JP4704279B2

JP4704279B2 - Bridge construction method

Info

Publication number: JP4704279B2
Application number: JP2006153978A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 修二大波; 正志榊原; 哲示山上; 修二佐藤; 浩蔵石谷
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Bridge and Steel Structures Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: MM Bridge Co Ltd
Priority date: 2006-06-01
Filing date: 2006-06-01
Publication date: 2011-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2026-06-01
Also published as: JP2007321476A

Description

本発明は、橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁に関し、特に、橋脚上に架けられた既設橋梁を撤去し、新設橋梁を架設する橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁に関する。 The present invention relates to a bridge construction method and a bridge, and more particularly to a bridge construction method and a bridge in which an existing bridge constructed on a pier is removed and a new bridge is constructed.

近年、都市河川に架けられた橋梁は、老朽化が進んでおり、架け替えが必要な時期となっている。このような橋梁の架け替えでは、河川占用による大規模な工事が必要で、長期間の交通規制を伴うことがある。従来の橋梁の架け替え方法としては、まず、旧橋の側方に仮橋を架設し、この仮橋を利用して交通の切り回しを行い、次に、旧橋を撤去した後に、そこに新橋を新たに架設し、その後、不要となった仮橋を撤去する方法がある。また、架け替えの作業ヤードとして構台を橋梁に沿って仮設して上下線ごとに架け替えを行う方法などがある。しかしながら、このような従来方法では、新橋の架け替えのために仮橋や構台を仮設する必要があり、作業コストが増加すると共に、工事期間が長期化してしまうことがあった。また、新橋の架け替え後に、仮橋や構台を撤去する必要があることから、より効率的な施工方法が望まれていた。 In recent years, bridges built over urban rivers have become aging and need to be replaced. Such bridge replacement requires large-scale construction by occupying a river and may involve long-term traffic restrictions. As a conventional method of replacing the bridge, first, install a temporary bridge on the side of the old bridge, use this temporary bridge to route traffic, and then remove the old bridge, There is a method of constructing a new bridge and then removing the temporary bridge that is no longer needed. In addition, there is a method in which a gantry is temporarily installed along a bridge as a work yard for replacement, and replacement is performed for each vertical line. However, in such a conventional method, it is necessary to temporarily install a temporary bridge or a gantry for the replacement of the new bridge, which increases the work cost and prolongs the construction period. Moreover, since it is necessary to remove the temporary bridge and the gantry after the replacement of the new bridge, a more efficient construction method has been desired.

このような問題を解決する橋梁の施工方法として、橋梁設置位置に架けられた既設橋梁を新設橋梁に架け替える橋梁架け替え方法であって、河川部の底面から立設される工事用桟橋により既設橋梁及び新設橋梁を移動可能に支持し、橋梁設置位置と並列して設けられた新設橋梁仮置位置に底面を支持した状態で新設橋梁を待機させた後、既設橋梁を移動させるときに、新設橋梁を支持した状態で摺動させると同時に、橋梁設置位置と並列して設けられた既設橋梁仮置位置に既設橋梁を支持した状態で摺動することで架け替える方法がある（例えば、特許文献１）。 As a bridge construction method that solves these problems, the existing bridge built at the bridge installation position is replaced with a new bridge, which is installed by a construction pier that is erected from the bottom of the river. When the existing bridge is moved after waiting for the new bridge while supporting the bridge and the new bridge so that they can move, and the new bridge temporarily placed in parallel with the bridge installation position with the bottom supported There is a method of sliding the bridge while supporting the existing bridge while sliding the bridge while supporting the existing bridge temporarily at the position where the bridge is installed in parallel with the bridge installation position (for example, patent document) 1).

特許第３７０２２６３号公報Japanese Patent No. 3702263

しかしながら、上述した特許文献１に記載されている橋梁架け替え方法では、橋梁の架け替えを迅速に行い、作業コストの低減や工事期間の短縮化を実現できたが、既設橋梁を既設橋梁仮置位置に移動させ、解体、撤去した後に、工事用桟橋を撤去する必要があることから、さらなる効率性の向上が望まれていた。 However, in the bridge replacement method described in Patent Document 1 described above, the replacement of the bridge can be performed quickly and the work cost and the construction period can be shortened. However, the existing bridge is temporarily placed. Since it was necessary to remove the construction pier after moving to the position, dismantling, and removal, further improvement in efficiency was desired.

そこで本発明は、周辺環境への悪影響を抑制し、橋面上で既設橋梁と新設橋梁とを架け替えることで架け替えの効率を向上させることのできる橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a bridge construction method and a bridge that can suppress adverse effects on the surrounding environment and improve the efficiency of the replacement by replacing the existing bridge and the new bridge on the bridge surface. Objective.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法は、橋脚上に架けられた既設橋梁を新設橋梁に架け替える橋梁の施工方法において、前記既設橋梁を幅方向に対して中央部と両側部に切断し、昇降装置を前記中央部又は前記両側部のいずれか一方に走行可能に設置し、該昇降装置により他方を撤去すると共に、前記新設橋梁を架設することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a bridge construction method according to the first aspect of the present invention is a bridge construction method in which an existing bridge constructed on a pier is replaced with a new bridge. It is cut into a central portion and both side portions, and a lifting device is installed so as to be able to run on either the central portion or both side portions, the other is removed by the lifting device, and the new bridge is installed. To do.

請求項２に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記一方は前記両側部であり、前記昇降装置は門型昇降装置であり、該門型昇降装置は前記両側部を走行して前記他方である前記中央部を撤去することを特徴とする。 In the bridge construction method according to the invention according to claim 2, the one is the both sides, the lifting device is a portal lifting device, and the portal lifting device is the other running on both sides. The central part is removed.

請求項３に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記中央部を撤去した後に、該撤去した位置に前記新設橋梁を仮設し、該仮設した新設橋梁に前記昇降装置を走行可能として、前記両側部を撤去することを特徴とする。 In the bridge construction method according to the invention of claim 3, after the central portion is removed, the newly installed bridge is temporarily installed at the removed position, and the lifting device can travel on the temporarily installed new bridge. It is characterized by removing.

請求項４に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記両側部の片側を撤去する際に、前記昇降装置は、前記片側への転倒を防止されながら走行することを特徴とする。 In the bridge construction method according to the invention according to claim 4, when removing one side of the both side portions, the lifting device travels while being prevented from falling to the one side.

請求項５に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、仮設状態において幅方向に収縮しており、仮設後に幅方向に伸張することを特徴とする。 The bridge construction method according to the invention of claim 5 is characterized in that the bridge contracts in the width direction in the temporary state and extends in the width direction after the temporary setting.

請求項６に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記新設橋梁は、仮設状態において幅方向に複数の部分に分かれており、該複数の部分を離間させ、その間に中間部を設置することを特徴とする。 In the bridge construction method according to the invention of claim 6, the new bridge is divided into a plurality of parts in the width direction in the temporary state, the plurality of parts are separated, and an intermediate part is installed therebetween. And

請求項７に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記既設橋梁及び前記新設橋梁は、橋軸方向に複数に分割して順番に架け替えることを特徴とする。 In the bridge construction method according to the invention according to claim 7, the existing bridge and the new bridge are divided into a plurality of pieces in the bridge axis direction and replaced in order.

請求項８に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記既設橋梁上又は前記新設橋梁上で、撤去した前記既設橋梁を解体することを特徴とする。 The bridge construction method according to the invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the removed existing bridge is dismantled on the existing bridge or on the new bridge.

請求項９に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法では、前記新設橋梁の架設に並行して既設橋脚の間に新設橋脚を施工し、前記既設橋脚を撤去することを特徴とする。 The bridge construction method according to the invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that a new pier is constructed between existing piers in parallel with the construction of the new bridge, and the existing pier is removed.

請求項１に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、橋脚上に架けられた既設橋梁を新設橋梁に架け替える橋梁の施工方法において、既設橋梁を幅方向に対して中央部と両側部に切断し、昇降装置を中央部又は両側部のいずれか一方に走行可能に設置し、該昇降装置により他方を撤去すると共に、新設橋梁を架設する。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 1, in the bridge construction method of replacing an existing bridge on a bridge pier with a new bridge, the existing bridge is cut in the center and both sides with respect to the width direction. Then, the lifting device is installed so as to be able to run in either the central part or both sides, and the other is removed by the lifting device and a new bridge is installed.

したがって、橋脚上に架けられた既設橋梁を幅方向に対して中央部と両側部に切断して、中央部又は両側部のいずれか一方に昇降装置を配置することから、昇降装置は橋軸方向に走行可能となり、この昇降装置により他方を吊り上げると共に、昇降装置が橋軸方向に走行してこの他方を撤去することで、新設橋梁を架設する場所をあけて該新設橋梁を架設するため、橋梁の橋面上のみで架け替えの施工をすることが可能であり、例えば、構台、仮橋等の仮設の構造体を必要としないので、周辺環境への悪影響を抑制し、橋面上で既設橋梁と新設橋梁とを架け替えることで架け替えの効率を向上させることができる。 Therefore, the existing bridge built on the pier is cut into the center and both sides with respect to the width direction, and the lifting device is arranged in either the center or both sides. In order to suspend the other bridge with the lifting device, the lifting device travels in the direction of the axis of the bridge and removes the other to open a place for installing the new bridge. It is possible to carry out the replacement work only on the bridge surface, for example, because there is no need for a temporary structure such as a gantry or a temporary bridge. By replacing the bridge with the newly constructed bridge, the efficiency of the replacement can be improved.

請求項２に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、昇降装置が走行可能に設けられる中央部又は両側部のいずれか一方は両側部であり、この昇降装置は門型昇降装置であり、該門型昇降装置は両側部を走行して、昇降装置が設けられていない中央部を撤去する。したがって、昇降装置を両側部に設けることから、この昇降装置は既設橋梁の両側部上を走行可能となり、この両側部上で車輪の間隔を広くとることができるので、昇降装置を門型にすることができ、昇降装置の水平方向の安定性を向上することができる。 According to the construction method of the bridge according to the invention of claim 2, either the central part or both side parts provided so that the elevating device can travel are both side parts, and this elevating device is a gate type elevating device, The portal lifting device travels on both sides and removes the central portion where the lifting device is not provided. Therefore, since the lifting device is provided on both sides, the lifting device can run on both sides of the existing bridge, and the distance between the wheels can be widened on both sides, so that the lifting device is a gate type. It is possible to improve the horizontal stability of the lifting device.

請求項３に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、中央部を撤去した後に、該撤去した位置に新設橋梁を仮設し、該仮設した新設橋梁に昇降装置を走行可能として、両側部を撤去する。したがって、中央部を撤去した位置に新設橋梁を仮設し、この仮設した新設橋梁に昇降装置を走行可能に設けなおすことで、この昇降装置は新設橋梁上を橋軸方向に走行可能となり、残っている既設橋梁の両側部を吊り上げると共に、橋軸方向に走行してこの両側部を撤去することから、橋梁の橋面上のみで架け替えの施工をすることが可能である。また、新たに架設する新設橋梁の製作段階で、昇降装置を支持する部材などをあらかじめ組みつけておくことができるので、組みつけが容易で精度も向上する。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 3, after removing the central portion, a new bridge is temporarily installed at the removed position, and the lifting device can be run on the temporarily installed new bridge, and both sides are removed. To do. Therefore, a new bridge is temporarily installed at the position where the central part is removed, and the lifting device can be run on the newly installed bridge so that it can run in the direction of the bridge axis. Since both sides of the existing bridge are lifted and traveled in the direction of the bridge axis to remove both sides, it is possible to perform the replacement work only on the bridge surface of the bridge. Further, since a member for supporting the lifting device and the like can be assembled in advance at the stage of manufacturing a new bridge to be newly constructed, the assembly is easy and the accuracy is improved.

請求項４に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、両側部の片側を撤去する際に、昇降装置は、片側への転倒を防止されながら走行する。したがって、仮設した新設橋梁に昇降装置を走行可能に設けなおし、この昇降装置により両側部の片側を撤去する際に、仮設した新設橋梁上でこの昇降装置の車輪の間隔が狭くなっても、吊り上げている側への昇降装置の転倒を防止しながら走行可能とすることから、昇降装置の水平方向の安定性を確保することができる。 According to the construction method of the bridge according to the invention of claim 4, when removing one side of both sides, the lifting device travels while being prevented from falling to one side. Therefore, when the lifting device is re-installed on the newly constructed temporary bridge so that one side of both sides can be removed by this lifting device, the lifting device is lifted even if the distance between the wheels of the lifting device is reduced on the temporarily installed new bridge. Since it is possible to travel while preventing the elevating device from falling to the side, the horizontal stability of the elevating device can be ensured.

請求項５に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、仮設状態において幅方向に収縮しており、仮設後に幅方向に伸張する。したがって、新設橋梁の幅を狭めた状態で橋脚上へ仮設して、その後所定の幅となるようにこの新設橋梁を伸ばすので、一回の作業で新設橋梁を所定の位置に仮設することができ、また、省スペースでの作業が可能となり、通行や作業員以外の立ち入りを制限すべき領域を狭くすることができることから、通行規制を最小限にとどめることができる。 According to the construction method of the bridge according to the invention of claim 5, the bridge contracts in the width direction in the temporary state, and extends in the width direction after the temporary setting. Therefore, the new bridge is temporarily installed on the pier with the width of the new bridge narrowed, and then the new bridge is extended so as to have a predetermined width. Therefore, the new bridge can be temporarily installed at a predetermined position in one operation. In addition, space-saving work can be performed, and the area where traffic and entry other than workers should be restricted can be narrowed, so traffic restrictions can be minimized.

請求項６に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、新設橋梁は、仮設状態において幅方向に複数の部分に分かれており、該複数の部分を離間させ、間に中間部を設置して架設する。したがって、新設橋梁を複数の部分に分割して幅を狭めた状態で橋脚上に仮設して、その後、複数の部分のいずれかをスライドさせ、間に中間部を設置することを繰り返して、この新設橋梁が所定の幅となるように架設するので、新設橋梁の運搬が容易となり、また、省スペースでの作業が可能となり、通行や作業員以外の立ち入りを制限すべき領域を狭くすることができることから、通行規制を最小限にとどめることができる。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 6, the new bridge is divided into a plurality of parts in the width direction in the temporary state, and the plurality of parts are separated from each other, and an intermediate part is installed between them. To do. Therefore, the new bridge is divided into a plurality of parts and temporarily installed on the pier in a state where the width is narrowed, and then, one of the plurality of parts is slid and an intermediate part is installed in between. Since the new bridge is installed so as to have a predetermined width, it is easy to transport the new bridge, and it is possible to work in a space-saving manner, narrowing the area where traffic and access by non-workers should be restricted. As a result, traffic restrictions can be kept to a minimum.

請求項７に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、既設橋梁及び新設橋梁は、橋軸方向に複数に分割して順番に架け替える。したがって、既設橋梁及び新設橋梁を橋軸方向に複数に分割して、分割された既設橋梁及び新設橋梁ごとに順番に架け替えを行うので、残っている既設橋梁上又は架け替えた新設橋梁の橋面上に十分な作業ヤードを確保することができる。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 7, the existing bridge and the new bridge are divided into a plurality of pieces in the bridge axis direction and are replaced in order. Therefore, existing bridges and new bridges are divided into multiple parts in the direction of the bridge axis, and the existing existing bridges and new bridges that have been split are replaced in turn, so the bridges on the remaining existing bridges or on the new bridges that have been replaced. Sufficient work yard can be secured on the surface.

請求項８に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、既設橋梁上又は新設橋梁上で、撤去した既設橋梁を解体する。したがって、残っている既設橋梁上又は架け替えた新設橋梁の橋面上の作業ヤードで既設橋梁の解体を行うことから、既設橋梁を橋脚上から撤去した後すぐに解体することができるので、比較的サイズの大きい未解体の状態での余計な運搬を削減することができ、また、撤去後すぐに、運搬の際に荷崩れを起こさない程度まで小さく解体することができるので、廃棄物の搬出の際の危険を低減することができる。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 8, the removed existing bridge is dismantled on the existing bridge or the new bridge. Therefore, since the existing bridge is dismantled at the work yard on the remaining existing bridge or on the bridge surface of the newly installed bridge, the existing bridge can be dismantled immediately after being removed from the pier. Unnecessary transportation in a large undisassembled state can be reduced, and immediately after removal, it can be dismantled to the extent that it does not collapse during transportation. The danger in the case of this can be reduced.

請求項９に係る発明による橋梁の施工方法によれば、新設橋梁の架設に並行して既設橋脚の間に新設橋脚を施工し、既設橋脚を撤去する。したがって、既設橋梁に対する作業と既設橋脚に対する作業とを分離し、新設橋梁の架設に並行して既設橋脚の間に新設橋脚を施工し、既設橋脚を撤去するので、工期を大幅に削減することができる。 According to the bridge construction method of the invention according to claim 9, the new pier is constructed between the existing piers in parallel with the construction of the new bridge, and the existing piers are removed. Therefore, the work for the existing bridge and the work for the existing pier are separated, the new pier is constructed between the existing piers in parallel with the construction of the new bridge, and the existing piers are removed, so the construction period can be greatly reduced. it can.

以下に、本発明に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁の実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。また、下記実施例における構成要素には、当業者が置換可能かつ容易なもの、或いは実質的に同一のものが含まれる。 Below, the construction method of a bridge concerning the present invention and the example of a bridge are described in detail based on a drawing. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

図１は、本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における既設橋梁の平面図である。架け替えられる既設橋梁１は、河川Ｒ上に、この河川Ｒが流れる方向と交差する方向に架設され、その両端がジョイント装置２ａ、３ａを介して道路２、３に連接される。既設橋梁１は、既設橋脚４上に架けられている。この既設橋脚４は、ほぼ等間隔に４本（既設橋脚４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ、４ｄ）設置されている。４本の既設橋脚４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ、４ｄは、各々河川Ｒの底面から立設され、既設橋梁１の下面を支持する。 FIG. 1 is a plan view of an existing bridge in a bridge construction method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The existing bridge 1 to be replaced is constructed on the river R in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the river R flows, and both ends thereof are connected to the roads 2 and 3 through joint devices 2a and 3a. The existing bridge 1 is laid on the existing pier 4. Four existing piers 4 (existing piers 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are installed at almost equal intervals. The four existing piers 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are each erected from the bottom surface of the river R and support the lower surface of the existing bridge 1.

図２は、本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における既設橋梁の断面図である。本図は、既設橋梁１の橋軸方向（通行方向）に直交する幅方向の断面図である。既設橋梁１は、下部工としての橋脚上に設けられる上部工をなす。既設橋梁１は、上部に設けられる床板１ａと、その床板１ａの下面に設けられた梁としての桁１ｂにより構成される。桁１ｂは、下面を既設橋脚４に固定され、支持される。床板１ａの上面には、幅方向の両端部に高欄１ｃが立設され、さらに舗装（不図示）等が敷設される。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an existing bridge in the bridge construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a cross-sectional view in the width direction orthogonal to the bridge axis direction (traffic direction) of the existing bridge 1. The existing bridge 1 is an upper work provided on a pier as a lower work. The existing bridge 1 is composed of a floor plate 1a provided at an upper portion and a beam 1b as a beam provided on a lower surface of the floor plate 1a. The underside of the girder 1b is fixed to the existing pier 4 and supported. On the upper surface of the floor board 1a, rails 1c are erected at both ends in the width direction, and pavement (not shown) or the like is further laid.

図３は、本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における新設橋梁の断面図である。本図は、新設橋梁５の幅方向の断面図である。新設橋梁５は、下部工としての橋脚上に設けられる上部工をなす。新設橋梁５は、上部に設けられる床板５ａと、その床板５ａの下面に橋軸方向に沿って設けられる３本の主桁５ｂと、床板５ａの下面に主桁５ｂ間を結ぶ横桁５ｃと、主桁５ｂの両側から幅方向に張り出すように設けられるブラケット５ｅにより構成される。床板５ａの上面には、幅方向の両端部に高欄５ｄが立設され、さらに舗装（不図示）等が敷設される。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a new bridge in the bridge construction method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This figure is a cross-sectional view of the new bridge 5 in the width direction. The new bridge 5 is a superstructure provided on a pier as a substructure. The new bridge 5 includes a floor plate 5a provided at an upper portion, three main girders 5b provided on the lower surface of the floor plate 5a along the bridge axis direction, and a horizontal girder 5c connecting the main girders 5b to the lower surface of the floor plate 5a. The bracket 5e is provided so as to protrude from both sides of the main beam 5b in the width direction. On the upper surface of the floor plate 5a, rails 5d are erected at both ends in the width direction, and pavement (not shown) or the like is further laid.

ここで、新設橋梁５は、仮設状態において幅方向に複数の部分に分かれており、該複数の部分をスライドさせ、間に中間部を設置することで橋脚上に架設される。すなわち、新設橋梁５は、橋脚上に固定される前の状態において、幅方向の中央に位置する中央部５１と、幅方向の両側に位置する側部５２、５３と、中央部５１と側部５２とを連結する中間部５４と、同様に中央部５１と側部５３とを連結する中間部５５の５つの部分に分割されている。中央部５１は１本の主桁５ｂを有し、両側部５２、５３は各々１本の主桁５ｂとテーパ状のブラケット５ｅを有し、中間部５４、５５は各々１本のフラット状の横桁５ｃを有する。さらに、側部５２、５３のテーパ状のブラケット５ｅは、それぞれ主桁５ｂの床板５ａ側にピン連結部５６を介して回転自在に連結される。これにより、側部５２、５３のテーパ状のブラケット５ｅは、図中二点鎖線で示すように、跳ね上げるようにして折りたたむことが可能となる。 Here, the new bridge 5 is divided into a plurality of portions in the width direction in the temporary state, and is laid on the pier by sliding the plurality of portions and installing an intermediate portion therebetween. That is, the new bridge 5 is, in a state before being fixed on the pier, a central portion 51 located in the center in the width direction, side portions 52 and 53 located on both sides in the width direction, and the central portion 51 and the side portions. 52 is divided into five parts: an intermediate part 54 that connects 52, and an intermediate part 55 that connects the central part 51 and the side part 53. The central portion 51 has one main girder 5b, the side portions 52 and 53 each have one main girder 5b and a tapered bracket 5e, and the intermediate portions 54 and 55 each have one flat shape. It has a horizontal beam 5c. Further, the tapered brackets 5e of the side portions 52 and 53 are rotatably connected to the floor plate 5a side of the main beam 5b via pin connection portions 56, respectively. As a result, the tapered brackets 5e of the side portions 52 and 53 can be folded so as to jump up as indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure.

ところで、本実施例に係る橋梁の施工方法では、図１に示すように、既設橋梁１を幅方向に沿った切断位置８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ、８ｄで切断して、橋軸方向に５つに分割し、順番に架け替えることで橋面上に十分な作業ヤードを確保することを図っている。切断位置８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ、８ｄは、既設橋脚４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ、４ｄの位置にほぼ対応した位置である。既設橋梁１に替えて架設する新設橋梁５も、既設橋梁１と同様に橋軸方向に５つに分割しておく。さらに、本実施例に係る橋梁の施工方法では、既設橋梁１を幅方向に対して中央部１０と側部１１ａ、側部１１ｂに切断し、リフタ６３を備える昇降装置６を両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに走行可能とし、この昇降装置６により中央部１０を撤去すると共に、新設橋梁５を架設することで、周辺環境への悪影響の抑制と、架け替え効率の向上を図っている。すなわち、既設橋梁１を橋軸方向に沿った切断位置７ａ、７ｂで３つに切断して、中央部１０と両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに分割する。そして、両側に位置する両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに昇降装置６を走行可能に設置して、この昇降装置６により既設橋梁１の中央部１０を吊り上げて撤去し、新設橋梁５を架設する。 By the way, in the construction method of the bridge according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the existing bridge 1 is cut at cutting positions 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d along the width direction so as to be five in the bridge axis direction. Dividing and replacing them in order will ensure a sufficient working yard on the bridge surface. The cutting positions 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d are positions substantially corresponding to the positions of the existing piers 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d. The new bridge 5 to be installed in place of the existing bridge 1 is also divided into five in the direction of the bridge axis in the same manner as the existing bridge 1. Further, in the bridge construction method according to the present embodiment, the existing bridge 1 is cut into the central portion 10, the side portion 11 a, and the side portion 11 b with respect to the width direction, and the lifting device 6 including the lifter 63 is connected to the both side portions 11 a and 11 b. The center portion 10 is removed by the lifting device 6 and a new bridge 5 is erected, thereby suppressing adverse effects on the surrounding environment and improving the replacement efficiency. That is, the existing bridge 1 is cut into three at the cutting positions 7a and 7b along the bridge axis direction, and is divided into a central portion 10 and both side portions 11a and 11b. And the raising / lowering apparatus 6 is installed in the both sides 11a and 11b located in both sides so that driving | running | working is possible, the center part 10 of the existing bridge 1 is lifted and removed by this raising / lowering apparatus 6, and the new bridge 5 is constructed.

ここで、昇降装置６は、両側部１１ａ、１１ｂ上に橋軸方向に沿って各々敷設される１対の軌条６１ａ、６１ｂ上を走行可能に構成される。昇降装置６は、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂ上に載置される自走台車６２と、自走台車６２上に固定されるリフタ６３を備える。自走台車６２は、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂ上を移動する。リフタ６３は、油圧シリンダー等により伸縮する機構を有する。自走台車６２、リフタ６３は、それぞれ４つずつ設けられ、１つの自走台車６２と１つのリフタ６３を１組として合計４組備える。この自走台車６２とリフタ６３の組は、軌条６１ａ上に２組、軌条６１ｂ上に２組ずつ設けられる。さらに、昇降装置６は、リフタ６３の先端に固定される頂部梁６４を２つ備える。各頂部梁６４は、軌条６１ａ上のリフタ６３のうちの１つと軌条６１ｂ上のリフタ６３のうちの１つとを連結するように固定される。頂部梁６４は、このリフタ６３の伸縮により鉛直方向に移動する。また、２つの頂部梁６４は６本の連結梁６５により連結され剛性が確保され、一体となって鉛直方向に移動する。昇降装置６は、後述する図４のＳＴ（ステップ）１等では、橋軸方向から見て全体として門型の形状をなす。また、昇降装置６は、後述する図７のＳＴ４等のように、解体して天秤型（頂部梁６４の両端部が片持ち状になった型）にも容易に組み替えることが可能である。
以下、図４乃至図１５を参照して上記の構成からなる橋梁の施工方法について詳細に説明する。 Here, the raising / lowering device 6 is comprised so that it can drive | work on a pair of rails 61a and 61b each laid along the bridge-axis direction on both sides 11a and 11b. The elevating device 6 includes a self-propelled carriage 62 placed on the rails 61 a and 61 b and a lifter 63 fixed on the self-propelled carriage 62. The self-propelled carriage 62 moves on the rails 61a and 61b. The lifter 63 has a mechanism that expands and contracts by a hydraulic cylinder or the like. Four self-propelled carriages 62 and four lifters 63 are provided, and one self-propelled carriage 62 and one lifter 63 are provided as a set, and a total of four sets are provided. Two sets of the self-propelled carriage 62 and the lifter 63 are provided on the rail 61a and two sets on the rail 61b. Further, the lifting device 6 includes two top beams 64 fixed to the tip of the lifter 63. Each top beam 64 is fixed so as to connect one of the lifters 63 on the rail 61a and one of the lifters 63 on the rail 61b. The top beam 64 moves in the vertical direction by the expansion and contraction of the lifter 63. Further, the two top beams 64 are connected by six connecting beams 65 to ensure rigidity, and move together in the vertical direction. In ST (step) 1 of FIG. 4 to be described later, the lifting device 6 has a gate shape as a whole when viewed from the bridge axis direction. Further, the lifting device 6 can be disassembled and easily reassembled into a balance type (a type in which both ends of the top beam 64 are cantilevered), as in ST4 of FIG. 7 described later.
Hereinafter, a method for constructing a bridge having the above-described configuration will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

図４乃至図１５は、本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図であり、図４にＳＴ１、図５にＳＴ２、図６にＳＴ３、図７にＳＴ４、図８にＳＴ５、図９にＳＴ６、図１０にＳＴ７、図１１にＳＴ８、図１２にＳＴ９、図１３にＳＴ１０、図１４にＳＴ１１、図１５にＳＴ１２を示す。また、図４乃至図１５中、右側に橋梁の模式的側面図、左側に幅方向の模式的断面図を示す。 4 to 15 are schematic flow charts showing a bridge construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is ST1, FIG. 5 is ST2, FIG. 6 is ST3, FIG. 7 is ST4, FIG. ST5, FIG. 9 shows ST6, FIG. 10 shows ST7, FIG. 11 shows ST8, FIG. 12 shows ST9, FIG. 13 shows ST10, FIG. 14 shows ST11, and FIG. 4 to 15, a schematic side view of the bridge is shown on the right side, and a schematic cross-sectional view in the width direction is shown on the left side.

本実施例に係る橋梁の施工方法では、図４に示すように、まず、既設橋梁１を幅方向に沿った切断位置８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ、８ｄで切断して、橋軸方向に５つに分割し、道路２側の端部から既設橋脚４ｃまでの３径間を最初に架け替える範囲として、残った既設橋脚４ｃから道路３側の端部までの２径間を作業ヤード９として確保する。次いで、既設橋梁１を橋軸方向に沿った切断位置７ａ、７ｂで３つに切断して、中央部１０と両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに分割する。その後、既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの橋面上に、橋軸方向に沿って軌条６１ａ、６１ｂを敷設し、この軌条６１ａ、６１ｂ上に自走台車６２、リフタ６３、頂部梁６４、連結梁６５を順次組み付けて昇降装置６を設置する。このとき、リフタ６３は、頂部梁６４が最も低い状態となるように縮小させておく（ＳＴ１）。 In the bridge construction method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, first, the existing bridge 1 is cut at cutting positions 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d along the width direction, so that there are five in the bridge axis direction. As a range in which the three spans from the end on the road 2 side to the existing pier 4c are first replaced, the remaining two spans from the existing pier 4c to the end on the road 3 side are secured as a work yard 9 . Next, the existing bridge 1 is cut into three at the cutting positions 7a and 7b along the bridge axis direction, and is divided into a central portion 10 and both side portions 11a and 11b. Thereafter, rails 61a and 61b are laid along the bridge axis direction on the bridge surfaces of both side portions 11a and 11b of the existing bridge 1, and a self-propelled carriage 62, a lifter 63, a top beam 64, and the like are provided on the rails 61a and 61b. The elevating device 6 is installed by sequentially assembling the connecting beams 65. At this time, the lifter 63 is reduced so that the top beam 64 is in the lowest state (ST1).

次に、図５に示すように、既設橋梁１の中央部１０を１径間ごと吊り下げ材６６を介して頂部梁６４に連結する。そして、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、既設橋梁１の中央部１０を吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、吊り上げた既設橋梁１の中央部１０を作業ヤード９に搬送して撤去し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、作業ヤード９にこの中央部１０を下ろす。中央部１０は、作業ヤード９で解体用重機７０により解体した後、輸送トラック８０に積み込み、橋面上から搬出して所定の処理場に廃棄する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ２）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 is connected to the top beam 64 via a suspension member 66 for each span. Then, the lifter 63 is driven to extend, the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction, and the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 is lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven, and the central part 10 of the existing bridge 1 that has been lifted is transported to the work yard 9 and removed, the lifter 63 is reduced, and the central part 10 is lowered to the work yard 9. The central portion 10 is dismantled by the demolition heavy machine 70 in the work yard 9, and then loaded onto the transport truck 80. The central portion 10 is unloaded from the bridge surface and discarded at a predetermined treatment site. This is repeated for three spans (ST2).

次に、図６に示すように、幅方向に分割された新設橋梁５の中央部５１、両側部５２、５３を１径間ごとに１つのユニットとし、このユニットを吊り下げ材６６を介して頂部梁６４に連結する。このユニット化作業や連結作業等の新設橋梁５を仮設するための準備は作業ヤード９で行う。また、このとき、新設橋梁５の中央部５１と両側部５２、５３は、横桁５ｃを縮めた状態とし、かつ、両側部５２、５３のテーパ状のブランケット５ｅは、跳ね上げるようにして折りたたんでおく。また、ここで昇降装置６が走行する軌条６１ａ、６１ｂと同等のものを、新設橋梁５の中央部５１、両側部５２、５３のユニットの上面に組みつけておく。これにより、新たに架設する新設橋梁の製作段階で、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂなどの部材をユニットにあらかじめ組みつけておくことができるので、組みつけが容易で精度も向上する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the central portion 51 and both side portions 52, 53 of the new bridge 5 divided in the width direction are set as one unit for each span, and this unit is interposed via a suspension member 66. Connect to the top beam 64. Preparations for temporarily installing the new bridge 5 such as unitization work and connection work are performed in the work yard 9. At this time, the central part 51 and both side parts 52 and 53 of the newly constructed bridge 5 are folded so that the cross beam 5c is contracted, and the tapered blanket 5e of the both side parts 52 and 53 is folded up. Leave it in. Further, the rails 61a and 61b on which the elevating device 6 travels are assembled on the upper surface of the unit of the central portion 51 and the side portions 52 and 53 of the new bridge 5 in advance. Thereby, since members, such as rails 61a and 61b, can be previously assembled to the unit at the stage of manufacturing a new bridge to be newly constructed, the assembly is easy and the accuracy is improved.

そして、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、新設橋梁５の中央部５１、両側部５２、５３のユニットを吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、撤去された既設橋梁１の中央部１０があった位置に吊り上げたユニットを搬送し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、既設橋脚４上にこのユニットを下ろす。この時点では、新設橋梁５の中央部５１、両側部５２、５３のユニットは、既設橋脚４上から落下しない程度に仮止めしておく。なお、このとき、作業ヤード９として利用され、まだ撤去されていない既設橋梁１の中央部１０の上面と、ユニットの上面との間に段差ができないように、このユニットの鉛直方向における位置を調整しておく。これにより、次のステップで、昇降装置６を橋梁の幅方向中央に設置しなおした後でも、この昇降装置６は橋軸方向に円滑に走行することができる。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ３）。 Then, the lifter 63 is driven to extend, the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction, and the unit of the central portion 51 and both side portions 52 and 53 of the new bridge 5 are lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven to transport the unit lifted to the position where the central portion 10 of the removed existing bridge 1 was located, the lifter 63 is reduced, and this unit is lowered onto the existing pier 4. At this time, the units of the central portion 51 and the side portions 52 and 53 of the new bridge 5 are temporarily fixed so as not to fall from the existing pier 4. At this time, the position of the unit in the vertical direction is adjusted so that there is no step between the upper surface of the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 that is used as the work yard 9 and has not yet been removed. Keep it. As a result, even after the lifting device 6 is installed again at the center in the width direction of the bridge in the next step, the lifting device 6 can smoothly travel in the bridge axis direction. This is repeated for three spans (ST3).

次に、図７に示すように、ＳＴ１で既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに設置した昇降装置６の連結梁６５、頂部梁６４、リフタ６３、自走台車６２を順次解体し、この解体した昇降装置６、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂを仮設した新設橋梁５の中央部５１、両側部５２、５３のユニットの上面及びまだ撤去されていない既設橋梁１の中央部１０の上面に組み替えなおす（ＳＴ４）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting beam 65, the top beam 64, the lifter 63, and the self-propelled carriage 62 of the lifting device 6 installed on both sides 11a and 11b of the existing bridge 1 in ST1 are sequentially disassembled, and this dismantling is performed. The elevator 6 and the rails 61a and 61b are rearranged to the upper surface of the central portion 51 of the newly installed bridge 5 and the upper surface of the unit of both side portions 52 and 53 and the upper surface of the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 that has not been removed (ST4). .

ここで、昇降装置６を橋梁の幅方向中央に盛り替えることで自走台車６２の幅方向の間隔が狭くなり、昇降装置６の水平方向の安定性が低下する可能性がある。しかしながら、本発明では、次のステップで既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの片側を撤去する際、昇降装置６にカウンタウェイト６７を設けることで昇降装置６が該片側へ転倒することを防止している。具体的には、次のステップで既設橋梁１の側部１１ａを撤去する前の準備として、カウンタウェイト６７を昇降装置６の軌条６１ｂ側の底部に固定する。このカウンタウェイト６７は、昇降装置６により側部１１ａを吊り上げた際の荷重のアンバランスを解消するものである。また、相互に隣接するリフタ６３の間に伸縮機構６８を設ける。伸縮機構６８は、リフタ６３の伸縮に伴って伸び縮みするジャバラ状の構造をなす。この伸縮機構６８は、昇降装置６全体の水平方向の剛性を補強するので、昇降装置６の水平方向の安定性を向上することができる。このカウンタウェイト６７、伸縮機構６８は、ＳＴ４で昇降装置６を組み替えなおした際に一緒に組みつけておく。 Here, by changing the lifting device 6 to the center in the width direction of the bridge, the interval in the width direction of the self-propelled carriage 62 is narrowed, and the stability of the lifting device 6 in the horizontal direction may be reduced. However, in the present invention, when removing one side of the both side portions 11a and 11b of the existing bridge 1 in the next step, the lifting device 6 is provided with a counterweight 67 to prevent the lifting device 6 from falling to the one side. ing. Specifically, as a preparation before removing the side portion 11a of the existing bridge 1 in the next step, the counterweight 67 is fixed to the bottom portion of the lifting device 6 on the rail 61b side. The counterweight 67 is used to eliminate load imbalance when the side portion 11a is lifted by the lifting device 6. Further, an expansion / contraction mechanism 68 is provided between the lifters 63 adjacent to each other. The expansion / contraction mechanism 68 has a bellows-like structure that expands and contracts as the lifter 63 expands and contracts. Since the expansion / contraction mechanism 68 reinforces the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the entire lifting device 6, the horizontal stability of the lifting device 6 can be improved. The counter weight 67 and the telescopic mechanism 68 are assembled together when the lifting device 6 is reassembled in ST4.

次に、図８に示すように、既設橋梁１の側部１１ａを吊り下げ材６６を介して１径間ごとに頂部梁６４に連結する。そして、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、既設橋梁１の側部１１ａを吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、吊り上げた既設橋梁１の側部１１ａを作業ヤード９に搬送して撤去し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、作業ヤード９にこの側部１１ａを下ろす。側部１１ａは、作業ヤード９で解体用重機７０により解体した後、輸送トラック８０に積み込み、橋面上から搬出して所定の処理場に廃棄する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ５）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the side portion 11 a of the existing bridge 1 is connected to the top beam 64 for each span through the suspension member 66. Then, the lifter 63 is driven to extend, the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction, and the side portion 11a of the existing bridge 1 is lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven, the side portion 11 a of the existing bridge 1 that has been lifted is transported to the work yard 9 and removed, the lifter 63 is reduced, and the side portion 11 a is lowered to the work yard 9. The side portion 11a is dismantled by the dismantling heavy machine 70 in the work yard 9, and then loaded onto the transport truck 80. The side portion 11a is unloaded from the bridge surface and discarded at a predetermined treatment site. This is repeated for three spans (ST5).

その後、図９に示すように、昇降装置６をいったん作業ヤード９まで移動させ、そこで待機させる。そして、この新設橋梁５の側部５２を既設橋脚４上の一方の端部（撤去された既設橋梁１の側部１１ａがあった位置）までスライドさせ、固定する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ６）。 Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the lifting device 6 is once moved to the work yard 9, where it is put on standby. Then, the side portion 52 of the new bridge 5 is slid to one end on the existing pier 4 (the position where the removed side portion 11a of the existing bridge 1 was present) and fixed. This is repeated for three spans (ST6).

次に、図１０に示すように、ＳＴ６でスライドさせた側部５２のテーパ状のブランケット５ｅを回転させて水平方向に展開する。そして、昇降装置６の伸縮機構６８、カウンタウェイト６７、連結梁６５、頂部梁６４、リフタ６３、自走台車６２を順次解体し、この解体した昇降装置６を新設橋梁５の側部５３とスライドさせた側部５２の上面に中央部５１を跨ぐように組み替えなおす。このとき、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂは、ＳＴ４と同様に、まだ撤去されていない既設橋梁１の中央部１０の上面にも延設する。なお、ここでは、自走台車６２の幅方向の間隔を広くとることができるので、カウンタウェイト６７、伸縮機構６８等は必要ない。次いで、作業ヤード９において、新設橋梁５の中間部５４を吊り下げ材６６を介して頂部梁６４に連結し、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、新設橋梁５の中間部５４を吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、吊り上げた中間部５４を中央部５１と側部５２との間の鉛直方向上方の位置まで搬送し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、中央部５１と側部５２との間にこの中間部５４を下ろす。そして、中央部５１、側部５２と中間部５４とをボルト（不図示）等により固定する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ７）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the tapered blanket 5e of the side portion 52 slid in ST6 is rotated and deployed in the horizontal direction. Then, the telescopic mechanism 68, the counter weight 67, the connecting beam 65, the top beam 64, the lifter 63, and the self-propelled carriage 62 of the lifting device 6 are sequentially disassembled, and the disassembled lifting device 6 is slid with the side portion 53 of the new bridge 5. The rear surface 52 is rearranged so as to straddle the central portion 51 on the upper surface of the side portion 52. At this time, the rails 61a and 61b are extended also to the upper surface of the center part 10 of the existing bridge 1 which has not been removed yet similarly to ST4. In addition, since the space | interval of the width direction of the self-propelled carriage 62 can be taken here here, the counterweight 67, the expansion-contraction mechanism 68, etc. are unnecessary. Next, in the work yard 9, the intermediate portion 54 of the new bridge 5 is connected to the top beam 64 via the suspension member 66, the lifter 63 is driven to extend, and the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction. 5 intermediate part 54 is lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven to convey the lifted intermediate portion 54 to a position in the vertical direction between the central portion 51 and the side portion 52, the lifter 63 is reduced, and the central portion 51 and the side portion 52 are reduced. The intermediate part 54 is lowered between. And the center part 51, the side part 52, and the intermediate part 54 are fixed with a volt | bolt (not shown) etc. This is repeated for three spans (ST7).

次に、図１１に示すように、昇降装置６を再び順次解体し、この解体した昇降装置６を中間部５４と側部５３の上面に組み替えなおす。ここで、ＳＴ４と同様に、自走台車６２の幅方向の間隔が狭くなるので、カウンタウェイト６７、伸縮機構６８も昇降装置６に取り付ける。ただし、ここでは、カウンタウェイト６７は、昇降装置６により側部１１ｂを吊り上げた際の荷重のアンバランスを解消するため、軌条６１ａ側の底部に固定する。そして、既設橋梁１の側部１１ｂを吊り下げ材６６を介して１径間ごとに頂部梁６４に連結し、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、既設橋梁１の側部１１ｂを吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、吊り上げた既設橋梁１の側部１１ｂを作業ヤード９に搬送して撤去し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、作業ヤード９にこの側部１１ｂを下ろす。側部１１ｂは、作業ヤード９で解体用重機７０により解体した後、輸送トラック８０に積み込み、橋面上から搬出して所定の処理場に廃棄する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ８）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the lifting device 6 is again disassembled sequentially, and the disassembled lifting device 6 is reassembled to the upper surfaces of the intermediate portion 54 and the side portion 53. Here, as in ST4, since the interval in the width direction of the self-propelled carriage 62 becomes narrow, the counterweight 67 and the telescopic mechanism 68 are also attached to the lifting device 6. However, here, the counterweight 67 is fixed to the bottom portion on the rail 61a side in order to eliminate the load imbalance when the side portion 11b is lifted by the lifting device 6. Then, the side portion 11b of the existing bridge 1 is connected to the top beam 64 for each span through the suspension member 66, the lifter 63 is driven and extended, and the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction. 1 side 11b is lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven, and the side portion 11 b of the existing bridge 1 that has been lifted is transported to the work yard 9 and removed, the lifter 63 is reduced, and the side portion 11 b is lowered to the work yard 9. The side portion 11b is dismantled by the demolition heavy machine 70 in the work yard 9, and then loaded onto the transport truck 80. The side portion 11b is unloaded from the bridge surface and discarded at a predetermined treatment site. This is repeated for three spans (ST8).

その後、図１２に示すように、ＳＴ６と同様に、昇降装置６をいったん作業ヤード９まで移動させ、そこで待機させる。そして、新設橋梁５の側部５３を既設橋脚４上の他方の端部（撤去された既設橋梁１の側部１１ｂがあった位置）までスライドさせ、固定する。これを３径間分繰り返す（ＳＴ９）。 After that, as shown in FIG. 12, as in ST6, the elevating device 6 is once moved to the work yard 9 and waited there. Then, the side portion 53 of the new bridge 5 is slid to the other end on the existing pier 4 (the position where the removed side portion 11b of the existing bridge 1 was present) and fixed. This is repeated for three spans (ST9).

次に、図１３に示すように、ＳＴ７と同様に、ＳＴ９でスライドさせた側部５３のテーパ状のブランケット５ｅを回転させて水平方向に展開する。そして、昇降装置６を順次解体し、この解体した昇降装置６を新設橋梁５の中間部５４と側部５３の上面に、中央部５１を跨ぐように組み替えなおす。このとき、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂは、まだ撤去されていない既設橋梁１の中央部１０の上面にも延設する。また、カウンタウェイト６７、伸縮機構６８等は必要ない。その後、作業ヤード９において、新設橋梁５の中間部５５を吊り下げ材６６を介して頂部梁６４に連結し、リフタ６３を駆動して伸長させ、頂部梁６４を鉛直方向上側に持ち上げ、新設橋梁５の中間部５５を吊り上げる。その後、自走台車６２を駆動して、吊り上げた中間部５５を中央部５１と側部５３との間の鉛直方向上方の位置まで搬送し、リフタ６３を縮小させ、中央部５１と側部５３との間にこの中間部５５を下ろす。そして、中央部５１、側部５３と中間部５５とをボルト（不図示）等により固定する。これを３径間分繰り返し、各径間ごとに架設された新設橋梁５同士を固定する（ＳＴ１０）。 Next, as shown in FIG. 13, as in ST7, the tapered blanket 5e of the side portion 53 slid in ST9 is rotated and deployed in the horizontal direction. Then, the lifting device 6 is sequentially disassembled, and the disassembled lifting device 6 is reassembled so as to straddle the central portion 51 on the upper surface of the intermediate portion 54 and the side portion 53 of the new bridge 5. At this time, the rails 61a and 61b also extend to the upper surface of the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 that has not yet been removed. Further, the counter weight 67, the expansion / contraction mechanism 68 and the like are not necessary. Thereafter, in the work yard 9, the intermediate portion 55 of the new bridge 5 is connected to the top beam 64 via the suspension member 66, the lifter 63 is driven to extend, and the top beam 64 is lifted upward in the vertical direction. The intermediate part 55 of 5 is lifted. Thereafter, the self-propelled carriage 62 is driven to convey the lifted intermediate portion 55 to a position above the central portion 51 and the side portion 53 in the vertical direction, the lifter 63 is reduced, and the central portion 51 and the side portion 53 are reduced. The intermediate portion 55 is lowered between. And the center part 51, the side part 53, and the intermediate part 55 are fixed with a volt | bolt (not shown) etc. This is repeated for three spans, and the new bridges 5 constructed for each span are fixed (ST10).

以上のＳＴ１０までで、最初に架け替え範囲として定めた道路２側の端部から既設橋脚４ｃまでの３径間の橋梁の架け替えが終了する。次は、図１４に示すように、架け替え範囲と作業ヤード９とを反転させて残りの部分の架け替えを行う。すなわち、道路２側の端部から既設橋脚４ｃまでの架け替えられた新設橋梁５の橋面上を作業ヤード９として確保し、残った既設橋脚４ｃから道路３側の端部までの２径間を次ぎに架け替える範囲として、ＳＴ２からＳＴ１０を繰り返し、既設橋梁１を新設橋梁５に架け替える（ＳＴ１１）。 Up to the above ST10, the bridge replacement of the three spans from the end on the road 2 side, which is initially determined as the replacement range, to the existing pier 4c is completed. Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the replacement range and the work yard 9 are reversed and the remaining portion is replaced. That is, the work yard 9 is secured on the bridge surface of the newly installed bridge 5 from the end on the road 2 side to the existing pier 4c, and the remaining 2 spans from the existing pier 4c to the end on the road 3 side are secured. Next, ST2 to ST10 are repeated, and the existing bridge 1 is replaced with the new bridge 5 (ST11).

以上のＳＴ１からＳＴ１１までの作業では、既設橋脚４上に架けられた既設橋梁１を幅方向に対して中央部１０と両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに切断して、両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに昇降装置６を設置し、この昇降装置６により中央部１０を吊り上げると共に、昇降装置６が橋軸方向に走行してこの中央部１０を撤去することで、新設橋梁５を架設する場所をあけて該新設橋梁５を架設するため、橋梁の橋面上のみで架け替えの施工をすることが可能であり、河川Ｒの水面は使われていない。すなわち、上部工に対する作業と下部工に対する作業とを分離して、並行して行うことができる。そこで、本実施例では、上部工としての既設橋梁１と新設橋梁５との架け替えに並行して下部工としての新設橋脚９０を施工し、既設橋脚４を撤去することで、工期の短縮化を図っている。 In the operations from ST1 to ST11 described above, the existing bridge 1 laid on the existing pier 4 is cut into the central portion 10 and both side portions 11a and 11b with respect to the width direction, and the lifting and lowering device 6 is provided on both side portions 11a and 11b. The lifting / lowering device 6 lifts the central portion 10, and the lifting / lowering device 6 travels in the direction of the bridge axis to remove the central portion 10. 5 is installed, it is possible to carry out the replacement work only on the bridge surface of the bridge, and the water surface of the river R is not used. That is, the work for the superstructure and the work for the substructure can be separated and performed in parallel. Therefore, in this embodiment, the construction period is shortened by constructing the new pier 90 as the substructure and removing the existing pier 4 in parallel with the replacement of the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5 as the superstructure. I am trying.

新設橋脚９０の施工は、上述したＳＴ２からＳＴ１２と並行して行う。新設橋脚９０は横梁と、この横梁を取り付けるための仕口が形成されている２本の鋼管杭により構成される。新設橋脚９０は、強度が向上した新設橋梁５に対応させて、既設橋脚４ａと既設橋脚４ｂとの間及び既設橋脚４ｃと既設橋脚４ｄとの間の２箇所に１脚ずつ設ける。新設橋脚９０の施工は、まず、自己昇降式作業台船（ＳｅｌｆＥｌｅｖａｔｉｎｇＰｌａｔｆｏｒｍ、以下「ＳＥＰ台船」と略記する。）により、上記２箇所にそれぞれ２本ずつ鋼管杭を運搬し、橋梁の幅方向の両端に各々杭打する。これをＳＴ２からＳＴ６と並行して行い、新設橋梁５の側部５２のブラケット５ｅを展開する前に完了する（ＳＴ２からＳＴ５では新設橋脚９０を点線で示す。）。次に、ＳＴ６からＳＴ１１と並行して、ＳＥＰ台船により横梁を搬送し、鋼管杭に形成された仕口に固定して架設する。その後、図１５に示すように、既設橋梁１と新設橋梁５との架け替えとしてＳＴ１１が終了した後、高欄５ｄなどを設け、既設橋脚４を撤去して終了する（ＳＴ１２）。 Construction of the new pier 90 is performed in parallel with ST2 to ST12 described above. The new pier 90 is composed of a horizontal beam and two steel pipe piles in which a joint for attaching the horizontal beam is formed. One new bridge pier 90 is provided at two locations between the existing pier 4a and the existing pier 4b and between the existing pier 4c and the existing pier 4d in correspondence with the new bridge 5 having improved strength. The construction of the new pier 90 is carried out by first transporting two steel pipe piles to each of the two locations by means of a self-elevating work platform (hereinafter referred to as “SEP platform”). Stake each on both ends of the direction. This is performed in parallel with ST2 to ST6, and is completed before the bracket 5e of the side portion 52 of the new bridge 5 is deployed (in the ST2 to ST5, the new pier 90 is indicated by a dotted line). Next, in parallel with ST6 to ST11, the transverse beam is conveyed by the SEP trolley, and fixed to the joint formed on the steel pipe pile. Then, as shown in FIG. 15, after ST11 is completed as a replacement between the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5, a rail 5d is provided, and the existing pier 4 is removed and the process ends (ST12).

ここで、上記各ステップにおける一般の車両や歩行者の通行の可否について説明する。一般的に、橋梁の架け替えの際には橋梁上の通行は制限されるが、本発明によれば、既設橋梁１を橋軸方向に沿って中央部１０、両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの３つに分割し、中央部１０を撤去した後、新設橋梁５を仮設し、その後両側部１１ａ、１１ｂを撤去するため、橋面上で橋軸方向に行き止まりとなるステップがないので、少なくとも歩行者の通行はすべてのステップで可能である。なお、各ステップにおいて、安全確保のため重機等があるスペースと歩行スペースとを仮設の防護壁（不図示）により区画しておく。また、ステップによっては車両の通行も可能である。すなわち、ＳＴ４では既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂ上、ＳＴ５、ＳＴ６、ＳＴ７では既設橋梁１の側部１１ｂ上、ＳＴ８ではブラケット５ｅを展開した新設橋梁５の側部５２上、ＳＴ９、ＳＴ１０では新設橋梁５の側部５２及び中間部５４上において車両の通行が可能である。したがって、車両の切り回しを行う期間も短期間で済む。 Here, whether or not ordinary vehicles and pedestrians can pass in each step will be described. In general, when a bridge is replaced, traffic on the bridge is restricted. However, according to the present invention, the existing bridge 1 is divided into three parts, a central part 10 and both side parts 11a and 11b along the bridge axis direction. After the central part 10 is removed, the new bridge 5 is temporarily installed, and then the both side parts 11a and 11b are removed, so there is no step in the bridge axis direction on the bridge surface. Traffic is possible at every step. In each step, a space with heavy machinery and the like and a walking space are partitioned by a temporary protective wall (not shown) for ensuring safety. Further, depending on the step, it is possible to pass the vehicle. That is, in ST4, on both side portions 11a, 11b of the existing bridge 1, on ST5, ST6, ST7, on the side portion 11b of the existing bridge 1, on ST8, on the side portion 52 of the new bridge 5 where the bracket 5e is expanded, on ST9, ST10 Vehicles can pass on the side portion 52 and the intermediate portion 54 of the new bridge 5. Therefore, the period for turning the vehicle is short.

以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、既設橋脚４上に架けられた既設橋梁１を幅方向に対して中央部１０と両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに切断し、昇降装置６を両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに走行可能とし、この昇降装置６により中央部１０を撤去すると共に、新設橋梁５を架設する。 According to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the existing bridge 1 spanned on the existing pier 4 is cut into the central portion 10 and both side portions 11a and 11b with respect to the width direction. Then, the elevating device 6 can travel on both side portions 11a and 11b, and the elevating device 6 removes the central portion 10 and constructs the new bridge 5.

したがって、既設橋脚４上に架けられた既設橋梁１を幅方向に対して中央部１０と両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに切断して、両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに昇降装置６を配置することから、昇降装置６は橋軸方向に走行可能となり、この昇降装置６により既設橋梁１の中央部１０を吊り上げると共に、昇降装置６が橋軸方向に走行してこの中央部１０を撤去することで、新設橋梁５を架設する場所をあけて該新設橋梁５を架設するため、橋梁の橋面上のみで架け替えの施工をすることが可能であり、例えば、構台、仮橋等の仮設の構造体を必要としないので、河川占用期間を最小限に抑えて周辺環境への悪影響を抑制し、橋面上で既設橋梁と新設橋梁とを架け替えることで架け替えの効率を向上させことができる。そして、結果的に工事自体の施工費とあわせた整備事業の支出を少なくすることができ、自治体等との協議も最小限で済む。さらに、橋面上で橋軸方向に行き止まりとなるステップがないことから、少なくとも歩行者の通行はすべてのステップで可能であり、車両の通行を規制する期間も最小限で済む。また、既設橋梁１を１径間ずつ一括で撤去し、新設橋梁５を１径間ずつ一括で架設することができるので工期を短縮することができる。 Therefore, the existing bridge 1 laid on the existing bridge pier 4 is cut into the central portion 10 and the both side portions 11a and 11b with respect to the width direction, and the lifting device 6 is disposed on the both side portions 11a and 11b. 6 is able to travel in the direction of the bridge axis, and the lifting device 6 lifts the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 and the lifting device 6 travels in the direction of the bridge axis to remove the central portion 10, so that the new bridge 5 Since the new bridge 5 is installed at a location where the bridge is installed, it is possible to perform the replacement work only on the bridge surface of the bridge. For example, a temporary structure such as a gantry or a temporary bridge is required. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the river occupation period and suppress adverse effects on the surrounding environment, and improve the efficiency of replacement by replacing the existing bridge and the new bridge on the bridge surface. As a result, it is possible to reduce the expenditure of the maintenance business together with the construction cost of the construction itself, and the discussion with the local government or the like can be minimized. Furthermore, since there is no step that makes a dead end in the direction of the bridge axis on the bridge surface, at least pedestrian traffic is possible at all steps, and the period during which vehicle traffic is restricted is minimized. In addition, since the existing bridge 1 can be removed in batches for each diameter and the new bridge 5 can be installed in batches for each diameter, the construction period can be shortened.

さらに、以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、ＳＴ１からＳＴ３では昇降装置６を両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに設けることから、両側部１１ａ、１１ｂ上で自走台車６２の幅方向の間隔を広くとることができるので、昇降装置６を門型にすることができ、水平方向の安定性を向上することができる。また、中央部１０を撤去した位置に新設橋梁５を仮設し、この仮設した新設橋梁５に昇降装置６を走行可能に設けなおすことで、この昇降装置６は新設橋梁５上を橋軸方向に走行可能となり、残っている既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂを吊り上げると共に、この昇降装置６が橋軸方向に走行して両側部１１ａ、１１ｂを撤去することから、橋梁の橋面上のみで架け替えの施工をすることが可能である。また、新たに架設する新設橋梁５の製作段階で、軌条６１ａ、６１ｂなどをあらかじめ組みつけておくことができるので、組みつけが容易で精度も向上する。 Furthermore, according to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, since the elevating device 6 is provided on the both side portions 11a and 11b in ST1 to ST3, the both sides 11a and 11b automatically Since the interval in the width direction of the carriage 62 can be widened, the lifting device 6 can be formed in a gate shape, and the stability in the horizontal direction can be improved. In addition, the new bridge 5 is temporarily installed at the position where the central portion 10 is removed, and the lifting device 6 is removably provided on the temporarily installed new bridge 5 so that the lifting device 6 can be moved on the new bridge 5 in the direction of the bridge axis. It is possible to run, and both sides 11a, 11b of the existing existing bridge 1 are lifted and this lifting device 6 runs in the direction of the bridge axis and removes both sides 11a, 11b, so only on the bridge surface of the bridge. It is possible to carry out a replacement work. Further, since the rails 61a, 61b and the like can be assembled in advance at the production stage of the newly installed bridge 5 to be newly constructed, the assembly is easy and the accuracy is improved.

さらに、以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの片側を撤去する際に、昇降装置６にカウンタウェイト６７、伸縮機構６８を設けることで、昇降装置６の片側への転倒を防止しながら走行可能とする。したがって、ＳＴ４、ＳＴ５、ＳＴ８のように、仮設した新設橋梁５に昇降装置６を走行可能に設けなおし、この昇降装置６により両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの片側を撤去する際に、仮設した新設橋梁５上で自走台車６２の幅方向の間隔が狭くなっても、吊り上げている側への昇降装置６の転倒を防止しながら走行可能とすることから、昇降装置６の水平方向の安定性を確保することができる。 Furthermore, according to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, when removing one side of the both side portions 11a and 11b of the existing bridge 1, the lifting and lowering device 6 is provided with the counterweight 67 and the expansion and contraction. Providing the mechanism 68 enables traveling while preventing the elevating device 6 from falling to one side. Therefore, as in ST4, ST5, ST8, the lifting device 6 is re-installed on the newly installed bridge 5 that is temporarily installed, and when the one side of the side portions 11a, 11b is removed by the lifting device 6, the newly installed bridge 5 that has been temporarily installed. Even if the interval in the width direction of the self-propelled carriage 62 is narrowed above, it is possible to run while preventing the lifting device 6 from falling to the lifting side, so that the horizontal stability of the lifting device 6 is ensured. can do.

さらに、以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、新設橋梁５は、仮設状態において幅方向に中央部５１、両側部５２、５３に分かれており、この中央部５１、両側部５２、５３を１径間ごとに１つのユニットとして仮設し、この両側部５２、５３を離間させ、その間に中間部５４、５５を設置して架設する。したがって、新設橋梁５をその幅を狭めた状態で既設橋脚４上に仮設して、その後、両側部５２、５３をスライドさせ、中間部５４、５５を設置して、この新設橋梁５が所定の幅となるように架設するので、新設橋梁５の運搬が容易となり、また、省スペースでの作業が可能となり、通行や作業員以外の立ち入りを制限すべき領域を狭くすることができることから、通行規制を最小限にとどめることができる。 Further, according to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the new bridge 5 is divided into the central portion 51 and the side portions 52 and 53 in the width direction in the temporary state. The central part 51 and both side parts 52 and 53 are temporarily installed as one unit for each span, the both side parts 52 and 53 are separated, and intermediate parts 54 and 55 are installed between them. Therefore, the new bridge 5 is temporarily installed on the existing pier 4 in a state in which the width thereof is narrowed, and then the both side parts 52 and 53 are slid and the intermediate parts 54 and 55 are installed. Since the bridge is constructed so as to have a width, the new bridge 5 can be transported easily, space-saving work can be performed, and the area where traffic and entry other than workers should be restricted can be narrowed. Regulations can be kept to a minimum.

さらに、以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、既設橋梁１及び新設橋梁５は、橋軸方向に複数に分割して順番に架け替える。したがって、既設橋梁１及び新設橋梁５を橋軸方向に１径間ごとに複数に分割して、分割された既設橋梁１及び新設橋梁５ごとに順番に架け替えを行うことができるので、残っている既設橋梁１上又は架け替えた新設橋梁５の橋面上に十分な作業ヤード９を確保することができる。また、撤去した既設橋梁１を残っている既設橋梁１上又は架け替えた新設橋梁５上で解体することから、既設橋梁１を既設橋脚４上から撤去した後すぐに解体することができるので、比較的サイズの大きい未解体の状態での余計な運搬を削減することができ、また、撤去後すぐに、運搬の際に荷崩れを起こさない程度まで小さく解体することができるので、廃棄物の搬出の際の危険を低減することができる。 Furthermore, according to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5 are divided into a plurality of pieces in the bridge axis direction, and are sequentially replaced. Therefore, the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5 can be divided into a plurality of sections for each span in the bridge axis direction, and the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5 can be replaced in order. A sufficient work yard 9 can be secured on the existing existing bridge 1 or on the bridge surface of the newly installed new bridge 5. In addition, since the existing bridge 1 that has been removed is dismantled on the remaining existing bridge 1 or on the new bridge 5 that has been replaced, the existing bridge 1 can be dismantled immediately after being removed from the existing bridge pier 4. It is possible to reduce unnecessary transportation in a relatively large undismantled state, and immediately after removal, it can be dismantled to the extent that it does not collapse during transportation. The danger at the time of carrying out can be reduced.

さらに、以上で説明した本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、新設橋梁５の架設に並行して新設橋脚９０を施工し、既設橋脚４を撤去する。したがって、上部工に対する作業と下部工に対する作業とを分離し、新設橋梁５の架設に並行して新設橋脚９０を施工し、既設橋脚４を撤去するので、工期を大幅に削減することができる。 Furthermore, according to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the new pier 90 is constructed in parallel with the construction of the new bridge 5, and the existing pier 4 is removed. Therefore, the work for the superstructure and the work for the substructure are separated, the new pier 90 is constructed in parallel with the construction of the new bridge 5, and the existing pier 4 is removed, so that the construction period can be greatly reduced.

図１６は、本発明の実施例２に係る橋梁の施工方法における新設橋梁を橋軸方向から見た側面図である。実施例２に係る橋梁の施工方法は、実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法と略同様の方法であるが、新設橋梁２０５の構成が異なる点で実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法とは異なる。その他、実施例１と共通する構成、作用、効果については、重複した説明はできるだけ省略するとともに、同一の符号を付す。 FIG. 16: is the side view which looked at the newly installed bridge in the bridge construction method which concerns on Example 2 of this invention from the bridge axis direction. The bridge construction method according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as the bridge construction method according to the first embodiment, but is different from the bridge construction method according to the first embodiment in that the configuration of the new bridge 205 is different. . In addition, about the structure, effect | action, and effect which are common in Example 1, while overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted as much as possible, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected.

本発明の実施例２に係る橋梁の施工方法における新設橋梁２０５は、仮設状態において幅方向に収縮しており、仮設後に幅方向に伸張する。新設橋梁２０５は、床板２０５ａ、主桁２０５ｂ、横桁２０５ｃ、縦桁２０５ｄにより構成される。横桁２０５ｃは、床板２０５ａの下面に主桁２０５ｂから橋梁の幅方向に突き出すように構成され、両端部に縦桁２０５ｄが設けられる。新設橋梁２０５は、全体が主桁２０５ｂを有する中央部２５１と、幅方向の両側に位置し各々１本の縦桁２０５ｄを有する側部２５２、２５３との３つの部分に分割されている。側部２５２と中央部２５１、側部２５３と中央部２５１とは、それぞれ横桁２０５ｃの各部間に設けたピン連結部２５６によって回転可能に連結されており、これにより、図中二点鎖線で示すように、両側の側部２５２、２５３はともに中央の中央部２５１上に重ねるように折り畳める構造となっている。 The new bridge 205 in the bridge construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is contracted in the width direction in the temporary state, and extends in the width direction after the temporary setting. The new bridge 205 includes a floor plate 205a, a main beam 205b, a horizontal beam 205c, and a vertical beam 205d. The cross beam 205c is configured to protrude from the main beam 205b in the width direction of the bridge on the lower surface of the floor plate 205a, and the vertical beam 205d is provided at both ends. The new bridge 205 is divided into three parts: a central part 251 having the main girder 205b as a whole and side parts 252 and 253 each having one vertical girder 205d located on both sides in the width direction. The side portion 252 and the central portion 251, and the side portion 253 and the central portion 251 are rotatably connected by a pin connecting portion 256 provided between each portion of the cross beam 205 c. As shown, both side portions 252 and 253 are configured to be folded so as to overlap the central portion 251 at the center.

新設橋梁２０５は、上述したＳＴ３において昇降装置６により吊り上げて既設橋脚４上に仮設する際には、両側部２５２、２５３を中央部２５１上に折り畳んでおく。そして、ＳＴ４において仮設した新設橋梁２０５上に昇降装置６を盛り替える際には、両側部２５２、２５３を共に９０°程度回転させて、新設橋梁２０５の中央部２５１上に昇降装置６を配置できるようにする。ＳＴ７では、新設橋梁５の中間部５４を設置する替わりに、側部２５２をさらに９０°程度回転させて水平方向に展開する。側部２５３の展開についても同様である。 The new bridge 205 is folded on both sides 252 and 253 on the central part 251 when it is lifted by the elevating device 6 and temporarily installed on the existing pier 4 in ST3 described above. In ST4, when the lifting device 6 is rearranged on the newly installed bridge 205, both the side portions 252 and 253 are rotated by about 90 °, and the lifting device 6 can be disposed on the central portion 251 of the new bridge 205. Like that. In ST7, instead of installing the intermediate portion 54 of the new bridge 5, the side portion 252 is further rotated by about 90 ° and deployed in the horizontal direction. The same applies to the development of the side portion 253.

以上で説明した本発明の実施例２に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁によれば、新設橋梁２０５は、仮設状態において幅方向に伸縮可能な構造である。したがって、新設橋梁２０５の幅を狭めた状態で既設橋脚４上へ仮設して、その後所定の幅となるようにこの新設橋梁２０５を伸ばすので、一回の作業で新設橋梁２０５を所定の位置に仮設することができ、また、省スペースでの作業が可能となり、通行や作業員以外の立ち入りを制限すべき領域を狭くすることができることから、通行規制を最小限にとどめることができる。 According to the bridge construction method and the bridge according to the second embodiment of the present invention described above, the new bridge 205 has a structure that can be expanded and contracted in the width direction in the temporary state. Therefore, since the new bridge 205 is temporarily installed on the existing pier 4 with the width of the new bridge 205 narrowed, and then the new bridge 205 is extended so as to have a predetermined width, the new bridge 205 is brought into a predetermined position by one operation. Temporary construction can be performed, and space-saving work can be performed, and the area where traffic and entry other than workers should be restricted can be narrowed, so traffic restrictions can be minimized.

なお、上述した本発明の実施例に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁は、上述した実施例に限定されず、特許請求の範囲に記載された範囲で種々の変更が可能である。実施例２の説明では、新設橋梁２０５は、３つの部分に分割するものとして説明したが、より多くの部分に分割し、これらをピン連結部２５６で回転可能に連結し、ジャバラ状に折り畳むことで幅方向に伸縮可能な構造をなしてもよい。また、新設橋梁２０５は、横桁を長さＬの２本のＨ型鋼と、長さ２Ｌの２本のチャネル鋼により幅方向に伸縮可能な構造をなしてもよい。つまり、２本のＨ型鋼を幅方向に連続して一列に配設し、この２本のＨ型鋼のコの字型の溝を両側から２本のチャネル鋼によって挟み込むようにして構成する。これにより、仮設状態で幅方向に伸縮可能な構造となる。すなわち、２本のＨ型鋼を幅方向にスライドさせて離間させ、チャネル鋼の一端と各Ｈ型鋼の一端との間に必要なかぶりを残して該かぶりの部分にボルトナットを締結することで、新設橋梁を所定の長さまで伸長することができる。また、新設橋梁２０５は、場合によっては分割可能でなくともよい。 In addition, the construction method and bridge of the bridge which concern on the Example of this invention mentioned above are not limited to the Example mentioned above, A various change is possible in the range described in the claim. In the description of the second embodiment, the new bridge 205 has been described as being divided into three parts. However, the new bridge 205 is divided into more parts, and these parts are rotatably connected by a pin connecting part 256 and folded into a bellows shape. A structure that can expand and contract in the width direction may be formed. Further, the new bridge 205 may have a structure that can be expanded and contracted in the width direction by two H-shaped steels having a length L and two channel steels having a length 2L. That is, the two H-shaped steels are arranged in a row continuously in the width direction, and the U-shaped grooves of the two H-shaped steels are sandwiched between the two channel steels from both sides. Thereby, it becomes a structure which can be expanded-contracted in the width direction in a temporary state. That is, by sliding the two H-shaped steels in the width direction and separating them, leaving a necessary cover between one end of the channel steel and one end of each H-shaped steel, and fastening a bolt and nut to the cover part, A new bridge can be extended to a predetermined length. Further, the new bridge 205 may not be divisible depending on circumstances.

また、上述した実施例の説明では、ＳＴ４、ＳＴ８において、既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂの片側を撤去する際、昇降装置６が該片側へ転倒することを防止するため、昇降装置６にカウンタウェイト６７及び伸縮機構６８を設けるものとして説明したが、伸縮機構６８のみで水平方向に安定であればカウンタウェイト６７は設けなくてもよい。同様に、カウンタウェイト６７のみで転倒が抑制されるのであれば伸縮機構６８は設けなくてもよい。さらに、図１７に示すように、各自走台車６２にフック６９を設けて、このフック６９が軌条６１ａ、６１ｂの載置面の裏側に係合することで、昇降装置６の片側への転倒を防止するようにしてもよい。 Moreover, in description of the Example mentioned above, in order to prevent the raising / lowering apparatus 6 from falling down to this one side when removing one side of the both sides 11a, 11b of the existing bridge 1 in ST4, ST8, Although the counter weight 67 and the expansion / contraction mechanism 68 are described as being provided, the counter weight 67 may not be provided if only the expansion / contraction mechanism 68 is stable in the horizontal direction. Similarly, if the fall is suppressed only by the counterweight 67, the expansion / contraction mechanism 68 may not be provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 17, each self-propelled carriage 62 is provided with a hook 69, and the hook 69 engages with the back side of the mounting surface of the rails 61 a and 61 b, so that the lifting device 6 can be turned over to one side. You may make it prevent.

また、上述した実施例の説明では、既設橋梁１の両側部１１ａ、１１ｂに昇降装置６を設置して、先に中央部１０を撤去するものとして説明したが、既設橋梁１の中央部１０に昇降装置６を設置して、先に両側部１１ａ、１１ｂを撤去するものとしてもよい。また、新設橋脚９０の施工は、既設橋梁１と新設橋梁５との架け替えに並行して行うものとして説明したが先行して行ってもよい。また、新設橋梁５に架け替えられる既設橋梁１は、河川Ｒ上に架設される橋梁であるものとして説明したが、谷部に架設される橋梁、陸橋、高架橋等であってもよい。 In the description of the embodiment described above, the lifting device 6 is installed on the both side portions 11a and 11b of the existing bridge 1 and the central portion 10 is removed first, but the central portion 10 of the existing bridge 1 is removed. It is good also as what removes both the side parts 11a and 11b previously by installing the raising / lowering apparatus 6. FIG. In addition, although the construction of the new pier 90 has been described as being performed in parallel with the replacement of the existing bridge 1 and the new bridge 5, it may be performed in advance. Moreover, although the existing bridge 1 to be replaced with the new bridge 5 has been described as a bridge built on the river R, it may be a bridge, a land bridge, a viaduct, or the like built in a valley.

本発明に係る橋梁の施工方法及び橋梁は、既設橋梁を幅方向に対して中央部と両側部に切断して撤去して、新設橋梁に架け替えることで、周辺環境への悪影響を抑制し、橋面上で既設橋梁と新設橋梁とを架け替えることで架け替え効率の向上を図ったものであり、河川部や谷部にかけられる橋梁、高架橋等に適用して有用である。 Bridge construction method and bridge according to the present invention, the existing bridge is cut and removed in the center and both sides with respect to the width direction, and replaced with a new bridge, thereby suppressing adverse effects on the surrounding environment, It is intended to improve the replacement efficiency by replacing the existing bridge and the new bridge on the bridge surface, and it is useful when applied to bridges and viaducts over rivers and valleys.

本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における既設橋梁と施工設備の平面図である。It is a top view of the existing bridge and construction equipment in the construction method of the bridge concerning Example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における既設橋梁の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the existing bridge in the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法における新設橋梁の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the new bridge in the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１に係る橋梁の施工方法を示す模式的な流れ図である。It is a typical flowchart which shows the construction method of the bridge which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２に係る橋梁の施工方法における新設橋梁を橋軸方向から見た側面図である。It is the side view which looked at the new bridge in the bridge construction method concerning Example 2 of the present invention from the direction of a bridge axis. 本発明の実施例に係る橋梁の施工方法の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the construction method of the bridge concerning the Example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１既設橋梁
２、３道路
４、４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ、４ｄ既設橋脚
５、２０５新設橋梁
６昇降装置
７ａ、７ｂ、８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ、８ｄ切断位置
９作業ヤード
１０中央部
１１ａ、１１ｂ側部
５１、２５１中央部
５２、５３、２５２、２５３側部
５４、５５中間部
５６、２５６ピン連結部
６１ａ、６１ｂ軌条
６２自走台車
６３リフタ
６４頂部梁
６５連結梁
６６吊り下げ材
６７カウンタウェイト
６８伸縮機構
６９フック
７０解体用重機
８０輸送トラック
９０新設橋脚
Ｒ河川 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Existing bridge 2, 3 Road 4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d Existing bridge pier 5, 205 New bridge 6 Lifting device 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d Cutting position 9 Work yard 10 Central part 11a, 11b Side part 51, 251 Central part 52, 53, 252, 253 Side part 54, 55 Intermediate part 56, 256 Pin connection part 61a, 61b Rail 62 Self-propelled carriage 63 Lifter 64 Top beam 65 Connection beam 66 Suspension material 67 Counterweight 68 Expansion / contraction Mechanism 69 Hook 70 Demolition heavy machine 80 Transport truck 90 New pier R River

Claims

橋脚上に架けられた既設橋梁を新設橋梁に架け替える橋梁の施工方法において、
前記既設橋梁を幅方向に対して中央部と両側部に切断し、
昇降装置を前記中央部又は前記両側部のいずれか一方に走行可能に設置し、該昇降装置により他方を撤去すると共に、前記新設橋梁を架設することを特徴とする、
橋梁の施工方法。 In the construction method of the bridge that replaces the existing bridge on the pier with the new bridge,
Cutting the existing bridge in the center and both sides with respect to the width direction,
The lifting device is installed so as to be able to run in either the central portion or the both side portions, the other is removed by the lifting device, and the new bridge is constructed.
Bridge construction method.

前記一方は前記両側部であり、
前記昇降装置は門型昇降装置であり、該門型昇降装置は前記両側部を走行して前記他方である前記中央部を撤去することを特徴とする、
請求項１に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 The one is the both sides,
The lifting device is a portal lifting device, and the portal lifting device travels on both sides to remove the other central portion.
The bridge construction method according to claim 1.

前記中央部を撤去した後に、該撤去した位置に前記新設橋梁を仮設し、該仮設した新設橋梁に前記昇降装置を走行可能として、前記両側部を撤去することを特徴とする、
請求項２に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 After removing the central portion, the newly installed bridge is temporarily installed at the removed position, the lifting device can be run on the temporarily installed new bridge, and the both side portions are removed.
The bridge construction method according to claim 2.

前記両側部の片側を撤去する際に、前記昇降装置は、前記片側への転倒を防止されながら走行することを特徴とする、
請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 When removing one side of the both side portions, the lifting device travels while being prevented from falling to the one side,
The bridge construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

前記新設橋梁は、仮設状態において幅方向に収縮しており、仮設後に幅方向に伸張することを特徴とする、
請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 The new bridge is contracted in the width direction in the temporary state, and extends in the width direction after temporary setting,
The bridge construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

前記新設橋梁は、仮設状態において幅方向に複数の部分に分かれており、該複数の部分を離間させ、その間に中間部を設置することを特徴とする、
請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 The new bridge is divided into a plurality of parts in the width direction in the temporary state, the plurality of parts are separated, and an intermediate part is installed therebetween,
The bridge construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

前記既設橋梁及び前記新設橋梁は、橋軸方向に複数に分割して順番に架け替えることを特徴とする、
請求項１乃至請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 The existing bridge and the new bridge are divided into a plurality in the direction of the bridge axis and replaced in order,
The bridge construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

前記既設橋梁上又は前記新設橋梁上で、撤去した前記既設橋梁を解体することを特徴とする、
請求項７に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 Dismantling the removed existing bridge on the existing bridge or on the new bridge,
The bridge construction method according to claim 7.

前記新設橋梁の架設に並行して既設橋脚の間に新設橋脚を施工し、前記既設橋脚を撤去することを特徴とする、
請求項１乃至請求項８のいずれか１項に記載の橋梁の施工方法。 In parallel with the construction of the new bridge, a new pier is constructed between the existing piers, and the existing pier is removed,
The bridge construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.