JP4563911B2 - Rubber cylinder - Google Patents

Rubber cylinder Download PDF

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JP4563911B2
JP4563911B2 JP2005292163A JP2005292163A JP4563911B2 JP 4563911 B2 JP4563911 B2 JP 4563911B2 JP 2005292163 A JP2005292163 A JP 2005292163A JP 2005292163 A JP2005292163 A JP 2005292163A JP 4563911 B2 JP4563911 B2 JP 4563911B2
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rubber
central axis
reinforcing cord
cylindrical
reinforcing
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JP2007100856A (en
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志津雄 横堀
満男 押方
一晴 上坪
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Toyo Tire Corp
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Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
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本発明は、筒状ゴム膜に補強コード層を設けてなり、例えば鉄道車両に装備される空気ばねのダイヤフラムとして使用されるゴム製筒体に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a rubber cylinder that is provided with a reinforcing cord layer on a cylindrical rubber film and is used, for example, as a diaphragm of an air spring installed in a railway vehicle.

一般に、鉄道車両などに装備される空気ばねは、一対の金具間にダイヤフラムとしてのゴム製筒体を止着した構造とされ、そのゴム製筒体には、耐圧補強用の補強コード層が埋設されている(例えば特許文献1)。   Generally, an air spring equipped in a railway vehicle or the like has a structure in which a rubber cylinder as a diaphragm is fixed between a pair of metal fittings, and a reinforcing cord layer for pressure-resistant reinforcement is embedded in the rubber cylinder. (For example, Patent Document 1).

補強コード層は、内面ゴム及び外面ゴム間に、平行に並べた複数本の補強コードを横糸で繋いだものを薄いシート状のゴムで包んで構成される幅広のプライを介在させてなり、バイアス裁断した二枚のプライをそのバイアス方向を互いに交差させて配置することにより、二層の補強コード層が形成される。プライは、その端部を折り返されて上下のビードワイヤに係止され、このビードワイヤが埋設されたゴム製筒体端部が上下の金具に止着されている。
特開2001−20148
The reinforcing cord layer is formed by interposing a wide ply between the inner rubber and outer rubber, in which a plurality of reinforcing cords arranged in parallel are connected with a weft thread and wrapped with a thin sheet of rubber, and biased. Two reinforced cord layers are formed by arranging two cut plies with their bias directions crossing each other. The ends of the ply are folded back and locked to the upper and lower bead wires, and the end portions of the rubber cylinder in which the bead wires are embedded are fixed to the upper and lower metal fittings.
JP 2001-20148 A

ところが、内面ゴム及び外面ゴム間に幅広のプライを介在させて補強コード層を形成するには、あらかじめ幅広のプライを製造する工程と、内面ゴムの周りに巻き付けたプライの端部外側にビードワイヤを巻き付ける工程と、プライの端部を折り返してビードワイヤに係止する工程とを必要とし、ゴム製筒体の製造工程及び工数を多くしやすい。   However, in order to form a reinforcing cord layer by interposing a wide ply between the inner rubber and the outer rubber, a step of manufacturing a wide ply in advance, and a bead wire on the outer end of the ply wound around the inner rubber are provided. A winding step and a step of folding back the end of the ply and locking it to the bead wire are required, and it is easy to increase the manufacturing process and the number of man-hours of the rubber cylinder.

また、上記の構成を採用する場合、プライの製造やプライ端部の折り返しに高価な設備が必要であると共に、長さや径の異なる他品種のゴム製筒体を少数ずつ製造する場合にはプライの裁断ロスが大きくなり、ゴム製筒体の製造コストが高くなる。さらに、プライの横糸が加硫成形する際の拡径を阻害するなどして、ゴム製筒体の性能を不安定にするおそれがある。   In addition, when the above configuration is adopted, expensive equipment is required for manufacturing the ply and turning the end of the ply, and when a small number of other types of rubber cylinders having different lengths and diameters are manufactured, the ply The cutting loss increases, and the manufacturing cost of the rubber cylinder increases. Furthermore, there is a risk that the performance of the rubber cylinder may become unstable, for example, by inhibiting the diameter expansion when the weft yarn of the ply is vulcanized.

本発明は、その製造工程及び工数が少なく、製造コストが安く、かつ安定した性能を得ることができるゴム製筒体の提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a rubber cylinder having a small number of manufacturing steps and man-hours, low manufacturing costs, and stable performance.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係るゴム製筒体は、両端部が中央部よりも小径の筒状ゴム膜に、その中心軸方向に対して傾斜する補強コードを周方向に配列してなる二層の補強コード層を設け、各層の補強コードの傾斜方向が互いに交差するように設定したものであり、筒状ゴム膜に補強コードを、中心軸を取り巻きつつ中心軸方向に対して一定の傾斜角度で傾斜して筒状ゴム膜の両端部を通るよう埋設し、かつ一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずらしながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻ことにより、拡径を阻害する横糸を設けることなくかつ互いに編み込まれることなく、補強コードが周方向かつ二層に配列されている。 In order to achieve the above object, the rubber cylinder according to the present invention has a cylindrical rubber film whose both end portions are smaller in diameter than the central portion, and reinforcing cords that are inclined with respect to the central axis direction are arranged in the circumferential direction. The reinforcing cord layers of the two layers are provided so that the inclination directions of the reinforcing cords of each layer intersect each other, and the reinforcing cord is fixed to the cylindrical rubber film and is constant with respect to the central axis direction around the central axis. Inclined at an inclination angle of 2 mm and passed through both ends of the cylindrical rubber film, and shifted by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction for each round of winding until the arrangement position makes one round around the central axis. by rather times up winding, and without it knitted together without providing a weft that inhibits diameter, reinforcing cords are arranged in the circumferential direction and two layers.

この構成によれば、中心軸を複数回取り巻くようにして補強コードを周方向かつ二層に配列するので、補強コード層の形成に、高価な設備を必要とする幅広のプライを製造する工程、ビードワイヤを巻き付ける工程、及びプライの端部を折り返す工程を不要にすることができ、さらに、長さや径の異なる他品種のダイヤフラムを少数ずつ製造する場合であっても補強コードのロスをなくすことができる。また、幅広プライのような横糸が存在しないので、加硫成形する際の拡径を阻害されることがなく、ゴム製筒体の性能を安定させることができる。   According to this configuration, since the reinforcing cords are arranged in the circumferential direction and in two layers so as to surround the central axis a plurality of times, a step of manufacturing a wide ply that requires expensive equipment for forming the reinforcing cord layers, The process of winding the bead wire and the process of turning back the end of the ply can be eliminated, and the loss of the reinforcing cord can be eliminated even when a small number of other types of diaphragms having different lengths and diameters are manufactured. it can. Further, since there is no weft like the wide ply, the diameter expansion during vulcanization molding is not hindered, and the performance of the rubber cylinder can be stabilized.

また、補強コードが筒状ゴム膜の端部を通って中心軸を取り巻くので、端部を通る部位をビードワイヤの代わりとして利用することにより、ビードワイヤを不要にすることができる。つまり、補強コードが両端部に高密度に配列されるので、ビードワイヤを設けることなく、締結金具による締結力を高めることができる。さらに、両端部を通る部位と中央部の補強コード層に配列される部位とが連続するので、ビードワイヤを設けることなく、補強コード層に配列される補強コードを十分に係止することができる。   Further, since the reinforcing cord passes through the end portion of the cylindrical rubber film and surrounds the central axis, the bead wire can be made unnecessary by using the portion passing through the end portion instead of the bead wire. That is, since the reinforcing cords are arranged at both ends with high density, the fastening force by the fastening hardware can be increased without providing a bead wire. Furthermore, since the site | part which passes along both ends and the site | part arrange | positioned at the reinforcement cord layer of a center part continue, the reinforcement cord arranged in a reinforcement cord layer can fully be latched, without providing a bead wire.

ビードワイヤがない分、締結金具を内側に挿入する際に端部を変形させやすく、所望の締結金具を容易に取り付けることができ、ビードワイヤやこのビードワイヤに係止するための補強コードの端部折り返しがない分、厚さが薄くコンパクトなゴム製筒体を得ることができる。さらに、補強コードのコード端を極めて少なくすることができ、このコード端や補強コードの端部折り返しのような疲労亀裂の起点となりやすい部位が少なくなる分、ゴム製筒体の耐久性を高めることができる。   Since there is no bead wire, it is easy to deform the end when inserting the fastening fitting inside, the desired fastening fitting can be easily attached, and the end portion of the reinforcement cord for locking to the bead wire or the bead wire is folded back. As a result, a thin and compact rubber cylinder can be obtained. Furthermore, the end of the cord of the reinforcing cord can be extremely reduced, and the durability of the rubber cylinder can be increased by reducing the number of parts that are likely to start fatigue cracks such as the end of the cord or the end of the reinforcing cord. Can do.

筒状ゴム膜の中心軸を取り巻く補強コードは、単数であっても複数であってもよく、補強コードの太さなどを勘案して適宜選択することができる。筒状ゴム膜の中心軸を取り巻く単数の補強コードから補強コード層を形成すれば、補強コードの配列を乱すことなく、かつ正確な傾斜角度で配列しやすくすることができる。一方、互いに所定のコードピッチを維持させながら筒状ゴム膜の中心軸を取り巻く複数の補強コードから補強コード層を形成すれば、少ない取り巻き回数で補強コードを配列することができ、補強コードの配列に要する時間を短くすることができる。   The reinforcing cord surrounding the central axis of the cylindrical rubber film may be single or plural, and can be appropriately selected in consideration of the thickness of the reinforcing cord. If the reinforcing cord layer is formed from a single reinforcing cord surrounding the central axis of the cylindrical rubber film, the reinforcing cord can be easily arranged at an accurate inclination angle without disturbing the arrangement of the reinforcing cord. On the other hand, if the reinforcing cord layer is formed from a plurality of reinforcing cords surrounding the central axis of the cylindrical rubber film while maintaining a predetermined cord pitch with each other, the reinforcing cords can be arranged with a small number of winding times, and the arrangement of the reinforcing cords Can be shortened.

中心軸方向両端部の内径を互いに異なる大きさに設定すれば、締結金具の挿入をより容易にすることができる。また、本発明に係るゴム製筒体の用途としては、両端部に金具を止着して空気ばねのダイヤフラムとして使用することを例示することができる。   If the inner diameters at both ends in the central axis direction are set to different sizes, the fasteners can be more easily inserted. Moreover, as a use of the rubber cylinder according to the present invention, it is possible to exemplify use of a metal fitting fixed to both end portions as a diaphragm of an air spring.

また、本発明は、両端部が中央部よりも小径の筒状ゴム膜に、その中心軸方向に対して傾斜する補強コードを周方向に配列してなる二層の補強コード層が設けられ、各層の補強コードの傾斜方向が互いに交差するように設定されたゴム製筒体の製造方法を提供する。   Further, the present invention is provided with a two-layer reinforcing cord layer in which reinforcing cords that are inclined with respect to the central axis direction are arranged in a circumferential direction on a cylindrical rubber film having both end portions smaller than the central portion, Provided is a method for manufacturing a rubber cylinder in which the inclination directions of reinforcing cords in each layer are set to intersect each other.

すなわち、本発明は、中心軸方向両端部の外径が中央部の外径よりも小径に設定された成型フォーマに内面未加硫ゴムを巻き付け、次いで、前記補強コードを中心軸方向に対して一定の傾斜角度で傾斜させて、内面未加硫ゴムの両端部に掛けつつ中心軸を取り巻き、一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずらしながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻くことにより、拡径を阻害する横糸を設けることなく、補強コードを互いに編み込むことなく周方向に配列して内面未加硫ゴムの外側全周に二層の補強コード層を形成し、その後、補強コード層の外側に外面未加硫ゴムを巻き付けて、筒状未加硫ゴム膜を構成し、該筒状未加硫ゴム膜の内面未加硫ゴム及び外面未加硫ゴムを加硫成形して前記筒状ゴム膜を形成することを特徴とするゴム製筒体の製造方法を提供する。 That is, according to the present invention, the inner unvulcanized rubber is wound around a molding former in which the outer diameters at both ends in the central axis direction are set smaller than the outer diameter of the central part, and then the reinforcing cord is attached to the central axis direction. Inclined at a fixed inclination angle, wrapped around the center axis while hanging on both ends of the inner unvulcanized rubber, until the arrangement position makes a round around the center axis while shifting by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction for each winding By surrounding the central axis a plurality of times , the reinforcing cords are arranged in the circumferential direction without providing wefts that hinder diameter expansion, and without knitting each other, and two reinforcing cord layers are formed on the entire outer periphery of the inner unvulcanized rubber. After that, the outer surface unvulcanized rubber is wound around the outer side of the reinforcing cord layer to form a cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film, and the inner surface unvulcanized rubber and the outer surface unvulcanized rubber of the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film are formed. Rubber is vulcanized to form the cylindrical rubber film. To provide a method of manufacturing a rubber tube body, characterized in that formed.

この製造方法によれば、補強コードが中心軸を一回取り巻くことにより、中央部の補強コード層に配列される補強コードが中心軸を挟んで反対側に一列ずつ互いにほぼ並行に配列される。この一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチ分だけずれるので、複数回の取り巻きにより、中心軸に対する傾斜角度を維持しつつ中心軸周りに傾斜方向が変化し、補強コードが周方向に配列される。   According to this manufacturing method, the reinforcing cords surround the central axis once, so that the reinforcing cords arranged in the central reinforcing cord layer are arranged almost in parallel with each other on the opposite side across the central axis. Since each winding is shifted by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, the winding direction is changed around the central axis while maintaining the inclination angle with respect to the central axis, and the reinforcing cords are arranged in the circumferential direction. Is done.

一回の取り巻きによって配列された一対の補強コードは、それぞれを外周側から見たとき、中心軸に対して同じ大きさの傾斜角度で反対側に傾斜しており、それぞれの補強コードの配列が一周した時点で、補強コードの傾斜方向が互いに交差する二層の補強コード層が形成される。反対側に傾斜する一対の補強コードが一回の取り巻きによって中心軸を挟んで反対側に配列されるので、傾斜方向が交差する補強コードが互いに編み込まれるように配列されることはなく、補強コードのパンタグラフ作用を阻害することはない。   When viewed from the outer peripheral side, the pair of reinforcing cords arranged by one round of winding is inclined to the opposite side at the same inclination angle with respect to the central axis, and the arrangement of the respective reinforcing cords is When one round is completed, two layers of reinforcing cord layers in which the inclination directions of the reinforcing cords intersect each other are formed. Since a pair of reinforcing cords inclined to the opposite side are arranged on the opposite side across the central axis by a single winding, the reinforcing cords whose inclination directions cross each other are not arranged so as to be woven together, and the reinforcing cords It does not inhibit the pantograph action.

この製造方法において、補強コードをゴムで被覆した状態で内面未加硫ゴムの外周側に巻き付ければ、そのゴムが滑り止めとなって補強コードの配列の乱れを防止することができる。   In this manufacturing method, when the reinforcing cord is covered with rubber and wound around the outer peripheral side of the inner unvulcanized rubber, the rubber becomes a non-slip, and the arrangement of the reinforcing cord can be prevented from being disturbed.

以上のとおり、本発明によると、中心軸を複数回取り巻くようにして補強コードを周方向かつ二層に配列するので、幅広のプライを製造する工程、ビードワイヤを巻き付ける工程、及びプライの端部を折り返す工程を不要にして、少ない工程及び工数で補強コード層を形成することができ、ゴム製筒体の製造コストを安くすることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the reinforcing cords are arranged in two layers in the circumferential direction so as to surround the central axis a plurality of times, so that the step of manufacturing a wide ply, the step of winding a bead wire, and the end of the ply The step of folding back is not required, and the reinforcing cord layer can be formed with a small number of steps and man-hours, and the manufacturing cost of the rubber cylinder can be reduced.

また、幅広プライを用いる場合のような補強コードのロスをなくすことができるので、長さや径の異なる他品種のゴム製筒体を少数ずつ製造する場合にもその製造コストを安くすることができる。さらに、加硫成形する際の拡径を阻害する横糸を不要にして、安定した性能を得ることができる。   In addition, since the loss of the reinforcing cord as in the case of using the wide ply can be eliminated, the manufacturing cost can be reduced even when a small number of other types of rubber cylinders having different lengths and diameters are manufactured. . Furthermore, a stable performance can be obtained by eliminating the need for wefts that hinder diameter expansion during vulcanization molding.

以下、本発明に係るゴム製筒体を実施するための最良の形態について、図面を用いて説明する。図1は本発明に係るゴム製筒体の断面図であり、左半分は加硫成形前の状態を示し、右半分は加硫成形後の状態を示す。図2は補強コード層を示す斜視図であり、成型フォーマ及び内面未加硫ゴムの外側に形成した状態を示している。なお、図2において、成型フォーマ及び内面未加硫ゴムは、上部のみを図示している。   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out a rubber cylinder according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rubber cylinder according to the present invention. The left half shows a state before vulcanization molding, and the right half shows a state after vulcanization molding. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the reinforcing cord layer, and shows a state where the reinforcing cord layer is formed on the outside of the molding former and the inner surface unvulcanized rubber. In FIG. 2, only the upper part of the molding former and the inner unvulcanized rubber is shown.

このゴム製筒体1は、例えば両端部に金具を止着されて空気ばねのダイヤフラムとして使用されるものであり、中央部が両端部よりも大径で全体として略球状の筒状ゴム膜2に、内圧や伝達力に対する抵抗を高めるための補強コード層3を設けた構造とされる。   This rubber cylinder 1 is used, for example, as a diaphragm of an air spring with metal fittings attached to both ends, and a cylindrical rubber film 2 having a central portion larger in diameter than both ends and generally spherical. In addition, the reinforcing cord layer 3 is provided to increase resistance to internal pressure and transmission force.

筒状ゴム膜2は、補強コード層3を介在させる内面ゴム2a及び外面ゴム2bからなり、内面未加硫ゴム4a及び外面未加硫ゴム4bから構成される筒状未加硫ゴム膜4を加硫成形してなる。筒状未加硫ゴム膜4は、中央部が一定径で両端部が中央部よりも小径に設定され、加硫成形する際に略球状とされる。   The cylindrical rubber film 2 is composed of an inner rubber 2a and an outer rubber 2b with a reinforcing cord layer 3 interposed therebetween, and the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film 4 composed of an inner unvulcanized rubber 4a and an outer unvulcanized rubber 4b. Vulcanized and molded. The cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film 4 has a central portion having a constant diameter and both end portions set to have a smaller diameter than the central portion, and is substantially spherical when vulcanized.

補強コード層3は、筒状ゴム膜2の中央部に設けられた内面側及び外面側の二層の補強コード層3a、3bからなり、この二層の補強コード層3a、3bが、ゴム製筒体1の中心軸を取り巻く一本の補強コード5から構成される。   The reinforcing cord layer 3 is composed of two layers of reinforcing cord layers 3a and 3b on the inner surface side and the outer surface side provided at the center of the cylindrical rubber film 2, and these two layers of reinforcing cord layers 3a and 3b are made of rubber. It is composed of a single reinforcing cord 5 that surrounds the central axis of the cylindrical body 1.

補強コード5は、中心軸を取り巻きつつ中心軸方向に対して一定の傾斜角度で傾斜して筒状ゴム膜2の両端部を通り、さらに、一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずれながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻いている。これにより、各補強コード層3a、3bに、補強コード5がゴム製筒体1の中心軸方向に対して傾斜しつつ周方向に配列され、さらに、二層の補強コード層3a、3bに配列される補強コード5が、互いに編み込まれることなく、その傾斜方向が互いに交差する方向に設定されている。   The reinforcing cord 5 surrounds the central axis and is inclined at a constant inclination angle with respect to the central axis direction, passes through both end portions of the cylindrical rubber film 2, and further, at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction for each winding. The center axis is surrounded a plurality of times until the arrangement position makes one round around the center axis while shifting. Thereby, the reinforcement cord 5 is arranged in each reinforcement cord layer 3a, 3b in the circumferential direction while being inclined with respect to the central axis direction of the rubber cylinder 1, and further arranged in two reinforcement cord layers 3a, 3b. The reinforcing cords 5 are set so that their inclination directions intersect with each other without being knitted together.

補強コード層3a、3bに配列される補強コード5の中心軸に対する傾斜角度は、未加硫ゴム膜4に埋設された状態でβ(−β)に設定され、筒状ゴム膜2に加硫成形した後にβ1(−β1)に変化するようになっている。なお、補強コード5のうち、筒状ゴム膜2の端部を通る部位の直線長さ(H)は、中心軸に対する傾斜角度(β)とゴム製筒体1の高さ(B)により決定される。   The inclination angle with respect to the central axis of the reinforcing cords 5 arranged in the reinforcing cord layers 3 a and 3 b is set to β (−β) in a state where the reinforcing cords 5 are embedded in the unvulcanized rubber film 4 and vulcanized to the cylindrical rubber film 2. It changes to β1 (−β1) after molding. In addition, the linear length (H) of the site | part which passes along the edge part of the cylindrical rubber film 2 among the reinforcement cords 5 is determined by the inclination angle (β) with respect to the central axis and the height (B) of the rubber cylinder 1. Is done.

次に、ゴム製筒体1の製造方法を説明する。図3は補強コードが中心軸を取り巻く様子を示す斜視図、図4は補強コードが中心軸を取り巻く様子を示す平面図である。図5は成型フォーマの周りに形成した筒状未加硫ゴム膜を示す図であり、(a)は軸方向断面図、(b)は軸直角方向断面図である。図6は筒状未加硫ゴム膜及び筒状ゴム膜の軸方向断面図である。   Next, the manufacturing method of the rubber cylinder 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing how the reinforcing cord surrounds the central axis, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing how the reinforcing cord surrounds the central axis. 5A and 5B are views showing a cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film formed around a molding former, in which FIG. 5A is an axial sectional view and FIG. 5B is an axial perpendicular sectional view. FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of a cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film and a cylindrical rubber film.

まず、中心軸方向両端部の外径が中央部の外径よりも小径に設定されたコア式成型フォーマ6に内面未加硫ゴム4aを巻き付ける。   First, the inner unvulcanized rubber 4a is wound around the core-type molding former 6 in which the outer diameters at both ends in the central axis direction are set smaller than the outer diameter of the central part.

次いで、図3及び図4に示すように、未加硫ゴムで被覆した一本の補強コード5を中心軸に対して一定の傾斜角度β(−β)で傾斜させて、内面未加硫ゴム4aの両端部に掛けつつ中心軸を取り巻き、かつ一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずらしながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻く。これにより、補強コード5が周方向に配列されて内面未加硫ゴム4aの外側全周に二層の補強コード層3a、3bが形成されて、図2に示す状態を得る。   Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one reinforcing cord 5 covered with unvulcanized rubber is inclined at a constant inclination angle β (−β) with respect to the central axis, and the inner unvulcanized rubber is The central axis is wound around both ends of 4a, and the central axis is wound a plurality of times until the arrangement position makes one round around the central axis while shifting by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction for each winding. Thus, the reinforcing cords 5 are arranged in the circumferential direction, and the two reinforcing cord layers 3a and 3b are formed on the entire outer periphery of the inner unvulcanized rubber 4a, thereby obtaining the state shown in FIG.

ここで、補強コード5が中心軸を取り巻く様子をより詳しく説明する。まず、補強コード5をあらかじめ定めた傾斜角度(β)で内面未加硫ゴム4aの中央部外周面に配列し、内面未加硫ゴム4aの端部外周面に掛けて、中心軸を挟んで反対側の外周面まで導く。次いで、傾斜角度(−β)で内面未加硫ゴム4aの反対側の中央部外周面に配列し、内面未加硫ゴム4aの端部外周面に掛けて元の外周面まで導く。   Here, the manner in which the reinforcing cord 5 surrounds the central axis will be described in more detail. First, the reinforcing cords 5 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the inner surface unvulcanized rubber 4a at a predetermined inclination angle (β), hung on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the inner surface unvulcanized rubber 4a, and sandwiching the central axis. Guide to the outer peripheral surface on the opposite side. Subsequently, it arranges on the central part outer peripheral surface on the opposite side of the inner surface unvulcanized rubber 4a at an inclination angle (−β) and hangs on the outer peripheral surface of the end part of the inner surface unvulcanized rubber 4a to guide the original outer peripheral surface.

このとき、一回の掛け回しにおける始点5aと終点5bとを、コード径以上に設定された所定のコードピッチ分だけ周方向にずらす。また、端部外周面に掛ける際、補強コード5の傾斜角度をできるだけ変化させないようにする。なお、端部を中央部よりも小径に設定しているので、端部と中央部との段差が補強コード5を係止してずれを阻止する。   At this time, the start point 5a and the end point 5b in one wrapping are shifted in the circumferential direction by a predetermined code pitch set to be equal to or larger than the code diameter. Further, the inclination angle of the reinforcing cord 5 is not changed as much as possible when it is hung on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion. Since the end portion is set to have a smaller diameter than the central portion, the step between the end portion and the central portion locks the reinforcing cord 5 to prevent the deviation.

これにより、補強コード5が中心軸を挟んで反対側に一列ずつ互いにほぼ平行に配列され、補強コード5の一回の取り巻き操作が完了する。このとき、中心軸を挟んで反対側に配列された補強コード5は、外周側から見て同じ大きさで傾斜方向が反対の傾斜角度(β、−β)に設定されている。   As a result, the reinforcing cords 5 are arranged almost in parallel with each other on the opposite side across the central axis, and one winding operation of the reinforcing cord 5 is completed. At this time, the reinforcing cords 5 arranged on the opposite side across the central axis are set to have the same size and the opposite inclination angles (β, −β) when viewed from the outer peripheral side.

取り巻きの際のコードピッチ分のずれにより、中心軸に対する補強コード5の傾斜角度(β、−β)を維持しつつ中心軸周りに傾斜方向が変化し、補強コード5の取り巻き操作を繰り返すことにより、補強コード5が周方向に配列される。同一方向に傾斜する補強コード5の配列が周方向に一周するまで取り巻き操作を繰り返すことにより、補強コード5が互いに編み込まれることなく、傾斜方向が互いに交差する二層の円筒状の補強コード層3a、3bが形成される。   By repeating the winding operation of the reinforcing cord 5 by changing the inclination direction around the central axis while maintaining the inclination angle (β, −β) of the reinforcing cord 5 with respect to the central axis due to the deviation of the cord pitch during winding. The reinforcing cords 5 are arranged in the circumferential direction. By repeating the winding operation until the arrangement of the reinforcing cords 5 inclined in the same direction makes one round in the circumferential direction, the reinforcing cords 5 are not knitted together, and the two layers of cylindrical reinforcing cord layers 3a intersecting with each other in the inclined direction. 3b are formed.

その後、補強コード層3の外側に外面未加硫ゴム4bを巻き付けて、筒状未加硫ゴム膜4を構成し、図1の左半分、図5、及び図6の実線に示す状態を得る。さらに、コア式成型フォーマ6を分解して筒状未加硫ゴム膜4を取り外し、これを外型に組み込んで内側にバッグを挿入し、筒状未加硫ゴム膜4を加圧加熱して略球状の筒状ゴム膜2に加硫成形することにより、図1の右半分、及び図6の二点鎖線に示す状態のゴム製筒体1を得る。   Thereafter, the outer surface unvulcanized rubber 4b is wound around the outer side of the reinforcing cord layer 3 to form the tubular unvulcanized rubber film 4, and the states shown by the solid lines in the left half of FIG. 1, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are obtained. . Further, the core-type molding former 6 is disassembled, the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film 4 is removed, this is incorporated into an outer mold, a bag is inserted inside, and the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film 4 is pressurized and heated. By vulcanizing and molding the substantially spherical cylindrical rubber film 2, the rubber cylindrical body 1 in the state shown in the right half of FIG. 1 and the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6 is obtained.

次に、本発明の方法と従来の方法とを空気ばねに適用した場合について比較する。本発明の方法で製造するゴム製筒体1は、図1に断面図を示すものである。従来の方法で製造する金具付きゴム製筒体7は、図7に断面図を示すものであり、図7の左半分は加硫成形前の状態を示し、図7の右半分は加硫成形後の状態を示す。   Next, the case where the method of the present invention and the conventional method are applied to an air spring will be compared. A rubber cylinder 1 manufactured by the method of the present invention is shown in a sectional view in FIG. FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a rubber cylinder 7 with metal fittings manufactured by a conventional method. The left half of FIG. 7 shows a state before vulcanization molding, and the right half of FIG. 7 shows vulcanization molding. Shown later.

いずれのゴム製筒体1、7も内径(D)がφ150mmで、中央部の外径がφ240mm、高さ(B1)が140mm、補強コード5の傾斜角度(β1)が55°の空気ばね用ダイヤフラムとし、加硫成形前の中央部の外径をφ216mm、高さ(B)を170mm、補強コード5の傾斜角度(β)を48°とする。また、補強コード5は、コード径が0.6mmのポリエステルコードでコードピッチを1mmとする。なお、本発明に係るゴム製筒体1では、未加硫ゴムで被覆した状態の補強コード5の径をφ1.0mmとする。   Each of the rubber cylinders 1 and 7 has an inner diameter (D) of φ150 mm, an outer diameter of the central portion of φ240 mm, a height (B1) of 140 mm, and an inclination angle (β1) of the reinforcing cord 5 is 55 °. The outer diameter of the central portion before vulcanization molding is φ216 mm, the height (B) is 170 mm, and the inclination angle (β) of the reinforcing cord 5 is 48 °. The reinforcing cord 5 is a polyester cord having a cord diameter of 0.6 mm and a cord pitch of 1 mm. In the rubber cylinder 1 according to the present invention, the diameter of the reinforcing cord 5 covered with unvulcanized rubber is φ1.0 mm.

本発明のゴム製筒体1の補強コード層3は、中心軸を取り巻く一本の補強コード5から形成したものであり、傾斜角度(β=48°)及び高さ(B=170mm)より、筒状ゴム膜2の端部を通る部位の直線長さ(H)を153mmとしている。従来のゴム製筒体7の補強コード層8は、筒状ゴム膜2にバイアス裁断した二枚のプライを埋設してなり、その端部をφ5mmのビードワイヤ9に係止するよう折り返するようになっている。   The reinforcing cord layer 3 of the rubber cylinder 1 of the present invention is formed from a single reinforcing cord 5 surrounding the central axis, and from an inclination angle (β = 48 °) and a height (B = 170 mm), The straight line length (H) of the portion passing through the end of the cylindrical rubber film 2 is 153 mm. The reinforcing cord layer 8 of the conventional rubber cylinder 7 is formed by embedding two plies bias-cut into the cylindrical rubber film 2 and folded back so that the end of the ply is locked to a bead wire 9 having a diameter of 5 mm. It has become.

補強コード層の形成方法、ビードワイヤ、金具、補強コード層の自動形成、補強コードの配列、ゴム厚、耐疲労性、シール強度、補強コードのロス、補強コードの事前処理、少量生産の可否の11項目について、本発明の方法と従来の方法とを比較した結果を表1に示す。   Reinforcement cord layer forming method, bead wire, metal fittings, reinforcement cord layer automatic formation, reinforcement cord arrangement, rubber thickness, fatigue resistance, seal strength, reinforcement cord loss, reinforcement cord pre-treatment, 11 Table 1 shows the results of comparing the method of the present invention with the conventional method.

Figure 0004563911
Figure 0004563911

表1により、本発明の方法は、補強コード層の形成方法の違いを示す項目を除いて、ビードワイヤ以降の10項目の全てについて従来の方法よりも優れていることがわかる。すなわち、本発明の方法は、部材点数を少なくし、金具の止着を容易にし、補強コード層の形成に要する工数を半減し、補強コードの配列を乱れさせず、プライ端部の折り返しによるゴム厚の増厚をなくし、耐疲労性及びシール強度を高め、補強コードの裁断ロスをなくし、安価な設備で補強コードに未加硫ゴムで被覆し、少量生産を可能にする。   From Table 1, it can be seen that the method of the present invention is superior to the conventional method for all 10 items after the bead wire, except for the items indicating the difference in the method of forming the reinforcing cord layer. That is, the method of the present invention reduces the number of members, facilitates fastening of metal fittings, halves the man-hours required for forming the reinforcing cord layer, does not disturb the arrangement of the reinforcing cord, and does not disturb the arrangement of the ply end portion. Thickening is eliminated, fatigue resistance and seal strength are increased, cutting loss of the reinforcing cord is eliminated, and the reinforcing cord is coated with unvulcanized rubber with a low-cost equipment, enabling small-scale production.

上記構成によれば、中心軸を取り巻く補強コード5が筒状ゴム膜2の端部を高密度で通るので、この部位をビードワイヤの代わりとして利用することができ、ビードワイヤを不要にすることができる。これにより、端部内側への金具の挿入を容易にして外部金具への締結を簡単にすることができ、特に、比較的低圧で小型のゴム製筒体として好適に用いることができる。   According to the above configuration, since the reinforcing cord 5 surrounding the central axis passes through the end portion of the cylindrical rubber film 2 with high density, this portion can be used as a substitute for the bead wire, and the bead wire can be made unnecessary. . Thereby, it is possible to easily insert the metal fitting into the inner side of the end portion and simplify the fastening to the external metal fitting. In particular, it can be suitably used as a small rubber cylinder having a relatively low pressure.

補強コード5の取り巻きは、幅広プライを用いる場合のような裁断ロスをなくすことができ、補強コード5を未加硫ゴムで被覆する被覆装置も従来の方法に用いる幅広プライを製造する装置よりも安価である。これにより、材料ロスを少なくすると共に、補強コード層5を安価に形成することができる。   The winding of the reinforcing cord 5 can eliminate a cutting loss as in the case of using a wide ply, and the coating device for covering the reinforcing cord 5 with unvulcanized rubber is also more than the device for manufacturing the wide ply used in the conventional method. Inexpensive. Thereby, while reducing material loss, the reinforcement cord layer 5 can be formed in low cost.

補強コード層3は、一本の補強コード5から形成するので、補強コード5としてスチールコードのような剛性の大きい繊維を使用することもできる。補強コード8の巻き始め及び巻き終わりを除いて端部の露出がないので、補強コード5の端部を起点とする疲労亀裂の発生を防止することができる。ゴム製筒体1の端部にビードワイヤや折り返しがない分、厚さを薄くして製品をコンパクトにすることができる。   Since the reinforcing cord layer 3 is formed from a single reinforcing cord 5, a highly rigid fiber such as a steel cord can be used as the reinforcing cord 5. Except for the beginning and end of winding of the reinforcing cord 8, there is no exposure of the end portion, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fatigue cracks starting from the end portion of the reinforcing cord 5. Since there is no bead wire or folding at the end of the rubber cylinder 1, the thickness can be reduced to make the product compact.

補強コード5が互いに編み込まれないので、補強コード5同士の接触による抵抗及び摩耗を発生させずにすみ、補強コード層3のパンタグラフ作用を阻害することなく上下方向変位を吸収することができる。さらに、加硫成形する際にバッグを挿入して球面に加硫することができるので、上下方向を主体とする大きな変位を許容することができる。   Since the reinforcing cords 5 are not knitted together, it is possible to absorb the displacement in the vertical direction without impeding the pantograph action of the reinforcing cord layer 3 without generating resistance and wear due to contact between the reinforcing cords 5. Furthermore, since a bag can be inserted and vulcanized into a spherical surface during vulcanization molding, a large displacement mainly in the vertical direction can be allowed.

なお、本発明は、上記の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内において、適宜変更を加えることができる。例えば、一本の補強コード5によって補強コード層3を構成する代わりに、複数の補強コード5を互いに所定のコードピッチを維持させながら筒状ゴム膜2の中心軸を取り巻いて形成するようにしてもよい。   In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment, A change can be suitably added within the scope of the present invention. For example, instead of configuring the reinforcing cord layer 3 with a single reinforcing cord 5, a plurality of reinforcing cords 5 are formed around the central axis of the cylindrical rubber film 2 while maintaining a predetermined cord pitch with each other. Also good.

この場合、同時に取り巻く補強コード5の本数が多くなると筒状ゴム膜2の端部を通るときに配列の乱れを生じやすく、全体として正確な傾斜角度で掛け回すことが難しくなりやすいことを考慮し、1000〜2000dtex程度の太い補強コード8を使用するときに1本、600dtex程度以下の細い補強コード8を使用するときに2本とするのがよい。   In this case, considering that the number of the reinforcing cords 5 surrounding at the same time increases, the arrangement is likely to be disturbed when passing through the end portion of the cylindrical rubber film 2, and it is difficult to wrap around at an accurate inclination angle as a whole. It is preferable to use one when using a thick reinforcing cord 8 of about 1000 to 2000 dtex and two when using a thin reinforcing cord 8 of about 600 dtex or less.

図8に示すように、ゴム製筒体1の中心軸方向両端部の内径は、互いに異なる大きさ(D1<D2)に設定してもよく、大径(D2)側から内部に金具を挿入することにより、その挿入をより簡単にすることができる。また、ゴム製筒体1は、略球状に限らず、一定径の円筒状であってもよい。   As shown in FIG. 8, the inner diameters of both ends in the central axis direction of the rubber cylinder 1 may be set to different sizes (D1 <D2), and metal fittings are inserted into the inside from the large diameter (D2) side. By doing so, the insertion can be made easier. Moreover, the rubber cylinder 1 is not limited to a substantially spherical shape, and may be a cylindrical shape having a constant diameter.

図9に示すように、成型フォーマは、コア式成型フォーマ6に限らず、例えば鋼管10aの周りに筒状ゴム10bを配置してなるゴム式成型フォーマ10を用いることもできる。ゴム式成型フォーマ10は、筒状未加硫ゴム膜4を形成した後、まず鋼管10aを引き抜いてから筒状ゴム10bを変形させて引き抜くものである。   As shown in FIG. 9, the molding former is not limited to the core molding former 6, and for example, a rubber molding former 10 in which a cylindrical rubber 10b is disposed around a steel pipe 10a can be used. In the rubber-type molding former 10, after the tubular unvulcanized rubber film 4 is formed, the steel tube 10a is first pulled out, and then the tubular rubber 10b is deformed and pulled out.

本発明に係るゴム製筒体の断面図であり、左半分は加硫成形前の状態を示し、右半分は加硫成形後の状態を示すIt is sectional drawing of the rubber cylinder which concerns on this invention, the left half shows the state before vulcanization molding, and the right half shows the state after vulcanization molding ゴム製筒体の補強コード層を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the reinforcement cord layer of a rubber cylinder 補強コードが中心軸を取り巻く様子を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows a mode that a reinforcement cord surrounds a central axis 補強コードが中心軸を取り巻く様子を示す平面図Top view showing how the reinforcing cord surrounds the central axis 成型フォーマの周りに形成した筒状未加硫ゴム膜を示す図であり、(a)は軸方向断面図、(b)は軸直角方向断面図It is a figure which shows the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film formed around the molding former, (a) is an axial sectional view, (b) is an axial perpendicular sectional view. 筒状未加硫ゴム膜及び筒状ゴム膜の軸方向断面図Axial sectional view of cylindrical unvulcanized rubber membrane and cylindrical rubber membrane 従来のゴム製筒体の断面図であり、左半分は加硫成形前の状態を示し、右半分は加硫成形後の状態を示すIt is sectional drawing of the conventional rubber cylinder, The left half shows the state before vulcanization molding, and the right half shows the state after vulcanization molding 別の形態の筒状未加硫ゴム膜及び筒状ゴム膜の軸方向断面図Axial sectional view of another form of cylindrical unvulcanized rubber membrane and cylindrical rubber membrane 別の形態の成型フォーマの周りに形成した筒状未加硫ゴム膜を示す図であり、(a)は軸方向断面図、(b)は軸直角方向断面図It is a figure which shows the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film formed around the molding former of another form, (a) is an axial sectional view, (b) is an axial perpendicular sectional view.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ゴム製筒体
2 筒状ゴム膜
3 補強コード層
5 補強コード
6 コア式成型フォーマ
7 未加硫ゴム膜
8 補強コード
9 開口
10 円筒部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rubber cylinder 2 Cylindrical rubber membrane 3 Reinforcement cord layer 5 Reinforcement cord 6 Core type former 7 Unvulcanized rubber membrane 8 Reinforcement cord 9 Opening 10 Cylindrical part

Claims (7)

両端部が中央部よりも小径の筒状ゴム膜に、その中心軸方向に対して傾斜する補強コードを周方向に配列してなる二層の補強コード層が設けられ、各層の補強コードの傾斜方向が互いに交差するように設定されたゴム製筒体であって、
前記補強コードは、筒状ゴム膜に、中心軸を取り巻きつつ中心軸方向に対して一定の傾斜角度で傾斜して筒状ゴム膜の両端部を通るよう埋設され、かつ一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずれながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻くことにより、拡径を阻害する横糸を設けることなくかつ互いに編み込まれることなく、周方向かつ二層に配列されたことを特徴とするゴム製筒体。
Two layers of reinforcing cord layers are arranged on the cylindrical rubber membrane whose both end portions are smaller in diameter than the central portion, and reinforcing cords that are inclined with respect to the central axis direction are arranged in the circumferential direction. A rubber cylinder set so that the directions cross each other,
The reinforcing cord is embedded in the cylindrical rubber film so as to pass through both ends of the cylindrical rubber film while being inclined at a constant inclination angle with respect to the central axis direction while surrounding the central axis. By surrounding the central axis several times until the arrangement position makes one round around the central axis while shifting by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction , the circumferential direction and two layers without providing wefts that inhibit diameter expansion and without being knitted together A rubber cylinder characterized in that it is arranged in an array.
前記補強コード層は、筒状ゴム膜の中心軸を取り巻く単数の補強コードから形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のゴム製筒体。   The rubber cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing cord layer is formed of a single reinforcing cord surrounding a central axis of the cylindrical rubber film. 前記補強コード層は、互いに所定のコードピッチを維持させながら筒状ゴム膜の中心軸を取り巻く複数の補強コードから形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のゴム製筒体。   2. The rubber cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing cord layer is formed of a plurality of reinforcing cords surrounding a central axis of the cylindrical rubber film while maintaining a predetermined cord pitch with each other. 中心軸方向両端部の内径が互いに異なる大きさに設定されたことを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3に記載のゴム製筒体。   The rubber cylinder according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein inner diameters at both ends in the central axis direction are set to different sizes. 両端部に金具を止着され、空気ばねのダイヤフラムとして使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のゴム製筒体。   The rubber cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein metal fittings are fixed to both ends and used as a diaphragm of an air spring. 両端部が中央部よりも小径の筒状ゴム膜に、その中心軸方向に対して傾斜する補強コードを周方向に配列してなる二層の補強コード層が設けられ、各層の補強コードの傾斜方向が互いに交差するように設定されたゴム製筒体の製造方法であって、
中心軸方向両端部の外径が中央部の外径よりも小径に設定された成型フォーマに内面未加硫ゴムを巻き付け、次いで、前記補強コードを中心軸方向に対して一定の傾斜角度で傾斜させて、内面未加硫ゴムの両端部に掛けつつ中心軸を取り巻き、一回の取り巻きごとに周方向に所定のピッチだけずらしながら配列位置が中心軸周りに一周するまで中心軸を複数回取り巻くことにより、拡径を阻害する横糸を設けることなく、補強コードを互いに編み込むことなく周方向に配列して内面未加硫ゴムの外側全周に二層の補強コード層を形成し、その後、補強コード層の外側に外面未加硫ゴムを巻き付けて、筒状未加硫ゴム膜を構成し、該筒状未加硫ゴム膜の内面未加硫ゴム及び外面未加硫ゴムを加硫成形して前記筒状ゴム膜を形成することを特徴とするゴム製筒体の製造方法。
Two layers of reinforcing cord layers are arranged on the cylindrical rubber membrane whose both end portions are smaller in diameter than the central portion, and reinforcing cords that are inclined with respect to the central axis direction are arranged in the circumferential direction. A method of manufacturing a rubber cylinder whose directions are set to intersect each other,
An unvulcanized rubber on the inner surface is wound around a molding former in which the outer diameters at both ends in the central axis direction are set smaller than the outer diameter in the central part, and then the reinforcing cord is inclined at a constant inclination angle with respect to the central axis direction. The central axis is wrapped around both ends of the unvulcanized rubber on the inner surface, and the central axis is wrapped around the central axis a plurality of times until the arrangement position makes one round around the central axis while shifting by a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction for each winding. By arranging the reinforcing cords in the circumferential direction without knitting each other without providing wefts that hinder the expansion of the diameter , a two-layer reinforcing cord layer is formed on the entire outer periphery of the inner unvulcanized rubber, and then reinforced. An outer surface unvulcanized rubber is wound around the outer side of the cord layer to form a cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film, and an inner surface unvulcanized rubber and an outer surface unvulcanized rubber of the cylindrical unvulcanized rubber film are vulcanized and molded. Forming the cylindrical rubber film Method for producing a rubber cylindrical body that.
前記補強コードをゴムで被覆した状態で前記内面未加硫ゴムの外周側に巻き付けることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のゴム製筒体の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a rubber cylinder according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing cord is wound around an outer peripheral side of the inner unvulcanized rubber while being covered with rubber.
JP2005292163A 2005-10-05 2005-10-05 Rubber cylinder Expired - Fee Related JP4563911B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU174762U1 (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-10-31 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Производственное Объединение "Ростар" RUBBER SHELL PNEUMOR SPRING

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5212642Y1 (en) * 1968-08-27 1977-03-22
JPS5934070A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-02-24 ハ−キュルス インコ−ポレ−テッド Manufacture of pressure vessel made of synthetic resin
JPS5970541A (en) * 1982-10-15 1984-04-21 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The Manufacture of rubber membrane for air cushion
JPH03273958A (en) * 1990-03-23 1991-12-05 Bando Chem Ind Ltd Shock absorbing bag and manufacture thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5212642Y1 (en) * 1968-08-27 1977-03-22
JPS5934070A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-02-24 ハ−キュルス インコ−ポレ−テッド Manufacture of pressure vessel made of synthetic resin
JPS5970541A (en) * 1982-10-15 1984-04-21 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The Manufacture of rubber membrane for air cushion
JPH03273958A (en) * 1990-03-23 1991-12-05 Bando Chem Ind Ltd Shock absorbing bag and manufacture thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU174762U1 (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-10-31 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Производственное Объединение "Ростар" RUBBER SHELL PNEUMOR SPRING

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