JP4738025B2 - Compound, composition, optical element, and retardation plate - Google Patents

Compound, composition, optical element, and retardation plate Download PDF

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JP4738025B2
JP4738025B2 JP2005066746A JP2005066746A JP4738025B2 JP 4738025 B2 JP4738025 B2 JP 4738025B2 JP 2005066746 A JP2005066746 A JP 2005066746A JP 2005066746 A JP2005066746 A JP 2005066746A JP 4738025 B2 JP4738025 B2 JP 4738025B2
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茂生 上平
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Description

本発明は位相差板などの作製に有用な化合物および該化合物を用いた光学要素等に関する。   The present invention relates to a compound useful for producing a retardation plate and the like, an optical element using the compound, and the like.

ディスコティック液晶性化合物は、光学補償シートの用の素材として非常に重要な化合物であることが知られている。このようなディスコティック液晶性を発現する液晶性化合物としては、特許文献2に2,3,6,7,10,11−ヘキサ{4−(4−アクリロイルオキシヘキシルオキシ)ベンゾイルオキシ}トリフェニレンが開示されている(例えば、特許文献1)。   It is known that a discotic liquid crystalline compound is a very important compound as a material for an optical compensation sheet. Patent Document 2 discloses 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexa {4- (4-acryloyloxyhexyloxy) benzoyloxy} triphenylene as a liquid crystalline compound exhibiting such discotic liquid crystallinity. (For example, Patent Document 1).

光学補償シートのレターデーション(△nd)は、補償しようとする液晶セルの光学的性質に応じて決定する。レターデーション(△nd)は、光学的異方性層の屈折率異方性(△n)と光学的異方性層の厚さ(d)との積である。光学的異方性層の屈折率異方性(△n)が大きければ、層の厚さ(d)が薄くても液晶セルを補償できる。逆に屈折率異方性(Δn)が小さくなると、層の厚さ(d)を厚くする必要が生じ、その結果、液晶性化合物の配向に欠陥が生じやすくなる問題が生じてくる。高いΔnを有する化合物が求められていた。   The retardation (Δnd) of the optical compensation sheet is determined according to the optical properties of the liquid crystal cell to be compensated. Retardation (Δnd) is the product of the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the optically anisotropic layer and the thickness (d) of the optically anisotropic layer. If the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the optically anisotropic layer is large, the liquid crystal cell can be compensated even if the layer thickness (d) is small. On the other hand, when the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) becomes small, it is necessary to increase the thickness (d) of the layer, and as a result, there arises a problem that defects in the alignment of the liquid crystalline compound are likely to occur. There has been a need for compounds with high Δn.

本発明の液晶性化合物に近い分子構造を有する化合物が非特許文献1で報告されている。しかし、この骨格では、実施例で後述するように、2,3,6,7,10,11−ヘキサ{4−アルキルオキシベンゾイルオキシ}トリフェニレンよりも低い波長分散性達成は容易でないことが分かった。   Non-Patent Document 1 reports a compound having a molecular structure close to that of the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention. However, with this skeleton, it was found that achieving wavelength dispersion lower than 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexa {4-alkyloxybenzoyloxy} triphenylene is not easy, as will be described later in Examples. .

特開平8−50206号公報JP-A-8-50206 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 2001年, 370巻, 391頁Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 2001, 370, 391

上記のような状況に鑑み、本発明の目的は、従来のディスコティック液晶性化合物では実現できなかった、高いΔnと低い波長分散性を両立するディスコティック液晶性化合物を提供することにある。また、該ディスコティック液晶性化合物を用いた薄膜を提供することにある。   In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a discotic liquid crystalline compound having both high Δn and low wavelength dispersibility, which could not be realized by a conventional discotic liquid crystalline compound. Another object of the present invention is to provide a thin film using the discotic liquid crystalline compound.

上記課題は、以下の手段によって解決された。
(1)下記一般式(DI)で表される化合物。
一般式(DI)

Figure 0004738025
(一般式(DI)中、L1、L2、L3は、それぞれ独立に、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基、1,3,4−オキサジアゾール−2,5−ジイル基、1,2,4−チアジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基、1,3,4−チアジアゾール−2,5−ジイル基を表す。H1は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるn+1価の基を表し、H2は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるm+1価の基を表し、H3は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるk+1価の基を表し、H1、H2、H3を構成するベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環が有していてもよい置換基は、それぞれ、炭素数1〜10のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子またはアリル基である。R1、R2、R3は、それぞれ独立に、下記一般式(DI−R)を表し、複数のR1、R2、R3が存在する場合、それぞれ同じでも異なっていてもよい。k、m、nは、それぞれ独立に、2〜5の整数を表す。)
一般式(DI−R)
−L22−L23−Q
(一般式(DI−R)中、L22は−O−、−O−CO−、−CO−O−、−O−CO−O−、−N(R6)−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−または−C≡C−を表す。L23は−O−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−NH−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−および−C≡C−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる2価の連結基を表す。Qはそれぞれ独立に重合性基または水素原子を表す。R6は、水素原子またはメチル基を表す。)
(2)前記一般式(DI)中のL1、L2、L3が、それぞれ独立に、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基または1,2,4−チアジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基である、(1)に記載の化合物。
(3)前記一般式(DI)中のL1、L2、L3が、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基である、(1)に記載の化合物。
(4)前記一般式(DI)が下記一般式(DI−A)、一般式(DI−B)または一般式(DI−C)で表される、(1)に記載の化合物。
Figure 0004738025
(一般式(DI−A)、(DI−B)および(DI−C)中、Rは、それぞれ独立に、下記一般式(DI−R)を表す。)
一般式(DI−R)
−L22−L23−Q
(一般式(DI−R)中、L22は−O−、−O−CO−、−CO−O−、−O−CO−O−、−N(R6)−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−または−C≡C−を表す。L23は−O−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−NH−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−および−C≡C−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる2価の連結基を表す。Qはそれぞれ独立に重合性基または水素原子を表す。R6は、水素原子またはメチル基を表す。)
(5)液晶性を示すことを特徴とする、(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の化合物。
(6)(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の化合物を含有する組成物。
(7)(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の化合物から形成される層を有する光学要素。
(8)(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の化合物から形成される層を有する位相差板。 The above problems have been solved by the following means.
(1) A compound represented by the following general formula (DI).
General formula (DI)
Figure 0004738025
(In the general formula (DI), L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl group, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2. , 5-diyl group, 1,2,4-thiadiazole-3,5-diyl group, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-diyl group, H 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, An n + 1 valent group composed of a biphenyl ring or a naphthalene ring, H 2 represents an m + 1 valent group composed of a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, a biphenyl ring or a naphthalene ring, and H 3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene The substituent which the benzene ring, biphenyl ring or naphthalene ring constituting H 1 , H 2 and H 3 may have a k + 1 valent group consisting of a ring, a biphenyl ring or a naphthalene ring, 1-10 al A alkoxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or an allyl group, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent the following general formula (DI-R), and a plurality of R 1 , When R 2 and R 3 are present, they may be the same or different. K, m and n each independently represent an integer of 2 to 5.)
General formula (DI-R)
-L 22 -L 23 -Q
(In the general formula (DI-R), L 22 represents —O—, —O—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—O—, —N (R 6 ) —, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, L 23 represents —O—, —S—, —C (═O) —, —NH—, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— and —C. Represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of ≡C—, Q represents each independently a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
(2) L 1 , L 2 and L 3 in the general formula (DI) are each independently 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl group or 1,2,4-thiadiazole- The compound according to (1), which is a 3,5-diyl group.
(3) The compound according to (1), wherein L 1 , L 2 and L 3 in the general formula (DI) are 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl groups.
(4) The compound according to (1), wherein the general formula (DI) is represented by the following general formula (DI-A), general formula (DI-B), or general formula (DI-C).
Figure 0004738025
(In the general formulas (DI-A), (DI-B), and (DI-C), R independently represents the following general formula (DI-R).)
General formula (DI-R)
-L 22 -L 23 -Q
(In the general formula (DI-R), L 22 represents —O—, —O—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—O—, —N (R 6 ) —, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, L 23 represents —O—, —S—, —C (═O) —, —NH—, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— and —C. Represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of ≡C—, Q represents each independently a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
(5) The compound according to any one of (1) to (4), which exhibits liquid crystallinity.
(6) A composition containing the compound according to any one of (1) to (5).
(7) An optical element having a layer formed from the compound according to any one of (1) to (5).
(8) A retardation plate having a layer formed from the compound according to any one of (1) to (5).

本発明によれば、従来のディスコティック液晶性化合物では実現できなかった、高いΔnと低い波長分散性を両立する化合物を提供することが可能になった。また、該化合物を用いることにより、高いΔnと低い波長分散性を有する光学要素(位相差板等の光学フィルム等)を製造することが可能になる。   According to the present invention, it has become possible to provide a compound having both high Δn and low wavelength dispersibility, which could not be realized by a conventional discotic liquid crystalline compound. Further, by using the compound, it is possible to produce an optical element (such as an optical film such as a retardation plate) having high Δn and low wavelength dispersion.

以下において、本発明の内容について詳細に説明する。尚、本願明細書において「〜」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用される。また、本明細書において、液晶性を示す化合物を液晶性化合物という。   Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described in detail. In the present specification, “to” is used to mean that the numerical values described before and after it are included as a lower limit value and an upper limit value. In this specification, a compound exhibiting liquid crystallinity is referred to as a liquid crystal compound.

本発明の化合物は、下記一般式(DI)で表される。
一般式(DI)

Figure 0004738025
The compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (DI).
General formula (DI)
Figure 0004738025

一般式(DI)中、L1、L2、L3はそれぞれ独立に、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基、1,3,4−オキサジアゾール−2,5−ジイル基、1,2,4−チアジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基、1,3,4−チアジアゾール−2,5−ジイル基である。
1、L2、L3は、好ましくは、それぞれ独立に、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基または1,2,4−チアジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基であり、さらに好ましくは、1,2,4−オキサジアゾール−3,5−ジイル基である。
1、L2、L3の2本の結合子と、ベンゼン環またはH1(若しくはH2、H3)との結合位置は特に定めるものではないが、3位と5位に結合子を有する場合5位と、2位と4位に結合子を有する場合2位と、2位と5位に結合子を有する場合5位と、ベンゼン環が結合しているのが好ましい。
In the general formula (DI), L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl group, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2,5. -Diyl group, 1,2,4-thiadiazole-3,5-diyl group, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-diyl group.
L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are preferably each independently a 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl group or a 1,2,4-thiadiazole-3,5-diyl group. More preferably, it is a 1,2,4-oxadiazole-3,5-diyl group.
The bonding positions of the two bonds L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 and the benzene ring or H 1 (or H 2 , H 3 ) are not particularly defined. It is preferable that the benzene ring is bonded to the 5-position when it has, the 2-position when it has a bond at the 2-position and 4-position, and the 5-position when it has a bond at the 2-position and 5-position.

一般式(DI)中、H1は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるn+1価の基を表し、H2は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるm+1価の基を表し、H3は、置換若しくは無置換のベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環からなるk+1価の基を表し、H1、H2、H3を構成するベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環が有していてもよい置換基は、それぞれ、炭素数1〜10のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子またはアリル基である。
1、H2、H3を構成するベンゼン環、ビフェニル環またはナフタレン環が有していてもよい置換基は、より好ましくは、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子またはアリル基であり、さらに好ましくは、ハロゲン原子である。 ハロゲン原子としてより好ましくはF原子、Cl原子、Br原子であり、さらに好ましくはF原子、Cl原子である。
1、H2、H3は、それぞれ、無置換であることが好ましく、無置換のベンゼン環からなる基であることがより好ましい。
In general formula (DI), H 1 represents an n + 1 valent group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, biphenyl ring or naphthalene ring, and H 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, biphenyl ring or naphthalene ring. represents m + 1 valent group comprising, H 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, represents a k + 1 valent group consisting of a biphenyl ring or a naphthalene ring, a benzene ring constituting the H 1, H 2, H 3 , biphenyl The substituent that the ring or naphthalene ring may have is an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, or an allyl group.
The substituent which the benzene ring, biphenyl ring or naphthalene ring constituting H 1 , H 2 and H 3 may have is more preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Group, a halogen atom or an allyl group, and more preferably a halogen atom. The halogen atom is more preferably an F atom, a Cl atom, or a Br atom, and further preferably an F atom or a Cl atom.
H 1 , H 2 and H 3 are each preferably unsubstituted, and more preferably a group consisting of an unsubstituted benzene ring.

一般式(DI)中、R1、R2、R3は、それぞれ独立に、下記一般式(DI−R)を表し、複数のR1、R2、R3が存在する場合、それぞれ同じでも異なっていてもよい。
一般式(DI−R)
−L22−L23−Q
(一般式(DI−R)中、L22は−O−、−O−CO−、−CO−O−、−O−CO−O−、−N(R6)−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−または−C≡C−を表す。L23は−O−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−NH−、−CH2−、−CH=CH−および−C≡C−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる2価の連結基を表す。Qはそれぞれ独立に重合性基または水素原子を表す。R6は、水素原子またはメチル基を表す。)
22は、好ましくは−O−、−O−CO−、−O−CO−O−、−CH2−または−CH=CH−であり、より好ましくは−O−、−O−CO−、−O−CO−O−または−CH2−である。
23は、好ましくは−O−、−S−、−C(=O)−および−CH2−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる2価の連結基であり、より好ましくは−O−、−C(=O)−および−CH2−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる2価の連結基である。
23は、炭素原子を1〜20個含有することが好ましく、炭素原子を2〜14個を含有することがより好ましい。さらに、L23は、−CH2−を1〜16個含有することが好ましく、−CH2−を2〜12個含有することがより好ましい。
In the general formula (DI), R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent the following general formula (DI-R), and when a plurality of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are present, May be different.
General formula (DI-R)
-L 22 -L 23 -Q
(In the general formula (DI-R), L 22 represents —O—, —O—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—O—, —N (R 6 ) —, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, L 23 represents —O—, —S—, —C (═O) —, —NH—, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH— and —C. Represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of ≡C—, Q represents each independently a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
L 22 is preferably —O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CH 2 — or —CH═CH—, more preferably —O—, —O—CO—, -O-CO-O- or -CH 2 -.
L 23 is preferably a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of a combination of —O—, —S—, —C (═O) — and —CH 2 —, more preferably —O—, — It is a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of a combination of C (═O) — and —CH 2 —.
L 23 preferably contains 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 14 carbon atoms. Furthermore, L 23 is, -CH 2 - preferably contains 1 to 16 a, -CH 2 - and more preferably a containing 2-12.

Qはそれぞれ独立に重合性基または水素原子である。本発明の化合物を光学補償フィルムのように位相差が大きく、熱により変化しないものが好ましい光学フィルム等に用いる場合には、Qは重合性基であることが好ましい。重合反応は、付加重合(開環重合を含む)または縮合重合であることが好ましい。言い換えると、重合性基は、付加重合反応または縮合重合反応が可能な官能基であることが好ましい。さらに、重合性基は付加重合反応が可能な官能基であることが特に好ましい。そのような重合性基としては、重合性エチレン性不飽和基または開環重合性基が好ましい。
以下に重合性基の例を示す。
Q is each independently a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom. When the compound of the present invention is used for an optical film or the like that preferably has a large retardation, such as an optical compensation film, and does not change due to heat, Q is preferably a polymerizable group. The polymerization reaction is preferably addition polymerization (including ring-opening polymerization) or condensation polymerization. In other words, the polymerizable group is preferably a functional group capable of addition polymerization reaction or condensation polymerization reaction. Furthermore, the polymerizable group is particularly preferably a functional group capable of addition polymerization reaction. Such a polymerizable group is preferably a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group or a ring-opening polymerizable group.
Examples of polymerizable groups are shown below.

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

重合性エチレン性不飽和基の例としては、下記の式(M−1)〜(M−6)が挙げられる。   Examples of the polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group include the following formulas (M-1) to (M-6).

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

式(M−3)、(M−4)中、R5は水素原子またはアルキル基を表す。R5としては、水素原子またはメチル基が好ましい。
上記(M−1)〜(M−6)の中でも、(M−1)または(M−2)が好ましく、(M−1)がさらに好ましい。
In formulas (M-3) and (M-4), R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
Among the above (M-1) to (M-6), (M-1) or (M-2) is preferable, and (M-1) is more preferable.

開環重合性基として好ましいのは、環状エーテル基であり、中でもエポキシ基またはオキセタニル基がより好ましく、エポキシ基がさらに好ましい。   The ring-opening polymerizable group is preferably a cyclic ether group, more preferably an epoxy group or an oxetanyl group, and even more preferably an epoxy group.

n、m、kは、それぞれ独立に、2〜5までの整数を表す。より好ましくはn、m、kは、それぞれ独立に、2または3を表す。   n, m, and k each independently represents an integer of 2 to 5. More preferably, n, m and k each independently represent 2 or 3.

本発明では、L1=L2=L3であることが好ましく、L1=L2=L3およびH1=H2=H3であることがより好ましく、L1=L2=L3、H1=H2=H3およびR1=R2=R3であることがさらに好ましい。 In the present invention, L 1 = L 2 = L 3 is preferable, L 1 = L 2 = L 3 and H 1 = H 2 = H 3 are more preferable, and L 1 = L 2 = L 3. More preferably, H 1 = H 2 = H 3 and R 1 = R 2 = R 3 .

一般式(DI)は、好ましくは、下記一般式(DI−A)、一般式(DI−B)または一般式(DI−C)で表される化合物である。

Figure 0004738025
The general formula (DI) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (DI-A), general formula (DI-B), or general formula (DI-C).
Figure 0004738025

(一般式(DI−A)、(DI−B)および(DI−C)中、Rは、それぞれ独立に、下記一般式(DI−R)を表す。)
一般式(DI−R)は、一般式(DI)中の一般式(DI−R)と同義であり、好ましい範囲も同義である。
一般式(DI−A)、(DI−B)および(DI−C)中、好ましくは、一般式(DI−A)で表されるものである。
以下に、一般式(DI)で表される化合物の具体例を示すが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
(In the general formulas (DI-A), (DI-B), and (DI-C), R independently represents the following general formula (DI-R).)
General formula (DI-R) is synonymous with general formula (DI-R) in general formula (DI), and its preferable range is also synonymous.
Of the general formulas (DI-A), (DI-B) and (DI-C), those represented by the general formula (DI-A) are preferred.
Although the specific example of a compound represented by general formula (DI) below is shown, this invention is not limited to these.

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

本発明の化合物が重合性基を有する場合、本発明の化合物を重合させると、それ自身を繰返し単位として含む重合体が得られる。該化合物から形成された層(重合体を含む)は、光学要素として利用できる。層の形状や厚みは特に限定されず、所望の形状、厚みのものが利用できる。具体的に光学要素とは、位相差板などの光学用フィルムや機能性フィルム等である。   When the compound of the present invention has a polymerizable group, when the compound of the present invention is polymerized, a polymer containing itself as a repeating unit is obtained. A layer (including a polymer) formed from the compound can be used as an optical element. The shape and thickness of the layer are not particularly limited, and those having a desired shape and thickness can be used. Specifically, the optical element is an optical film such as a retardation plate or a functional film.

本発明の光学要素は、本発明の化合物を、例えば、1)支持体等に本発明の重合性液晶化合物を含む組成物を塗布し、2)液晶域において(均一に)配向させ、3)架橋することにより製造できる。   In the optical element of the present invention, the compound of the present invention is applied, for example, 1) a composition containing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound of the present invention is applied to a support or the like, 2) (uniformly) oriented in the liquid crystal region, 3) It can be produced by crosslinking.

本発明の均一に配向した状態とは、均一で欠陥のないモノドメインな配向状態指す。このような配向状態を実現するためには、良好なモノドメイン性を示す液晶相が望ましい。モノドメイン性が悪い場合には、得られる構造がポリドメインとなり、ドメイン同士の境界に配向欠陥が生じ、光を散乱するようになる。良好なモノドメイン性を示すと、例えば位相差板に用いた場合に該位相差板が高い光透過率を有しやすくなる。   The uniformly oriented state of the present invention refers to a monodomain oriented state that is uniform and free of defects. In order to realize such an alignment state, a liquid crystal phase exhibiting good monodomain properties is desirable. When the monodomain property is poor, the resulting structure becomes a polydomain, an orientation defect occurs at the boundary between domains, and light is scattered. When good monodomain properties are exhibited, for example, when used for a phase difference plate, the phase difference plate tends to have a high light transmittance.

本発明の液晶性化合物が発現する液晶相としては、カラムナー相およびディスコティックネマチック相(ND相)を挙げることができる。これらの液晶相の中では、良好なモノドメイン性を示すディスコティックネマチック相(ND相)が好ましい。 The liquid crystal phase liquid crystalline compound expressed in the present invention, mention may be made of a columnar phase and a discotic nematic phase (N D phase). Of these liquid crystal phases, a discotic nematic phase having a good monodomain property (N D phase) is preferable.

本発明の液晶性化合物は、液晶相を20℃〜300℃の範囲で発現させるものが好ましい。より好ましくは40℃〜280℃であり、さらに好ましくは60℃〜250℃である。ここで20℃〜300℃で液晶相を発現するとは、液晶温度範囲が20℃をまたぐ場合(例えば、10℃〜22℃)や、300℃をまたぐ場合(例えば、298℃〜310℃)も含む。40℃〜280℃と60℃〜250℃に関しても同様である。   The liquid crystalline compound of the present invention is preferably one that causes the liquid crystal phase to be expressed in the range of 20 ° C to 300 ° C. More preferably, it is 40 degreeC-280 degreeC, More preferably, it is 60 degreeC-250 degreeC. Here, the expression of the liquid crystal phase at 20 ° C. to 300 ° C. also means that the liquid crystal temperature range extends over 20 ° C. (for example, 10 ° C. to 22 ° C.) or 300 ° C. (for example, 298 ° C. to 310 ° C.). Including. The same applies to 40 ° C to 280 ° C and 60 ° C to 250 ° C.

本発明の均一に配向した薄膜を得るためには、例えば、液晶性化合物に必要に応じて他の添加剤を加え液晶性組成物とした後に、該液晶性組成物を塗布し、液晶状態で均一に配向させることで得られる。液晶性化合物に加えることのできる添加剤の例としては、後述する空気界面配向制御剤、ハジキ防止剤、重合開始剤、重合性モノマー等が挙げられる。
本発明の化合物を配向させる配向形態としては、ホメオトロピック配向、ホモジニアス配向、ハイブリッド配向が好ましい。
本発明の液晶性組成物が均一に配向した薄膜の厚さは、0.1μm〜5.0μmであることが好ましく、0.5μm〜2.5μmであることがさらに好ましい。
In order to obtain the uniformly oriented thin film of the present invention, for example, after adding other additives to the liquid crystal compound as necessary to form a liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal composition is applied, and in a liquid crystal state. Obtained by uniform orientation. Examples of the additive that can be added to the liquid crystal compound include an air interface alignment controller, a repellency inhibitor, a polymerization initiator, and a polymerizable monomer, which will be described later.
As an alignment mode for aligning the compound of the present invention, homeotropic alignment, homogeneous alignment, and hybrid alignment are preferable.
The thickness of the thin film in which the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention is uniformly oriented is preferably 0.1 μm to 5.0 μm, and more preferably 0.5 μm to 2.5 μm.

均一に配向した状態を実現するためには、配向膜を設けることが好ましい。但し、ディスコティック液晶性化合物の光軸方向が薄膜面の法線方向と一致する場合(ホメオトロピック配向)においては必ずしも配向膜は必要ではない。
配向膜は、有機化合物(好ましくは、ポリマー)のラビング処理、無機化合物の斜方蒸着、マイクログルーブを有する層の形成、または、ラングミュア・ブロジェット法(LB膜)による有機化合物(例えば、ω−トリコサン酸、ステアリル酸メチル)の累積のような手段で、設けることができる。さらに、電場の付与、磁場の付与または光照射により、配向機能が生じる配向膜も知られている。
本発明の液晶性組成物に所望の配向を付与できるのであれば、配向膜としてはどのような層でもよいが、本発明においては、ラビング処理または光照射により形成される配向膜が好ましい。ポリマーのラビング処理により形成される配向膜がさらに好ましい。ラビング処理は、一般にはポリマー層の表面を、紙や布で一定方向に数回擦ることにより実施することができるが、特に本発明では液晶便覧(丸善(株))に記載されている方法により行うことが好ましい。配向膜の厚さは、0.01〜10μmであることが好ましく、0.05〜3μmであることがより好ましい。
In order to realize a uniformly aligned state, it is preferable to provide an alignment film. However, in the case where the optical axis direction of the discotic liquid crystalline compound coincides with the normal direction of the thin film surface (homeotropic alignment), the alignment film is not necessarily required.
The alignment film is formed by organic compound (preferably polymer) rubbing treatment, oblique deposition of an inorganic compound, formation of a layer having a micro groove, or an organic compound (for example, ω-) by the Langmuir-Blodgett method (LB film). It can be provided by means such as accumulation of tricosanoic acid, methyl stearylate). Furthermore, an alignment film in which an alignment function is generated by application of an electric field, application of a magnetic field, or light irradiation is also known.
As long as a desired alignment can be imparted to the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention, the alignment film may be any layer, but in the present invention, an alignment film formed by rubbing treatment or light irradiation is preferred. An alignment film formed by a polymer rubbing treatment is more preferable. The rubbing treatment can be generally carried out by rubbing the surface of the polymer layer several times in a certain direction with paper or cloth. In the present invention, in particular, the method described in the liquid crystal manual (Maruzen Co., Ltd.) is used. Preferably it is done. The thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 10 μm, and more preferably 0.05 to 3 μm.

本発明で配向状態が固定化された状態とは、その配向が保持された状態が最も典型的、かつ、好ましい態様ではあるが、それだけには限定されず、例えば、通常0℃から50℃、より過酷な条件下では−30℃から70℃の温度範囲において、該固定化された液晶性組成物に流動性が無く、また外場や外力によって配向形態に変化を生じさせることなく、固定化された配向形態を安定に保ち続けることができる状態を含む趣旨である。なお、配向状態が最終的に固定化され光学異方性層が形成された際に、本発明の液晶性組成物はもはや液晶性を示す必要はない。例えば、液晶性化合物として重合性基を有する化合物を用いているので、結果的に熱、光等で反応により重合または架橋反応が進行し、高分子量化して、液晶性を失ってもよい。
光学異方性層の形成にあたり本発明の液晶性組成物に加えることのできる添加剤の例としては、空気界面配向制御剤、ハジキ防止剤、重合開始剤、重合性モノマー等が挙げられる。
The state in which the orientation state is fixed in the present invention is a state in which the orientation is maintained, which is the most typical and preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto, for example, usually 0 ° C. to 50 ° C., more Under severe conditions, in the temperature range of −30 ° C. to 70 ° C., the immobilized liquid crystal composition has no fluidity, and is fixed without causing a change in alignment form due to an external field or an external force. It is intended to include a state in which the alignment form can be kept stable. When the alignment state is finally fixed and the optically anisotropic layer is formed, the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention no longer needs to exhibit liquid crystallinity. For example, since a compound having a polymerizable group is used as the liquid crystal compound, as a result, the polymerization or the cross-linking reaction proceeds by reaction with heat, light, etc., and the liquid crystallinity may be lost by increasing the molecular weight.
Examples of additives that can be added to the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention in forming the optically anisotropic layer include an air interface alignment controller, a repellency inhibitor, a polymerization initiator, and a polymerizable monomer.

[空気界面配向制御剤]
液晶性組成物は、空気界面においては空気界面のチルト角で配向する。このチルト角は、液晶性組成物に含まれる液晶性化合物の種類や添加剤の種類等で、その程度が異なるため、目的に応じて空気界面のチルト角を任意に制御する必要がある。
[Air interface alignment control agent]
The liquid crystal composition is aligned at the tilt angle of the air interface at the air interface. The tilt angle varies depending on the type of liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition, the type of additive, and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to arbitrarily control the tilt angle of the air interface according to the purpose.

前記チルト角の制御には、例えば、電場や磁場のような外場を用いることや添加剤を用いることができるが、添加剤を用いることが好ましい。このような添加剤としては、炭素原子数が6〜40の置換もしくは無置換脂肪族基または、炭素原子数が6〜40の置換もしくは無置換の脂肪族置換オリゴシロキサノキシ基を、分子内に1本以上有する化合物が好ましく、分子内に2本以上有する化合物がさらに好ましい。例えば、空気界面配向制御剤としては、特開2002−20363号公報に記載の疎水性排除体積効果化合物を用いることができる。   For controlling the tilt angle, for example, an external field such as an electric field or a magnetic field or an additive can be used, but an additive is preferably used. Examples of such an additive include a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic substituted oligosiloxanoxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the molecule. The compound which has 1 or more in this is preferable, and the compound which has 2 or more in a molecule | numerator is more preferable. For example, a hydrophobic excluded volume effect compound described in JP-A No. 2002-20363 can be used as the air interface alignment control agent.

空気界面側の配向制御用添加剤の添加量としては、本発明の液晶性組成物に対して、0.001質量%〜20質量%が好ましく、0.01質量%〜10質量%が更に好ましく、0.1質量%〜5質量%が最も好ましい。   The addition amount of the alignment control additive on the air interface side is preferably 0.001% by mass to 20% by mass, and more preferably 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention. 0.1 mass% to 5 mass% is most preferable.

[ハジキ防止剤]
本発明の液晶性組成物に添加し、該組成物の塗布時のハジキを防止するための材料としては、一般に高分子化合物を好適に用いることができる。
使用するポリマーとしては、本発明の液晶性組成物の傾斜角変化や配向を著しく阻害しない限り、特に制限はない。
ポリマーの例としては、特開平8−95030号公報に記載があり、特に好ましい具体的ポリマー例としてはセルロースエステル類を挙げることができる。セルロースエステルの例としては、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースおよびセルロースアセテートブチレートを挙げることができる。
本発明の液晶性組成物の配向を阻害しないように、ハジキ防止目的で使用されるポリマーの添加量は、本発明の液晶性組成物に対して一般に0.1〜10質量%の範囲にあることが好ましく、0.1〜8質量%の範囲にあることがより好ましく、0.1〜5質量%の範囲にあることがさらに好ましい。
[Anti-repellent agent]
As a material for adding to the liquid crystal composition of the present invention and preventing repelling at the time of application of the composition, generally, a polymer compound can be suitably used.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a polymer to be used, unless the inclination-angle change and orientation of the liquid crystalline composition of this invention are inhibited significantly.
Examples of the polymer are described in JP-A-8-95030, and particularly preferred specific polymer examples include cellulose esters. Examples of cellulose esters include cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and cellulose acetate butyrate.
In order not to inhibit the alignment of the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention, the amount of the polymer used for the purpose of preventing repellency is generally in the range of 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention. It is preferable that it is in the range of 0.1 to 8% by mass, and it is more preferable to be in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass.

[重合開始剤]
本発明における配向状態を固定化する方法としては、液晶性組成物を一度液晶相形成温度まで加熱し、次にその配向状態を維持したまま冷却することにより、その液晶状態における配向形態を損なうことなく固定化することで形成できる。また、本発明の液晶性組成物に重合開始剤を添加した組成物を液晶相形成温度まで加熱した後、重合させ冷却することによって液晶状態の配向状態を固定化することで形成できる。本発明における配向状態の固定化は、後者の重合反応により行うことが好ましい。重合反応には、熱重合開始剤を用いる熱重合反応と光重合開始剤を用いる光重合反応と電子線照射による重合反応が含まれるが、熱により支持体等が変形、変質するのを防ぐためにも、光重合反応または電子線照射による重合反応が好ましい。
[Polymerization initiator]
As a method for fixing the alignment state in the present invention, the liquid crystalline composition is once heated to the liquid crystal phase formation temperature and then cooled while maintaining the alignment state, thereby impairing the alignment form in the liquid crystal state. It can be formed by immobilization. Moreover, after heating the composition which added the polymerization initiator to the liquid crystalline composition of this invention to liquid crystal phase formation temperature, it superposes | polymerizes and cools and can form by fixing the orientation state of a liquid crystal state. In the present invention, the alignment state is preferably fixed by the latter polymerization reaction. The polymerization reaction includes a thermal polymerization reaction using a thermal polymerization initiator, a photopolymerization reaction using a photopolymerization initiator, and a polymerization reaction by electron beam irradiation. In order to prevent the support and the like from being deformed or altered by heat. Also, a photopolymerization reaction or a polymerization reaction by electron beam irradiation is preferable.

光重合開始剤の例には、α−カルボニル化合物(米国特許第2367661号、同第2367670号の各明細書記載)、アシロインエーテル(米国特許第2448828号明細書記載)、α−炭化水素置換芳香族アシロイン化合物(米国特許第2722512号明細書記載)、多核キノン化合物(米国特許第3046127号、同第2951758号の各明細書記載)、トリアリールイミダゾールダイマーとp−アミノフェニルケトンとの組み合わせ(米国特許第3549367号明細書記載)、アクリジンおよびフェナジン化合物(特開昭60−105667号公報、米国特許第4239850号明細書記載)およびオキサジアゾール化合物(米国特許第4212970号明細書記載)等が挙げられる。
光重合開始剤の使用量は、光学異方性層の塗布液の固形分の0.01〜20質量%であることが好ましく、0.5〜5質量%であることがより好ましい。
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include α-carbonyl compounds (described in US Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ether (described in US Pat. No. 2,448,828), α-hydrocarbon substitution Aromatic acyloin compounds (described in US Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (described in US Pat. Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951,758), a combination of triarylimidazole dimer and p-aminophenyl ketone ( U.S. Pat. No. 3,549,367), acridine and phenazine compounds (JP-A-60-105667, U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,850), oxadiazole compounds (described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,221,970) and the like Can be mentioned.
The amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the solid content of the coating liquid for the optically anisotropic layer.

重合のための光照射は、紫外線を用いることが好ましい。照射エネルギーは、10mJ/cm2〜50J/cm2であることが好ましく、50mJ/cm2〜800mJ/cm2であることがより好ましい。光重合反応を促進するため、加熱条件下で光照射を実施してもよい。また、雰囲気の酸素濃度は重合度に関与するため、空気中で所望の重合度に達しない場合には、窒素置換等の方法により酸素濃度を低下させることが好ましい。酸素濃度としては、10%以下が好ましく、7%以下がより好ましく、3%以下がさらに好ましい。 It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays for light irradiation for polymerization. Irradiation energy is preferably 10mJ / cm 2 ~50J / cm 2 , more preferably 50mJ / cm 2 ~800mJ / cm 2 . In order to accelerate the photopolymerization reaction, light irradiation may be performed under heating conditions. Further, since the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is related to the degree of polymerization, when the desired degree of polymerization is not reached in the air, it is preferable to reduce the oxygen concentration by a method such as nitrogen substitution. The oxygen concentration is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 7% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less.

[重合性モノマー]
本発明の液晶性組成物には、重合性のモノマーを添加してもよい。本発明で使用できる重合性モノマーとしては、本発明の化合物と相溶性を有し、液晶性組成物の配向阻害を著しく引き起こさない限り、特に限定はない。これらの中では重合活性なエチレン性不飽和基、例えばビニル基、ビニルオキシ基、アクリロイル基およびメタクリロイル基などを有する化合物が好ましく用いられる。上記重合性モノマーの添加量は、液晶性化合物に対して0.5〜50質量%の範囲にあることが好ましく、1〜30質量%の範囲にあることがより好ましい。また反応性官能基数が2以上のモノマーを用いると、配向膜と光学異方性層間の密着性を高める効果が期待できるため、特に好ましい。
[Polymerizable monomer]
A polymerizable monomer may be added to the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. The polymerizable monomer that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is compatible with the compound of the present invention and does not cause significant alignment inhibition of the liquid crystalline composition. Among these, compounds having a polymerization active ethylenically unsaturated group such as a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, an acryloyl group, and a methacryloyl group are preferably used. The addition amount of the polymerizable monomer is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 50% by mass, more preferably in the range of 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound. In addition, it is particularly preferable to use a monomer having two or more reactive functional groups because an effect of improving the adhesion between the alignment film and the optically anisotropic layer can be expected.

[塗布溶剤]
本発明の液晶性組成物の調製に使用する溶媒としては、有機溶媒が好ましく用いられる。有機溶媒の例には、アミド(例えば、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド)、スルホキシド(例えば、ジメチルスルホキシド)、ヘテロ環化合物(例えば、ピリジン)、炭化水素(例えば、トルエン、ヘキサン)、アルキルハライド(例えば、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン)、エステル(例えば、酢酸メチル、酢酸ブチル)、ケトン(例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン)、エーテル(例えば、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2−ジメトキシエタン)が含まれる。アルキルハライド、エステルおよびケトンが好ましい。これらは、2種類以上の有機溶媒を併用してもよい。
[Coating solvent]
As the solvent used for the preparation of the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention, an organic solvent is preferably used. Examples of organic solvents include amides (eg N, N-dimethylformamide), sulfoxides (eg dimethyl sulfoxide), heterocyclic compounds (eg pyridine), hydrocarbons (eg toluene, hexane), alkyl halides (eg , Chloroform, dichloromethane), esters (eg, methyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone), ethers (eg, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane). Alkyl halides, esters and ketones are preferred. These may use 2 or more types of organic solvents together.

[塗布方式]
本発明の薄膜は、上記溶媒を用いて本発明の液晶性組成物の塗布液を調製し配向膜上に塗布し、本発明の液晶性組成物を配向処理することで形成する。塗布液の塗布は、公知の方法(例えば、スピンコーティング法、ワイヤーバーコーティング法、押し出しコーティング法、ダイレクトグラビアコーティング法、リバースグラビアコーティング法、ダイコーティング法)により実施できる。
[Application method]
The thin film of the present invention is formed by preparing a coating liquid of the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention using the above solvent, coating the alignment liquid on the alignment film, and subjecting the liquid crystalline composition of the present invention to an alignment treatment. The coating liquid can be applied by a known method (for example, spin coating method, wire bar coating method, extrusion coating method, direct gravure coating method, reverse gravure coating method, die coating method).

以下に実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。以下の実施例に示す材料、使用量、割合、処理内容、処理手順等は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない限り、適宜、変更することができる。従って、本発明の範囲は以下に示す具体例に限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, processing details, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown below.

実施例1
[D−3の合成]

Figure 0004738025
Example 1
[Synthesis of D-3]
Figure 0004738025

4−シアノフェノール17.0gをジメチルホルムアミド300mlに溶解させ、炭酸カリウム20.9g、1−ブロモヘキサン37.0mlを添加後、窒素雰囲気下、110℃で5時間撹拌した。反応液に水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出後、飽和食塩水で洗浄した。有機層を減圧濃縮後、カラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行い、(D−3A)を37.3g得た。
(D−3A)37.3gをエタノール200mlに溶解させ、50%ヒドロキシルアミン溶液26.0mlを添加後、90℃で3時間撹拌した。冷却後、反応液にメタノールを加え、析出した結晶を濾別し乾燥し、(D−3B)の結晶を41.3g得た。
(D−3B)41.3gを1,4−ジオキサン300mlに溶解させ、トリメシン酸クロライド10.2g、ピリジン10.9mlを添加後、90℃で7時間撹拌した。冷却後、メタノールを添加し、析出した結晶を濾取した。カラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行い、例示化合物(D−3)を34.3g得た。以下に化合物の1H NMRを示した。
17.0 g of 4-cyanophenol was dissolved in 300 ml of dimethylformamide, 20.9 g of potassium carbonate and 37.0 ml of 1-bromohexane were added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ° C. for 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated brine. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure and then purified by column chromatography to obtain 37.3 g of (D-3A).
37.3 g of (D-3A) was dissolved in 200 ml of ethanol, and 26.0 ml of 50% hydroxylamine solution was added, followed by stirring at 90 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling, methanol was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated crystals were separated by filtration and dried to obtain 41.3 g of crystals of (D-3B).
41.3 g of (D-3B) was dissolved in 300 ml of 1,4-dioxane, 10.2 g of trimesic acid chloride and 10.9 ml of pyridine were added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 7 hours. After cooling, methanol was added and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. Purification was performed by column chromatography to obtain 34.3 g of Exemplified Compound (D-3). The 1 H NMR of the compound is shown below.

1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3) 0.85(18H、t)、1.25−1.35(24H、m)、1.35−1.45(12H、m)、1.70−1.80(12H、m)、3.95(12H、t)、7.45(3H、d)、8.15(3H、d)、8.20(3H、d)、9.15(3H、s)。 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3) 0.85 (18H, t), 1.25-1.35 (24H, m), 1.35-1.45 (12H, m), 1.70-1.80 (12H, m), 3.95 (12H, t), 7.45 (3H, d), 8.15 (3H, d), 8.20 (3H, d), 9.15 (3H, s) .

実施例2
[D−2の合成]

Figure 0004738025
Example 2
[Synthesis of D-2]
Figure 0004738025

3,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾニトリル200gをイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)1500mlに溶解させ、50%ヒドロキシルアミン溶液300gを添加後、90℃で3時間撹拌した。反応系を冷却すると結晶が析出し、ろ過した。結晶にイソプロピルアルコールをかけて洗った後、乾燥し(D−2A)の結晶を167.0g得た。   200 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile was dissolved in 1500 ml of isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 300 g of 50% hydroxylamine solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 3 hours. When the reaction system was cooled, crystals were precipitated and filtered. The crystals were washed with isopropyl alcohol and then dried to obtain 167.0 g of dried (D-2A) crystals.

(D−2A)50.5gをN,N−ジメチルアセトアミド1000ml、ピリジン25mlの溶液に溶解させ、トリメシン酸クロライド20.0gを添加後、90℃で7時間撹拌した。冷却後、反応液に水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出後、有機層を濃縮した。得られた固体をアセトニトリル中にて分散し、ろ過を行う作業を2回繰り返し、乾燥させた。(D−2B)を43.0g得た。
(D−2B)6.0gのテトラヒドロフラン100ml溶液に、アクリル酸クロリド8.1mlを滴下し、N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン17.1mlを滴下し3時間撹拌した。反応液に水を加え、析出した結晶をろ過により濾取した。これを、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製を行うことで、例示化合物(D−2)の結晶6.9gを得た。以下に得られた化合物の1H NMRを示した。
50.5 g of (D-2A) was dissolved in a solution of 1000 ml of N, N-dimethylacetamide and 25 ml of pyridine, 20.0 g of trimesic acid chloride was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 7 hours. After cooling, water was added to the reaction solution, extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was concentrated. The obtained solid was dispersed in acetonitrile and filtration was repeated twice, followed by drying. 43.0 g of (D-2B) was obtained.
To a solution of 6.0 g of (D-2B) in tetrahydrofuran, 8.1 ml of acrylic acid chloride was added dropwise, 17.1 ml of N, N-diisopropylethylamine was added dropwise and stirred for 3 hours. Water was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. By refine | purifying this using column chromatography, the crystal | crystallization 6.9g of exemplary compound (D-2) was obtained. 1 H NMR of the obtained compound is shown below.

1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):6.05(6H、dd)、6.30(6H、dd)、6.65(6H、dd)、7.50(3H、d)、8.18(3H、d)、8.20(3H、d)、9.25(3H、s)。 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 6.05 (6H, dd), 6.30 (6H, dd), 6.65 (6H, dd), 7.50 (3H, d), 8.18 ( 3H, d), 8.20 (3H, d), 9.25 (3H, s).

得られた(D−2)の相転移温度を偏光顕微鏡によるテクスチャー観察によって行ったが、昇温時、降温時ともに液晶相は見られなかった。   The phase transition temperature of the obtained (D-2) was observed by texture observation with a polarizing microscope, but no liquid crystal phase was observed during temperature rise and during temperature fall.

実施例3
[D−7の合成]

Figure 0004738025
Example 3
[Synthesis of D-7]
Figure 0004738025

氷冷下、4−(4’−アクリロイルブトキシ)−安息香酸4.2gのテトラヒドロフラン100ml溶液に、メタンスルホニルクロライド1.2ml、N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン2.8mlを滴下し、1時間撹拌した。(D−2B)1.2gのテトラヒドロフラン溶液20mlを滴下し、N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン2.8ml、N,N―ジメチルアミノピリジン0.1gのテトラヒドロフラン溶液5mlを順に滴下した。ゆっくりと反応系の温度を室温まで昇温し、3時間撹拌した。反応液に水を加え、酢酸エチルにて抽出した。これを、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製を行うことで、例示化合物(D−7)の結晶1.5gを得た。以下に得られた化合物の1H NMRを示した。 Under ice cooling, 1.2 ml of methanesulfonyl chloride and 2.8 ml of N, N-diisopropylethylamine were added dropwise to a solution of 4.2 g of 4- (4′-acryloylbutoxy) -benzoic acid in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by stirring for 1 hour. (D-2B) 1.2 ml of a tetrahydrofuran solution (20 ml) was added dropwise, and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (2.8 ml) and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine (0.1 g) in tetrahydrofuran were added dropwise in that order. The temperature of the reaction system was slowly raised to room temperature and stirred for 3 hours. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. By refine | purifying this using column chromatography, the crystal | crystallization 1.5g of exemplary compound (D-7) was obtained. 1 H NMR of the obtained compound is shown below.

1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):1.8−2.0(24H、m)、4.0−4.1(12H、m)、4.2−4.3(12H、m)、5.82(6H、d)、6.12(6H、dd)、6.40(6H、d)、6.8−6.9(12H、m)、7.55(3H、d)、8.0−8.1(12H、m)、8.2−8.3(6H、m)、9.25(3H、s)。 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 1.8-2.0 (24H, m), 4.0-4.1 (12H, m), 4.2-4.3 (12H, m), 5 .82 (6H, d), 6.12 (6H, dd), 6.40 (6H, d), 6.8-6.9 (12H, m), 7.55 (3H, d), 8. 0-8.1 (12H, m), 8.2-8.3 (6H, m), 9.25 (3H, s).

得られた(D−7)の相転移温度を偏光顕微鏡によるテクスチャー観察によって行ったところ、温度を上げていき80℃付近で結晶相からディスコティックネマチック液晶相に変わり、100℃を超えると等方性液体相に変わった。すなわち、(D−7)は80℃から100℃の間でディスコティックネマチック液晶相を呈することが分かった。   When the phase transition temperature of the obtained (D-7) was measured by texture observation with a polarizing microscope, the temperature was increased and the crystal phase changed to a discotic nematic liquid crystal phase at around 80 ° C. It changed to a sex liquid phase. That is, it was found that (D-7) exhibits a discotic nematic liquid crystal phase between 80 ° C. and 100 ° C.

実施例4
[D−14の合成]

Figure 0004738025
Example 4
[Synthesis of D-14]
Figure 0004738025

3,5−ジメトキシベンゾニトリル163gをイソプロピルアルコール1500mlに溶解させ、50%ヒドロキシルアミン溶液300gを添加後、90℃で3時間撹拌した。冷却後、水を加え、析出した結晶を濾取した。結晶をイソプロピルアルコールをかけて洗った後、乾燥し(D−14A)の結晶を167.0g得た。
(D−14A)98.1gをN,N−ジメチルアセトアミド1000ml、ピリジン40mlの溶液に溶解させ、トリメシン酸クロライド37.0gを添加後、90℃で7時間撹拌した。冷却後、反応液に水を加え、析出した結晶を濾取した。得られた固体を酢酸エチル中にて分散したものを加熱した後、放冷しろ過を行う作業を2回繰り返し、乾燥させた。(D−14B)を57.6g得た。
(D−14B)13.8gをCH2Cl2150mlに溶解させ、三臭化ホウ素(1.0M CH2Cl2溶液)200mlを添加した。40℃で8時間撹拌後、反応液に水を加え、析出した結晶をろ過により濾取した。この結晶を乾燥して、(D−14C)を10.5g得た。
2−ブロモブタノール0.37gをジメチルアセトアミド5mlに溶解後、アクリル酸クロライド0.29mlを滴下し、室温で1時間攪拌後、水20ml、ヘキサン20mlを加え、有機層を洗浄した。分液後、ヘキサン層を留去し、(D−14C)0.33g、炭酸カリウム0.48gおよびジメチルホルムアミドを加え、110℃で5時間攪拌した。反応液に水を加え、CH2Cl2で抽出後、有機層を濃縮し、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製を行うことで、(D−14)の結晶0.40gを得た。以下に化合物の1H NMRを示した。
163 g of 3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile was dissolved in 1500 ml of isopropyl alcohol. After adding 300 g of 50% hydroxylamine solution, the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling, water was added and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. The crystals were washed with isopropyl alcohol and then dried to obtain 167.0 g of (D-14A) crystals.
98.1 g of (D-14A) was dissolved in a solution of 1000 ml of N, N-dimethylacetamide and 40 ml of pyridine, and 37.0 g of trimesic acid chloride was added, followed by stirring at 90 ° C. for 7 hours. After cooling, water was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. The obtained solid dispersed in ethyl acetate was heated, then allowed to cool and filtered twice, and dried. 57.6 g of (D-14B) was obtained.
The (D-14B) 13.8g was dissolved in CH 2 Cl 2 150ml, was added boron tribromide (1.0M CH 2 Cl 2 solution) 200 ml. After stirring at 40 ° C. for 8 hours, water was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. This crystal was dried to obtain 10.5 g of (D-14C).
After dissolving 0.37 g of 2-bromobutanol in 5 ml of dimethylacetamide, 0.29 ml of acrylic acid chloride was added dropwise, and after stirring for 1 hour at room temperature, 20 ml of water and 20 ml of hexane were added to wash the organic layer. After liquid separation, the hexane layer was distilled off, 0.33 g of (D-14C), 0.48 g of potassium carbonate and dimethylformamide were added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ° C. for 5 hours. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with CH 2 Cl 2. The organic layer was concentrated and purified using column chromatography to obtain 0.40 g of crystals of (D-14). The 1 H NMR of the compound is shown below.

1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):1.8−2.08(12H、m)、4.33(6H、t)、4.60(6H、t)、5.89(3H、dd)、6.20(3H、dd)、6.50(3H、dd)、6.80(3H、s)、7.25(2H、s)、9.25(3H、s)。 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ): 1.8-2.08 (12H, m), 4.33 (6H, t), 4.60 (6H, t), 5.89 (3H, dd), 6.20 (3H, dd), 6.50 (3H, dd), 6.80 (3H, s), 7.25 (2H, s), 9.25 (3H, s).

実施例5
[D−5を均一に配向させた薄膜の作製]
ガラス基板上に、ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ(株)製、PVA−203)の水溶液を塗布し、100℃で3分乾燥させた。ポリビニルアルコールの厚みは、0.5μmであった。このポリビニルアルコールの薄膜を設けた基板上に下記塗布液をスピンコートし、90℃の恒温槽中に入れ、5分後に600mJの紫外線を照射して配向状態を固定した。室温まで放冷後、偏光顕微鏡でその配向状態を観察すると、ディスコティック液晶化合物が欠陥なくホメオトロピック配向していることが分かった。液晶化合物の層の厚みは、3.3μmであった。
Example 5
[Preparation of D-5 uniformly oriented thin film]
An aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-203, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was applied on a glass substrate and dried at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes. The thickness of polyvinyl alcohol was 0.5 μm. The following coating solution was spin-coated on a substrate provided with a thin film of polyvinyl alcohol, placed in a 90 ° C. thermostatic bath, and irradiated with 600 mJ ultraviolet rays after 5 minutes to fix the alignment state. After cooling to room temperature and observing the alignment state with a polarizing microscope, it was found that the discotic liquid crystal compound was homeotropically aligned without defects. The thickness of the liquid crystal compound layer was 3.3 μm.

(塗布液)
・前記液晶性化合物 D−5 100質量部
・下記空気界面配向制御剤 V−(1) 0.2質量部
・イルガキュア907(長瀬産業(株)) 3.0質量部
・ジエチルチオキサントン 1.0質量部
・メチルエチルケトン 250質量部
(Coating solution)
-Liquid crystalline compound D-5 100 parts by mass-Air interface alignment controller V- (1) 0.2 parts by mass-Irgacure 907 (Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts by mass-Diethylthioxanthone 1.0 parts by mass / Methyl ethyl ketone 250 parts by mass

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

実施例6
[D−7を均一に配向させた薄膜の作製]
上記実施例5と同様のポリビニルアルコール薄膜を設けた基板上に下記塗布液をスピンコートし、100℃の恒温槽中に入れ、5分後に600mJの紫外線を照射して配向状態を固定した。室温まで放冷後、偏光顕微鏡でその配向状態を観察すると、ディスコティック液晶化合物が欠陥なくホメオトロピック配向していることが分かった。液晶化合物の層の厚みは、3.2μmであった。
Example 6
[Preparation of thin film in which D-7 is uniformly oriented]
The following coating solution was spin-coated on a substrate provided with the same polyvinyl alcohol thin film as in Example 5 above, placed in a thermostatic bath at 100 ° C., and irradiated with 600 mJ ultraviolet rays after 5 minutes to fix the alignment state. After cooling to room temperature and observing the alignment state with a polarizing microscope, it was found that the discotic liquid crystal compound was homeotropically aligned without defects. The thickness of the liquid crystal compound layer was 3.2 μm.

(塗布液)
・前記液晶性化合物 D−7 100質量部
・上記空気界面配向制御剤 V−(1) 0.2質量部
・イルガキュア907(長瀬産業(株)) 3.0質量部
・ジエチルチオキサントン 1.0質量部
・メチルエチルケトン 250質量部
(Coating solution)
・ 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystalline compound D-7
・ Air interface alignment control agent V- (1) 0.2 part by mass ・ Irgacure 907 (Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 3.0 part by mass ・ Diethylthioxanthone 1.0 part by mass ・ Methyl ethyl ketone 250 part by mass

比較例1
[従来のディスコティック液晶性化合物を均一に配向させた薄膜の作製]
上記実施例5と同様のポリビニルアルコール薄膜を設けた基板上に下記塗布液をスピンコートし、190℃の恒温槽中に入れ、5分後に600mJの紫外線を照射して配向状態を固定した。室温まで放冷後、偏光顕微鏡でその配向状態を観察すると、ディスコティック液晶化合物が欠陥なくホメオトロピック配向していることが分かった。液晶化合物の層の厚みは、3.0μmであった。
Comparative Example 1
[Preparation of thin films in which conventional discotic liquid crystalline compounds are uniformly aligned]
The following coating solution was spin-coated on a substrate provided with the same polyvinyl alcohol thin film as in Example 5 above, placed in a thermostatic bath at 190 ° C., and irradiated with 600 mJ ultraviolet rays after 5 minutes to fix the alignment state. After cooling to room temperature and observing the alignment state with a polarizing microscope, it was found that the discotic liquid crystal compound was homeotropically aligned without defects. The thickness of the liquid crystal compound layer was 3.0 μm.

(塗布液)
・下記液晶性化合物 JD−1 100質量部
・上記空気界面配向制御剤 V−(1) 0.2質量部
・イルガキュア907(長瀬産業(株)) 3.0質量部
・ジエチルチオキサントン 1.0質量部
・メチルエチルケトン 250質量部

Figure 0004738025
(Coating solution)
-The following liquid crystalline compound JD-1 100 parts by mass-Air interface alignment control agent V- (1) 0.2 parts by mass-Irgacure 907 (Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts by mass-Diethylthioxanthone 1.0 mass / Methyl ethyl ketone 250 parts by mass
Figure 0004738025

[Δnと波長分散性の比較]
実施例5、6、および比較例1で得られた薄膜の波長分散値(Re(478nm)/Re(748nm)は、KOBRA(王子計測機器(株)製)を用いて、斜め40°から478nmおよび748nmのレタデーションを測定することで求めた。
また、ΔnはKOBRA(王子計測機器(株)製)を用いて、589nmの波長を使用して観察角度を変えてレタデーションを測定し、屈折率楕円体モデルと仮想して、Designing Concepts of the Discotic Negative Compensation Films SID98 DIGESTに記載されている手法でΔn・dを算出し、別途求めた膜厚(d)で割ることで求めた。
結果を第1表に示した。
[Comparison of Δn and wavelength dispersion]
The wavelength dispersion values (Re (478 nm) / Re (748 nm)) of the thin films obtained in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Example 1 were obliquely 40 ° to 478 nm using KOBRA (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments). And 748 nm retardation.
In addition, Δn is measured by using KOBRA (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments), changing the observation angle using a wavelength of 589 nm, and assuming a refractive index ellipsoid model, Designing Concepts of the Discotic It calculated | required by calculating (DELTA) n * d by the method described in Negative Compensation Films SID98 DIGEST, and dividing by the film thickness (d) calculated | required separately.
The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 0004738025
Figure 0004738025

上記表1から、本発明の化合物は、従来の化合物と比較して、高いΔnと低い波長分散性有することが認められた。   From Table 1 above, it was confirmed that the compound of the present invention had high Δn and low wavelength dispersion as compared with the conventional compound.

比較例2
文献記載の方法(Kim, Bong Giらの報告、Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 2001年, 370巻, 391頁)に従い合成した下記化合物JD−2を10μmのセルギャップの水平配向セル((株)EHC製;KSRP-10/A107M1NSS(ZZ))に150℃で注入し、130℃でホメオトロピック配向させた。その後、上記の方法で波長分散性を求めたところ、1.19であった。

Figure 0004738025
Comparative Example 2
The following compound JD-2 synthesized according to the method described in the literature (Kim, Bong Gi et al., Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 2001, Vol. 370, page 391) was converted into a 10 μm cell gap horizontal alignment cell (EHC) Manufactured by KSRP-10 / A107M1NSS (ZZ)) at 150 ° C. and homeotropically oriented at 130 ° C. Thereafter, the wavelength dispersion was determined by the above method and found to be 1.19.
Figure 0004738025

比較例3
下記化合物JD−3を10μmのセルギャップの水平配向セル((株)EHC製、KSRP-10/A107M1NSS(ZZ))に200℃で注入し、190℃でホメオトロピック配向させた。その後、上記の方法で波長分散性を求めたところ1.18であった。

Figure 0004738025
Comparative Example 3
The following compound JD-3 was injected into a horizontal alignment cell (KSRP-10 / A107M1NSS (ZZ) manufactured by EHC Co., Ltd.) having a cell gap of 10 μm at 200 ° C., and homeotropic alignment was performed at 190 ° C. Thereafter, the wavelength dispersion was determined by the above method and found to be 1.18.
Figure 0004738025

比較例2と比較例3の比較から、本発明に近い骨格を有するJD−2は従来の液晶化合物の非重合性タイプであるJD−3よりも高い波長分散性を有することが明らかとなった。   Comparison between Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 revealed that JD-2 having a skeleton close to the present invention has higher wavelength dispersion than JD-3, which is a non-polymerizable type of a conventional liquid crystal compound. .

Claims (5)

記一般式(DI−A)、一般式(DI−B)または一般式(DI−C)で表される化合物。
Figure 0004738025
(一般式(DI−A)、(DI−B)および(DI−C)中、Rは、それぞれ独立に、下記一般式(DI−R)を表す。)
一般式(DI−R)
−L22−L23−Q
(一般式(DI−R)中、L22は−O−、−O−CO−、−CO−O−、−O−CO−O−または−CH2−を表す。L23は−O−、−C(=O)−および−CH2−の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる基であって、かつ、炭素数1〜20である2価の連結基を表す。Qはそれぞれ独立に下記式(M−1)〜(M−6)から選択される重合性エチレン性不飽和結合基または水素原子を表す。)
Figure 0004738025
5 は、水素原子またはメチル基である。
Under following general formula (DI-A), the general formula (DI-B) or the compound represented by the general formula (DI-C).
Figure 0004738025
(In the general formulas (DI-A), (DI-B), and (DI-C), R independently represents the following general formula (DI-R).)
General formula (DI-R)
-L 22 -L 23 -Q
(In the general formula (DI-R), L 22 represents —O—, —O—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—O— or —CH 2 —. L 23 represents —O—. , -C (= O) - following a group selected from the group consisting of and each .Q independently representing a divalent linking group having a carbon number of 1 to 20 - and -CH 2 (It represents a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond group or a hydrogen atom selected from the formulas (M-1) to (M-6) .)
Figure 0004738025
R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
下記D−2、D−3、D−5、D−7またはD−14で表される化合物。
Figure 0004738025
(式中、Rは、それぞれ、左下に示され、R中のXは、右側に示される基である。)
The compound represented by following D-2, D-3, D-5, D-7, or D-14.
Figure 0004738025
(In the formula, each R is shown in the lower left, and X in R is a group shown on the right.)
液晶性を示すことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。 Characterized in that it presents a liquid crystalline compound according to claim 1 or 2. 請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の化合物から形成される層を有する光学要素。 Optical element having a layer formed of a compound according to any one of claims 1-3. 請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の化合物から形成される層を有する位相差板。 Retardation plate having a layer formed of a compound according to any one of claims 1-3.
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