JP4552941B2 - Method for purifying and producing aniline - Google Patents

Method for purifying and producing aniline Download PDF

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JP4552941B2
JP4552941B2 JP2007004285A JP2007004285A JP4552941B2 JP 4552941 B2 JP4552941 B2 JP 4552941B2 JP 2007004285 A JP2007004285 A JP 2007004285A JP 2007004285 A JP2007004285 A JP 2007004285A JP 4552941 B2 JP4552941 B2 JP 4552941B2
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aniline
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aqueous solution
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alkali
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浩二 岩本
安志 上田
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Description

本発明はアニリンの精製方法および製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for purifying and producing aniline.

アニリンは、一般に、触媒の存在下に気相または液相でニトロベンゼンを水添して製造される。この反応においては通常、目的生成物以外にフェノールおよびその誘導体等の副生物が生成する。反応生成物は、通常、冷却して凝縮させ、油水分離し、油相および水相をそれぞれ蒸留してアニリンを得ている。油相である粗アニリンは、例えば、表1に示す組成を有している。   Aniline is generally produced by hydrogenating nitrobenzene in the gas phase or liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst. In this reaction, by-products such as phenol and derivatives thereof are usually generated in addition to the target product. The reaction product is usually cooled and condensed, separated into oil and water, and the oil phase and the aqueous phase are distilled to obtain aniline. The crude aniline that is the oil phase has, for example, the composition shown in Table 1.

Figure 0004552941
Figure 0004552941

粗アニリンを蒸留して得られる製品アニリンには、成分は定かでないが、着色性不純物が混入し、製品アニリンが着色する問題があった。これを解決するために、粗アニリンを固形の苛性ソーダと接触後、蒸留することによって着色しないアニリンを得る方法が知られている(特許文献1参照。)。しかしながら、この方法は高沸廃油の粘性が高くなり、取扱いが困難であること、また高濃度の苛性ソーダを高温(約100℃〜150℃)で扱うために、蒸留塔が腐食しやすいという問題を有している。   The product aniline obtained by distilling the crude aniline has a problem of coloring the product aniline due to contamination with coloring impurities although the ingredients are not clear. In order to solve this, a method is known in which crude aniline is contacted with solid caustic soda and then distilled to obtain aniline that is not colored (see Patent Document 1). However, this method has problems that the viscosity of high boiling waste oil is high and difficult to handle, and that high concentration caustic soda is handled at a high temperature (about 100 ° C. to 150 ° C.), so that the distillation tower is easily corroded. Have.

一方、アニリン中の不純物として、フェノールは30ppm以下、高沸点分は0.1%以下にすることが望まれている。これらの濃度はJIS K 4109に規定されている。
フェノールの沸点(181.4℃)とアニリンの沸点(184.4℃)は極めて近接しており、これらの分離を通常の蒸留塔で行うとエネルギー消費が多くなり、経済的ではない。
On the other hand, as impurities in aniline, phenol is desired to be 30 ppm or less, and high boiling point content is desired to be 0.1% or less. These concentrations are defined in JIS K 4109.
The boiling point of phenol (181.4 ° C.) and the boiling point of aniline (184.4 ° C.) are very close to each other. When these separations are carried out in a normal distillation column, energy consumption increases, which is not economical.

また、フェノール類を含有する粗アニリンとアルカリ濃度が0.1〜0.7重量%のアルカリ水溶液とを接触させることで、フェノール類の濃度が30ppm以下のアニリンが得られることが知られている(特許文献2参照。)。しかしながら、該精製方法は、更に高品質(例えば、フェノール類濃度5ppm以下)のアニリンを得るには不十分であり、また、粗アニリンが大量のフェノール類(例えば、フェノール類濃度300ppm以上)を含有しているときには、フェノール類を十分除去しきれなかった。   In addition, it is known that aniline having a phenol concentration of 30 ppm or less can be obtained by contacting a crude aniline containing phenol with an alkali aqueous solution having an alkali concentration of 0.1 to 0.7% by weight. (See Patent Document 2). However, the purification method is insufficient to obtain aniline of higher quality (for example, phenol concentration of 5 ppm or less), and the crude aniline contains a large amount of phenol (for example, phenol concentration of 300 ppm or more). During the process, the phenols could not be removed sufficiently.

特開昭49−35341号公報JP-A-49-35341 特開平8−295654号公報JP-A-8-295654

本発明の目的は、高沸廃油の取扱いや、蒸留塔の腐食を問題にすることなく、高品質のアニリンを得ることができるアニリンの精製方法および製造方法を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a purification method and a production method of aniline capable of obtaining high-quality aniline without causing a problem of handling high boiling waste oil and corrosion of a distillation tower.

本発明は下記の発明を提供する。
(1) ニトロベンゼンの水添反応によって得られた粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との混合および該混合物の油水分離からなる接触処理を2回以上行い、得られた油相を蒸留してアニリンを得るアニリンの精製方法。
(2) 前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水およびアルカリ水溶液に含まれる水の合計量または前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水、アルカリ水溶液に含まれる水およびさらに加える水の合計量と、アルカリの量とから求められるアルカリ濃度が、0.1〜0.7重量%である前記(1)記載の精製方法。
(3) アルカリ水溶液が、油水分離して得た水相を蒸留して蒸留塔の塔頂から得られた回収水を用いて調製したアルカリ水溶液である前記(1)記載の精製方法。
(4) 前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水およびアルカリ水溶液に含まれる水の合計量または前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水、アルカリ水溶液に含まれる水およびさらに加える水の合計量と、アルカリの量とから求められるアルカリ濃度が、0.1〜4.5重量%である前記(3)記載の精製方法。
(5) アルカリ水溶液が、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液または水酸化カリウム水溶液である前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の精製方法。
(6) ニトロベンゼンを水添して粗アニリンを得る工程、ならびに該粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との混合および該混合物の油水分離からなる接触処理を2回以上行い、得られた油相を蒸留してアニリンを得る工程を有するアニリンの製造方法。
The present invention provides the following inventions.
(1) The contact of aniline obtained by hydrogenation of nitrobenzene with a mixture of crude aniline and aqueous alkali solution and oil-water separation of the mixture is performed twice or more, and the oil phase obtained is distilled to obtain aniline. Purification method.
(2) The total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment and the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, or the water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment, the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, and further added water The purification method according to (1), wherein the alkali concentration determined from the total amount and the amount of alkali is 0.1 to 0.7% by weight.
(3) The purification method according to the above (1), wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is an alkaline aqueous solution prepared by using the recovered water obtained from the top of the distillation column by distilling the aqueous phase obtained by oil-water separation.
(4) The total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment and the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, or the water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment, the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, and further added water The purification method according to (3), wherein the alkali concentration determined from the total amount and the amount of alkali is 0.1 to 4.5% by weight.
(5) The purification method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution.
(6) Nitrobenzene is hydrogenated to obtain crude aniline, and contact treatment comprising mixing of the crude aniline and aqueous alkali solution and oil-water separation of the mixture is performed twice or more, and the obtained oil phase is distilled. The manufacturing method of aniline which has the process of obtaining aniline.

本発明により、高沸廃油の取扱いや、蒸留塔の腐食を問題にすることなく、高品質のアニリンを容易に得ることができ、粗アニリンがフェノール類を300ppm以上の高濃度で含んでいてもフェノール類を効果的に除去することができる。   According to the present invention, high-quality aniline can be easily obtained without causing problems with handling of high-boiling waste oil and corrosion of the distillation tower, and even if the crude aniline contains phenols at a high concentration of 300 ppm or more. Phenols can be effectively removed.

本発明で用いられるアルカリとは、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩基性化合物をいい、その具体例としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素カリウムが挙げられる。反応性、分液性等の点から水酸化ナトリウムまたは水酸化カリウムが好ましく用いられる。   The alkali used in the present invention refers to a basic compound of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and specific examples thereof include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate. Is mentioned. Sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is preferably used from the viewpoint of reactivity, liquid separation, and the like.

本発明においては、粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との接触処理を2回以上行う。該接触処理の回数が多いほど効果的な精製ができるが、回数が多すぎると不経済であり、該接触処理の回数として好ましくは2〜4回であり、特に好ましくは2回である。該接触処理は、粗アニリンに所定濃度のアルカリ水溶液を加えて混合し、得られた混合物を油水分離する処理である。ニトロベンゼンの水添反応においては、水が副生する。粗アニリンとしてはこの水を含んだまま用いてもよいし、水を除去してから用いてもよい。アルカリ水溶液の濃度は、粗アニリンが含んでいるかもしれない水を考慮して調整する。また、別途、濃度調整のための水を加えてもよい。   In the present invention, the contact treatment between the crude aniline and the aqueous alkaline solution is performed twice or more. The more the number of contact treatments, the more effective purification is possible, but too many times are uneconomical, and the number of contact treatments is preferably 2 to 4 times, particularly preferably 2 times. The contact treatment is a treatment in which an aqueous alkaline solution having a predetermined concentration is added to and mixed with crude aniline, and the resulting mixture is separated into oil and water. Water is by-produced in the hydrogenation reaction of nitrobenzene. The crude aniline may be used while containing this water, or may be used after removing the water. The concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution is adjusted in consideration of the water that the crude aniline may contain. Separately, water for adjusting the concentration may be added.

本発明においては、水相のアルカリ濃度として好ましくは約0.1重量%〜0.7重量%、さらに好ましくは約0.15重量%〜0.65重量%である。アルカリ濃度が低いとフェノール類を十分に除去するために多量のアルカリ水溶液を必要とし、経済的でない。またアルカリ濃度が高いと油相と水相の上下が反転したり、分液性が悪化したり、次工程へのアルカリ持込み量が増加するので好ましくない。ここで、本発明におけるアルカリ濃度は、前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水およびアルカリ水溶液に含まれる水の合計量、または、前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水、アルカリ水溶液に含まれる水およびさらに加える水の合計量と、アルカリの量とから求める。すなわち、アルカリ濃度(重量%)=アルカリの量/(アルカリの量+上記水の合計量)×100という式により求める。ここでいう前記接触処理に付されるアニリンとしては、粗アニリンや、接触処理後さらに接触処理に付されるアニリンが挙げられる。   In the present invention, the alkali concentration of the aqueous phase is preferably about 0.1 wt% to 0.7 wt%, more preferably about 0.15 wt% to 0.65 wt%. If the alkali concentration is low, a large amount of alkaline aqueous solution is required to sufficiently remove phenols, which is not economical. On the other hand, if the alkali concentration is high, the upper and lower sides of the oil phase and the aqueous phase are reversed, the liquid separation property is deteriorated, and the amount of alkali brought into the next process is increased. Here, the alkali concentration in the present invention is the total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment and the water contained in the aqueous alkaline solution, or the water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment, the alkaline aqueous solution. It is calculated | required from the total amount of the water contained and water to add, and the amount of alkali. That is, the alkali concentration (% by weight) = amount of alkali / (amount of alkali + total amount of water) × 100. Examples of the aniline that is subjected to the contact treatment here include crude aniline and aniline that is further subjected to the contact treatment after the contact treatment.

アルカリ水溶液の調製には、前記油水分離して得た水相を蒸留して蒸留塔の塔頂から回収した水相(回収水)を利用するのが好ましい。該回収水は通常、前記水添反応の副生物であるアンモニアを約0.1〜7重量%含有しているので、比重が1より低い。この回収水を使用することによって、使用するアルカリ水溶液の濃度を高くすることができ、アルカリ濃度を約4.5重量%まで上げても油相と水相の上下が反転することなく、分液性が悪化することもない。フェノール類の除去に関してはアルカリ濃度が高い方が好ましい。該回収水を用いて調製したアルカリ水溶液は、2回目以降の接触処理に好ましく使用される。   For the preparation of the aqueous alkaline solution, it is preferable to use an aqueous phase (recovered water) recovered from the top of the distillation column by distilling the aqueous phase obtained by the oil-water separation. The recovered water usually contains about 0.1 to 7% by weight of ammonia, which is a byproduct of the hydrogenation reaction, so that the specific gravity is lower than 1. By using this recovered water, the concentration of the aqueous alkali solution used can be increased, and even when the alkali concentration is increased to about 4.5% by weight, the upper and lower sides of the oil phase and the aqueous phase are not reversed, and the liquid is separated. Sex does not deteriorate. For removal of phenols, a higher alkali concentration is preferred. The aqueous alkali solution prepared using the recovered water is preferably used for the second and subsequent contact treatments.

また、アルカリとフェノール類との量比は、粗アニリン中のフェノール類の濃度にもよるが、アルカリがアルカリ金属の塩基性化合物である場合には、アルカリ金属とフェノール類とのモル比として通常3〜500、好ましくは10〜200であり、アルカリがアルカリ土類金属の塩基性化合物である場合には、アルカリ土類金属とフェノール類とのモル比として通常1.5〜250、好ましくは5〜100である。アルカリの量が少ないと十分なフェノール類の除去ができず、多いとアルカリの量が多くなり、経済的ではない。   The amount ratio of alkali to phenols depends on the concentration of phenols in the crude aniline, but when the alkali is an alkali metal basic compound, the molar ratio of alkali metal to phenols is usually 3 to 500, preferably 10 to 200. When the alkali is a basic compound of an alkaline earth metal, the molar ratio of the alkaline earth metal to the phenol is usually 1.5 to 250, preferably 5 ~ 100. If the amount of alkali is small, sufficient phenols cannot be removed. If the amount is large, the amount of alkali increases, which is not economical.

粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との混合時間は、粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液の接触が十分に行われさえすれば、特に制限されるものではない。   The mixing time of the crude aniline and the aqueous alkaline solution is not particularly limited as long as the contact between the crude aniline and the aqueous alkaline solution is sufficiently performed.

混合後、静置し、油水分離し、水相および油相をそれぞれ蒸留して、アニリン、水、低沸点物および高沸点物を分離する。油相部分は、通常、圧力約8〜30kPaA、温度約110〜140℃で蒸留することによって、フェノール類濃度が30ppm以下(通常、殆ど含有せず)の、着色のない精製アニリンが得られる。   After mixing, the mixture is allowed to stand, oil-water separation is performed, and the water phase and the oil phase are distilled to separate aniline, water, low-boiling substances, and high-boiling substances. The oil phase portion is usually distilled at a pressure of about 8 to 30 kPaA and a temperature of about 110 to 140 ° C. to obtain a purified aniline having no coloring and having a phenol concentration of 30 ppm or less (usually hardly contained).

この際、高沸廃油の粘性が、取扱いが困難になるほど高くなったり、アルカリによる腐食が起こったりすることは殆どない。   At this time, the viscosity of the high-boiling waste oil does not become so high that it becomes difficult to handle or corrosion due to alkali hardly occurs.

本発明の方法は、連続法でも、回分法でも容易に実施可能である。   The method of the present invention can be easily carried out by a continuous method or a batch method.

本発明の精製方法に係るプロセスフローダイアグラム(PFD)の一例を図1に示す。反応器1は、ニトロベンゼンを水添して粗アニリンを得る反応器である。反応器1からの反応ガスは冷却器2で冷却し、反応生成物を凝縮させる。気液分離槽3で気液分離し、気相13は一部パージしつつ循環使用する。液相にはアルカリ水溶液9を添加し、混合し、接触させる。混合物は油水分離槽4で油水分離し、水相は水相貯槽7に送液する。油相には油相貯槽5を経由してアルカリ水溶液10を添加し、混合し、接触させる。混合物は油水分離槽6で油水分離し、水相は水相貯槽7に送液し、油相は油相貯槽8に送液する。アルカリ水溶液は送液ラインに添加する方法に限られるものではなく、気液分離槽3および/または油相貯槽5に添加して行ってもよい。   An example of a process flow diagram (PFD) according to the purification method of the present invention is shown in FIG. The reactor 1 is a reactor in which nitrobenzene is hydrogenated to obtain crude aniline. The reaction gas from the reactor 1 is cooled by the cooler 2 to condense the reaction product. Gas-liquid separation is performed in the gas-liquid separation tank 3, and the gas phase 13 is circulated and used while being partially purged. The aqueous alkaline solution 9 is added to the liquid phase, mixed and brought into contact. The mixture is oil-water separated in the oil / water separation tank 4, and the aqueous phase is sent to the water phase storage tank 7. The alkaline aqueous solution 10 is added to the oil phase via the oil phase storage tank 5, mixed, and brought into contact. The mixture is oil-water separated in the oil / water separation tank 6, the water phase is sent to the water phase storage tank 7, and the oil phase is sent to the oil phase storage tank 8. The alkaline aqueous solution is not limited to the method of adding to the liquid feed line, and may be added to the gas-liquid separation tank 3 and / or the oil phase storage tank 5.

分離して得た水相および油相をそれぞれ蒸留して、アニリン、水、低沸点物および高沸点物に分離精製するPFDの一例を図2に示す。水相を、水相貯槽7から送液ライン11を介して蒸留塔21に供給して蒸留し、塔底からフェノール類を含有する水溶液を取り出す。これは、通常、排水として処理する。塔頂から水および有機物が留出し、これを冷却して凝縮させ、油水分離器24で水相と油相に分離する。水相は水相貯槽7に送液し、蒸留塔21に循環する。この水相は、ニトロベンゼンを水添した時の副生物であるアンモニアを含み、比重が1より小さくなっているので、上記のアルカリ水溶液を調製するのに使用するのが好ましい。油相は油相貯槽8に回収する。   FIG. 2 shows an example of a PFD in which the water phase and the oil phase obtained by separation are distilled to separate and purify them into aniline, water, low-boiling substances and high-boiling substances. The aqueous phase is distilled from the aqueous phase storage tank 7 via the liquid feed line 11 to the distillation tower 21 and an aqueous solution containing phenols is taken out from the bottom of the tower. This is usually treated as waste water. Water and organic matter are distilled from the top of the column, cooled and condensed, and separated into an aqueous phase and an oil phase by the oil / water separator 24. The aqueous phase is sent to the aqueous phase storage tank 7 and circulated to the distillation tower 21. This aqueous phase contains ammonia, which is a by-product when hydrogenating nitrobenzene, and has a specific gravity of less than 1, so it is preferably used for preparing the alkaline aqueous solution. The oil phase is recovered in the oil phase storage tank 8.

油相を、油相貯槽8から送液ライン12を介して蒸留塔22に供給して蒸留し、塔頂から水、低沸点物等を留出させ、これを冷却して凝縮させ、油水分離器25で水相と油相に分離する。有機物を含む水相は水相貯槽7に回収する。油相は低沸点物として取り出し、燃焼等の処理をする。塔底から高沸点物を含有するアニリンを取り出し、これを蒸留塔23に供給して蒸留し、塔底から高沸点物を取り出し、燃焼等の処理をする。塔頂からは精製したアニリンを取り出す。   The oil phase is supplied to the distillation column 22 from the oil phase storage tank 8 via the liquid feed line 12 and distilled, and water, low-boiling substances, etc. are distilled from the top of the column, cooled and condensed, and separated into oil and water. Separator 25 separates the water phase and the oil phase. The aqueous phase containing organic matter is recovered in the aqueous phase storage tank 7. The oil phase is taken out as a low-boiling point product and treated such as combustion. The aniline containing a high boiling point substance is taken out from the bottom of the column, supplied to the distillation tower 23 and distilled, and the high boiling point is taken out from the bottom of the column and treated such as combustion. Purified aniline is taken out from the top.

ここで、蒸留塔21の塔頂から分離した油相は油相貯槽8ではなく、蒸留塔22の塔頂に回収してもよい。また、油水分離器25で分離した低沸点物にはアニリンが含まれるので、これを図示していない蒸留塔で蒸留し、塔底からアニリンを含有する有機物を取り出し、蒸留塔22に回収してもよい。この時、塔頂からは低沸点物を含む水相を取り出し、水相は水相貯槽7に回収する。   Here, the oil phase separated from the top of the distillation column 21 may be recovered not at the oil phase storage tank 8 but at the top of the distillation column 22. Moreover, since the low boiling point substance separated by the oil / water separator 25 contains aniline, it is distilled in a distillation tower (not shown), and an organic substance containing aniline is taken out from the bottom of the tower and recovered in the distillation tower 22. Also good. At this time, an aqueous phase containing a low boiling point substance is taken out from the top of the tower, and the aqueous phase is recovered in the aqueous phase storage tank 7.

以下、本発明を実施例で詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to this.

比較例3(旧実施例1)
ニトロベンゼンを水添して得られた反応生成物を油水分離して粗アニリン(フェノール類濃度174ppm)を得た。混合器に、粗アニリン(油相)345gおよび水137gを入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.67gを加えて、35℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、26ppmであった。次に、この油相172g、および水68gを混合器に入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.83gを加えて、20℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、2ppmであった。この油相を蒸留することによって、腐食を起こすことなく、無着色でフェノール類を殆ど含まないアニリンが得られる。
Comparative example 3 (old example 1)
The reaction product obtained by hydrogenating nitrobenzene was separated into oil and water to obtain crude aniline (phenol concentration 174 ppm). Into the mixer, 345 g of crude aniline (oil phase) and 137 g of water were added, and 1.67 g of 25 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added so that the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase portion was 0.3 wt%. Mixed at 0 ° C. and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 26 ppm. Next, 172 g of this oil phase and 68 g of water are put into a mixer, and 0.83 g of 25 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added so that the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase portion is 0.3 wt%. Mixed at 0 ° C. and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 2 ppm. By distilling this oil phase, aniline which is uncolored and hardly contains phenols can be obtained without causing corrosion.

実施例2
実施例1における1回目の接触処理で得られた油相(フェノール類濃度26ppm)172g、および実施例1における1回目の接触処理で得られた水相を蒸留して塔頂から分離回収した回収水(アニリン濃度:4重量%、アンモニア濃度:4重量%)68gを混合器に入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.83gを加えて、20℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、0.6ppmであった。この油相を蒸留することによって、腐食を起こすことなく、無着色でフェノール類を殆ど含まないアニリンが得られる。
Example 2
172 g of the oil phase (phenol concentration 26 ppm) obtained in the first contact treatment in Example 1 and the aqueous phase obtained in the first contact treatment in Example 1 were distilled and recovered from the tower top. 68 g of water (aniline concentration: 4% by weight, ammonia concentration: 4% by weight) was put in a mixer, and 25% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added so that the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase became 0.3% by weight. 83g was added, mixed at 20 ° C and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 0.6 ppm. By distilling this oil phase, aniline which is uncolored and hardly contains phenols can be obtained without causing corrosion.

実施例3
ニトロベンゼンを水添して得られた反応生成物を油水分離して粗アニリン(フェノール類濃度522ppm)を得た。混合器に、粗アニリン(油相)174gおよび水67gを入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.82gを加え、35℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、117ppmであった。次に、この油相174g、および実施例2と同じ方法で得た回収水(アニリン濃度:4重量%、アンモニア濃度:4重量%)67gを混合器に入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.82gを加え、20℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、11ppmであった。この油相を蒸留することによって、腐食を起こすことなく、無着色でフェノールを殆ど含まないアニリンが得られる。
Example 3
The reaction product obtained by hydrogenating nitrobenzene was separated into oil and water to obtain crude aniline (phenol concentration 522 ppm). Into the mixer, 174 g of crude aniline (oil phase) and 67 g of water were added, 0.82 g of 25 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added so that the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase was 0.3 wt%, and 35 ° C. And contact. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 117 ppm. Next, 174 g of this oil phase and 67 g of recovered water (aniline concentration: 4 wt%, ammonia concentration: 4 wt%) obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 were put in a mixer, and the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase portion was 0.82 g of 25 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added so that the amount of the solution was 0.3 wt%, mixed at 20 ° C, and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was performed using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured. As a result, it was 11 ppm. By distilling this oil phase, aniline which is not colored and contains almost no phenol can be obtained without causing corrosion.

比較例1
混合器に、実施例3と同じ方法で得た粗アニリン(油相)174g(油相のフェノール類濃度522ppm)、および水134gを入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.3重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.61gを加え、35℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、56ppmであった。この油相を蒸留することによって、無着色でフェノール類を殆ど含まないアニリンを得ることはかなり困難である。
Comparative Example 1
In a mixer, 174 g of crude aniline (oil phase) obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 (oil phase phenol concentration: 522 ppm) and 134 g of water were added, and the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase portion was 0.3 wt%. Then, 1.61 g of 25 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added, mixed at 35 ° C., and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 56 ppm. By distilling this oil phase, it is quite difficult to obtain aniline which is uncolored and hardly contains phenols.

比較例2
混合器に、実施例3と同じ方法で得た粗アニリン(油相)174g(油相のフェノール類濃度522ppm)、および水67gを入れ、水相部分の水酸化ナトリウム濃度が0.6重量%になるように25重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.61gを加え、35℃で混合し、接触させた。次いで分液ロートで油水分離し、油相のフェノール類濃度を測定した結果、67ppmであった。この油相を蒸留することによって、無着色でフェノール類を殆ど含まないアニリンを得ることはかなり困難である。
Comparative Example 2
In a mixer, 174 g of crude aniline (oil phase) obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 (oil phase phenol concentration: 522 ppm) and 67 g of water were added, and the sodium hydroxide concentration in the aqueous phase portion was 0.6% by weight. Then, 1.61 g of 25 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added, mixed at 35 ° C., and contacted. Subsequently, oil-water separation was carried out using a separatory funnel, and the phenol concentration in the oil phase was measured and found to be 67 ppm. By distilling this oil phase, it is quite difficult to obtain aniline which is uncolored and hardly contains phenols.

本発明の精製方法に係るプロセスフローダイアグラム(PFD)の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the process flow diagram (PFD) which concerns on the purification method of this invention. 分離した水相および油相をそれぞれ蒸留して、アニリン、水、低沸点物および高沸点物に分離精製するプロセスフローダイアグラム(PFD)の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the process flow diagram (PFD) which isolate | separates and isolate | separates the water phase and oil phase which were isolate | separated into aniline, water, a low boiling point thing, and a high boiling point thing, respectively.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 反応器
2 冷却器
3 気液分離槽
4、6 油水分離槽
5、8 油相貯槽
7 水相貯槽
9、10 アルカリ水溶液
21、22、23 蒸留塔
24、25 油水分離器
27 排水
28 低沸点物
29 製品アニリン
30 高沸点物
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reactor 2 Cooler 3 Gas-liquid separation tank 4, 6 Oil / water separation tank 5, 8 Oil phase storage tank 7 Water phase storage tank 9, 10 Alkaline aqueous solution 21, 22, 23 Distillation tower 24, 25 Oil / water separator 27 Waste water 28 Low boiling point Product 29 product aniline 30 high boiling point product

Claims (5)

ニトロベンゼンの水添反応によって得られた粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との混合および該混合物の油水分離からなる接触処理を2回以上行い、得られた油相を蒸留してアニリンを得るアニリンの精製方法であって、2回目以降の接触処理に使用されるアルカリ水溶液が、油水分離して得た水相を蒸留して蒸留塔の塔頂から得られた回収水を用いて調製したアルカリ水溶液であるアニリンの精製方法A method for purifying aniline, wherein the contact treatment comprising mixing of the crude aniline obtained by the hydrogenation reaction of nitrobenzene with an aqueous alkaline solution and oil-water separation of the mixture is performed twice or more, and the resulting oil phase is distilled to obtain aniline. An aniline, which is an alkaline aqueous solution prepared using recovered water obtained from the top of a distillation column by distilling an aqueous phase obtained by oil-water separation, from an alkaline aqueous solution used for the second and subsequent contact treatments Purification method . 前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水およびアルカリ水溶液に含まれる水の合計量または前記接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水、アルカリ水溶液に含まれる水およびさらに加える水の合計量と、アルカリの量とから求められるアルカリ濃度が、0.1〜0.7重量%である請求項1記載の精製方法。   The total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment and the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, or the total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the contact treatment, the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, and further added water; The purification method according to claim 1, wherein the alkali concentration determined from the amount of alkali is 0.1 to 0.7% by weight. 2回目以降の接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水およびアルカリ水溶液に含まれる水の合計量または2回目以降の接触処理に付されるアニリンに含まれる水、アルカリ水溶液に含まれる水およびさらに加える水の合計量と、アルカリの量とから求められるアルカリ濃度が、0.1〜4.5重量%である請求項記載の精製方法。 The total amount of water contained in the aniline subjected to the second and subsequent contact treatments and the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution or the water contained in the aniline subjected to the second and subsequent contact treatments, the water contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, and further the total amount of the alkali concentration determined from the amount of the alkali of water added is, the purification method of claim 1, wherein a 0.1 to 4.5 wt%. アルカリ水溶液が、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液または水酸化カリウム水溶液である請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の精製方法。 The purification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. ニトロベンゼンを水添して粗アニリンを得る工程、ならびに該粗アニリンとアルカリ水溶液との混合および該混合物の油水分離からなる接触処理を2回以上行い、得られた油相を蒸留してアニリンを得る工程を有するアニリンの製造方法であって、2回目以降の接触処理に使用されるアルカリ水溶液が、油水分離して得た水相を蒸留して蒸留塔の塔頂から得られた回収水を用いて調製したアルカリ水溶液であるアニリンの製造方法Nitrobenzene is hydrogenated to obtain crude aniline, and contact treatment comprising mixing the crude aniline and aqueous alkali solution and oil-water separation of the mixture is performed twice or more, and the resulting oil phase is distilled to obtain aniline. A method for producing aniline having a step, wherein an alkaline aqueous solution used for the second and subsequent contact treatments uses recovered water obtained from the top of a distillation column by distilling an aqueous phase obtained by oil-water separation. A method for producing aniline, which is an aqueous alkali solution prepared in the above .
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