JP4729862B2 - Planar heating element - Google Patents

Planar heating element Download PDF

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JP4729862B2
JP4729862B2 JP2004115290A JP2004115290A JP4729862B2 JP 4729862 B2 JP4729862 B2 JP 4729862B2 JP 2004115290 A JP2004115290 A JP 2004115290A JP 2004115290 A JP2004115290 A JP 2004115290A JP 4729862 B2 JP4729862 B2 JP 4729862B2
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heating element
polymer resistor
electrode
planar heating
bonded
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JP2005302464A (en
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和幸 小原
武彦 重岡
誠之 寺門
隆仁 石井
啓造 中島
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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本発明は車載用シートヒータやハンドルヒータ、ソファヒータ、床暖房、電気カーペット、暖房畳等の電気暖房器具に用いられる面状発熱体に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a sheet heating element used for an electric heater such as a vehicle seat heater, a handle heater, a sofa heater, floor heating, an electric carpet, and a heating tatami mat.

従来、この種の面状発熱体は、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）に示したように、ポリエステルシートなどの電気絶縁性の基材５０上に、導電性ペーストを印刷・乾燥して得られ、かつ交互に噛み合う配置にしてなる一対の櫛形電極５１、５２とこれにより給電される位置に高分子抵抗体インクを印刷・乾燥して得られる高分子抵抗体５３を設けて、さらに基材５０と同様の材質の被覆材５４で櫛形電極５１、５２及び高分子抵抗体５３を被覆して保護する構成としたものである。基材５０及び被覆材５４としてポリエステルフィルムを用いる場
合には、被覆材５４に例えばポリエチレン系の熱融着性樹脂５５をあらかじめ接着しておき、熱時加圧することにより基材５０と被覆材５４とを熱融着性樹脂５５を介して接合してなる。 Conventionally, this type of planar heating element is obtained by printing and drying a conductive paste on an electrically insulating substrate 50 such as a polyester sheet, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). And a pair of comb-shaped electrodes 51 and 52 which are alternately meshed with each other, and a polymer resistor 53 obtained by printing and drying a polymer resistor ink at a position where power is fed by this, and further a base material The comb-shaped electrodes 51 and 52 and the polymer resistor 53 are covered and protected by a covering material 54 similar to that of 50. When a polyester film is used as the base material 50 and the covering material 54, for example, a polyethylene-based heat-fusible resin 55 is bonded to the covering material 54 in advance, and the base material 50 and the covering material 54 are pressed by heating. Are bonded via a heat-fusible resin 55.

この高分子抵抗体５３を形成する高分子抵抗体インクとしては、ベースポリマーと、カーボンブラック、金属粉末、グラファイトなどの導電性物質を溶媒に分散してなり、特にベースポリマーとして結晶性樹脂を用いてＰＴＣ特性を持たせたものが多い（例えば、特許文献１、２、３参照）。   As the polymer resistor ink forming the polymer resistor 53, a base polymer and a conductive material such as carbon black, metal powder, and graphite are dispersed in a solvent. In particular, a crystalline resin is used as the base polymer. Many of them have PTC characteristics (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

ＰＴＣ特性とは、温度上昇によって抵抗値が上昇し、ある温度に達すると抵抗値が急激に増加する抵抗温度特性（抵抗が正の温度係数を有する意味の英語 Ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ Ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ Ｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ の頭文字を取っている）を意味しており、ＰＴＣ特性を有する高分子抵抗体５３は、自己温度調節機能を有する面状発熱体を提供できる。
特開昭５６−１３６８９号公報 特開平６−９６８４３号公報 特開平８−１２０１８２号公報 The PTC characteristic is a resistance temperature characteristic in which the resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the resistance value rapidly increases (takes the initial letter of English Positive Temperature Coefficient, which means that the resistance has a positive temperature coefficient) The polymer resistor 53 having PTC characteristics can provide a planar heating element having a self-temperature adjusting function.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-13689 JP-A-6-96843 JP-A-8-120182

しかしながら前記従来の構成では、ポリエステルシートなどの電気絶縁性の基材５０に印刷した電極及び抵抗体を同じく電気絶縁性の被覆材５４で保護する多層構造で、基材５０や被覆材５４の材質やその厚さによっては、柔軟性に欠け、特に車載用シートヒータとして用いられた場合は、シートの表皮の柔軟性に追随できず、シートの表皮下に面状発熱体が存在するという感覚が残り、着座感が損なわれると言った課題があった。   However, in the conventional configuration, the electrode and the resistor printed on the electrically insulating base material 50 such as a polyester sheet are protected by the same electrically insulating coating material 54, and the material of the base material 50 and the coating material 54 is used. Depending on the thickness of the sheet, it may lack flexibility, especially when used as an in-vehicle seat heater. The remaining problem was that the feeling of sitting was impaired.

本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、形状的に柔軟性を付与して、着座感などの使用感を向上させることを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, and to provide flexibility in shape and improve a feeling of use such as a seating feeling.

前記従来の課題を解決するために、ポリエステル不織布にＴＰＯ樹脂等を薄膜にラミネートしてなる基材と、前記基材上に銀ペーストを印刷・乾燥して形成された電極及び前記電極により給電される高分子抵抗体インクを印刷・乾燥して形成した高分子抵抗体と、前記電極、前記高分子抵抗体及び前記基材上に貼り合わせたオレフィン系樹脂フィルム等よりなる被覆材と、前記被覆材に接合材を塗布した後、前記接合材が内部に浸透しないように加圧せずに接着された緩衝材とを備えた構成としてある。 In order to solve the conventional problems, a base material obtained by laminating a polyester non-woven fabric with a TPO resin or the like in a thin film, an electrode formed by printing and drying a silver paste on the base material, and power supplied by the electrode A polymer resistor formed by printing and drying a polymer resistor ink, a coating material comprising the electrode , the polymer resistor, and an olefin-based resin film bonded to the substrate; and the coating After the bonding material is applied to the material, the bonding material is provided with a buffer material bonded without being pressurized so that the bonding material does not penetrate inside .

これによって、前記面状発熱体の少なくとも被覆材側に緩衝材を配設した構成としてあるので、緩衝材の弾力性と変形性により、シートの表皮の柔軟性にも追随することができ、着座感などの使用感を向上することができる。   Accordingly, since the cushioning material is disposed at least on the covering material side of the planar heating element, the elasticity and the deformability of the cushioning material can follow the flexibility of the skin of the seat. The feeling of use such as feeling can be improved.

本発明の面状発熱体は、少なくとも被覆材側に緩衝材を配設した構成としてあるので、緩衝材の弾力性と変形性により、シートの表皮の柔軟性に追随することが可能となり、車載用シートヒータとして用いられた場合でも着座感などの使用感を向上することができる。   Since the planar heating element of the present invention has a configuration in which a cushioning material is disposed at least on the covering material side, the elasticity and deformability of the cushioning material can follow the flexibility of the skin of the seat. Even when used as a seat heater, it is possible to improve a feeling of use such as a seating feeling.

第１の発明は、ポリエステル不織布にＴＰＯ樹脂等を薄膜にラミネートしてなる基材と、前記基材上に銀ペーストを印刷・乾燥して形成された電極及び前記電極により給電され
る高分子抵抗体インクを印刷・乾燥して形成した高分子抵抗体と、前記電極、前記高分子抵抗体及び前記基材上に貼り合わせたオレフィン系樹脂フィルム等よりなる被覆材と、前記被覆材に接合材を塗布した後、前記接合材が内部に浸透しないように加圧せずに接着された緩衝材とを備えたことにより、緩衝材の弾力性と変形性により、シートの表皮の柔軟性にも追随することができ、着座感などの使用感を向上することができる。 The first invention is a base material obtained by laminating a polyester nonwoven fabric with a TPO resin or the like in a thin film, an electrode formed by printing and drying a silver paste on the base material, and a polymer resistor fed by the electrode A polymer resistor formed by printing and drying body ink, a coating material composed of the electrode , the polymer resistor, and an olefin-based resin film bonded on the substrate, and a bonding material to the coating material after the coating, by the bonding material and a glued cushioning material without pressure so as not to penetrate into the interior, the deformability and elasticity of the cushioning material, in the flexibility of the skin of the sheet It is possible to follow and improve the feeling of use such as a seating feeling.

第２の発明は、特に、第１の発明の接合材に接着剤を使用した構成としてある。そして、接着剤はゲル状もしくは液体状なので、容易に薄膜でしかも被覆材全面を覆うことができ、緩衝材を容易に被覆材全面に配設固定することができる。 In particular, the second invention has a configuration in which an adhesive is used for the bonding material of the first invention. Since the adhesive is in a gel or liquid form, it can be easily covered with a thin film and the entire covering material, and the cushioning material can be easily disposed and fixed on the entire covering material.

第３の発明は、特に、第２の発明の接合材に、ホットメルトを使用した構成としてある。そして、ホットメルトは高温ではゲル状もしくは液体状であり、常温では固体状となるので、ホットメルトが高温時に被覆材全面に塗布して緩衝材を配設した後、常温に戻すことで緩衝材と被覆材を固定することができ、接着剤のように溶剤を揮発させる必要がなく生産性を向上させることができる。 In particular, the third invention uses a hot melt as the bonding material of the second invention. And since the hot melt is gel or liquid at high temperature and becomes solid at normal temperature, the hot melt is applied to the entire surface of the coating material at high temperature, and the buffer material is disposed. And the covering material can be fixed, and it is not necessary to volatilize the solvent as in the case of an adhesive, so that productivity can be improved.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態における面状発熱体の概略構成を示す平面図で、図２は図１のｘ−ｙ線の断面図である。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a planar heating element according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line xy of FIG.

図１において、面状発熱体１は、ポリエステル不織布にＴＰＯ樹脂等を薄膜にラミネートしてなる長尺の基材２上に銀ペーストを印刷・乾燥して形成し、かつ交互に噛み合う配置にしてなる一対の電極３と、電極３に重なるように高分子抵抗体インクを印刷・乾燥して形成した高分子抵抗体４を形成している。そして、さらに上記電極３、高分子抵抗体４および基材２の上にオレフィン系樹脂フィルム等よりなる被覆材６を熱的ラミネートにより貼り合わせ、この被覆材６にスチレンブタジエンゴム系接着剤等の接合材７を塗布した後、発泡ウレタン等の緩衝材８を接着して形成している。なお、緩衝材８の接着においては、接合材７が緩衝材８の内部に浸透しないよう加圧することなく、緩衝材８の表面のみが被覆材６と接着するようにしている。   In FIG. 1, a planar heating element 1 is formed by printing and drying a silver paste on a long base material 2 formed by laminating a polyester nonwoven fabric with a TPO resin or the like in a thin film, and alternately engaging with each other. And a polymer resistor 4 formed by printing and drying a polymer resistor ink so as to overlap the electrode 3. Further, a covering material 6 made of an olefin resin film or the like is bonded on the electrode 3, the polymer resistor 4 and the base material 2 by thermal lamination, and a styrene butadiene rubber adhesive or the like is attached to the covering material 6. After the bonding material 7 is applied, a cushioning material 8 such as urethane foam is bonded to form. In bonding the buffer material 8, only the surface of the buffer material 8 is bonded to the covering material 6 without applying pressure so that the bonding material 7 does not penetrate into the buffer material 8.

上記電極は、対向するように幅が広い主電極３ａ、３ｂを配設し、それぞれの主電極から交互に櫛形形状の複数の枝電極３ｃ、３ｄを設けてあり、これに重なるように配設した高分子抵抗体４に枝電極３ｃ、３ｄより給電することで、高分子抵抗体４に電流が流れ、発熱するようになる。この高分子抵抗体４はＰＴＣ特性を有し、温度が上昇すると高分子抵抗体４の抵抗値が上昇し、所定の温度になるように自己温度調節機能を有するようになり、温度コントロールが不要で安全性の高い面状発熱体としての機能を有するようになる。   The electrodes are provided with wide main electrodes 3a and 3b so as to face each other, and a plurality of comb-shaped branch electrodes 3c and 3d are alternately provided from the respective main electrodes, and are arranged so as to overlap with each other. By feeding power to the polymer resistor 4 from the branch electrodes 3c and 3d, a current flows through the polymer resistor 4 to generate heat. This polymer resistor 4 has PTC characteristics, and when the temperature rises, the resistance value of the polymer resistor 4 rises and has a self-temperature adjusting function so as to reach a predetermined temperature, so temperature control is unnecessary. Thus, it has a function as a highly safe planar heating element.

以上のように構成された面状発熱体について、以下その動作、作用を説明する。   About the planar heating element comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

例えば発泡ウレタンは、内部に微小な気泡が多数存在しているため、弾力性と変形性に富んでいる。この発泡ウレタンを緩衝材８として被覆材６に接着している。この際、接合材７であるスチレンブタジエンゴム系接着剤が発泡ウレタンの微小な気泡の中に浸透してしまうと発泡ウレタンが、本来有している弾力性と変形性が失われてしまうが、緩衝材８の接着については、スチレンブタジエンゴム系接着剤等の接合材７が緩衝材８の内部に浸透しないよう加圧せず、緩衝材８の表面のみ被覆材６と接着するようにしているため、スチレンブタジエンゴム系接着剤は発泡ウレタンの微小な気泡に浸透しないので、発泡ウレ
タンの本来の弾力性と変形性は保持されたままとなる。 For example, urethane foam is rich in elasticity and deformability because there are many minute bubbles inside. This foamed urethane is bonded to the covering material 6 as a buffer material 8. At this time, if the styrene-butadiene rubber adhesive as the bonding material 7 penetrates into the fine bubbles of the urethane foam, the elasticity and deformability inherent to the urethane foam are lost. As for the bonding of the buffer material 8, only the surface of the buffer material 8 is bonded to the covering material 6 without applying pressure so that the bonding material 7 such as a styrene butadiene rubber adhesive does not penetrate into the buffer material 8. Therefore, since the styrene butadiene rubber adhesive does not penetrate into the fine bubbles of the urethane foam, the original elasticity and deformability of the urethane foam are maintained.

したがって、このように構成された面状発熱体１をシート内部に装着した場合、発泡ウレタン等からなる緩衝材８の弾力性と変形性がシートの表皮の柔軟性に追随することができ、シートの着座感などの使用感を向上させることができる。   Therefore, when the sheet heating element 1 configured as described above is mounted inside the sheet, the elasticity and deformability of the cushioning material 8 made of urethane foam or the like can follow the flexibility of the sheet skin, It is possible to improve the feeling of use such as sitting feeling.

また、本実施の形態では接合材７としてスチレンブタジエンゴム系接着剤を使用しているが、ウレタン系やアクリル系の他の接着剤でも同様の作用、効果が得られる。さらに接合材７としてホットメルトを使用しても良く、ホットメルトはその材料の溶融、固化を利用しているので、接着剤のように溶剤を揮発させる必要がなく生産性を向上させることができる。   In the present embodiment, a styrene butadiene rubber adhesive is used as the bonding material 7, but the same action and effect can be obtained with other urethane or acrylic adhesives. Further, a hot melt may be used as the bonding material 7, and the hot melt utilizes the melting and solidification of the material, so that it is not necessary to evaporate the solvent as in the case of an adhesive, and the productivity can be improved. .

また、本実施の形態では緩衝材８として発泡ウレタンを使用したが、不織布や織布、編布を使用しても同様の作用、効果が得られる。   Further, in the present embodiment, foamed urethane is used as the cushioning material 8, but the same actions and effects can be obtained even if a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric is used.

以上のように、本発明にかかる面状発熱体は、少なくとも被覆材側に緩衝材を配設した構成としてあるので、緩衝材の弾力性と変形性により、シートの表皮の柔軟性に追随することが可能となり、車載用シートヒータとして用いられた場合でも着座感などの使用感を向上させることが可能となるので、車載用シートヒータだけでなく、家庭用の椅子ヒータ、ソファヒータ、または座布団ヒータ、クッションヒータ、電気カーペットのヒータユニット、さらには車載用ハンドルヒータ等の用途にも適用できる。   As described above, the planar heating element according to the present invention has a configuration in which the cushioning material is disposed at least on the covering material side, and therefore follows the flexibility of the skin of the sheet due to the elasticity and deformability of the cushioning material. Even when used as an in-vehicle seat heater, it is possible to improve the feeling of use such as a seating feeling, so that not only the in-vehicle seat heater but also household chair heaters, sofa heaters, or cushions It can also be applied to uses such as heaters, cushion heaters, electric carpet heater units, and on-vehicle handle heaters.

本発明の実施の形態１における面状発熱体の要部切欠の平面図The top view of the principal part notch of the planar heating element in Embodiment 1 of this invention 図１のｘ−ｙ線の断面図Sectional drawing of the xy line of FIG. （ａ）従来の面状発熱体の平面図（ｂ）図３（ａ）のｘ−ｙ線の断面図(A) Plan view of a conventional sheet heating element (b) Cross-sectional view taken along line xy in FIG. 3 (a)

１ 面状発熱体
２ 基材
３ 電極
４ 高分子抵抗体
６ 被覆材
７ 接合材
８ 緩衝材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Planar heating element 2 Base material 3 Electrode 4 Polymer resistor 6 Cover material 7 Joining material 8 Buffer material

Claims (3)

ポリエステル不織布にＴＰＯ樹脂等を薄膜にラミネートしてなる基材と、前記基材上に銀ペーストを印刷・乾燥して形成された電極及び前記電極により給電される高分子抵抗体インクを印刷・乾燥して形成した高分子抵抗体と、前記電極、前記高分子抵抗体及び前記基材上に貼り合わせたオレフィン系樹脂フィルム等よりなる被覆材と、前記被覆材に接合材を塗布した後、前記接合材が内部に浸透しないよう加圧せずに接着された緩衝材とを備えた面状発熱体。 Printing / drying a base material formed by laminating a polyester non-woven fabric with TPO resin, etc., an electrode formed by printing and drying a silver paste on the base material, and a polymer resistor ink fed by the electrode And after applying a bonding material to the coating material, a coating material made of an olefin resin film or the like bonded to the electrode , the polymer resistor, and the base material , a planar heating element bonding material and a buffer material bonded to without pressure so as not to penetrate into. 接合材には、接着剤を使用してなる請求項１に記載の面状発熱体。 The bonding material, sheet heating element according to claim 1 comprising using an adhesive. 接合材には、ホットメルトを使用してなる請求項１に記載の面状発熱体。 The bonding material, sheet heating element according to claim 1 comprising using a hot-melt.
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