JP4628237B2 - Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete - Google Patents
Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4628237B2 JP4628237B2 JP2005289526A JP2005289526A JP4628237B2 JP 4628237 B2 JP4628237 B2 JP 4628237B2 JP 2005289526 A JP2005289526 A JP 2005289526A JP 2005289526 A JP2005289526 A JP 2005289526A JP 4628237 B2 JP4628237 B2 JP 4628237B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- grains
- particle size
- alc
- cellular concrete
- medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、建築物の壁、屋根、床などに使用される軽量気泡コンクリート(ALC)の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) used for building walls, roofs, floors and the like.
ALCの製造においては、生石灰、セメント及び珪石からなる各主原料と、石膏や繰り返し原料(オートクレーブ前の切断屑並びにALC廃材)などの副原料とを、水と混合撹拌して、得られた原料スラリーにアルミニウム粉末などの発泡剤を加え、補強鉄筋を配した型枠内に流し込んで発泡させる。更に、所定時間を経てケーキ状半硬化体となった後、ピアノ線で所定寸法に切断し、オートクレーブにより高温高圧での水蒸気養生を行って製造される。 In the production of ALC, raw materials obtained by mixing and stirring each main raw material consisting of quick lime, cement and silica and auxiliary raw materials such as gypsum and repetitive raw materials (cut scraps and ALC waste before autoclave) with water. A foaming agent such as aluminum powder is added to the slurry, and the slurry is poured into a mold having reinforcing reinforcing bars to foam. Furthermore, after it becomes a cake-like semi-cured body after a predetermined time, it is cut into a predetermined dimension with a piano wire, and steam curing at high temperature and high pressure is performed by an autoclave.
このようにして製造されたALCは、内部に気泡と細孔を含むため絶乾かさ比重が0.5程度と非常に軽量でありながら、高い耐火性及び断熱性を備え、強度も比較的高いという優れた特性を持っている。そのため、ALCは建築材料として広く使用され、例えば、仕様に沿った各種寸法に切断され、場合によっては様々な加工や仕上げを行うことによって、壁、屋根、床などの用途に応じたパネルなどのALC建築材料製品とされる。 The ALC produced in this way contains bubbles and pores inside, and is extremely light with an absolute dryness specific gravity of about 0.5, while having high fire resistance and heat insulation and relatively high strength. Has excellent properties. For this reason, ALC is widely used as a building material. For example, it is cut into various dimensions according to specifications, and by performing various processing and finishing depending on the case, such as panels according to applications such as walls, roofs, floors, etc. ALC building material product.
ALCの強度物性を発現させているのが、オートクレーブによる高温高圧水蒸気養生で生成するトバモライトである。トバモライトは、高温高圧水蒸気養生の過程において、セメントと生石灰の水和で生成した低結晶性の珪酸カルシウム水和物(CSH)が、水蒸気養生中に珪石から供給される珪酸成分と反応して結晶化したものである。一般に、トバモライトの生成過程であるオートクレーブでの高温高圧水蒸気養生では、珪石の溶解が反応を律速することが広く知られている。従って、珪酸質原料として使用する珪石の粒度、単結晶サイズ、純度、不純物の種類と含有量などが、ALCの物性に大きな影響を及ぼす。 It is tobermorite produced by high temperature and high pressure steam curing with an autoclave that expresses the strength properties of ALC. Tobermorite is a low crystallinity calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) produced by hydration of cement and quicklime during the high temperature and high pressure steam curing process, and reacts with the silicic acid component supplied from silica during steam curing. It has become. In general, in high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing in an autoclave, which is a production process of tobermorite, it is widely known that dissolution of silica stones controls the reaction. Accordingly, the particle size, single crystal size, purity, type and content of impurities, etc. of the silica used as the siliceous raw material have a great influence on the physical properties of ALC.
そこで従来から、珪酸質原料としての珪石、特に珪石の粒度について多くの検討がなされている。例えば、珪石の粒度を規定したALCの製造方法として、特開昭59−128254号公報には重量平均径で15μm以下とすることが、特開平04−197605号公報には2000〜2500と6000〜12000ブレーンにピークを有する粒度分布の珪砂を用いることが記載されている。また、特開2001−019571号公報には、平均石英結晶粒径が10μm未満の珪石と10〜500μmの珪石を混合し、その混合珪石の平均石英結晶粒径を15〜300μmとすると共に、10μm未満の珪石の混合割合を60重量%以下にした混合珪石を使用することが記載されている。 Thus, many studies have been made on the particle size of silica, particularly silica, as a siliceous raw material. For example, as a method for producing ALC in which the grain size of silica is defined, JP-A-59-128254 discloses that the weight average diameter is 15 μm or less, JP-A-4-197605 discloses 2000-2500 and 6000-2000. The use of silica sand having a particle size distribution having a peak at 12,000 branes is described. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-019571 discloses that silica having an average quartz crystal grain size of less than 10 μm and 10-500 μm silica are mixed, the average quartz crystal grain size of the mixed silica is 15 to 300 μm, and 10 μm. The use of mixed silica with a mixing ratio of less than 60% by weight or less is described.
本発明は、このような従来の事情に鑑み、珪酸質原料として用いる珪石の粒度を調整することにより、強度などの諸物性に優れたALCを製造できる方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of such conventional circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing ALC excellent in various physical properties such as strength by adjusting the particle size of silica used as a siliceous raw material.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明が提供する軽量気泡コンクリート(ALC)の製造方法は、生石灰、セメント及び粉砕した珪石からなる主原料に水を加えて混合撹拌し、得られた原料スラリーに発泡剤を加え、補強鉄筋を配した型枠内に流し込んで発泡させ、所定時間を経てケーキ状半硬化体となった後、オートクレーブにより高温高圧での水蒸気養生を行って製造される軽量気泡コンクリートの製造方法において、該粉砕後の珪石が、粒径10μm未満を微粒、10μm以上100μm未満を中粒、100μm以上を粗粒と規定したとき、微粒、中粒、粗粒の全てを含み、粗粒の重量百分率が9〜15%で、微粒/中粒の重量比が0.9〜1.2であることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) manufacturing method provided by the present invention is to add water to a main raw material composed of quicklime, cement, and crushed silica stone, and stir and foam the resulting raw material slurry. Of lightweight cellular concrete manufactured by performing steam curing at high temperature and high pressure with an autoclave after a predetermined period of time and forming a cake-like semi-cured product after pouring into a mold with reinforcing steel bars In the production method, when the crushed silica is defined as a fine particle having a particle size of less than 10 μm, a medium particle having a particle size of 10 μm or more and less than 100 μm, and a coarse particle having a particle size of 100 μm or more, it includes all of the fine particles, medium particles, and coarse particles. The weight percentage is 9 to 15%, and the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles is 0.9 to 1.2.
本発明によれば、珪酸質原料として用いる珪石の粒度を調整するだけで、強度などの諸物性に優れるALCを製造することができる。従って、本発明のALCを建築用パネルなどとして用いることによって、近年の特殊な工法に対応でき、例えばALCパネルを強い力で把持してクレーンなどで吊り上げたり、ALCパネルを小型の取付金具を用いて建築物に施行したりすることが可能になる。 According to the present invention, an ALC excellent in various physical properties such as strength can be produced simply by adjusting the particle size of silica used as a siliceous raw material. Therefore, by using the ALC of the present invention as a building panel or the like, it is possible to cope with a recent special construction method. For example, the ALC panel is gripped with a strong force and lifted by a crane or the like, or the ALC panel is used with a small mounting bracket. And can be enforced on buildings.
ALCは内部に気泡と細孔を含むため絶乾かさ比重が0.5程度と非常に軽量でありながら、強度も比較的高いという優れた性質を持っている。この強度を発現させているのが、オートクレーブによる高温高圧水蒸気養生の過程で生成する珪酸カルシウム水和物のトバモライトである。このトバモライトの生成過程では、珪石の溶解が反応を律速することが広く知られている。 Since ALC contains bubbles and pores inside, ALC has an excellent property of having a relatively high strength while being extremely lightweight with an absolute dryness specific gravity of about 0.5. This strength is manifested in calcium silicate hydrate tobermorite produced during the high temperature and high pressure steam curing process using an autoclave. In this tobermorite production process, it is widely known that dissolution of silica stones controls the reaction.
本発明者らは、珪石の粒度について検討し、種々の方法で粉砕して粒度を変えた珪石を用いてALCを製造し、それぞれ得られたALCの物性値を調べた。その結果、微粒が結晶核の生成に寄与し、中粒が結晶の成長に寄与すること、残存する粗粒が骨材効果などにより物性値に影響することと共に、これら微粒、中粒、粗粒が一定の条件を満たした場合にALCが優れた強度を発現することを見出し、本発明をなすに至ったものである。 The present inventors examined the particle size of silica stone, manufactured ALC using silica stone pulverized by various methods to change the particle size, and examined the physical property values of the obtained ALC. As a result, the fine grains contribute to the formation of crystal nuclei, the medium grains contribute to crystal growth, and the remaining coarse grains affect the physical property values due to the aggregate effect, etc., and these fine grains, medium grains, coarse grains Has been found that ALC exhibits excellent strength when a certain condition is satisfied, and has led to the present invention.
即ち、粉砕後の珪石について、粒径10μm未満を微粒、10μm以上100μm未満を中粒、100μm以上を粗粒と規定したとき、微粒、中粒、粗粒の全てを含み、粗粒の重量百分率が9〜15%で、微粒/中粒の重量比が0.9〜1.2である珪石を珪石原料として使用したとき、高い強度のALCが得られることが分かった。更に、粉砕後の珪石における微粒の重量百分率が40〜50%であれば、高い強度のALCが安定して得られるため一層好ましい。 That is, for the silica after pulverization, when the particle size of less than 10 μm is defined as fine particles, 10 μm or more and less than 100 μm as medium particles, and 100 μm or more as coarse particles, all the fine particles, medium particles, and coarse particles are included, and the weight percentage of the coarse particles It was found that high strength ALC can be obtained when quartzite having a fine / medium grain weight ratio of 9 to 15% and a weight ratio of 0.9 to 1.2 is used as a raw material for quartzite. Furthermore, if the weight percentage of fine particles in the crushed silica is 40 to 50%, it is more preferable because high-strength ALC can be stably obtained.
上記の微粒、中粒、粗粒の全てを含む珪石について、その粒度を上記範囲内に調整した場合にALCの強度が高くなる原因は明らかではないが、微粒と中粒の重量比を0.9〜1.2に調製することで、トバモライトの結晶核の生成と結晶成長とがバランス良く促進され、十分なトバモライトが生成すると同時に、粗粒の重量百分率を9〜15%とすることによって、残留する粗粒が骨材効果を果たし、これらが相乗してALCの強度が向上するものと考えられる。 The reason why the ALC strength becomes high when the particle size is adjusted within the above range is not clear for the silica including all of the fine particles, medium particles, and coarse particles, but the weight ratio of the fine particles to the medium particles is 0. By adjusting to 9-1.2, the generation of crystal nuclei and crystal growth of tobermorite are promoted in a well-balanced manner, and sufficient tobermorite is generated, and at the same time, the weight percentage of coarse particles is 9-15%, The remaining coarse particles play an aggregate effect, and these are considered to be synergistic to improve the strength of ALC.
珪酸質原料として、徳島県の同一鉱山から産出する珪石を用いて、ALCを製造した。その際、珪石を予めボールミルで粉砕して、微粒(粒径10μm未満)、中粒(粒径10μm以上100μm未満)、粗粒(粒径100μm以上)の割合を調整することにより、下記表1に示す粒度分布を有する試料1〜7の珪石を準備し、これを珪酸質原料として使用した。 ALC was produced using siliceous material produced from the same mine in Tokushima Prefecture as a siliceous raw material. At that time, the silica is previously pulverized by a ball mill to adjust the ratio of fine particles (particle size of less than 10 μm), medium particles (particle size of 10 μm or more and less than 100 μm), and coarse particles (particle size of 100 μm or more). The silica stones of Samples 1 to 7 having the particle size distribution shown in Table 1 were prepared and used as siliceous raw materials.
上記の珪石45重量部に、石灰質原料として生石灰5重量部とセメント30重量部、繰り返し原料20重量部を混合し、これらの固体原料の合計100重量部に対し水60重量部と、少量のアルミニウム粉末及び界面活性剤を加え、混練してスラリーを作成した。このスラリーを型枠に流し込んで発泡させ、水和により硬化してケーキ状半硬化体とした後、180℃、10気圧のオートクレーブにおいて6時間の高温高圧水蒸気養生を施した。 As a calcareous raw material, 5 parts by weight of quick lime, 30 parts by weight of cement, and 20 parts by weight of repetitive raw materials are mixed with 45 parts by weight of the above silica, 60 parts by weight of water and a small amount of aluminum for a total of 100 parts by weight of these solid raw materials. Powder and surfactant were added and kneaded to prepare a slurry. The slurry was poured into a mold and foamed, cured by hydration to obtain a cake-like semi-cured product, and then subjected to high-temperature high-pressure steam curing for 6 hours in an autoclave at 180 ° C. and 10 atm.
得られたALCブロックを100mm角の立方体に成形し、JIS A5416に準じて圧縮強度を測定した。その結果を、微粒、中粒、粗粒の重量百分率及び微粒/中粒の重量比と共に、下記表2に示した。尚、圧縮強度のJIS A5416における規格値は3.0N/mm2以上であるが、実際には近年開発されているクレーンでの吊り上げや小型の取付金具を用いる特殊な工法に対応するため、4.5N/mm2以上が必要である。そこで、表2中の評価では、圧縮強度4.5N/mm2以上を適(○)、3.0N/mm2以上4.5N/mm2未満を不適(△)、3.0N/mm2未満を不可(×)と判定した。 The obtained ALC block was molded into a 100 mm square cube, and the compressive strength was measured according to JIS A5416. The results are shown in Table 2 below together with the weight percentage of fine particles, medium particles and coarse particles and the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles. The standard value of compressive strength in JIS A5416 is 3.0 N / mm 2 or more. However, in order to cope with a special method of lifting using a crane or a small mounting bracket, which is actually developed in recent years, 4 0.5 N / mm 2 or more is necessary. Therefore, in the evaluation in Table 2, it applies the compressive strength 4.5 N / mm 2 or more (○), 3.0N / mm 2 or more 4.5 N / mm 2 under improper (△), 3.0N / mm 2 Less than was judged as impossible (x).
本発明による試料1〜2においては、圧縮強度の判定は全て可であった。これらの試料では、粗粒が9〜15%の範囲で比較的多く、且つ微粒/中粒の重量比が0.9〜1.2とほぼ同等であった。一方、比較例である試料3〜7では、圧縮強度は全て不適であった。試料3〜5では粗粒が10%以上で比較的多いが、微粒/中粒の重量比が0.9未満で微粒が少な過ぎる。また、試料6〜7では粗粒が9%未満と少なく、且つ微粒/中粒の重量比も0.9未満であった。 In the samples 1 and 2 according to the present invention, all the determinations of the compressive strength were possible. In these samples, the coarse particles were relatively large in the range of 9 to 15%, and the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles was substantially equal to 0.9 to 1.2. On the other hand, in the samples 3 to 7 as comparative examples, all the compressive strengths were unsuitable. In Samples 3 to 5, the coarse particles are 10% or more and relatively large, but the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles is less than 0.9 and the fine particles are too few. In Samples 6 to 7, the coarse particles were less than 9% and the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles was less than 0.9.
以上の結果から、十分な強度を有するALCを製造するためには、珪酸質原料として用いる珪石について、粒径10μm未満を微粒、10μm以上100μm未満を中粒、100μm以上を粗粒と規定したとき、微粒、中粒、粗粒の全てを含み、粗粒の重量百分率を9〜15%とし、且つ微粒/中粒の重量比を0.9〜1.2とする必要があることが明らかとなった。
From the above results, in order to produce ALC having sufficient strength, when silica stone used as a siliceous raw material is defined as fine particles having a particle size of less than 10 μm, medium particles having a particle size of 10 μm or more but less than 100 μm, and coarse particles having a particle size of 100 μm or more. Clearly, it is necessary to include all of fine particles, medium particles, and coarse particles, the weight percentage of coarse particles to be 9 to 15%, and the weight ratio of fine particles / medium particles to be 0.9 to 1.2. became.
Claims (2)
The lightweight cellular concrete manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of the fine particles is 40 to 50%.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005289526A JP4628237B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005289526A JP4628237B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007099546A JP2007099546A (en) | 2007-04-19 |
JP4628237B2 true JP4628237B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
Family
ID=38026842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005289526A Expired - Fee Related JP4628237B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4628237B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007508412A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2007-04-05 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Aliphatic-aromatic polyetherester compositions, articles, films, coatings and laminates and methods for their production |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5030061B2 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2012-09-19 | 住友金属鉱山シポレックス株式会社 | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
JP2011032105A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Siporex Kk | Method of producing autoclaved lightweight concrete |
JP6134278B2 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2017-05-24 | 旭化成建材株式会社 | Lightweight cellular concrete |
JP6535180B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2019-06-26 | アイカテック建材株式会社 | Highly durable cement board and its cement composition |
JP7398225B2 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2023-12-14 | 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 | lightweight aerated concrete |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08259348A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of light-weight foamed concrete |
JP2001019571A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-23 | Clion Co Ltd | Production of autoclaved lightweight concrete and autoclaved lightweight concrete panel obtained by the same |
JP2001302367A (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-10-31 | Clion Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing lightweight foamed concrete |
JP2004244279A (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of manufacturing alc |
JP2005104791A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of manufacturing lightweight cellular concrete |
JP2006069868A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of producing lightweight cellular concrete having excellent carbonation resistance |
JP2007084365A (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
-
2005
- 2005-10-03 JP JP2005289526A patent/JP4628237B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08259348A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of light-weight foamed concrete |
JP2001019571A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-23 | Clion Co Ltd | Production of autoclaved lightweight concrete and autoclaved lightweight concrete panel obtained by the same |
JP2001302367A (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-10-31 | Clion Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing lightweight foamed concrete |
JP2004244279A (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of manufacturing alc |
JP2005104791A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of manufacturing lightweight cellular concrete |
JP2006069868A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method of producing lightweight cellular concrete having excellent carbonation resistance |
JP2007084365A (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007508412A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2007-04-05 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Aliphatic-aromatic polyetherester compositions, articles, films, coatings and laminates and methods for their production |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007099546A (en) | 2007-04-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2970003B1 (en) | High-strength geopolymer composite cellular concrete | |
US9039830B2 (en) | Cement composition containing dune sand and limestone powder, concrete products and method for making concrete products | |
WO2008013694A2 (en) | Slag concrete manufactured aggregate | |
KR20140010018A (en) | Geopolymer composite for ultra high performance concrete | |
JP4628237B2 (en) | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete | |
JP2022530193A (en) | Manufacture of wet-cast slag-based concrete products | |
CN105174901A (en) | High-performance potassium magnesium phosphate cement mortar and preparation method thereof | |
JP2009057226A (en) | Method for manufacturing autoclaved lightweight concrete | |
EP3129201B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of masonry composite materials | |
JP4786272B2 (en) | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete | |
JP5440905B2 (en) | Ultra-early strong cement composition and manufacturing method thereof | |
RU2448929C1 (en) | Crude mixture and method of producing said mixture for nanostructured autoclave foamed concrete | |
JP2014043379A (en) | Manufacturing method of light-weight foam concrete | |
JP4176395B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of low specific gravity calcium silicate hardened body | |
JP2011256094A (en) | Aluminum powder for autoclaved lightweight cellular concrete | |
KR101117780B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing porous material of calcium silicate using cement kiln by-pass dust | |
JP2007063091A (en) | Autoclaved lightweight concrete | |
JP2012091962A (en) | Method for producing autoclaved lightweight concrete panel | |
JP5169368B2 (en) | Self-healing hydrated cured product and low-reactivity active cement material | |
JP5030061B2 (en) | Method for producing lightweight cellular concrete | |
JP2011020883A (en) | Autoclaved lightweight cellular concrete and method for producing the same | |
JP2009057227A (en) | Method for manufacturing autoclaved lightweight concrete | |
JP2011025646A (en) | Manufacturing method of autoclaved lightweight concrete | |
JP6933422B2 (en) | How to manufacture lightweight cellular concrete panels | |
US8435342B2 (en) | Concrete composition |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080314 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20100728 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100803 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100922 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20101019 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20101109 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131119 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4628237 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |