JP4555199B2 - Powder production equipment - Google Patents

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JP4555199B2
JP4555199B2 JP2005272045A JP2005272045A JP4555199B2 JP 4555199 B2 JP4555199 B2 JP 4555199B2 JP 2005272045 A JP2005272045 A JP 2005272045A JP 2005272045 A JP2005272045 A JP 2005272045A JP 4555199 B2 JP4555199 B2 JP 4555199B2
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雅男 上出
基之 柳本
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Chugai Ro Co Ltd
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本発明は、火炎式噴霧熱分解法による粉体製造装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a powder production apparatus using a flame spray pyrolysis method.

例えば、電池の電極の原料となる粉末を製造する方法として、例えば特許文献1から3に記載されているように、粉体原料の水溶液を粉体形成塔内で噴霧し、火炎によって乾燥および熱分解する方法が公知である。
特開2004−292223号公報 特開2005−183004号公報 米国特許第3230064号明細書
For example, as a method for producing a powder as a raw material for a battery electrode, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example, an aqueous solution of a powder raw material is sprayed in a powder forming tower and dried and heated by a flame. Methods for decomposing are known.
JP 2004-292223 A JP 2005-183004 A US Patent No. 3230064 Specification

特許文献1から3に記載されている粉体製造装置には、粉体形成塔内に火炎による旋回気流を形成するために、粉体形成塔の壁に径方向から水平方向に一定の傾斜をした火炎噴射ノズルを、粉体形成塔の垂直軸に対して回転対称に4つまたは6つ配置している。さらに、特許文献2には多段に配置したものも記載されている。   In the powder production apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, in order to form a swirling airflow due to a flame in the powder forming tower, the wall of the powder forming tower is inclined from the radial direction to the horizontal direction. Four or six flame injection nozzles are arranged in rotational symmetry with respect to the vertical axis of the powder forming tower. Further, Patent Document 2 describes a multi-stage arrangement.

そのような従来の粉体製造装置において、マンガン酸リチウムを生成するために、硝酸リチウムと硝酸マンガンとの混合水溶液を噴霧し、火炎旋回流により700℃以上に加熱すると、以下の数式1に示す反応が起こる。   In such a conventional powder manufacturing apparatus, in order to produce lithium manganate, a mixed aqueous solution of lithium nitrate and manganese nitrate is sprayed and heated to 700 ° C. or higher by a flame swirl flow, then, the following formula 1 A reaction takes place.

Figure 0004555199
Figure 0004555199

しかしながら、従来の粉体製造装置は、複数の火炎噴射ノズルで局所的に火炎旋回流を形成するので、反応温度の管理が難しいという問題がある。そして、反応温度が850℃を超えると、以下の数式2に示す反応が起こり、不純物である酸化マンガンを生じてしまう。   However, the conventional powder production apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to control the reaction temperature because a flame swirl flow is locally formed by a plurality of flame injection nozzles. And when reaction temperature exceeds 850 degreeC, reaction shown to the following Numerical formula 2 will occur, and manganese oxide which is an impurity will be produced.

Figure 0004555199
Figure 0004555199

マンガン酸リチウム粉末を焼成して電池の電極を製造した場合、酸化マンガンが存在すると、電池のエネルギー密度が低くなるという問題が生じる。   When a battery electrode is produced by firing lithium manganate powder, the presence of manganese oxide causes a problem that the energy density of the battery decreases.

図12は、従来の粉体製造装置で製造したマンガン酸リチウム粉末のX線回折装置(XRD)による解析結果を示す。図示するように、酸化マンガンの存在を示すピークが確認できる。   FIG. 12 shows the analysis result by the X-ray diffraction apparatus (XRD) of the lithium manganate powder manufactured by the conventional powder manufacturing apparatus. As shown in the figure, a peak indicating the presence of manganese oxide can be confirmed.

そこで前記問題点に鑑みて、本発明は、火炎式噴霧熱分解法によって粉体を生成する際に、反応温度を適正に保ち、不純物を生じさせない粉体製造装置を提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a powder production apparatus that keeps the reaction temperature properly and does not generate impurities when producing powder by a flame spray pyrolysis method. .

前記課題を解決するために、本発明による粉体製造装置は、内部に原料水溶液を噴霧する噴霧手段と、内部に向かって火炎を噴射する複数の火炎噴射ノズルとを備える直立筒状の粉体生成塔を有する粉体製造装置であって、前記複数の火炎噴射ノズルは、前記粉体生成塔の径方向に対して水平に一定の角度を有し、互いに高さをずらして、前記粉体生成塔の垂直軸周りに螺旋状に配置されているものとする。 In order to solve the above problems, an apparatus for producing a powder according to the present invention comprises an upright cylindrical powder comprising spraying means for spraying a raw material aqueous solution therein and a plurality of flame injection nozzles for spraying a flame toward the inside. a powder production apparatus having a production column, the plurality of flames injection nozzle has a certain angle horizontally with respect to a radial direction of the powder product column, by shifting the height from each other, the powder It is assumed that they are arranged in a spiral around the vertical axis of the production tower .

この構成によれば、火炎ノズルがずらして配置されているので、火炎旋回流の温度が局所的に上昇しない。このため、水溶液のミストを部分的に過熱させることがなく、不純物の生成を抑えることができる。   According to this configuration, since the flame nozzles are arranged in a shifted manner, the temperature of the flame swirl does not rise locally. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the generation of impurities without partially heating the mist of the aqueous solution.

また、前記火炎噴射ノズルが、前記粉体生成塔の垂直軸周りに螺旋状に配置されているので、粉体生成塔の高さ方向に幅のある高温の反応領域を形成し、局所的な温度上昇を防止して水溶液のミストまたは生成した粉体の一部分の温度が局所的に上昇することによる不純物の生成を抑制できる。さらに、前記火炎噴射ノズルを1条の螺旋状に配置すれば、反応領域の温度ムラを少なくできる。 Further, since the flame injection nozzle is spirally arranged around the vertical axis of the powder generation tower, a high temperature reaction region having a width in the height direction of the powder generation tower is formed, It is possible to prevent the temperature from rising and to suppress the generation of impurities due to the local rise in the temperature of the mist of the aqueous solution or a part of the generated powder. Furthermore, if the flame injection nozzles are arranged in a single spiral, the temperature unevenness in the reaction region can be reduced.

また、本発明の粉体製造装置において、前記粉体生成塔は、正多角形断面の胴部を有し、前記火炎噴射ノズルは、前記胴部の正多角形の各辺に平行に、隣接する辺に設けられていてもよい。これによって、胴部の壁面から中心部に向かう火炎旋回流を形成できる。   In the powder production apparatus of the present invention, the powder generating tower has a body portion having a regular polygonal cross section, and the flame injection nozzle is adjacent to each side of the regular polygon of the body portion in parallel. It may be provided on the side to be. Thereby, a flame swirl flow from the wall surface of the trunk portion toward the center portion can be formed.

また、本発明の粉体製造装置において、前記火炎噴射ノズルは、それぞれ、前記粉体生成塔に外側に突出するように設けた火炎室に配置されていてもよい。これによって、火炎がミストに直接接触せず、高温のガスによってミストを乾燥加熱分解することができる。このため、ミストまたは生成した粉体が過熱して不純物を生じることを防止できる。   In the powder production apparatus of the present invention, each of the flame injection nozzles may be arranged in a flame chamber provided so as to protrude outward from the powder production tower. Thereby, the flame does not directly contact the mist, and the mist can be dried and thermally decomposed by the high-temperature gas. For this reason, it can prevent that a mist or the produced | generated powder | flour overheats and produces an impurity.

また、本発明の粉体製造装置において、前記火炎室は、それぞれ、流量制御された2次ガスが供給されてもよい。これによって、各火炎噴射ノズルが噴射する火炎の温度または火炎によって生じる熱風の温度を個別に制御できる。   In the powder production apparatus of the present invention, the flame chamber may be supplied with a secondary gas whose flow rate is controlled. Thereby, the temperature of the flame which each flame injection nozzle injects, or the temperature of the hot air produced by a flame can be controlled separately.

以上のように、本発明によれば、火炎噴射ノズルを高さ方向にずらして配置したので、局所的な温度上昇がなく、原料水溶液のミストまたは生成した粉体を過熱して不純物を生成することがない。   As described above, according to the present invention, since the flame injection nozzles are arranged shifted in the height direction, there is no local temperature rise, and the mist of the raw material aqueous solution or the generated powder is heated to generate impurities. There is nothing.

これより、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1に、本発明の第1実施形態の粉体製造装置1を示す。粉体製造装置1は、直立した中空六角柱状の胴部2と、胴部2の上下端をそれぞれ小径に絞るテーパ部3,4とからなる金属容器である粉体生成塔5を有する。粉体生成塔5は外表面を保温材6で覆われ、上端に、生成する粉体の原料の水溶液を粉体生成塔5の内部に下向きに噴霧する噴霧手段7を備え、胴部2に、粉体生成塔5の垂直軸周りに1条の螺旋を描くように並んで配置され、それぞれ粉体生成塔5の内部に向かって水平に火炎を噴射する火炎噴射ノズル8が複数設けられている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, the powder manufacturing apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. The powder production apparatus 1 includes a powder production tower 5 which is a metal container including an upright hollow hexagonal columnar body portion 2 and tapered portions 3 and 4 that narrow the upper and lower ends of the body portion 2 to a small diameter. The powder generation tower 5 has an outer surface covered with a heat insulating material 6, and is provided with spraying means 7 for spraying an aqueous solution of the raw material of the powder to be generated downwardly into the powder generation tower 5 at the upper end. A plurality of flame injection nozzles 8 that are arranged side by side so as to draw a single spiral around the vertical axis of the powder generation tower 5 and inject a flame horizontally toward the inside of the powder generation tower 5 are provided. Yes.

図2は、粉体生成塔5を外側から見た様子を示し、図3は、粉体生成塔5を上側から見たときの火炎噴射ノズル8の配置を示す。図示するように、火炎ノズル8は、それぞれ、粉体生成塔5の六角形の断面の各辺を形成する6つの壁面をそれぞれ貫通し、隣接する壁面に沿って平行に設けられ、粉体生成塔5の径方向に対して水平に角度θだけ傾斜し、図示するように火炎を噴射して、反時計回り(左ねじ回り)の火炎旋回流を形成する。火炎噴射ノズル8は、粉体生成塔5の下に向けて火炎旋回流と同方向の左ねじ回りに設けられている。   FIG. 2 shows the powder production tower 5 as viewed from the outside, and FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the flame injection nozzles 8 when the powder production tower 5 is seen from the upper side. As shown in the figure, each of the flame nozzles 8 passes through six wall surfaces forming each side of the hexagonal cross section of the powder generation tower 5 and is provided in parallel along the adjacent wall surfaces to generate powder. Inclined by an angle θ horizontally with respect to the radial direction of the tower 5 and injecting a flame as shown in the figure, a counterclockwise (left-handed screw) flame swirl is formed. The flame injection nozzle 8 is provided around the left-hand screw in the same direction as the flame swirl flow toward the bottom of the powder generation tower 5.

以上の構成からなる粉体製造装置1は、火炎噴射ノズル8が全て異なる高さに配置されているので、特定の高さ位置だけが高温にならない。このため、噴霧装置7から噴霧した水溶液のミストを均等に加熱し、ムラなく乾燥熱分解できる。   In the powder manufacturing apparatus 1 configured as described above, since the flame injection nozzles 8 are all arranged at different heights, only a specific height position does not become high temperature. For this reason, the mist of the aqueous solution sprayed from the spraying device 7 can be heated evenly, and dry pyrolysis can be performed without unevenness.

図4は、粉体製造装置1で、硝酸リチウムと硝酸マンガンとの混合水溶液を噴霧し、乾燥熱分解質して生成したマンガン酸リチウム粉末のX線回折装置による分析結果である。図には、30°から35°の間に、酸化マンガンを示すピークが見られず、純度の高いマンガン酸リチウム粉末が得られたことを示している。   FIG. 4 is an analysis result by an X-ray diffractometer of lithium manganate powder produced by spraying a mixed aqueous solution of lithium nitrate and manganese nitrate and drying and pyrolyzing the powder in the powder production apparatus 1. In the figure, no peak indicating manganese oxide was observed between 30 ° and 35 °, indicating that a lithium manganate powder with high purity was obtained.

続いて、図5および6に、本発明の第2実施形態の粉体製造装置1を示す。以降、先に述べたものと同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
本実施形態の粉体製造装置1は、粉体生成塔5に、外側に突出する円錐状の火炎室9を設け、火炎室9の先端部に火炎噴射ノズル8をそれぞれ配置することで、火炎噴射ノズル8が噴射する火炎が火炎室9の中に留まるようにしたものである。
5 and 6 show a powder production apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In the powder production apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the powder generation tower 5 is provided with a conical flame chamber 9 protruding outward, and a flame injection nozzle 8 is disposed at the tip of the flame chamber 9 to thereby provide a flame. The flame injected by the injection nozzle 8 remains in the flame chamber 9.

さらに、図7は、それぞれの火炎室9の先端に、火炎噴射ノズル8の火炎によって発生する気流の温度を制御するために、外気を2次ガス(空気)として導入する2次ガス供給ライン10が接続されている。2次ガス供給ライン10は、それぞれ、独立して開度調整される流量制御弁11で流量制御してブロワ12から供給される外気を火炎室9に導入する。   Further, FIG. 7 shows a secondary gas supply line 10 for introducing outside air as secondary gas (air) at the tip of each flame chamber 9 in order to control the temperature of the airflow generated by the flame of the flame injection nozzle 8. Is connected. The secondary gas supply line 10 introduces the outside air supplied from the blower 12 to the flame chamber 9 by controlling the flow rate with a flow rate control valve 11 whose opening degree is independently adjusted.

この構成によれば、高温の火炎が直接水溶液のミストに接触することがなく、火炎によって熱せられた高温のガスの旋回気流によってミストを乾燥し、熱分解する。また、火炎室9内の気流の温度が2次ガスによってそれぞれ独立して制御されるので粉体生成塔5内の旋回気流に温度ムラがない。これによって、反応温度が安定し、ミストの過熱を防止して不純物の生成を抑止できる。   According to this configuration, the high temperature flame does not directly contact the mist of the aqueous solution, and the mist is dried and thermally decomposed by the swirling airflow of the high temperature gas heated by the flame. Moreover, since the temperature of the airflow in the flame chamber 9 is independently controlled by the secondary gas, there is no temperature unevenness in the swirling airflow in the powder production tower 5. This stabilizes the reaction temperature, prevents mist overheating and suppresses the generation of impurities.

さらに、図8および9に、本発明の第3実施形態の粉体製造装置1を示す。本実施形態の火炎噴射ノズル8は、粉体生成塔5の径方向に対して第1および第2実施形態の角度θより小さい角度θ’だけ径方向に対する水平方向に角度を有し、表現を変えると、粉体生成塔5の垂直軸に正対する配置から壁面に沿って距離dだけオフセット(平行移動)した位置に設けられている。この配置によっても火炎旋回流が形成できる。   8 and 9 show a powder production apparatus 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The flame injection nozzle 8 of the present embodiment has an angle in the horizontal direction with respect to the radial direction by an angle θ ′ smaller than the angle θ of the first and second embodiments with respect to the radial direction of the powder production tower 5. In other words, it is provided at a position offset (translated) by a distance d along the wall surface from the arrangement facing the vertical axis of the powder production tower 5. A flame swirl can also be formed by this arrangement.

図10に示す第4実施形態の粉体製造装置1は、火炎噴射ノズル8を粉体生成塔5の径方向から水平に一定の角度θを有し、円筒形の粉体生成塔5に壁面に沿って火炎を噴射するように配置したものである。これによって強い回転の旋回気流を形成できる。   In the powder production apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the flame injection nozzle 8 has a constant angle θ horizontally from the radial direction of the powder production tower 5, and a wall surface is formed on the cylindrical powder production tower 5. Are arranged so as to inject flames. Thereby, a strong rotating swirl airflow can be formed.

火炎ノズル8は、図11に示す第5実施形態の粉体製造装置1のように、粉体生成塔5の径方向に近い一定の角度θ’で(軸直角位置からオフセットして)設けてもよい。   The flame nozzle 8 is provided at a constant angle θ ′ (offset from the position perpendicular to the axis) close to the radial direction of the powder production tower 5 as in the powder production apparatus 1 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. Also good.

本発明において、火炎噴射ノズル8の向きは、角度θ,θ’以外にも、火炎旋回流を形成可能であればどのような角度であってもよい、また、火炎旋回流が粉体生成塔5の下に向けて右ねじ回りになるようにしてもよい。   In the present invention, the direction of the flame injection nozzle 8 may be any angle other than the angles θ and θ ′ as long as it can form a flame swirl flow. You may make it turn right-handed toward 5 below.

また、本発明において、火炎噴射ノズル8は、火炎旋回流と逆方向のねじ回りに設けてもよい。   In the present invention, the flame injection nozzle 8 may be provided around the screw in the direction opposite to the flame swirl flow.

また、図示した粉体生成塔5は、内壁を構成する金属容器の外側を保温材で覆った2重構造であるが、成型された保温材である耐熱ボード或いはキャスタブル耐火物を用いて粉体生成塔の内壁を保温材と一体に構成してもよい。   The illustrated powder production tower 5 has a double structure in which the outer side of the metal container constituting the inner wall is covered with a heat insulating material. The inner wall of the generation tower may be formed integrally with the heat insulating material.

また、本発明の粉体製造装置において、2次ガス供給ライン10から導入されるガスや、その他、粉体生成塔に導入されるガスは、空気および、例えば、窒素や酸素など、空気以外のいかなる気体であってもよい。   Further, in the powder production apparatus of the present invention, the gas introduced from the secondary gas supply line 10 and other gas introduced into the powder production tower are air and other than air such as nitrogen and oxygen. Any gas may be used.

本発明の第1実施形態の粉体製造装置の概略図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic of the powder manufacturing apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図1の粉体製造装置の部分拡大正面図。The partial enlarged front view of the powder manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 図1の粉体製造装置の断面配置図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional arrangement view of the powder production apparatus in FIG. 1. 図1の粉体製造装置で製造したマンガン酸リチウムのXRD分析結果を示す図。The figure which shows the XRD analysis result of the lithium manganate manufactured with the powder manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 本発明の第2実施形態の粉体製造装置の部分正面図。The partial front view of the powder manufacturing apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図5の粉体製造装置の断面配置図。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional arrangement view of the powder production apparatus in FIG. 5. 図5の粉体製造装置の2次ガス供給系統図。The secondary gas supply system figure of the powder manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 本発明の第3実施形態の粉体製造装置の部分正面図。The partial front view of the powder manufacturing apparatus of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 図8の粉体製造装置の断面配置図。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional arrangement view of the powder production apparatus in FIG. 8. 本発明の第4実施形態の粉体製造装置の部分正面図。The partial front view of the powder manufacturing apparatus of 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第5実施形態の粉体製造装置の部分正面図。The partial front view of the powder manufacturing apparatus of 5th Embodiment of this invention. 従来の粉体製造装置で製造したマンガン酸リチウムのXRD分析結果を示す図。The figure which shows the XRD analysis result of the lithium manganate manufactured with the conventional powder manufacturing apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 粉体製造装置
5 粉体生成塔
7 噴霧装置
8 火炎噴射ノズル
9 火炎室
10 2次ガス供給ライン
11 流量制御弁
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Powder production apparatus 5 Powder production tower 7 Spraying apparatus 8 Flame injection nozzle 9 Flame chamber 10 Secondary gas supply line 11 Flow control valve

Claims (5)

内部に原料水溶液を噴霧する噴霧手段と、内部に向かって火炎を噴射する複数の火炎噴射ノズルとを備える直立筒状の粉体生成塔を有する粉体製造装置であって、
前記複数の火炎噴射ノズルは、前記粉体生成塔の径方向に対して水平に一定の角度を有し、互いに高さをずらして、前記粉体生成塔の垂直軸周りに螺旋状に配置されていることを特徴とする粉体製造装置。
A powder production apparatus having an upright cylindrical powder generation tower comprising spraying means for spraying an aqueous raw material solution inside and a plurality of flame injection nozzles for spraying a flame toward the inside,
The plurality of flame injection nozzles have a certain horizontal angle with respect to the radial direction of the powder production tower, and are arranged in a spiral around the vertical axis of the powder production tower , being offset from each other. The powder manufacturing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記火炎噴射ノズルは、1条の螺旋状に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項に記載の粉体製造装置。 The powder manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the flame injection nozzles are arranged in a single spiral shape. 前記粉体生成塔は、正多角形断面の胴部を有し、
前記火炎噴射ノズルは、前記胴部の正多角形の各辺に平行に、隣接する辺に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の粉体製造装置。
The powder production tower has a body portion having a regular polygon cross section,
3. The powder manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flame injection nozzle is provided on an adjacent side in parallel with each side of the regular polygon of the body portion.
前記火炎噴射ノズルは、それぞれ、前記粉体生成塔に外側に突出するように設けた火炎室に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の粉体製造装置。 The flame injection nozzle, respectively, the powder production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is arranged in the flame chamber provided so as to protrude outwardly in the powder product column. 前記火炎室は、それぞれ、流量制御された2次ガスが供給されることを特徴とする請求項に記載の粉体製造装置。 The powder manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the flame chamber is supplied with a secondary gas whose flow rate is controlled.
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