JP4544448B2 - Lubricating oil supply device in power transmission mechanism of traveling work machine - Google Patents

Lubricating oil supply device in power transmission mechanism of traveling work machine Download PDF

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JP4544448B2
JP4544448B2 JP2003343108A JP2003343108A JP4544448B2 JP 4544448 B2 JP4544448 B2 JP 4544448B2 JP 2003343108 A JP2003343108 A JP 2003343108A JP 2003343108 A JP2003343108 A JP 2003343108A JP 4544448 B2 JP4544448 B2 JP 4544448B2
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oil supply
oil
case
hydraulic
transmission mechanism
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JP2005106231A (en
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陽一朗 西
茂實 日高
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/027—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for venting gearboxes, e.g. air breathers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
    • F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
    • F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0402—Cleaning of lubricants, e.g. filters or magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Description

本発明は、農作業に使用されるトラクター又は土木作業に使用されるホィルローダ等の走行作業機において、これに搭載したエンジン等の主動側における動力を走行車輪等の従動側に伝達するための歯車列等の動力伝達機構に対する潤滑油の給油装置に関するものである。   The present invention is a traveling work machine such as a tractor used for agricultural work or a wheel loader used for civil engineering work, and a gear train for transmitting power on the driving side such as an engine mounted thereon to a driven side such as a running wheel. The present invention relates to a lubricating oil supply device for a power transmission mechanism such as the above.

一般に、前記したトラクター又はホィルローダ等の走行作業機においては、その走行ミッション等に、歯車式の動力伝達機構を使用し、この動力伝達機構を、密閉ケース内に設けるという構成にしている（特許文献１等を参照）。   In general, a traveling work machine such as a tractor or a wheel loader uses a gear-type power transmission mechanism for its traveling mission and the like, and this power transmission mechanism is provided in a sealed case (Patent Document). (See 1 etc.).

この場合、従来は、前記密閉ケース内に設けられる動力伝達機構に対する潤滑は、前記密閉ケース内に、潤滑油を、その上部における給油口から注入することによって適宜深さに溜め、この溜めた潤滑油に対して歯車等の一部を浸漬することによって行うように構成しているのが通例であった。
実公平６−２６４２８号公報 In this case, conventionally, the lubrication for the power transmission mechanism provided in the sealed case is appropriately accumulated by injecting the lubricating oil into the sealed case from an oil supply port in the upper part thereof. It is customary to perform this by immersing a part of a gear or the like in oil.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-26428

しかし、このような潤滑方式は、簡単な構成で確実な潤滑を達成できる利点を有するが、その反面、密閉ケース内の底に溜めた潤滑油は、走行機体の振動及び歯車機構の回転にて激しく、且つ、高く撥ね上げられることになるから、前記密閉ケースの上部における給油口、及び前記密閉ケースの上部に設けられている下向きＵ字状のブリーザパイプから密閉ケース外に漏れ出ることが発生するおそれが大きいという問題があった。   However, such a lubrication method has an advantage that reliable lubrication can be achieved with a simple configuration.On the other hand, the lubricating oil accumulated in the bottom of the sealed case is caused by vibration of the traveling machine body and rotation of the gear mechanism. Since it will be violently and highly repelled, it will leak out of the sealed case from the oil filler opening at the top of the sealed case and the downward U-shaped breather pipe provided at the top of the sealed case There was a problem that there was a great risk of doing.

また、前記給油口を塞ぐ給油栓に、前記ブリーザパイプに代えて空気通路を設ける場合には、この空気通路を、潤滑油の流出がなく、且つ空気の流通のみを許容するようにラビリンス通路に構成しなればならないのであった。   In addition, when an air passage is provided in place of the breather pipe in the oil filler plug that closes the oil filler opening, the air passage serves as a labyrinth passage so that there is no outflow of lubricating oil and only air circulation is allowed. It had to be configured.

本発明は、これらの問題を解消することを技術的課題とするものである。   This invention makes it a technical subject to eliminate these problems.

この技術的課題を達成するため本発明の請求項１は、走行機体（２）に搭載した密閉ケース（１２）内に動力伝達機構（１４）を設け、前記動力伝達機構（１４）によって主動側から従動側へ動力を伝達するように構成した走行作業機において、
前記密閉ケース（１２）のうち前記密閉ケース（１２）の内底に溜めた潤滑油の油面よりも高い部位に設けた給油室（１６）と、前記給油室（１６）の底部を、前記密閉ケース（１２）内と前記潤滑油の油面よりも高い部位において連通させる連通孔（１８）と、前記給油室（１６）の上部に設けた給油口（２０）と、前記給油口（２０）に着脱自在に設けた給油栓（２１）とを備えた構造であって、
前記密閉ケース（１２）の油圧機器設置部に前記給油室（１６）を形成し、前記密閉ケース（１２）内の前記動力伝達機構（１４）を設けた側に、前記連通孔（１８）を介して前記給油室（１６）を開放させるように構成したことを特徴としている。 In order to achieve this technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides a power transmission mechanism (14) in a sealed case (12) mounted on a traveling machine body (2), and the power transmission mechanism (14) provides a main drive side. In a traveling work machine configured to transmit power from the driven side to the driven side,
An oil supply chamber (16) provided at a position higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil accumulated in the inner bottom of the sealed case (12) in the sealed case (12), and a bottom portion of the oil supply chamber (16), A communication hole (18) communicating with the inside of the sealed case (12) at a position higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil, an oil supply port (20) provided in an upper portion of the oil supply chamber (16), and the oil supply port (20 ) And a refueling plug (21) provided detachably,
The oil supply chamber (16) is formed in the hydraulic equipment installation portion of the sealed case (12) , and the communication hole (18) is provided on the side of the sealed case (12) where the power transmission mechanism (14) is provided. The fuel supply chamber (16) is configured to be opened through the opening.

前記請求項１のように構成することにより、給油室内に、その上部における給油口から
注入した潤滑油は、当該給油室内からその底部の連通孔を通って密閉ケース内に流入し
て、この密閉ケースの内底部に溜まり、そして、この潤滑油は、動力伝達機構の回転により激しく、且つ、高く撥ね上げられることになる。 According to the configuration of the first aspect, the lubricating oil injected into the oil supply chamber from the oil supply port at the upper portion thereof flows into the sealed case from the oil supply chamber through the communication hole at the bottom thereof. The lubricating oil accumulates at the inner bottom of the case and is repelled violently and highly by the rotation of the power transmission mechanism.

しかし、前記給油室は、その底部の連通孔を介して密閉ケースのうち前記潤滑油の油面よりも高い部位において連通するのみであることにより、前記したように、激しく、且つ、高く撥ね上げられる潤滑油が、前記給油室の上部における給油口に到達することを大幅に抑制することができる。   However, since the oil supply chamber communicates only at a portion higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil in the sealed case through the communication hole at the bottom thereof, as described above, the oil supply chamber repels intensely and highly. It is possible to greatly suppress the lubricating oil to reach the oil supply port in the upper part of the oil supply chamber.

従って、本発明によると、密閉ケース内における潤滑油が、当該潤滑油に対する給油口から、又は、下向きＵ字状のブリーザパイプが設けられている場合にはこのブリーザパイプから外に漏れ出ることを確実に低減できるのである。   Therefore, according to the present invention, the lubricating oil in the sealed case leaks out of the breather pipe when a downward U-shaped breather pipe is provided from the oil supply port for the lubricating oil. It can be reliably reduced.

また、例えば、前記給油口に対する給油栓にブリーザパイプに代えて空気通路を設ける場合には、この空気通路をラビリンス通路に構成しなくても良いのである。   Further, for example, when an air passage is provided instead of the breather pipe in the fuel filler plug for the fuel filler opening, the air passage may not be configured as a labyrinth passage.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、走行作業機としてのトラクターに適用した場合の図面について説明する。   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, drawings when an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a tractor as a traveling work machine will be described.

図１及び図２は、トラクター１を示し、このトラクター１は、走行機体２を左右一対の前車輪３と同じく左右一対の後車輪４とで支持し、前記走行機体２の前部に搭載したエンジン５にて前記両後車輪４及び両前車輪３を駆動することにより、前進走行するように構成され、前記走行機体２の上面には、操縦座席６と、前記両前車輪３を左右に動かすことによってかじ取りするようにした操縦ハンドル７とが設けられ、また、前記走行機体２の後部には、前記エンジン５の回転を適宜変速して前記両後車輪４及び両前車輪３に伝達するためのミッションケース８が搭載されている。   1 and 2 show a tractor 1, which supports a traveling machine body 2 with a pair of left and right rear wheels 4 as well as a pair of left and right front wheels 3 and is mounted on a front portion of the traveling machine body 2. The engine 5 is configured to travel forward by driving the rear wheels 4 and the front wheels 3, and on the upper surface of the traveling machine body 2, the control seat 6 and the front wheels 3 are moved left and right. A steering handle 7 adapted to be steered by moving is provided, and the rotation of the engine 5 is appropriately shifted at the rear part of the traveling machine body 2 and transmitted to the rear wheels 4 and the front wheels 3. A mission case 8 is installed.

この場合、前記両後車輪４は、前記ミッションケース８に対して、当該ミッションケース８の外側面から外向きに突出する車軸ケース９、及びこの車軸ケース９の外側端から後方に延びるギャーケース１０を介して取付けられている。   In this case, the two rear wheels 4 have an axle case 9 projecting outward from the outer surface of the transmission case 8 with respect to the transmission case 8, and a gear case 10 extending rearward from the outer end of the axle case 9. It is attached via.

前記エンジン５の後側面には、図３に示すように、当該エンジン５側における駆動軸５ａに装着のフライホイール５ｂを覆うホイルカバー１１が着脱可能に取付けられ、このホイルカバー１１の後面には、密閉ケース１２が、前記駆動軸５ａが当該密閉ケース１２内に突出するように設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 3, a wheel cover 11 covering the flywheel 5 b attached to the drive shaft 5 a on the engine 5 side is detachably attached to the rear side of the engine 5. The sealing case 12 is provided so that the drive shaft 5a protrudes into the sealing case 12.

この密閉ケース１２のうち前記駆動軸５ａよりも下方の部位には、主動軸１３が後ろ向きに突出するように軸支され、前記密閉ケース１２内には、前記駆動軸５ａの回転を前記主動軸１３に伝達するための歯車列機構１４が設けられている。   A main drive shaft 13 is pivotally supported in a portion of the sealed case 12 below the drive shaft 5a so as to protrude rearward, and the drive shaft 5a is rotated in the sealed case 12 by the main drive shaft. A gear train mechanism 14 for transmission to the motor 13 is provided.

また、前記密閉ケース１２内の底部には、潤滑油が所定の油面１５の深さになるように注入され、この密閉ケース１２における後面のうち前記油面１５よりも高い部位に、給油室１６を、密閉ケース１２内に対して区画壁１６ａにて区画するように形成して、この給油室１６に、作業用の油圧を発生する作業用油圧ポンプ１７を、その入力軸１７ａが当該給油室１６内において前記駆動軸５ａに対して軸継ぎ手部１８を介して着脱自在に連結するように着脱可能に取付けられている。   Further, lubricating oil is injected into the bottom of the sealed case 12 so as to have a predetermined oil level 15, and an oil supply chamber is provided in a portion of the rear surface of the sealed case 12 higher than the oil level 15. 16 is formed so as to be partitioned by the partition wall 16a with respect to the inside of the sealed case 12, and a working hydraulic pump 17 for generating working hydraulic pressure is provided in the oil supply chamber 16, the input shaft 17a of which supplies the oil. In the chamber 16, it is detachably attached so as to be detachably connected to the drive shaft 5 a via a shaft joint portion 18.

更にまた、前記給油室１６の底部を、前記密閉ケース１２内に前記潤滑油の油面１５よりも高い部位において連通孔１９を介して連通する一方、前記給油室１６の上部に給油口２０を設けて、この給油口２０に、当該給油口２０を塞ぐ給油栓２１を着脱自在に装着する。   Furthermore, the bottom of the oil supply chamber 16 is communicated with the sealed case 12 through a communication hole 19 at a position higher than the oil level 15 of the lubricating oil, while an oil supply port 20 is provided above the oil supply chamber 16. An oil filler plug 21 that closes the oil filler opening 20 is detachably attached to the oil filler opening 20.

この場合において、前記給油室１６の上部に、大気に連通する下向きＵ字状のブリーザパイプ２２を備えているが、このブリーザパイプ２２を設けない場合には、これに代えて、前記給油栓２１に、大気への空気通路２１ａを穿設する。   In this case, a downward U-shaped breather pipe 22 communicating with the atmosphere is provided in the upper part of the oil supply chamber 16, but when the breather pipe 22 is not provided, the oil filler 21 is replaced with this. In addition, an air passage 21a to the atmosphere is formed.

この構成において、給油室１６内に、その上部における給油口２０から注入した潤滑油は、当該給油室１６内からその底部の連通孔１９を通って密閉ケース１２内に流入して、この密閉ケース１２の内底部に、所定の油面１５にまで溜まり、そして、この潤滑油は、動力伝達機構であるところの歯車機構１４の回転により激しく、且つ、高く撥ね上げられることになる。   In this configuration, the lubricating oil injected into the oil supply chamber 16 from the oil supply port 20 at the top flows into the airtight case 12 from the oil supply chamber 16 through the communication hole 19 at the bottom, and this airtight case. The lubricating oil accumulates at a predetermined oil level 15 at the inner bottom portion of 12 and is violently and highly repelled by the rotation of the gear mechanism 14 serving as a power transmission mechanism.

しかし、前記給油室１６は、その底部の連通孔１９を介して密閉ケース１２のうち前記潤滑油の油面１５よりも高い部位において連通するのみであることにより、前記したように、激しく、且つ、高く撥ね上げられる潤滑油が、前記給油室１６の上部における給油口２０に到達することを確実に抑制することができる。   However, the oil supply chamber 16 is vigorously, as described above, because it communicates only at a position higher than the oil level 15 of the lubricating oil in the sealed case 12 through the communication hole 19 at the bottom thereof. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the lubricating oil that is highly repelled from reaching the oil supply port 20 in the upper part of the oil supply chamber 16.

なお、前記実施の形態においては、作業用油圧ポンプ１７を、密閉ケース１２に対して取付けると同時に、その入力軸１７ａが給油室１６内において前記駆動軸５ａに対して軸継ぎ手１８を介して着脱自在に連結する一方、前記給油室１６における区画壁１６ａにて、前記駆動軸５ａをボールベアリング等の軸受け１６ｂを介して軸支することにより、前記油圧ポンプ１７を取付けるときにおける組み立て作業性の向上を図るとともに、前記油圧ポンプ１７の密閉ケース１２からの突出高さを低くするように構成している。   In the embodiment, the working hydraulic pump 17 is attached to the sealed case 12, and at the same time, the input shaft 17a is attached to and detached from the drive shaft 5a through the shaft joint 18 in the oil supply chamber 16. On the other hand, the drive shaft 5a is pivotally supported by a partition wall 16a in the oil supply chamber 16 via a bearing 16b such as a ball bearing, thereby improving the assembly workability when the hydraulic pump 17 is mounted. In addition, the projecting height of the hydraulic pump 17 from the sealed case 12 is reduced.

また、前記図示のように、密閉ケース１２に給油室１６を設け、この給油室１６に作業用油圧ポンプ１７を取付けるという構成にすることに代えて、図４に示す別の実施形態のように、駆動軸５ａから主動軸１３への歯車機構１４を内蔵した密閉ケース１２のうち油面１５より高い部分に、給油室１６′を設けて、この給油室１６′に、給油口２０′及び連通孔１９′等を設けるという構成にすることもできる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 4, instead of providing the oil supply chamber 16 in the sealed case 12 and attaching the working hydraulic pump 17 to the oil supply chamber 16, as in another embodiment shown in FIG. An oil supply chamber 16 ′ is provided at a portion higher than the oil level 15 in the sealed case 12 incorporating the gear mechanism 14 from the drive shaft 5 a to the main drive shaft 13, and the oil supply port 20 ′ and the communication port are connected to the oil supply chamber 16 ′. A configuration in which a hole 19 ′ or the like is provided may be employed.

一方、前記密閉ケース１２から後ろ向きに突出する主動軸１３と、前記ミッションケース８において、その前面から前向きに突出する入力軸２３との間を、両端に自在軸継ぎ手を備えた伸縮式の動力伝達軸２４を介して連結して、前記エンジン５の回転を、その駆動軸５ａから前記密閉ケース１２内の歯車機構１４、主動軸１３及び動力伝達軸２４を介して前記ミッションケース８における入力軸２３に伝達し、次いで、前記ミッションケース８における油圧・機械式変速機構（ＨＭＴ）にて適宜変速して、前記後車輪４及び両前車輪３に伝達する。   On the other hand, between the main driving shaft 13 projecting rearward from the sealed case 12 and the input shaft 23 projecting forward from the front surface of the transmission case 8, a telescopic power transmission having a universal shaft joint at both ends. The shaft 5 is connected to rotate the engine 5 from the drive shaft 5 a through the gear mechanism 14, the main drive shaft 13, and the power transmission shaft 24 in the sealed case 12. Then, the transmission is appropriately shifted by a hydraulic / mechanical transmission mechanism (HMT) in the transmission case 8 and transmitted to the rear wheel 4 and both front wheels 3.

すなわち、前記ミッションケース８における油圧・機械式変速機構（ＨＭＴ）は、以下に述べるように、変速用油圧ポンプ２４及びこの油圧ポンプ２４にて作動する変速用油圧モータ２５による油圧式無段変速機構（ＨＳＴ）２６と、クラッチ２７にて変速操作される歯車式変速機構２８とを遊星歯車機構２９にて併用して成る構成である。   That is, the hydraulic / mechanical transmission mechanism (HMT) in the transmission case 8 is a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism by a transmission hydraulic pump 24 and a transmission hydraulic motor 25 operated by the hydraulic pump 24 as described below. The planetary gear mechanism 29 is used in combination with the (HST) 26 and a gear-type speed change mechanism 28 that is operated for speed change by the clutch 27.

すなわち、図５に示すように、前記変速用油圧ポンプ２４及び前記変速用油圧モータ２５は、前記ミッションケース８の前面に、当該ミッションケース８内に軸支した油圧入力軸３０及び油圧出力軸３１に連結するように取付ける一方、前記入力軸２３上に固着した歯車３２を、前記遊星歯車機構２９におけるサンギャ軸３３上に回転自在に被嵌した伝動歯車３４に噛合する。この伝動歯車３４に固着したキャリア３５には、複数個の遊星歯車３６を支持軸３７を介して回転自在に軸支し、この各遊星歯車３６を、前記サンギャ軸３３上に固着した太陽歯車３８と、前記サンギャ軸３３上に回転自在に被嵌した内周リング歯車３９との両方に噛合している。   That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the transmission hydraulic pump 24 and the transmission hydraulic motor 25 are provided on the front surface of the transmission case 8 on the hydraulic input shaft 30 and the hydraulic output shaft 31 that are supported in the transmission case 8. The gear 32 fixed on the input shaft 23 is meshed with a transmission gear 34 that is rotatably fitted on the sun gear shaft 33 in the planetary gear mechanism 29. A plurality of planetary gears 36 are rotatably supported on a carrier 35 fixed to the transmission gear 34 via a support shaft 37, and each planetary gear 36 is fixed to the sun gear shaft 33. And an inner ring gear 39 that is rotatably fitted on the sangya shaft 33.

次に、前記内周リング歯車３９に固着した歯車４０を、前記油圧入力軸２９上に固着した歯車４１に噛合することにより、前記変速用油圧ポンプ２４を回転駆動する一方、前記油圧出力軸３１上に固着した歯車４２を、前記サンギャ軸３３上に固着した歯車４３に噛合することにより、前記変速用油圧モータ２５の回転を、前記サンギャ軸３３に伝達する。   Next, the gear 40 fixed to the inner ring gear 39 is meshed with the gear 41 fixed to the hydraulic input shaft 29, so that the shift hydraulic pump 24 is driven to rotate while the hydraulic output shaft 31 is rotated. The rotation of the transmission hydraulic motor 25 is transmitted to the sun gear shaft 33 by engaging the gear 42 fastened on the top with the gear 43 fixed on the sun gear shaft 33.

一方、前記ミッションケース８内には、後車輪用推進軸４４を軸支して、この推進軸４４の後端を、前記両後車輪４に対する差動歯車機構４５に連結することにより、この後車輪用推進軸４４にて前記両後車輪４を回転駆動するように構成する一方、この推進軸４４上に固着した歯車４６を、前記ミッションケース８内に軸支した前車輪用推進軸４７上に回転自在に被嵌した歯車４８に噛合し、前記前車輪用推進軸４７と、前記両前車輪３に対する差動歯車機構４９との間を、両端に自在軸継ぎ手を備えた伸縮式の動力伝達軸５０を介して連結し、更に、前記前車輪用推進軸４７上には、クラッチ５１を設けて、このクラッチ５１を、前記歯車４８を推進軸４７に対して固定するように操作したとき、前記後車輪用推進軸４４にて前記両前車輪３を回転駆動し、前記クラッチ５１を、前記歯車４８を推進軸４７に対して固定しないように操作したとき、前記両前車輪３を回転駆動しないように構成する。   On the other hand, a rear wheel propulsion shaft 44 is supported in the transmission case 8, and the rear end of the propulsion shaft 44 is connected to a differential gear mechanism 45 for the rear wheels 4, thereby The rear wheel 4 is configured to be rotationally driven by the wheel propulsion shaft 44, while the gear 46 fixed on the propulsion shaft 44 is supported on the front wheel propulsion shaft 47 supported in the mission case 8. A telescopic power having a free shaft joint at both ends between the front wheel propulsion shaft 47 and the differential gear mechanism 49 for the front wheels 3. When the clutch 51 is provided on the front wheel propulsion shaft 47 and the clutch 51 is operated so as to fix the gear 48 to the propulsion shaft 47. The front wheels are driven by the rear wheel propulsion shaft 44. 3 is rotated, the clutch 51, when operating so as not to fix the gear 48 relative to the propeller shaft 47, constituting the two front wheels 3 so as not to rotate.

そして、前記歯車式変速機構２８において、前記後車輪用推進軸４４上に回転自在に被嵌した二つの変速歯車５２，５３のうち一方の小径変速歯車５２を、前記サンギャ軸３３上に固着した歯車４３に、他方の大径変速歯車５３を、前記サンギャ軸３３上に固着した歯車５４に各々噛合し、前記歯車式変速機構２８におけるクラッチ２７を、当該クラッチ２７にて一方の小径変速歯車５２を推進軸４４に対して固定するように操作したとき、前記推進軸４４を高速回転し、前記クラッチ２７を、当該クラッチ２７にて他方の大径変速歯車５３を推進軸４４に対して固定するように操作したとき、前記推進軸４４を低速回転し、そして、前記クラッチ２７を、前記の中間、つまり、両変速歯車５２，５３のいずれも推進軸４４に対して固定しないように中立に操作したとき、前記推進軸４４への回転伝達を遮断するようにし、更に、一方の小径変速歯車５２による高速回転と、前記他方の大径変速歯車５３による低速回転との間を、前記油圧式無段変速機構（ＨＳＴ）２６にて、無段に変速するように構成している。   In the gear-type transmission mechanism 28, one small-diameter transmission gear 52 of the two transmission gears 52 and 53 rotatably fitted on the rear wheel propulsion shaft 44 is fixed on the sun gear shaft 33. The gear 43 is meshed with the other large-diameter transmission gear 53 and the gear 54 fixed on the sun gear shaft 33, and the clutch 27 in the gear-type transmission mechanism 28 is engaged with the one small-diameter transmission gear 52 by the clutch 27. Is operated to be fixed to the propulsion shaft 44, the propulsion shaft 44 is rotated at high speed, and the clutch 27 is fixed to the propulsion shaft 44 by the clutch 27. When the operation is performed as described above, the propulsion shaft 44 is rotated at a low speed, and the clutch 27 is fixed to the middle, that is, both the transmission gears 52 and 53 are not fixed to the propulsion shaft 44. When the neutral operation is performed, the rotation transmission to the propulsion shaft 44 is interrupted, and further, between the high speed rotation by one small diameter transmission gear 52 and the low speed rotation by the other large diameter transmission gear 53. The hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HST) 26 is configured to change continuously.

また、前記後車輪用推進軸４４には、当該推進軸４４に対するブレーキ機構５５を設けている。   The rear wheel propulsion shaft 44 is provided with a brake mechanism 55 for the propulsion shaft 44.

ところで、前記トラクター等の走行作業機においては、その走行機体に搭載したミッションケースにおける後部の上面に、油圧式作業機を設けており、この場合、従来は、例えば、実公平７−１７８７２号公報等に記載されているように、前記ミッションケースを、その後部の上面を大きく開口した形態にして、この部分に前記油圧式作業機を取付け、前記ミッションケース内の底に溜まる潤滑油を、エンジンにて駆動される作業用油圧ポンプにて汲み上げて油圧式作業機に対して供給し、この油圧式作業機から排出される潤滑油を、前記大きく開口した部分からミッションケース内に再び戻すという構成にしていた。   By the way, in the traveling working machine such as the tractor, a hydraulic working machine is provided on the upper surface of the rear part of the transmission case mounted on the traveling machine body. In this case, for example, in the past, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-17882. As described in the above, the transmission case has a shape in which the upper surface of the rear part is greatly opened, the hydraulic work machine is attached to this part, and the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom in the transmission case is The pump is pumped up by a working hydraulic pump driven by a hydraulic pump, supplied to the hydraulic working machine, and the lubricating oil discharged from the hydraulic working machine is returned to the mission case again from the large opening. I was doing.

しかし、この構成は、ミッションケース内における潤滑油を、油圧式作業機に対する作動油に使用することにより、潤滑油としての機能の劣化が早められるとともに、この潤滑油にゴミ及び金属粉等が混入するから、変速機構及び油圧機構における耐久性の低下を招来するばかりか、前記ミッションケースにおける後部の上面が大きく開口しているために、前記ミッションケースにおける剛性の低下を招来するのであった。   However, in this configuration, the lubricating oil in the transmission case is used as the hydraulic oil for the hydraulic work machine, so that the deterioration of the function as the lubricating oil is accelerated, and dust, metal powder, etc. are mixed in this lubricating oil. Therefore, not only the durability of the transmission mechanism and the hydraulic mechanism is lowered, but also the upper surface of the rear portion of the transmission case is greatly opened, which causes a reduction in rigidity of the transmission case.

この問題を改善するために、以下の構成にすることを提案する。   In order to improve this problem, the following configuration is proposed.

すなわち、前記ミッションケース８における後部の上面に、油圧式作業機としての一つの例であるところの油圧式昇降機５６を設ける。   That is, a hydraulic elevator 56, which is an example of a hydraulic working machine, is provided on the upper surface of the rear portion of the transmission case 8.

この油圧式昇降機５６は、前記ミッションケース８の上面に取付けた昇降ケース５６ａと、この昇降ケース５６ａに水平に軸支した昇降軸５６ｂと、この昇降軸５６ｂの両端に固着した昇降アーム５６ｃと、前記昇降ケース５６ａ内において前記昇降軸５６ｂを昇降アーム５６ｃの上昇又は下降に回動する単動式油圧シリンダ５６ｄと、この油圧シリンダ５６ｄを、前記昇降アーム５６ｃの上昇又は下降に切り換える操作するための油圧切換弁５６ｅとで構成されている。   The hydraulic lift 56 includes a lift case 56a attached to the upper surface of the transmission case 8, a lift shaft 56b horizontally supported by the lift case 56a, a lift arm 56c fixed to both ends of the lift shaft 56b, A single-acting hydraulic cylinder 56d for rotating the lifting shaft 56b to raise or lower the lifting arm 56c in the lifting case 56a, and an operation for switching the hydraulic cylinder 56d to raising or lowering the lifting arm 56c. And a hydraulic switching valve 56e.

一方、前記ミッションケース８の後部には、天井板８ａを一体的に設けて、この天井板８ａの上面側を、前記油圧式昇降機５６における昇降ケース５６ａにて密封した作動油室５７に形成して、この作動油室５７内に、前記油圧式昇降機５６における油圧切換弁５６ｅから排出される作動油を溜めるように構成し、この作動油室５７内に溜まる作動油を、その側面の排出口５８より適宜箇所に設置したオイルタンク５９にオイル管路６０を介して戻し、このオイルタンク５９内の作動油を、前記エンジン５にて駆動される作業用油圧ポンプ１７にて汲み出して加圧したのち、オイル管路６１を介して前記油圧切換弁５６ｅに供給するという構成にする。   On the other hand, a ceiling plate 8a is integrally provided at the rear portion of the transmission case 8, and the upper surface side of the ceiling plate 8a is formed in a hydraulic oil chamber 57 sealed by a lifting case 56a in the hydraulic elevator 56. Thus, the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pressure switching valve 56e in the hydraulic elevator 56 is stored in the hydraulic oil chamber 57, and the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil chamber 57 is discharged to the side of the discharge port. The oil tank 59 is returned to an oil tank 59 installed at an appropriate position from 58 via an oil pipe 60, and the working oil in the oil tank 59 is pumped and pressurized by the working hydraulic pump 17 driven by the engine 5. Thereafter, the oil pressure switching valve 56e is supplied via the oil pipe 61.

なお、前記オイルタンク５９を廃止して、前記作動油室５７内に溜まる作動油を、直接に油圧ポンプ１７にて汲み出すように構成しても良い。   The oil tank 59 may be abolished, and the hydraulic oil accumulated in the hydraulic oil chamber 57 may be directly pumped out by the hydraulic pump 17.

このように構成することにより、前記ミッションケース８内における変速機構の各種歯車等に対する潤滑油と、前記油圧式昇降機５６等の油圧式作業機における作動油とを別々にすることができて、潤滑油が劣化することを低減できる一方、作動油にゴミ及び金属粉等が混入することを低減できるから、変速機構及び油圧機構における耐久性を向上できるのであり、しかも、前記ミッションケース８における後部上面は、天井板８ａにて塞がれていることにより、前記ミッションケース８における剛性を向上できる。   With this configuration, the lubricating oil for the various gears and the like of the transmission mechanism in the transmission case 8 and the hydraulic oil for the hydraulic working machine such as the hydraulic elevator 56 can be separated and lubricated. While it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the oil, it is possible to improve the durability of the speed change mechanism and the hydraulic mechanism since dust and metal powder can be reduced from being mixed with the hydraulic oil, and the rear upper surface of the transmission case 8 can be improved. Can be improved in rigidity in the transmission case 8 by being blocked by the ceiling plate 8a.

また、本実施の形態の場合、前記ミッションケース８の後端面には、後ろ向きに突出するＰＴＯ軸６２を備えた油圧モータ６３が取付けられ、この油圧モータ６３を、前記作業用油圧ポンプ１７にて作動するように構成されている。   In the case of the present embodiment, a hydraulic motor 63 having a PTO shaft 62 protruding rearward is attached to the rear end surface of the transmission case 8, and this hydraulic motor 63 is connected to the working hydraulic pump 17. It is configured to operate.

更にまた、前記実施の形態は、密閉ケース１２に歯車列機構１４を内蔵している場合であったが、本発明は、これに限らず、前記密閉ケースに、チエン等のように潤滑油を必要する動力伝達機構を内蔵して場合にも適用できることはいうまでもない。   Furthermore, although the said embodiment was the case where the gear train mechanism 14 was built in the airtight case 12, this invention is not restricted to this, Lubricating oil like a chain etc. is not limited to this. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a case where a necessary power transmission mechanism is incorporated.

本発明の実施の形態を適用したトラクターを示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the tractor to which embodiment of this invention is applied. 図１の平面図である。It is a top view of FIG. 図２のIII −III 視拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. 別の実施形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows another embodiment. 動力伝達のスケルトン図である。It is a skeleton diagram of power transmission. 前記トラクターに使用するミッションケースの一部切欠側面図である。It is a partially cutaway side view of the transmission case used for the tractor. 図６のVII −VII 視断面図である。FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6.

１ トラクター
２ 走行機体
３ 前車輪
４ 後車輪
５ エンジン
８ ミッションケース
５ａ 駆動軸
１２ 密閉ケース
１３ 主動軸
１４ 歯車列機構
１６ 給油室
１８ 連通孔
２０ 給油口
２１ 給油栓 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tractor 2 Traveling machine body 3 Front wheel 4 Rear wheel 5 Engine 8 Transmission case 5a Drive shaft 12 Sealing case 13 Main shaft 14 Gear train mechanism 16 Oil supply chamber 18 Communication hole 20 Oil supply port 21 Oil filler tap

Claims (1)

走行機体（２）に搭載した密閉ケース（１２）内に動力伝達機構（１４）を設け、前記動力伝達機構（１４）によって主動側から従動側へ動力を伝達するように構成した走行作業機において、
前記密閉ケース（１２）のうち前記密閉ケース（１２）の内底に溜めた潤滑油の油面よりも高い部位に設けた給油室（１６）と、前記給油室（１６）の底部を、前記密閉ケース（１２）内と前記潤滑油の油面よりも高い部位において連通させる連通孔（１８）と、前記給油室（１６）の上部に設けた給油口（２０）と、前記給油口（２０）に着脱自在に設けた給油栓（２１）とを備えた構造であって、
前記密閉ケース（１２）の油圧機器設置部に前記給油室（１６）を形成し、前記密閉ケース（１２）内の前記動力伝達機構（１４）を設けた側に、前記連通孔（１８）を介して前記給油室（１６）を開放させるように構成したことを特徴とする走行作業機の動力伝達機構における潤滑油給油装置。 In a traveling work machine in which a power transmission mechanism (14) is provided in a sealed case (12) mounted on a traveling machine body (2), and the power transmission mechanism (14) transmits power from the main drive side to the driven side. ,
An oil supply chamber (16) provided at a position higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil accumulated in the inner bottom of the sealed case (12) in the sealed case (12), and a bottom portion of the oil supply chamber (16), A communication hole (18) communicating with the inside of the sealed case (12) at a position higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil, an oil supply port (20) provided in an upper portion of the oil supply chamber (16), and the oil supply port (20 ) And a refueling plug (21) provided detachably,
The oil supply chamber (16) is formed in the hydraulic equipment installation portion of the sealed case (12) , and the communication hole (18) is provided on the side of the sealed case (12) where the power transmission mechanism (14) is provided. The lubricating oil supply device in the power transmission mechanism of the traveling working machine is characterized in that the oil supply chamber (16) is opened through the opening.
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JP2002264674A (en) * 2001-03-06 2002-09-18 Kanzaki Kokyukoki Mfg Co Ltd Transmission for working vehicle

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