JP4664199B2 - Capacity measuring device and capacity measuring method - Google Patents

Capacity measuring device and capacity measuring method Download PDF

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JP4664199B2
JP4664199B2 JP2005361135A JP2005361135A JP4664199B2 JP 4664199 B2 JP4664199 B2 JP 4664199B2 JP 2005361135 A JP2005361135 A JP 2005361135A JP 2005361135 A JP2005361135 A JP 2005361135A JP 4664199 B2 JP4664199 B2 JP 4664199B2
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和浩 伴
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Hioki EE Corp
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Description

本発明は、電流が供給されている状態におけるコンデンサの端子間電圧と電流の電流値とに基づいてコンデンサの容量を測定する容量測定装置および容量測定方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a capacitance measuring device and a capacitance measuring method for measuring a capacitance of a capacitor based on a voltage between terminals of the capacitor and a current value of the current when a current is supplied.

コンデンサに直流の定電流を供給させてコンデンサの両端子間の電圧を測定し、その電圧の変化率やその電圧が所定の値となるまでに要する時間等に基づいてコンデンサの容量等を測定する装置が従来から知られている。この種の装置として、特開平７−２７８０１号公報には、コンデンサ容量診断装置が開示されている。このコンデンサ容量診断装置では、バッテリからの電力（電流）の供給によってコンデンサの両端子間に生じる電圧をＡ／Ｄ変換器がデジタル値（コンデンサ電圧）に変換し、計算手段がそのコンデンサ電圧を第１の閾値および第２の閾値と比較することによってコンデンサの容量が適正であるか否（コンデンサの良否）を診断している。
特開平７−２７８０１号公報（第３頁、第１−２図） Measure the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor by supplying a constant DC current to the capacitor, and measure the capacitance of the capacitor based on the rate of change of the voltage and the time required for the voltage to reach a predetermined value. Devices are conventionally known. As this type of device, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-27801 discloses a capacitor capacity diagnostic device. In this capacitor capacity diagnostic device, the voltage generated between the two terminals of the capacitor by supplying power (current) from the battery is converted into a digital value (capacitor voltage) by the A / D converter, and the calculation means converts the capacitor voltage to the first value. By comparing with the threshold value of 1 and the second threshold value, it is diagnosed whether or not the capacitance of the capacitor is appropriate (capacity of the capacitor).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-27801 (page 3, FIG. 1-2)

ところが、上記のコンデンサ容量診断装置を含む従来の装置には、以下の問題点がある。すなわち、この種の装置では、コンデンサの両端子間の電圧等に基づき、コンデンサの容量の測定やコンデンサの良否の診断を行っている。この場合、この種の装置において電圧の検出に用いられている例えばＡ／Ｄ変換回路等の電圧検出器は、その特性上、一般的に、検出対象の電圧が所定の範囲内にあるときには電圧を正確に検出できるものの、電圧がその所定の範囲から外れているときには、検出結果（検出値）がやや不正確となったり測定自体が困難となることがある。このため、コンデンサの容量を確実かつ正確に測定するためには、電圧をその所定の範囲内で測定するのが好ましい。   However, the conventional apparatus including the capacitor capacity diagnosis apparatus has the following problems. That is, in this type of device, the capacitance of the capacitor is measured and the quality of the capacitor is diagnosed based on the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor. In this case, a voltage detector such as an A / D conversion circuit used for voltage detection in this type of device generally has a voltage when the voltage to be detected is within a predetermined range because of its characteristics. However, if the voltage is out of the predetermined range, the detection result (detection value) may be slightly inaccurate or the measurement itself may be difficult. For this reason, in order to reliably and accurately measure the capacitance of the capacitor, it is preferable to measure the voltage within the predetermined range.

一方、コンデンサは、検査の開始前、つまりコンデンサに対する電流供給開始前において必ずしも完全に放電されているとは限らず、この時点で既にある程度充電されていることがある。この場合、従来の装置を用いて、例えば、コンデンサに直流定電流を供給させて所定時間が経過した時点における電圧の増加量（または低下量）に基づいてコンデンサの容量を測定する際に、電流供給開始前に既にある程度充電されているコンデンサに対して電流供給を開始したときには、その所定時間が経過する以前にコンデンサの両端子間の電圧が上記の所定の範囲から外れて測定結果が不正確となるおそれがある。このため、従来の装置を用いてコンデンサの容量を測定する際には、電流供給開始前に測定対象のコンデンサを十分に放電させる必要がある。したがって、従来の装置には、コンデンサを放電させる工程が必要な分、測定効率が低いという問題点が存在する。   On the other hand, the capacitor is not necessarily completely discharged before the start of inspection, that is, before the supply of current to the capacitor is started, and at this point, the capacitor may be already charged to some extent. In this case, when measuring the capacitance of the capacitor based on the amount of increase (or decrease) in voltage at the time when a predetermined time has elapsed after supplying a constant DC current to the capacitor, for example, current is used. When current supply is started to a capacitor that has already been charged to some extent before the supply starts, the voltage between both terminals of the capacitor falls outside the specified range before the specified time elapses, and the measurement result is inaccurate. There is a risk of becoming. For this reason, when measuring the capacity of a capacitor using a conventional apparatus, it is necessary to sufficiently discharge the capacitor to be measured before starting the current supply. Therefore, the conventional apparatus has a problem that the measurement efficiency is low because the process of discharging the capacitor is necessary.

本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、測定効率を向上し得る容量測定装置および容量測定方法を提供することを主目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a capacity measuring device and a capacity measuring method capable of improving measurement efficiency.

上記目的を達成すべく請求項１記載の容量測定装置は、電流が供給されている状態におけるコンデンサの端子間電圧を検出する電圧検出部と、前記端子間電圧および前記電流の電流値に基づいて前記コンデンサの容量を測定する測定部とを備えた容量測定装置であって、前記コンデンサに対する前記電流の供給を制御する制御部を備え、前記制御部は、前記電圧検出部によって検出された電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧が所定電圧以下のときには当該端子間電圧が増加する向きに前記電流を供給させると共に、前記電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧が前記所定電圧を超えているときには当該端子間電圧が低下する向きに前記電流を供給させる。   In order to achieve the above object, the capacitance measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is based on a voltage detection unit that detects a voltage between terminals of a capacitor in a state where a current is supplied, and a voltage between the terminal and the current value of the current. A capacitance measuring device including a measuring unit that measures the capacitance of the capacitor, the controller including a control unit that controls supply of the current to the capacitor, wherein the control unit supplies the current detected by the voltage detection unit. When the inter-terminal voltage before the start is less than or equal to a predetermined voltage, the current is supplied in the direction in which the inter-terminal voltage increases, and when the inter-terminal voltage before the current supply exceeds the predetermined voltage, the terminal The current is supplied in the direction in which the inter-voltage decreases.

また、請求項２記載の容量測定方法は、コンデンサに電流を供給させて当該コンデンサの端子間電圧を検出し、前記端子間電圧および前記電流の電流値に基づいて前記コンデンサの容量を測定する容量測定方法であって、電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧を検出し、前記電流供給開始前の端子間電圧が所定電圧以下のときには当該端子間電圧が増加する向きに前記電流を供給させると共に、前記電流供給開始前の端子間電圧が前記所定電圧を超えているときには当該端子間電圧が低下する向きに前記電流を供給させる。   The capacity measuring method according to claim 2 is a capacity for detecting a voltage between terminals of the capacitor by supplying a current to the capacitor and measuring the capacity of the capacitor based on the voltage between the terminals and the current value of the current. In the measurement method, the voltage between the terminals before the start of current supply is detected, and when the voltage between the terminals before the start of current supply is equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage, the current is supplied in the direction in which the voltage between the terminals increases. When the inter-terminal voltage before starting the current supply exceeds the predetermined voltage, the current is supplied in such a direction that the inter-terminal voltage decreases.

請求項１記載の容量測定装置および請求項２記載の容量測定方法によれば、電流供給開始前におけるコンデンサの端子間電圧が所定電圧以下のときには端子間電圧が増加する向きに電流を供給させると共に、電流供給開始前における端子間電圧が所定電圧を超えているときには端子間電圧が低下する向きに電流を供給させることにより、例えば、電流供給開始時点から第１の時間および第２の時間が経過した時点における各端子間電圧、並びに電流値に基づいてコンデンサの容量を測定する際に、電流供給開始前における端子間電圧の大きさに拘わらず、つまり電流供給開始前においてコンデンサが放電されているかまたは充電されているか否かに拘わらず、第１の時間および第２の時間が経過した時点における各端子間電圧を電圧検出部による正確なサンプリングが可能な範囲に維持することができる。したがって、測定前に測定対象のコンデンサを放電させる工程が必要な従来の装置と比較して、放電させる工程を不要にできる分だけ容量の測定効率を十分に向上することができる。   According to the capacitance measuring device according to claim 1 and the capacitance measuring method according to claim 2, when the voltage between the terminals of the capacitor before starting the current supply is equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage, the current is supplied in the direction in which the voltage between the terminals increases. When the inter-terminal voltage before the start of current supply exceeds a predetermined voltage, for example, the first time and the second time have elapsed from the start of current supply by supplying the current in such a direction that the inter-terminal voltage decreases. When measuring the capacitance of the capacitor based on the voltage between each terminal and the current value at the time when the capacitor is connected, is the capacitor discharged before the current supply starts regardless of the magnitude of the voltage between the terminals before the current supply starts? Alternatively, regardless of whether or not the battery is charged, the voltage between the terminals at the time when the first time and the second time have elapsed is supplied to the voltage detection unit. The exact sampling can be maintained in a range possible that. Therefore, compared with a conventional apparatus that requires a step of discharging the capacitor to be measured before measurement, the capacity measurement efficiency can be sufficiently improved to the extent that the step of discharging is unnecessary.

以下、本発明に係る容量測定装置および容量測定方法の最良の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。   The best mode of a capacity measuring apparatus and a capacity measuring method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

最初に、容量測定装置１の構成について、図面を参照して説明する。   First, the configuration of the capacity measuring device 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１に示す容量測定装置（以下、単に「測定装置」ともいう）１は、本発明に係る容量測定装置の一例であって、電源部２、電圧検出部３、操作部４、表示部５、制御部６、ＲＡＭ７およびＲＯＭ８を備えて、測定対象のコンデンサ１００の容量Ｃを測定可能に構成されている。   A capacity measuring device (hereinafter also simply referred to as “measuring device”) 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a capacity measuring device according to the present invention, and includes a power supply unit 2, a voltage detection unit 3, an operation unit 4, and a display unit 5. The control unit 6, the RAM 7, and the ROM 8 are provided so that the capacitance C of the capacitor 100 to be measured can be measured.

電源部２は、制御部６の制御に従って例えば直流定電流（以下、単に「電流」ともいう）を出力して測定対象のコンデンサ１００に供給する。この場合、電源部２は、制御部６の制御に従って電流の供給される向き（電流の流れる向き）を切り替え可能に構成されている。電圧検出部３は、例えば、電圧をサンプリング（アナログ−デジタル変換）可能なＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１を備えて構成され、制御部６の制御に従い、コンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａについての電圧データＤｖを制御部６に出力する。この場合、Ａ／Ｄ変換回路３１は、サンプリング対象の端子間電圧Ｖａが図３に示す下限値Ｖｒ１から上限値Ｖｒ２までの範囲Ｒ内のときには端子間電圧Ｖａを正確にサンプリングし、サンプリング対象の端子間電圧Ｖａがこの範囲Ｒから外れているときには端子間電圧Ｖａの正確なサンプリングがやや困難となるという特性を有している。   The power supply unit 2 outputs, for example, a DC constant current (hereinafter also simply referred to as “current”) according to the control of the control unit 6 and supplies it to the capacitor 100 to be measured. In this case, the power supply unit 2 is configured to be able to switch the direction in which the current is supplied (the direction in which the current flows) according to the control of the control unit 6. The voltage detection unit 3 includes, for example, an A / D conversion circuit 31 that can sample a voltage (analog-digital conversion), and the inter-terminal voltage Va between both terminals of the capacitor 100 according to the control of the control unit 6. Is output to the control unit 6. In this case, the A / D conversion circuit 31 accurately samples the inter-terminal voltage Va when the inter-terminal voltage Va to be sampled is within the range R from the lower limit value Vr1 to the upper limit value Vr2 shown in FIG. When the inter-terminal voltage Va is out of this range R, there is a characteristic that accurate sampling of the inter-terminal voltage Va is somewhat difficult.

操作部４は、電源スイッチや測定開始スイッチ等の各種のスイッチを備えて構成され、各スイッチが操作されたときに、そのスイッチに対応する操作信号Ｓｏを制御部６に出力する。表示部５は、制御部６の制御に従い、コンデンサ１００の容量Ｃについての測定結果を表示する。制御部６は、本発明における測定部および制御部に相当し、操作部４から出力される操作信号Ｓｏに従い、電源部２、電圧検出部３、表示部５およびＲＡＭ７を制御する。また、制御部６は、後述する容量測定処理５０を実行することにより、電圧検出部３から出力される電圧データＤｖ、および電源部２から供給される（コンデンサ１００に供給される）電流の電流値Ｉに基づいてコンデンサ１００の容量Ｃを測定する。また、制御部６は、容量測定処理５０を実行する際に、図１に示す矢印Ａおよび矢印Ｂのいずれかの向きで電流が供給されるように電源部２を制御する。   The operation unit 4 includes various switches such as a power switch and a measurement start switch, and outputs an operation signal So corresponding to the switch to the control unit 6 when each switch is operated. The display unit 5 displays the measurement result for the capacitance C of the capacitor 100 under the control of the control unit 6. The control unit 6 corresponds to the measurement unit and the control unit in the present invention, and controls the power supply unit 2, the voltage detection unit 3, the display unit 5, and the RAM 7 in accordance with the operation signal So output from the operation unit 4. In addition, the control unit 6 executes a capacity measurement process 50 described later, and thereby the voltage data Dv output from the voltage detection unit 3 and the current supplied from the power supply unit 2 (supplied to the capacitor 100). Based on the value I, the capacitance C of the capacitor 100 is measured. In addition, when the capacity measurement process 50 is executed, the control unit 6 controls the power supply unit 2 so that a current is supplied in one of the directions indicated by arrows A and B shown in FIG.

ＲＡＭ７は、制御部６の制御に従い、制御部６から出力される各種の測定値やデータを一時的に記憶する。ＲＯＭ８は、制御部６によって行われる容量Ｃの算出に必要な計算式を記憶する。また、ＲＯＭ８は、閾値Ｖｅを記憶する。この場合、閾値Ｖｅは、本発明における所定電圧に相当し、制御部６によって実行される容量測定処理５０において電流の供給される向きを決定する際に用いられる値であって、上記したＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１の特性に応じて予め規定されている。具体的には、閾値Ｖｅは、例えば、次に示す計算式で算出される値、つまり、Ａ／Ｄ変換回路３１における下限値Ｖｒ１と上限値Ｖｒ２との中心値に規定されている。
Ｖｅ＝（Ｖｒ１＋Ｖｒ２）／２ The RAM 7 temporarily stores various measurement values and data output from the control unit 6 under the control of the control unit 6. The ROM 8 stores a calculation formula necessary for calculating the capacity C performed by the control unit 6. The ROM 8 stores a threshold value Ve. In this case, the threshold value Ve corresponds to the predetermined voltage in the present invention, and is a value used when determining the direction in which the current is supplied in the capacity measurement process 50 executed by the control unit 6. It is defined in advance according to the characteristics of the D conversion circuit 31. Specifically, the threshold value Ve is defined, for example, as a value calculated by the following calculation formula, that is, a center value between the lower limit value Vr1 and the upper limit value Vr2 in the A / D conversion circuit 31.
Ve = (Vr1 + Vr2) / 2

次に、測定装置１を用いて本発明に係る容量測定方法に従ってコンデンサ１００の容量を測定する方法について、図面を参照して説明する。   Next, a method for measuring the capacitance of the capacitor 100 using the measuring apparatus 1 according to the capacitance measuring method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

まず、図１に示すように、検査対象のコンデンサ１００の両端子に電源部２の一対の出力端子に接続されている電源ケーブル２ａ，２ａを接続すると共に、コンデンサ１００の両端子に電圧検出部３の一対の入力端子に接続されている接続ケーブル３ａ，３ａを接続する。この場合、初期状態では、制御部６が電源部２を制御することによって電源部２からの電流供給が停止されているものとする。次いで、操作部４の測定開始スイッチを操作する。この際に、操作部４が測定開始スイッチに対応する操作信号Ｓｏを制御部６に出力し、制御部６が操作信号Ｓｏに従って図２に示す容量測定処理５０を実行する。   First, as shown in FIG. 1, power supply cables 2 a and 2 a connected to a pair of output terminals of the power supply unit 2 are connected to both terminals of the capacitor 100 to be inspected, and a voltage detection unit is connected to both terminals of the capacitor 100. The connection cables 3a and 3a connected to the pair of input terminals 3 are connected. In this case, in the initial state, it is assumed that the current supply from the power supply unit 2 is stopped by the control unit 6 controlling the power supply unit 2. Next, the measurement start switch of the operation unit 4 is operated. At this time, the operation unit 4 outputs an operation signal So corresponding to the measurement start switch to the control unit 6, and the control unit 6 executes the capacity measurement process 50 shown in FIG. 2 according to the operation signal So.

この容量測定処理５０では、制御部６は、電源部２からの電流供給を停止させている状態において、コンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａの測定を指示する制御信号Ｓｃを電圧検出部３に出力する。これに応じて、電圧検出部３のＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１が端子間電圧Ｖａをサンプリング（アナログ−デジタル変換）することによって、コンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａについての電圧データＤｖを制御部６に出力する。次いで、制御部６は、電圧検出部３から出力された電圧データＤｖに基づき、電流供給を停止させている状態、つまり電流供給開始前におけるコンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａ（以下、この端子間電圧Ｖａを「初期電圧Ｖ０」ともいう）を特定する（ステップ５１）。   In the capacitance measurement process 50, the control unit 6 outputs a control signal Sc instructing measurement of the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 in a state where the current supply from the power supply unit 2 is stopped. 3 is output. In response to this, the A / D conversion circuit 31 of the voltage detector 3 samples the voltage Va between the terminals (analog-digital conversion), so that the voltage data Dv about the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 is obtained. Output to the control unit 6. Next, based on the voltage data Dv output from the voltage detection unit 3, the control unit 6 stops the current supply, that is, the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 before starting the current supply (hereinafter, referred to as the voltage supply Dv). This inter-terminal voltage Va is also referred to as “initial voltage V0” (step 51).

続いて、制御部６は、ＲＯＭ８から閾値Ｖｅを読み出すと共に、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下であるか否かを判別する（ステップ５２）。この場合、制御部６は、図３に示すように、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下のときには、制御信号Ｓｃを出力することにより、電流供給によってコンデンサ１００の両端子間に生じる端子間電圧Ｖａが増加する向き（例えば図１に示す矢印Ａの向き）に電流が流れるように電流供給を電源部２に開始させる（ステップ５３）。この際に、電流が矢印Ａの向きに供給されることにより、図３に示すように、コンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａが徐々に増加する。次いで、制御部６は、図外のタイマによるタイムカウントを参照することにより、電流供給開始時点から所定の時間ｔ１が経過したか否かを判別する（ステップ５４）。   Subsequently, the control unit 6 reads the threshold value Ve from the ROM 8 and determines whether or not the initial voltage V0 is equal to or lower than the threshold value Ve (step 52). In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, when the initial voltage V0 is equal to or lower than the threshold value Ve, the control unit 6 outputs the control signal Sc so that the terminal voltage Va generated between the two terminals of the capacitor 100 due to current supply is Current supply is started by the power supply unit 2 so that current flows in an increasing direction (for example, the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 1) (step 53). At this time, the current is supplied in the direction of the arrow A, whereby the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 gradually increases as shown in FIG. Next, the control unit 6 determines whether or not a predetermined time t1 has elapsed from the current supply start time by referring to a time count by a timer (not shown) (step 54).

続いて、制御部６は、時間ｔ１が経過した時点で制御信号Ｓｃを電圧検出部３に出力することにより、その時点におけるコンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａについての電圧データＤｖを出力させると共に、電圧データＤｖに基づいてコンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａ（以下、その時点における端子間電圧Ｖａを「端子間電圧Ｖａ１」ともいう）を特定して（ステップ５５）、端子間電圧Ｖａ１をＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。次いで、制御部６は、電流供給開始時点から所定の時間ｔ２が経過したか否かを判別する（ステップ５６）。続いて、制御部６は、時間ｔ２が経過した時点で制御信号Ｓｃを電圧検出部３に出力することにより、その時点におけるコンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａについての電圧データＤｖを出力させると共に、電圧データＤｖに基づいてコンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａ（以下、その時点における端子間電圧Ｖａを「端子間電圧Ｖａ２」ともいう）を特定して（ステップ５７）、端子間電圧Ｖａ２をＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。次いで、制御部６は、電源部２から供給されている電流の電流値Ｉ、およびＲＡＭ７に記憶されている端子間電圧Ｖａ１，Ｖａ２に基づいて容量Ｃを算出する（ステップ５８）。具体的には、制御部２２は、例えば次に示す計算式にこれらの各パラメータを代入して容量Ｃを算出する。
Ｃ＝Ｉ×（ｔ２−ｔ１）／（Ｖａ２−Ｖａ１） Subsequently, the control unit 6 outputs the control signal Sc to the voltage detection unit 3 when the time t1 has elapsed, thereby causing the voltage data Dv for the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 at that time to be output, and the voltage Based on the data Dv, the inter-terminal voltage Va of the capacitor 100 (hereinafter, the inter-terminal voltage Va is also referred to as “inter-terminal voltage Va1”) is specified (step 55), and the inter-terminal voltage Va1 is stored in the RAM 7. . Next, the controller 6 determines whether or not a predetermined time t2 has elapsed from the current supply start time (step 56). Subsequently, the control unit 6 outputs the control signal Sc to the voltage detection unit 3 at the time when the time t2 has elapsed, thereby outputting the voltage data Dv regarding the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 at that time. In addition, the inter-terminal voltage Va of the capacitor 100 (hereinafter, the inter-terminal voltage Va is also referred to as “inter-terminal voltage Va2”) is specified based on the voltage data Dv (step 57), and the inter-terminal voltage Va2 is determined. It is stored in the RAM 7. Next, the control unit 6 calculates the capacitance C based on the current value I of the current supplied from the power supply unit 2 and the terminal voltages Va1 and Va2 stored in the RAM 7 (step 58). Specifically, the control unit 22 calculates the capacity C by substituting these parameters into, for example, the following calculation formula.
C = I * (t2-t1) / (Va2-Va1)

次いで、制御部６は、算出した容量ＣをＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。この場合、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下であったため、電流供給開始時点から時間ｔ１が経過した時点、および時間ｔ２が経過した時点のいずれの時点においても、端子間電圧Ｖａが範囲Ｒ内に収まる結果、この両時点ｔ１，ｔ２においてＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１が端子間電圧Ｖａを正確にサンプリングする。したがって、容量Ｃが正確に測定（算出）される。続いて、制御部６は、表示部５を制御することにより、ＲＡＭ７に記憶させた容量Ｃ（測定結果）を表示させて容量測定処理５０を終了する。   Next, the control unit 6 stores the calculated capacity C in the RAM 7. In this case, since the initial voltage V0 is equal to or less than the threshold value Ve, the inter-terminal voltage Va falls within the range R at any time point when the time t1 has elapsed from the current supply start point and when the time t2 has elapsed. As a result, at both times t1 and t2, the A / D conversion circuit 31 accurately samples the inter-terminal voltage Va. Therefore, the capacity C is accurately measured (calculated). Subsequently, the control unit 6 controls the display unit 5 to display the capacity C (measurement result) stored in the RAM 7 and ends the capacity measurement process 50.

次に、他のコンデンサ１００の容量Ｃを測定する際には、上記した手順と同様にして、コンデンサ１００の両端子に電源ケーブル２ａおよび接続ケーブル３ａを接続した後に、操作部４の測定開始スイッチを操作する。この際に、制御部６は、操作部４からの操作信号Ｓｏに従って容量測定処理５０を実行する。この場合、制御部６は、上記と同様にして、電流供給を停止させている状態における初期電圧Ｖ０を特定し（ステップ５１）、次いで、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下であるか否かを判別する（ステップ５２）。この場合、制御部６は、図４に示すように、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅを超えているときには、制御信号Ｓｃを出力することにより、電流供給によってコンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａが低下する向き（例えば図１に示す矢印Ｂの向き）に電流が供給されるように電流供給を電源部２に開始させる（ステップ５９）。この際に、電流が矢印Ｂの向きに供給されることにより、図４に示すように、コンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａが徐々に低下する。次いで、制御部６は、タイマによるタイムカウントを参照することにより、電流供給開始時点から所定の時間ｔ１が経過したか否かを判別する（ステップ５４）。   Next, when measuring the capacitance C of another capacitor 100, the measurement start switch of the operation unit 4 is connected after the power cable 2 a and the connection cable 3 a are connected to both terminals of the capacitor 100 in the same manner as described above. To operate. At this time, the control unit 6 executes the capacity measurement process 50 according to the operation signal So from the operation unit 4. In this case, similarly to the above, the control unit 6 specifies the initial voltage V0 in the state where the current supply is stopped (step 51), and then determines whether or not the initial voltage V0 is equal to or less than the threshold value Ve. (Step 52). In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, when the initial voltage V0 exceeds the threshold value Ve, the control unit 6 outputs the control signal Sc, whereby the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 decreases due to current supply. Current supply is started by the power supply unit 2 so that the current is supplied (for example, in the direction of arrow B shown in FIG. 1) (step 59). At this time, the current is supplied in the direction of the arrow B, so that the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 gradually decreases as shown in FIG. Next, the control unit 6 determines whether or not a predetermined time t1 has elapsed from the current supply start time by referring to the time count by the timer (step 54).

続いて、制御部６は、時間ｔ１が経過した時点で電圧検出部３から出力された電圧データＤｖに基づき、コンデンサ１００における両端子間の端子間電圧Ｖａ（以下、その時点における端子間電圧Ｖａを「端子間電圧Ｖａ３」ともいう）を特定して（ステップ５５）、端子間電圧Ｖａ３をＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。次いで、制御部６は、電流供給開始時点から所定の時間ｔ２が経過したか否かを判別する（ステップ５６）。続いて、制御部６は、時間ｔ２が経過した時点で電圧検出部３から出力された電圧データＤｖに基づき、コンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａ（以下、その時点における端子間電圧Ｖａを「端子間電圧Ｖａ４」ともいう）を特定して（ステップ５７）、端子間電圧Ｖａ４をＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。次いで、制御部６は、電源部２から供給されている電流の電流値Ｉ、およびＲＡＭ７に記憶されている端子間電圧Ｖａ３，Ｖａ４に基づいて（各パラメータを上記の計算式に代入して）容量Ｃを算出して（ステップ５８）ＲＡＭ７に記憶させる。ここで、仮に、端子間電圧Ｖａが増加する向き（上記した矢印Ａの向き）に電流を供給したときには、図４に破線で示すように、電流供給開始時点から時間ｔ２が経過する以前に端子間電圧Ｖａが範囲Ｒを外れるため、Ａ／Ｄ変換回路３１による端子間電圧Ｖａの正確なサンプリングが困難となる。これに対して、電流が矢印Ｂの向きに供給されることで、コンデンサ１００の端子間電圧Ｖａが徐々に低下するため、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅよりも大きいときであっても、電流供給開始時点から時間ｔ１が経過した時点、および時間ｔ２が経過した時点のいずれの時点においても、端子間電圧Ｖａが範囲Ｒ内に収まる結果、この両時点ｔ１，ｔ２においてＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１が端子間電圧Ｖａを正確にサンプリングする。したがって、容量Ｃが正確に測定される。続いて、制御部６は、表示部５を制御することにより、ＲＡＭ７に記憶させた容量Ｃを表示させて容量測定処理５０を終了する。   Subsequently, based on the voltage data Dv output from the voltage detection unit 3 when the time t1 has elapsed, the control unit 6 determines the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 (hereinafter, the terminal voltage Va at that time). Is also referred to as “inter-terminal voltage Va3”) (step 55), and the inter-terminal voltage Va3 is stored in the RAM 7. Next, the controller 6 determines whether or not a predetermined time t2 has elapsed from the current supply start time (step 56). Subsequently, based on the voltage data Dv output from the voltage detection unit 3 when the time t2 has elapsed, the control unit 6 determines the inter-terminal voltage Va of the capacitor 100 (hereinafter referred to as “inter-terminal voltage Va”). (Also referred to as “voltage Va4”) (step 57), and the inter-terminal voltage Va4 is stored in the RAM 7. Next, the control unit 6 is based on the current value I of the current supplied from the power supply unit 2 and the inter-terminal voltages Va3 and Va4 stored in the RAM 7 (substituting each parameter into the above formula). The capacity C is calculated (step 58) and stored in the RAM 7. Here, if the current is supplied in the direction in which the voltage Va between the terminals increases (the direction of the arrow A described above), as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4, the terminal before the time t <b> 2 elapses from the current supply start time. Since the inter-voltage Va is out of the range R, it is difficult to accurately sample the inter-terminal voltage Va by the A / D conversion circuit 31. On the other hand, since the current Va is supplied in the direction of the arrow B, the voltage Va between the terminals of the capacitor 100 gradually decreases. Therefore, even when the initial voltage V0 is larger than the threshold value Ve, the current supply starts. As a result of the inter-terminal voltage Va being within the range R at the time point when the time t1 has elapsed from the time point and the time point when the time t2 has elapsed, the A / D conversion circuit 31 is connected to the terminal at both time points t1 and t2. The voltage Va is accurately sampled. Therefore, the capacity C is accurately measured. Subsequently, the control unit 6 controls the display unit 5 to display the capacity C stored in the RAM 7 and ends the capacity measurement process 50.

このように、この容量測定装置１および容量測定方法によれば、電流供給開始前におけるコンデンサ１００の初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下のときには端子間電圧Ｖａが増加する向きに電流を供給させると共に、初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅを超えているときには端子間電圧Ｖａが低下する向きに電流を供給させることにより、例えば、電流供給開始時点から時間ｔ１，ｔ２経過後の端子間電圧Ｖａ、および電流に基づいて容量Ｃを測定する際に、初期電圧Ｖ０の大きさに拘わらず、つまり電流供給開始前においてコンデンサ１００が放電されているかまたは充電されているか否かに拘わらず、時間ｔ１，ｔ２経過後の端子間電圧ＶａをＡ／Ｄ変換回路３１による正確なサンプリングが可能な範囲Ｒに維持することができる。したがって、測定前に測定対象のコンデンサ１００を放電させる工程が必要な従来の装置と比較して、放電させる工程を不要にできる分だけ容量Ｃの測定効率を十分に向上することができる。   As described above, according to the capacitance measuring device 1 and the capacitance measuring method, when the initial voltage V0 of the capacitor 100 before the start of current supply is equal to or lower than the threshold Ve, the current is supplied in the direction in which the terminal voltage Va increases, When the voltage V0 exceeds the threshold value Ve, the current is supplied in such a direction that the inter-terminal voltage Va decreases, for example, based on the inter-terminal voltage Va after the elapse of time t1 and t2 from the current supply start time and the current. When measuring the capacitance C, the terminal after the elapse of time t1, t2 regardless of the magnitude of the initial voltage V0, that is, whether the capacitor 100 is discharged or charged before the current supply is started. The inter-voltage Va can be maintained in a range R in which accurate sampling by the A / D conversion circuit 31 is possible. Therefore, the measurement efficiency of the capacitance C can be sufficiently improved as much as the step of discharging can be made unnecessary as compared with the conventional apparatus that requires the step of discharging the capacitor 100 to be measured before the measurement.

なお、本発明は、上記の構成に限定されない。例えば、電源部２を制御することによってコンデンサ１００に供給する電流の向きを切り替える例について上記したが、制御部６の制御に従って電流の供給する向きを切り替える切替器を備えた構成を採用することもできる。この構成によれば、電源部２に代えて外部電源を用いることができる。また、ＲＯＭ８に予め記憶されている閾値Ｖｅに基づいて電流の供給する向きを決定する例について上記したが、例えば、操作部４を操作することによって閾値Ｖｅを任意に指定する構成を採用することもできる。   In addition, this invention is not limited to said structure. For example, the example in which the direction of the current supplied to the capacitor 100 is switched by controlling the power supply unit 2 has been described above. However, a configuration including a switch that switches the direction in which the current is supplied in accordance with the control of the control unit 6 may be adopted. it can. According to this configuration, an external power supply can be used in place of the power supply unit 2. Further, the example in which the current supply direction is determined based on the threshold value Ve stored in advance in the ROM 8 has been described above. For example, a configuration in which the threshold value Ve is arbitrarily designated by operating the operation unit 4 is adopted. You can also.

容量測定装置１の構成を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a capacity measuring device 1. FIG. 容量測定処理５０のフローチャートである。5 is a flowchart of a capacity measurement process 50. 初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅ以下の電流供給コンデンサ１００の両端子間における端子間電圧Ｖａの変化を示す特性図である。FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in inter-terminal voltage Va between both terminals of a current supply capacitor 100 whose initial voltage V0 is equal to or less than a threshold Ve. 初期電圧Ｖ０が閾値Ｖｅを超えている電流供給コンデンサ１００の両端子間における端子間電圧Ｖａの変化を示す特性図である。FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in inter-terminal voltage Va between both terminals of a current supply capacitor 100 in which an initial voltage V0 exceeds a threshold Ve.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 容量測定装置
３ 電圧検出部
６ 制御部
１００ コンデンサ
Ａ 矢印
Ｂ 矢印
Ｃ 容量
Ｉ 電流
Ｖ０ 初期電圧
Ｖａ 端子間電圧
Ｖｅ 閾値 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Capacitance measuring device 3 Voltage detection part 6 Control part 100 Capacitor A arrow B arrow C Capacity I Current V0 Initial voltage Va Terminal voltage Ve Threshold

Claims (2)

電流が供給されている状態におけるコンデンサの端子間電圧を検出する電圧検出部と、前記端子間電圧および前記電流の電流値に基づいて前記コンデンサの容量を測定する測定部とを備えた容量測定装置であって、
前記コンデンサに対する前記電流の供給を制御する制御部を備え、
前記制御部は、前記電圧検出部によって検出された電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧が所定電圧以下のときには当該端子間電圧が増加する向きに前記電流を供給させると共に、前記電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧が前記所定電圧を超えているときには当該端子間電圧が低下する向きに前記電流を供給させる容量測定装置。 A capacitance measuring device comprising: a voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage between terminals of a capacitor in a state in which a current is supplied; and a measuring unit that measures the capacitance of the capacitor based on the voltage between the terminals and the current value of the current. Because
A control unit for controlling the supply of the current to the capacitor;
The control unit supplies the current in a direction in which the voltage between the terminals increases when the voltage between the terminals detected by the voltage detection unit before the current supply starts is equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage, and before the current supply starts. A capacitance measuring device that supplies the current in a direction in which the inter-terminal voltage decreases when the inter-terminal voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage. コンデンサに電流を供給させて当該コンデンサの端子間電圧を検出し、前記端子間電圧および前記電流の電流値に基づいて前記コンデンサの容量を測定する容量測定方法であって、
電流供給開始前の前記端子間電圧を検出し、前記電流供給開始前の端子間電圧が所定電圧以下のときには当該端子間電圧が増加する向きに前記電流を供給させると共に、前記電流供給開始前の端子間電圧が前記所定電圧を超えているときには当該端子間電圧が低下する向きに前記電流を供給させる容量測定方法。 A capacitance measurement method for detecting a voltage between terminals of the capacitor by supplying a current to the capacitor, and measuring a capacitance of the capacitor based on the voltage between the terminals and the current value of the current,
The inter-terminal voltage before the start of current supply is detected, and when the inter-terminal voltage before the start of current supply is equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage, the current is supplied in the direction in which the inter-terminal voltage increases, and before the start of current supply A capacitance measuring method for supplying the current in a direction in which the voltage between the terminals decreases when the voltage between the terminals exceeds the predetermined voltage.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1013539A (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-01-16 Nec Corp Subscriber line impedance measurement system
JP2001255345A (en) * 2000-03-08 2001-09-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Method and device for measuring capacitance of capacitor and equivalent series resistance
JP2005300203A (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-27 Alps Electric Co Ltd Charge detection circuit and fingerprint sensor using it

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1013539A (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-01-16 Nec Corp Subscriber line impedance measurement system
JP2001255345A (en) * 2000-03-08 2001-09-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Method and device for measuring capacitance of capacitor and equivalent series resistance
JP2005300203A (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-27 Alps Electric Co Ltd Charge detection circuit and fingerprint sensor using it

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