JP4533493B2 - Floating mooring device - Google Patents

Floating mooring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4533493B2
JP4533493B2 JP2000040454A JP2000040454A JP4533493B2 JP 4533493 B2 JP4533493 B2 JP 4533493B2 JP 2000040454 A JP2000040454 A JP 2000040454A JP 2000040454 A JP2000040454 A JP 2000040454A JP 4533493 B2 JP4533493 B2 JP 4533493B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
floating body
mooring
superstructure
floating
mooring device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP2000040454A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001226942A (en
Inventor
廣治 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd
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Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP2000040454A priority Critical patent/JP4533493B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は浮体の係留装置、特に、大水深域における超大型浮体の係留装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
浮体の係留方法としては、大別してチェーン係留とドルフィン係留とがある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
例えば、水深が50m以上の大水深域の海上における超大型浮体にチェーン係留を適用した場合の問題点を以下に示す。
【0004】
超大型浮体では、風や潮流等による定常外力が大きくなるため、多くの本数のチェーンが必要である。また、各チェーンには夫々たるみを生じるため複数のチェーンに均等に外力を分担させることが困難である。更に定常外力による超大型浮体の水平変位が大きく、浮体の使用上問題がある。
【0005】
チェーン係留の場合の実験例を表1に示す。
【0006】
【表1】

Figure 0004533493
【0007】
なお、ここで超大型浮体は、長さ:5000m,幅:1000m,高さ:10m,風荷重:約6000t(風速45m/sと仮定)のものであり、初期張力を鎖の破断荷重の10%、安全率を3、鎖径を国内で製作可能な最大径である130mmで風荷重6000tのみを支持すると仮定した。
【0008】
また、「浮体の変位」とは、風荷重が作用した場合の浮体の風下側への水平変位を示す。
【0009】
表2はドルフィン係留の場合を示す。
【0010】
【表2】
Figure 0004533493
【0011】
超大型浮体の係留方法としては、チェーン係留よりも大きい定常外力に対応でき、浮体の変位を少なくできるドルフィン係留が想定されている。ただし、従来のドルフィン係留では、水深が50mを越えると、重力式、杭式、ジャケット式ともに経済面で現実的ではない。
【0012】
本発明はこのような問題を解決するようにしたものである。
【0013】
本発明の浮体の係留装置は、浮体の側面に配置した浮体式上部工と、海底に固定したアンカーと、このアンカーと上記浮体式上部工に夫々その端部を回動自在に連結した密閉中空パイプとより成ることを特徴とする。
【0014】
また、上記浮体の側面と上記浮体式上部工との間に水平方向に圧縮可能なフェンダーが介挿されていることを特徴とする。
【0015】
また、本発明の浮体の係留装置は、浮体の側面に設けた水平方向の長孔を有するフランジと、上記長孔に挿通したピンと、海底に固定したアンカーと、このアンカーと上記ピンに夫々その端部を回動自在に連結した棒状連結具とより成ることを特徴とする。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面によって本発明の実施例を説明する。
【0019】
本発明においては、図1及び図2に示すように、例えば50m以上の大水深域の海面1上に浮上せしめた超大型浮体2の前後、左右の側面に夫々ゴム等の弾性体のフェンダー3,3を介して浮体式上部工4,4を配置し、海底5にアンカー6,6を固定し、このアンカー6,6と上記浮体3,3に夫々棒状連結具、例えばパイプ7,7の端部をピン8,8を介して回動自在に連結せしめる。
【0020】
本発明の浮体の係留装置は、上記のような構成であるから、海面の高さが推定する最小レベル(LWL)のとき超大型浮体2の前後、左右の側面に上記フェンダー3を介して浮体式上部工4が夫々クリアンス零で対接されるよう上記パイプ7の長さを定めておけば、上記超大型浮体2の定常外力の水平方向の動きは浮体式上部工4により、フェンダー3を介して抑制される。潮の干満による海面の鉛直方向の動きについては、上部工4と超大型浮体2とが共に上動した場合にはパイプ7が立ち上がる方向に傾斜する。同時に上部工4が超大型浮体2に接近する方向に移動するが、この場合にはフェンダー3が圧縮されこの移動を吸収する。
水深に比較し、潮の干満は十分小さいため、上部工4と超大型浮体2の鉛直連動に伴う水平移動はこのようなフェンダー3の変形により十分吸収可能である。
【0021】
なお、上記パイプ7を中空水密にし、浮力とパイプ自身の重量とをバランスさせることにより、パイプ7に浮力または重量による曲げモーメントが発生することを防ぎ、パイプ7には軸方向の力のみが作用されるようにするのが好ましい。
【0022】
図3〜図5は本発明の他の実施例を示し、この実施例においては、上記上部工4の代りに浮体2の側面に固定したブラケット9と、このブラケット9に水平方向に延びるよう設けた長孔10と、上記ピン8を貫通せしめる圧縮板11とを用い、上記ピン8の両端を上記長孔10に挿通して浮体2がフェンダー3を圧縮する方向と反対の方向に移動したときピン8が長孔10内を水平方向に摺動するためパイプ7に圧縮力が作用されないようにする。
【0023】
なお、上記パイプ7の代りに従来既知のトラス(図示せず)を用いても良い。
【0024】
表3は本発明による係留の場合を示す。
【0025】
【表3】
Figure 0004533493
【0026】
【発明の効果】
上記のように本発明によれば一点当たりの分担可能な荷重を大きくすることができ、係留点の数を少なくでき、これにより、施工性が向上する。また、アンカーの設置誤差を吸収することが簡単になる。
【0027】
また、水深が大きくなっても、パイプ長を長くすることで簡単に対応出来、水深に対するコストの影響が少なく、アンカーの施工誤差は、パイプ長を調整することで吸収できる。定常外力に対する超大型浮体の水平変位は浮体式上部工により抑制できる。
【0028】
なお、本発明の係留をチェーン係留と比較した場合、係留装置の数を1/6以下に低減でき、浮体の変位を、1/5以下に低減でき、鋼材重量(鎖重量)を約1/4に低減できる。
【0029】
また、ドルフィン係留と比較した場合、鋼材重量(鎖重量)を1/15以下に低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】上部工が浮体式の場合の本発明の浮体の係留装置の側面図である。
【図2】上部工が浮体式の場合の本発明の浮体の係留装置の平面図である。
【図3】上部工を超大型浮体と一体化した場合の本発明の浮体の係留装置の他の実施例における要部の拡大平面図である。
【図4】図3のA−A線面図である。
【図5】図3のB−B線断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 海面
2 浮体
3 フェンダー
4 浮体式上部工
5 海底
6 アンカー
7 パイプ
8 ピン
9 ブラケット
10 長孔
11 圧縮板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mooring device for a floating body, and more particularly, to a mooring device for a very large floating body in a deep water region.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are two types of mooring methods for floating bodies: chain mooring and dolphin mooring.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, the problems in the case where chain mooring is applied to a very large floating body on the sea in a deep water region where the water depth is 50 m or more are shown below.
[0004]
A very large floating body requires a large number of chains because the steady external force due to wind and tidal current increases. Moreover, since slack is generated in each chain, it is difficult to share an external force equally among a plurality of chains. Furthermore, the horizontal displacement of the super large floating body due to the steady external force is large, and there is a problem in using the floating body.
[0005]
An experimental example in the case of chain mooring is shown in Table 1.
[0006]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004533493
[0007]
Here, the super large floating body has a length of 5000 m, a width of 1000 m, a height of 10 m, a wind load of about 6000 t (assuming a wind speed of 45 m / s), and an initial tension of 10 of the breaking load of the chain. %, A safety factor of 3, a chain diameter of 130 mm, the maximum diameter that can be manufactured in Japan, and a wind load of only 6000 t.
[0008]
The “displacement of the floating body” indicates a horizontal displacement of the floating body to the leeward side when a wind load is applied.
[0009]
Table 2 shows the case of mooring dolphin.
[0010]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004533493
[0011]
As a mooring method for a super large floating body, a dolphin mooring that can cope with a steady external force larger than that of a chain mooring and can reduce displacement of the floating body is assumed. However, in the conventional dolphin mooring, if the water depth exceeds 50 m, the gravity type, the pile type and the jacket type are not economically realistic.
[0012]
The present invention is intended to solve such problems.
[0013]
The floating mooring device of the present invention includes a floating superstructure disposed on a side surface of the floating body, an anchor fixed to the seabed, and a sealed hollow whose end is rotatably connected to the anchor and the floating superstructure. It consists of a pipe .
[0014]
In addition, a fender that is compressible in the horizontal direction is interposed between a side surface of the floating body and the floating body superstructure.
[0015]
The floating body mooring apparatus of the present invention includes a flange having a horizontal long hole provided on a side surface of the floating body, a pin inserted through the long hole, an anchor fixed to the seabed, and the anchor and the pin. It is characterized by comprising a rod-like connector having end portions that are rotatably connected.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, elastic fenders 3 such as rubber on the front and rear and left and right sides of a super large floating body 2 which is levitated above the sea surface 1 in a deep water area of 50 m or more, for example. , 3, the floating body superstructures 4, 4 are arranged, anchors 6, 6 are fixed to the seabed 5, and rod-like connectors such as pipes 7, 7 are connected to the anchors 6, 6 and the floating bodies 3, 3, respectively. The ends are connected to each other via pins 8 and 8 so as to be rotatable.
[0020]
Since the floating mooring device of the present invention is configured as described above, the floating body is placed on the front and rear, and the left and right sides of the super large floating body 2 via the fender 3 when the sea level is at the minimum level (LWL). If the length of the pipe 7 is determined so that each of the superstructures 4 comes into contact with each other with zero clearance, the horizontal movement of the steady external force of the super large floating body 2 is caused by the floating superstructure 4 and the fender 3 Is suppressed through. Regarding the vertical movement of the sea surface due to tides, when the superstructure 4 and the super large floating body 2 both move up, the pipe 7 is inclined in the direction in which it rises. At the same time, the superstructure 4 moves in a direction approaching the super large floating body 2. In this case, the fender 3 is compressed and absorbs this movement.
Since the tidal range is sufficiently small compared to the water depth, the horizontal movement accompanying the vertical interlocking between the superstructure 4 and the super large floating body 2 can be sufficiently absorbed by such deformation of the fender 3.
[0021]
By making the pipe 7 hollow and watertight and balancing the buoyancy and the weight of the pipe itself, the pipe 7 is prevented from generating a buoyancy or a bending moment due to the weight, and only an axial force acts on the pipe 7. It is preferable to do so.
[0022]
3 to 5 show another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a bracket 9 fixed to the side surface of the floating body 2 is provided instead of the superstructure 4 and the bracket 9 is provided so as to extend in the horizontal direction. When the floating body 2 moves in a direction opposite to the direction in which the fender 3 is compressed by inserting both ends of the pin 8 into the long hole 10 using the long hole 10 and the compression plate 11 through which the pin 8 passes. The pin 8 slides in the long hole 10 in the horizontal direction so that no compressive force is applied to the pipe 7.
[0023]
Instead of the pipe 7, a conventionally known truss (not shown) may be used.
[0024]
Table 3 shows the case of mooring according to the invention.
[0025]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004533493
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the load that can be shared per point can be increased, and the number of mooring points can be reduced, thereby improving the workability. Moreover, it becomes easy to absorb the installation error of the anchor.
[0027]
Moreover, even if the water depth increases, it can be easily dealt with by increasing the pipe length, and the influence of the cost on the water depth is small, and anchor construction errors can be absorbed by adjusting the pipe length. The horizontal displacement of the super large floating body with respect to the steady external force can be suppressed by the floating superstructure.
[0028]
When the mooring of the present invention is compared with the chain mooring, the number of mooring devices can be reduced to 1/6 or less, the displacement of the floating body can be reduced to 1/5 or less, and the steel material weight (chain weight) is reduced to about 1 /. 4 can be reduced.
[0029]
Moreover, when compared with the dolphin mooring, the steel material weight (chain weight) can be reduced to 1/15 or less.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a mooring device for a floating body according to the present invention when a superstructure is a floating body type.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the floating body mooring device of the present invention when the superstructure is a floating body type.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a main part in another embodiment of the mooring device for a floating body of the present invention when the superstructure is integrated with a super large floating body.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3;
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sea surface 2 Floating body 3 Fender 4 Floating body type superstructure 5 Sea bottom 6 Anchor 7 Pipe 8 Pin 9 Bracket 10 Long hole 11 Compression plate

Claims (3)

浮体の側面に配置した浮体式上部工と、海底に固定したアンカーと、このアンカーと上記浮体式上部工に夫々その端部を回動自在に連結した密閉中空パイプとより成ることを特徴とする浮体の係留装置。A floating body superstructure arranged on the side surface of the floating body, an anchor fixed to the seabed, and a sealed hollow pipe whose ends are rotatably connected to the anchor and the floating body superstructure. A floating mooring device. 上記浮体の側面と上記浮体式上部工との間に水平方向に圧縮可能なフェンダーが介挿されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の浮体の係留装置。  The mooring device for a floating body according to claim 1, wherein a fender that can be compressed in the horizontal direction is interposed between a side surface of the floating body and the floating superstructure. 浮体の側面に設けた水平方向の長孔を有するフランジと、上記長孔に挿通したピンと、海底に固定したアンカーと、このアンカーと上記ピンに夫々その端部を回動自在に連結した棒状連結具とより成ることを特徴とする浮体の係留装置。  A flange having a horizontal long hole provided on the side surface of the floating body, a pin inserted through the long hole, an anchor fixed to the seabed, and a rod-like connection in which ends of the anchor and the pin are rotatably connected to each other. A floating body mooring device comprising a tool.
JP2000040454A 2000-02-18 2000-02-18 Floating mooring device Expired - Lifetime JP4533493B2 (en)

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JP4533493B2 true JP4533493B2 (en) 2010-09-01

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5568914A (en) * 1978-11-15 1980-05-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Water-intake device for marine structure
JPS61155506A (en) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-15 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd One-point mooring device
JPS6353195A (en) * 1986-08-22 1988-03-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Single point mooring device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5568914A (en) * 1978-11-15 1980-05-24 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Water-intake device for marine structure
JPS61155506A (en) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-15 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd One-point mooring device
JPS6353195A (en) * 1986-08-22 1988-03-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Single point mooring device

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