JP4693795B2 - Preparation method of AE concrete - Google Patents
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本発明はＡＥコンクリートの調製方法に関し、更に詳しくは液状泡沫体を用いるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for preparing AE concrete, and more particularly to a method for preparing AE concrete using a liquid foam.
従来、ＡＥコンクリートの調製方法として、予め起泡剤溶液を気泡発生装置に供して圧縮空気と気液混合することにより液状泡沫体を作製しておき、かかる液状泡沫体を用いてＡＥコンクリートを調製する方法が知られている（例えば特許文献１及び２参照）。かかるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法（所謂プレフォーム法によるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法）には、単にＡＥ剤を加えて練り混ぜるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法（所謂ミックスフォーム法によるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法）に比べ、調製したＡＥコンクリート中に含まれる気泡が均一且つ微細なものとなり、したがって流動性に優れ、また得られる硬化体は気泡間隔係数が小さく、凍結融解に対する抵抗性に優れ、打ち肌面も平滑なものになるという利点がある。 Conventionally, as a method for preparing AE concrete, a liquid foam is prepared in advance by subjecting a foaming agent solution to a bubble generator and mixing it with compressed air, and preparing AE concrete using the liquid foam. There is a known method (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). This AE concrete preparation method (the so-called preform method for preparing AE concrete) is prepared in comparison with the AE concrete preparation method (the so-called mixed foam method for preparing AE concrete) in which an AE agent is simply added and kneaded. The air bubbles contained in the AE concrete are uniform and fine, so that the fluidity is excellent, and the obtained hardened body has a small cell space coefficient, excellent resistance to freezing and thawing, and a smooth skin surface. There is an advantage of becoming.
しかし、液状泡沫体を用いる従来のＡＥコンクリートの調製方法には、調製したＡＥコンクリートの流動性において、またかかるＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数、凍結融解抵抗性及び打ち肌面の平滑性において、改善の程度が不充分という問題がある。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、液状泡沫体を用いるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法において、調製したＡＥコンクリートの流動性を、またかかるＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数、凍結融解抵抗性及び打ち肌面の平滑性を、同時に且つ充分に改善することができるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法を提供する処にある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in the method for preparing AE concrete using a liquid foam, the fluidity of the prepared AE concrete, the cell spacing coefficient, the freeze-thaw resistance of the cured body obtained from such AE concrete, and It exists in providing the preparation method of AE concrete which can improve the smoothness of a skin surface simultaneously and fully.
しかして本発明者らは、前記の課題を解決するべく研究した結果、液状泡沫体として特定の四つの工程を経て得られる改質液状泡沫体を用い、また練り混ぜ水として特定の改質練り混ぜ水を用いるのが正しく好適であることを見出した。 As a result, the present inventors have studied to solve the above problems. As a result, the modified liquid foam obtained through the four specific steps is used as the liquid foam, and the specific modified kneaded water is used as the mixing water. It has been found that the use of mixed water is correct and suitable.
すなわち本発明は、セメント、細骨材、粗骨材、セメント分散剤、液状泡沫体及び練り混ぜ水を用いるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法において、液状泡沫体として下記の改質液状泡沫体を用い、また練り混ぜ水として下記の改質練り混ぜ水を用いることを特徴とするＡＥコンクリートの調製方法に係る。 That is, the present invention uses the following modified liquid foam as the liquid foam in the preparation method of AE concrete using cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement dispersant, liquid foam and mixed water, The present invention relates to a method for preparing AE concrete characterized in that the following modified mixed water is used as the mixed water.
第１工程：練り混ぜ水を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と接触させて改質練り混ぜ水を調製する工程 First step: A step of preparing modified mixed water by bringing the mixed water into contact with an anti-fluorite stone and / or processed anti-fluorite stone.
第２工程：第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水を起泡剤及び泡沫膜安定剤と混合して混合溶液を調製する工程 Second step: A step of preparing a mixed solution by mixing the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step with a foaming agent and a foam film stabilizer.
第３工程：第２工程で調製した混合溶液を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と再接触させて改質混合溶液を調製する工程 Third step: A step of preparing the modified mixed solution by re-contacting the mixed solution prepared in the second step with the anti-fluorite stone and / or the processed product of the anti-fluorite.
第４工程：第３工程で調製した改質混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供して圧縮空気と気液混合することにより液状泡沫体を調製する工程。 Fourth step: A step of preparing a liquid foam by subjecting the modified mixed solution prepared in the third step to a bubble generating apparatus and gas-liquid mixing with compressed air.
本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法では、ＡＥコンクリートを調製するときに用いる液状泡沫体として、以下に説明するような第１工程、第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程を経て得られる改質液状泡沫体を用いる。 In the method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention, the liquid foam used when preparing AE concrete is modified through the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step as described below. Quality liquid foam is used.
第１工程では、練り混ぜ水を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と接触させて改質練り混ぜ水を調製する。練り混ぜ水を抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品と接触させると、表面張力の低下したものとなるが、これが改質練り混ぜ水である。練り混ぜ水と抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品との接触手段は特に限定されず、例えば抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品を収容した槽内に練り混ぜ水を投入して所定時間静置するバッチ方式でもよいし、またポンプによって練り混ぜ水を連続的に送水しつつこれを抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品と接触させるフロー方式でもよい。抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品との接触時間や温度等の接触条件によっても変動するが、かかる接触により、改質練り混ぜ水の表面張力は、接触前の練り混ぜ水と比べて、０．５〜５ｍＮ／ｍ程度低下する。その理由は、改質練り混ぜ水中に抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品から溶出する微量成分が含まれてくるためと推察される。 In the first step, the kneaded water is brought into contact with the raw fire stone and / or the processed product of the fire stone to prepare the modified kneaded water. When the kneaded water is brought into contact with the anti-fluorite gemstone and / or processed product, the surface tension is lowered. This is the modified kneaded water. The means for contacting the mixed water with the anti-fluorite stone and / or processed product is not particularly limited. For example, the mixed water is put into a tank containing the anti-fluorite stone and / or processed product and left for a predetermined time. It may be a batch system, or a flow system in which water is continuously mixed by a pump and is brought into contact with the raw fire stone and / or processed product. Although it varies depending on contact conditions such as contact time and temperature with the anti-fluorite stone and / or processed product, the surface tension of the modified mixed water is 0 as compared with the mixed water before contact. About 5 to 5 mN / m. The reason is presumed that the modified kneaded water contains trace components eluted from the anti-fluorite gemstone and / or processed product.
ここで抗火石について説明する。抗火石（原石）は、伊豆半島や伊豆諸島で産出する石英粗面岩の一種である。抗火石は、石英、長石、雲母及びその他の成分を含有する火山性ガラスを主な構成成分とし、約７０質量％以上のケイ酸（シリカ）を含有していて、火山性活動により、かかるケイ酸が縦横に交走してガラス繊維化した多孔質性の海綿状火成岩となっているものである。またかかる抗火石の加工品には抗火石の粉砕物、造流物、成形物、焼成物等、各種が挙げられ、例えば抗火石の粉末、好ましくは粒子径５０〜５５０μｍの範囲内の粉末を用いた成形体の焼成物が挙げられる。以上説明したような抗火石の原石や加工品それ自体は公知であり、例えば特開昭６１−１２７６８４号公報に記載されている。 Here, the anti-fluorite will be described. Anti-fluorite (rough) is a kind of quartz rough surface rock produced in the Izu Peninsula and Izu Islands. Anti-fluorite is composed mainly of volcanic glass containing quartz, feldspar, mica and other components, and contains about 70% by mass or more of silicic acid (silica). It is a porous sponge-like igneous rock in which acids cross into each other vertically and horizontally to form glass fibers. Further, the processed products of anti-fluorite include various types such as pulverized products, cast products, molded products, fired products, etc. The fired product of the used molded body is mentioned. The raw ore of anti-fluorite as described above and the processed product itself are known, and are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-127684.
第２工程では、第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水を起泡剤及び泡沫膜安定剤と混合して混合溶液を調製する。ここで用いる起泡剤としては、それ自体は公知である各種のアニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤、カチオン界面活性剤及び両性界面活性剤から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上が挙げられるが、アニオン界面活性剤が好ましい。かかるアニオン界面活性剤としては、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルリン酸エステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル塩、ロジン石けん、高級脂肪酸石けん等が挙げられるが、なかでもポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、ロジン石けんが好ましく、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩が特に好ましい。 In the second step, the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step is mixed with a foaming agent and a foam film stabilizer to prepare a mixed solution. Examples of the foaming agent used here include one or more selected from various anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants known per se. Anionic surfactants are preferred. Such anionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, polyoxyethylene alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl phosphate ester salts, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate ester salts, rosin soaps, higher fatty acids. Examples of the soap include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate and rosin soap, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate sodium salt is particularly preferable.
また第２工程で用いる泡沫膜安定剤は気泡を形成し易くし、形成した気泡を壊れ難くするためのもので、これにはそれ自体は公知の各種の水溶性高分子が挙げられる。具体的には、１）ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリビニルピロリドン等の水溶性合成高分子、２）メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、アルギン酸塩等の水溶性半合成高分子、３）でんぷん、カゼイン、ゼラチン、ウエランガム、キサンタンガム等の天然高分子等が挙げられるが、なかでもポリビニルアルコール、メチルセルロースが好ましく、ポリビニルアルコールが特に好ましい。ポリビニルアルコールのなかでも、ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分鹸化物であって、鹸化度が８０〜９５モル％の範囲内にあり且つ２０℃での４％水溶液の粘度が１〜５０ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲内にあるものが好ましく、かかる粘度が１〜３０ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲内にあるものがより好ましい。 In addition, the foam film stabilizer used in the second step is for easily forming bubbles and making the formed bubbles difficult to break, and examples thereof include various water-soluble polymers known per se. Specifically, 1) water-soluble synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl methyl ether, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 2) water-soluble semi-synthetic polymers such as methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, and alginate, and 3) starch. Natural polymers such as casein, gelatin, welan gum, and xanthan gum, and the like. Among them, polyvinyl alcohol and methyl cellulose are preferable, and polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferable. Among polyvinyl alcohols, it is a partially saponified product of polyvinyl acetate, the saponification degree is in the range of 80 to 95 mol%, and the viscosity of the 4% aqueous solution at 20 ° C. is in the range of 1 to 50 mPa · s. Some are preferable, and those having such a viscosity in the range of 1 to 30 mPa · s are more preferable.
第２工程では、第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水を起泡剤及び泡沫膜安定剤と混合するが、この場合、改質練り混ぜ水／起泡剤／泡沫膜安定剤＝７０〜９８．９９／０．０１〜１０／１〜２０（質量％）の割合となるよう混合するのが好ましく、９３〜９８．９７／０．０３〜２／１〜５（質量％）の割合となるよう混合するのがより好ましい。 In the second step, the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step is mixed with the foaming agent and the foam film stabilizer. In this case, the modified kneaded water / foaming agent / foam film stabilizer = 70 to. It is preferable to mix so that it may become a ratio of 99.99 / 0.01-10 / 1-20 (mass%), and the ratio of 93-98.97 / 0.03-2 / 1-5 (mass%) and It is more preferable to mix so that it may become.
第３工程では、第２工程で調製した混合溶液を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と再接触させて改質混合溶液を調製する。抗火石の原石や加工品、また接触手段等は第１工程について前記したことと同じである。 In the third step, the modified mixed solution is prepared by re-contacting the mixed solution prepared in the second step with the anti-fluorite stone and / or the processed product of the anti-fluorite. The raw ore of the anti-fluorite, the processed product, the contact means, etc. are the same as those described above for the first step.
第４工程では、第３工程で調製した改質混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供して圧縮空気と気液混合することにより液状泡沫体を調製する。調製したＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の凍害は、硬化体中の空隙に存在する水が寒冷地で凍結融解を繰り返すときの凍結膨張により組織が破壊される現象である。かかる現象が生じるのを防止するためには、硬化体中の気泡を、したがって調製したＡＥコンクリート中の気泡をできるだけ微細な独立気泡とすることが重要であり、この意味でＡＥコンクリートに空気を連行させるために用いる液状泡沫体は、気泡径が１〜１５０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成されたものとするのが好ましく、なかでも気泡径が１０〜９０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡の含有割合の多いものほどより好ましい。 In the fourth step, a liquid foam is prepared by subjecting the modified mixed solution prepared in the third step to a bubble generator and gas-liquid mixing with compressed air. The frost damage of the hardened body obtained from the prepared AE concrete is a phenomenon in which the structure is destroyed by freezing expansion when water present in the voids in the hardened body repeatedly freezes and thaws in a cold region. In order to prevent such a phenomenon from occurring, it is important to make the air bubbles in the hardened body, and therefore the air bubbles in the prepared AE concrete as fine as possible, and in this sense, air is entrained in the AE concrete. It is preferable that the liquid foam used for the formation is formed of fine closed cells having a bubble diameter of 1 to 150 μm, and in particular, fine closed cells having a bubble diameter of 10 to 90 μm. The more the content ratio, the more preferable.
前記のような微細な独立気泡で形成された液状泡沫体は、第３工程で調製した改質混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供して圧縮空気と気液混合することにより得られる。ここで用いる気泡発生装置それ自体は、公知の装置例えば特開昭６３−１５６５２６号公報や特開平４−２５５３０３号公報に記載のものを適用できる。圧縮空気としては、通常は圧力が０．２〜０．３ＭＰａのものを用いるが、圧力が０．５〜０．８ＭＰａのものを用いるのが好ましく、また予め抗火石の原石及び／又は加工品と接触させておいたものを用いるのが好ましい。 The liquid foam formed by the fine closed cells as described above can be obtained by subjecting the modified mixed solution prepared in the third step to a bubble generator and gas-liquid mixing with compressed air. As the bubble generating device itself used here, known devices such as those described in JP-A 63-156526 and JP-A 4-255303 can be applied. As the compressed air, one having a pressure of 0.2 to 0.3 MPa is usually used, but one having a pressure of 0.5 to 0.8 MPa is preferably used. It is preferable to use one that has been brought into contact with.
本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法では、ＡＥコンクリートを調製するときに用いる練り混ぜ水として、前記の第１工程で得られる改質練り混ぜ水を用いる。 In the method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention, the modified mixed water obtained in the first step is used as the mixed water used when preparing the AE concrete.
本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法は、セメント、細骨材、粗骨材、セメント分散剤、更に以上説明した改質液状泡沫体及び改質練り混ぜ水を用いるＡＥコンクリートの調製方法である。 The method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention is a method for preparing AE concrete using cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement dispersant, the modified liquid foam described above, and modified mixing water.
セメントとしては、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメント等の各種ポルトランドセメントの他に、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、シリカフュームセメント等の各種混合セメント、更には超早強セメントやアルミナセメント等を使用できる。また必要に応じて、石炭灰、高炉スラグ微粉末、シリカフューム微粉末等の潜在水硬性物質、石灰石微粉末等を併用することもできる。 As cement, various portland cements such as ordinary portland cement, early strong portland cement, medium heat portland cement, low heat portland cement, various mixed cements such as blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica fume cement, and super early strength. Cement and alumina cement can be used. Moreover, latent hydraulic substances, such as coal ash, blast furnace slag fine powder, silica fume fine powder, limestone fine powder, etc. can also be used together as needed.
細骨材としては、いずれも公知の川砂、山砂、海砂、砕砂等を使用できる。粗骨材としては、いずれも公知の川砂利、砕石、軽量骨材等を使用できる。 As fine aggregates, known river sand, mountain sand, sea sand, crushed sand and the like can be used. As the coarse aggregate, any known river gravel, crushed stone, lightweight aggregate and the like can be used.
セメント分散剤としては、減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤等として市販されているもののなかから選ばれるものを使用できる。それらの成分としては、リグニンスルホン酸塩、グルコン酸塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物塩、メラミンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物塩、ポリカルボン酸塩等が知られているが、なかでもセメント分散剤としては、水溶性ビニル共重合体を主成分とするポリカルボン酸塩系のものが好ましく、かかるポリカルボン酸塩セメント分散剤としては、例えば特開昭５８−７４５５２号公報や特開平１−２２６７５７号公報に記載されているものを適用できる。 As a cement dispersing agent, what is chosen from what is marketed as a water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent, a high performance AE water reducing agent etc. can be used. As these components, lignin sulfonate, gluconate, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate salt, melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate salt, polycarboxylate, etc. are known, among which cement dispersants Are preferably polycarboxylates based on water-soluble vinyl copolymers, and examples of such polycarboxylate cement dispersants include JP-A-58-74552 and JP-A-1-226757. What is described in the gazette is applicable.
ＡＥコンクリートを調製するときの各資材の練り混ぜ手順は特に制限されないが、セメント、細骨材、セメント分散剤及び改質練り混ぜ水をコンクリート用ミキサーに投入して練り混ぜることによりモルタルを調製した後、このモルタルに改質液状泡沫体をコンクリート１ｍ３当たり０．５〜１０kgの割合となるよう加えて練り混ぜ、更に粗骨材を加えて練り混ぜることによりＡＥコンクリートを調製するのが好ましい。またかくして調製するＡＥコンクリートは、連行空気量が多いと、凍結融解抵抗性は良くなる傾向にあるが、圧縮強度が低下し、また連行空気量が少ないと、圧縮強度は高くなる傾向にあるが、凍結融解抵抗性が低下する傾向があるため、通常は連行空気量を３〜６容量％とするのが好ましい。 The mixing procedure of each material when preparing AE concrete is not particularly limited, but mortar was prepared by putting cement, fine aggregate, cement dispersant and modified mixing water into a concrete mixer and mixing. Thereafter, it is preferable to prepare AE concrete by adding the modified liquid foam to this mortar at a ratio of 0.5 to 10 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete and kneading, and further adding coarse aggregate and kneading. The AE concrete thus prepared tends to improve the freeze-thaw resistance when the amount of entrained air is large, but the compressive strength decreases, and when the amount of entrained air is small, the compressive strength tends to increase. Since the freeze-thaw resistance tends to decrease, it is usually preferable to set the entrained air amount to 3 to 6% by volume.
以上説明した本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法によって得られるＡＥコンクリートは流動性に優れ、またかかるＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体は気泡間隔係数が小さく、凍結融解抵抗性及び打ち肌面の平滑性に優れたものとなるが、ＡＥコンクリートとしては、それから得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数が１００〜３５０μｍの範囲内となるものが好ましい。本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法によって得られるＡＥコンクリートは、建設現場で打設されるＡＥコンクリートとしてだけではなく、コンクリート製品工場で加工される二次製品用のＡＥコンクリートとしても適用でき、また普通のＡＥコンクリート、高強度のＡＥコンクリート、高流動のＡＥコンクリート等、各種のＡＥコンクリートとして適用できる。 The AE concrete obtained by the method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention described above is excellent in fluidity, and the hardened body obtained from such AE concrete has a small bubble spacing coefficient, freeze-thaw resistance, and smoothness of the skin surface. However, as the AE concrete, it is preferable that the air gap coefficient of the cured product obtained from the AE concrete is in the range of 100 to 350 μm. The AE concrete obtained by the method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention can be applied not only as AE concrete placed at a construction site, but also as AE concrete for secondary products processed at a concrete product factory. It can be applied as various AE concretes such as ordinary AE concrete, high-strength AE concrete, and high-flow AE concrete.
本発明に係るＡＥコンクリートの調製方法によると、調製したＡＥコンクリートの流動性を、またかかるＡＥコンクリートから得られる硬化体の気泡間隔係数、凍結融解抵抗性及び打ち肌面の平滑性を、同時に且つ充分に改善することができる。 According to the method for preparing AE concrete according to the present invention, the fluidity of the prepared AE concrete, the cell spacing coefficient, the freeze-thaw resistance, and the smoothness of the skin surface of the cured body obtained from the AE concrete are simultaneously obtained. It can be improved sufficiently.
以下、本発明の構成及び効果をより具体的にするため、実施例等を挙げるが、本発明が該実施例に限定されるというものではない。尚、以下の実施例等において、別に記載しない限り、％は質量％を、また部は質量部を意味する。 Hereinafter, in order to make the configuration and effects of the present invention more specific, examples and the like will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples. In the following examples and the like, unless otherwise indicated,% means mass% and part means mass part.
試験区分１（改質液状泡沫体等の調製）
・調製例１
次の第１工程、第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程を経て改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−１）を調製した。
第１工程：表１に記載の組成を有する抗火石の原石（直径約１cmのボール状）を槽内に詰め、その上部から水道水を連続的に且つ徐々に送水して原石と接触させ、槽の下部から改質練り混ぜ水を得た。表面張力を測定したところ、接触前の水道水が７２．０ｍＮ／ｍであるのに対し、接触後の改質練り混ぜ水は６８．０ｍＮ／ｍに低下していた。
Test category 1 (Preparation of modified liquid foam, etc.)
Preparation Example 1
The modified liquid foam (A-1) was prepared through the following first step, second step, third step and fourth step.
Step 1: Packing antibacterial stones (ball shape with a diameter of about 1 cm) having the composition shown in Table 1 in a tank, and continuously and gradually feeding tap water from the upper part to contact the raw stones. Reformed kneaded water was obtained from the bottom of the tank. When the surface tension was measured, the tap water before contact was 72.0 mN / m, whereas the modified kneaded water after contact was reduced to 68.0 mN / m.
第２工程：第１工程で得た改質練り混ぜ水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−０５、鹸化度８８モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃での粘度５ｍＰａ・ｓ）とを、該改質練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９８．４５／０．０５／１．５０（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製した。 Second step: The modified kneaded water obtained in the first step, polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as a foaming agent and polyvinyl alcohol as a foam film stabilizer (Nippon Vinegar-Poval) Product name J-Poval JP-05, saponification degree 88 mol%, 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20 ° C. 5 mPa · s), the modified kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer. = 98.45 / 0.05 / 1.50 (mass%) It mixed so that it might become a ratio, and the mixed solution was prepared.
第３工程：第２工程で調製した混合溶液を、第１工程と同様にして抗火石の原石と再接触させ、改質混合溶液を調製した。 Third step: The mixed solution prepared in the second step was re-contacted with the anti-fluorite stone in the same manner as in the first step to prepare a modified mixed solution.
第４工程：第３工程で調製した改質混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供し、圧縮空気と気液混合して、気泡径１５〜１２０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−１）を調製した。 Fourth step: The modified mixed solution prepared in the third step is subjected to a bubble generator, mixed with compressed air and gas-liquid mixed, and a modified liquid formed with fine closed cells having a bubble diameter of 15 to 120 μm. Foam (A-1) was prepared.
・調製例２
次の第１工程、第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程を経て改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−２）を調製した。
第１工程：調製例１と同じ抗火石の原石を粉砕し、粒子径５０〜５５０μｍの範囲内の粉末とした。この粉末を７０質量％、また粘土を３０質量％の割合で混合し、その混合物からボール状の成形体を成形した後、成形体を１０００〜１５００℃の温度で焼成して、直径約１cmのボール状の焼成物を得た。抗火石の加工品に相当するかかる焼成物を用い、以下調製例１と同様にして、改質練り混ぜ水を得た。表面張力を測定したところ、接触前の水道水が７２．０ｍＮ／ｍであるのに対し、接触後の改質練り混ぜ水は６９．０ｍＮ／ｍに低下していた。
Preparation Example 2
The modified liquid foam (A-2) was prepared through the following first step, second step, third step and fourth step.
First step: The same antifluorite ore as in Preparation Example 1 was pulverized to obtain a powder having a particle size in the range of 50 to 550 μm. 70% by mass of this powder and 30% by mass of clay were mixed. After forming a ball-shaped molded body from the mixture, the molded body was fired at a temperature of 1000 to 1500 ° C., and the diameter was about 1 cm. A ball-like fired product was obtained. Using this calcined product corresponding to the processed product of anti-fluorite, modified mixed water was obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1. When the surface tension was measured, the tap water before contact was 72.0 mN / m, whereas the modified kneaded water after contact was reduced to 69.0 mN / m.
第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程：抗火石の原石の代わりに前記の抗火石の加工品を用いたこと以外は調製例１と同様にして、気泡径２０〜１３０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−２）を調製した。 Second step, third step and fourth step: In the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 except that the processed product of anti-fluorite was used instead of the raw stone of anti-fluorite, a fine particle having a bubble diameter in the range of 20 to 130 μm A modified liquid foam (A-2) formed of individual closed cells was prepared.
・調製例３
次の第１工程、第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程を経て改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−３）を調製した。
第１工程：調製例１で用いた抗火石の原石の代わりに調製例１で用いた抗火石の原石と調製例２で用いた抗火石の加工品との等量割合混合物を用いたこと以外は調製例１と同様にして、改質練り混ぜ水を得た。表面張力を測定したところ、接触前の水道水が７２．０ｍＮ／ｍであるのに対し、接触後の改質練り混ぜ水は６８．３ｍＮ／ｍに低下していた。
Preparation Example 3
The modified liquid foam (A-3) was prepared through the following first step, second step, third step and fourth step.
First step: In place of using the equivalent ratio mixture of the anti-fluorite stone used in Preparation Example 1 and the processed anti-fluorite stone used in Preparation Example 2 instead of the anti-fluorite stone used in Preparation Example 1 In the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, modified kneaded water was obtained. When the surface tension was measured, the tap water before contact was 72.0 mN / m, whereas the modified kneaded water after contact was reduced to 68.3 mN / m.
第２工程：第１工程で得た改質練り混ぜ水と、起泡剤としてのロジン石けん及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのメチルセルロース（信越化学工業社製の商品名ｈｉ−メトローズ９０ＳＨ―４０００）とを、該改質練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９８．９２／０．０８／１．００（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製した。 Second step: the modified kneaded water obtained in the first step, rosin soap as a foaming agent and methylcellulose as a foam film stabilizer (trade name hi-Metroze 90SH-4000 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) The modified kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer = 98.92 / 0.08 / 1.00 (mass%) were mixed to prepare a mixed solution.
第３工程及び第４工程：抗火石の原石の代わりに抗火石の原石と抗火石の加工品との等量割合混合物を用いたこと以外は調製例１と同様にして、気泡径が１０〜１５０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−３）を調製した。 Third step and fourth step: In the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 except that an equivalent ratio mixture of anti-refractory stone and processed anti-refractory stone was used instead of anti-refractory stone, the cell size was 10 to 10. A modified liquid foam (A-3) formed of fine closed cells within a range of 150 μm was prepared.
・調製例４
第２工程において、第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのポリビニルアルコール（日本合成化学社製の商品名ゴーセノールＧＭ−１４、鹸化度８８モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃での粘度２３ｍＰａ・ｓ）とを、該改質練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９８．４５／０．０５／１．５０（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製し、また第４工程において、予め抗火石の原石と接触させておいた圧縮空気を用いたこと以外は調製例１と同様にして、気泡径が１０〜１３０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−４）を調製した。
Preparation Example 4
In the second step, the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step, polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as a foaming agent and polyvinyl alcohol as a foam film stabilizer (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) Trade name Gohsenol GM-14, saponification degree 88 mol%, viscosity of 4% aqueous solution at 20 ° C. of 23 mPa · s), the modified kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer = 98. A mixed solution was prepared by mixing at a ratio of 45 / 0.05 / 1.50 (mass%), and in the fourth step, compressed air that had been previously contacted with the anti-fluorite stone was used. Except for the above, a modified liquid foam (A-4) formed of fine closed cells having a bubble diameter in the range of 10 to 130 μm was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1.
・調製例５
第２工程において、第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのポリビニルアルコール（調製例４で用いたものと同じもの）とを、改質練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９７．７５／０．７５／１．５０（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製し、また第４工程において、予め抗火石の加工品と接触させておいた圧縮空気を用いたこと以外は調製例２と同様にして、気泡径が１５〜１３０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−５）を調製した。
Preparation Example 5
In the second step, the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step, polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as a foaming agent and polyvinyl alcohol as a foam film stabilizer (used in Preparation Example 4) Mixed with the modified kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer = 97.75 / 0.75 / 1.50 (mass%). In the fourth step, a fine bubble with a bubble diameter in the range of 15 to 130 μm was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 2 except that compressed air that had been previously brought into contact with the processed anti-fluorite stone was used in the fourth step. A modified liquid foam (A-5) formed of individual closed cells was prepared.
・調製例６
第２工程において、第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−１８、鹸化度８８モル％、４％水溶液の２０℃での粘度２５ｍＰａ・ｓ）とを、改質練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９７．８０／０．７５／１．４５（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製し、また第４工程において、予め抗火石の原石と抗火石の加工品との等量割合混合物と接触させておいた圧縮空気を用いたこと以外は、調製例３と同様にして、気泡径が１０〜１４０μｍの範囲内の微細な独立気泡で形成された改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−６）を調製した。
Preparation Example 6
In the second step, the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step, polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as a foaming agent and polyvinyl alcohol as a foam film stabilizer (Nippon Vinegar / Povar) Product name J-Poval JP-18, saponification degree 88 mol%, viscosity of 4% aqueous solution at 20 ° C., 25 mPa · s), modified kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer = 97.80 / 0.75 / 1.45 (mass%) is mixed to prepare a mixed solution. Also, in the fourth step, the anti-fluorite raw stone and the anti-fluorite processed product are previously prepared. A modified liquid foam formed of fine closed cells having a bubble diameter in the range of 10 to 140 μm, in the same manner as in Preparation Example 3, except that compressed air that had been brought into contact with the quantitative mixture was used. A-6) was prepared.
・調製例７
練り混ぜ水としての水道水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩とを、該練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤＝９９．９５／０．０５（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製した後、該混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供し、圧縮空気と気液混合して、液状泡沫体（Ｒ−１）を調製した。
Preparation Example 7
Tap water as kneading water and polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as foaming agent are mixed water / the foaming agent = 99.95 / 0.05 (mass%). Then, the mixed solution was prepared by mixing the mixture solution in a bubble generating apparatus and mixed with compressed air and gas-liquid to prepare a liquid foam (R-1).
・調製例８
練り混ぜ水としての水道水と、起泡剤としてのポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのポリビニルアルコール（調製例１で使用したものと同じもの）とを、該練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９７．７５／０．７５／１．５０（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製した後、該混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供し、圧縮空気と気液混合して、液状泡沫体（Ｒ−２）を調製した。
Preparation Example 8
Tap water as kneaded water, polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate sodium salt as foaming agent and polyvinyl alcohol as foam film stabilizer (same as used in Preparation Example 1), A mixed solution was prepared by mixing the kneaded water / the foaming agent / the foam film stabilizer = 97.75 / 0.75 / 1.50 (mass%). It used for the bubble generator and mixed with compressed air and gas-liquid, and prepared the liquid foam (R-2).
・調製例９
練り混ぜ水としての水道水と、起泡剤としてのロジン石けん及び泡沫膜安定剤としてのメチルセルロース（調製例３で使用したものと同じもの）とを、該練り混ぜ水／該起泡剤／該泡沫膜安定剤＝９８．９２／０．０８／１．００（質量％）の割合となるよう混合して混合溶液を調製した後、該混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供し、圧縮空気と気液混合して、液状泡沫体（Ｒ−３）を調製した。
Preparation Example 9
Tap water as mixing water, rosin soap as foaming agent and methylcellulose as foam film stabilizer (same as used in Preparation Example 3), the mixing water / the foaming agent / the foaming agent. Foam film stabilizer = 98.92 / 0.08 / 1.00 (mass%) After mixing to prepare a mixed solution, the mixed solution is supplied to a bubble generator, and compressed air and gas-liquid are mixed. By mixing, a liquid foam (R-3) was prepared.
・調製例１０
抗火石の原石をトルマリンの原石に代えたこと以外は調製例１と同様にして、液状泡沫体（Ｒ−４）を調製した。
Preparation Example 10
A liquid foam (R-4) was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 except that the anti-fluorite gemstone was replaced with tourmaline gemstone.
以上の調製例１〜１０で調製した液状泡沫体（Ａ−１）〜（Ａ−６）及び（Ｒ−１）〜（Ｒ−４）の内容を表２にまとめて示した。
The contents of the liquid foams (A-1) to (A-6) and (R-1) to (R-4) prepared in the above Preparation Examples 1 to 10 are shown together in Table 2.
表２において、
気泡径：光学顕微鏡を用いた液状泡沫体の写真画像のなかから無作為に抽出した５０個の気泡についてそれらの径を測定し、気泡径の範囲を求めた
ｂ−１：水道水を抗火石の原石と接触させた改質練り混ぜ水
ｂ−２：水道水を抗火石の加工品と接触させた改質練り混ぜ水
ｂ−３：水道水を抗火石の原石と抗火石の加工品との等量割合混合物と接触させた改質練り混ぜ水
ｂ−４：水道水
ｂ−５：水道水をトルマリンの原石と接触させた練り混ぜ水
ｃ−１：ポリオキシエチレン（３モル）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム塩
ｃ−２：ロジン石けん
ｄ−１：ポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−０５）
ｄ−２：メチルセルロース（信越化学工業社製の商品名ｈｉ−メトローズ９０ＳＨ―４０００）
ｄ−３：ポリビニルアルコール（日本合成化学社製の商品名ゴーセノールＧＭ−１４）
ｄ−４：ポリビニルアルコール（日本酢ビ・ポバール社製の商品名Ｊ−ポバールＪＰ−１８）
In Table 2,
Bubble diameter: The diameter of 50 bubbles randomly extracted from a photographic image of a liquid foam using an optical microscope was measured to determine the range of the bubble diameter. B-1: Tap water for anti-fluorite B-2: modified mixed water in which tap water is brought into contact with processed anti-refractory stone b-3: processed tap water with anti-refractory stone and processed anti-refractory stone B-4: tap water b-5: kneaded water obtained by contacting tap water with rough tourmaline c-1: polyoxyethylene (3 mol) lauryl ether Sodium sulfate salt c-2: Rosin soap d-1: Polyvinyl alcohol (Brand name J-Poval JP-05 manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Poval)
d-2: Methylcellulose (trade name hi-Metroze 90SH-4000 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
d-3: Polyvinyl alcohol (trade name Gohsenol GM-14 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.)
d-4: Polyvinyl alcohol (trade name J-Poval JP-18 manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Poval)
試験区分２（改質液状泡沫体等を用いたＡＥコンクリートの調製及び評価）
・実施例１〜３、比較例１及び４
表３に記載の調合条件１で、１００リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに、調製例１で得た改質練り混ぜ水、普通ポルトランドセメント（比重＝３．１６、ブレーン値３３００）、細骨材（大井川水系砂、比重＝２．５８）及びＡＥ減水剤（竹本油脂社製のポリカルボン酸塩系セメント分散剤、商品名チューポールＥＸ５０）の各所定量を投入して３０秒間練り混ぜた。次に、調製例１の改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−１）の所定量を投入して１０秒間練り混ぜ、更に粗骨材（岡崎産砕石、比重＝２．６８）を投入して９０秒間練り混ぜて、目標スランプが８±１．５cm、目標空気量が３．５±０．５％の範囲内となる実施例１のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。同様にして、実施例２、３、比較例１及び４のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。
Test Category 2 (Preparation and evaluation of AE concrete using modified liquid foam)
Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4
Under the mixing condition 1 shown in Table 3, the modified kneaded water obtained in Preparation Example 1, ordinary Portland cement (specific gravity = 3.16, brain value 3300), fine aggregate in a 100 liter bread type forced kneading mixer Predetermined amounts of (Oikawa water-based sand, specific gravity = 2.58) and AE water reducing agent (polycarboxylate-based cement dispersant manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name Tupol EX50) were added and kneaded for 30 seconds. Next, a predetermined amount of the modified liquid foam (A-1) of Preparation Example 1 is added and mixed for 10 seconds, and then coarse aggregate (Okazaki crushed stone, specific gravity = 2.68) is added for 90 seconds. The AE concrete of Example 1 having a target slump of 8 ± 1.5 cm and a target air amount of 3.5 ± 0.5% was prepared by kneading. In the same manner, AE concretes of Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 were prepared.
・実施例４〜６、比較例２及び３
表３に記載の調合条件２で、１００リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに、調製例１で得た改質練り混ぜ水、セメント、石炭灰、炭酸カルシウム、細骨材及び高性能減水剤（竹本油脂社製のポリカルボン酸塩系セメント分散剤、商品名チューポールＮＶ−Ｇ５）の各所定量を投入して４５秒間練り混ぜた。次に、調製例４の改質液状泡沫体（Ａ−４）の所定量を投入して６０秒間練り混ぜ、更に粗骨材を投入して９０秒間練り混ぜて、目標スランプフローが７５±２cm、目標空気量が３．５±０．５％の範囲内となる実施例４のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。同様にして、実施例５、６、比較例２及び３のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。
Examples 4-6, Comparative Examples 2 and 3
Under the mixing condition 2 shown in Table 3, the modified mixed water obtained in Preparation Example 1, cement, coal ash, calcium carbonate, fine aggregate and high-performance water reducing agent (Takemoto) Each predetermined amount of polycarboxylate-based cement dispersant manufactured by Yushi Co., Ltd., trade name Tupol NV-G5) was added and kneaded for 45 seconds. Next, a predetermined amount of the modified liquid foam (A-4) of Preparation Example 4 is added and mixed for 60 seconds, and then coarse aggregate is added and mixed for 90 seconds. The target slump flow is 75 ± 2 cm. The AE concrete of Example 4 in which the target air amount is in the range of 3.5 ± 0.5% was prepared. In the same manner, AE concretes of Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were prepared.
・比較例５
表３に記載の調合条件１で、１００リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに、練り混ぜ水として水道水、普通ポルトランドセメント、細骨材、ＡＥ減水剤（実施例１と同じもの）及びＡＥ剤（竹本油脂社製の商品名ＡＥ−２００）の各所定量を投入して３０秒間練り混ぜた。次に粗骨材を投入して９０秒間練り混ぜ、目標スランプが８±１．５cm、目標空気量が３．５±０．５％の範囲内となる比較例５のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。
Comparative example 5
In the mixing condition 1 shown in Table 3, in a 100 liter pan-type forced kneading mixer, tap water, ordinary portland cement, fine aggregate, AE water reducing agent (same as in Example 1) and AE agent ( Each predetermined amount of trade name AE-200) manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd. was added and kneaded for 30 seconds. Next, coarse aggregate was added and kneaded for 90 seconds to prepare AE concrete of Comparative Example 5 having a target slump of 8 ± 1.5 cm and a target air amount of 3.5 ± 0.5%.
・比較例６
表３に記載の調合条件２で、１００リットルのパン型強制練りミキサーに、練り混ぜ水として水道水、普通ポルトランドセメント、石炭灰、炭酸カルシウム、細骨材、高性能減水剤（実施例４と同じもの）及びＡＥ剤（竹本油脂社製の商品名ＡＥ−２００）の各所定量を投入して６０秒間練り混ぜた。次に粗骨材を投入して９０秒間練り混ぜて、目標スランプフローが７５±２cm、目標空気量が３．５±０．５％の範囲内となる比較例６のＡＥコンクリートを調製した。
Comparative Example 6
In the mixing condition 2 shown in Table 3, in a 100-liter pan-type forced kneading mixer, tap water, ordinary portland cement, coal ash, calcium carbonate, fine aggregate, high-performance water reducing agent (Example 4 and The same amount) and an AE agent (trade name AE-200 manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) were added and mixed for 60 seconds. Next, coarse aggregate was added and kneaded for 90 seconds to prepare AE concrete of Comparative Example 6 having a target slump flow of 75 ± 2 cm and a target air amount of 3.5 ± 0.5%.
・ＡＥコンクリートの評価
調製した各例のＡＥコンクリートについて、空気量、スランプ、スランプフロー、スランプ残存率又はスランプフロー残存率を次のように求め、結果を表４にまとめて示した。また各例のＡＥコンクリートを硬化させた硬化体について、気泡間隔係数、凍結融解耐久性指数、打ち肌面の平滑性及び圧縮強度を次のように求め、結果を表５にまとめて示した。
-Evaluation of AE concrete The air volume, slump, slump flow, slump residual ratio or slump flow residual ratio of the prepared AE concrete was determined as follows, and the results are summarized in Table 4. Further, with respect to the cured bodies obtained by curing the AE concrete of each example, the bubble spacing coefficient, the freeze / thaw durability index, the smoothness of the skin surface and the compressive strength were determined as follows, and the results are summarized in Table 5.
・空気量：練り混ぜ直後のＡＥコンクリート及び更に６０分間静置後のＡＥコンクリートについて、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１２８に準拠して測定した。
・スランプ：空気量の測定と同時に、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１０１に準拠して測定した。
・スランプ残存率：（６０分間静置後のスランプ／練り混ぜ直後のスランプ）×１００で求めた。
・スランプフロー：ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１５０に準拠して測定した。
・スランプフロー残存率：（６０分間静置後のスランプフロー／練り混ぜ直後の
スランプフロー）×１００で求めた。
Air amount: AE concrete immediately after mixing and AE concrete after standing for 60 minutes were measured according to JIS-A1128.
-Slump: It measured based on JIS-A1101 simultaneously with the measurement of air quantity.
-Slump residual ratio: (slump after standing for 60 minutes / slump just after mixing) x 100.
-Slump flow: Measured according to JIS-A1150.
-Slump flow residual ratio: (slump flow after standing for 60 minutes / slump flow immediately after kneading) x 100.
・気泡間隔係数：各例のＡＥコンクリートを、２０℃×６０％ＲＨの条件下で４週間保存し、得られた硬化体の表面を研磨仕上げした供試体について、気泡組織をＡＳＴＭ−Ｃ４５７のリニアトラバース法に準拠して測定した。
・凍結融解耐久性指数：各例のＡＥコンクリートから得た硬化体について、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１２９の付属書２に準拠して測定した値を用い、ＡＳＴＭ−Ｃ６６６−７５の耐久性指数で計算した数値を示した。この数値は、最大値が１００で、１００に近いほど、凍結融解に対する抵抗性が優れていることを示す。
・打ち肌面の平滑性：各例のＡＥコンクリートを、縦×横×幅が１ｍ×１ｍ×０．１ｍの鋼製型枠に打ち込み、調合条件１のＡＥコンクリートの場合はバイブレータを使用して締め固め、また調合条件２のＡＥコンクリートの場合はバイブレータを使用せずに自己充填した。７日後に型枠を外し、得られた硬化体の打肌面の全面に存在する気泡径５mm以上の気泡数をカウントし、打ち肌面１ｍ２当たりに存在する気泡数に換算して、打ち肌面の平滑性を次の基準で評価した。
◎：５mm以上の気泡数０〜４個（極めて美麗）
○：５mm以上の気泡数５〜１０個（美麗）
△：５mm以上の気泡数１１〜２０個（少し荒さが目立つ）
×：５mm以上の気泡数２１個以上（気泡が目立ち荒れている）
・圧縮強度：各試験例のＡＥコンクリートから得た硬化体について、ＪＩＳ−Ａ１１０８に準拠し、材齢７日と材齢２８日で測定した。
-Bubble spacing coefficient: AE concrete of each example was stored for 4 weeks under the condition of 20 ° C x 60% RH, and the specimen was prepared by polishing the surface of the obtained hardened body. The foam structure was linear of ASTM-C457. Measured according to the traverse method.
-Freeze-thaw durability index: Using the values measured according to JIS-A1129 Annex 2 for the cured bodies obtained from AE concrete in each example, the numerical value calculated by the ASTM-C666-75 durability index Indicated. This numerical value indicates that the maximum value is 100, and the closer to 100, the better the resistance to freezing and thawing.
・ Smoothness of the skin surface: The AE concrete of each example is driven into a steel mold having a length × width × width of 1 m × 1 m × 0.1 m, and in the case of AE concrete with the mixing condition 1, a vibrator is used. In the case of AE concrete with blending condition 2, it was self-filled without using a vibrator. After 7 days, the mold is removed, and the number of bubbles with a diameter of 5 mm or more present on the entire surface of the hardened skin of the obtained cured body is counted, and converted into the number of air bubbles per 1 m 2 of the skin surface. The smoothness of the skin surface was evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: 0 to 4 bubbles of 5 mm or more (very beautiful)
○: 5 to 10 bubbles of 5 mm or more (beautiful)
Δ: Number of bubbles of 5 mm or more 11 to 20 (slight roughness is noticeable)
×: 21 or more bubbles of 5 mm or more (bubbles are conspicuously rough)
-Compressive strength: About the hardening body obtained from AE concrete of each test example, based on JIS-A1108, it measured by material age 7 days and material age 28 days.
表３において、
水：改質練り混ぜ水（但し、比較例５及び６では水道水）
セメント：普通ポルトランドセメント、密度＝３．１６ｇ／cm３、ブレーン値３３００
石炭灰：ＪＩＳフライアッシュII種、密度＝２．２０ｇ／cm３
炭酸カルシウム：微粉末３２５メッシュ、密度＝２．７０ｇ／cm３
＊１：大井川水系砂、密度＝２．５８ｇ／cm３
＊２：九頭竜産陸砂、密度＝２．５２ｇ／cm３
＊３：岡崎産砕石、密度＝２．６８ｇ／cm３
＊４：九頭竜産砕石、密度＝２．６１ｇ／cm３
In Table 3,
Water: Modified kneaded water (however, tap water in Comparative Examples 5 and 6)
Cement: Ordinary Portland cement, density = 3.16 g / cm 3 , brain value 3300
Coal ash: JIS fly ash type II, density = 2.20 g / cm 3
Calcium carbonate: fine powder 325 mesh, density = 2.70 g / cm 3
* 1: Oigawa water sand, density = 2.58g / cm 3
* 2: Kuzuryu land sand, density = 2.52 g / cm 3
* 3: Okazaki crushed stone, density = 2.68 g / cm 3
* 4: Kuzuryu crushed stone, density = 2.61 g / cm 3
表４において、
試験例１〜３、７、１０及び１１：スランプを測定
試験例４〜６、８、９及び１２：スランプフローを測定
＊１：フレッシュコンクリート１ｍ３当たりの改質液状泡沫体等又はＡＥ剤使用量（kg／ｍ３）
＊２：改質液状泡沫体等の代わりに用いたＡＥ剤（竹本油脂社製の商品名ＡＥ−２００）
In Table 4,
Test Example 1～3,7,10 and 11: Slump measurement Test Examples 4～6,8,9 and 12: slump flow measurement * 1: reforming liquid foam per fresh concrete 1 m 3 or the like, or AE agent used Amount (kg / m 3 )
* 2: AE agent used in place of the modified liquid foam (trade name AE-200 manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
表５において、
＊１：破壊した。
In Table 5,
* 1: Destroyed.
Claims (11)
改質液状泡沫体：次の第１工程、第２工程、第３工程及び第４工程を経て得られる改質液状泡沫体。
第１工程：練り混ぜ水を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と接触させて改質練り混ぜ水を調製する工程。
第２工程：第１工程で調製した改質練り混ぜ水を起泡剤及び泡沫膜安定剤と混合して混合溶液を調製する工程。
第３工程：第２工程で調製した混合溶液を抗火石の原石及び／又は抗火石の加工品と再接触させて改質混合溶液を調製する工程。
第４工程：第３工程で調製した改質混合溶液を気泡発生装置に供して圧縮空気と気液混合することにより改質液状泡沫体を調製する工程。
改質練り混ぜ水：前記の第１工程で得られる改質練り混ぜ水。 In the preparation method of AE concrete using cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement dispersant, liquid foam and mixed water, the following modified liquid foam is used as the liquid foam, and the following as the mixed water: A method for preparing AE concrete, characterized by using the modified kneaded water.
Modified liquid foam: A modified liquid foam obtained through the following first step, second step, third step and fourth step.
First step: A step of bringing modified kneaded water into contact with an anti-fluorite stone and / or a processed product of anti-fluorite to prepare modified kneaded water.
Second step: A step of preparing a mixed solution by mixing the modified kneaded water prepared in the first step with a foaming agent and a foam film stabilizer.
Third step: A step of preparing the modified mixed solution by re-contacting the mixed solution prepared in the second step with the anti-fluorite stone and / or the processed product of the anti-fluorite.
Fourth step: A step of preparing a modified liquid foam by subjecting the modified mixed solution prepared in the third step to a bubble generator and gas-liquid mixing with compressed air.
Modified mixed water: Modified mixed water obtained in the first step.
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| JPH03257083A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-11-15 | Kao Corp | Cement mortar composition for extrusion molding |
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| JPH03257083A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-11-15 | Kao Corp | Cement mortar composition for extrusion molding |
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