] 内側ジンバル62。 ● [DD‘] アウターローター64。 ● [EE‘] 主回転翼7と結合するハブ6。The side view which showed the motor built-in hub for every component, and a partial sectional view. The inner gimbal 62 and the non-rotating shaft 62x are depicted as side views. Incidentally, the non-rotating shaft 62x is drawn long in order to divide and display each component. This figure shows an example with a centrifugal clutch attached as an output adapter. ● [AA '] Base 60 that connects the fuselage and the motor internal hub. ● [BB '] Outer gimbal 61. ● [CC ’] Inner gimbal 62. ● [DD '] Outer rotor 64. ● [EE ′] The hub 6 coupled to the main rotor blade 7. 〔図1〕の各部品の平面図。ただし[BB‘]と[CC‘]はピボット、ボスで取り付けた状態を上から見たもので、[AA‘]も同様上から見たものである。他は下から見たものである。非回転軸62xは自明であるのでハッチングしていない。本図も出力アダプターとして遠心クラッチを付けた一例である。The top view of each component of FIG. However, [BB '] and [CC'] are viewed from above with the pivot and boss attached, and [AA '] is also viewed from above. The other is seen from below. Since the non-rotating shaft 62x is self-evident, it is not hatched. This figure is also an example in which a centrifugal clutch is attached as an output adapter. ハイブリッド・飛行モード転換式の回転翼航空機の概念図、アンチ・トルク装置として降下風反射板を採用した一例。Conceptual diagram of a hybrid / flight mode conversion type rotary wing aircraft, an example of adopting a descending wind reflector as an anti-torque device. シリーズ・ハイブリッドの回転翼航空機の概念図、アンチ・トルク装置として環状の誘導型リニア−モータを採用した一例。Conceptual diagram of a series hybrid rotary wing aircraft, an example of adopting an annular induction linear motor as an anti-torque device.

(図1)、(図2)、(図3)、(図4)
(図1)、(図2)
11x. 迎え角調整アクチュエーター
11y. 迎え角制限アクチュエーター
60. ベース
60B. 外側ジンバル受けボス
60H. 電力線穴
61. 外側ジンバル
61P. 外側ジンバル・ピボット
61B. 内側ジンバル受けボス
61PC. ピッチ操縦索取り付け部
62. 内側ジンバル
62x. 非回転軸
62J. アウターローター高さ調整座
62P. 内側ジンバル・ピボット
62YC. ロール操縦索取り付け部
62H. 電力線穴
62SB. スラスト・ベアリング
63. 集中巻固定子一次電磁石
64. アウターローター
65. 永久磁石
66. 遠心クラッチ・アーム
66x. アーム・シュー
66y. 引っ張りバネ
64RB. ローラー・ベアリング
64SB. スラスト・ベアリング
6SB. スラスト・ベアリング
6RB. ローラー・ベアリング
6. ハブ
6x. ハブ・シュー
690. ワッシャ
691. 止め具
7. 主回転翼
7y. 回転翼取り付け部
7x. フラッピング・ヒンジ
(図3)
1. ガソリン・エンジン
2. 遠心クラッチ
3. プロペラ
4. ペダル
5. 二次電池系
6. 電動機内臓ハブ
7. 主回転翼
7x. 後傾した主回転翼
9. 電力線
10. 操縦幹
11x. 迎え角調整アクチュエーター
11y. 迎え角制限アクチュエーター
12. 垂直安定板
13. 主回転翼降下風反射板
13x. 同反射板ヒンジ
14. ラダー
14x. ラダー・ヒンジ
15. 電力制御装置
16. 統合コンピューター
20. 燃料タンク
(図4)
1x ガス・タービン
4. ペダル
5. 二次電池系
6. 電動機内臓ハブ
7. 主回転翼
8. 高速交流発電機
9. 電力線
10x. ピッチ操縦索
10y. ロール操縦索
15. 電力制御装置
16. 統合コンピューター
17. リニア−・モータ固定子一次電磁石
18. 尾部回転翼
19. リニア−・モータ二次誘電体
20. 燃料タンク
60. ベース
(FIG. 1), (FIG. 2), (FIG. 3), (FIG. 4)
(Fig. 1), (Fig. 2)
11x. Angle of attack adjustment actuator 11y. Angle-of-attack limiting actuator 60. Base 60B. Outer gimbal receiving boss 60H. Power line hole 61. Outer gimbal 61P. Outer gimbal pivot 61B. Inner gimbal receiving boss 61PC. Pitch control line attachment part 62. Inner gimbal 62x. Non-rotating shaft 62J. Outer rotor height adjustment seat 62P. Inner gimbal pivot 62YC. Roll steering rope attachment 62H. Power line hole 62SB. Thrust bearing 63. Concentrated winding stator primary electromagnet 64. Outer rotor 65. Permanent magnet 66. Centrifugal clutch arm 66x. Arm shoe 66y. Pull spring 64RB. Roller bearing 64SB. Thrust bearing 6SB. Thrust bearing 6RB. 5. Roller bearing Hub 6x. Hub shoe 690. Washer 691. Stopper 7. Main rotor 7y. Rotary blade attachment part 7x. Flapping hinge (Figure 3)
1. 1. Gasoline engine 2. Centrifugal clutch 3. Propeller Pedal 5. Secondary battery system6. Hub 7 of the motor internal organs. Main rotor blade 7x. 8. Back tilted main rotor blade Power line 10. Steering stem 11x. Angle of attack adjustment actuator 11y. 10. Angle-of-attack limiting actuator Vertical stabilizer 13. Main rotor blade descending wind reflector 13x. Reflector hinge 14. Ladder 14x. Rudder hinge15. Power control device 16. Integrated computer 20. Fuel tank (Fig. 4)
1x gas turbine4 . Pedal 5. Secondary battery system6. Hub 7 of the motor internal organs. Main rotor blade8. High speed AC generator9. Power line 10x. Pitch control rope 10y. Roll control rope 15. Power control device 16. Integrated computer 17. 18. Linear motor stator primary electromagnet Tail rotor 19. Linear motor secondary dielectric 20. Fuel tank 60. base

Claims (4)

2自由度ジンバルの内側ジンバルである円盤62上に、またはアウターローター64の上下位置調整用板の上に所望の相数、極数の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63を放射状に全円周に渡って固定し、円盤62の中心より非回転軸62xを垂直に立てスラストベアリング62SBを挟んで逆円筒型のアウターローター64を上から嵌め別のスラストベアリング64SBを挟んで軸中心の回転は出来るが上下動は固定し、このアウターローター64下側円筒部内面に前記の集中巻固定子一次電磁石63の相数、極数に相応する数の永久磁石65を取り付けて二次移動子とし両者で同期型交流ブラシレス電動機を形成せしめ、このアウターローター64の回転を出力として直接的に、あるいは主回転翼7の駆動回転の遮断・締結、または回転数、トルクの増減などの必要に応じてクラッチ、フリーホイール、遊星歯車型減速機などを経由して間接的に、主回転翼7を支えるハブ6に回転力を伝える様にした事で航空機本体を貫通しての機械的動力系統を排除し、航空機のピッチ、ロールの操縦は外側ジンバル61と内側ジンバル62を手動力または油圧力などの何らかの手段で傾ける事で行える様にした事を特徴とする回転翼航空機用の電動機内蔵のハブ6。Concentrated winding primary electromagnets 63 having a desired number of phases and number of poles are arranged on the disc 62 which is the inner gimbal of the two-degree-of-freedom gimbal or on the vertical position adjustment plate of the outer rotor 64 over the entire circumference. The non-rotating shaft 62x is vertically set up from the center of the disk 62, and the reverse cylindrical outer rotor 64 is fitted from above with the thrust bearing 62SB interposed therebetween. The movement is fixed, and permanent magnets 65 corresponding to the number of phases and poles of the concentrated winding stator primary electromagnet 63 are attached to the inner surface of the lower cylindrical portion of the outer rotor 64 to form a secondary moving element. An AC brushless motor is formed, and the rotation of the outer rotor 64 is directly used as an output, or the driving rotation of the main rotor blade 7 is interrupted / fastened, or the rotation speed, torque As necessary, the torque is transmitted to the hub 6 that supports the main rotor 7 indirectly through the clutch, freewheel, planetary gear reducer, etc. All of the mechanical power system is eliminated, and the pitch and roll of the aircraft can be operated by tilting the outer gimbal 61 and the inner gimbal 62 by some means such as manual force or oil pressure. Hub 6 with built-in electric motor for aircraft. 電動機内臓のハブ6を用いた回転翼航空機の電源としての二次電池系5により主回転翼7を動力回転する事で離陸・上昇あるいは降下・着陸をヘリコプターの様に垂直離着陸を行う飛行形態と、その後、上空ではガソリンエンジン1駆動のプロペラ3で前進飛行に移るが、この場合、揚力を得るため主回転翼7を少し後傾させると共に二次電池系5よりの電力を低下させ同期型交流ブラシレス電動機と主回転翼7との結合を遠心クラッチ等で遮断するか、もしくは電源遮断により回転出力をゼロとする事でアウターローターを空転せしめ、主回転翼7を自転できる様にし、この自転揚力を得てオートジャイロとして上空飛行する飛行形態という、両飛行形態が独立存在、遷移し、あるいは場合に依っては短時間共存し、それと同時にその動力源も変わる事で垂直離着陸、上空飛行する事を特徴とするハイブリッド型・飛行モード転換方式の請求項1の電動機内臓ハブの6を用いた回転翼航空機。A flight configuration in which a main battery 7 is powered by a secondary battery system 5 as a power source for a rotorcraft using a hub 6 with a built-in electric motor to perform takeoff, ascent or descent, landing like a helicopter. After that, the aircraft moves forward with the propeller 3 driven by the gasoline engine 1 in the sky. In this case, the main rotor 7 is tilted slightly backward in order to obtain lift, and the electric power from the secondary battery system 5 is lowered to synchronize AC. The coupling between the brushless motor and the main rotor blade 7 is interrupted with a centrifugal clutch or the like, or the rotation output is made zero by shutting off the power supply so that the outer rotor rotates idly so that the main rotor blade 7 can rotate. Both flight modes exist independently, transition, or coexist for a short period of time depending on the situation, and at the same time their power VTOL is also changed it, rotorcraft with 6 motor visceral hub of claim 1 of hybrid-flight mode conversion method characterized in that it overflight. オートジャイロとして飛行中に電磁クラッチ等で主回転翼7と電動機内臓のハブ6の電動機63,64,65とを強制的に締結しその電動機を発電機として働かせ二次電池系5に充電する様にした事を特徴とする請求項2の回転翼航空機。During flight as an auto gyro, the main rotor 7 and the motors 63, 64, 65 of the hub 6 built in the motor are forcibly fastened by an electromagnetic clutch or the like, and the secondary battery system 5 is charged by using the motor as a generator. The rotary wing aircraft according to claim 2, wherein 回転翼航空機の電源としてガスタービン1xに結合された発電機8の電気出力を電力制御装置15経由で直接的に、または二次電池系5経由で間接的に動力線9を用いて電動機内臓ハブ6の電磁石63に送り主回転翼7を回転させ飛行する様にした事を特徴とするシリーズ・ハイブリッド型の請求項1の電動機内臓のハブ6を用いた回転翼航空機。The electric power output of the generator 8 coupled to the gas turbine 1x as the power source of the rotary wing aircraft is directly connected via the power control device 15 or indirectly via the secondary battery system 5 using the power line 9 to the motor built-in hub. 6. A rotary wing aircraft using a hub 6 having a built-in electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the main rotor wing 7 is rotated by the electromagnet 63 and the main rotor wing 7 is rotated.
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