JP4577871B2 - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Plant cultivation equipment Download PDF

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JP4577871B2
JP4577871B2 JP2004022067A JP2004022067A JP4577871B2 JP 4577871 B2 JP4577871 B2 JP 4577871B2 JP 2004022067 A JP2004022067 A JP 2004022067A JP 2004022067 A JP2004022067 A JP 2004022067A JP 4577871 B2 JP4577871 B2 JP 4577871B2
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cultivation
holding member
plant cultivation
plant
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JP2004254688A (en
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隆盛 大出
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/04—Hydroponic culture on conveyors
    • A01G31/047—Hydroponic culture on conveyors with containers inside rotating drums or rotating around a horizontal axis, e.g. carousels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/024—Hanging flower pots and baskets

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Description

本発明は、植物栽培装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus .

各種植物を植えて栽培するための栽培手段としては、各種の培地が充填される鉢やプランターなどがある。また、硬質の栽培容器やプラスチックフィルムなどの軟質の外被部材によって培地が保持され、一般に家庭園芸などで用いるプランター等より大型に形成され、施設園芸などで用いられる植物栽培ベッドなどもある。   Examples of cultivation means for planting and cultivating various plants include pots and planters filled with various media. In addition, there is a plant cultivation bed or the like that is maintained in a large cultivation size by a planter or the like generally used in home gardening and the like, and is used in facility gardening, etc.

従来、これらの栽培手段を複数列で設置する場合、各栽培手段で栽培されている植物同士の接触を避け、また、それらへの均等な採光を確保するために、所定間隔ごと離間させて配置している。また、イチゴやトマトなどの果菜類の場合には、受粉、収穫、茎の誘引などの各種作業を頻繁に行う必要があるため、隣接する栽培手段間には、これらの作業を円滑に行うことも考慮した作業用スペース（作業用通路）を確保する必要がある。このため、温室などの各種栽培施設において、その全体を栽培面積に割り当てることは実質的に不可能であり、上記した作業用通路など、植物を栽培できないスペースが必然的に生じる。このような中で、限られた栽培施設内において、作業性を損なうことなく、収穫量を上げるための工夫が種々なされている。   Conventionally, when installing these cultivation means in a plurality of rows, to avoid contact between plants cultivated in each cultivation means, and to ensure uniform lighting to them, they are spaced apart at predetermined intervals is doing. In addition, in the case of fruit and vegetables such as strawberries and tomatoes, it is necessary to frequently perform various operations such as pollination, harvesting and attracting stems, so these operations should be performed smoothly between adjacent cultivation means. It is necessary to secure a working space (working passage) that also takes into account the above. For this reason, in various cultivation facilities such as a greenhouse, it is substantially impossible to allocate the whole to the cultivation area, and a space where the plant cannot be cultivated, such as the above-described working passage, is inevitably generated. Under such circumstances, various ideas have been made to increase the yield without impairing workability in a limited cultivation facility.

例えば、特許文献１には、滑車に巻回した紐状部材の両端に栽培手段を支持し、あるいは、天秤棒の両端に吊り下げた紐状部材に栽培手段を支持すると共に、温室を構成する骨組み材にこの滑車や天秤棒を支持させ、栽培手段を常態において温室内のかなり高い位置に配置しておく栽培装置が開示されている。作業を行う際には、いずれかの栽培手段を引き下ろして実施するものである。
特開２０００−１４２５０号公報 For example, in Patent Document 1, the cultivation means is supported on both ends of a string-like member wound around a pulley, or the cultivation means is supported on a string-like member suspended on both ends of a balance rod, and a framework that constitutes a greenhouse. A cultivation apparatus is disclosed in which the pulley and the balance rod are supported on a material and the cultivation means is normally arranged at a considerably high position in the greenhouse. When performing the work, one of the cultivation means is pulled down.
JP 2000-14250 A

しかしながら、特許文献１で開示された滑車を用いた手段の場合、滑車を介して支持される２つの栽培手段を上下に移動させたとしても、平面視での位置は変わらず、栽培手段の側方に作業用通路を設けることはできない。従って、作業用通路は栽培手段の下方に設けるよりほかなく、栽培手段を引き下げない限り、植物への手入れを行うことはできない。しかも、一方の栽培手段を引き下げた場合には、他方の栽培手段は作業者の頭上より高所まで上がる必要があるため、２つの栽培手段に対して一度に作業を施すことは不可能である。   However, in the case of the means using the pulley disclosed in Patent Document 1, even if the two cultivation means supported via the pulley are moved up and down, the position in plan view does not change, and the cultivation means side It is not possible to provide a working passage on the side. Therefore, the working path is not provided below the cultivation means, and the plant cannot be maintained unless the cultivation means is lowered. And when one cultivation means is pulled down, since the other cultivation means needs to go up to a higher place than an operator's overhead, it is impossible to work on two cultivation means at once. .

特許文献１に開示された天秤棒を用いた栽培装置も、作業者が栽培手段を直接把持して引き下げる構成であり、上記と同様に高所に設置され、基本的には栽培手段の下方に作業用通路を確保するものである。従って、上記滑車を用いた栽培装置と同様に、天秤棒の両端に支持される２つの栽培手段の双方に対し、一度に作業を施すことはできない。   The cultivation apparatus using the balance rod disclosed in Patent Document 1 is also configured so that the operator directly holds and pulls the cultivation means, and is installed at a high place in the same manner as described above, and basically works under the cultivation means. This is to secure a service passage. Therefore, similarly to the cultivation apparatus using the pulley, it is not possible to work on both of the two cultivation means supported at both ends of the balance rod at a time.

もっとも、天秤棒を用いた栽培装置の場合には、天秤棒が傾斜することにより、２つの栽培手段同士が水平距離では接近するため、理論的には栽培手段の側方に作業用通路は確保される。しかしながら、特許文献１に開示された栽培装置の場合、栽培手段の上下動は、作業者が栽培手段を直接引き下げることにより行うものである。従って、一方の栽培手段を引き下げた状態で作業を行うに当たっては、かかる位置における天秤棒の傾斜状態を維持するために、何らかのロック手段を設ける必要がある。しかしながら、栽培手段を直接把持して引き下げる構成であるため、栽培手段の引き下げ状態を維持しつつ、ロック手段を操作することは、作業者一人では困難である。また、天秤棒を用いることにより栽培手段の側方に作業用通路を確保することが理論的に可能であるとしても、特許文献１では、かかる作業用通路をできるだけ広く確保するための具体的手段は開示されていない。   However, in the case of a cultivation apparatus using a balance rod, since the two cultivation means approach each other at a horizontal distance due to the inclination of the balance rod, a working path is theoretically secured on the side of the cultivation means. . However, in the case of the cultivation apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, the vertical movement of the cultivation means is performed by the operator pulling down the cultivation means directly. Therefore, when the work is carried out with one of the cultivation means lowered, it is necessary to provide some locking means in order to maintain the inclined state of the balance bar at this position. However, since the cultivation means is directly gripped and lowered, it is difficult for one operator to operate the locking means while maintaining the lowered state of the cultivation means. Moreover, even if it is theoretically possible to secure a working path on the side of the cultivation means by using a balance rod, in Patent Document 1, specific means for securing such a working path as widely as possible is Not disclosed.

さらに、特許文献１に開示された栽培装置は、温室内において、それぞれ２つの栽培手段を支持する滑車又は天秤棒を、温室の側面間に並列に配置する構成が示されているが、温室の大きさ（側面間の距離又は妻面間の距離）は様々であり、かかる栽培装置を温室の側面間又は妻面間に、端から端まで必ずしも有効に配設できるとは限らず、壁部付近（側面付近又は妻面付近）や中央付近などに、このような栽培装置を配設するには不十分なデッドスペースを生じる場合もある。   Furthermore, the cultivation apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 shows a configuration in which pulleys or balance rods that support two cultivation means are arranged in parallel between the sides of the greenhouse in the greenhouse. The length (distance between side surfaces or distance between wife surfaces) varies, and it is not always possible to effectively arrange such a cultivation apparatus from side to side of a greenhouse or between wife surfaces, from the end to the end, near the wall In some cases, a dead space that is insufficient for arranging such a cultivation device (near the side surface or near the wife surface) or near the center may occur.

また、特許文献１の栽培装置は、断面略方形の長尺な栽培容器を栽培手段として用いている。すなわち、栽培手段を上下移動させるものでありながら、地面や棚上に載置して用いられる一般に普及している栽培手段（栽培容器）をそのまま用いている。このため、その内部に充填される培地量が多く、重量が重いことから、上下移動させる作業も容易ではない。また、培地を充填した栽培手段（栽培容器）の重量が重いため、上下移動可能に支持するに当たっては、栽培手段を備えた栽培装置を、強度の高い温室の梁などに取り付けることが必須であり、設置場所も制限される。   Moreover, the cultivation apparatus of patent document 1 uses the elongate cultivation container of cross-sectional substantially square shape as a cultivation means. That is, while the cultivation means is moved up and down, a generally popular cultivation means (cultivation container) that is used while being placed on the ground or a shelf is used as it is. For this reason, since the amount of the medium filled therein is large and the weight is heavy, the operation of moving up and down is not easy. In addition, since the weight of the cultivation means (cultivation container) filled with the medium is heavy, it is essential to attach the cultivation apparatus equipped with the cultivation means to a beam of a high-strength greenhouse or the like when supporting it so as to be movable up and down. The installation location is also limited.

本発明は上記に鑑みなされたものであり、作業用通路を栽培手段の側方に容易な操作で確保でき、また、複数列の栽培手段を、高さを異ならせた状態で容易に維持でき、作業しやすい状態に容易に設定することが可能な植物栽培装置を提供することを課題とする。また、本発明は、複数の栽培手段をできるだけ近接させ、栽培手段の側方にできるだけ広い作業用通路を確保できる植物栽培装置を提供することを課題とする。また、本発明は、複数列の栽培手段に対し、高さを異ならせた状態でも、同時に作業を施すことが可能な植物栽培装置を提供することを課題とする。さらに、本発明は、複数列の栽培手段を支持する上記植物栽培装置を温室内に並列配置することによって、壁部付近（側面付近又は妻面付近）や中央付近等に生じるスペースを有効利用するのに適し、温室内の実質上の栽培面積をさらに高めることができる植物栽培装置を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and can secure a working path to the side of the cultivation means by an easy operation, and can easily maintain a plurality of rows of cultivation means at different heights. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant cultivation apparatus that can be easily set in a state where it is easy to work. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the plant cultivation apparatus which can ensure the widest path | route for a work as much as possible by making a some cultivation means close as much as possible, and the side of the cultivation means. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the plant cultivation apparatus which can perform a work | work simultaneously also in the state which varied height with respect to the cultivation means of several rows. Furthermore, the present invention effectively utilizes the space generated near the wall (near the side or near the wife), near the center, or the like by arranging the plant cultivation devices that support a plurality of rows of cultivation means in parallel in the greenhouse. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant cultivation device that is suitable for the above and can further increase the substantial cultivation area in the greenhouse .

上記した課題を解決するため、請求項１記載の本発明では、支持部材により、所定の高さに回転可能に支持された回転軸と、
前記回転軸を回転させる操作手段と、
栽培手段を複数列で吊り下げ支持可能であり、前記回転軸の支持高さよりも下方であって、前記回転軸の長手方向に対して略直交する方向に沿って配置される棒状の保持部材と、
各端部が共に前記支持部材に固定され、中途部が前記回転軸に巻き掛けられると共に、各端部と回転軸に巻き掛けられる中途部との間が、それぞれ前記保持部材に設けた係合部に巻き掛けられて配設される駆動用紐部材と
を具備し、前記回転軸を回転させることにより、前記駆動用紐部材を介して保持部材の傾斜角度を調整し、保持部材に支持される各栽培手段の上下高さを調整可能としたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項２記載の本発明では、前記回転軸を任意の回転量でロックさせることができるロック機構を備えていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項３記載の本発明では、前記駆動用紐部材の各端部の前記支持部材に対する取り付け位置が、該支持部材に支持される回転軸に対し、平面視で近接した位置となっていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項４記載の本発明では、前記駆動用紐部材の各端部の前記支持部材に対する取り付け位置が、該支持部材に支持される回転軸の配設位置よりも上方であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項５記載の本発明では、前記保持部材は、前記栽培手段を各端部付近で支持可能に設けられ、
前記係合部は、前記保持部材に所定間隔をおいて一対設けられ、各係合部が、前記保持部材の長手方向中央部からの離間距離で、それぞれ保持部材の全長の１／８〜１／４の範囲内となる位置に取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項６記載の本発明では、前記保持部材の長さ、前記係合部の保持部材への取り付け位置、及び前記駆動用紐部材の長さが、前記回転軸を回転させて前記保持部材を最大限傾斜させた場合で、作業用通路面から各栽培手段を構成する培地上面までの高さが、０．１ｍ〜２ｍの範囲内に収まるように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項７記載の本発明では、前記支持部材が、さらに、前記回転軸に対して略直交する方向であって、所定の高さで略水平に伸びる水平架台部を備える一方、
前記水平架台部に対して略直交する方向に沿って配設され、水平架台部の長さ方向に転動可能に設けられた転動軸を有し、
前記転動軸にも、栽培手段を吊り下げ支持可能であることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。
請求項８記載の本発明では、前記栽培手段が、内部に植物が植えられる培地を充填可能であると共に、下端に向かうほど対向する側壁間の間隔が狭くなる断面略逆三角形に形成された長尺な栽培容器からなることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置を提供する。 In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention according to claim 1, a rotating shaft that is rotatably supported at a predetermined height by a support member;
Operating means for rotating the rotating shaft;
A rod-shaped holding member that can support the cultivation means in a plurality of rows and is disposed below the support height of the rotary shaft and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft; ,
Both end portions are fixed to the support member, and midway portions are wound around the rotating shaft, and between the end portions and intermediate portions wound around the rotating shaft are respectively provided on the holding member. And a driving string member wound around the portion, and by rotating the rotating shaft, the inclination angle of the holding member is adjusted via the driving string member and is supported by the holding member. A plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that the vertical height of each cultivation means can be adjusted.
In this invention of Claim 2, the locking mechanism which can lock the said rotating shaft by arbitrary rotation amount is provided, The plant cultivation apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned is provided.
In this invention of Claim 3, the attachment position with respect to the said supporting member of each edge part of the said drive string member is a position which adjoined by the planar view with respect to the rotating shaft supported by this supporting member. A plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that:
In this invention of Claim 4, the attachment position with respect to the said supporting member of each edge part of the said drive string member is above the arrangement | positioning position of the rotating shaft supported by this supporting member, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The plant cultivation apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 is provided.
In this invention of Claim 5 , the said holding member is provided so that the said cultivation means can be supported by each edge part vicinity,
A pair of the engaging portions are provided at predetermined intervals on the holding member, and each engaging portion is a distance from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the holding member, and is 1/8 to 1 of the entire length of the holding member. The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the plant cultivation apparatus is attached to a position within a range of / 4.
In this invention of Claim 6, the length of the said holding member, the attachment position to the holding member of the said engaging part, and the length of the said string member for a drive rotate the said rotating shaft, and hold | maintain the said holding member. The height from the working path surface to the upper surface of the medium constituting each cultivation means is set to fall within a range of 0.1 m to 2 m when tilted to the maximum. The plant cultivation apparatus of any one of 1-5 is provided.
In this invention of Claim 7 , while the said supporting member is further provided in the direction substantially orthogonal to the said rotating shaft, Comprising: While providing the horizontal mount part extended substantially horizontally by predetermined | prescribed height,
The rolling shaft is disposed along a direction substantially perpendicular to the horizontal gantry, and has a rolling shaft provided so as to be able to roll in the length direction of the horizontal gantry.
The plant cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the rolling means can also be supported by hanging the cultivation means.
In this invention of Claim 8, while the said cultivation means can be filled with the culture medium in which a plant is planted inside, the length formed in the cross-section substantially inverted triangle where the space | interval between the opposing side walls becomes narrow toward the lower end. The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the plant cultivation apparatus comprises a long cultivation container.

本発明の植物栽培装置は、操作手段により回転軸を回転させることにより、保持部材を傾斜させ、各栽培手段の上下高さを異ならせることができる。従って、作業用通路を栽培手段の側方に容易な操作で確保できる。また、操作手段により、回転軸を所定の回転量でロックさせることができるため、複数の栽培手段を、高さを異ならせた状態で容易に維持でき、作業しやすい状態に容易に設定することができる。   The plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention can tilt the holding member by rotating the rotation shaft by the operation means, and can vary the vertical height of each cultivation means. Therefore, it is possible to secure the working path to the side of the cultivation means with an easy operation. In addition, since the rotation shaft can be locked at a predetermined rotation amount by the operation means, the plurality of cultivation means can be easily maintained in a state where the heights are different, and can be easily set in a state where it is easy to work. Can do.

また、駆動用紐部材の各端部の取り付け位置や保持部材に支持される係合部の取り付け位置を所定の位置とすることにより、保持部材の最大傾斜角度を大きくとることができ、複数の栽培手段をできるだけ近接させ、栽培手段の側方に確保される作業用通路を広くとることができる。また、各栽培手段の上下移動高さを所定の範囲となるように調整することにより、複数の栽培手段に対し、高さを異ならせた状態でも、同時に作業を施すことが可能となり、作業効率の向上に資する。   In addition, by setting the attachment position of each end of the drive string member and the attachment position of the engaging part supported by the holding member to a predetermined position, the maximum inclination angle of the holding member can be increased, and a plurality of The cultivation means can be made as close as possible, and the working path secured on the side of the cultivation means can be widened. Also, by adjusting the vertical movement height of each cultivation means so as to be within a predetermined range, it is possible to work on a plurality of cultivation means at the same time, even when the heights are different, and work efficiency Contribute to improvement.

さらに、温室の中央付近や壁部付近等に形成される狭いスペースに配置される植物栽培装置として、栽培手段が略水平に移動する構造を有するものを用いることにより、温室内をさらに有効利用でき、デッドスペースを最小限に抑えることができる植物栽培設備を提供できる。   Furthermore, as a plant cultivation device placed in a narrow space formed near the center or near the wall of the greenhouse, the inside of the greenhouse can be used more effectively by using a device that has a structure in which the cultivation means moves substantially horizontally. Plant cultivation equipment that can minimize dead space can be provided.

また、断面略逆三角形に形成された栽培容器は、植物の植え付け面積を減少させることなく、培地を充填した際の重量を軽くすることができるため、栽培手段を吊り下げ支持して上下動させる植物栽培装置又は植物栽培設備に用いるの適する。   In addition, the cultivation container formed in a substantially inverted triangle cross section can reduce the weight when filled with the culture medium without reducing the planting area of the plant, so that the cultivation means is suspended and supported to move up and down. Suitable for use in plant cultivation equipment or plant cultivation equipment.

以下、図面に示した実施の形態に基づき本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。図１は、本実施形態にかかる植物栽培装置１を示す正面図である。この図に示したように、本実施形態の植物栽培装置１は、支持部材１０により支持された回転軸２０と、該回転軸に支持される保持部材３０と、該保持部材３０に取り付けられる一対の係合部としてのプーリ４０，４１と、駆動用紐部材５０とを有して構成される。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 20 supported by a support member 10, a holding member 30 supported by the rotating shaft, and a pair attached to the holding member 30. Pulleys 40 and 41 as the engaging portions, and a drive string member 50.

回転軸２０を支持する支持部材１０は、図１に示したように、温室内の地面に立設して設けられ、例えば、温室の長手方向に沿って、すなわち、温室の側面に略平行に所定間隔ごとに複数配設される。支持部材１０は、所定の高さの位置に回転軸２０を回転可能に支持する軸受け部が設けられている。本実施形態においては、支持部材１０として、２本の略Ｌ字状のパイプ材１１，１１を用い、このパイプ材１１，１１を背中合わせで数ｃｍ間隔で配置して、該パイプ材１１，１１間に所定の高さでスペーサ部材１２を固定し、パイプ材１１，１１間の隙間とこのスペーサ部材１２とにより軸受け部を構成している。すなわち、回転軸２０は、軸受け部を構成するスペーサ部材１２上に配置されて支持される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the support member 10 that supports the rotating shaft 20 is provided to stand on the ground in the greenhouse, for example, along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse, that is, substantially parallel to the side surface of the greenhouse. A plurality are arranged at predetermined intervals. The support member 10 is provided with a bearing portion that rotatably supports the rotary shaft 20 at a predetermined height. In this embodiment, two substantially L-shaped pipe members 11, 11 are used as the support member 10, and the pipe members 11, 11 are arranged back and forth at intervals of several centimeters. The spacer member 12 is fixed at a predetermined height therebetween, and a bearing portion is constituted by the gap between the pipe members 11 and 11 and the spacer member 12. That is, the rotating shaft 20 is disposed and supported on the spacer member 12 constituting the bearing portion.

なお、支持部材１０は、回転軸２０を回転可能に所定の高さで支持できるものであれば良く、地面に立設して配置する場合に限らず、温室の天井部等を構成する骨組み材によって支持されるものであってもよい。また、回転軸２０を回転可能に支持できる限り、図１に示したような構造のものに限定されるものではない。   The support member 10 only needs to be able to support the rotary shaft 20 at a predetermined height so as to be rotatable. It may be supported by. Moreover, as long as the rotating shaft 20 can be rotatably supported, it is not limited to the structure as shown in FIG.

回転軸２０は、上記のように支持部材１０のスペーサ部材１２上に配設されるが、回転軸２０を回転させる操作手段は任意であり、回転軸２０の長手方向の端部に接続されるハンドル（図示せず）等から構成することができる。また、手動に限らず、モータ駆動によって回転させることもできる。また、ハンドル等の操作手段と回転軸２０との間に、ギア部材等を配設して連結することも可能である。但し、後述の保持部材３０を任意の傾斜角度で維持するため、回転軸２０を任意の回転量でロックさせるロック機構を備えていることが好ましい。このロック機構としては、例えば、回転軸２０とハンドルとの間のクラッチを設け、ハンドルを操作している手を離すなど、操作手段側の負荷がなくなった際に、逆方向への回転を阻止する機構としたり、ハンドルを支持部材１０を構成するパイプ材１１，１１に任意に係合可能としたりする機構を採用することができるが、回転軸２０を任意の回転量で回転不能にロックできるものであれば、その構成は何ら限定されるものではない。   The rotating shaft 20 is disposed on the spacer member 12 of the support member 10 as described above, but an operation means for rotating the rotating shaft 20 is arbitrary, and is connected to an end portion of the rotating shaft 20 in the longitudinal direction. A handle (not shown) or the like can be used. Further, it is not limited to manual operation, and it can be rotated by motor drive. Further, a gear member or the like may be disposed and connected between the operating means such as a handle and the rotating shaft 20. However, in order to maintain the holding member 30 described later at an arbitrary inclination angle, it is preferable to include a lock mechanism that locks the rotary shaft 20 with an arbitrary rotation amount. As this locking mechanism, for example, a clutch is provided between the rotary shaft 20 and the handle, and when the load on the operating means is removed, such as releasing the hand operating the handle, the reverse rotation is prevented. It is possible to employ a mechanism that allows the handle to be arbitrarily engaged with the pipe members 11 and 11 constituting the support member 10, but the rotation shaft 20 can be locked to be unrotatable with an arbitrary amount of rotation. If it is a thing, the structure will not be limited at all.

保持部材３０は、回転軸２０の支持高さよりも下方であって、回転軸２０の長手方向に対して略直交する方向に配置される棒状（長板状）の部材から構成される。保持部材３０は、その各端部付近に栽培手段６０，６１を吊り下げ支持するものであり、回転軸２０の長手方向に任意の間隔をおいて、本実施形態では、温室の側面に略平行な方向に任意の間隔をおいて複数配設される。各栽培手段６０，６１は、通常、０．５〜５ｍ程度の長尺なものが用いられるため、保持部材３０は、かかる栽培手段６０，６１の両端付近を支持可能な位置に設けられる。また、各端部付近で支持する栽培手段６０，６１のバランスを保つため、好ましくは、保持部材３０の長手方向中央部が、回転軸２０のほぼ真下となるように、後述のプーリ４０，４１及び駆動用紐部材５０を介して設けられる。   The holding member 30 is composed of a rod-shaped (long plate-shaped) member disposed below the support height of the rotating shaft 20 and in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 20. The holding member 30 suspends and supports the cultivating means 60 and 61 in the vicinity of each end thereof. In the present embodiment, the holding member 30 is substantially parallel to the side surface of the greenhouse at an arbitrary interval in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 20. A plurality are arranged at arbitrary intervals in various directions. Since each cultivation means 60 and 61 is usually a long one of about 0.5 to 5 m, the holding member 30 is provided at a position capable of supporting the vicinity of both ends of the cultivation means 60 and 61. Moreover, in order to maintain the balance of the cultivation means 60 and 61 supported in the vicinity of each end, preferably the pulleys 40 and 41 described later so that the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the holding member 30 is almost directly below the rotation shaft 20. And a drive string member 50.

保持部材３０に栽培手段６０，６１を吊り下げ支持する手段は任意であり、例えば、図１に示したように、保持部材３０の各端部付近に支持用突起３１を設け、該支持用突起３１に紐状部材６２を介して栽培手段６０，６１を吊り下げることができる。なお、栽培手段６０，６１としては、例えば、長さ０．５〜５ｍ程度、幅５〜５０ｃｍ程度の長尺な箱状部材からなり、布、プラスチック、金属等から形成され、内部に培地を充填可能な栽培容器を用いることができる。但し、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、鉢、あるいは家庭園芸などで用いられる小型のプランターなどを上記した紐状部材６２に個別に支持させて用いることもできる。また、適宜の長さ及び幅を有するトレーのような載置部材に、鉢やプランターなどを複数載置させ、これを栽培手段として支持させることもできる。   The means for suspending and supporting the cultivation means 60 and 61 on the holding member 30 is arbitrary. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, support protrusions 31 are provided near each end of the holding member 30, and the support protrusions are provided. The cultivating means 60 and 61 can be suspended from 31 via the string-like member 62. In addition, as cultivation means 60 and 61, for example, it is formed of a long box-shaped member having a length of about 0.5 to 5 m and a width of about 5 to 50 cm, and is formed of cloth, plastic, metal, etc. Fillable cultivation containers can be used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a small planter or the like used in pots or home gardening can be individually supported on the above-described string-like member 62 and used. Moreover, a plurality of pots, planters, and the like can be placed on a placing member such as a tray having an appropriate length and width and supported as a cultivation means.

保持部材３０には、一対の係合部を構成する２つのプーリ４０，４１が互いに所定間隔をおいて取り付けられる。２つのプーリ４０，４１の取り付け位置は、好ましくは、保持部材３０の長手方向中央部から各プーリ４０，４１までの離間距離が等距離となるように設ける。これにより、保持部材３０に支持される栽培手段６０，６１のバランスを図ることができる。また、保持部材３０の長手方向中央部から各プーリ４０，４１までの離間距離は、それぞれ、保持部材３０の全長の１／８〜１／４の範囲内に設定されることが好ましい。これにより、駆動用紐部材５０を介して回転軸２０に支持される保持部材３０が、各端部付近に吊り下げられる栽培手段６０，６１を略水平状態で保つことが可能である一方で、多少不安定な状態で支持することになるため、小さな荷重バランスの崩れで、栽培手段６０の一方と他方との上下高さを異ならせることができる。従って、操作手段を介しての回転軸２０の操作時の作業負荷を小さくすることができる。また、保持部材３０が傾斜すると、各端部付近に支持された栽培手段６０，６１同士は、平面視で相対的に接近し、その水平距離が狭まるが、プーリ４０，４１の取り付け位置を上記の範囲とすることにより、保持部材３０の傾斜角度を大きくとることができ、栽培手段６０，６１間の水平距離を狭め、栽培手段６０，６１の側方に形成される作業用通路の幅を大きくとるのに有効である。   Two pulleys 40 and 41 constituting a pair of engaging portions are attached to the holding member 30 at a predetermined interval. The attachment positions of the two pulleys 40 and 41 are preferably provided such that the separation distances from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the holding member 30 to the pulleys 40 and 41 are equal. Thereby, the balance of the cultivation means 60 and 61 supported by the holding member 30 can be aimed at. Further, it is preferable that the separation distance from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the holding member 30 to each of the pulleys 40 and 41 is set within a range of 1/8 to 1/4 of the entire length of the holding member 30. Thereby, while the holding member 30 supported by the rotating shaft 20 via the drive string member 50 can keep the cultivation means 60 and 61 suspended near each end in a substantially horizontal state, Since it will be supported in a somewhat unstable state, the vertical height of one and the other of the cultivation means 60 can be varied with a small disruption of the load balance. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work load when operating the rotary shaft 20 via the operating means. In addition, when the holding member 30 is inclined, the cultivation means 60 and 61 supported in the vicinity of each end relatively approach each other in a plan view, and the horizontal distance thereof is narrowed. By setting it as the range, the inclination angle of the holding member 30 can be increased, the horizontal distance between the cultivation means 60 and 61 is narrowed, and the width of the working passage formed on the side of the cultivation means 60 and 61 is increased. It is effective to take large.

これに対し、上記離間距離が、保持部材３０の全長の１／８より短い場合には、保持部材３０の最大傾斜角度をより大きくとることができるものの、バランスを保つことが困難となり、２列の栽培手段６０，６１を安定した傾斜角度で保持することができない。また、保持部材３０の全長の１／４より長い場合には、操作手段によって回転軸２０を操作する際の作業負荷が大きくなると共に、保持部材３０の最大傾斜角度が小さくなり、栽培手段６０，６１間のより幅（水平距離）が、あまり狭くならず、栽培手段６０，６１の側方に形成される作業用通路の幅を大きくとることができない。なお、一対の係合部は、駆動用紐部材５０を係合させると共に、回転軸２０の回転による該駆動用紐部材５０との係合位置の変更が速やかに行われるものであればよく、本実施形態のプーリ（「ローラ部材」も含む）４０，４１のように回転可能に支持されたものに限定されるものではない。但し、保持部材３０の傾斜動作をより速やかに行うためには、本実施形態のようにプーリ４０，４１を用いることが好ましい。   On the other hand, when the separation distance is shorter than 1/8 of the entire length of the holding member 30, the maximum inclination angle of the holding member 30 can be increased, but it is difficult to maintain the balance, and two rows The cultivation means 60 and 61 cannot be held at a stable inclination angle. Moreover, when it is longer than 1/4 of the full length of the holding member 30, while the work load at the time of operating the rotating shaft 20 by an operation means becomes large, the maximum inclination angle of the holding member 30 becomes small, the cultivation means 60, The width (horizontal distance) between 61 is not so narrow, and the width of the working path formed on the side of the cultivation means 60, 61 cannot be increased. The pair of engaging portions may be any ones that engage the driving string member 50 and can quickly change the engagement position with the driving string member 50 by the rotation of the rotating shaft 20. The pulleys (including “roller members”) 40 and 41 of the present embodiment are not limited to those supported rotatably. However, in order to perform the tilting operation of the holding member 30 more quickly, it is preferable to use the pulleys 40 and 41 as in the present embodiment.

駆動用紐部材５０は、各端部５１，５２が支持部材１０に固定され、中途部５３が回転軸２０に巻き掛けられていると共に、各端部５１，５２と該中途部５３との間の部位５４，５５が上記プーリ４０，４１の下側に巻き掛けられて配設される。駆動用紐部材５０の各端部５１，５２は、支持部材１０において、軸受け部を構成するスペーサ部材１２に支持された回転軸２０に、平面視でできるだけ近接して取り付けられることが好ましい。各端部５１，５２同士が、より離間している場合と比較して、保持部材３０の最大傾斜角度を大きくとることができる。また、両者とも、回転軸２０を中心として近接させることで、保持部材３０及び栽培手段６０，６１をバランス良く支持することができる。各端部５１，５２間の水平距離は、２０ｃｍ以下が好ましく、さらには１０ｃｍ以下がより好ましい。   The drive string member 50 has the end portions 51 and 52 fixed to the support member 10, the midway portion 53 wound around the rotary shaft 20, and the end portions 51 and 52 and the midway portion 53. The parts 54 and 55 are wound around the lower side of the pulleys 40 and 41. The end portions 51 and 52 of the drive string member 50 are preferably attached to the support member 10 as close as possible to the rotary shaft 20 supported by the spacer member 12 constituting the bearing portion in a plan view. The maximum inclination angle of the holding member 30 can be increased as compared with the case where the end portions 51 and 52 are further apart from each other. Moreover, both can support the holding member 30 and the cultivation means 60 and 61 in a well-balanced manner by bringing the rotating shaft 20 close to the center. The horizontal distance between the end portions 51 and 52 is preferably 20 cm or less, and more preferably 10 cm or less.

また、保持部材３０の最大傾斜角度をより大きくとるためには、駆動用紐部材５０の各端部５１，５２は、回転軸２０の配設位置よりも上方で、支持部材１０に取り付けられることが好ましい。   Further, in order to make the maximum inclination angle of the holding member 30 larger, the end portions 51 and 52 of the drive string member 50 are attached to the support member 10 above the position where the rotary shaft 20 is disposed. Is preferred.

ここで、本実施形態においては、上記した各栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを異ならせるように保持部材３０を傾斜させることで、各栽培手段６０，６１の側方に作業用通路を確保するものであり、作業者が、確保される作業用通路から、いずれの栽培手段６０，６１に対しても作業しやすくなる範囲で各栽培手段６０，６１の高さが調整される必要がある。従って、保持部材３０を最大限傾斜させた場合で、低い方と高い方の各栽培手段６０，６１を構成する植物を植えるための培地上面までの作業用通路面からの高さが、０．１〜２ｍの範囲内、好ましくは０．２〜１．８ｍの範囲内、より好ましくは、０．３〜１．６ｍの範囲内に収まるように、上記した支持部材１０の高さ、該支持部材１０における回転軸２０の支持高さ、保持部材３０の長さ、駆動用紐部材５０の長さ、プーリ４０，４１の取り付け位置、駆動用紐部材５０の各端部５１，５２の取り付け位置を調整する。   Here, in this embodiment, the holding member 30 is inclined so that the vertical heights of the above-described cultivation means 60 and 61 are different, thereby securing a working path on the side of the cultivation means 60 and 61. Therefore, the height of each cultivation means 60, 61 needs to be adjusted within a range in which the worker can easily work on any cultivation means 60, 61 from the secured work path. . Therefore, when the holding member 30 is inclined to the maximum extent, the height from the working passage surface to the upper surface of the medium for planting the plants constituting the lower and higher cultivation means 60 and 61 is 0. The height of the support member 10 described above so as to be within the range of 1 to 2 m, preferably within the range of 0.2 to 1.8 m, and more preferably within the range of 0.3 to 1.6 m. The support height of the rotary shaft 20 in the member 10, the length of the holding member 30, the length of the driving string member 50, the attachment positions of the pulleys 40 and 41, and the attachment positions of the end portions 51 and 52 of the driving string member 50. Adjust.

但し、この場合において、駆動用紐部材５０の各端部５１，５２の取り付け位置を回転軸２０より上方にしたり、プーリ４０，４１の保持部材３０の取り付け位置を上記したように限定した範囲で設定することにより、保持部材３０の最大傾斜角度が大きくなるため、各栽培手段６０，６１の最上昇時と最下降時の高さを上記範囲内に収めた上で、植物栽培装置１全体の大きさをよりコンパクトにすることが可能となる。   However, in this case, the attachment positions of the end portions 51 and 52 of the drive string member 50 are set above the rotary shaft 20 and the attachment positions of the holding members 30 of the pulleys 40 and 41 are limited as described above. Since the maximum inclination angle of the holding member 30 is increased by setting, the height of each cultivation means 60, 61 at the time of the highest rise and the lowest drop is within the above range, and then the entire plant cultivation apparatus 1 is set. It becomes possible to make the size more compact.

本実施形態の植物栽培装置１は、図２及び図３に示したように、例えば、温室の妻面方向に並列に複数設置され、これにより、一つの植物栽培設備を構成する。各植物栽培装置１間の並列方向の離間距離は、全ての保持部材３０を略水平に保った際に、作業者が通行できる程度か、あるいはそれ以下であってもよい。各栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを調整できない従来の植物栽培装置においては、並列に設置される植物栽培装置間には、単に通行するだけでなく、作業を施すのに十分な幅の作業用通路を必要としていたが、本実施形態によれば、作業に必要なスペースを各栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さの調整によって確保できるため、各植物栽培装置１をより近接させて配置することが可能で、温室内における有効栽培面積を高めることができる。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, a plurality of plant cultivation apparatuses 1 according to the present embodiment are installed in parallel in the direction of the wife's wife, thereby constituting one plant cultivation facility. The separation distance in the parallel direction between the plant cultivation apparatuses 1 may be such that the operator can pass through or not less than when all the holding members 30 are kept substantially horizontal. In the conventional plant cultivation apparatus in which the vertical height of each cultivation means 60, 61 cannot be adjusted, work between the plant cultivation apparatuses installed in parallel is not only simply passed, but also has a width sufficient to perform the work. However, according to the present embodiment, the space required for the work can be secured by adjusting the vertical height of the cultivation means 60, 61, and therefore the plant cultivation devices 1 are arranged closer to each other. It is possible to increase the effective cultivation area in the greenhouse.

本実施形態によれば、植物栽培装置１を上記のように配置した後、図３において左側に示した植物栽培装置１では、作業者が操作手段により、例えば、回転軸２０を時計回りに回転させ、適宜の回転量でロックする。これにより、駆動用紐部材５０のうち、回転軸２０を経て保持部材３０方向に引き出された部位の長さが変わり、該保持部材３０の右側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６０が下降し、左側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６１が上昇する。このため、各栽培手段６０，６１間の水平距離が短くなって接近する。   According to this embodiment, after arranging the plant cultivation apparatus 1 as described above, in the plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown on the left side in FIG. 3, for example, the operator rotates the rotary shaft 20 clockwise by the operating means. And lock with an appropriate amount of rotation. Thereby, the length of the site | part pulled out in the holding member 30 direction via the rotating shaft 20 among the drive string members 50 changes, and the cultivation means 60 supported near the right end portion of the holding member 30 is lowered, The cultivation means 61 supported near the left end rises. For this reason, the horizontal distance between each cultivation means 60 and 61 becomes short and approaches.

この結果、図２に示したような栽培手段６０，６１を略水平状態で保持している場合と比較し、各栽培手段６０，６１の側方の作業用通路の幅が広がる。複数並列配置された各植物栽培装置１に支持された栽培手段６０，６１に対して、作業を施す場合、このように、一つの植物栽培装置１の栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを異ならせれば、各栽培手段６０，６１の側方に形成される作業用通路の幅を、水平状態で保持していた際よりも広くすることができるが、該植物栽培装置１に隣接する植物栽培装置１においても、同様に、栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを異ならせるように動作させれば、隣接する植物栽培装置１間に形成される作業用通路の幅をより広く確保することができる。   As a result, compared with the case where the cultivation means 60 and 61 as shown in FIG. 2 are hold | maintained in a substantially horizontal state, the width | variety of the work path of the side of each cultivation means 60 and 61 spreads. When working with respect to the cultivation means 60 and 61 supported by each plant cultivation apparatus 1 arranged in parallel, the vertical heights of the cultivation means 60 and 61 of one plant cultivation apparatus 1 are thus different. If so, the width of the working path formed on the side of each cultivation means 60, 61 can be made wider than when held in a horizontal state, but the plant cultivation adjacent to the plant cultivation apparatus 1 Similarly, in the apparatus 1, if the cultivation means 60 and 61 are operated so as to have different vertical heights, it is possible to ensure a wider width of the working path formed between the adjacent plant cultivation apparatuses 1. it can.

例えば、図３の右側に示した植物栽培装置１のように、操作手段を用いて、上記と逆に回転軸２０を反時計回りに回し、適宜の回転量でロックする。これにより、該植物栽培装置１においては、保持部材３０の右側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６０が上昇して、左側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６１が下降し、各栽培手段６０，６１同士が接近し、図３の左側に示した植物栽培装置１との間の作業用通路の幅がさらに広くなる。   For example, like the plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown on the right side of FIG. 3, using the operating means, the rotating shaft 20 is rotated counterclockwise and locked with an appropriate amount of rotation. Thereby, in this plant cultivation apparatus 1, the cultivation means 60 supported near the right end part of the holding member 30 is raised, the cultivation means 61 supported near the left end part is lowered, and each cultivation means 60, 61 The two approach each other, and the width of the working passage between the plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown on the left side of FIG.

この場合、図３の右側に示した植物栽培装置１も、保持部材３０の右側端部に支持した栽培手段６０を下降させ、左側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６１を上昇させるように操作しても同様の効果が得られる。但し、上記のように、右側に示した植物栽培装置１においては、保持部材３０の左側端部付近に支持した栽培手段６１が下降するように動作させることで、２つの植物栽培装置１間において作業者が作業を行う場合、作業者の左右に位置する２つの栽培手段（左側に示した植物栽培装置１における保持部材３０の右側端部付近に支持された栽培手段６０と、右側に示した植物栽培装置１における保持部材３０の左側端部付近に支持された栽培手段６１）がほぼ同じ高さであれば、両者に対する作業が行いやすく、作業効率が向上する。   In this case, the plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown on the right side of FIG. 3 is also operated to lower the cultivation means 60 supported on the right end of the holding member 30 and raise the cultivation means 61 supported near the left end. However, the same effect can be obtained. However, as described above, in the plant cultivation device 1 shown on the right side, the cultivation means 61 supported in the vicinity of the left end of the holding member 30 is operated so as to move downward, so that the two plant cultivation devices 1 are moved. When an operator performs work, two cultivation means located on the left and right sides of the worker (cultivation means 60 supported near the right end of the holding member 30 in the plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown on the left side, and shown on the right side. If the cultivation means 61) supported in the vicinity of the left end of the holding member 30 in the plant cultivation apparatus 1 is substantially the same height, it is easy to work on both and work efficiency is improved.

また、本実施形態においては、各栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを異ならせるに当たって、作業者が各栽培手段６０，６１を把持して上下に動作させるのではなく、操作手段を介して回転軸２０を回転させるだけで上下高さを調整できる。従って、特許文献１で示された技術と比較し、栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを調整する際の作業負担が軽減される。また、回転軸２０を回転動作させて各栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを調整する構成であるため、各栽培手段６０，６１を適宜の高さに調整し、その位置で保持する際には、操作手段を介して、上記したように任意のロック機構により、回転軸２０の回転が停止するようにロックするだけでよい。従って、作業者は、栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを容易に調整した上で、適宜の高さで保持する作業も、一人で容易に行うことができる。   In the present embodiment, when the vertical heights of the cultivation means 60 and 61 are varied, the operator does not hold the cultivation means 60 and 61 and move them up and down, but rotates them through the operation means. The vertical height can be adjusted simply by rotating the shaft 20. Therefore, compared with the technique shown by patent document 1, the work burden at the time of adjusting the vertical height of the cultivation means 60 and 61 is reduced. Moreover, since it is the structure which rotates the rotating shaft 20 and adjusts the up-and-down height of each cultivation means 60 and 61, when adjusting each cultivation means 60 and 61 to an appropriate height and hold | maintaining in the position As described above, it is only necessary to lock the rotating shaft 20 so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 20 is stopped via the operation means. Therefore, the operator can easily adjust the vertical heights of the cultivation means 60 and 61 and can easily hold the cultivation means 60 and 61 alone.

また、上下高さを異ならせることができるため、一方の作業用通路から２つの栽培手段６０，６１の双方の植物に対して作業を施すことも可能である。さらに、操作手段によって回転軸２０を回転させ栽培手段６０，６１の上下高さを調整することによって、一方の栽培手段６０が他方の栽培手段６１の陰になることを防止したり、成長する植物同士が接触しないよう調整することも容易に行うことができる。   In addition, since the vertical height can be varied, it is possible to work on both plants of the two cultivation means 60 and 61 from one working path. Further, the rotating shaft 20 is rotated by the operating means to adjust the vertical height of the cultivation means 60, 61, thereby preventing one cultivation means 60 from being shaded by the other cultivation means 61 or growing plants. It can also be easily adjusted so that they do not contact each other.

一方、上記した植物栽培装置１には、保持部材３０によって２つの栽培手段６０，６１が支持されている。従って、これらを温室の妻面方向に沿って並列配置した場合、温室の大きさによっては、温室の壁部付近や中央部付近などに、該植物栽培装置１を配設するのには不十分な狭いスペースを生じる場合がある。   On the other hand, two cultivation means 60 and 61 are supported by the holding member 30 in the plant cultivation apparatus 1 described above. Accordingly, when these are arranged in parallel along the direction of the concavity of the greenhouse, depending on the size of the greenhouse, it is not sufficient to arrange the plant cultivation apparatus 1 near the wall or central part of the greenhouse. A narrow space may be generated.

そこで、このような狭いスペースには、上記した植物栽培装置１に隣接させて、必要に応じて、栽培手段を略水平に移動させ、そこに必要な幅の作業用通路を確保できる構造の植物栽培装置を配置すれば、温室内の有効栽培面積をさらに向上させることができる。   Therefore, in such a narrow space, a plant having a structure that can be adjacent to the above-described plant cultivation apparatus 1 and move the cultivation means substantially horizontally as necessary to secure a work passage having a necessary width there. If a cultivation apparatus is arrange | positioned, the effective cultivation area in a greenhouse can further be improved.

従って、上記のような狭いスペースには、図４に示したような態様の植物栽培装置（以下、「第２の植物栽培装置」という）１００を配設することが好ましい。すなわち、第２の植物栽培装置１００は、支持部材１１０と転動軸１２０とを備えて構成される。支持部材１１０は、所定の高さで略水平に伸びる水平架台部１１１を有し、転動軸１２０は、この水平架台部１１１に対して略直交する方向に配置され、転動可能に設けられている。支持部材１１０を構成する水平架台部１１１は、温室の任意の骨組み材に支持させてもよく、また、略逆Ｔ字状のパイプ材を地面に立設して、該水平架台部１１１を単独で支持させることもできる。このような構成とした場合には、支持部材１１０と転動軸１２０を備えた第２の植物栽培装置１００は、上記した植物栽培装置（以下、「第１の植物栽培装置」という）とは別体に構成されることになるが、支持部材１１０の構成を簡略化するために、隣接する第１の植物栽培装置１，１の支持部材１０，１０のパイプ材１１，１１と、第２の植物栽培装置１００の支持部材１１０を構成する水平架台部１１１とを一体的に形成することが好ましい。   Therefore, it is preferable to arrange a plant cultivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “second plant cultivation apparatus”) 100 having an aspect as shown in FIG. 4 in the narrow space as described above. That is, the second plant cultivation device 100 is configured to include the support member 110 and the rolling shaft 120. The support member 110 has a horizontal gantry 111 that extends substantially horizontally at a predetermined height, and the rolling shaft 120 is disposed in a direction substantially orthogonal to the horizontal gantry 111 and is provided so as to be able to roll. ing. The horizontal gantry 111 constituting the support member 110 may be supported by an arbitrary frame material of a greenhouse, or a substantially inverted T-shaped pipe material is erected on the ground, and the horizontal gantry 111 is used alone. Can also be supported. When it is set as such a structure, the 2nd plant cultivation apparatus 100 provided with the supporting member 110 and the rolling shaft 120 is what was mentioned above plant cultivation apparatus (henceforth "1st plant cultivation apparatus"). Although it is configured separately, in order to simplify the configuration of the support member 110, the pipe materials 11, 11 of the support members 10, 10 of the adjacent first plant cultivation devices 1, 1, and the second It is preferable to integrally form the horizontal base 111 constituting the support member 110 of the plant cultivation apparatus 100.

すなわち、図４に示したように、隣接する第１の植物栽培装置１，１を構成するパイプ材１１，１１の上部を回転軸２０の配置方向に略直交する方向に略水平に延設し、かかる部位を、第２の植物栽培装置１００の水平架台部１１１として構成する。より具体的には、略コ字状に形成されたパイプ材１５０を用い、そのうちの各垂直部を第１の植物栽培装置１，１の支持部材１０，１０を構成するパイプ材１１，１１として用い、上辺部を第２の植物栽培装置１００の水平架台部１１１として用いている。   That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper portions of the pipe materials 11, 11 constituting the adjacent first plant cultivation devices 1, 1 are extended substantially horizontally in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of arrangement of the rotary shaft 20. Such a part is configured as the horizontal gantry 111 of the second plant cultivation apparatus 100. More specifically, the pipe material 150 formed in a substantially U-shape is used, and each vertical portion thereof is used as the pipe materials 11 and 11 constituting the support members 10 and 10 of the first plant cultivation apparatus 1 and 1. The upper side is used as the horizontal gantry 111 of the second plant cultivation apparatus 100.

転動軸１２０には、紐部材１３０などを介して他の栽培手段１４０が支持される。なお、転動軸１２０は、ハンドルやモータなどの操作手段（図示せず）が連結され、回転可能となっている。   Another cultivation means 140 is supported on the rolling shaft 120 via a string member 130 or the like. The rolling shaft 120 is connected to an operating means (not shown) such as a handle or a motor so as to be rotatable.

第２の植物栽培装置１００は、温室内において、上記のように、第１の植物栽培装置１を配設できないような狭いスペースに配置される。例えば、温室の妻面方向に平行に複数並列的に上記第１の植物栽培装置１を配置した場合には、水平架台部１１１が妻面に略平行となるようにこの第２の植物栽培装置１００を配置する。なお、第２の植物栽培装置１００を配置する上記のような狭いスペースが形成される場所は、温室の大きさ等の諸条件によって種々異なり、一定ではなく、温室の中央付近や壁部付近に限られるものではないことはもちろんである。   As described above, the second plant cultivation device 100 is disposed in a narrow space where the first plant cultivation device 1 cannot be disposed in the greenhouse. For example, when a plurality of the first plant cultivation devices 1 are arranged in parallel in the direction of the wife's wife surface, the second plant cultivation device so that the horizontal mount 111 is substantially parallel to the wife surface. 100 is arranged. In addition, the place where the above-mentioned narrow space where the second plant cultivation device 100 is arranged varies depending on various conditions such as the size of the greenhouse, and is not constant, near the center of the greenhouse or near the wall. Of course, it is not limited.

第２の植物栽培装置１００に支持された栽培手段１４０に対して作業を行う際には、転動軸１２０に連結される操作手段を操作して、該転動軸１２０をいずれかに転動させる。左方又は右方に転動させることにより、転動軸１２０に支持された栽培手段１４０の右方又は左方に、必要な幅の作業用通路を容易に確保できる。この場合も、作業者が栽培手段１４０を把持して移動させるのではなく、転動軸１２０の回転操作のみによって移動させることができるため、作業が容易である。なお、転動軸１２０に支持される栽培手段１４０は、転動軸１２０を回転させても上下高さが変わらず、水平移動するように支持することもできるし、転動軸１２０を回転させた際に、紐部材１３０が該転動軸１２０に巻き付き、栽培手段１４０の上下高さが変化するように支持することもできる。   When working on the cultivation means 140 supported by the second plant cultivation apparatus 100, the operation means connected to the rolling shaft 120 is operated to roll the rolling shaft 120 to any position. Let By rolling leftward or rightward, a working path having a necessary width can be easily secured on the right or left side of the cultivation means 140 supported by the rolling shaft 120. Also in this case, since the operator can move only by rotating the rolling shaft 120 instead of gripping and moving the cultivation means 140, the work is easy. It should be noted that the cultivation means 140 supported by the rolling shaft 120 can be supported so that the vertical height does not change even if the rolling shaft 120 is rotated, and the rolling shaft 120 is rotated. In this case, the string member 130 can be wound around the rolling shaft 120 and supported so that the vertical height of the cultivation means 140 changes.

また、水平架台部１１１に、転動軸１２０を複数本転動可能に支持し、複数の栽培手段１４０を各転動軸１２０に支持する構成とすることも可能である。この場合、各栽培手段１４０に植えられた植物が隣接するもの同士で接触したりしないように注意する必要があるが、水平架台部１１１の長さによっては可能である。また、水平架台部１１１に転動軸１２０を複数本支持する場合には、一方の栽培手段１４０が他方の栽培手段１４０の陰になったり、あるいは、成長する植物同士が接触しないようにするため、転動軸１２０を回転させた際には、紐部材１３０が巻き付けられ、上下高さが変化する構成とすることが好ましい。また、図４においては、水平架台部１１１を、第１の植物栽培装置１の支持部材１０における回転軸２０の高さよりも高い位置に設定している。従って、紐部材１３０が転動軸１２０に巻き付けられる構成とすれば、該紐部材１３０を転動軸１２０に巻き付けて栽培手段１４０を上方に移動させておくことにより、作業者はその下方で作業することも可能となり、第１の植物栽培装置１のみに対して作業を行う際には、第２の植物栽培装置１００の転動軸１２０をその度に動作させる必要もない。   Moreover, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of rolling shafts 120 are supported on the horizontal gantry 111 so as to be able to roll, and a plurality of cultivation means 140 are supported on each rolling shaft 120. In this case, care must be taken so that the plants planted in each cultivation means 140 do not come into contact with each other, but this is possible depending on the length of the horizontal gantry 111. In addition, when supporting a plurality of rolling shafts 120 on the horizontal gantry 111, one cultivation means 140 is behind the other cultivation means 140 or the growing plants do not come into contact with each other. When the rolling shaft 120 is rotated, it is preferable that the string member 130 is wound and the vertical height changes. In FIG. 4, the horizontal gantry 111 is set at a position higher than the height of the rotary shaft 20 in the support member 10 of the first plant cultivation device 1. Accordingly, if the string member 130 is wound around the rolling shaft 120, the operator can work underneath by moving the cultivation means 140 upward by winding the string member 130 around the rolling shaft 120. It is also possible to perform the operation on only the first plant cultivation apparatus 1, and it is not necessary to operate the rolling shaft 120 of the second plant cultivation apparatus 100 each time.

なお、上記実施形態においては、栽培手段６０，６１，１４０の構造を特定していないが、本発明において使用する栽培手段６０，６１，１４０としては、図５〜図９に示したような栽培容器２００を用いることが好ましい。この栽培容器２００は、内部に植物が植えられる培地を充填可能であると共に、下端に向かうほど対向する側壁２１０，２２０間の間隔が狭くなる断面略逆三角形に形成された長尺な部材からなる。長さ、幅は任意であるが、取り付けの便宜や植物の栽培植え付け面積等を考慮すると、長さ０．５〜５ｍ程度、幅（上面開口部２３０の幅）５〜５０ｃｍ程度が好ましい。図１〜図４に示したような断面略四角形の栽培手段６０，６１，１４０と比較し、培地の充填量が少なくて済み、培地を充填した際の重量を軽くすることが可能であり、本発明のように、栽培手段を上下動させる植物栽培装置に用いると、上下動させやすく、作業性を高めることができる。その一方で、上面開口部２３０の幅を、図１〜図４に示した断面略四角形のものの幅とほぼ同じかそれよりも広くすることにより、植物の植え付け面積が減少することもなく、少ない培地量であっても定植作業を行いやすい。なお、栽培容器２００の高さは任意であるが、栽培する植物（イチゴ等）の種類に応じ、それらの根が繁茂するのに適する高さが選定される。   In addition, in the said embodiment, although the structure of the cultivation means 60, 61, 140 is not specified, as the cultivation means 60, 61, 140 used in this invention, cultivation as shown in FIGS. It is preferable to use the container 200. The cultivation container 200 can be filled with a medium in which a plant is planted, and is composed of a long member formed in a substantially inverted triangular cross section in which the interval between the opposing side walls 210 and 220 becomes narrower toward the lower end. . The length and width are arbitrary, but considering the convenience of attachment, the cultivation planting area of the plant, etc., the length is preferably about 0.5 to 5 m and the width (width of the upper surface opening 230) is preferably about 5 to 50 cm. Compared with the cultivation means 60, 61, 140 having a substantially square cross section as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, it is possible to reduce the filling amount of the medium, and to reduce the weight when the medium is filled, When used in a plant cultivation apparatus that moves the cultivation means up and down as in the present invention, it is easy to move up and down and workability can be improved. On the other hand, by making the width of the upper surface opening 230 substantially the same as or wider than the width of the substantially rectangular section shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the planting area of the plant is not reduced and is small It is easy to carry out planting work even with a medium amount. In addition, although the height of the cultivation container 200 is arbitrary, according to the kind of plant (strawberry etc.) to grow, the height suitable for those roots to grow is selected.

このような断面略逆三角形の栽培容器２００は、地面や棚上に安定して載置することができないため、地面等に載置して使用される一般の栽培手段としては不向きであるが、本発明のように、栽培手段を吊り下げ支持し、かつそれを上下動させる場合には好適である。また、地面や棚上に安定して載置可能な栽培手段の場合、底部に設ける排液路は、安定して載置し得るだけの幅とするか、あるいは、排液路の外側に安定載置させるための脚部などを設ける必要がある。しかしながら、本実施形態の場合には、底部に設けた排液路２４０は、必要最小限の幅でよく、かつ、脚部なども必要がないため、形状が簡易で、製造コストも低く抑えられるという利点がある。また、断面略逆三角形状であるため、余剰の水や培養液は、速やかに排液路２４０へと流れ、排出口２４１を通じて外部へ排出される。このため、余剰水分の滞留による植物への悪影響を抑制するのにも適した構造である。
また、図示しないが、培地が通過せず、水（培養液）や根が通過可能な孔を備えた中敷き部材を、栽培容器２００内であって、排液路２４０を覆うように敷設することが好ましい。中敷き部材としては、硬質のプラスチック製のものであってもよいし、柔軟なシート状のものであってもよい。このような中敷き部材を敷設すると、培地が排液路２４０内に入り込んで排液口２４１を塞ぐことを防止できる。また、排液口２４１を排液路２４０内に所定の高さ突出させて設けてもよい。この場合には、排液口２４１が突出している高さ分、排液が排液路２４０に滞留するため、故障等により給液システムが稼働していないときでも、植物が水（培養液）を吸収することができ、栽培上の安全性が確保される。 Such a cultivation container 200 having a substantially inverted triangular cross section cannot be stably placed on the ground or a shelf, and thus is not suitable as a general cultivation means used by being placed on the ground or the like. As in the present invention, it is suitable when the cultivation means is suspended and supported and moved up and down. In addition, in the case of cultivation means that can be stably placed on the ground or shelf, the drainage path provided at the bottom should be wide enough to be stably placed or stable outside the drainage path. It is necessary to provide a leg or the like for mounting. However, in the case of the present embodiment, the drainage channel 240 provided at the bottom may have the minimum necessary width and does not require a leg or the like, so the shape is simple and the manufacturing cost can be kept low. There is an advantage. In addition, since the cross section is a substantially inverted triangular shape, surplus water and culture solution quickly flow into the drainage channel 240 and are discharged to the outside through the discharge port 241. For this reason, it is a structure suitable also for suppressing the bad influence to the plant by the retention of excess water.
In addition, although not shown, an insole member having a hole through which the medium does not pass and water (culture solution) and roots can pass is laid in the cultivation container 200 so as to cover the drainage channel 240. Is preferred. The insole member may be made of hard plastic or may be a flexible sheet. When such an insole member is laid, it is possible to prevent the culture medium from entering the drainage channel 240 and closing the drainage port 241. Further, the drainage port 241 may be provided so as to protrude into the drainage channel 240 at a predetermined height. In this case, since the drainage liquid stays in the drainage channel 240 by the height from which the drainage port 241 protrudes, even when the liquid supply system is not operating due to a failure or the like, the plant is water (culture solution). Can be absorbed, and safety in cultivation is ensured.

図１は、本発明の一の実施形態にかかる植物栽培装置を示す概略正面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a plant cultivation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、上記実施形態にかかる植物栽培装置を、栽培手段同士を略水平状態で複数並列に配置した状態を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which a plurality of plant cultivation devices according to the embodiment are arranged in parallel in a substantially horizontal state. 図３は、図２に示した各植物栽培装置の回転軸を所定量回転させ、各栽培手段の上下高さを異ならせた状態を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the rotation axis of each plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is rotated by a predetermined amount, and the vertical heights of the cultivation means are made different. 図４は、温室内に生じた狭いスペースに配置するのに適する植物栽培装置を用いた植物栽培設備を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a plant cultivation facility using a plant cultivation apparatus suitable for placement in a narrow space generated in a greenhouse. 図５は、本発明の植物栽培装置に用いるのに適する栽培容器を示す側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view showing a cultivation container suitable for use in the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. 図６は、図５の栽培容器の正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view of the cultivation container of FIG. 図７は、図５の栽培容器の平面図である。FIG. 7 is a plan view of the cultivation container of FIG. 図８は、図５の栽培容器の底面図である。FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the cultivation container of FIG. 図９は、図５のＡ−Ａ断面図である。9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 植物栽培装置（第１の植物栽培装置）
１０ 支持部材
２０ 回転軸
３０ 保持部材
４０，４１ プーリ
５０ 駆動用紐部材
６０，６１ 栽培手段
１００ 植物栽培装置（第２の植物栽培装置）
１１０ 支持部材
１１１ 水平架台部
１２０ 転動軸
１４０ 栽培手段
２００ 栽培容器 1 plant cultivation device (first plant cultivation device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Support member 20 Rotating shaft 30 Holding member 40, 41 Pulley 50 Drive string member 60, 61 Cultivation means 100 Plant cultivation device (second plant cultivation device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Support member 111 Horizontal mount part 120 Rolling shaft 140 Cultivation means 200 Cultivation container

Claims (8)

支持部材により、所定の高さに回転可能に支持された回転軸と、
前記回転軸を回転させる操作手段と、
栽培手段を複数列で吊り下げ支持可能であり、前記回転軸の支持高さよりも下方であって、前記回転軸の長手方向に対して略直交する方向に沿って配置される棒状の保持部材と、
各端部が共に前記支持部材に固定され、中途部が前記回転軸に巻き掛けられると共に、各端部と回転軸に巻き掛けられる中途部との間が、それぞれ前記保持部材に設けた係合部に巻き掛けられて配設される駆動用紐部材と
を具備し、前記回転軸を回転させることにより、前記駆動用紐部材を介して保持部材の傾斜角度を調整し、保持部材に支持される各栽培手段の上下高さを調整可能としたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置。 A rotating shaft supported rotatably by the support member at a predetermined height;
Operating means for rotating the rotating shaft;
A rod-shaped holding member that can support the cultivation means in a plurality of rows and is disposed below the support height of the rotary shaft and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft; ,
Both end portions are fixed to the support member, and midway portions are wound around the rotating shaft, and between the end portions and intermediate portions wound around the rotating shaft are respectively provided on the holding member. And a driving string member wound around the portion, and by rotating the rotating shaft, the inclination angle of the holding member is adjusted via the driving string member and is supported by the holding member. A plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that the height of each cultivation means can be adjusted. 前記回転軸を任意の回転量でロックさせることができるロック機構を備えていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の植物栽培装置。   The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a lock mechanism capable of locking the rotation shaft with an arbitrary amount of rotation. 前記駆動用紐部材の各端部の前記支持部材に対する取り付け位置が、該支持部材に支持される回転軸に対し、平面視で近接した位置となっていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の植物栽培装置。 Mounting position relative to the support member at each end of the drive cord member, the relative rotary shaft supported by the supporting member, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that has a position adjacent in plan view The plant cultivation apparatus as described. 前記駆動用紐部材の各端部の前記支持部材に対する取り付け位置が、該支持部材に支持される回転軸の配設位置よりも上方であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置。 Mounting position relative to the support member at each end of the drive cord member is any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is above the arrangement position of the rotary shaft supported by the support member 1 plant cultivation apparatus according to. 前記保持部材は、前記栽培手段を各端部付近で支持可能に設けられ、
前記係合部は、前記保持部材に所定間隔をおいて一対設けられ、各係合部が、前記保持部材の長手方向中央部からの離間距離で、それぞれ保持部材の全長の１／８〜１／４の範囲内となる位置に取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置。 The holding member is provided so as to be able to support the cultivation means in the vicinity of each end,
A pair of the engaging portions are provided at predetermined intervals on the holding member, and each engaging portion is a distance from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the holding member, and is 1/8 to 1 of the entire length of the holding member. that is attached to / 4 range and a position of the plant cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in. 前記保持部材の長さ、前記係合部の保持部材への取り付け位置、及び前記駆動用紐部材の長さが、前記回転軸を回転させて前記保持部材を最大限傾斜させた場合で、作業用通路面から各栽培手段を構成する培地上面までの高さが、０．１ｍ〜２ｍの範囲内に収まるように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置。 When the length of the holding member, the attachment position of the engaging portion to the holding member, and the length of the driving string member are adjusted so that the holding member is tilted to the maximum by rotating the rotating shaft. height from use path surface to medium upper surface constituting each cultivation unit, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is set to fall within a range of 0.1m~2m Plant cultivation equipment. 前記支持部材が、さらに、前記回転軸に対して略直交する方向であって、所定の高さで略水平に伸びる水平架台部を備える一方、
前記水平架台部に対して略直交する方向に沿って配設され、水平架台部の長さ方向に転動可能に設けられた転動軸を有し、
前記転動軸にも、栽培手段を吊り下げ支持可能であることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置。 The support member further includes a horizontal gantry portion extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis and extending substantially horizontally at a predetermined height,
The rolling shaft is disposed along a direction substantially orthogonal to the horizontal gantry, and is provided so as to be able to roll in the length direction of the horizontal gantry,
The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a cultivation means can be supported by being suspended from the rolling shaft. 前記栽培手段が、内部に植物が植えられる培地を充填可能であると共に、下端に向かうほど対向する側壁間の間隔が狭くなる断面略逆三角形に形成された長尺な栽培容器からなることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれか１に記載の植物栽培装置。 The cultivation means can be filled with a medium in which a plant is planted, and is composed of a long cultivation container formed in a substantially inverted triangular cross section in which the interval between opposing side walls becomes narrower toward the lower end. The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
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JPS5442306U (en) * 1977-08-30 1979-03-22
JPS5931847U (en) * 1982-08-25 1984-02-28 積水樹脂株式会社 Three-dimensional cultivation device
JPS6355843U (en) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-14
JPH08289667A (en) * 1995-04-24 1996-11-05 Hatsuo Honda Turning device for continuous culture bed
JP2000014250A (en) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-18 Fukuoka Marumoto Kk Cultivation apparatus

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