JP4730070B2 - Manufacturing method of thin steel sheet - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of thin steel sheet Download PDF

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JP4730070B2
JP4730070B2 JP2005341927A JP2005341927A JP4730070B2 JP 4730070 B2 JP4730070 B2 JP 4730070B2 JP 2005341927 A JP2005341927 A JP 2005341927A JP 2005341927 A JP2005341927 A JP 2005341927A JP 4730070 B2 JP4730070 B2 JP 4730070B2
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勇樹 田路
和浩 花澤
真次郎 金子
金晴 奥田
俊明 占部
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

本発明は、薄鋼板とした後、この薄鋼板を素材として自動車の超高強度構造部材とするに際し、Ac3変態点以上のような高温域に昇温後、焼入れ、ついで焼戻しを施されるような用途に用いられる、いわゆる焼入れ焼戻し処理用鋼板として好適な鋼板の製造方法に関するものであり、焼入れ焼戻し処理を施した後の強度−延性バランスを良好とすることができ、かつ溶接熱影響部の軟化を小さくすることができる薄鋼板の製造方法に関するものである。
なお、ここで薄鋼板とは、熱延鋼板、冷延鋼板といった、板厚:0.5〜4.0mm程度の鋼板を意味する。
In the present invention, after forming a thin steel plate, when the steel plate is used as a raw material for an ultra-high-strength structural member, the temperature is raised to a high temperature region such as the Ac 3 transformation point or higher, and then quenched and then tempered. It is related with the manufacturing method of a steel plate suitable as what is called quenching and tempering steel plate used for such a use, and can make the strength-ductility balance after performing a quenching and tempering treatment good, and a welding heat-affected zone. it is possible to reduce the softening to a method for manufacturing a thin steel plate.
Here, the thin steel plate means a steel plate having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4.0 mm, such as a hot rolled steel plate and a cold rolled steel plate.

また、ここで焼入れ焼戻し処理とは、特に加熱することなく室温近傍で成形したのち、Ac3変態点以上のような高温域に加熱して焼入れ、ついで焼戻しを行うような、加工後焼入れ焼戻し処理を施す場合の他、鋼板をAc3変態点以上に加熱してオーステナイト域温度で加工を施したのち、該オーステナイト域温度から焼入れ、ついで焼戻しを施すような、いわゆる熱間成形における焼入れ焼戻し処理をも含むものである。 Further, here, the quenching and tempering process is a post-processing quenching and tempering process in which molding is performed in the vicinity of room temperature without heating, followed by quenching by heating to a high temperature range above the Ac 3 transformation point, and then tempering. In addition to the case where the steel sheet is heated, the steel sheet is heated to the Ac 3 transformation point or higher and processed at the austenite temperature, then quenched from the austenite temperature and then tempered, so-called quenching and tempering in hot forming. Is also included.

近年、地球環境の保全という観点から、自動車の燃費改善が要求され、また車両衝突時に乗員を保護する観点から、自動車車体の安全性向上も要求されている。このため、自動車車体の軽量化および強化の双方を図るための検討が積極的に進められている。
自動車車体の軽量化と強化を同時に達成するには、部品素材を高強度化することが効果的であると言われており、最近では引張強さ(TS)が 980 MPa以上の高張力薄鋼板が、ドアインパクトビームやセンターピラー、バンパー等の自動車構造部品に積極的に使用されている。すなわち、高張力薄鋼板を適用して、使用する鋼板の薄肉化を図り、これにより自動車車体の軽量化と強化を同時に達成するものである。
In recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment, there has been a demand for improved fuel efficiency of automobiles, and from the viewpoint of protecting passengers in the event of a vehicle collision, there has also been a demand for improved safety of automobile bodies. For this reason, studies are being actively conducted to reduce the weight and strengthen the automobile body.
It is said that it is effective to increase the strength of component materials in order to achieve weight reduction and strengthening of the automobile body at the same time. Recently, a high-tensile steel sheet with a tensile strength (TS) of 980 MPa or more. However, it is actively used in automotive structural parts such as door impact beams, center pillars, and bumpers. That is, a high-tensile steel sheet is applied to reduce the thickness of the steel sheet used, thereby simultaneously reducing the weight and strengthening of the automobile body.

高張力薄鋼板を加工、成形した自動車用部材には、自動車衝突時にその部材が破壊することなく、変形することで、衝突時の衝撃エネルギーを吸収することが要求される。この点、強度−延性バランスが低い部材や溶接時の熱影響部の軟化が顕著な部材では、衝突時の破断に伴い衝撃吸収エネルギー量が著しく低下する。
このため、これを防止するために、高い強度−延性バランスと共に、溶接時における熱影響部の軟化抑制が求められている。
A member for an automobile that is formed by processing and forming a high-strength thin steel sheet is required to absorb impact energy at the time of collision by being deformed without breaking the member at the time of automobile collision. In this respect, in a member having a low strength-ductility balance or a member in which the heat-affected zone at the time of welding is significantly softened, the amount of energy absorbed by impact is remarkably reduced due to fracture at the time of collision.
For this reason, in order to prevent this, suppression of the softening of the heat affected zone at the time of welding is required with a high strength-ductility balance.

しかしながら、強度−延性バランスについては、薄鋼板を素材とする自動車の車体用構造部品の多くがプレス加工により成形されることから、引張り強さ:980MPa以上の高張力薄鋼板では、母材の延性が低いため必然的にプレス加工後の延性が低くなる。すなわち、鋼板を高強度化すると、伸びが低下してプレス成形性が劣化し、プレス成形後の部材の強度−延性バランスも低くなるという問題があった。
また、引張強さ:980MPa以上の高張力薄鋼板では、スプリングバックを回避し難く、成形後の寸法精度の劣化も問題となっていた。
However, with regard to the balance between strength and ductility, many structural parts for automobile bodies made of thin steel sheets are formed by press working. Therefore, in high-tensile steel sheets with a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, the ductility of the base material Inevitably lowers the ductility after pressing. That is, when the strength of the steel sheet is increased, there is a problem that the elongation is lowered, the press formability is deteriorated, and the strength-ductility balance of the member after press forming is lowered.
In addition, in a high-tensile steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, it is difficult to avoid springback, and deterioration in dimensional accuracy after forming has also been a problem.

これらの問題を解決する代表的な方法として、母材強度:440〜590 MPa級程度の鋼板を、プレス成形後、Ac3変態点以上の温度に加熱したのち、急冷することにより、980MPa以上の鋼板強度を得る方法が挙げられる。
例えば、特許文献1には、質量%で、C:0.05〜0.20%、Mn:0.3〜2.5%、P:0.02%以下、S:0.02%以下、Al:0.06%以下、Ti:0.015%以下、N:0.010%以下、B:0.0005〜0.0040%を含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物よりなる焼入部の靭性に優れた高周波焼入用鋼板が提案されている。この鋼板では、Ti,N,B量および旧オーステナイト粒径を制御することで高周波加熱のような短時間加熱でもBによる焼入れ効果を発揮させ、かつ高速変形時に割れが発生せず高い衝撃吸収エネルギーが得られるが、焼入れ後のミクロ組織が冷却速度の制御により得られたマルテンサイトやベイナイトを主体とするため、十分な強度−延性バランスを得難いという問題が生じ、さらにレーザー等による溶接時に熱影響部が軟化し、衝撃吸収エネルギーの低下や疲労特性の低下を招くという問題があった。
As a typical method for solving these problems, a steel sheet having a base metal strength of about 440 to 590 MPa is press-formed, heated to a temperature higher than the Ac 3 transformation point, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a temperature of 980 MPa or higher. A method for obtaining steel plate strength is mentioned.
For example, Patent Document 1 includes, in mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.3 to 2.5%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.06% or less, Ti: 0.015% or less, A steel sheet for induction hardening including N: 0.010% or less and B: 0.0005 to 0.0040% and excellent in toughness of a hardened portion made of the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities has been proposed. In this steel sheet, the amount of Ti, N, B and the prior austenite grain size are controlled, so that the quenching effect by B can be exhibited even in short time heating such as high frequency heating, and high impact absorption energy without cracking at high speed deformation. However, since the microstructure after quenching is mainly composed of martensite and bainite obtained by controlling the cooling rate, there arises a problem that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient strength-ductility balance. There is a problem that the part softens, resulting in a decrease in shock absorption energy and a decrease in fatigue characteristics.

また、特許文献2には、質量%で、C:0.10〜0.37%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.5%以下、P:0.10%以下、S:0.03%以下、sol.Al:0.01〜0.10%、N:0.0005〜0.0050%、Ti:0.005〜0.05%以下、B:0.0003〜0.0050%を含有し、B−(10.8/14)N*≧0.0005%を満足し、鋼中析出物であるTiNの平均粒径が0.06〜0.30μm であり、かつ焼入れ後の旧オーステナイト粒径が2〜25μm であることを特徴とする焼入れ後の衝撃特性に優れる薄鋼板が提案されている。この鋼板では、Ti,N,B量、TiNの粒径および旧オーステナイト粒径を制御することにより、優れたシャルピー衝撃吸収エネルギーを得ているが、この場合も、焼入れ後に高強度化を図るためマルテンサイトを主体とするミクロ組織とした場合、上記と同様に、優れた強度−延性バランスが得られないだけでなく、溶接時に熱影響部が軟化するという問題があった。   Further, in Patent Document 2, in mass%, C: 0.10 to 0.37%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 2.5% or less, P: 0.10% or less, S: 0.03% or less, sol.Al: 0.01 to 0.10 %, N: 0.0005 to 0.0050%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.05% or less, B: 0.0003 to 0.0050%, satisfying B- (10.8 / 14) N * ≧ 0.0005%, TiN being a precipitate in steel A thin steel sheet having excellent impact characteristics after quenching, characterized in that the average grain size of 0.06 to 0.30 μm and the prior austenite grain size after quenching is 2 to 25 μm, has been proposed. In this steel sheet, excellent Charpy impact absorption energy is obtained by controlling the Ti, N, B amount, TiN grain size and prior austenite grain size, but in this case as well, in order to increase the strength after quenching When the microstructure is mainly composed of martensite, not only an excellent strength-ductility balance cannot be obtained, but also the heat-affected zone is softened during welding.

一方、上記した問題、すなわちプレス成形後の強度−延性バランスの低下やスプリングバックの発生を効果的に回避する方法として、冷間成形に替えて熱間成形(ホットプレス)を利用する方法が注目を浴びている。
この方法は、鋼板をAc3変態点以上の高温に加熱した状態で成形するため、成形性に関しては全く問題がなく、成形後の冷却速度の制御によりマルテンサイトを主体とする低温変態相とすることで、980MPaを超える高強度を得ることができる。
On the other hand, as a method for effectively avoiding the above-mentioned problems, that is, the decrease in strength-ductility balance after press molding and the occurrence of springback, a method using hot forming (hot press) instead of cold forming is attracting attention. Have been bathed.
In this method, the steel sheet is formed in a state heated to a temperature higher than the Ac 3 transformation point, so there is no problem with formability, and a low temperature transformation phase mainly composed of martensite is obtained by controlling the cooling rate after forming. Thus, high strength exceeding 980 MPa can be obtained.

例えば、特許文献3には、質量%で、C:0.18〜0.25%、Si:0.15〜0.35%、Mn:1.15〜1.40%、Cr:0.15〜0.25%、Ti:0.01〜0.03%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる薄鋼板を熱間成形することからなる車輌用衝突補強材の製造技術が提案されている。この技術では、主として熱間成形条件を制御することで、引張強さ:1500 MPa程度が得られ、スプリングバックの回避にも成功しているが、特に優れた衝撃吸収特性を要求される自動車用部材に適用した場合には、溶接熱影響部の軟化に起因した破断により衝撃吸収エネルギーの低下を招くという問題があった。   For example, Patent Document 3 includes, in mass%, C: 0.18 to 0.25%, Si: 0.15 to 0.35%, Mn: 1.15 to 1.40%, Cr: 0.15 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.03%, and the balance Has been proposed a manufacturing technique for a vehicle collision reinforcement material, which comprises hot forming a thin steel plate made of Fe and inevitable impurities. With this technology, mainly by controlling the hot forming conditions, a tensile strength of about 1500 MPa has been obtained, and it has succeeded in avoiding springback, but for automobiles that require particularly excellent shock absorption characteristics. When applied to a member, there has been a problem that impact absorption energy is reduced due to breakage caused by softening of the heat affected zone.

また、非特許文献1には、質量%で、C:0.22%、Mn:1.2 % 、Cr:0.15%、B:0.002 %を含む薄鋼板を熱間成形する技術が開示されている。この技術では、母材強度:590MPa級の鋼板を、 Ac3変態点以上の温度に加熱後、プレス成形と同時に急冷することにより、引張り強さ:1530 MPa、強度−延性バランス:12000MPa・%程度を得ているが(引張試験片サイズ:JIS 5号、板厚:1.4 mm時)、この場合も母材と熱影響部の最大ビッカース硬度差ΔHvが150 程度と大きいところに問題を残していた。 Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for hot forming a thin steel sheet containing C: 0.22%, Mn: 1.2%, Cr: 0.15%, and B: 0.002% by mass. In this technique, the base material strength: the 590MPa class steel sheet, after heating to Ac 3 transformation point or above the temperature, by quenching press forming at the same time, tensile strength: 1530 MPa, the strength - ductility balance: 12000 MPa ·% approximately (Tensile specimen size: JIS No. 5, plate thickness: 1.4 mm), but in this case too, there was a problem where the maximum Vickers hardness difference ΔHv between the base metal and the heat affected zone was as large as about 150 .

特開2000−248338号公報JP 2000-248338 A 特開2002−309345号公報JP 2002-309345 A 特開2002−102980号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-102980 「末広ら;新日鉄技報 第378号 P.15〜20(2003)」“Suehiro et al .; Nippon Steel Technical Report No. 378, P.15-20 (2003)”

従来、焼入れ法により製造された自動車用構造部材において、引張強さ:980MPa以上とするためには、ミクロ組織の主相をマルテンサイトとする必要があるため、上記したように自動車構造部材として必要な強度−延性バランスと溶接熱影響部の軟化抵抗性(以下、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性という)を同時に得ることは困難とされてきた。
また、ホットプレスにより成形された自動車用構造部材についても、引張強さ:980MPa以上とするためには、ミクロ組織の主相はマルテンサイトとする必要があり、上記したように自動車構造部材として必要な強度−延性バランスと耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を同時に得ることは困難とされてきた。
Conventionally, in structural members for automobiles manufactured by the quenching method, in order to make the tensile strength: 980 MPa or more, the main phase of the microstructure needs to be martensite. It has been difficult to simultaneously obtain a good strength-ductility balance and softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone (hereinafter referred to as weld heat affected zone softening property).
Also, for automotive structural members molded by hot pressing, the main phase of the microstructure must be martensite in order to achieve a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, and as described above, it is necessary as an automotive structural member. It has been difficult to obtain a good strength-ductility balance and weld heat-affected zone softening characteristics at the same time.

この理由は、主相をマルテンサイトとした場合には高延性が得にくく、また焼戻しにより延性を向上させようとしてもFe3C等の粗大化により強度は低下するものの延性はそれほど向上しないためである。また、マルテンサイト主体のミクロ組織では、レーザー溶接等を行った場合、熱影響部で著しい軟化が生じ、大幅な溶接部の強度低下や疲労特性の劣化を招く不利もある。   This is because, when the main phase is martensite, high ductility is difficult to obtain, and even if it is attempted to improve ductility by tempering, the strength is reduced due to coarsening of Fe3C or the like, but the ductility is not so improved. Further, in the microstructure mainly composed of martensite, when laser welding or the like is performed, there is a disadvantage that significant softening occurs in the heat-affected zone, leading to a significant decrease in strength of the weld zone and deterioration of fatigue characteristics.

本発明は、上記の問題を有利に解決するもので、焼入れ焼戻し後においても引張強さが980MPa以上で、強度−延性バランスに優れ、かつ溶接熱影響部の軟化を小さくできる焼入れ焼戻し処理に適した薄鋼板の有利な製造方法提案することを目的とする。 The present invention advantageously solves the above-described problems, and is suitable for quenching and tempering treatment that has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more even after quenching and tempering, has an excellent strength-ductility balance, and can reduce softening of the weld heat affected zone. It was an object to propose an advantageous production method of thin steel plate.

さて、発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねたところ、鋼中にVを含む炭化物を微細に析出させることにより、具体的には、粒径が80nm以下の析出物について求めたVを含む炭化物の平均粒径を30nm以下とすることにより、所期した目的が有利に達成されることの知見を得た。
本発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものである。
Now, the inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, by specifically precipitating carbides containing V in steel, specifically, for precipitates having a particle size of 80 nm or less. It was found that the intended purpose was advantageously achieved by setting the average particle size of the obtained carbide containing V to 30 nm or less.
The present invention is based on the above findings.

すなわち、本発明の要旨構成は次のとおりである That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows .

)質量%で
C:0.10〜0.25%、
Si:1.5 %以下、
Mn:1.0 〜3.0 %、
P:0.10%以下、
S:0.005 %以下、
Al:0.01〜0.5 %、
N:0.010 %以下および
V:0.10〜1.0 %
を含み、かつ(10Mn+V)/C≧50を満足し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成からなる鋼スラブを、1000℃以上に加熱後、粗圧延によりシートバーとし、ついで仕上げ圧延出側温度:800 ℃以上の条件で仕上げ圧延を施したのち、下記(1)式で示される温度Ta(℃)以下まで冷却して、巻取ることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。

Ta(℃)=〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400 ・・・(1)
ここで、[%C],[%V]はそれぞれ各元素の含有量(質量%)
( 1 ) C: 0.10 to 0.25% by mass%,
Si: 1.5% or less,
Mn: 1.0-3.0%
P: 0.10% or less,
S: 0.005% or less,
Al: 0.01 to 0.5%,
N: 0.010% or less and V: 0.10 to 1.0%
It includes and satisfies (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, the balance being a steel slab having the composition of Fe and unavoidable impurities, was heated to above 1000 ° C., and a sheet bar by rough rolling and then finish rolling delivery temperature : A method for producing a thin steel sheet, which is subjected to finish rolling under conditions of 800 ° C. or higher, then cooled to a temperature Ta (° C.) or less expressed by the following formula (1), and wound up.
Ta (° C.) = [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}] − 400 (1)
Here, [% C] and [% V] are the contents of each element (% by mass).

)上記()において、巻取り温度を450 ℃以上とすることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 ( 2 ) The method for producing a thin steel sheet according to ( 1 ) above, wherein the coiling temperature is 450 ° C. or higher.

)上記()または()において、巻取り後、巻戻した熱延板を、酸洗し、ついで冷間圧延により冷延板としたのち、該冷延板を Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下の温度域に加熱し、この温度域に10〜300s保持後、少なくとも500℃までを平均冷却速度:10℃/s以上の速度で冷却することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 ( 3 ) In the above ( 1 ) or ( 2 ), after winding, the hot-rolled sheet that has been rewound is pickled and then cold-rolled to form a cold-rolled sheet, and the cold-rolled sheet is then converted to the Ac 1 transformation point. As described above, it is heated to a temperature range of (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. or lower, held at this temperature range for 10 to 300 s, and then cooled to at least 500 ° C. at an average cooling rate: 10 ° C./s or higher. A method for producing a thin steel sheet.

)上記()または()において、巻取り後、巻戻した熱延板を、酸洗し、ついで冷間圧延により冷延板としたのち、該冷延板を Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下の温度域に加熱し、この温度域に10〜300s保持後、少なくとも500℃まで平均冷却速度:10〜50℃/sの速度で冷却することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 ( 4 ) In the above ( 1 ) or ( 2 ), after winding, the hot-rolled sheet that has been rewound is pickled and then made into a cold-rolled sheet by cold rolling, and then the cold-rolled sheet is converted to the Ac 1 transformation point. As described above, it is heated to a temperature range of (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. or lower, held in this temperature range for 10 to 300 s, and then cooled to at least 500 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 10 to 50 ° C./s. A method for producing a thin steel sheet.

5)上記()〜()のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Nb:0.1 %以下、
Ti:0.1 %以下および
B:0.0050%以下
のうちから選んだ1種または2種以上を含有する組成からなることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
( 5 ) In any one of the above ( 1 ) to ( 4 ), the steel slab is further in mass%.
Nb: 0.1% or less,
Ti: 0.1% or less and B: 0.0050% selected from among the following one or thin steel sheet production method which is characterized in that a composition containing two or more.

)上記()〜()のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Cr:0.005 〜1.0 %および
Mo:0.005 〜1.0 %
のうちから選んだ1種を、(2Cr+Mo)/2V≦2.0 を満足する範囲で含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
( 6 ) In any one of the above ( 1 ) to ( 5 ), the steel slab is further in mass%.
Cr: 0.005 to 1.0% and
Mo: 0.005 to 1.0%
A method for producing a thin steel sheet, comprising one type selected from the above within a range satisfying (2Cr + Mo) /2V≦2.0.

)上記()〜()のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Cu:0.5〜5.0%
を含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
( 7 ) In any one of the above ( 1 ) to ( 6 ), the steel slab is further in mass%.
Cu: 0.5-5.0%
The manufacturing method of the thin steel plate characterized by including.

)上記()において、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Ni:0.1〜2.0%
を含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
( 8 ) In the above ( 7 ), the steel slab is further in mass%.
Ni: 0.1-2.0%
The manufacturing method of the thin steel plate characterized by including.

本発明によれば、焼入れ用鋼板の高性能化には従来あまり積極的に利用されることがなかったVを活用することにより、焼入れ焼戻し後に強度−延性バランスに優れ、かつ溶接熱影響部の軟化が小さい、引張強さ:980MPa以上の焼入れ焼戻し処理に適した薄鋼板を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, by utilizing V, which has not been actively used so far for improving the performance of steel sheets for quenching, it has an excellent strength-ductility balance after quenching and tempering, and has a heat-affected zone. A thin steel sheet suitable for quenching and tempering treatment with small softening and tensile strength of 980 MPa or more can be obtained.

以下、本発明を由来するに至った実験結果について説明する。
なお、成分に関する「%」表示は特に断らない限り質量%を意味するものとする。
Si:0.01%、P:0.009%、S:0.002%、Al:0.03%およびN:0.0025%を基本組成とし、これにC,Mn,Vをそれぞれ、C:0.11〜0.25%、Mn:1.00〜1.55%、V:0.15〜0.82%の範囲で種々に変化させて含有させ、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成になるシートバーを、1250℃に加熱・均熱後、仕上圧延終了温度が900 ℃となるように3パスの圧延を行って板厚:4.0 mmの熱延板とした。仕上圧延終了後、コイル巻取り処理に相当する550℃,1hの保温処理を施した。ついで、圧下率:75%の冷間圧延を施して板厚:1.0mmの冷延板としたのち、Ac1変態点からAc3変態点の間の750℃で60s保持後、500℃までの平均冷却速度が20℃/sとなるように冷却し、酸洗した。なお、Ac1変態点以上での保持時間は90sであり、Ac1変態点から500℃までの平均冷却速度は20℃/sであった。
ついで、上記のようにして得られた薄鋼板を、Ac3変態点以上の 950℃で60s保持後、氷水中に焼入れし、600 ℃で10min の焼戻し処理を行った。
なお、ここで、Ac1変態点は670〜700℃、またAc3変態点は770〜840℃であった。
Hereinafter, the experimental results that led to the present invention will be described.
Unless otherwise specified, “%” in relation to ingredients means mass%.
Si: 0.01%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.002%, Al: 0.03% and N: 0.0025% are the basic compositions, and C, Mn, and V are respectively C: 0.11 to 0.25%, Mn: 1.00 to 1.55% V: 0.15 to 0.82% In various ranges, the balance is changed to Fe and unavoidable impurities. The sheet bar is heated and soaked at 1250 ° C, and the finish rolling finish temperature is 900. Rolling of 3 passes was performed to obtain a hot rolled sheet having a thickness of 4.0 mm. After finishing rolling, a heat retention treatment of 550 ° C. and 1 h corresponding to the coil winding treatment was performed. Next, after cold rolling with a rolling reduction of 75% to obtain a cold-rolled sheet with a thickness of 1.0 mm, after holding at 750 ° C. between the Ac 1 transformation point and the Ac 3 transformation point for 60 s, up to 500 ° C. It cooled and pickled so that an average cooling rate might be 20 degrees C / s. The holding time above the Ac 1 transformation point was 90 s, and the average cooling rate from the Ac 1 transformation point to 500 ° C. was 20 ° C./s.
Subsequently, the thin steel plate obtained as described above was held at 950 ° C. above the Ac 3 transformation point for 60 s, then quenched in ice water and tempered at 600 ° C. for 10 min.
Here, the Ac 1 transformation point was 670 to 700 ° C., and the Ac 3 transformation point was 770 to 840 ° C.

かくして得られた焼入れ焼戻し後の薄鋼板の引張特性(降伏強さYS、引張強さTS、伸びEl)を求めた。なお、引張特性は、長軸を圧延方向に直交する方向とする、JIS5号引張試験片を用い、JIS Z 2241の規定に準拠した引張試験により求めた。
また、得られた焼入れ焼戻し後の薄鋼板の耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性についても調査した。なお、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性の評価は、CO2レーザー溶接により、レーザー出力:3kW、溶接速度:4m/min、レーザー焦点位置:薄鋼板表面、シールドガス:Arの条件で溶接し、溶接の影響を受けない母材部および溶接溶融部から熱影響部にかけての板厚断面における板厚の1/4位置でのビッカース硬度を荷重:200gの条件で、0.1mm間隔で測定し、母材部の平均ビッカース硬度と熱影響部の最大ビッカース硬度との差ΔHvを求めることにより行った。
かくして得られた引張特性および耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性と成分組成特に焼入れ焼戻し時の軟化抵抗や炭化物の析出を通じて引張特性などに影響すると考えられるC,Mn,V量との関係について検討したところ、これらの特性は(10Mn+V)/Cをパラメータとすることにより、的確に評価できることが判明した。
なお、(10Mn+V)/Cは、上記検討にて得た回帰式であり、該式中のMn,V,Cは各々の元素の含有量(質量%)である。
また、上記の特性が(10Mn+V)/Cをパラメータとすることにより的確に評価できる理由の詳細は不明であるが、焼戻し処理時の軟化抵抗や、焼戻し処理時に生じるFeやVを含む炭化物のサイズを通じて引張特性に影響を及ぼすと考えられるC, MnおよびVの相互作用への寄与が、各元素ごとに異なるためと考えられる。
The tensile properties (yield strength YS, tensile strength TS, elongation El) of the thin steel plate after quenching and tempering thus obtained were determined. The tensile properties were determined by a tensile test in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2241 using a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece having a major axis in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction.
In addition, the welding heat-affected zone softening characteristics of the obtained steel sheet after quenching and tempering were also investigated. Welding heat-affected zone softening characteristics were evaluated by CO 2 laser welding, welding under the conditions of laser output: 3kW, welding speed: 4m / min, laser focus position: thin steel plate surface, shield gas: Ar. Measure the Vickers hardness at 1/4 position of the plate thickness in the plate thickness cross section from the base metal part and the weld affected zone to the heat affected zone, which is not affected by the load, at 0.1 mm intervals under the condition of load: 200 g. The difference ΔHv between the average Vickers hardness of the part and the maximum Vickers hardness of the heat-affected zone was obtained.
Examination of the relationship between the tensile properties and welding heat-affected zone softening properties obtained in this way and the component composition, especially the softening resistance during quenching and tempering and the C, Mn, and V contents that are thought to affect tensile properties through carbide precipitation. Thus, it was found that these characteristics can be accurately evaluated by using (10Mn + V) / C as a parameter.
In addition, (10Mn + V) / C is a regression equation obtained in the above examination, and Mn, V, and C in the equation are contents (mass%) of each element.
Moreover, details of the reason why the above characteristics can be accurately evaluated by using (10Mn + V) / C as a parameter are unknown, but the softening resistance during tempering and the size of carbides including Fe and V generated during tempering It is considered that the contribution to the interaction of C, Mn, and V, which is thought to affect the tensile properties through, is different for each element.

図1に、TS×Elに及ぼすC,Mn,V量の影響について調べた結果を、(10Mn+V)/Cの関係で示す。
また、図2には、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性(ΔHv)に及ぼすC,Mn,V量の影響について調べた結果を、(10Mn+V)/Cの関係で示す。
図1、図2から、TS×ElおよびΔHvは、(10Mn+V)/50=50近傍で大きく変化し、(10Mn+V)/C≧50とすれば、TS×El:12000MPa・%以上の優れた強度−延性バランスが得られるだけでなく、ΔHv:50以下という優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性が得られることが分かる。
FIG. 1 shows the result of examining the effects of the amounts of C, Mn, and V on TS × El in the relationship of (10Mn + V) / C.
FIG. 2 shows the result of examining the effects of C, Mn, and V amounts on the weld heat-affected zone softening characteristics (ΔHv) in a relationship of (10Mn + V) / C.
1 and 2, TS × El and ΔHv change greatly in the vicinity of (10Mn + V) / 50 = 50. If (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, TS × El: Excellent strength of 12000 MPa ·% or more -It is understood that not only a ductile balance is obtained, but also an excellent weld heat-affected zone softening property of ΔHv: 50 or less is obtained.

さらに、焼入れ焼戻し処理に用いた薄鋼板の析出物についても調査したところ、良好な引張特性および耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性が得られた鋼板はいずれも、粒径が80nm以下の析出物について求めたVを含む炭化物の平均粒径が30nm以下であることが判明した。
ここで、調査をすべき析出物の大きさを80nm以下に限定したのは、粒径が80nmを超える粗大な析出物は、スラブ加熱時に溶け残った析出物であり、後工程の条件でサイズが大きく変化する80nm以下の析出物と異なり、特性に大きく影響しないためである。
Furthermore, when the precipitates of the thin steel plates used in the quenching and tempering treatment were also investigated, all the steel plates that had good tensile properties and weld heat-affected zone softening properties were obtained for precipitates with a particle size of 80 nm or less. It was found that the average particle size of the carbide containing V was 30 nm or less.
Here, the size of the precipitates to be investigated was limited to 80 nm or less. Coarse precipitates with a particle size exceeding 80 nm are precipitates that remained undissolved during slab heating, and were sized under the conditions of the subsequent process. This is because, unlike precipitates of 80 nm or less, in which the characteristics greatly change, the characteristics are not greatly affected.

なお、Vを含む炭化物とは、透過型電子顕微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope:TEM)でのエネルギー分散型X線分光法(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy:EDX)により、VとCの双方を検出した析出物と定義する。
また、このVを含む炭化物の平均粒径は、透過型電子顕微鏡による観察結果を基に画像処理することにより求めることができる。すなわち、画像処理により各析出物の面積を求め、円相当直径に換算し、80nm以下のものについて平均粒径を求めればよい。
The carbide containing V is a precipitate in which both V and C are detected by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is defined as a thing.
Moreover, the average particle diameter of the carbide containing V can be obtained by image processing based on the observation result with a transmission electron microscope. That is, the area of each precipitate is obtained by image processing, converted into an equivalent circle diameter, and the average particle diameter of 80 nm or less may be obtained.

上記したように、鋼成分中、とくにC,Mn,V量を(10Mn+V)/C≧50の範囲に調整すると共に、粒径が80nm以下の析出物について求めたVを含む炭化物の平均粒径を30nm以下に制御することによって、焼入れ焼戻し後に優れた強度−延性バランスおよび耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性が得られるメカニズムの詳細については、まだ明確に解明されたわけではないが、次のように考えられる。
従来の焼入れ用鋼板では、マルテンサイトを主体とする組織としているため、強度−延性バランスが低く、また溶接時に熱影響部においてマルテンサイトが焼戻されるため、顕著に軟化する。さらに、強度−延性バランスや溶接性を改善するために焼戻し処理を行ったとしても、粒界近傍での粗大な炭化物の析出等により強度−延性バランスは大きく低下し、また耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性も改善されない。
As described above, the average particle size of carbides containing V obtained by adjusting the amount of C, Mn, and V in the steel component, particularly in the range of (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, as well as for precipitates having a particle size of 80 nm or less. Although the details of the mechanism by which the excellent strength-ductility balance and softening properties of the heat-affected zone of the weld are obtained after quenching and tempering by controlling the thickness to 30 nm or less have not yet been clearly clarified, It is done.
Since conventional steel sheets for quenching have a structure mainly composed of martensite, the strength-ductility balance is low, and martensite is tempered in the heat-affected zone during welding, so that it softens significantly. Furthermore, even if tempering is performed to improve the strength-ductility balance and weldability, the strength-ductility balance is greatly reduced due to the precipitation of coarse carbides near the grain boundaries, etc. The characteristics are not improved.

この点、本発明では、焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板中のVを含む炭化物の平均粒径を30nm以下とすることにより、焼入れ後の固溶Vを確保可能とし、さらに(10Mn+V)/C≧50とすることにより、焼戻し処理時に容易にFeやVを含む炭化物を微細均一に分散させて、強度−延性バランスおよび溶接性の向上を図ることができる。
まず、強度−延性バランスの向上については、
(1) 焼入れ後の組織が高転位密度のマルテンサイト主体であることに伴う炭化物生成サイトの増加により、焼戻し処理により生じるFeやVを含む炭化物の微細均一化、
(2) 固溶V,MnによるC拡散速度の低下に伴う、焼戻し処理により生じるFeやVを含む炭化物の微細均一化、
(3) Mn,VとCの相互作用による焼戻し軟化抵抗の増大によるTS低下抑制とElの確保などによるものと考えられ、特にVを含む炭化物の粒径を制御し、上記効果が顕著である(10Mn+V)/C≧50の成分範囲とすることで、上記(2), (3)で述べた事項が有効に作用するものと考えられる。
In this regard, in the present invention, by setting the average particle size of the carbide containing V in the thin steel sheet for quenching and tempering treatment to 30 nm or less, it is possible to ensure solid solution V after quenching, and (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50. By doing so, carbides including Fe and V can be easily and finely dispersed during the tempering process, and the strength-ductility balance and weldability can be improved.
First, for improving the strength-ductility balance,
(1) The carbide structure containing Fe and V generated by tempering due to the increase in carbide generation sites associated with the high dislocation density martensite structure after quenching,
(2) Fine homogenization of carbides containing Fe and V generated by tempering treatment due to decrease in C diffusion rate due to solute V and Mn.
(3) It is thought to be due to the suppression of TS decrease due to the increase in temper softening resistance due to the interaction of Mn, V and C and the securing of El, etc. Especially, the above effect is remarkable by controlling the particle size of carbide containing V. By setting the component range to (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, it is considered that the matters described in (2) and (3) above work effectively.

また、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性の向上については、特にVの作用が顕著と思われ、本発明範囲でのVの含有により溶接時の熱影響部近傍でのマルテンサイトの軟化抑制が図れる。これは、上記(1)〜(3)と同様の理由で、溶接時の熱影響部近傍でのFeやVを含む炭化物の微細均一化、FeやVを含む炭化物の粗大化抑制により、マルテンサイトを主体とするTS:980MPa超級の熱影響部の軟化抑制効果が顕著になるためと考えられる。   Further, regarding the improvement of the welding heat-affected zone softening characteristics, the action of V seems to be particularly remarkable, and the inclusion of V within the scope of the present invention can suppress martensite softening in the vicinity of the heat-affected zone during welding. For the same reason as the above (1) to (3), martensite is reduced by making the carbide containing Fe and V fine in the vicinity of the heat affected zone during welding and suppressing the coarsening of the carbide containing Fe and V. This is thought to be due to the remarkable effect of suppressing the softening of the heat-affected zone of TS: 980MPa class mainly composed of sites.

次に、本発明において、鋼板の成分組成を前記の範囲に限定した理由について説明する。
C:0.10〜0.25%
Cは、鋼板の強度増加や炭化物生成の観点から重要な元素であり、本発明では焼入れ焼戻し後に目的とする強度と所望の炭化物量を確保するために、0.10%以上のCを含有させるものとした。一方、0.25%を超えるCの含有は、溶接性を著しく劣化させる。このため、C量は、0.10〜0.25%の範囲に限定した。なお、より好ましくは0.10〜0.20%の範囲である。
Next, the reason why the component composition of the steel sheet is limited to the above range in the present invention will be described.
C: 0.10 to 0.25%
C is an important element from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the steel sheet and generating carbides. In the present invention, in order to ensure the desired strength and desired amount of carbide after quenching and tempering, 0.10% or more of C is included. did. On the other hand, the content of C exceeding 0.25% significantly deteriorates the weldability. For this reason, the amount of C was limited to the range of 0.10 to 0.25%. In addition, More preferably, it is 0.10 to 0.20% of range.

Si:1.5 %以下
Siは、鋼の延性を顕著に低下させることなく、鋼板を高強度化させることができる有用元素である。しかしながら、特に、高い表面美麗性や耐食性を要求される自動車用鋼板の場合、1.5 %を超えてSiを含有させると、表面性状や化成処理性等に悪影響を与える上、これらの悪影響を排除するために必要な鋼板表面の酸洗処理の長時間化等により、大きなコストアップが避けられない。従って、Siは1.5 %以下に制限した。なお、より優れた表面美麗性および耐食性が求められる用途では0.5 %以下とするのが好ましい。さらに、一層優れた表面美麗性および耐食性を得るためには0.25%以下とすることが好ましい。
従来、Siの増加により、強度−延性バランスを向上させる技術が開示されているが、本発明では、上述したように優れた表面美麗性、耐食性を求めるためにSi量を0.01%程度の少量としても炭化物の微細均一化により良好な強度−延性バランスを得ることができる。
Si: 1.5% or less
Si is a useful element that can increase the strength of a steel sheet without significantly reducing the ductility of the steel. However, especially in the case of steel sheets for automobiles that require high surface aesthetics and corrosion resistance, the inclusion of Si in excess of 1.5% adversely affects the surface properties and chemical conversion treatment properties, and eliminates these adverse effects. For this reason, a large increase in cost is inevitable due to the long time required for pickling the steel sheet surface. Therefore, Si is limited to 1.5% or less. In applications where more excellent surface aesthetics and corrosion resistance are required, the content is preferably 0.5% or less. Furthermore, in order to obtain a more excellent surface beauty and corrosion resistance, the content is preferably 0.25% or less.
Conventionally, a technique for improving the balance between strength and ductility by increasing Si has been disclosed. However, in the present invention, as described above, the Si amount is set to a small amount of about 0.01% in order to obtain excellent surface beauty and corrosion resistance. Also, a good balance between strength and ductility can be obtained by making the carbide fine and uniform.

Mn:1.0 〜3.0 %以下
Mnは、焼入れ性を向上させる元素であり、さらに上述したように強度−延性バランスの向上や焼戻し軟化の抑制に大きく寄与する。焼入れ、焼戻し後にこのような高性能薄鋼板を得るには、焼入れ後に安定してマルテンサイトを主体とするミクロ組織を得ることが重要である。また、熱間成形−焼戻し後に高性能薄鋼板を得るためにも、熱間成形後に安定してマルテンサイトを主体とするミクロ組織を得ることが重要である。加工後に焼入れ焼戻しを行う鋼板の場合、高周波焼入れ等を用いての加工後焼入れ・焼戻しを主用途としているため、焼入れ後の冷却速度がそれほど高速ではない場合もあり、薄鋼板の鋼組成を制御して焼入れ性を確保することが重要である。この点は、高温域で加工する熱間成形用薄鋼板の場合も同様であって、高温域で加工したのち焼入れを行う場合には冷却速度がそれほど高速ではない場合もあり、鋼組成を制御して焼入れ性を確保することが重要である。また、Mnは、Sによる熱間割れを防止する上でも有効な元素である。
上記の効果は、Mn量が1.0 %以上の範囲で認められるが、3.0 %を超えて含有させると上記の効果が飽和し、また焼入前の母材強度が顕著に増大し母材の成形性が劣化するだけでなく、熱間成形時の強度が増大する。
このため、Mnは、 1.0〜3.0 %の範囲に限定した。なお、より優れた成形性が要求される場合には 1.0〜1.8 %とすることが望ましい。
Mn: 1.0 to 3.0% or less
Mn is an element that improves hardenability, and further contributes greatly to improving the strength-ductility balance and suppressing temper softening as described above. In order to obtain such a high-performance thin steel sheet after quenching and tempering, it is important to obtain a microstructure mainly composed of martensite after quenching. Also, in order to obtain a high-performance thin steel sheet after hot forming-tempering, it is important to obtain a microstructure mainly composed of martensite after hot forming. In the case of steel sheets that are quenched and tempered after processing, the main purpose is post-processing quenching and tempering using induction hardening, etc., so the cooling rate after quenching may not be so high, and the steel composition of the thin steel sheet is controlled. It is important to ensure hardenability. This also applies to hot forming thin steel sheets that are processed in a high temperature range, and when quenching is performed after processing in a high temperature range, the cooling rate may not be so high, and the steel composition is controlled. It is important to ensure hardenability. Mn is an element that is also effective in preventing hot cracking due to S.
The above effect is recognized when the Mn content is in the range of 1.0% or more. However, if the content exceeds 3.0%, the above effect is saturated, and the strength of the base material before quenching is remarkably increased, and the base material is molded. Not only is the property deteriorated, but the strength during hot forming increases.
For this reason, Mn was limited to the range of 1.0 to 3.0%. In addition, when more excellent moldability is required, it is desirable to set it to 1.0 to 1.8%.

P:0.10%以下
Pは、鋼を強化する作用があり、所望の強度に応じて必要量を含有させることができ、0.005%以上含有していることが好ましいが、P量が0.10%を超えると溶接性が劣化する。このため、P量は0.10%以下に限定した。なお、より優れた溶接性が要求される場合には、P量は0.05%以下とすることが好ましい。
P: 0.10% or less P has an effect of strengthening steel, and can contain a necessary amount according to desired strength, and is preferably contained 0.005% or more, but the P amount exceeds 0.10%. And weldability deteriorates. For this reason, the amount of P was limited to 0.10% or less. In addition, when more excellent weldability is required, the P content is preferably 0.05% or less.

S:0.005 %以下
Sは、鋼板中では介在物として存在し、溶接性の劣化を招くだけでなく、Sを含む粗大介在物は自動車衝突時に鋼板の破壊の起点となり、衝突の衝撃を十分に吸収することなく鋼板が破断するおそれがあるため、Sの混入はできるだけ低減するのが好ましい。S量が0.005 %以下であればこれらの悪影響が無視できることから、本発明ではS量は 0.005%を上限として許容するものとした。なお、より優れた溶接性や衝撃吸収特性を要求される場合には、S量は 0.003%以下とすることが好ましい。
S: 0.005% or less S is present as an inclusion in the steel sheet, not only causing deterioration of weldability, but also a coarse inclusion containing S serves as a starting point for the destruction of the steel sheet in the event of an automobile collision, and the impact of the collision is sufficient. Since there exists a possibility that a steel plate may fracture | rupture without absorbing, it is preferable to reduce inclusion of S as much as possible. Since these adverse effects can be ignored if the S amount is 0.005% or less, in the present invention, the S amount is allowed to be 0.005% as the upper limit. In addition, when more excellent weldability and impact absorption characteristics are required, the S content is preferably 0.003% or less.

Al:0.01〜0.5 %
Alは、鋼の脱酸元素として添加され、鋼の清浄度を向上させるのに有用な元素であり、鋼の組織微細化のためにも添加が望ましい元素である。また、適正範囲のAlを添加したアルミキルド鋼の方が、Alを添加しない従来のリムド鋼に比べて、機械的性質が優れている。さらに、Siと同様、強度−延性バランスを向上させる効果も有する。このため、Al量の下限は0.01%とした。一方、Al量が多くなると表面性状の悪化につながるため上限は0.5 %とした。
Al: 0.01 to 0.5%
Al is added as a deoxidizing element for steel, is an element useful for improving the cleanliness of steel, and is also an element that is desirable to be added for refining the structure of steel. In addition, the aluminum killed steel to which Al in the proper range is added has better mechanical properties than the conventional rimmed steel to which Al is not added. Furthermore, like Si, it has the effect of improving the strength-ductility balance. For this reason, the lower limit of the Al amount is set to 0.01%. On the other hand, an increase in Al content leads to deterioration of the surface properties, so the upper limit was made 0.5%.

N:0.010 %以下
Nは、固溶強化で鋼板の強度を増加させる元素であり、0.001 %以上含有させることが好ましい。しかしながら、焼入れ性向上を目的としてBを添加する場合、NはBと結合して焼入れ性の向上に有効な鋼中のフリーB量を減少させるため、この点では少ない方が好ましく、N量が0.010%を超えると焼入れ性が劣化するため上限を0.010%とした。特に優れた焼入れ性が要求される場合、例えば焼入れ時の冷却速度が遅い場合等には、0.008 %以下とするのがさらに好適である。
N: 0.010% or less N is an element that increases the strength of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening, and is preferably contained by 0.001% or more. However, when adding B for the purpose of improving hardenability, N is combined with B to reduce the amount of free B in steel effective for improving hardenability. If it exceeds 0.010%, the hardenability deteriorates, so the upper limit was made 0.010%. When particularly excellent hardenability is required, for example, when the cooling rate at the time of quenching is low, it is more preferable to set the content to 0.008% or less.

V:0.10〜1.0 %
Vは、本発明において最も重要な元素であり、焼戻し時に極微細炭化物として析出することにより、焼入れ焼戻し処理において強度を低下させることなく延性を回復することができる。
焼戻し時に析出し、析出強化に寄与する元素としては、Ti,Nb,V,Mo,Cr等が知られているが、Ti,Nb等の炭化物は容易に溶解せず、焼戻し時に十分な析出強化量を得るためには1100℃を超える高温に加熱する必要があり、成形後に焼入れ焼戻しを行う場合には勿論、熱間成形において焼入れ焼戻し処理を行う場合にも、表面性状の劣化を招くだけでなく、コストアップにもつながるため不適切である。また、Mo,Cr等の炭化物はVの炭化物よりも溶解し易いが、焼戻し時に十分な析出強化量を得るためには数%を超えて含有させる必要があり、コストアップにつながる。このような理由から、成形、焼入れ後の焼戻し時あるいは熱間成形の際の焼戻し時に微細炭化物を析出させて強度を得ることを目的とする本発明の場合、比較的低温・短時間で溶解可能で、かつ多量に添加する必要なく、焼戻し時に著しい強度上昇を示すVが最も適している。また、Vを含む極微細炭化物により析出強化された組織は、溶接時に熱影響部の軟化が極めて小さい他、Vは焼入れ性を向上する効果も有する。
このような効果は、0.10%以上で顕著となるが、1.0 %を超える過剰な添加はコストアップや成形時の加工性の劣化をもたらす。従って、V量は0.10〜1.0 %の範囲に限定した。なお、上記したVの効果を最大限に発揮させるためには、V量の下限を0.15%とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.20%である。
V: 0.10 to 1.0%
V is the most important element in the present invention, and precipitates as ultrafine carbides during tempering, so that ductility can be recovered without reducing the strength in the quenching and tempering treatment.
Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Cr, etc. are known as elements that precipitate during tempering and contribute to precipitation strengthening, but carbides such as Ti, Nb do not dissolve easily, and sufficient precipitation strengthening during tempering. In order to obtain the amount, it is necessary to heat to a high temperature exceeding 1100 ° C, and not only when quenching and tempering after molding, but also when quenching and tempering in hot forming, it only causes deterioration of the surface properties. It is inappropriate because it leads to cost increase. Further, although carbides such as Mo and Cr are easier to dissolve than V carbides, in order to obtain a sufficient precipitation strengthening amount during tempering, it is necessary to contain more than several percent, leading to an increase in cost. For this reason, it is possible to dissolve at a relatively low temperature in a short time in the case of the present invention, which aims to obtain strength by precipitating fine carbides during molding, tempering after quenching, or tempering during hot molding. In addition, V that shows a significant increase in strength during tempering without the need to add a large amount is most suitable. In addition, the structure strengthened by precipitation with the ultrafine carbide containing V has very little softening of the heat-affected zone during welding, and V also has the effect of improving hardenability.
Such an effect becomes remarkable at 0.10% or more, but excessive addition exceeding 1.0% brings about an increase in cost and deterioration of workability during molding. Therefore, the V amount is limited to the range of 0.10 to 1.0%. In order to maximize the effect of V described above, the lower limit of the V amount is preferably 0.15%, and more preferably 0.20%.

さらに、本発明で目的とする強度−延性バランス、溶接熱影響部の軟化抵抗を得るためには、上記した好適成分組成の範囲に調整した上で、特にC,Mn,V量について(10Mn+V)/C≧50の条件を満足させることが肝要である。
すなわち、鋼組成中、特にC,Mn,V量を(10Mn+V)/C≧50の範囲に調整することにより、前掲図1および2に示したように、優れた強度−延性バランスおよび耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を得ることができる。
この理由の詳細については不明であるが、(10×Mn+V)/Cを50以上とすることによって、FeやVを含む炭化物を微細均一に分散させることが可能となるためと考えられる。
Furthermore, in order to obtain the intended strength-ductility balance and softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone in the present invention, the amount of C, Mn, V is adjusted to (10Mn + V) after adjusting to the above-mentioned preferred component composition range. It is important to satisfy the condition of / C ≧ 50.
That is, by adjusting the amount of C, Mn, and V in the steel composition in the range of (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an excellent strength-ductility balance and welding heat resistance are obtained. Affected zone softening characteristics can be obtained.
Although details of this reason are unknown, it is considered that by setting (10 × Mn + V) / C to 50 or more, it becomes possible to finely and uniformly disperse carbides including Fe and V.

以上、基本成分について説明したが、本発明ではその他にも、以下に述べる元素を適宜含有させることができる。
Nb:0.1 %以下
Nbは、NbNを形成してオーステナイトの粗大化を抑制する効果があり、必要に応じて添加することができる。このような粗大化抑制効果は0.005%以上で顕著となるが、0.1%を超える添加は過剰なNbCの析出をも促し、固溶Cを減少させるため、焼戻し時にVを含む炭化物の体積率が減少する。従って、Nbは0.1 %以下で含有させるものとした。なお、より優れた成形性を有する焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板を得るには、Nbは0.05%以下で含有させることが好ましい。なお、上記の効果を得るため、Nbは0.005 %以上含有させることが好ましい。
The basic components have been described above. However, in the present invention, other elements described below can be appropriately contained.
Nb: 0.1% or less
Nb has the effect of suppressing the coarsening of austenite by forming NbN, and can be added as necessary. Such a coarsening suppression effect becomes significant at 0.005% or more, but addition exceeding 0.1% also promotes precipitation of excessive NbC and reduces solid solution C. Therefore, the volume fraction of carbide containing V during tempering is reduced. Decrease. Therefore, Nb is contained at 0.1% or less. In order to obtain a quenched and tempered thin steel sheet having better formability, Nb is preferably contained at 0.05% or less. In addition, in order to acquire said effect, it is preferable to contain Nb 0.005% or more.

Ti:0.1% 以下
Tiは、TiNを形成してオーステナイトの粗大化を抑制する効果を有する。また、Nと優先的に結合することにより、焼入れ性向上のためにBを添加する場合には、BのNとの結合を抑制する効果がある。このような効果は0.005 %以上で顕著となるが、0.1 %を超える添加は過剰なTiCの析出をも促し、固溶Cを減少させるため、焼戻し時にVを含む炭化物の体積率が減少する。従って、Tiは0.1%以下で含有させるものとした。
なお、より優れた成形性を有する焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板を得るには、Tiは0.05%以下で含有させることが好ましい。また、上記効果を得るためには、Tiは0.005 %以上含有させることが好ましい。さらに、焼入れ性向上のためにBを添加する場合には、Nの含有量に応じてTiを添加することが好ましい。
Ti: 0.1% or less
Ti has the effect of suppressing the coarsening of austenite by forming TiN. In addition, when B is added to improve hardenability by preferentially binding to N, there is an effect of suppressing the binding of B to N. Such an effect becomes prominent at 0.005% or more, but addition exceeding 0.1% also promotes precipitation of excessive TiC and reduces solute C, so that the volume fraction of carbides containing V decreases during tempering. Therefore, Ti is contained at 0.1% or less.
In order to obtain a quenching and tempering thin steel sheet having more excellent formability, Ti is preferably contained at 0.05% or less. Moreover, in order to acquire the said effect, it is preferable to contain Ti 0.005% or more. Furthermore, when adding B for improving hardenability, it is preferable to add Ti according to the N content.

B:0.0050%以下
Bは、焼入れ性を著しく高め、焼入れ後あるいは熱間成形後に安定的にマルテンサイトを生成する効果があり、焼戻し時の炭化物の微細均一化を図る上で重要な元素である。焼入れ時あるいは熱間成形後にマルテンサイトを主体とする組織を得るのに十分な速度で冷却できる場合には、Bの添加は不要であるが、冷却速度が十分に大きくない場合には添加することが好ましい。このような効果を発揮させるには、Bを0.0003%以上含有させることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.0005%以上である。しかしながら、含有量が0.0050%を超えると、上記効果が飽和し、むしろ熱間圧延抵抗の増大、加工性の低下を招くため、B量の上限は0.0050%とした。
B: 0.0050% or less B has an effect of significantly increasing hardenability, stably producing martensite after quenching or hot forming, and is an important element for achieving fine homogenization of carbides during tempering. . Addition of B is unnecessary if cooling can be performed at a rate sufficient to obtain a structure mainly composed of martensite during quenching or after hot forming, but should be added if the cooling rate is not sufficiently high. Is preferred. In order to exert such effects, it is preferable to contain 0.0003% or more of B. More preferably, it is 0.0005% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.0050%, the above effect is saturated, and rather the hot rolling resistance is increased and the workability is lowered. Therefore, the upper limit of the B content is set to 0.0050%.

Cr:0.005〜1.0%、Mo:0.005〜1.0%のうちから選んだ1
(2Cr+Mo)/2V≦2.0
Cr,Moは、焼入れ性を向上させ、焼入れ後あるいは熱間成形後に安定してマルテンサイトを主体とする組織を形成する効果を有する。これらの元素は、単独で添加しても焼戻し時に添加量に見合う強度上昇を得ることができないが、Vと複合して添加することにより、焼戻し後の強度−延性バランスをさらに向上させ得ることが明らかとなった。また、このような効果は、Cr,Moをそれぞれ0.005 %以上添加したときに顕著になり、さらに(2Cr+Mo)/2V≦2.0 の範囲で含有させることが極めて有効であることが明らかとなった。
Cr: 0.005~1.0%, Mo: 1 species chosen from among the 0.005~1.0% (2Cr + Mo) /2V≦2.0
Cr and Mo improve the hardenability and have the effect of forming a structure mainly composed of martensite after quenching or after hot forming. Even if these elements are added alone, it is not possible to obtain an increase in strength commensurate with the amount added during tempering, but by adding them in combination with V, it is possible to further improve the strength-ductility balance after tempering. It became clear. Moreover, such an effect becomes remarkable when 0.005% or more of Cr and Mo are added, respectively, and it has been clarified that it is extremely effective to contain in the range of (2Cr + Mo) /2V≦2.0.

焼戻し後のTS×ElとVの析出に関係すると考えられるCr,Mo,V含有量との関係を検討したところ、(2Cr+Mo)/2Vをパラメータとすることにより、これらの関係が的確に評価できることが判明した。なお、(2Cr+Mo)/2Vは、実験を行い検討して得た回帰式であり、該式中のCr,Mo,Vは各々の元素の含有量(質量%)である。
図3に、(2Cr+Mo)/2Vと焼戻し後のTS×Elとの関係を示す。
同図から明らかなように、焼戻し後のTS×Elは(2Cr+Mo)/2V=2.0 近傍で大きく変化し、Crおよび/またはMoを(2Cr+Mo)/2V≦2.0 を満足する範囲で含有させることによって優れた強度−延性バランスが得られることが分かる。
この理由については明らかでないが、(2Cr+Mo)/2Vが2.0 を超えると焼戻し時に析出するVを含む炭化物の組成がMo,Crリッチになり、その結果、析出物が粗大化し易くなり、強度−延性バランスおよび溶接熱影響部の軟化抵抗が劣化するものと考えられる。
なお、Cr,Moは、それぞれ1.0 %を超える過剰な添加はコストアップや熱間成形時の加工性の劣化を招く。それ故、Cr,Moの好適範囲はそれぞれ0.005〜1.0%とした。
After examining the relationship between Cr, Mo, and V content, which is considered to be related to precipitation of TS × El and V after tempering, the relationship can be accurately evaluated by using (2Cr + Mo) / 2V as a parameter. There was found. Note that (2Cr + Mo) / 2V is a regression equation obtained by conducting an experiment, and Cr, Mo, V in the equation is the content (% by mass) of each element.
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between (2Cr + Mo) / 2V and TS × El after tempering.
As is clear from the figure, TS × El after tempering changes greatly in the vicinity of (2Cr + Mo) /2V=2.0, and Cr and / or Mo are contained in a range satisfying (2Cr + Mo) /2V≦2.0. It can be seen that an excellent strength-ductility balance is obtained.
The reason for this is not clear, but if (2Cr + Mo) / 2V exceeds 2.0, the composition of carbides containing V that precipitates during tempering becomes Mo and Cr rich, and as a result, the precipitates are likely to become coarser, resulting in strength-ductility. It is considered that the softening resistance of the balance and the heat affected zone is deteriorated.
In addition, excessive addition of Cr and Mo exceeding 1.0% respectively leads to cost increase and deterioration of workability during hot forming. Therefore, the preferred range for Cr and Mo is 0.005 to 1.0%, respectively.

Cu:0.5〜5.0%
Cuは、焼入れ後の焼戻し中に、単独で析出し、強度上昇に寄与するほか、FeやVを含む極微細炭化物の生成を促進し、かつFeやVを含む極微細炭化物を一層均一微細にして、添加量に対する強化能を上昇させる効果を有しており、特にVと複合して添加することにより、強度−延性バランスおよび耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性をさらに向上させることができる。
このような効果が得られる理由は、必ずしも明確ではないが、FeやVを含む炭化物に先んじて極微細Cuが析出することにより、この極微細CuがFeやVを含む微細炭化物の核生成サイトとして作用することによるものと考えられる。
上記の効果は、Cu量が0.5%以上の範囲で認められるが、5.0%を超えて含有させると上記の効果が飽和するだけでなく、鋼板強度が顕著に増大して成形性の劣化を招く。
このため、Cuは、0.5〜5.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、上記の効果はCu量が1.0%以上で特に顕著となるため、1.0%以上添加することが好ましい。また、より優れた成形性が要求される場合には4.0%以下とすることが望ましい。
Cu: 0.5-5.0%
Cu precipitates independently during tempering after quenching and contributes to increasing strength, promotes the formation of ultrafine carbides containing Fe and V, and makes ultrafine carbides containing Fe and V more uniform and finer. Thus, it has the effect of increasing the strengthening ability with respect to the added amount, and particularly by adding it in combination with V, the strength-ductility balance and the weld heat-affected zone softening property can be further improved.
The reason why such an effect is obtained is not necessarily clear, but the ultrafine Cu is precipitated prior to the carbide containing Fe and V, so that the ultrafine Cu contains a nucleation site of fine carbide containing Fe and V. It is thought that it is due to acting as.
The above effect is recognized when the Cu content is in the range of 0.5% or more. However, if the content exceeds 5.0%, not only the above effect is saturated but also the strength of the steel sheet is remarkably increased and the formability is deteriorated. .
For this reason, Cu was limited to the range of 0.5 to 5.0%. In addition, since said effect becomes especially remarkable when the amount of Cu is 1.0% or more, it is preferable to add 1.0% or more. Moreover, when more excellent moldability is required, 4.0% or less is desirable.

Ni:0.1〜2.0 %
Niは、Cu添加時に鋼板表面に発生する表面欠陥の防止に有効であり、Cuを添加する場合に必要に応じて含有させることができる。その場合に、Ni含有量はCu含有量に依存し、およそCu含有量の半分程度、すなわちCu含有量の30〜80%程度とすることが好ましい。しかしながら、Ni含有量が2.0%を超えると効果は飽和し、含有量の増大に見合う効果が期待できなくなって経済的に不利となるだけでなく、鋼板強度が顕著に増大して成形性の劣化を招く。このため、Ni量は0.1〜2.0%の範囲に限定した。
Ni: 0.1-2.0%
Ni is effective in preventing surface defects generated on the surface of the steel sheet when Cu is added, and can be contained as necessary when Cu is added. In that case, the Ni content depends on the Cu content, and is preferably about half of the Cu content, that is, about 30 to 80% of the Cu content. However, if the Ni content exceeds 2.0%, the effect will be saturated, and not only will it be impossible to expect an effect commensurate with the increase in content, it will be economically disadvantageous, but also the steel sheet strength will increase markedly and formability will deteriorate Invite. For this reason, the amount of Ni was limited to the range of 0.1 to 2.0%.

なお、本発明では、上記した成分以外については、特に限定していないが、Ca,Zr,REM 等を通常の鋼組成の範囲内であれば含有させても何ら問題はない。
上記した成分以外の残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物である。不可避的不純物としては、例えばSb,Sn,Zn,Co等が挙げられ、これらの含有量の許容範囲については、Sb:0.01%以下、Sn:0.1 %以下、Zn:0.01%以下、Co:0.1 %以下の範囲である。
In the present invention, the components other than those described above are not particularly limited, but there is no problem even if Ca, Zr, REM, etc. are contained within the range of the normal steel composition.
The balance other than the above components is Fe and inevitable impurities. Inevitable impurities include, for example, Sb, Sn, Zn, Co, etc. The acceptable ranges of these contents are Sb: 0.01% or less, Sn: 0.1% or less, Zn: 0.01% or less, Co: 0.1 % Or less.

次に、本発明における鋼板のミクロ組織について説明する。
粒径が80nm以下の析出物について求めたVを含む炭化物の平均粒径が30nm以下
本発明では、従来、焼入れ焼戻し処理に用いる鋼板の高性能化には積極的に利用されることがなかったVを活用することにより、焼入れ焼戻し後のミクロ組織を焼戻しマルテンサイト主体とする組織とし、焼戻し後にVを含む微細な炭化物を析出させることにより、強度−延性バランスおよび溶接熱影響部の軟化抵抗に優れた引張強さ980MPa以上の自動車用部材が得られる。本発明のように焼入れ、焼戻し処理を行う場合、成形後あるいは成形中にAc3変態点以上の温度に鋼板を加熱するが、その加熱工程に要するコストアップや加熱時の鋼板表面の酸化等を抑制するには、加熱温度・保持時間をできるだけ低温・短時間にすることが好ましく、そのためには、焼入れ焼戻し処理に用いる薄鋼板のVを含む炭化物を微細にして、できるだけ低温・短時間で溶解することが必要である。
Next, the microstructure of the steel sheet in the present invention will be described.
The average particle size of carbides containing V obtained for precipitates having a particle size of 80 nm or less is 30 nm or less. In the present invention, conventionally, it has not been actively used to improve the performance of steel sheets used for quenching and tempering treatments. By utilizing V, the microstructure after quenching and tempering becomes a structure mainly composed of tempered martensite, and by precipitating fine carbide containing V after tempering, the strength-ductility balance and the softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone are reduced. An automotive member having an excellent tensile strength of 980 MPa or more can be obtained. When quenching and tempering are performed as in the present invention, the steel sheet is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the Ac 3 transformation point after forming or during forming. However, this increases the cost required for the heating process and oxidizes the surface of the steel sheet during heating. In order to suppress it, it is preferable to make the heating temperature and holding time as low and short as possible. For that purpose, the carbide containing V of the thin steel plate used for quenching and tempering treatment is made fine and dissolved in as low temperature and as short as possible. It is necessary to.

本発明では、上記Vによる薄鋼板の高性能化効果を最大限に活用するために、焼入れ焼戻し処理に用いる薄鋼板のVを含む炭化物の粒径を30nm以下にする必要がある。これは、焼入れ処理の際の加熱時に低温短時間でVを含む炭化物を溶解し、焼戻し時に
(1) Vを含む微細炭化物を必要量析出させる、
(2) Vによる焼戻し軟化抵抗を確保する等の効果を発揮させるに十分な量の固溶V量を容易に確保する
ためである。
なお、より低温・短時間で溶解する必要がある場合には、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径を20nm以下とすることが好ましい。ただし、極度に微細なVを含む炭化物の量を増大させると、焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板の強度が急激に上昇し成形性の劣化を招くため注意が必要である。
In the present invention, in order to make maximum use of the performance enhancement effect of the thin steel sheet due to the V, it is necessary to make the grain size of the carbide containing V of the thin steel sheet used for the quenching and tempering treatment 30 nm or less. This is because the carbide containing V is dissolved at a low temperature in a short time during heating during quenching, and during tempering.
(1) Precipitating a necessary amount of fine carbide containing V.
(2) This is because it is easy to ensure a sufficient amount of solute V in order to exert effects such as ensuring the temper softening resistance by V.
In addition, when it is necessary to dissolve at a lower temperature and in a shorter time, the average particle size of the carbide containing V is preferably 20 nm or less. However, when the amount of carbide containing extremely fine V is increased, the strength of the thin steel plate for quenching and tempering suddenly increases and the formability is deteriorated.

ここで、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径は、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて倍率10万倍で10視野以上観察し、EDX (エネルギー分散型X線分光法)による元素分析でVとCが検出される析出物について画像解析装置を用いて各析出物の面積を求め、円相当直径に換算し、スラブ加熱時に溶け残ったものや、TiN等の粗大な析出物にVが固溶したものと考えられる、直径が80nmを超えるものを除外し、80nm以下の析出物について平均したものを、平均粒径とした。
なお、本発明では、焼入れ前の高温処理時にVを含む炭化物を溶解させ、焼戻し時に極微細炭化物として析出させるものであるため、焼入れ前の鋼板についてはVを含む炭化物がまったく析出していないものであってもよく、このような場合も含まれるのは勿論である。
Here, the average particle size of carbides containing V is observed by 10 or more fields at a magnification of 100,000 using a transmission electron microscope, and V and C are detected by elemental analysis by EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Obtain the area of each precipitate using an image analysis device, and convert it into an equivalent circle diameter, which remains undissolved during slab heating, or in which V is dissolved in a coarse precipitate such as TiN The average particle diameter was determined by excluding those considered to have a diameter exceeding 80 nm and averaging the precipitates of 80 nm or less.
In the present invention, carbide containing V is dissolved at the time of high-temperature treatment before quenching, and precipitated as ultrafine carbide at the time of tempering. Of course, such a case is also included.

また、熱間成形する場合は、特に問題にはならないが、加熱せずに加工し、焼入れ焼戻し処理をする加工後焼入れ焼戻し用薄鋼板については、フェライト相を60%以上とすることが好ましい。
フェライト相の体積率が60%以上
加工後焼入れ焼戻し用薄鋼板の場合、組織全体に対する体積率で、60%以上のフェライト相を有していることが好ましい。というのは、フェライト相が、組織全体に対する体積率で60%未満では、プレス成形後に焼入れを行う場合のような、高度な加工性が要求される自動車用薄鋼板としてプレス加工時に必要な高い延性を確保することが困難となるからである。また、より一層良好な延性が必要とされる用途では、フェライト相は組織全体に対する体積率で70%以上とするのが好ましい。ここで、フェライト相とは、ポリゴナルフェライト、ベイニティックフェライト、アシキュラーフェライト等のフェライトを含むものとする。
なお、上記したフェライト相以外は特に限定されるものではなく、ベイナイト相、マルテンサイト相、パーライト相、残留オーステナイト相等とすればよい。
In the case of hot forming, there is no particular problem, but the post-quenching and tempered thin steel sheet that is processed without being heated and quenched and tempered preferably has a ferrite phase of 60% or more.
The volume fraction of the ferrite phase is 60% or more. In the case of a thin steel plate for quenching and tempering after processing, it is preferable that the ferrite phase has a ferrite phase of 60% or more in terms of the volume fraction relative to the entire structure. The reason is that if the ferrite phase is less than 60% in volume ratio to the entire structure, the high ductility required at the time of pressing as a thin steel sheet for automobiles that require high workability, such as when quenching after press forming, is required. This is because it is difficult to ensure the above. In applications where even better ductility is required, the ferrite phase is preferably 70% or more in terms of volume ratio relative to the entire structure. Here, the ferrite phase includes ferrite such as polygonal ferrite, bainitic ferrite, acicular ferrite and the like.
In addition, it is not specifically limited except the above-mentioned ferrite phase, What is necessary is just to set it as a bainite phase, a martensite phase, a pearlite phase, a retained austenite phase, etc.

次に、本発明の好適製造条件について説明する。
前記の好適成分組成範囲に調整した鋼スラブを素材とし、該素材に熱間圧延を施して、所定板厚の熱延鋼板とする。使用する鋼スラブは、成分のマクロ偏析を防止すべく連続鋳造法で製造することが好ましいが、造塊法、薄スラブ鋳造法によっても製造可能である。また、スラブを製造したのち、一旦室温まで冷却し、その後再度加熱する従来法に加え、冷却しないで、温片のままで加熱炉に挿入する、あるいはわずかの保熱を行った後に直ちに圧延に供する直送圧延・直接圧延などの省エネルギープロセスも問題なく適用できる。
Next, preferred manufacturing conditions of the present invention will be described.
A steel slab adjusted to the above suitable component composition range is used as a material, and the material is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel plate having a predetermined thickness. The steel slab to be used is preferably produced by a continuous casting method in order to prevent macro segregation of components, but can also be produced by an ingot casting method or a thin slab casting method. In addition to the conventional method in which the slab is manufactured and then cooled to room temperature and then heated again, without being cooled, it is inserted into a heating furnace as it is, or after a little heat retention, it is immediately rolled. Energy saving processes such as direct feed rolling and direct rolling can be applied without problems.

熱延条件については、以下のように規定される。
スラブ加熱温度:1000℃以上
加熱温度が1000℃未満では、圧延荷重が増大し、熱間圧延時のトラブル発生の危険が増大する。また、1000℃未満では未固溶の粗大なVを含む炭化物が多く存在し、熱間成形の際の加熱時に十分に溶解することができず、熱間成形後の焼戻し時に、析出による十分な強度上昇が得られない場合がある。
従って、スラブ加熱温度は1000℃以上とするが、加熱温度があまりに高くなると酸化重量の増加に伴うスケールロスの増大につながるので、スラブ加熱温度は1300℃以下とすることが望ましい。
また、スラブ加熱温度を低くし、かつ熱間圧延時のトラブルを防止するといった観点からは、シートバーを加熱する、いわゆるシートバーヒーターを活用することが有効であることは言うまでもない。
The hot rolling conditions are defined as follows.
Slab heating temperature: 1000 ° C. or more When the heating temperature is less than 1000 ° C., the rolling load increases, and the risk of trouble during hot rolling increases. Moreover, if it is less than 1000 ° C., there are many carbides containing undissolved coarse V, which cannot be sufficiently dissolved during heating during hot forming, and sufficient due to precipitation during tempering after hot forming. In some cases, the strength cannot be increased.
Therefore, the slab heating temperature is set to 1000 ° C. or higher. However, if the heating temperature is too high, the slab heating temperature is desirably 1300 ° C. or lower because it leads to an increase in scale loss accompanying an increase in oxidized weight.
Moreover, it goes without saying that it is effective to use a so-called sheet bar heater that heats the sheet bar from the viewpoint of lowering the slab heating temperature and preventing troubles during hot rolling.

仕上げ圧延出側温度:800 ℃以上
上記したスラブ加熱温度に加熱した後、粗圧延によりシートバーとし、ついで仕上げ圧延を施す。仕上げ圧延出側温度(以下、仕上げ圧延温度ともいう)を800 ℃以上とすることで、均一な熱延母板組織を得ることができ、用途上、問題なく使用することができる。しかしながら、仕上げ圧延温度が800 ℃を下回ると、鋼板の組織が不均一になり、成形時に種々の不具合を発生する危険性が増大する。また、これより低い圧延温度の場合に加工組織の残留を回避すべく高い巻取り温度を採用しても、この場合は粗大粒の発生に伴う同様の不具合を生じる。
従って、仕上げ圧延温度は800 ℃以上とした。なお、上限は特に規制されないが、過度に高い温度で圧延した場合はスケール疵などの原因となるので、1000℃以下程度とするのが好適である。
Finishing rolling delivery temperature: 800 ° C. or higher After heating to the slab heating temperature described above, a sheet bar is formed by rough rolling, and then finish rolling is performed. By setting the finish rolling exit temperature (hereinafter also referred to as the finish rolling temperature) to 800 ° C. or more, a uniform hot-rolled base metal structure can be obtained, and it can be used without any problem in use. However, when the finish rolling temperature is lower than 800 ° C., the structure of the steel sheet becomes non-uniform, and the risk of causing various problems during forming increases. Even if a higher coiling temperature is used to avoid the remaining of the processed structure at a rolling temperature lower than the above, in this case, the same problem associated with the generation of coarse grains occurs.
Therefore, the finish rolling temperature is set to 800 ° C. or higher. Although the upper limit is not particularly restricted, it is preferable to set the temperature to about 1000 ° C. or lower because rolling at an excessively high temperature causes scale wrinkles.

上記の仕上げ圧延後、次式(1)で示される温度Ta(℃)以下まで冷却して、巻取る必要がある。
Ta(℃)=〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400 ・・・(1)
ここで、[%C],[%V]はそれぞれ各元素の含有量(質量%)
仕上げ圧延終了後の巻取り温度の制御は、本発明で目標とするVを含む炭化物の平均粒径を30nm以下に制御する上で極めて重要である。
発明者らは、Vを含む炭化物の粒径は、該炭化物の析出速度や成長速度に影響を及ぼすと考えられるC,Vの含有量に依存すると考え、炭化物粒径に及ぼすC,Vの含有量と巻取り温度の影響について調査した。
その結果、〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400(℃)以下まで冷却して巻取ることにより、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径を30nm以下に制御できることが明らかとなった。
After the above finish rolling, it is necessary to cool the coil to a temperature Ta (° C.) or less expressed by the following formula (1) and wind up.
Ta (° C.) = [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}] − 400 (1)
Here, [% C] and [% V] are the contents of each element (% by mass).
Control of the coiling temperature after the finish rolling is extremely important in controlling the average particle size of the carbide containing V targeted in the present invention to 30 nm or less.
The inventors consider that the particle size of the carbide containing V depends on the contents of C and V, which are considered to affect the precipitation rate and growth rate of the carbide, and the inclusion of C and V on the carbide particle size. The effect of quantity and winding temperature was investigated.
As a result, [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}]-400 (° C.) or less is cooled and wound to control the average particle size of carbides containing V to 30 nm or less. It became clear that we could do it.

Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径が30nm以下となる巻取り温度が、C,Vの含有量に依存する理由については明らかではないが、C,Vの含有量によってVを含む炭化物の析出速度および成長速度が極大となる温度域が異なるためと、発明者らは考えている。
巻取り温度が〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400(℃)を超えると、析出炭化物が粗大化し、熱延板が平均粒径30nm以下の炭化物が析出した組織を有する熱延板とならず、焼入れ後の焼戻し時に、析出による十分な強度上昇が得られない場合がある。このため、巻取り温度は〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400(℃)以下に規定した。
Although it is not clear why the coiling temperature at which the average particle size of the carbide containing V is 30 nm or less depends on the C and V contents, the precipitation rate of the carbide containing V depends on the C and V contents, and The inventors think that the temperature range in which the growth rate is maximized is different.
When the coiling temperature exceeds [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}]-400 (° C.), the precipitated carbide becomes coarse, and the hot rolled sheet has a carbide with an average particle size of 30 nm or less. In some cases, a hot-rolled sheet having a precipitated structure is not obtained, and a sufficient strength increase due to precipitation may not be obtained during tempering after quenching. For this reason, the coiling temperature was defined as [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}] − 400 (° C.) or less.

巻取り温度の下限は、材質上は厳しく限定はされないが、450 ℃を下回ると低温変態相であるマルテンサイト相やベイナイト相の分率が増加するので、フェライト相の体積率を60%以上とするためには、巻取り温度は450 ℃以上とすることが好ましい。また、さらに高い成形性が要求される場合には、仕上げ圧延と巻取りとの間の冷却において、薄鋼板としての成形性の向上に有利なフェライト相をより多く生成させるため、温度保持域あるいは徐冷域を設けることが好ましい。
なお、仕上げ圧延後、巻取るまでの冷却速度は、放冷以上の速さであればよく、特に制限はされないが、Vを含む炭化物の微細化の観点からは10℃/s以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは20℃/s以上である。
The lower limit of the coiling temperature is not strictly limited in terms of the material, but if the temperature falls below 450 ° C, the fraction of the low-temperature transformation phase martensite phase and bainite phase increases, so the volume fraction of the ferrite phase is 60% or more. In order to achieve this, the winding temperature is preferably 450 ° C. or higher. Further, when higher formability is required, in the cooling between finish rolling and winding, in order to generate more ferrite phases advantageous for improving formability as a thin steel plate, It is preferable to provide a slow cooling region.
The cooling rate from finish rolling to winding is not particularly limited as long as the cooling rate is equal to or higher than that of standing cooling. However, from the viewpoint of refinement of carbide containing V, the cooling rate should be 10 ° C / s or more. Is preferred. More preferably, it is 20 ° C./s or more.

また、本発明の焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板として好適な熱延鋼板の製造における熱間圧延では、熱間圧延時に圧延荷重を低減するために仕上げ圧延の一部または全部を潤滑圧延としてもよい。潤滑圧延を行うことは、鋼板形状の均一化、材質の均一化の観点からも有効である。この潤滑圧延の際の摩耗係数は0.25〜0.10の範囲とすることが好ましい。また、相前後するシートバー同士を接合し、連続的に仕上圧延する連続圧延プロセスとすることが好ましい。連続圧延プロセスを適用することは、熱間圧延の操業安定性の観点からも望ましい。
さらに、熱間圧延後、形状矯正、表面粗度等の調整のために、10%以下の調質圧延を施してもよい。
また、本発明の焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板として好適な熱延鋼板は、成形の前に、表面処理を行うこともできる。表面処理としては、亜鉛めっき(合金系を含む)、すずめっき、ほうろう等がある。さらに、焼鈍または亜鉛めっき後、特殊な処理を施して、化成処理性、溶接性、プレス成形性および耐食性等の改善を行ってもよい。
Moreover, in hot rolling in the production of a hot rolled steel sheet suitable as a thin steel sheet for quenching and tempering according to the present invention, part or all of finish rolling may be lubricated rolling in order to reduce the rolling load during hot rolling. Performing lubrication rolling is also effective from the viewpoint of uniform steel plate shape and uniform material. The wear coefficient during this lubrication rolling is preferably in the range of 0.25 to 0.10. Moreover, it is preferable to set it as the continuous rolling process which joins the sheet | seat bars which precede and follow, and finish-rolls continuously. The application of the continuous rolling process is also desirable from the viewpoint of the operational stability of hot rolling.
Further, after hot rolling, temper rolling of 10% or less may be performed for shape correction, adjustment of surface roughness and the like.
Moreover, the hot-rolled steel plate suitable as the thin steel plate for quenching and tempering treatment of the present invention can be subjected to surface treatment before forming. Examples of the surface treatment include galvanization (including alloy system), tin plating, enamel and the like. Furthermore, after annealing or galvanization, special treatment may be applied to improve chemical conversion properties, weldability, press formability, corrosion resistance, and the like.

以上、焼入れ焼戻し処理用薄鋼板を熱延鋼板として製造する場合について説明したが、冷延鋼板として製造する場合には、さらに以下の処理が必要となる。
熱間圧延後、冷延圧延に先立ち、常法に準じて酸洗を行うが、極めて薄いスケールの状態であれば、酸洗を省略して直接冷間圧延に供することも可能である。
冷間圧延は、所望の寸法形状の冷延板とすることができればよいので、その条件は特に限定されないが、表面の平坦度や組織の均一性の観点から20%以上の圧下率とすることが好ましい。
As mentioned above, although the case where the thin steel plate for quenching and tempering processing was manufactured as a hot-rolled steel plate was described, when manufacturing as a cold-rolled steel plate, the following processes are further required.
After hot rolling, prior to cold rolling, pickling is performed according to a conventional method. However, in the case of a very thin scale, the pickling can be omitted and directly subjected to cold rolling.
Cold rolling is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a desired size and shape. However, the rolling reduction should be 20% or more from the viewpoint of surface flatness and structure uniformity. Is preferred.

ついで、冷延板に焼鈍を行い冷延焼鈍板とする。この焼鈍は、連続焼鈍ラインか連続溶融亜鉛めっきラインのいずれかにおいて行うことが好ましい。
焼鈍条件については以下のように規定される。
焼鈍温度:Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下
Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下での保持時間:10〜300s
焼鈍中の最高到達温度である焼鈍温度がAc1変態点未満では、冷間圧延の残留応力が十分に除去できず、熱間成形や室温での加工の際に変形するおそれが大きく、安定した成形が困難になる可能性がある。一方、(Ac3変態点+200)℃ を超えるとオーステナイト粒径が粗大になり、強度−延性バランスの低下を招く。従って、焼鈍温度はAc1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下とした。
また、 Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下の温度域はVを含む炭化物が析出する温度域であり、長時間の保持はVを含む炭化物の粗大化を招くため、保持時間は300s以下とする必要がある。より好ましくは120s以下である。一方、保持時間が10s未満では十分に均一な組織が得難いという問題がある。
なお、ここで保持時間とは、上記温度域での滞留時間を意味する。また、Ac1変態点やAc3変態点は熱膨張率を測定することによって、求めることができる。
Next, the cold-rolled sheet is annealed to obtain a cold-rolled sheet. This annealing is preferably performed in either a continuous annealing line or a continuous hot dip galvanizing line.
The annealing conditions are defined as follows.
Annealing temperature: Ac 1 transformation point or more, (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. or less Ac 1 transformation point or more, (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. The retention time of the following: 10~300S
If the annealing temperature, which is the highest temperature during annealing, is less than the Ac 1 transformation point, the residual stress of cold rolling cannot be removed sufficiently, and there is a large risk of deformation during hot forming or processing at room temperature, which is stable. Molding may be difficult. On the other hand, if it exceeds (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C., the austenite grain size becomes coarse and the strength-ductility balance is lowered. Therefore, the annealing temperature was set to be not lower than the Ac 1 transformation point and not higher than (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C.
Also, the temperature range from Ac 1 transformation point to (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. is the temperature range where carbides containing V are precipitated, and holding for a long time leads to coarsening of carbides containing V. The time needs to be 300 s or less. More preferably, it is 120 s or less. On the other hand, if the holding time is less than 10 seconds, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a sufficiently uniform structure.
Here, the holding time means a residence time in the above temperature range. The Ac 1 transformation point and Ac 3 transformation point can be obtained by measuring the thermal expansion coefficient.

焼鈍後の冷却:上記温度域での保持後 500℃までの平均冷却速度:10℃/s以上
焼鈍後の冷却は、上記の Ac1変態点〜(Ac3変態点+200)℃の温度域における保持の後、少なくとも500 ℃までの間を平均冷却速度:10℃/s以上の速度で冷却する必要がある。平均冷却速度が10℃/s未満では、生産性が低下するだけでなく、冷却中にVを含む炭化物が析出・粗大化し、冷延焼鈍板が平均粒径:30nm以下のVを含む炭化物が析出した組織を有するものにならず、焼入れ焼戻し時や熱間成形後の焼戻し時に、析出による十分な強度上昇が得られない場合がある。このため、上記温度域での保持後 500℃までの平均冷却速度、すなわち上記温度域の下限温度であるAc1変態点から500℃までの平均冷却速度は 10℃/s以上とする。より好ましくは15℃/s以上である。
Cooling after annealing: Average cooling rate up to 500 ° C after holding in the above temperature range: 10 ° C / s or more Cooling after annealing is performed in the temperature range from the above Ac 1 transformation point to (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. After holding, it is necessary to cool at an average cooling rate of at least 10 ° C / s up to at least 500 ° C. When the average cooling rate is less than 10 ° C./s, not only the productivity is reduced, but also carbides containing V are precipitated and coarsened during cooling, and the cold-rolled annealed plate contains carbides containing V having an average particle size of 30 nm or less. In some cases, the structure does not have a precipitated structure, and a sufficient strength increase due to precipitation may not be obtained during quenching and tempering or tempering after hot forming. For this reason, the average cooling rate up to 500 ° C. after holding in the above temperature range, that is, the average cooling rate from the Ac 1 transformation point, which is the lower limit temperature of the above temperature range, to 500 ° C. is 10 ° C./s or more. More preferably, it is 15 ° C./s or more.

また、室温で加工後に焼入れ焼戻し処理を行う場合のように、室温での加工性が要求される場合は、以下の焼鈍条件とすることが好ましい。
焼鈍温度:Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下
Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下での保持時間:10〜300s
上述したように、焼鈍温度がAc1変態点未満では、冷間圧延の残留応力が十分に除去できず、安定した成形が困難になる可能性がある。一方、(Ac3変態点+200)℃ を超えるとオーステナイト粒径が粗大となり、冷延薄鋼板の成形性や自動車用部材の強度−延性バランスが低下する。
また、前述したように、この温度域はVを含む炭化物が析出する温度域であり、長時間の保持はVを含む炭化物の粗大化を招くため、保持時間は 300s以下とする必要がある。より好ましくは 120s以下である。一方、保持時間が10s未満では十分に均一な組織が得難いという問題がある。
Moreover, when workability at room temperature is required as in the case of performing quenching and tempering after processing at room temperature, the following annealing conditions are preferable.
Annealing temperature: Ac 1 transformation point or more, (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. or less Ac 1 transformation point or more, (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. The retention time of the following: 10~300S
As described above, if the annealing temperature is less than the Ac 1 transformation point, the residual stress of cold rolling cannot be sufficiently removed, and stable forming may be difficult. On the other hand, if it exceeds (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C., the austenite grain size becomes coarse, and the formability of the cold-rolled thin steel sheet and the strength-ductility balance of the automotive member are lowered.
Further, as described above, this temperature range is a temperature range where carbides containing V are precipitated, and holding for a long time leads to coarsening of carbides containing V, so the holding time needs to be 300 s or less. More preferably, it is 120 s or less. On the other hand, if the holding time is less than 10 seconds, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a sufficiently uniform structure.

焼鈍後の冷却:上記温度域での保持後 500℃まで平均冷却速度:10〜50℃/s
焼鈍後の冷却は、上記の Ac1変態点〜(Ac3変態点+200)℃の温度域における保持の後、少なくとも 500℃までの間を平均冷却速度:10〜50℃/sで冷却する必要がある。平均冷却速度が10℃/s未満では、生産性が低下するだけでなく、冷却中にVを含む炭化物が析出・粗大化し、冷延焼鈍板が平均粒径:30nm以下のVを含む炭化物が析出した組織を有するものとならず、成形、焼入れ・焼戻し後に、析出による十分な強度上昇が得られない場合がある。このため、上記温度域での保持後 500℃までの平均冷却速度は10℃/s以上とする。より好ましくは15℃/s以上である。一方、平均冷却速度の上限については、あまりに速すぎると、フェライト相の体積率を60%以上とすることが困難となり、室温近傍での成形性が低下する傾向にあるため、成形性確保の観点から50℃/sとした。
Cooling after annealing: After holding in the above temperature range, average cooling rate up to 500 ° C: 10-50 ° C / s
Cooling after annealing requires cooling at an average cooling rate of 10-50 ° C / s at least up to 500 ° C after holding in the temperature range of Ac 1 transformation point to (Ac 3 transformation point +200) ° C. There is. When the average cooling rate is less than 10 ° C./s, not only the productivity is reduced, but also carbides containing V are precipitated and coarsened during cooling, and the cold-rolled annealed plate contains carbides containing V having an average particle size of 30 nm or less. In some cases, it does not have a precipitated structure, and a sufficient strength increase due to precipitation may not be obtained after molding, quenching, and tempering. For this reason, the average cooling rate up to 500 ° C after holding in the above temperature range is 10 ° C / s or more. More preferably, it is 15 ° C./s or more. On the other hand, with respect to the upper limit of the average cooling rate, if it is too fast, it becomes difficult to make the volume fraction of the ferrite phase 60% or more, and the formability near room temperature tends to decrease. To 50 ° C./s.

なお、上記冷却後は特に限定されるものではないが、500℃から350℃までの温度域は低温変態相(マルテンサイトやベイナイト)の強度に大きく影響するので、室温での加工性を向上させる上では、500℃から350℃までの間の滞留時間を30s以上として冷却することが好ましい。滞留時間が30s未満では、低温変態相が硬質化し易く室温での加工が困難となる場合がある。一方、滞留時間の上限は生産性の観点から600s程度とすることが好ましい。
なお、上記の焼鈍後に、形状矯正、表面粗度等の調整のために、10%以下の調質圧延を施してもよい。
Although there is no particular limitation after the cooling, the temperature range from 500 ° C. to 350 ° C. greatly affects the strength of the low temperature transformation phase (martensite and bainite), so that the processability at room temperature is improved. In the above, it is preferable to cool by setting the residence time between 500 ° C. and 350 ° C. to 30 seconds or more. If the residence time is less than 30 s, the low-temperature transformation phase tends to harden and processing at room temperature may be difficult. On the other hand, the upper limit of the residence time is preferably about 600 s from the viewpoint of productivity.
In addition, you may perform temper rolling of 10% or less after said annealing for adjustment of shape correction, surface roughness, etc.

かくして、焼入れ焼戻し処理用の熱間薄鋼板および冷間薄鋼板を得ることができる。
これらの鋼板は、その後に焼入れ焼戻し処理を施して、超高強度部材とする。
ここに、焼入れ焼戻し処理は、特に限定されるわけではないが、室温近傍で加工後、加熱して焼入れするに際しては、焼入れ温度:Ac3〜(Ac3+200)℃、保持時間:1〜600s、焼入れ温度から300 ℃までの平均冷却速度:20℃/s以上、また焼戻しに際しては、焼戻し温度:400 ℃〜Ac1変態点、保持時間:10〜3600s程度とすることが望ましい。一方、熱間成形に際しては、成形温度:Ac3〜(Ac3+200)℃、保持時間:10〜600s、熱間成形温度から300 ℃までの平均冷却速度:20℃/s以上、また焼戻しに際しては、焼戻し温度:400℃〜Ac1変態点、保持時間:10〜3600s程度とすることが好ましい。
Thus, a hot steel sheet and a cold steel sheet for quenching and tempering can be obtained.
These steel plates are subsequently subjected to quenching and tempering treatment to form ultra-high strength members.
Here, the quenching and tempering treatment is not particularly limited, but the quenching temperature: Ac 3 to (Ac 3 +200) ° C. and the holding time: 1 to 600 s when being heated and quenched after processing near room temperature. The average cooling rate from the quenching temperature to 300 ° C .: 20 ° C./s or more, and at the time of tempering, it is desirable to set the tempering temperature: 400 ° C. to Ac 1 transformation point and the holding time: about 10 to 3600 s. On the other hand, during hot forming, forming temperature: Ac 3 to (Ac 3 +200) ° C., holding time: 10 to 600 s, average cooling rate from hot forming temperature to 300 ° C .: 20 ° C./s or more, and during tempering Is preferably tempering temperature: 400 ° C. to Ac 1 transformation point and holding time: about 10 to 3600 s.

実施例1
この例は、本発明に従い薄鋼板を製造し、室温で成形後、焼入れ焼戻し処理を行った場合の例である。
表1に示す成分組成からなる溶鋼を、転炉で溶製し、連続鋳造法で鋼スラブとした。なお、Ac1変態点、Ac3変態点については、熱膨張の測定により求めた。
ついで、これら鋼スラブを、表2に示す条件で板厚:4.0 mmの熱延板とし、酸洗後、伸び率:1.0 %の調質圧延を施した。
かくして得られた熱延板から試験片を採取し、組織観察を行った。また、引張試験を実施して、引張特性について調べた。得られた結果を表2に併記する。
さらに、得られた鋼板から、圧延方向を長手方向として300mm×220mm の試片を採取し、図4に示す形状に加工して試験部材を作成し、たて壁部から圧延方向を引張方向とするJIS 5 号試験片を採取して、焼入れ焼戻し後の引張特性を調査すると共に、フランジ部について、下記のような CO2レーザー溶接を行い、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性について調査した。ここで、焼入れ焼戻し条件としては、焼入れ温度:900 ℃、保持時間:60s、冷却速度(焼入れ速度):50℃/s、焼戻し温度:600℃、焼戻し時間:600sとした。得られた結果を表3に示す。
Example 1
This example is an example in which a thin steel plate is produced according to the present invention, formed at room temperature, and then quenched and tempered.
The molten steel comprising a composition shown in Table 1, were melted in a converter furnace, and the steel slab by a continuous casting method. The Ac 1 transformation point and Ac 3 transformation point were determined by measuring thermal expansion.
Subsequently, these steel slabs were made into hot-rolled sheets with a thickness of 4.0 mm under the conditions shown in Table 2, and subjected to temper rolling with an elongation of 1.0% after pickling.
A test piece was collected from the hot-rolled sheet thus obtained, and the structure was observed. In addition, a tensile test was conducted to examine tensile properties. The obtained results are also shown in Table 2.
Further, from the obtained steel plate, a specimen of 300 mm × 220 mm with the rolling direction as the longitudinal direction is taken, processed into the shape shown in FIG. 4 to create a test member, and the rolling direction from the vertical wall is set as the tensile direction. JIS No. 5 test specimens were collected and examined for tensile properties after quenching and tempering, and the flanges were subjected to the following CO 2 laser welding to investigate the softening properties of the heat-affected zone at welding heat-affected zones. Here, as quenching and tempering conditions, quenching temperature: 900 ° C., holding time: 60 s, cooling rate (quenching rate): 50 ° C./s, tempering temperature: 600 ° C., tempering time: 600 s. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.

なお、試験方法の詳細は次のとおりである。
(1) 組織観察
得られた鋼板から試験片を採取し、圧延方向に直交する断面(C断面)について、光学顕微鏡あるいは走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて微視組織を撮像し、画像解析装置を用いてフェライト相やマルテンサイト相等、組織の種類の同定を行い、それらの組織分率(面積率)を求め体積率とした。
なお、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径は、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて倍率20万倍で10視野以上観察し、EDX (エネルギー分散型X線分光法)による元素分析でVとCが検出される析出物について画像解析装置を用いて各析出物の面積を求め、円相当直径に換算し、直径が80nm以下の析出物について平均粒径を求めた。
The details of the test method are as follows.
(1) Microstructure observation A specimen is taken from the obtained steel sheet, and the cross-section (C cross section) perpendicular to the rolling direction is imaged with an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope, and an image analysis apparatus is used. Thus, the types of structures such as ferrite phase and martensite phase were identified, and the structure fraction (area ratio) was obtained and used as the volume ratio.
The average particle size of carbides containing V was observed with a transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 200,000 times and over 10 fields, and V and C were detected by elemental analysis using EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). The area of each precipitate was determined using an image analysis device, and the average particle size was determined for the precipitate having a diameter of 80 nm or less.

(2) 引張試験
得られた鋼板から長軸を圧延方向に直交する方向としたJIS5号引張試験片(板厚:4.0mm)を採取し、JIS Z 2241の規定に準拠して引張試験を行い、引張特性(降伏応力(YS)、引張強さ(TS)、伸び(El)、降伏比(YR))を求めた。
(2) Tensile test A JIS No. 5 tensile test piece (thickness: 4.0 mm) with the long axis perpendicular to the rolling direction was taken from the obtained steel sheet and subjected to a tensile test in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2241. The tensile properties (yield stress (YS), tensile strength (TS), elongation (El), yield ratio (YR)) were determined.

(3) 耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性
耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性は、CO2レーザー溶接により、レーザー出力:3kW 、溶接速度:4m/min 、レーザー焦点位置:薄鋼板表面、シールドガス:Arの条件で溶接し、溶接の影響を受けない母材部および溶接溶融部から熱影響部にかけての板厚断面における板厚の1/4位置でのビッカース硬度を荷重:200gの条件で、0.1mm間隔で測定し、母材部の平均ビッカース硬度と熱影響部の最大ビッカース硬度との差ΔHvで評価した。
(3) anti-weld heat affected zone softening properties resistant HAZ softening properties, by CO 2 laser welding, laser power: 3 kW, welding speed: 4m / min, the laser focal position: sheet steel surface, shielding gas: the Ar Vickers hardness at the 1/4 position of the plate thickness in the plate thickness section from the base metal part that is not affected by welding and from the weld melt zone to the heat affected zone, with a load of 200 g, at intervals of 0.1 mm And evaluated by the difference ΔHv between the average Vickers hardness of the base material portion and the maximum Vickers hardness of the heat affected zone.

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

表2に示したとおり、本発明に従い得られた熱延薄鋼板はいずれも、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径が30nm以下であった。
また、表3から明らかなように、本発明の熱延薄鋼板を、成形後、実際に焼入れ焼戻し処理を施した場合には、TS×Elが12000MPa・%以上という優れた強度−延性バランスと共に、ΔHvが50以下という優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性が得られている。
これに対し、本発明の適正範囲を外れた比較例では、強度−延性バランス(TS×El)が12000MPa・%未満、あるいはΔHvが50を超える値となっていた。
なお、フェライト相の体積率が60%未満となった鋼板No.10は、焼入れ焼戻し後の部材特性は良好であったが、熱延薄鋼板としてのTS×Elが低く、焼入れ焼戻し処理前の成形性に問題があった。
As shown in Table 2, all the hot-rolled thin steel sheets obtained according to the present invention had an average particle size of carbides containing V of 30 nm or less.
Further, as apparent from Table 3, when the hot-rolled thin steel sheet of the present invention was actually subjected to quenching and tempering after forming, TS × El was 12000 MPa ·% or more with an excellent strength-ductility balance. Excellent welding heat-affected zone softening properties of ΔHv of 50 or less are obtained.
On the other hand, in the comparative example outside the proper range of the present invention, the strength-ductility balance (TS × El) was less than 12000 MPa ·%, or ΔHv exceeded 50.
Note that steel plate No. 10 with a ferrite phase volume fraction of less than 60% had good member properties after quenching and tempering, but TS × El as a hot-rolled thin steel plate was low, and before quenching and tempering treatment. There was a problem with formability.

実施例2
実施例1で得た熱延板を、酸洗後、圧下率:75%で冷間圧延を施して板厚:1.0 mmの冷延板とした。ついで、この冷延板に対し、連続焼鈍ラインにて表4に示す条件で焼鈍を施したのち、さらに伸び率:1.0 %の調質圧延を施した。
かくして得られた冷延焼鈍板から試験片を採取し、組織観察を行った。また、引張試験を実施して、引張特性について調べた。得られた結果を表4に併記する。
さらに、実施例1と同様に試験部材を作成し、実施例1と同じ条件で焼入れ焼戻しを行った後の引張特性および耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性についても調査した。得られた結果を表5に示す。
Example 2
The hot-rolled sheet obtained in Example 1 was pickled and cold-rolled at a rolling reduction of 75% to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a thickness of 1.0 mm. Next, the cold-rolled sheet was annealed under the conditions shown in Table 4 in a continuous annealing line, and further subjected to temper rolling with an elongation of 1.0%.
A specimen was collected from the cold-rolled annealed plate thus obtained, and the structure was observed. In addition, a tensile test was conducted to examine tensile properties. The obtained results are also shown in Table 4.
Further, a test member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the tensile characteristics and the weld heat-affected zone softening characteristics after quenching and tempering under the same conditions as in Example 1 were also investigated. The results obtained are shown in Table 5.

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

表4に示したとおり、本発明に従い得られた冷延薄鋼板はいずれも、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径が30nm以下であった。
また、表5から明らかなように、この冷延薄鋼板を、成形後、実際に焼入れ焼戻し処理を施した場合には、TS×Elが12000MPa・%以上という優れた強度−延性バランスと共に、ΔHvが50以下という優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を得ることができた。
これに対し、本発明の適正範囲を外れた比較例では、強度−延性バランス(TS×El)が12000MPa・%未満、あるいはΔHvが50を超える値となっていた。
なお、発明例のうちフェライト相の体積率が60%未満となった鋼板No.12 は、冷延薄鋼板としてのTS×Elが低く、焼入れ処理前の成形性に問題があった。
As shown in Table 4, all of the cold-rolled thin steel sheets obtained according to the present invention had an average particle size of carbides containing V of 30 nm or less.
Further, as apparent from Table 5, when this cold-rolled thin steel sheet was actually subjected to quenching and tempering after forming, ΔHv together with an excellent strength-ductility balance of TS × El of 12000 MPa ·% or more. As a result, it was possible to obtain an excellent welding heat-affected zone softening characteristic of 50 or less.
On the other hand, in the comparative example outside the proper range of the present invention, the strength-ductility balance (TS × El) was less than 12000 MPa ·%, or ΔHv exceeded 50.
Note that steel plate No. 12 in which the volume fraction of the ferrite phase was less than 60% in the inventive examples had a low TS × El as a cold-rolled thin steel plate, and there was a problem in formability before quenching.

実施例3
この例は、本発明に従い薄鋼板を製造し、得られた薄鋼板を熱間成形した例に関するものである。
表1に示す成分組成からなる溶鋼を、転炉で溶製し、連続鋳造法で鋼スラブとした。ついで、これら鋼スラブを、表6に示す条件で板厚:4.0 mmの熱延板とし、酸洗後、伸び率:1.0 %の調質圧延を施した。
かくして得られた熱延板から試験片を採取し、組織観察を行った。また、引張試験を実施して、引張特性について調べた。得られた結果を表6に併記する。
さらに、得られた鋼板から、圧延方向を長手方向として300mm×220mmの試片を採取し、図4に示す形状に、下記の条件で熱間成形後、焼入れ焼戻しを行う熱間成形処理を行い、試験部材を作成した。作成した試験部材のたて壁部からJIS 5 号試験片を採取して、熱間成形後の引張特性を調査すると共に、フランジ部について前述した実施例1,2と同様にCO2レーザー溶接を行い、耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性について調査した。得られた結果を表7に示す。
熱間成形条件 成形温度:900℃
保持時間:60s
平均冷却速度:50℃/s
焼戻し温度:600℃
焼戻し時間:600s
Example 3
This example relates to an example in which a thin steel plate is produced according to the present invention and the obtained thin steel plate is hot-formed.
The molten steel comprising a composition shown in Table 1, were melted in a converter furnace, and the steel slab by a continuous casting method. Subsequently, these steel slabs were formed into hot-rolled sheets having a thickness of 4.0 mm under the conditions shown in Table 6, and subjected to temper rolling with an elongation of 1.0% after pickling.
A test piece was collected from the hot-rolled sheet thus obtained, and the structure was observed. In addition, a tensile test was conducted to examine tensile properties. The obtained results are also shown in Table 6.
Further, from the obtained steel sheet, a specimen of 300 mm × 220 mm with the rolling direction as the longitudinal direction was collected, and after the hot forming under the following conditions, the hot forming process was performed to the shape shown in FIG. A test member was prepared. Take a JIS No. 5 test piece from the vertical wall of the test member that was created, investigate the tensile properties after hot forming, and perform CO 2 laser welding in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 described above for the flange. The welding heat-affected zone softening characteristics were investigated. The results obtained are shown in Table 7.
Hot forming conditions Molding temperature: 900 ℃
Holding time: 60s
Average cooling rate: 50 ℃ / s
Tempering temperature: 600 ℃
Tempering time: 600s

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

表6に示したとおり、本発明に従い得られた熱間成形用の熱延薄鋼板はいずれも、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径は30nm以下であった。
また、表7から明らかなように、この熱間成形用熱延薄鋼板を、実際に熱間成形後、焼戻し処理を施した場合には、TS×Elが12000MPa・%以上という優れた強度−延性バランスおよびΔHvが50以下という優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を得ることができた。
これに対し、本発明の適正範囲を外れた比較例はいずれも、強度−延性バランス(TS×El)が12000MPa・%未満であった。
As shown in Table 6, the hot-rolled thin steel sheet for hot forming obtained according to the present invention had an average particle size of carbides containing V of 30 nm or less.
Further, as apparent from Table 7, when this hot-rolled thin steel sheet for hot forming was actually subjected to tempering after hot forming, TS × El was excellent strength of 12000 MPa ·% or more− Excellent weld heat-affected zone softening properties with ductility balance and ΔHv of 50 or less could be obtained.
On the other hand, in all of the comparative examples outside the proper range of the present invention, the strength-ductility balance (TS × El) was less than 12000 MPa ·%.

実施例4
実施例3で得た熱延板を、酸洗後、圧下率:75%で冷間圧延を施して板厚:1.0 mmの冷延板とした。ついで、この冷延板に対し、連続焼鈍ラインにて表8に示す条件で焼鈍を施したのち、さらに伸び率:1.0 %の調質圧延を施した。
かくして得られた冷延焼鈍板から試験片を採取し、組織観察を行った。また、引張試験を実施して、引張特性について調べた。得られた結果を表8に併記する。
さらに、実施例3と同様に、熱間加工、ついで焼戻しを行った後の引張特性および耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性についても調査した。得られた結果を表9に示す。
Example 4
The hot-rolled sheet obtained in Example 3 was pickled and cold-rolled at a rolling reduction of 75% to obtain a cold-rolled sheet having a thickness of 1.0 mm. Next, the cold-rolled sheet was annealed under the conditions shown in Table 8 in a continuous annealing line, and further subjected to temper rolling with an elongation of 1.0%.
A specimen was collected from the cold-rolled annealed plate thus obtained, and the structure was observed. In addition, a tensile test was conducted to examine tensile properties. The obtained results are also shown in Table 8.
Further, in the same manner as in Example 3, the tensile properties and the welding heat-affected zone softening properties after hot working and then tempering were also investigated. Table 9 shows the obtained results.

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

Figure 0004730070
Figure 0004730070

表8に示したとおり、本発明に従い得られた熱間成形用の冷延薄鋼板はいずれも、Vを含む炭化物の平均粒径は30nm以下であった。
また、表9から明らかなように、この熱間成形用冷延薄鋼板を、実際に熱間成形後、焼戻し処理を施した場合には、TS×Elが12000MPa・%以上という優れた強度−延性バランスおよびΔHvが50以下という優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を得ることができた。
これに対し、本発明の適正範囲を外れた比較例はいずれも、強度−延性バランス(TS×El)が12000MPa・%未満であった。
As shown in Table 8, all of the cold-rolled thin steel sheets for hot forming obtained according to the present invention had an average particle size of carbides containing V of 30 nm or less.
Further, as is apparent from Table 9, when this cold-rolled thin steel sheet for hot forming was actually subjected to tempering after hot forming, TS × El was excellent strength of 12000 MPa ·% or more− Excellent weld heat-affected zone softening properties with ductility balance and ΔHv of 50 or less could be obtained.
On the other hand, in all of the comparative examples outside the proper range of the present invention, the strength-ductility balance (TS × El) was less than 12000 MPa ·%.

本発明は、主として自動車の超高強度車体構造部品等の使途に好適な焼入れ焼戻し処理用の薄鋼板を用いた自動車用部材を製造するに当たり、成分組成、熱延条件および冷延焼鈍条件を適正化することによって、最終の製品段階での微視組織を制御することにより、焼戻しマルテンサイト相を主相としVを含む炭化物を適正に生成させることが可能となる結果、優れた強度−延性バランスと共に、優れた耐溶接熱影響部軟化特性を得ることができる。 The present invention, when mainly produce automobile ultrahigh strength bodywork parts like automotive parts using thin steel plate for a suitable quenching and tempering treatment to uses of, the component composition, the hot rolling conditions and cold-rolled annealed condition By optimizing, by controlling the microstructure in the final product stage, it becomes possible to generate carbides containing V with the tempered martensite phase as the main phase, resulting in excellent strength-ductility. Along with the balance, excellent welding heat-affected zone softening characteristics can be obtained.

TS×Elに及ぼすC,Mn,V量の影響を、(10Mn+V)/Cの関係で示した図である。It is the figure which showed the influence of the amount of C, Mn, and V which has on TSxEl by the relationship of (10Mn + V) / C. 溶接熱影響部軟化特性(ΔHv)に及ぼすC,Mn,V量の影響を、(10Mn+V)/Cの関係で示した図である。It is the figure which showed the influence of the amount of C, Mn, and V on the welding heat affected zone softening property (ΔHv) in the relationship of (10Mn + V) / C. TS×Elに及ぼすCr,Mo量の影響を、(2Cr+Mo)/2Vの関係で示した図である。It is the figure which showed the influence of the amount of Cr and Mo which has on TSxEl by the relationship of (2Cr + Mo) / 2V. 成形加工後の試験部材の形状・寸法を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the shape and dimension of the test member after a shaping | molding process.

Claims (8)

質量%で
C:0.10〜0.25%、
Si:1.5 %以下、
Mn:1.0 〜3.0 %、
P:0.10%以下、
S:0.005 %以下、
Al:0.01〜0.5 %、
N:0.010 %以下および
V:0.10〜1.0 %
を含み、かつ(10Mn+V)/C≧50を満足し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成からなる鋼スラブを、1000℃以上に加熱後、粗圧延によりシートバーとし、ついで仕上げ圧延出側温度:800 ℃以上の条件で仕上げ圧延を施したのち、下記(1)式で示される温度Ta(℃)以下まで冷却して、巻取ることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。

Ta(℃)=〔5500/{6.7+log([%V]×[%C])}〕− 400 ・・・(1)
ここで、[%C],[%V]はそれぞれ各元素の含有量(質量%)
C: 0.10 to 0.25% in mass%,
Si: 1.5% or less,
Mn: 1.0-3.0%
P: 0.10% or less,
S: 0.005% or less,
Al: 0.01 to 0.5%,
N: 0.010% or less and V: 0.10 to 1.0%
It includes and satisfies (10Mn + V) / C ≧ 50, the balance being a steel slab having the composition of Fe and unavoidable impurities, was heated to above 1000 ° C., and a sheet bar by rough rolling and then finish rolling delivery temperature : A method for producing a thin steel sheet, which is subjected to finish rolling under conditions of 800 ° C. or higher, then cooled to a temperature Ta (° C.) or less expressed by the following formula (1), and wound up.
Ta (° C.) = [5500 / {6.7 + log ([% V] × [% C])}] − 400 (1)
Here, [% C] and [% V] are the contents of each element (% by mass).
請求項において、巻取り温度を450 ℃以上とすることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 The method for producing a thin steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the coiling temperature is 450 ° C or higher. 請求項またはにおいて、巻取り後、巻戻した熱延板を、酸洗し、ついで冷間圧延により冷延板としたのち、該冷延板を Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下の温度域に加熱し、この温度域に10〜300s保持後、少なくとも500℃までを平均冷却速度:10℃/s以上の速度で冷却することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 In Claim 1 or 2 , after winding up, the hot-rolled sheet unwound is pickled and then made into a cold-rolled sheet by cold rolling, and then the cold-rolled sheet is at least the Ac 1 transformation point (Ac 3 transformation). Point +200) Heating to a temperature range below 200 ° C, holding for 10-300 s in this temperature range, then cooling to at least 500 ° C at an average cooling rate of 10 ° C / s or more. Method. 請求項またはにおいて、巻取り後、巻戻した熱延板を、酸洗し、ついで冷間圧延により冷延板としたのち、該冷延板を Ac1変態点以上、(Ac3変態点+200)℃以下の温度域に加熱し、この温度域に10〜300s保持後、少なくとも500℃まで平均冷却速度:10〜50℃/sの速度で冷却することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。 In Claim 1 or 2 , after winding up, the hot-rolled sheet unwound is pickled and then made into a cold-rolled sheet by cold rolling, and then the cold-rolled sheet is at least the Ac 1 transformation point (Ac 3 transformation). Heating to a temperature range of point +200) ° C. or lower, holding for 10 to 300 s in this temperature range, and then cooling to at least 500 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 10 to 50 ° C./s. Method. 請求項のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Nb:0.1 %以下
Ti:0.1 %以下および
B:0.0050%以下
のうちから選んだ1種または2種以上を含有する組成からなることを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
In any one of claims 1 to 4, the steel slab further contains, by mass%
Nb: 0.1% or less
Ti: 0.1% or less and B: 0.0050% selected from among the following one or thin steel sheet production method which is characterized in that a composition containing two or more.
請求項のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Cr:0.005 〜1.0 %および
Mo:0.005 〜1.0 %
のうちから選んだ1種を、(2Cr+Mo)/2V≦2.0 を満足する範囲で含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
In any one of claims 1 to 5, the steel slab further contains, by mass%
Cr: 0.005 to 1.0% and
Mo: 0.005 to 1.0%
A method for producing a thin steel sheet, comprising one type selected from the above within a range satisfying (2Cr + Mo) /2V≦2.0.
請求頂のいずれかにおいて、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Cu:0.5〜5.0%
を含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
In any one of claims 1 to 6 , the steel slab is further in mass%.
Cu: 0.5-5.0%
The manufacturing method of the thin steel plate characterized by including.
請求項において、鋼スラブがさらに、質量%で
Ni:0.1〜2.0%
を含有することを特徴とする薄鋼板の製造方法。
In Claim 7 , steel slab is further in mass%.
Ni: 0.1-2.0%
The manufacturing method of the thin steel plate characterized by including.
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