JP4599618B2 - 熱サイホン反応器及びそれを備えた水素発生器 - Google Patents
熱サイホン反応器及びそれを備えた水素発生器 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Co] FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005297 material degradation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
(熱サイホン反応器の製造)
ステンレススチールで形成された反応器チューブ1内にコバルト−鉄混合金属触媒層3を充填した後に熱酸化反応させることによって、熱サイホン反応器6を製造した。反応器チューブ1は、長さが6cmであり、幅が1/2インチであった。触媒層3は、図1Aに示したように、一つの中空円筒形であって、中空、すなわち、コンベクションホール4は、直径が0.5cmに形成された。触媒層3が充填された反応器チューブ1を600℃の温度で空気中で2時間加熱した。代案として、触媒層3が充填された反応器チューブ1をブタントーチで10ないし20分間加熱することもできる。
水素の流速を測定するために水素生成実験を行った。まず、Co/Fe混合金属酸化物金属層3を備える熱サイホン反応器6を反応槽に装着し、この反応槽に20wt%のNaBH4、5wt%のNaOH、及び75wt%の蒸溜水を含有する水素化ホウ素ナトリウム溶液50mlを添加することによって実験を行った。一旦、反応が始まれば、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム溶液が外部ポンプなしにも反応器6の一側内部に自動的に供給された。水素、水、及び固体廃棄物は、反応器6の他側に排出された。水素の流速は、PC(Personal Computer)と連結された質量流量計を使用して測定した。図4は、本実験によって生成される水素の生成速度を経時的に示すグラフである。図4を参照すれば、反応初期には、水素生成速度が1,000ml/minまで急に上昇したが、約400秒が経過した以後からは、約200ml/minの一定の流速に維持されると現れた。
Claims (23)
- 反応原料が流入されて触媒反応が起きる空間の反応器チューブと、
前記反応原料と接触してガス発生を促進させるものであって、前記反応器チューブ内に配される多孔性の触媒層と、
前記反応器チューブの下端部に分離可能に密着配置されるものであって、液状の反応原料を吸収して前記触媒層に移送する液体吸収パッドと、を備え、
前記反応器チューブ内には、コンベクションホールが前記反応器チューブを長手方向に貫設されて反応生成物を排出させることを特徴とする熱サイホン反応器。 - 前記反応原料は、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム溶液であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記反応器チューブで発生するガスは、水素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記反応器チューブで起こる反応は、発熱反応であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記反応器チューブは、中空円筒形であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記触媒層は、多孔性マトリックス状であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記触媒層には、少なくとも一つの中空が形成され、前記中空が前記コンベクションホールをなすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記触媒層は、前記反応器チューブより狭い円筒形であり、前記反応器チューブと前記触媒層との間の空間が前記コンベクションホールをなすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- 前記反応器チューブの外面を覆い包むように配された絶縁層をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱サイホン反応器。
- ハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に配された反応原料コンテナと、
前記反応原料コンテナに連結されて前記反応原料コンテナから反応原料を供給されて触媒反応を起こす空間の反応器チューブと、
前記反応原料コンテナから反応原料を供給されて前記反応器チューブに再供給するものであって、前記反応原料コンテナと前記反応器チューブとの間の位置で前記反応器チューブの下端部に分離可能に密着されるように配される制御部と、
前記反応原料と接触してガス発生を促進させるものであって、前記反応器チューブ内に配される多孔性の触媒層と、
前記反応器チューブに連結されて前記反応器チューブで生成された反応生成物を収集する生成物コンテナと、を備え、
前記反応器チューブ内には、コンベクションホールが前記反応器チューブを長手方向に貫設されて反応生成物を排出させることを特徴とする水素発生器。 - 前記反応原料は、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム溶液であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記反応器チューブで起こる反応は、発熱反応であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記反応器チューブは、中空円筒形であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記触媒層は、多孔性マトリックス状であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記触媒層には、少なくとも一つの中空が形成され、前記中空が前記コンベクションホールをなすことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記触媒層は、前記反応器チューブより狭い円筒形であり、前記反応器チューブと前記触媒層との間の空間が前記コンベクションホールをなすことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記反応器チューブの外面を覆い包むように配された絶縁層をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記制御部は、前記反応原料コンテナから流入された反応原料を前記反応器チューブ内に移送するベローズと、
前記反応器チューブの下端部に分離可能に密着配置されるものであって、液状の反応原料を吸収して前記触媒層に移送する液体吸収パッドと、を備え、
前記ベローズは、前記反応器チューブ内の圧力の大きさによって伸縮されることによって、前記液体吸収パッドを前記反応器チューブの下端部に密着または分離させることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。 - 前記反応原料コンテナと前記反応器チューブとの間に反応原料移送管をさらに備え、前記反応原料移送管は、前記反応原料コンテナから順次に開閉弁と逆流防止弁とを備えることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記生成物コンテナに連結されて前記生成物コンテナのガスを外部に排出させるガス排出管をさらに備え、前記生成物コンテナと前記ガス排出間との間に気液分離膜をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記反応原料コンテナは、前記ハウジングで取り囲まれた内部空間であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記反応原料コンテナは、前記ハウジング内に別途配置された柔軟性膜であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記生成物コンテナは、前記ハウジング内に別途配置された柔軟性膜であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の水素発生器。
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US76650406P | 2006-01-24 | 2006-01-24 | |
KR1020060096123A KR100828704B1 (ko) | 2006-01-24 | 2006-09-29 | 열 사이펀 반응기 및 이를 구비한 수소 발생기 |
PCT/KR2007/000412 WO2007086675A1 (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | Thermal siphon reactor and hydrogen generator having the same |
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JP2009523612A JP2009523612A (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
JP4599618B2 true JP4599618B2 (ja) | 2010-12-15 |
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US (1) | US8083996B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4599618B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100828704B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101374758B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2637921C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112007000243T5 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2447817B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007086675A1 (ja) |
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KR20080039885A (ko) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-05-07 | 벤트리아 바이오사이언스 | 식물 세포로부터 생산된 세포 배양 배지의 성분 |
FR2937630B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-24 | 2011-05-06 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Systeme catalytique pour la generation d'hydrogene par la reaction d'hydrolyse des borohydrures metalliques |
DE102013214314A1 (de) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Reaktor zur Freisetzung von Wasserstoff aus einer flüssigen Verbindung |
CN104733749A (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | 扬光绿能股份有限公司 | 燃料匣 |
US20210155476A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2021-05-27 | Electriq-Global Energy Solutions Ltd. | Batch systems and methods for hydrogen gas extraction from a liquid hydrogen carrier |
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JP3599370B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-23 | 2004-12-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 水素製造装置 |
US5887554A (en) | 1996-01-19 | 1999-03-30 | Cohn; Daniel R. | Rapid response plasma fuel converter systems |
US6047728A (en) * | 1996-07-03 | 2000-04-11 | Swagelok Company | Spring loaded bellows regulator |
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WO2002000547A1 (en) | 2000-06-19 | 2002-01-03 | Uop Llc | Apparatus for producing hydrogen |
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CA2439586C (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2012-02-28 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Ammonia-based hydrogen generation apparatus and method for using same |
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JP4184037B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-29 | 2008-11-19 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 水素製造装置 |
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CA2637921C (en) | 2011-07-19 |
US20070172403A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
KR100828704B1 (ko) | 2008-05-09 |
GB2447817A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
CA2637921A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
US8083996B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
CN101374758B (zh) | 2011-10-05 |
DE112007000243T5 (de) | 2008-11-20 |
JP2009523612A (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
GB0812990D0 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
CN101374758A (zh) | 2009-02-25 |
KR20070077753A (ko) | 2007-07-27 |
WO2007086675A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
GB2447817B (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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