JP4639464B2 - High-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent workability and method for producing the same - Google Patents

High-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent workability and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4639464B2
JP4639464B2 JP2000356929A JP2000356929A JP4639464B2 JP 4639464 B2 JP4639464 B2 JP 4639464B2 JP 2000356929 A JP2000356929 A JP 2000356929A JP 2000356929 A JP2000356929 A JP 2000356929A JP 4639464 B2 JP4639464 B2 JP 4639464B2
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steel sheet
rolled steel
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JP2002161339A (en
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教幸 片山
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プレス成形加工を施して用いられる熱延鋼板に関し、とくに自動車ボディーのメンバー、フレーム、サスペンションなど、自動車用の構造部材や足まわり部品などの使途に好適な高張力熱延鋼板およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車車体の軽量化を図るためには、高張力鋼板の適用が最も有効な方法の一つである。なかでも、ボディーの強度部材あるいはサスペンションなど、さほど優れた表面品質が要求されない部位には、冷延鋼板よりも安価な熱延鋼板が用いられるようになってきた。このような状況から、熱延高張力鋼板の使途もますます拡大されつつある。
従来から、引張強さが 490〜 780 MPa程度の高張力熱延鋼板の材質強化方法としては、1)マルテンサイト相、パーライト相あるいはベイナイト相などによる変態組織強化法と、2)Ti、Nb、Vなどの炭窒化物による析出強化法が利用されてきており、これらの強化方法は、鋼板の成形性あるいは部品として要求される特性に応じて選択されてきた。
例えば、安価な汎用の高張力熱延鋼板では析出強化されたフェライト相と、パーライト相あるいはベイナイト相組織の鋼板(HSLA:High Strength Low Alloy)が、また延性が要求される場合には、フェライト相とマルテンサイ相のDual Phase(DP)鋼が、また伸びフランジ成形性が要求される場合には、析出強化されたDual Phase鋼が選択されるといったものである。また、DP鋼と同様な特性を有しているものとして、TRIP鋼(transformation induced plasticity steel)も挙げられる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した従来の強化方法を適用した鋼板は、いずれも、延性または伸びフランジ成形性のいずれか一方の特性は良好であっても、他方の特性が劣っていた。しかも、従来良好であるとされてきた伸びフランジ成形性のレベルでは、今日の厳しい加工に十分に耐えられない場合がしばしば生じていた。
そこで、本発明の目的は、特に伸びフランジ成形性(穴拡がり性)が従来レベルよりはるかに優れ、しかも延性も良好な、成形加工性に優れる高張力熱延鋼板を提供することにある。なお、本発明鋼板が目標とする具体的材質特性は、引張強さ:540MPa以上、伸び:30%以上であって、穴拡がり率:140%以上である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者らは、Si、Mnを含有する低炭素鋼を基本として、成分組成、熱間圧延方法を適正化することにより、固溶強化をはかりながらアシキュラーフェライト単相の金属組織とし、かつ鋼中の硫化物を調整すれば、高穴拡がり率を具えた高張力熱延鋼板が得られることを知見し、本発明を完成するにいたった。
【0005】
こうして完成した本発明は、質量%で、C:0.06〜0.15%(ただし、0.04%以上0.07%未満は除く)、Si:0.50〜1.50%、Mn:1.0〜2.0%、S:0.002%未満を含み、かつTi、Nb、V、Zrから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計で0.005〜0.020%を含有して、さらにB、Caから選ばれる1種または2種を合計で0.0010〜0.0060%を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、アシキュラーフェライト単相の組織からなることを特徴とする加工性に優れる高張力熱延鋼板である。
また、上記高張力熱延鋼板は、質量%で、C:0.06〜0.15%(ただし、0.04%以上0.07%未満は除く)、Si:0.50〜1.50%、Mn:1.0〜2.0%、S:0.002%未満を含み、かつTi、Nb、V、Zrから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計で0.005〜0.020%を含有して、さらにB、Caから選ばれる1種または2種を合計で0.0010〜0.0060%を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼素材を、加熱後、仕上げ温度:Ar変態点以上として熱間圧延し、400〜600℃の温度範囲でコイルに巻き取ることにより有利に製造することができる。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、成分組成および製造条件の限定理由について説明する。なお、本発明に用いる%は、とくにことわらない限り、質量%を意味するものとする。
C:0.06〜0.15%
Cは、その含有量が0.06%未満では、アシキュラーフェライト組織が形成されなくなり、良好な伸びフランジ成形性が得られなくなる。また、C含有量が0.15%を超えると、溶接熱影響部の硬さ上昇のために疲労特性が劣化する。よって、C含有量は、0.06〜0.15%の範囲とする。
【0007】
Si:0.50〜1.50%
Siは、固溶強化による強度向上に有効な元素である。その含有量が0.50%未満ではその効果が十分にあらわれず、1.50%を超えると、溶接性の劣化、とくに溶接熱影響部の硬度上昇による疲労特性の低下を招くほか、鋼板表面にファイアライトを形成して脱スケール性を低下させて表面性状を悪化させる。このため、Si含有量は、0.50〜1.50%の範囲とする。
【0008】
Mn:1.0 〜2.0 %
Mnは、Siと同様に、固溶強化による強度向上に有効な元素である。その含有量が1.0 %未満ではその効果が十分にあらわれず、一方2.0 %を超えると、溶接性の劣化、とくに溶接熱影響部の硬度上昇による疲労特性の低下を招くので、1.0〜2.0 %の含有範囲とする。
【0009】
S:0.002 %未満
Sは、延伸性の硫化物を生成するために、伸びフランジ成形性に有害な元素である。S量が0.002 %以上になると、本発明で目標とする穴広がり率が達成できなくなる。このため、S量は0.002 %未満に制限する。
【0010】
Ti、Nb、V、Zr:合計で0.005 〜0.020 %
Ti、Nb、V、Zrは、いずれも炭窒化物を形成して、スラブ加熱時のオーステナイト粒の粗大化を抑制し、微細なアシキュラーフェライトを形成するのに有用な元素である。これら元素の合計量が0.005 %に満たないと前記の効果が十分には現れず、一方0.020 %を超えて含有すると、炭窒化物の析出量が過多となり、かえって伸びフランジ成形性が低下する。このため、Ti、Nb、V、Zrの含有量は、合計で0.005 〜0.020 %の範囲とする。
【0011】
B、Ca:合計で0.0010〜0.0060%
B、Caは、硫化物を難延伸性のものに変化させ、伸びフランジ成形性を向上させる元素である。伸びフランジ成形性を大幅に向上させるためには、S量の制限とともに、これらの元素を所定の範囲で含有させることが必要である。B、Caの含有量が合計で0.0010%に満たないと前記効果に乏しく、一方0.0060%を超えて含有すると熱延鋼板の耐食性が低下する。よって、B、Caの含有量は合計で0.0010〜0.0060%の範囲とする。
【0012】
金属組織
本発明の目指す特性を達成するには、硫化物の調整とともに、熱間圧延後の金属組織をアシキュラーフェライト単相の組織とすることが必要である。とくに、軟質なフェライトと硬質な第2相からなる、硬度差の大きい組織では、伸びフランジ成形性の低下が避けられなくなる。そこで、本発明においては、熱延鋼板の金属組織をアシキュラーフェライト単相にすることによって、極めて良好な伸びフランジ成形性が得られるようにする。
【0013】
製造方法
上述した熱延鋼板の製造方法について説明する。鋼素材の加熱はとくに定めないが、1100〜1280℃の温度範囲で行うのが好適である。余りに高温で加熱することは、炭窒化物の溶解、オーステナイト粒の粗大化を招くので好ましくはない。加熱後の熱間圧延においては、アシキュラーフェライト単相の金属組織を形成して、目標とする強度、伸び、穴広がり率(伸びフランジ成形性)を達成するために、仕上げ温度をAr変態点以上とし、400 〜600 ℃の温度範囲でコイルに巻き取る。Ar変態点以上で圧延を終了するのは、フェライトの生成を防止するためである。なお、熱間圧延終了から巻き取るまでの冷却はとくに条件を定めないが、Ar変態点の上から、30〜80℃/sの範囲で行うのが好ましい。
図1は、本発明範囲にある成分組成の鋼スラブを熱間圧延したときの巻取温度(CT)が、引張強さ(TS)、伸び(El)、穴広がり率(λ)に及ぼす影響を示したものである。図1から、400 〜600 ℃の温度範囲で巻き取ることにより、これら全ての特性が目標値を満足することがわかる。
【0014】
【実施例】
表1に示す種々の化学組成の鋼を溶製し、連続鋳造スラブとした。このスラブを表2に示す各製造条件で、加熱、熱間圧延し、冷却した後、コイルに巻取り、板厚2.9mmの熱延鋼板を製造した。
得られた、熱延鋼板のコイルの1/4W (幅方向エッジとセンターの中間) 位置で、金属組織観察、引張試験、伸びフランジ試験を行った。ここに、引張試験には、JIS5号試験片を用いた。また、伸びフランジ試験は、一辺100 mmの正方形試験片の中央に10mm(d0)の穴をあけ、先端角度60°の円錐ポンチでこの穴を拡げ、穴の縁にクラックが発生する限界の穴径(d)から次式:
λ=(d−d0)×100 /d0
により、穴広がり率λを求めて評価した。
その結果を表2に併せて示す。これらの結果から、発明例は、良好な伸びフランジ成形性と伸び−強度特性を具えており、加工性に優れていることがわかる。
【0015】
【表1】

Figure 0004639464
【0016】
【表2】
Figure 0004639464
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、鋼板の化学組成、熱間圧延および巻き取りの条件を適正化することによって、格段に優れた伸びフランジ成形性を具えた、高張力熱延鋼板を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】巻取温度(CT)と引張強さ、伸びおよび穴広がり性との関係を示すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet that is used after being subjected to press forming, and in particular, a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet that is suitable for use in automobile structural members and undercarriage parts such as automobile body members, frames, suspensions, and the like. It relates to a manufacturing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to reduce the weight of an automobile body, application of a high-strength steel plate is one of the most effective methods. In particular, hot rolled steel sheets that are less expensive than cold rolled steel sheets have been used for parts that do not require such excellent surface quality, such as strength members or suspensions of the body. Under such circumstances, the use of hot-rolled high-strength steel sheets is being expanded more and more.
Conventionally, material strengthening methods for high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheets with a tensile strength of about 490 to 780 MPa include 1) transformation structure strengthening by martensite phase, pearlite phase or bainite phase, and 2) Ti, Nb, Precipitation strengthening methods using carbonitrides such as V have been used, and these strengthening methods have been selected according to the formability of steel sheets or the characteristics required for parts.
For example, an inexpensive general-purpose high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet is a precipitation-strengthened ferrite phase and a steel sheet with a pearlite phase or bainite phase structure (HSLA: High Strength Low Alloy). If ductility is required, the ferrite phase And Martensi phase dual phase (DP) steel, and precipitation-strengthened dual phase steel is selected when stretch flange formability is required. Moreover, TRIP steel (transformation induced plasticity steel) is mentioned as what has the characteristic similar to DP steel.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, all of the steel plates to which the above-described conventional strengthening methods are applied have poor properties of the other, even though either of the properties of ductility or stretch flangeability is good. In addition, the level of stretch flange formability that has been considered to have been good in the past has often resulted in failure to sufficiently withstand today's severe processing.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet that is particularly excellent in stretch-flange formability (hole expansibility) compared to the conventional level, has good ductility, and is excellent in formability. The specific material properties targeted by the steel sheet of the present invention are tensile strength: 540 MPa or more, elongation: 30% or more, and hole expansion rate: 140% or more.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Based on low carbon steel containing Si and Mn, the inventors have optimized the component composition and hot rolling method to obtain a single-phase metallic structure of acicular ferrite while solid solution strengthening. It has been found that adjusting the sulfide in the inside can provide a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having a high hole expansion rate, and the present invention has been completed.
[0005]
The present invention thus completed is, in mass%, C: 0.06 to 0.15% (excluding 0.04% or more and less than 0.07%) , Si: 0.50 to 1.50%, Mn : 1.0 to 2.0%, S: less than 0.002%, and one or more selected from Ti, Nb, V, and Zr contain 0.005 to 0.020% in total Further, it contains 0.0010 to 0.0060% in total of one or two selected from B and Ca, and the balance consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and consists of a single-phase structure of acicular ferrite. Is a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent workability characterized by
Moreover, the said high-tensile-strength hot-rolled steel plate is the mass%, C: 0.06-0.15% (however, except 0.04% or more and less than 0.07%) , Si: 0.50-1.50 %, Mn: 1.0 to 2.0%, S: less than 0.002%, and one or more selected from Ti, Nb, V, and Zr in total 0.005 to 0.020 1% or 2 types selected from B and Ca in total, 0.0010 to 0.0060% in total, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, the steel material is heated and finished Temperature: It can be advantageously produced by hot rolling at an Ar 3 transformation point or higher and winding it on a coil in a temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the reasons for limiting the component composition and manufacturing conditions will be described. In addition, unless otherwise indicated,% used for this invention shall mean the mass%.
C: 0.06-0.15%
When the content of C is less than 0.06%, an acicular ferrite structure is not formed, and good stretch flange formability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.15%, the fatigue characteristics deteriorate due to the increase in hardness of the weld heat affected zone. Therefore, the C content is in the range of 0.06 to 0.15%.
[0007]
Si: 0.50 to 1.50%
Si is an element effective for improving the strength by solid solution strengthening. If the content is less than 0.50%, the effect is not sufficiently exhibited. If the content exceeds 1.50%, weldability is deteriorated, in particular, fatigue properties are lowered due to increased hardness in the heat affected zone, and firelight is applied to the steel sheet surface. It is formed to reduce the descaling property and deteriorate the surface properties. For this reason, Si content is taken as 0.50 to 1.50% of range.
[0008]
Mn: 1.0-2.0%
Mn is an element effective for improving the strength by solid solution strengthening, like Si. If the content is less than 1.0%, the effect is not sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.0%, the weldability is deteriorated, particularly the fatigue characteristics are lowered due to the increased hardness of the heat affected zone. The content range.
[0009]
S: Less than 0.002% S is an element harmful to stretch flange formability in order to produce stretchable sulfides. When the S amount is 0.002% or more, the target hole expansion rate in the present invention cannot be achieved. For this reason, the amount of S is limited to less than 0.002%.
[0010]
Ti, Nb, V, Zr: 0.005 to 0.020% in total
Ti, Nb, V, and Zr are all useful elements for forming fine acicular ferrite by forming carbonitrides and suppressing coarsening of austenite grains during slab heating. If the total amount of these elements is less than 0.005%, the above-mentioned effect does not appear sufficiently. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.020%, the amount of carbonitride deposited becomes excessive, and the stretch flangeability deteriorates. For this reason, content of Ti, Nb, V, and Zr shall be the range of 0.005-0.020% in total.
[0011]
B, Ca: 0.0010 to 0.0060% in total
B and Ca are elements that change the sulfide into a hardly stretchable one and improve stretch flangeability. In order to greatly improve stretch flange formability, it is necessary to contain these elements in a predetermined range as well as limiting the amount of S. If the total content of B and Ca is less than 0.0010%, the above effect is poor. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.0060%, the corrosion resistance of the hot-rolled steel sheet decreases. Therefore, the total content of B and Ca is in the range of 0.0010 to 0.0060%.
[0012]
Metal structure In order to achieve the desired characteristics of the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the sulfide and make the metal structure after hot rolling into an acicular ferrite single phase structure. In particular, in a structure composed of soft ferrite and a hard second phase and having a large difference in hardness, a reduction in stretch flangeability is unavoidable. Therefore, in the present invention, extremely good stretch flangeability is obtained by making the metal structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet into an acicular ferrite single phase.
[0013]
Manufacturing method The manufacturing method of the hot-rolled steel sheet mentioned above is demonstrated. The heating of the steel material is not particularly defined, but it is preferable to perform it in the temperature range of 1100 to 1280 ° C. Heating at an excessively high temperature is not preferable because it causes dissolution of carbonitride and coarsening of austenite grains. In the hot rolling after heating, the finishing temperature is set to Ar 3 transformation in order to achieve the target strength, elongation, and hole expansion ratio (stretch flange formability) by forming a single phase microstructure of acicular ferrite. The coil is wound around the coil in the temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C. The reason why the rolling is finished at the Ar 3 transformation point or more is to prevent the formation of ferrite. The cooling from the end of hot rolling to the winding is not particularly limited, but is preferably performed in the range of 30 to 80 ° C./s from the top of the Ar 3 transformation point.
FIG. 1 shows the influence of the coiling temperature (CT) on the tensile strength (TS), elongation (El), and hole expansion ratio (λ) when hot rolling a steel slab having a composition within the range of the present invention. Is shown. From FIG. 1, it is understood that all these characteristics satisfy the target value by winding in the temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C.
[0014]
【Example】
Steels having various chemical compositions shown in Table 1 were melted to form continuous cast slabs. The slab was heated, hot-rolled and cooled under the production conditions shown in Table 2, and then wound on a coil to produce a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.9 mm.
At a position of 1/4 W (intermediate between the width direction edge and the center) of the obtained coil of the hot-rolled steel sheet, the metal structure observation, the tensile test, and the stretch flange test were performed. Here, a JIS No. 5 test piece was used for the tensile test. In the stretch flange test, a 10 mm (d0) hole is drilled in the center of a square test piece with a side of 100 mm, and this hole is expanded with a conical punch with a tip angle of 60 °. From the diameter (d):
λ = (d−d0) × 100 / d0
Thus, the hole expansion rate λ was obtained and evaluated.
The results are also shown in Table 2. From these results, it can be seen that the inventive examples have good stretch flangeability and stretch-strength characteristics and are excellent in workability.
[0015]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004639464
[0016]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004639464
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by optimizing the chemical composition of the steel sheet, the hot rolling and the winding conditions, a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having exceptionally excellent stretch flange formability is obtained. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between winding temperature (CT) and tensile strength, elongation and hole expansibility.

Claims (2)

質量%で、C:0.06〜0.15%(ただし、0.04%以上0.07%未満は除く)、Si:0.50〜1.50%、Mn:1.0〜2.0%、S:0.002%未満を含み、かつTi、Nb、V、Zrから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計で0.005〜0.020%を含有して、さらにB、Caから選ばれる1種または2種を合計で0.0010〜0.0060%を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、アシキュラーフェライト単相の組織からなることを特徴とする加工性に優れる高張力熱延鋼板。In mass%, C: 0.06 to 0.15% (excluding 0.04% or more and less than 0.07%) , Si: 0.50 to 1.50%, Mn: 1.0 to 2. 0%, S: less than 0.002%, and one or more selected from Ti, Nb, V, and Zr are contained in a total amount of 0.005 to 0.020%, and B, Ca It contains a total of 0.0010 to 0.0060% of one or two selected from the above, and the balance consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and has a structure of a single phase of acicular ferrite. Excellent high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet. 質量%で、C:0.06〜0.15%(ただし、0.04%以上0.07%未満は除く)、Si:0.50〜1.50%、Mn:1.0〜2.0%、S:0.002%未満を含み、かつTi、Nb、V、Zrから選ばれる1種または2種以上を合計で0.005〜0.020%を含有して、さらにB、Caから選ばれる1種または2種を合計で0.0010〜0.0060%を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼素材を、加熱後、仕上げ温度:Ar変態点以上として熱間圧延し、400〜600℃の温度範囲でコイルに巻き取ることを特徴とする加工性に優れる高張力熱延鋼板の製造方法。In mass%, C: 0.06 to 0.15% (excluding 0.04% or more and less than 0.07%) , Si: 0.50 to 1.50%, Mn: 1.0 to 2. 0%, S: less than 0.002%, and one or more selected from Ti, Nb, V, and Zr are contained in a total amount of 0.005 to 0.020%, and B, Ca A steel material containing 0.0010 to 0.0060% in total of 1 type or 2 types selected from the following, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, after heating, hot at a finishing temperature: Ar 3 transformation point or higher A method for producing a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent workability, which is rolled and wound around a coil in a temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C.
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