JP4525005B2

JP4525005B2 - Dehydration tank

Info

Publication number: JP4525005B2
Application number: JP2003175660A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 満久今枝
Original assignee: IHI Corp
Current assignee: IHI Corp
Priority date: 2003-06-20
Filing date: 2003-06-20
Publication date: 2010-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-20
Also published as: JP2005007327A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、いわゆる多重円板脱水機に係る。特に濾体の構造に特徴のある多重円板脱水機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
多重円板脱水機の大きな特徴は、固液分離を行なう濾過面が形状の異なる円板状の薄板を重ね合わせて構成される濾体の組み合わせから形成されていることにある。
脱水装置は、箱の中に濾体を多数配列した脱水槽と凝集槽と制御ユニットとで構成される。
濾体は、濾過通路となる穴の開いた円板（濾片）と菊座形のスペーサを交互に回転軸に挿入することにより構成される。円板同士の隙間は極く狭いため凝集フロックは円板上に着床するが、液分はこの細い隙間を通過することにより濾過分離される。
濾体は、円板の外周部が前後に隣接する濾体のスペーサと向き合うように組み合わされる。このため円板とスペーサにより構成された隙間に隣接する濾体の円板がくい込む形となり、この隣接する濾体の円板が細い隙間を常時クリーニングし目詰まりを防止する。
濾体は低速で回転しており、濾体上に着床した固形物は円板の回転により搬送される。
【０００３】
濾体は、脱水槽の中に上下段２列に配列されており、凝集汚泥の供給側から脱水ケーキ排出部に向かって上下列の間隔が徐々に狭くなる様に配列されている。
凝集槽において凝集された汚泥は脱水槽にフィードされ、上下の濾体の回転により、徐々に濃縮されつつ汚泥出口に向かって搬送される。搬送される汚泥は上下の濾体列の間隔が次第に狭くなっているために容積圧縮を受ける。
一方、濾過工程、圧密脱水で生じる濾液は、各濾体に設けられた濾液排出穴を通って軸方向に排水され濾液室に集められた後系外へ排出される。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平３−１９６８０８号公報
【特許文献２】
特公平１−２３１６５号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
多重円板脱水機の消費動力を低減し、処理能力を上げたいという要請があった。しかし、濾体の濾片が前後する他の濾体の濾片とスペーサとでできる隙間に食い込む構造をし、その構造によりできた狭い空隙を使用して汚泥の脱水をするので、前後する濾体の濾片同士の間の摩擦が大きく、濾体を回転駆動する際に、その摩擦が大きな負荷トルクとなっていた。
【０００６】
本発明は以上に述べた問題点に鑑み案出されたもので、多重円板脱水機の濾体の駆動に要するトルクを小さくし、過負荷の減少、消費動力の低減が図れる多重円板脱水機を提供しようとする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための機構】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る処理液を脱水するための脱水槽を、処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器である処理室と、前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列である下段濾体列と、を備え、前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ、複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない穴である、ものとした。
【０００８】
上記本発明の構成により、処理室が処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器であり、下段濾体列が前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列であり、前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ、複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない穴である
ので、下段濾体列の上に流された処理液が、下段濾体列の複数の濾体の小径濾片と大径スペーサとが並べられた面に流れると、濾液が小径濾片と小径濾片との隙間から下方に流れ落ち、また固形物が大径スペーサの濾液排出空隙に直接に流れるのを防止し、脱水性能が向上する。
【０００９】
さらに、本発明に係る脱水槽は、複数枚の通常濾片と通常スペーサとが積層した組である通常濾片−スペーサ組が濾体の長手方向に沿って配置されている、のが好ましい。
上記本発明の構成により、通常濾片−スペーサ組が複数枚の通常濾片と通常スペーサとが積層した組であり、前記通常濾片−スペーサ組が濾体の長手方向に沿って配置されているので、前記濾体が回転すると、下段濾体列での脱水汚泥が回転する通常濾片に食い込まれ、汚泥を汚泥出口に向かって搬送する搬送力が高まる。
【００１０】
さらに、本発明に係る脱水槽は、前記大径スペーサの厚みから前記小径濾片の厚みを差し引いた値が、ゼロにならない０．４ｍｍ以下である、のが好ましい。上記本発明の構成により、前記大径スペーサの厚みから前記小径濾片の厚みを差し引いた値が、ゼロにならない０．４ｍｍ以下であるので、回転する濾体に積層した小径濾片と隣接する他の回転する濾体の小径濾片とが濾液のみを下段濾体列の下方に引き込み、処理液の濾過が促進する。
【００１１】
さらに、本発明に係る脱水槽は、前記小径濾片の前記一部領域の前記濾体の並び方向の幅寸法が運転中に濾体が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法である、のが好ましい。
上記本発明の構成により、前記小径濾片の前記一部領域の前記濾体の並び方向の幅寸法が運転中に濾体が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるので、濾体を回転駆動するのに要するトルクが小さくなる。
【００１２】
さらに、本発明に係る脱水槽は、前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁と隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大径スペーサの外縁との離間距離がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法である、のが好ましい。
上記本発明の構成により、前前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁と隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大径スペーサの外縁との離間距離がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるので、処理液の固形分が前記外縁と外縁との間から外に抜けるのを抑制できる。
【００１３】
さらに、本発明に係る脱水槽は、前記濾体において、全部の前記スペーサの内の前記通常スペーサの占める割合が２０％を越える、のが好ましい。
上記本発明の構成により、前記濾体において、全部の前記スペーサの内の前記通常スペーサの占める割合が２０％を越えるので、全てが通常スペーサである濾体に比べて、脱水性能を低下させることなく、また濾体を回転させるための消費動力を小さくできる。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態の構造を、図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において、共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を省略する。
【００１５】
本発明の実施形態に係る処理液を脱水するための脱水槽を説明する。図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る脱水装置の全体図である。図２は、本発明の実施形態に係る脱水槽の側面断面図である。図３は、本発明の実施形態に係る脱水槽の正面断面図である。図４は、本発明の実施形態に係る濾体の一部平面図である。図５は、本発明の実施形態に係る通常濾片と通常スペーサの組立図である。図６は、本発明の実施形態に係る小径濾片と大径スペーサの組立図である。
【００１６】
脱水装置１は、処理液をろ過液と汚泥に分離する装置であって、脱水槽２と凝集槽３と制御ユニット（図示せず）とで構成される。
凝集槽３は、原液とポリマーを原液入口４から投入し、撹拌翼で撹拌して、原液中の汚泥を凝集させる。汚泥は、ポリマーの作用により、互いに凝集して、大きな塊になる。
処理液は、凝集槽３の出口３から出て、脱水槽２の処理液入口５から投入される。
【００１７】
脱水槽２は、処理液を脱水し濾液９と汚泥８とに分ける槽であり、処理室１０と濾液室２０と下段濾体列３０Ｄと上段濾体列３０Ｕと駆動機構（図示せず）とで構成される。
【００１８】
処理室１０は、処理液７を貯留空間１１に貯留し、汚泥出口６から脱水した汚泥８を出す容器であり、右側板１２Ｒと左側板１２Ｌと底板１３と前面板１４と背面板１５と上蓋１６とで構成される。
説明の便宜上、前面板１４側から背面板１５に向いて、右手側を右側、左手側を左側と呼ぶ。
右側板１２Ｒは、処理室１０の右側の側板である。左側板１２Ｌは、処理室１０の左側の側板である。右側板１２Ｒと左側板１２Ｌとが、貯留空間１１を左右から挟んでいる。
底板１３は、貯留空間１１の底を覆う板である。底板１３は、貯留空間１１の後ろ側から前側へすすむにつれ、上に傾斜する。
前面板１４は、貯留空間１１の前面を覆う板であり、汚泥出口６を設けられる。
背面板１５は、貯留空間１１の背面を覆う板であり、処理液入口５を設けられる。
右側板１２Ｒと左側板１２Ｌと底板１３と前面板１４と背面板１５とが辺を液密に繋いで、容器を形成する。
上蓋１６は、その容器の蓋である。
【００１９】
複数の右側貫通穴１７Ｒが、右側板１２Ｒに設けられる。右側貫通穴１７Ｒは、上段と下段とに別れて所定のピッチで並ぶ所定の直径の円穴である。
複数の左側貫通穴１７Ｌが、左側板１２Ｌに設けられる。左側貫通穴１７Ｌは、上段と下段とに別れて所定のピッチに並ぶ所定の直径の円穴である。
右側板１２Ｒにおける右側貫通穴１７Ｒの位置と左側板１２Ｌにおける左側貫通穴１７Ｌの位置とは、高い精度で、一致する。
【００２０】
濾液室２０は、左側板１２Ｌの左側に設けられ、後述する濾液排出空隙３６から排出される液を受ける容器である。液は、濾液室２０に溜まった後、濾液室２０の下部から処理室１０へ流れ、処理室１０に設けられる濾液出口１８から排出される。
【００２１】
下段濾体列３０Ｄと上段濾体列３０Ｕとは、貯留空間１１に長手方向を平行に隣接して直列に並べられた複数の濾体３０で構成する上下一対の濾体列である。
説明の便宜のために、下段濾体列３０Ｄまたは上段濾体列３０Ｕでの、複数の濾体３０の並びに沿った方向を並び方向と呼ぶ。
複数の濾体３０は、組み合わされて、処理液７を濾過する篩の役目をする部材である。
一本の濾体３０は、回転軸３１と複数の濾片３２と複数のスペーサ３３と濾片押さえ３４と押さえナット３５とで構成される。
回転軸３１は、長手方向の軸心回りに回転可能な軸である。回転軸３１の右側と左側とに雄ねじが切られ、一方の端部に駆動機構（図示せず）との連結部をもつ。
【００２２】
濾片３２とスペーサ３３とは、回転軸３１に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並ぶ。
濾片３２は、所定の厚み（例えば、０．８ｍｍ）をもった円板である。
複数の濾液排出空隙３６が、その円板に、所定のピッチ円上に所定の位相で設けられる。濾片３２に設けられた濾液排出空隙３６は、外縁に繋がらない穴である。
複数の濾片３２は、複数の通常濾片３２Ｒと複数の小径濾片３２Ｓとに分かれる。
通常濾片３２Ｒは、円板である。
小径濾片３２Ｓは、通常濾片３２Ｒより小さい外径を持った円板である。
【００２３】
スペーサ３３は、所定の厚み（例えば、１．２ｍｍから１．０ｍｍ）をもった板である。
複数の濾液排出空隙３６が、その円板に、所定のピッチ円上に所定の位相で設けられる。
複数のスペーサ３３は、複数の通常スペーサ３３Ｒと複数の大径スペーサ３３Ｓとに分かれる。
通常スペーサ３３Ｒは、菊座形の板である。菊座形とは、円板の外縁の数箇所にＵ字形の切り欠きが設けられて菊の花びら状をした形である。通常スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙３６は、外縁から中心部に向かって切り込まれたそのＵ字型の切り欠きである。
大径スペーサ３３Ｓは、通常スペーサ３３Ｒより大きな外径を持った円板である。大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙３６が外縁に繋がらない穴である。
【００２４】
濾片押さえ３４は、回転軸３１に貫通された濾片とスペーサ３３とを両端側から挟む押さえる一対の部材である。
左側の濾片押さえ３４は、濾片３２の濾液排出空隙３６に一致する箇所を切り欠かれている。
【００２５】
押さえナット３５は、回転軸３１の雄ねじにねじ込まれ、両端側から複数の濾片３２とスペーサ３３と濾片押さえ３４とを押さえるナット部材である。
【００２６】
下段濾体列３０Ｄの複数の濾体３０が、処理室１０の貯留空間１１の下部に、長手方向を処理室１０の左右に向けて互いに平行に並んで回転自在に支持される。濾体３０の濾片３２が、前後に隣り合った他の濾体３０の濾片３２とスペーサ３３とが形成する隙間にくい込む。
濾体３０の右側が、右側板１２Ｒに設けられた右側貫通穴１７Ｒを貫通する。
濾体３０の左側が、左側板１２Ｌに設けられた左側貫通穴１７Ｌを貫通する。
上段濾体列３０Ｕの複数の濾体３０が、処理室１０の貯留空間１１の上部に、長手方向を処理室１０の左右に向けて互いに平行に並んで回転自在に支持される。濾体３０の濾片３２が、前後に隣り合った他の濾体３０の濾片３２とスペーサ３３とが形成する隙間にくい込む。
濾体３０の右側が、右側板１２Ｒに設けられた右側貫通穴１７Ｒを貫通する。濾体３０の左側が、左側板１２Ｌに設けられた左側貫通穴１７Ｌを貫通する。
【００２７】
前後に隣接する濾体の回転芯ＣＬの離間距離は、小径濾片３２Ｓの直径よりも小さい。
従って、濾体３０の小径濾片３２Ｓの一部領域が、隣接する他の濾体３０の小径濾片３２Ｓと大径スペーサ３３Ｓとで構成される隙間にくい込む。
通常濾片３２Ｒの直径は小径濾片３２Ｓの直径より大きいので、濾体３０の通常濾片３２Ｒの一部領域が、隣接する他の濾体３０の通常濾片３２Ｒと通常スペーサ３３Ｒとで構成される隙間にくい込む。
通常濾片３２Ｒの一部領域の並び方向の幅寸法をＨ１とする。通常濾片３２Ｒの外縁と通常スペーサ３３Ｒの外縁との離間距離をＧ１とする。
小径濾片の一部領域の並び方向の幅寸法をＨ２とする。小径濾片３２Ｓの外縁と大径スペーサ３３Ｓの外縁との離間距離をＧ２とする。
【００２８】
夫々の濾体３０において、通常濾片３２Ｒと通常スペーサ３３Ｒと小径濾片３２Ｓと大径スペーサ３３Ｓとが、所定の順番で、回転軸に積層され、濾体３０の通常濾片３２Ｒの外縁が、前後方向に隣接する他の濾体３０の通常スペーサ３３Ｒの外縁に対向し、濾体３０の小径濾片３２Ｓの外縁が前後方向に隣接する他の濾体３０の大型スペーサ３３Ｓの外縁に対向する様になっている。
回転軸３１の側面が平面に切られており、濾片３２とスペーサ３３が回転軸３１に嵌合する。従って、回転軸３１と濾片３２とスペーサ３３とは一体となって回転する。
また、複数の通常濾片と複数の通常スペーサとが積層した組（以下、通常濾片−スペーサ組と呼ぶ。）が濾体３０の長手方向に沿ってほぼ均等に配置されているのが好ましい。残りのスペースには、小径濾片３２Ｓと大径スペーサ３３Ｓの組が積層されている。
また、大径スペーサ３３Ｓの厚みから小径濾片３２Ｓの厚みを差し引いた値が、ゼロにならない０．４ｍｍ以下であるのが好ましい。
また、小径濾片３２Ｓの一部領域の並び方向の幅寸法が運転中に濾体３０が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるのが好ましい。
また、濾体３０の小径濾片３２Ｓの外縁と隣接する他の濾体３０の大径スペーサ３３Ｓの外縁との離間距離Ｇ２がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるのが好ましい。
また、濾体３０において、全部のスペーサ３３の内の通常スペーサ３３Ｒの占める割合が２０％を越えるのが好ましい。
【００２９】
次に、本発明の好ましい実施形態の作用を、説明する。
処理液７が、脱水槽の処理液入口５から貯留空間１１へ投入される。処理液７は、上段濾体列３０Ｕと下段濾体列３０Ｄとに挟まれつつ、貯留空間１１を前方に進む。
処理液は、重力による作用と上段濾体列３０Ｕと下段濾体列３０Ｄとに挟まれた圧密の作用により、濾液９と汚泥８とに分離される。濾液９は、下段濾体列３０Ｄの濾片３２と濾片３２とが重なる一部領域に引き込まれて、下段濾体列３０Ｄの下方に流れ出る。また、濾液９は、通常濾片３２Ｒと通常濾片３２Ｒとの重なる一部領域に引き込まれて通常スペーサ３３Ｒの濾液排出空隙３６に入る。濾液９は、濾片３２とスペーサ３３とに設けられた濾液排出空隙３６を伝って、濾液室２０へ流れ出る。濾液９は、脱水槽の下部に設けられた濾液出口１８から排出される。
汚泥８は、回転する濾体３０の濾片３２の摩擦力で前方へ移動する。特に、通常濾片−スペーサ組の通常濾片３２Ｒが、際立って貯留空間２２に突き出ているので、複数の通常濾片３２Ｒが汚泥８をつかんで前方へ送る作用が強い。
小径濾片３２Ｓの外縁と大径スペーサ３３Ｓの外縁との離間距離が小さく、回転軸の長手方向に細かく分かれているので、汚泥８が濾液９とともに流れ出ることが少ない。
また、通常濾片３２Ｒの外縁が並び方向に隣接する通常スペーサ３３Ｒの濾液排出空隙３６に詰まった汚泥をかき取るので、濾体３０の長手方向に連なる濾液排出空隙３６の目詰まりを防止する。
【００３０】
【実施例】
２枚の通常濾片と２枚の通常スペーサとを組み合わせた通常濾片−スペーサ組を作り、８枚の小径濾片と８枚の大径スペーサとを組み合わせた小径濾片−大径スペーサ組を作り、通常濾片−スペーサ組と小径濾片−大径スペーサ組とを交互に並べた濾体を試作した。
この濾体のＨ１が１４ｍｍ、Ｈ２が２ｍｍ、Ｇ１とＧ２が夫々１ｍｍになるように組み合わせて上段濾体列と下段濾体列をつくり実験したところ、排出された汚泥の含水率が、全てが通常濾片と通常スペーサでできた濾体を用いた場合の含水率が７８重量％であったのに比べ、７６重量％に改善され、また濾体の作動動力も低下した。
【００３１】
上述の実施形態の脱水槽を用いれば、以下の作用と効果を発揮できる。
濾体３０の複数の濾片３２を、通常濾片３２Ｒと小さな外径を持った小径濾片３２Ｓとに分けたので、濾体３０を回転させた際の小径濾片３２Ｓの摩擦抵抗力が小さくなり、濾体３０を回転する消費動力が小さくなった。
また、濾体３０の複数のスペーサ３３を、通常スペーサ３３Ｒと大きな外径を持った大径スペーサ３３Ｓとし、並び方向に通常濾片３２Ｒに通常スペーサ３３Ｓに対向させ、小径濾片３２Ｒに大径スペーサ３３Ｓを対向させ、並び方向の濾片３２同士が一部領域を互いに重ねる様にしたので、隣接した濾体３０同士の間にある隙間が小さく分離された空隙になり、汚泥の濾液側への漏れを抑制でき、処理液の分離性能が向上した。
また、大径スペーサ３３Ｓに設けた濾液排出空隙３６を外縁に繋がらない独立した穴としたので、汚泥の液排出空隙３６への漏れが少なくなり、処理液の分離性能が向上した、
また、前後に隣接する濾片３２の重なる一部領域の並び方向の幅寸法を、濾体３０が撓んでも隣接する濾片同士が外れない程度の小さな値にしたので、濾体の長手方向の位置精度を絶えず保持した状態で濾体を駆動でき、濾体駆動に抗する過剰なトルクが加わることを防止できる。
また、小径濾片３２Ｓの外縁と大径スペーサ３３Ｓの外縁との離間距離Ｇ２を小さくしたので、汚泥の漏れがすくなくなり、処理液の分離性能が向上した、
また、複数の通常濾片３２Ｒと通常スペーサ３３Ｒを重ねた通常濾片−スペーサ組を濾体の長手方向にほぼ均等に配置したので、汚泥の送り性能の低下を抑制できた。
また、複数の通常濾片３２Ｒと通常スペーサ３３Ｒとを組み合わせたものを回転軸の長手方向に均等に配置し、残りを小径濾片３２Ｓと大径スペーサ３３Ｓとを組み合わせたものとしたので、濾体を回転させる消費動力が少なくなり、また汚泥を前方へ送る性能が低下しなかった。
【００３２】
本発明は以上に述べた実施形態に限られるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で各種の変更が可能である。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の処理液を脱水するための脱水槽は、その構成により、以下の効果を有する。
濾体の複数の濾片を通常濾片と小径濾片とに分け、スペーサを通常スペーサと大径スペーサとに分け、大径スペーサに設けた濾液排出空隙を外縁に繋がらない穴にしたので、下段濾体列の上に流された処理液が、下段濾体列の複数の濾体の小径濾片と大径スペーサとが並べられた面に流れると、濾液が濾片と濾片との隙間から下方に流れ落ち、固形物が大径スペーサの濾液排出空隙に直接に流れるのを防止するので、脱水性能が向上する。
また、複数の通常濾片と通常スペーサを組にした通常濾片−スペーサ組が濾体の回転軸に沿って配置されているので、前記濾体が回転すると、通常濾片−スペーサ組の複数の通常濾片が、下段濾体列の上の汚泥に食い込み、汚泥出口に向かって汚泥を搬送する能力が高まる。
また、前記大径スペーサの厚みから前記小径濾片の厚みを差し引いた値が、ゼロにならない０．４ｍｍ以下であるので、回転する濾体に積層した小径濾片と隣接する他の回転する濾体の小径濾片とが濾液のみを下段濾体列の下方に引き込み、処理液の濾過が進む。
また、前記小径濾片の前記一部領域の前記濾体の並び方向の幅寸法が運転中に濾体が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるので、濾体を回転駆動するのに要するトルクが小さくなる。
また、前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁と隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大径スペーサの外縁との離間距離がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であるので、処理液の固形分が外縁と外縁との間から外に抜けるのを抑制できる。
また、前記濾体において、全部の前記スペーサの内の前記通常スペーサの占める割合が２０％を越えるので、全てが通常スペーサである濾体に比べて、脱水性能を低下させることなく、濾体を回転させるための消費動力を小さくできる。
従って、多重円板脱水機の濾体の駆動に要するトルクを小さくし、過負荷の減少、消費動力の低減が図れる多重円板脱水機を提供できる。
【００３４】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態に係る脱水装置の全体図である。
【図２】本発明の実施形態に係る脱水槽の側面断面図である。
【図３】本発明の実施形態に係る脱水槽の正面断面図である。
【図４】本発明の実施形態に係る濾体の一部平面図である。
【図５】本発明の実施形態に係る通常濾片と通常スペーサの組立図である。
【図６】本発明の実施形態に係る小径濾片と大径スペーサの組立図である。
【符号の説明】
１脱水装置
２脱水槽
３凝集槽
４原液入口
５処理液入口
６汚泥出口
７処理液
８汚泥
９濾液
１０処理室
１１貯留空間
１２側板
１２Ｌ左側板
１２Ｒ右側板
１３底板
１４前面板
１５背面板
１６上蓋
１７Ｌ左側貫通穴
１７Ｒ右側貫通穴
１８濾液出口
２０濾液室
３０Ｕ上段濾体列
３０Ｄ下段濾体列
３０濾体
３１回転軸
３２濾片
３２Ｒ通常濾片
３２Ｓ小径濾片
３３スペーサ
３３Ｒ通常スペーサ
３３Ｓ大径スペーサ
３４濾片押さえ
３５押さえナット
３６濾液排出空隙[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a so-called multiple disk dehydrator. In particular, the present invention relates to a multiple disk dehydrator characterized by the structure of the filter body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A major feature of the multi-disc dehydrator is that the filtration surface for performing solid-liquid separation is formed from a combination of filter bodies formed by stacking disc-shaped thin plates having different shapes.
The dehydrating apparatus includes a dehydrating tank, a coagulating tank, and a control unit in which a large number of filter bodies are arranged in a box.
The filter body is configured by alternately inserting discs (filter pieces) with holes to serve as filtration passages and spacers in the shape of a chrysanthemum into the rotation shaft. Since the gap between the disks is extremely narrow, the aggregated floc is deposited on the disk, but the liquid is filtered and separated by passing through this narrow gap.
The filter bodies are combined so that the outer peripheral portion of the disk faces the spacers of the filter bodies adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction. For this reason, the filter disc adjacent to the gap formed by the disc and the spacer is inserted, and the adjacent filter disc always cleans the narrow gap to prevent clogging.
The filter body rotates at a low speed, and the solid matter deposited on the filter body is conveyed by the rotation of the disk.
[0003]
The filter bodies are arranged in two rows in the upper and lower stages in the dewatering tank, and are arranged so that the interval between the upper and lower rows is gradually narrowed from the supply side of the coagulated sludge toward the dewatered cake discharge section.
The sludge aggregated in the coagulation tank is fed to the dehydration tank, and is conveyed toward the sludge outlet while being gradually concentrated by the rotation of the upper and lower filter bodies. The transported sludge is subjected to volumetric compression because the interval between the upper and lower filter body rows is gradually narrowed.
On the other hand, the filtrate produced in the filtration step and consolidation dehydration is drained in the axial direction through the filtrate discharge hole provided in each filter body, collected in the filtrate chamber, and then discharged out of the system.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-196808 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-23165
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
There was a request to reduce the power consumption of the multiple disk dehydrator and increase the processing capacity. However, since the filter piece has a structure that bites into the gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter element and the spacer, and the sludge is dehydrated using the narrow gap created by the structure, The friction between the filter pieces of the body was large, and when the filter body was driven to rotate, the friction was a large load torque.
[0006]
The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and the multiple disk dewatering that can reduce the torque required to drive the filter body of the multiple disk dewatering machine to reduce overload and power consumption. Try to provide a machine.
[0007]
[Mechanism for solving the problem]
In order to achieve the above object, the dehydration tank for dehydrating the treatment liquid according to the present invention includes a treatment chamber that is a container for storing the treatment liquid in the storage space and discharging the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet, and a lower portion of the storage space. A lower filter body row that is a filter body row composed of a plurality of filter bodies arranged adjacent to each other in parallel in the longitudinal direction, and the filter body passes through the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft in the longitudinal direction. It has a plurality of pairs of filter pieces and spacers arranged alternately and stacked, and a part of the filter pieces of the filter body is composed of the filter pieces and the spacers of the other filter bodies adjacent to each other. A plurality of the filter pieces are divided into a normal filter piece that is a disk and a small-diameter filter piece that is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the normal filter piece, and the plurality of spacers are usually in the shape of a squirrel Divided into a spacer and a large-diameter spacer which is a disk having a larger outer diameter than the normal spacer, The outer edge of the normal filter piece of the body is opposed to the outer edge of the normal spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto, and the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body adjacent to the outer edge of the small diameter filter piece of the filter body The filtrate discharge gap that passes the filtrate in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft is provided in the filter piece and the spacer, and the filtrate discharge gap provided in the large-diameter spacer is a hole that is not connected to the outer edge. .
[0008]
According to the configuration of the present invention, the processing chamber stores the processing liquid in the storage space and discharges the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet, and the lower filter body row is arranged adjacent to the lower portion of the storage space in parallel in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of filter bodies, the filter body having a plurality of pairs of filter pieces and spacers that are alternately arranged by being stacked in the longitudinal direction through the rotation shaft. In addition, a part of the filter piece of the filter body includes a gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter body and the spacer, and a plurality of the filter pieces are discs. And a small-diameter filter piece which is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than that of the normal filter piece, and the plurality of spacers are a Kikuza-shaped normal spacer and a large-diameter spacer which is a disk having an outer diameter larger than that of the normal spacer. And the normal filter piece of the filter body is adjacent to the outer edge of the other filter body. There is a filtrate discharge gap that normally faces the outer edge of the spacer, the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body opposes the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body, and allows the filtrate to pass in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft. Provided in the filter piece and the spacer, the filtrate discharge gap provided in the large-diameter spacer is a hole that does not connect to the outer edge, so that the treatment liquid that has flowed over the lower filter body row has a plurality of lower filter body rows. When the small-diameter filter piece and the large-diameter spacer of the filter body flow on the side where the small-diameter filter piece is arranged, the filtrate flows down from the gap between the small-diameter filter piece and the small-diameter filter piece, and solid matter enters the filtrate discharge gap of the large-diameter spacer. Prevents direct flow and improves dewatering performance.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the dewatering tank according to the present invention, it is preferable that a normal filter piece-spacer set, which is a set in which a plurality of normal filter pieces and a normal spacer are stacked, is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the filter body.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the normal filter piece-spacer group is a set in which a plurality of normal filter pieces and a normal spacer are stacked, and the normal filter piece-spacer group is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the filter body. Therefore, when the filter body rotates, the dewatered sludge in the lower filter body row is bitten into the rotating normal filter piece, and the conveying force for conveying the sludge toward the sludge outlet increases.
[0010]
Further, in the dehydrating tank according to the present invention, it is preferable that a value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the small-diameter filter piece from the thickness of the large-diameter spacer is 0.4 mm or less which does not become zero. According to the configuration of the present invention, the value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the small-diameter filter piece from the thickness of the large-diameter spacer is 0.4 mm or less that does not become zero, so it is adjacent to the small-diameter filter piece laminated on the rotating filter body. The other small filter pieces of the rotating filter body draw only the filtrate below the lower filter body row, and the filtration of the treatment liquid is promoted.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the dehydrating tank according to the present invention, the width dimension in the arrangement direction of the filter bodies in the partial region of the small-diameter filter pieces is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero even if the filter bodies are bent during operation. Is preferred.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the width dimension in the direction of arrangement of the filter bodies in the partial area of the small-diameter filter piece is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero even if the filter bodies are bent during operation. The torque required for rotational driving is reduced.
[0012]
Furthermore, the dehydration tank according to the present invention has a dimension of 2 mm or less in which the separation distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer of the other filter body is not zero. Is preferred.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the separation distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer of the other filter body adjacent to the filter body is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero. The solid content of the liquid can be prevented from coming out from between the outer edge and the outer edge.
[0013]
Furthermore, in the dewatering tank according to the present invention, it is preferable that the ratio of the normal spacer in all the spacers exceeds 20% in the filter body.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the proportion of the normal spacers in all the spacers exceeds 20% in the filter body, so that the dewatering performance is lowered as compared with the filter body in which all the spacers are normal. In addition, power consumption for rotating the filter body can be reduced.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
[0015]
A dehydration tank for dehydrating a processing solution according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a dehydrating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the dewatering tank according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the dehydration tank according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the filter body according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram of the normal filter piece and the normal spacer according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a small-diameter filter piece and a large-diameter spacer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
The dehydrating apparatus 1 is an apparatus that separates the processing liquid into filtrate and sludge, and includes a dehydrating tank 2, a coagulating tank 3, and a control unit (not shown).
In the flocculation tank 3, the stock solution and the polymer are introduced from the stock solution inlet 4, and are stirred with a stirring blade to aggregate the sludge in the stock solution. Sludge aggregates into large lumps by the action of the polymer.
The processing liquid exits from the outlet 3 of the aggregation tank 3 and is charged from the processing liquid inlet 5 of the dehydration tank 2.
[0017]
The dewatering tank 2 is a tank that dehydrates the processing liquid and separates it into the filtrate 9 and the sludge 8, and includes a processing chamber 10, a filtrate chamber 20, a lower filter body row 30D, an upper filter body row 30U, and a drive mechanism (not shown). Consists of.
[0018]
The processing chamber 10 is a container for storing the processing liquid 7 in the storage space 11 and taking out the dewatered sludge 8 from the sludge outlet 6. The right side plate 12R, the left side plate 12L, the bottom plate 13, the front plate 14, the back plate 15 and the top lid 16.
For convenience of explanation, the right hand side is referred to as the right side and the left hand side is referred to as the left side from the front plate 14 side toward the back plate 15.
The right side plate 12 </ b> R is a right side plate of the processing chamber 10. The left side plate 12L is the left side plate of the processing chamber 10. The right side plate 12R and the left side plate 12L sandwich the storage space 11 from the left and right.
The bottom plate 13 is a plate that covers the bottom of the storage space 11. The bottom plate 13 is inclined upward as it proceeds from the rear side to the front side of the storage space 11.
The front plate 14 is a plate that covers the front surface of the storage space 11 and is provided with a sludge outlet 6.
The back plate 15 is a plate that covers the back surface of the storage space 11 and is provided with a treatment liquid inlet 5.
The right side plate 12R, the left side plate 12L, the bottom plate 13, the front plate 14 and the back plate 15 are liquid-tightly connected to form a container.
The upper lid 16 is a lid of the container.
[0019]
A plurality of right side through holes 17R are provided in the right side plate 12R. The right through hole 17R is a circular hole having a predetermined diameter that is divided into an upper stage and a lower stage and arranged at a predetermined pitch.
A plurality of left side through holes 17L are provided in the left side plate 12L. The left through hole 17L is a circular hole having a predetermined diameter that is divided into an upper stage and a lower stage and arranged at a predetermined pitch.
The position of the right through hole 17R in the right plate 12R and the position of the left through hole 17L in the left plate 12L coincide with each other with high accuracy.
[0020]
The filtrate chamber 20 is a container that is provided on the left side of the left side plate 12L and receives the liquid discharged from the filtrate discharge gap 36 described later. After the liquid has accumulated in the filtrate chamber 20, it flows from the lower part of the filtrate chamber 20 to the processing chamber 10 and is discharged from a filtrate outlet 18 provided in the processing chamber 10.
[0021]
The lower-stage filter body row 30D and the upper-stage filter body row 30U are a pair of upper and lower filter body rows configured by a plurality of filter bodies 30 arranged in series adjacent to each other in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the storage space 11.
For convenience of explanation, the direction along the arrangement of the plurality of filter bodies 30 in the lower filter array 30D or the upper filter array 30U is referred to as an arrangement direction.
The plurality of filter bodies 30 are members that are combined and serve as a sieve for filtering the treatment liquid 7.
One filter body 30 includes a rotating shaft 31, a plurality of filter pieces 32, a plurality of spacers 33, a filter piece presser 34, and a presser nut 35.
The rotary shaft 31 is a shaft that can rotate around the longitudinal axis. Male screws are cut on the right and left sides of the rotating shaft 31, and one end has a connecting portion with a drive mechanism (not shown).
[0022]
The filter pieces 32 and the spacers 33 are penetrated through the rotating shaft 31 and stacked alternately in the longitudinal direction.
The filter piece 32 is a disc having a predetermined thickness (for example, 0.8 mm).
A plurality of filtrate discharge gaps 36 are provided on the disk in a predetermined phase on a predetermined pitch circle. The filtrate discharge gap 36 provided in the filter piece 32 is a hole not connected to the outer edge.
The plurality of filter pieces 32 are divided into a plurality of normal filter pieces 32R and a plurality of small-diameter filter pieces 32S.
Usually, the filter piece 32R is a disk.
The small-diameter filter piece 32S is a disc having an outer diameter smaller than that of the normal filter piece 32R.
[0023]
The spacer 33 is a plate having a predetermined thickness (for example, 1.2 mm to 1.0 mm).
A plurality of filtrate discharge gaps 36 are provided on the disk in a predetermined phase on a predetermined pitch circle.
The plurality of spacers 33 are divided into a plurality of normal spacers 33R and a plurality of large diameter spacers 33S.
Usually, the spacer 33R is a Kikuza-shaped plate. The chrysanthemum shape is a shape in which a U-shaped cutout is provided at several locations on the outer edge of the disc to form a chrysanthemum petal shape. The filtrate discharge gap 36 normally provided in the spacer is a U-shaped notch cut from the outer edge toward the center.
The large-diameter spacer 33S is a disk having a larger outer diameter than the normal spacer 33R. The filtrate discharge gap 36 provided in the large-diameter spacer is a hole that is not connected to the outer edge.
[0024]
The filter piece presser 34 is a pair of members that hold the filter piece penetrating the rotating shaft 31 and the spacer 33 from both ends.
The left filter piece presser 34 is cut out at a position corresponding to the filtrate discharge gap 36 of the filter piece 32.
[0025]
The holding nut 35 is a nut member that is screwed into the male screw of the rotating shaft 31 and holds down the plurality of filter pieces 32, the spacer 33, and the filter piece presser 34 from both ends.
[0026]
A plurality of filter bodies 30 in the lower-stage filter body row 30 </ b> D are rotatably supported in the lower part of the storage space 11 of the processing chamber 10 such that the longitudinal directions thereof are parallel to each other in the left and right directions of the processing chamber 10. The filter piece 32 of the filter body 30 is less likely to form a gap formed by the filter piece 32 of the other filter body 30 adjacent to the front and rear and the spacer 33.
The right side of the filter body 30 penetrates the right through hole 17R provided in the right side plate 12R.
The left side of the filter body 30 penetrates the left through hole 17L provided in the left side plate 12L.
A plurality of filter bodies 30 in the upper stage filter body row 30U are rotatably supported on the upper portion of the storage space 11 of the processing chamber 10 so that their longitudinal directions are parallel to each other and to the left and right of the processing chamber 10. The filter piece 32 of the filter body 30 is less likely to form a gap formed by the filter piece 32 of the other filter body 30 adjacent to the front and rear and the spacer 33.
The right side of the filter body 30 penetrates the right through hole 17R provided in the right side plate 12R. The left side of the filter body 30 penetrates the left through hole 17L provided in the left side plate 12L.
[0027]
The separation distance between the rotary cores CL of the filter bodies adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction is smaller than the diameter of the small-diameter filter piece 32S.
Therefore, a partial region of the small-diameter filter piece 32S of the filter body 30 is less likely to be a gap formed by the small-diameter filter piece 32S of the other adjacent filter body 30 and the large-diameter spacer 33S.
Since the diameter of the normal filter piece 32R is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter filter piece 32S, a partial region of the normal filter piece 32R of the filter body 30 is composed of the normal filter piece 32R of the other adjacent filter body 30 and the normal spacer 33R. It is difficult to get into the gap.
Usually, the width dimension in the arrangement direction of a partial region of the filter piece 32R is H1. The distance between the outer edge of the normal filter piece 32R and the outer edge of the normal spacer 33R is defined as G1.
The width dimension in the arrangement direction of the partial areas of the small-diameter filter pieces is H2. The distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece 32S and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer 33S is G2.
[0028]
In each filter body 30, a normal filter piece 32R, a normal spacer 33R, a small-diameter filter piece 32S, and a large-diameter spacer 33S are stacked on a rotating shaft in a predetermined order, and an outer edge of the normal filter piece 32R of the filter body 30 is formed. The outer edge of the normal spacer 33R of the other filter body 30 adjacent in the front-rear direction is opposed to the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece 32S of the filter body 30 and the outer edge of the large spacer 33S of the other filter body 30 adjacent in the front-rear direction. It is supposed to do.
The side surface of the rotating shaft 31 is cut into a flat surface, and the filter piece 32 and the spacer 33 are fitted to the rotating shaft 31. Therefore, the rotating shaft 31, the filter piece 32, and the spacer 33 rotate together.
In addition, it is preferable that a set in which a plurality of normal filter pieces and a plurality of normal spacers are stacked (hereinafter referred to as a normal filter piece-spacer set) is arranged substantially evenly along the longitudinal direction of the filter body 30. . In the remaining space, a set of small-diameter filter pieces 32S and large-diameter spacers 33S is laminated.
The value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the small-diameter filter piece 32S from the thickness of the large-diameter spacer 33S is preferably 0.4 mm or less which does not become zero.
Moreover, it is preferable that the width dimension of the arrangement direction of the partial area | region of the small diameter filter piece 32S is a dimension of 2 mm or less which is not zero even if the filter body 30 bends during operation.
The distance G2 between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece 32S of the filter body 30 and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer 33S of another adjacent filter body 30 is preferably 2 mm or less so that it does not become zero.
In the filter body 30, it is preferable that the ratio of the normal spacers 33R in all the spacers 33 exceeds 20%.
[0029]
Next, the operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The treatment liquid 7 is introduced into the storage space 11 from the treatment liquid inlet 5 of the dehydration tank. The treatment liquid 7 advances forward in the storage space 11 while being sandwiched between the upper filter body row 30U and the lower filter body row 30D.
The treatment liquid is separated into the filtrate 9 and the sludge 8 by the action of gravity and the action of compaction sandwiched between the upper filter body row 30U and the lower filter body row 30D. The filtrate 9 is drawn into a partial region where the filter pieces 32 and the filter pieces 32 of the lower filter body row 30D overlap, and flows out below the lower filter body row 30D. Further, the filtrate 9 is drawn into a partial region where the normal filter piece 32R and the normal filter piece 32R overlap and enters the filtrate discharge gap 36 of the normal spacer 33R. The filtrate 9 flows out to the filtrate chamber 20 through the filtrate discharge gap 36 provided in the filter piece 32 and the spacer 33. The filtrate 9 is discharged from a filtrate outlet 18 provided at the lower part of the dehydration tank.
The sludge 8 moves forward by the frictional force of the filter piece 32 of the rotating filter body 30. In particular, since the normal filter pieces 32R of the normal filter piece-spacer group protrude prominently into the storage space 22, the action of the plurality of normal filter pieces 32R grabbing the sludge 8 and sending it forward is strong.
Since the separation distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece 32S and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer 33S is small and finely separated in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft, the sludge 8 hardly flows out together with the filtrate 9.
Further, since the sludge clogged in the filtrate discharge gap 36 of the normal spacer 33R whose outer edge of the normal filter piece 32R is adjacent in the arrangement direction is scraped off, the clogging of the filtrate discharge gap 36 continuous in the longitudinal direction of the filter body 30 is prevented.
[0030]
【Example】
A normal filter piece-spacer set is formed by combining two normal filter pieces and two normal spacers, and a small diameter filter piece-large diameter spacer set is formed by combining eight small diameter filter pieces and eight large diameter spacers. A filter body in which normal filter pieces-spacer groups and small-diameter filter pieces-large-diameter spacer groups are alternately arranged was made as a trial product.
When this filter body was combined with H1 of 14 mm, H2 of 2 mm, and G1 and G2 of 1 mm to make an upper filter body row and a lower filter body row, the moisture content of the discharged sludge was all The water content in the case of using a filter body made of a normal filter piece and a normal spacer was improved to 76% by weight compared to 78% by weight, and the operating power of the filter body was also lowered.
[0031]
If the dehydration tank of the above-mentioned embodiment is used, the following operations and effects can be exhibited.
Since the plurality of filter pieces 32 of the filter body 30 are divided into normal filter pieces 32R and small-diameter filter pieces 32S having a small outer diameter, the frictional resistance of the small-diameter filter pieces 32S when the filter body 30 is rotated is reduced. The power consumption for rotating the filter body 30 was reduced.
In addition, the plurality of spacers 33 of the filter body 30 are large spacers 33S having large outer diameters with the normal spacers 33R, the normal filter pieces 32R are opposed to the normal spacers 33S in the arrangement direction, and the small diameter filter pieces 32R have a large diameter. Since the spacers 33S face each other and the filter pieces 32 in the arrangement direction partially overlap each other, the gap between the adjacent filter bodies 30 becomes a small separated gap, toward the sludge filtrate side. Leakage of liquid was suppressed, and the separation performance of the treatment liquid was improved.
Further, since the filtrate discharge gap 36 provided in the large-diameter spacer 33S is an independent hole not connected to the outer edge, the leakage of sludge into the liquid discharge gap 36 is reduced, and the separation performance of the processing liquid is improved.
Moreover, since the width dimension of the arrangement direction of the partial region where the filter pieces 32 adjacent to each other overlap each other is set to such a small value that the adjacent filter pieces are not detached even if the filter body 30 is bent, the longitudinal direction of the filter body The filter body can be driven in a state where the positional accuracy is constantly maintained, and it is possible to prevent an excessive torque against the drive of the filter body from being applied.
Moreover, since the separation distance G2 between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece 32S and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer 33S is reduced, sludge leakage is less likely to improve the treatment liquid separation performance.
Moreover, since the normal filter piece-spacer group in which the plurality of normal filter pieces 32R and the normal spacers 33R are overlapped is arranged almost evenly in the longitudinal direction of the filter body, it is possible to suppress a decrease in sludge feeding performance.
In addition, since a combination of a plurality of normal filter pieces 32R and normal spacers 33R is evenly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft, and the remainder is a combination of small diameter filter pieces 32S and large diameter spacers 33S, The power consumed to rotate the body decreased, and the performance of sending sludge forward did not deteriorate.
[0032]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the dehydration tank for dehydrating the treatment liquid of the present invention has the following effects due to its configuration.
Since the plurality of filter pieces of the filter body are divided into normal filter pieces and small diameter filter pieces, the spacer is divided into normal spacers and large diameter spacers, and the filtrate discharge gap provided in the large diameter spacer is made into a hole not connected to the outer edge. When the treatment liquid that has flowed over the lower filter train flows on the surface where the small-diameter filter pieces and the large-diameter spacers of the plurality of filter bodies in the lower filter train are arranged, the filtrate is separated into the filter pieces and the filter pieces. The dehydrating performance is improved because the solid material flows downward from the gap and prevents the solid material from flowing directly into the filtrate discharge gap of the large-diameter spacer.
In addition, since the normal filter piece-spacer set in which a plurality of normal filter pieces and normal spacers are combined is disposed along the rotation axis of the filter body, when the filter body rotates, a plurality of normal filter pieces-spacer sets are provided. The normal filter piece bites into the sludge on the lower filter body row, and the ability to convey the sludge toward the sludge outlet is enhanced.
In addition, since the value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the small-diameter filter piece from the thickness of the large-diameter spacer is 0.4 mm or less which does not become zero, another rotating filter adjacent to the small-diameter filter piece stacked on the rotating filter body is used. The small-diameter filter piece of the body draws only the filtrate below the lower filter body row, and the filtration of the treatment liquid proceeds.
In addition, since the width dimension in the arrangement direction of the filter bodies in the partial area of the small-diameter filter piece is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero even if the filter bodies are bent during operation, the filter body is rotated. The required torque is reduced.
In addition, since the distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer of another filter body adjacent to the filter body is 2 mm or less, the solid content of the treatment liquid is the outer edge. Can be prevented from coming out from between the outer edge and the outer edge.
Further, in the filter body, since the ratio of the normal spacers in all the spacers exceeds 20%, the filter body can be obtained without reducing the dehydration performance as compared with the filter body in which all the spacers are normal spacers. Power consumption for rotating can be reduced.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide a multiple disk dehydrator that can reduce the torque required to drive the filter body of the multiple disk dehydrator, reduce overload, and reduce power consumption.
[0034]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a dehydrating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a dehydration tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a dewatering tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of a filter body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram of a normal filter piece and a normal spacer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a small-diameter filter piece and a large-diameter spacer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dehydration apparatus 2 Dehydration tank 3 Coagulation tank 4 Raw liquid inlet 5 Process liquid inlet 6 Sludge outlet 7 Process liquid 8 Sludge 9 Filtrate 10 Process chamber 11 Storage space 12 Side plate 12L Left side plate 12R Right side plate 13 Bottom plate 14 Front plate 15 Back plate 16 Top cover 17L Left through hole 17R Right through hole 18 Filtrate outlet 20 Filtrate chamber 30U Upper filter row 30D Lower filter row 30 Filter body 31 Rotary shaft 32 Filter piece 32R Normal filter piece 32S Small diameter filter piece 33 Spacer 33R Normal spacer 33S Large diameter spacer 34 Filter piece presser 35 Presser nut 36 Filtrate discharge gap

Claims

処理液を脱水するための脱水槽であって、
処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器である処理室と、
前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列である下段濾体列と、
を備え、
前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、
前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、
前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、
濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、
前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない閉じた穴であり、
各々の前記濾体において複数枚の前記通常濾片と前記通常スペーサとが積層した１組または複数組のうちの一方の組である通常濾片−スペーサ組が濾体の長手方向に沿ってほぼ均等にスペースを隔てて繰り返して配置されて残りの前記スペースに前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとの組である小径濾片−大径スペーサ組が積層され、
各々の前記濾体において２組の前記通常濾片−スペーサ組と８組の前記小径濾片−大径スペーサ組とが交互に並んで配置される、
ことを特徴とする脱水槽。A dehydration tank for dehydrating a processing solution,
A processing chamber which is a container for storing the processing liquid in the storage space and discharging the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet;
A lower filter body row that is a filter body row composed of a plurality of filter bodies arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction in the lower part of the storage space;
With
The filter body has a plurality of sets of filter pieces and spacers that are alternately arranged by laminating in the longitudinal direction through the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft;
The gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter body and the spacer adjacent to each other in a part of the filter piece of the filter body,
In each of the filter bodies, the plurality of filter pieces are divided into a normal filter piece that is a disk and a small-diameter filter piece that is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the normal filter piece, and a plurality of the spacers in each filter body. Is divided into a regular spacer of Kikuza type and a large-diameter spacer that is a disc having an outer diameter larger than that of the normal spacer,
The outer edge of the normal filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the normal spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
The outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
A filtrate discharge gap for allowing the filtrate to pass in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft is provided in the filter piece and the spacer,
The filtrate discharge gap provided in the large diameter spacer is a closed hole that does not connect to the outer edge,
In each of the filter bodies, a normal filter piece-spacer set, which is one of a set or a plurality of sets in which a plurality of the normal filter pieces and the normal spacers are stacked, is substantially along the longitudinal direction of the filter body. a set of the small-diameter濾片and the large-diameter spacer to the remainder of the space is arranged repeatedly at a uniform space small濾片- large spacer pairs are stacked,
In each of the filter bodies, two sets of the normal filter pieces-spacer sets and eight sets of the small diameter filter pieces-large diameter spacer groups are alternately arranged.
A dehydration tank characterized by that.

処理液を脱水するための脱水槽であって、
処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器である処理室と、
前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列である下段濾体列と、
を備え、
前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、
前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、
前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、
濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、
前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない閉じた穴である、
前記貯留空間の床を覆う板である床板が前記汚泥出口に近づくに従い上に傾斜する、
各々の前記濾体において前記通常濾片と前記通常スペーサとが積層した組である２組の通常濾片−スペーサ組と前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとの組である８組の小径濾片−大径スペーサ組とが交互に並んで配置される、
ことを特徴とする脱水槽。A dehydration tank for dehydrating a processing solution,
A processing chamber which is a container for storing the processing liquid in the storage space and discharging the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet;
A lower filter body row that is a filter body row composed of a plurality of filter bodies arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction in the lower part of the storage space;
With
The filter body has a plurality of sets of filter pieces and spacers that are alternately arranged by laminating in the longitudinal direction through the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft;
The gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter body and the spacer adjacent to each other in a part of the filter piece of the filter body,
In each of the filter bodies, the plurality of filter pieces are divided into a normal filter piece that is a disk and a small-diameter filter piece that is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the normal filter piece, and a plurality of the spacers in each filter body. Is divided into a regular spacer of Kikuza type and a large-diameter spacer that is a disc having an outer diameter larger than that of the normal spacer,
The outer edge of the normal filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the normal spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
The outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
A filtrate discharge gap for allowing the filtrate to pass in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft is provided in the filter piece and the spacer,
The filtrate discharge gap provided in the large diameter spacer is a closed hole that does not connect to the outer edge,
The floor board which is a board covering the floor of the storage space is inclined upward as it approaches the sludge outlet.
In each of the filter bodies, 8 sets of small-diameter filters that are sets of 2 sets of normal filter pieces-spacer sets, small-diameter filter pieces, and large-diameter spacers, which are sets of the normal filter pieces and the normal spacers stacked. Single-large diameter spacer pairs are arranged alternately.
A dehydration tank characterized by that.

処理液を脱水するための脱水槽であって、
処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器である処理室と、
前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列である下段濾体列と、
を備え、
前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、
前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、
前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、
濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、
前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない閉じた穴であり、
前記大径スペーサの厚みから前記小径濾片の厚みを差し引いた値が、ゼロにならない０．４ｍｍ以下であり、
前記小径濾片の隣接する他の前記濾体の前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込む前記一部領域の複数の前記濾体の並び方向の寸法が運転中に濾体が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であり、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁と隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大径スペーサの外縁との離間距離がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法である、
各々の前記濾体において前記通常濾片と前記通常スペーサとが積層した組である２組の通常濾片−スペーサ組と前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとの組である８組の小径濾片−大径スペーサ組とが交互に並んで配置される、
ことを特徴とする脱水槽。A dehydration tank for dehydrating a processing solution,
A processing chamber which is a container for storing the processing liquid in the storage space and discharging the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet;
A lower filter body row that is a filter body row composed of a plurality of filter bodies arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction in the lower part of the storage space;
With
The filter body has a plurality of sets of filter pieces and spacers that are alternately arranged by laminating in the longitudinal direction through the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft;
The gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter body and the spacer adjacent to each other in a part of the filter piece of the filter body,
In each of the filter bodies, the plurality of filter pieces are divided into a normal filter piece that is a disk and a small-diameter filter piece that is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the normal filter piece, and a plurality of the spacers in each filter body. Is divided into a regular spacer of Kikuza type and a large-diameter spacer that is a disc having an outer diameter larger than that of the normal spacer,
The outer edge of the normal filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the normal spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
The outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
A filtrate discharge gap for allowing the filtrate to pass in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft is provided in the filter piece and the spacer,
The filtrate discharge gap provided in the large diameter spacer is a closed hole that does not connect to the outer edge,
The value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the small-diameter filter piece from the thickness of the large-diameter spacer is 0.4 mm or less that does not become zero,
The size in the arrangement direction of the plurality of filter bodies in the partial region into which the gap formed by the small-diameter filter piece and the large-diameter spacer of the other filter body adjacent to the small-diameter filter piece is difficult is filtered during operation. It is the dimension of 2mm or less that does not become zero even if the body is bent,
The distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer of another filter body adjacent to the filter body is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero.
In each of the filter bodies, 8 sets of small-diameter filters that are sets of 2 sets of normal filter pieces-spacer sets, small-diameter filter pieces, and large-diameter spacers, which are sets of the normal filter pieces and the normal spacers stacked. Single-large diameter spacer pairs are arranged alternately.
A dehydration tank characterized by that.

処理液を脱水するための脱水槽であって、
処理液を貯留空間に貯留し汚泥出口から脱水した汚泥を出す容器である処理室と、
前記貯留空間の下部に長手方向を平行に隣接して並べられた複数の濾体で構成された濾体列である下段濾体列と、
を備え、
前記濾体が回転軸と該回転軸に貫通され長手方向に積層して交互に並んだ濾片とスペーサとの複数の組を有し、
前記濾体の前記濾片の一部領域が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記濾片と前記スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込み、
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記濾片が円板である通常濾片と該通常濾片より小さい外径を持つ円板である小径濾片とに分かれ
各々の前記濾体において複数の前記スペーサが菊座形の通常スペーサと該通常スペーサより大きな外径を持つ円板である大径スペーサとに分かれ、
前記濾体の前記通常濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記通常スペーサの外縁に対向し、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁が隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大型スペーサの外縁に対向し、
濾液を回転軸の長手方向に通過させる濾液排出空隙が濾片とスペーサとに設けられ、
前記大径スペーサに設けられた濾液排出空隙が外縁に繋がらない閉じた穴であり、
前記小径濾片の隣接する他の前記濾体の前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとで構成される隙間にくい込む前記一部領域の複数の前記濾体の並び方向の寸法が運転中に濾体が撓んでもゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法であり、
前記濾体の前記小径濾片の外縁と隣接する他の前記濾体の前記大径スペーサの外縁との離間距離がゼロにならない２ｍｍ以下の寸法である、
各々の前記濾体において前記通常濾片と前記通常スペーサとが積層した組である２組の通常濾片−スペーサ組と前記小径濾片と前記大径スペーサとの組である８組の小径濾片−大径スペーサ組とが交互に並んで配置される、
ことを特徴とする脱水槽。A dehydration tank for dehydrating a processing solution,
A processing chamber which is a container for storing the processing liquid in the storage space and discharging the dewatered sludge from the sludge outlet;
A lower filter body row that is a filter body row composed of a plurality of filter bodies arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction in the lower part of the storage space;
With
The filter body has a plurality of sets of filter pieces and spacers that are alternately arranged by laminating in the longitudinal direction through the rotation shaft and the rotation shaft;
The gap formed by the filter piece of the other filter body and the spacer adjacent to each other in a part of the filter piece of the filter body,
In each of the filter bodies, the plurality of filter pieces are divided into a normal filter piece that is a disk and a small-diameter filter piece that is a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the normal filter piece, and a plurality of the spacers in each filter body. Is divided into a regular spacer of Kikuza type and a large-diameter spacer that is a disc having an outer diameter larger than that of the normal spacer,
The outer edge of the normal filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the normal spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
The outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body is opposed to the outer edge of the large spacer of the other filter body adjacent thereto,
A filtrate discharge gap for allowing the filtrate to pass in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft is provided in the filter piece and the spacer,
The filtrate discharge gap provided in the large diameter spacer is a closed hole that does not connect to the outer edge,
The size in the arrangement direction of the plurality of filter bodies in the partial region into which the gap formed by the small-diameter filter piece and the large-diameter spacer of the other filter body adjacent to the small-diameter filter piece is difficult is filtered during operation. It is the dimension of 2mm or less that does not become zero even if the body is bent,
The distance between the outer edge of the small-diameter filter piece of the filter body and the outer edge of the large-diameter spacer of another filter body adjacent to the filter body is a dimension of 2 mm or less that does not become zero.
In each of the filter bodies, 8 sets of small-diameter filters that are sets of 2 sets of normal filter pieces-spacer sets, small-diameter filter pieces, and large-diameter spacers, which are sets of the normal filter pieces and the normal spacers stacked. Single-large diameter spacer pairs are arranged alternately.
A dehydration tank characterized by that.