JP4522733B2 - Electrical discharge switching circuit switching device and electrical discharge machining power circuit switching device - Google Patents

Electrical discharge switching circuit switching device and electrical discharge machining power circuit switching device Download PDF

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JP4522733B2
JP4522733B2 JP2004092733A JP2004092733A JP4522733B2 JP 4522733 B2 JP4522733 B2 JP 4522733B2 JP 2004092733 A JP2004092733 A JP 2004092733A JP 2004092733 A JP2004092733 A JP 2004092733A JP 4522733 B2 JP4522733 B2 JP 4522733B2
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switching device
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piston
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JP2005279780A (en
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昭夫 保坂
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Sodick Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、放電加工用電気回路の切換装置及び放電加工の電源装置が有する複数種類の電源回路を切換えまたは切換え組合わせ使用する切換装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a switching device for switching or using a plurality of types of power supply circuits included in a switching device for an electrical circuit for electrical discharge machining and a power supply device for electrical discharge machining.

放電加工の加工電気エネルギを加工電極と被加工体間に供給する放電加工電源は、高度に技術開発が進み、工具電極として加工形状に相補の型電極を被加工体と相対向させて使用する形彫り放電加工機と、前記工具電極として線状電極を走行させて糸鋸状に加工に使用するワイヤ放電加工機とでは、電源回路が大幅に異なって来ている丈でなく、各形彫りまたはワイヤ放電加工機に於いてもその各電源装置は加工の目的または加工の形態、要求される加工速度や仕上面粗度、寸法精度及びそれらのレベル等より、或いはさらに使用する電極、被加工体さらに加工液の材質組み合わせ等に応じて複数種類の電源回路を備えていて、加工の要求に応じて、切換装置により切換え選択、または組合わせて使用されるようになって来ている（例えば、特許文献１−２参照。）。   Electric discharge machining power supply for supplying electrical energy for machining between the machining electrode and the workpiece is highly advanced, and a tool electrode complementary to the machining shape is used opposite to the workpiece as the tool electrode. In the EDM machine and the wire EDM machine that uses a linear electrode as the tool electrode and is used for processing in a sawtooth shape, the power supply circuit is not significantly different in length. Even in a wire electric discharge machine, each power supply device has its purpose of machining or form of machining, required machining speed, finished surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and their level, etc., or further used electrodes and workpieces. Furthermore, it is equipped with a plurality of types of power supply circuits according to the processing liquid material combination, etc., and according to processing requirements, it has been used for switching selection or combination by a switching device (for example, See Patent Document 1-2.).

前述のような電源装置の一例を、図４乃至図８に示したワイヤ放電加工機用電源装置の場合につき説明する。１は一対の間隔を置いて配置した位置決めガイド２Ａ、２Ｂ間を所定の張力を付与した状態で軸方向に更新送り移動させられるワイヤ電極、３は図示しないＸＹクロステーブルに載置したワークスタンド４に取り付けられ、ワイヤ電極軸方向と略直角方向から微小放電間隙を介して相対向せしめられる被加工体で、図示しない加工液供給手段による加工液供給介在の下に両者間に印加される間歇的な電圧パルス等の加工電圧により放電を生ぜしめて加工が行われるものである。   An example of the power supply apparatus as described above will be described in the case of the power supply apparatus for a wire electric discharge machine shown in FIGS. Reference numeral 1 denotes a wire electrode that can be updated and moved in the axial direction between a pair of positioning guides 2A and 2B with a predetermined tension applied. Reference numeral 3 denotes a work stand 4 placed on an XY cross table (not shown). Is a workpiece to be opposed to each other through a minute discharge gap from a direction substantially perpendicular to the wire electrode axis direction, and is intermittently applied between the two under the processing liquid supply means by a processing liquid supply means (not shown). The machining is performed by generating an electric discharge by a machining voltage such as a simple voltage pulse.

そして、前記被加工体を前工程で最初に加工するための加工電圧、即ち、間歇的な電圧パルスは、図示した例のワイヤ放電加工用電源回路５から、給電接続線１１Ａ、１１Ｂとしての同軸又はシールド線を介し、或いは更に、放電間隙近傍の引き回しリード線には、好ましくは縒線を利用するが如くにしてワイヤ電極１と被加工体３間に供給印加される。前記電源回路５は、直流電圧源６Ａと電流容量に応じ複数個が並列に接続されるＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴトランジスタ等の電子スイッチ素子６Ｂと電流制限抵抗６Ｃおよび逆電圧防止整流器６Ｄとの直列回路からなる、従来最も通常の間歇的な電圧パルスの生成供給回路６が、放電間隙に並列となるように給電接続線１１Ａ、１１Ｂに接続され、前記間歇的な電圧パルスはパルス制御装置７によるスイッチ素子６Ｂの制御により所望に生成される。   Then, a machining voltage for processing the workpiece first in the previous process, that is, an intermittent voltage pulse is supplied from the power supply circuit 5 for wire electric discharge machining in the illustrated example to the coaxial as the power supply connection lines 11A and 11B. Alternatively, it is supplied and applied between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 through a shielded wire or, further, to the lead wire in the vicinity of the discharge gap, preferably using a winding wire. The power supply circuit 5 comprises a series circuit of a DC voltage source 6A, a plurality of electronic switch elements 6B such as MOS-FET transistors connected in parallel according to the current capacity, a current limiting resistor 6C and a reverse voltage preventing rectifier 6D. The most conventional intermittent voltage pulse generation and supply circuit 6 is connected to the power supply connection lines 11A and 11B so as to be parallel to the discharge gap, and the intermittent voltage pulse is switched to the switching element 6B by the pulse controller 7. It is generated as desired by the control.

即ち、制御装置７の前記スイッチ素子６Ｂの制御装置部分としては、スイッチ素子６Ｂを放電間隙の放電状態検出情報による変更制御をする場合を除き、予め選択設定した一定のオン時間信号τＯＮとオフ時間信号τＯＦＦとを規則的に交互に繰り返して電圧パルスを制御供給する場合と、スイッチ素子６Ｂのオン時間信号を放電間隙に電圧パルスの印加開始時より放電間隙で放電が開始するまで該放電開始遅延時間の関数として増大する、即ち各放電パルスの放電持続時間を設定の一定値とするよう電圧パルス印加開始後放電間隙での放電開始時より前記オン時間信号の計測を開始し、計測完了によりスイッチ素子６Ｂオフとしてオフ時間に移行させる制御をするもの等があり、以下の説明では、主として前記後者の場合について説明を加えるが、電源回路は何等これに限定されるものではない。 That is, as the control device portion of the switch element 6B of the control device 7, a constant ON time signal τ ON and OFF which are set in advance are selected except when the switch element 6B is changed and controlled by the discharge gap detection information. In the case where the voltage pulse is controlled and supplied by repeating the time signal τ OFF alternately and regularly, the on-time signal of the switch element 6B is supplied to the discharge gap until the discharge starts in the discharge gap. Starts measurement of the on-time signal from the start of discharge in the discharge gap after the start of voltage pulse application to increase as a function of the start delay time, that is, to set the discharge duration of each discharge pulse to a set constant value, and the measurement is completed Therefore, the switch element 6B is turned off to control the shift to the off time. In the following description, the latter case is mainly described. That is, the power supply circuit is not be construed as being limited thereto.

前記電源回路５には、前記スイッチ素子６Ｂのオン・オフによる加工電圧パルス供給回路６に加えて、該回路６による放電パルスの放電電流振幅１ｐを増大し、延ては加工平均電流を増大させて、加工速度を一段と増加させるためのパルス電流増幅回路または電流パルス供給回路８が、可変直流電圧源８Ａとスイッチ素子８Ｂと逆電圧防止整流器８Ｃとから成る直列回路として回路６と並列に設けられており、該電流パルス供給回路８は制御装置７によるスイッチ素子８Ｂのオン時に急峻な立ち上がりの高電流を出力するように、所謂電流制限抵抗がその直列回路中にない無抵抗回路、乃至はスイッチ素子８Ｂの破損防止のために制御装置７に設けられているスイッチ素子８Ｂの電流制御器７Ａの作動のための微小な検出抵抗の他には電流制限抵抗が挿入されていない回路８である。   In the power supply circuit 5, in addition to the machining voltage pulse supply circuit 6 by turning on and off the switch element 6B, the discharge current amplitude 1p of the discharge pulse by the circuit 6 is increased, thereby increasing the machining average current. Thus, a pulse current amplifier circuit or current pulse supply circuit 8 for further increasing the processing speed is provided in parallel with the circuit 6 as a series circuit composed of a variable DC voltage source 8A, a switch element 8B, and a reverse voltage prevention rectifier 8C. The current pulse supply circuit 8 is a non-resistance circuit or a switch having no so-called current limiting resistor in its series circuit so as to output a steep rising high current when the control device 7 turns on the switch element 8B. In addition to a minute detection resistor for the operation of the current controller 7A of the switch element 8B provided in the control device 7 to prevent the element 8B from being damaged, a current control is provided. Resistance is a circuit 8 is not inserted.

前記スイッチ素子６Ｂのオン時間信号又は前記放電開始よりのオン時間信号は、ワイヤ放電加工に於いては、大きくても数１０μｓ以内、通常数μＳ以内であるから、スイッチ素子８Ｂを回路６による印加電圧パルスにより間隙での放電開始を検出して作動するオン時間信号の間オンさせるようにしても、スイッチ素子８Ｂ又は、少なくとも回路８の飽和領域動作への移行時間等の関係から破損を免れ得る場合があるが、上記スイッチ素子８Ｂの動作領域を不飽和領域と又は、少なくとも回路８の電流がスイッチ素子８Ｂの飽和電流値よりも充分小さい（通常数分の一）範囲を動作領域とするように条件設定をすれば、該スイッチ素子８Ｂ乃至は回路８の電流オフ切れ特性が鋭く、急峻となるから好ましいものである。   Since the on-time signal of the switch element 6B or the on-time signal from the start of discharge is within several tens of μs at most and usually within several μs in wire electric discharge machining, the switch element 8B is applied by the circuit 6. Even if it is turned on during an on-time signal that is activated by detecting the start of discharge in the gap by a voltage pulse, damage can be avoided from the switch element 8B or at least the transition time to the saturation region operation of the circuit 8 or the like. In some cases, the operating region of the switch element 8B is an unsaturated region, or at least the range in which the current of the circuit 8 is sufficiently smaller (usually a fraction) than the saturation current value of the switch element 8B is the operating region. If the condition is set, the switch element 8B or the circuit 8 is preferably sharp because the current-off characteristic is sharp and steep.

図示の電源装置の例では、前記電源回路５中に、可変直流電圧源９Ａとスイッチ素子９Ｂと電流制限抵抗９Ｃおよび逆電圧防止整流器９Ｄとの直列回路から成るもう１つの、即ち、第２の電圧パルス供給回路９が設けられており、該第２の電圧パルス供給回路９は、開閉スイッチ９Ｅにより所望に応じて使用されるものであるが、例えば、直流電圧源９Ａは、通常出力電圧が一定の直流電圧源６Ａ（約８０〜１２０Ｖ）に対し、可変で電圧値は同等以上（約８０〜２８０Ｖ）であり、電流制限抵抗９Ｃは、抵抗６Ｃに対し大きな設定で、回路９の電流容量を小さなものとし、スイッチ素子９Ｂをパルス制御装置７により、例えば、スイッチ素子６Ｂとオン・オフ同期印加などの制御をする等して、間隙の平均加工電圧を高めることにより放電開始を促進させるとともに、間隙電圧検出によるサーボ制御で放電間隙を広く維持させるなどの作用をする副電源であって、放電加工の実施に必須のものではない。   In the example of the power supply device shown in the figure, the power supply circuit 5 includes another series circuit of a variable DC voltage source 9A, a switch element 9B, a current limiting resistor 9C, and a reverse voltage prevention rectifier 9D, that is, a second circuit. A voltage pulse supply circuit 9 is provided, and the second voltage pulse supply circuit 9 is used as desired by the open / close switch 9E. For example, the DC voltage source 9A has a normal output voltage. The constant voltage source 6A (approximately 80 to 120V) is variable and has a voltage value equal to or greater than (approximately 80 to 280V), and the current limiting resistor 9C has a large setting with respect to the resistor 6C. The switch element 9B is controlled by the pulse control device 7, for example, by controlling on / off synchronous application with the switch element 6B, etc., thereby increasing the average machining voltage of the gap. Together to promote start, a secondary power supply for the operation of such sustaining the discharge gap wide servo control by the gap voltage detection, not essential to the practice of the electric discharge machining.

前述の電流パルス供給回路８は、電圧パルス供給回路６及び通常回路９と共に電源回路５として、被加工体３を最初に加工するファーストカット加工工程と、該ファーストカット加工工程後の加工の寸法、形状精度出し加工を行なうセカンドカット加工工程、すなわち、加工電圧として間歇的な電圧パルスを用いる加工工程に用いられるもので、ゲート入力は切換えスイッチ８Ｅにより制御装置７に接続されていて、例えば前述のような回路６との関連制御が行われるものであるが、前記セカンドカット加工工程の加工の終了後、仕上げ加工工程である高周波交流電圧を用いる加工面粗度出し加工の１乃至２の仕上加工工程（例えば、サードカット加工工程、或いは更にフォースカット加工工程）に移行するに際し、電圧パルス供給回路６及び９を必要に応じ開閉スイッチ６Ｅ及び９Ｅで切り離すと共に、前記切換えスイッチ８Ｅを間歇パルスのゲート信号回路８Ｄ側に切換えて、電流パルス供給回路８を高周波パルス（電流）発生回路１０として機能せしめるものである。   The above-described current pulse supply circuit 8 is a power supply circuit 5 together with the voltage pulse supply circuit 6 and the normal circuit 9, and the first cut processing step for processing the workpiece 3 first, the dimensions of the processing after the first cut processing step, It is used in a second cut processing step for performing shape accuracy processing, that is, a processing step using intermittent voltage pulses as the processing voltage, and the gate input is connected to the control device 7 by a changeover switch 8E. The control related to the circuit 6 is performed, but after finishing the second cut machining process, finishing processing of 1 to 2 of machining surface roughness using a high-frequency AC voltage as a finishing machining process is performed. When moving to a process (for example, a third cut process or a further force cut process), the voltage pulse supply circuit 6 and 9 is disconnected by the open / close switches 6E and 9E as necessary, and the changeover switch 8E is switched to the gate signal circuit 8D side of the intermittent pulse to make the current pulse supply circuit 8 function as a high frequency pulse (current) generation circuit 10. is there.

なお、スイッチ素子８Ｂが切換えスイッチ８Ｅによりゲート信号回路８Ｄに接続されているときは、制御装置７による各スイッチ素子６Ｂ、８Ｂ及び９Ｂのオン・オフ制御信号は出力されないように構成されている。   When the switch element 8B is connected to the gate signal circuit 8D by the changeover switch 8E, the control device 7 is configured not to output the on / off control signals of the switch elements 6B, 8B and 9B.

そして、その際、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０と放電間隙間に設けられた高周波結合トランス１３と、前記寸法・形状精度出しのセカンドカット加工工程から加工面粗度等の仕上げの加工工程に移行する際の回路切換え開閉スイッチ１４とから成る函体状のボックスに収納された回路装置１２は、以下の如き構成、及び切換え使用されるものである。   At this time, the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 provided between the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 and the discharge gap and the second cut processing step for obtaining the dimensional and shape accuracy are shifted to a finishing processing step such as surface roughness. The circuit device 12 housed in a box-shaped box composed of the circuit switching opening / closing switch 14 is used for the following configuration and switching.

即ち、高周波結合トランス１３は、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０が出力する間歇的な高周波パルス電流１個１個を１サイクルの高周波交流電圧に変換するもので、高周波用フェライト等から成る高透磁率のリングコア１３Ａに１次巻線１３Ｂと２次巻線１３Ｃとが、巻線比が１：１〜３、好ましくは１：１〜２、捲回数が１次巻線１〜５ターン、好ましくは１〜２ターン、２次巻線１〜１２ターン、好ましくは１〜４ターンの如く、高周波数応答可能に何れも少ない巻数で、かつどちらかと言えば電圧が高くて電流が小さい仕上げ加工用の高周波交流電圧を得る目的から、１次巻線よりも２次巻線の捲回数が同一以上となるように捲回してあるものである。   That is, the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 converts each intermittent high-frequency pulse current output from the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 into one cycle of high-frequency AC voltage, and has a high magnetic permeability made of high-frequency ferrite or the like. The primary winding 13B and the secondary winding 13C are provided on the ring core 13A, the winding ratio is 1: 1 to 3, preferably 1: 1 to 2, and the number of turns is 1 to 5 turns, preferably 1 ~ 2 turns, secondary winding 1 ~ 12 turns, preferably 1 ~ 4 turns, high-frequency response for finishing with a small number of turns to enable high frequency response, and if anything, high voltage and low current For the purpose of obtaining an AC voltage, the secondary winding is wound so that the number of windings is equal to or greater than that of the primary winding.

次に、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力と、前記ワイヤ電極１・被加工体３から成る放電間隙間の給電接続線１１Ａ、１１Ｂと前記回路装置１２の接続と切換え構成に付き説明すると、１次巻線１３Ｂを高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力と接離する開閉スイッチと２次巻線１３Ｃを放電間隙と接離する開閉スイッチとは、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力両端と放電間隙のワイヤ電極１と被加工体３夫々の間に接続される給電接続線１１Ａ、１１Ｂの回路部分に設けられる給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂよりも高周波パルス発生回路１０側でその出力線の両方に接続する間の一方又は両方の接続回路に挿設した１次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｃと、及び２次巻線の出力両端を前記給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂよりも放電間隙側でワイヤ電極１と被加工体３の両方に接続する間の一方又は両方の接続回路に挿設した２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｄとからなる。   Next, the output of the high frequency pulse generation circuit 10 and the connection and switching configuration of the circuit device 12 between the power supply connection lines 11A and 11B between the discharge gap formed by the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 will be described. An open / close switch that connects / disconnects the secondary winding 13B to / from the output of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 and an open / close switch that connects / disconnects the secondary winding 13C to / from the discharge gap are the wires at both ends of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 and the discharge gap. Connected to both of the output lines on the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 side of the power supply circuit open / close switches 14A and 14B provided in the circuit portions of the power supply connection lines 11A and 11B connected between the electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 respectively. The primary winding on / off switch 14C inserted in one or both of the connection circuits, and the output ends of the secondary winding are more discharged than the feeding circuit on / off switches 14A and 14B. Comprising a secondary winding off switch 14D was inserted into one or both of the connection circuit between connecting the wire electrode 1 in both of the workpiece 3 at the side.

そして、前記２つの給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂと、１次巻線及び２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｃ、１４Ｄとは、前者の開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂがオンの時、後者の開閉スイッチ１４Ｃ、１４Ｄがオフとなるように互に逆に開閉せしめられることによりその目的を達成するものであり、前記給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂがオフで、１次及び２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｃ、１４Ｄがオンのとき、目的とする後の加工工程で使用する高周波交流電圧による仕上げ加工用電源回路が構成されることになる。なお、図示では１次巻線及び２次巻線の各開閉スイッチとして、夫々各１個が設けられた場合で、かつ設けられる切換えスイッチの数を最も少ない数として構成した場合であるが、スイッチの数により種々の切換え回路構成と為し得ることは当然である。   The two feeding circuit opening / closing switches 14A and 14B and the primary winding and the secondary winding opening / closing switches 14C and 14D include the latter opening / closing switches 14C and 14D when the former opening / closing switches 14A and 14B are on. In order to achieve this purpose, the power supply circuit on / off switches 14A and 14B are off and the primary and secondary winding on / off switches 14C and 14D are on. In this case, a power supply circuit for finishing processing using a high-frequency AC voltage used in a later processing step is configured. In addition, in the drawing, each of the primary winding and the secondary winding is provided as one open / close switch, and the number of changeover switches provided is the smallest. As a matter of course, various switching circuit configurations can be realized depending on the number of switches.

図５は、図４の加工電源回路を後の加工工程の仕上げ加工用電源回路として、即ち、開閉スイッチ６Ｅおよび９Ｅを必要に応じてオフ、切換えスイッチ８Ｅによりゲート信号回路８Ｄわおオンにして高周波パルス発生回路１０を機能させ、給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂをオフ、トランス１次及び２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｃ、１４Ｄを夫々オンとして作動させた場合のタイミングチャートを２サイクル分、ほぼ理想的な波形として示したもので、ａは前記間歇パルスのゲート信号回路８Ｄから出力してスイッチ素子８Ｂをオン・オフさせる高周波のゲート信号、ｂは前記ゲート信号に基づき高周波パルス発生回路１０が出力し、トランス１３の１次巻線１３Ｂに供給する電流パルス、ｃは前記パルス電流に基づき２次巻線１３Ｃに誘起され放電間隙に印加される高周波交流電圧と該高周波交流電圧印加に基づき放電間隙で放電が発生した場合の放電間隙電圧波形、ｄは同放電間隙の放電電流の例である。   FIG. 5 shows that the machining power supply circuit of FIG. 4 is used as a finishing power supply circuit for a later machining process, that is, the opening / closing switches 6E and 9E are turned off as necessary, and the gate signal circuit 8D is turned on by the changeover switch 8E. The timing chart when the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 is operated, the power supply circuit open / close switches 14A and 14B are turned off, and the transformer primary and secondary winding open / close switches 14C and 14D are turned on, respectively, is almost ideal for two cycles. A is a high-frequency gate signal output from the intermittent pulse gate signal circuit 8D to turn on / off the switch element 8B, and b is output from the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 based on the gate signal. The current pulse c to be supplied to the primary winding 13B of the transformer 13 and c is induced to the secondary winding 13C based on the pulse current. By discharge gap voltage waveform when discharge occurs in the discharge gap based on the high-frequency AC voltage and said high-frequency AC voltage applying applied to the discharge gap, d is an example of the discharge current of the discharge gap.

前記ゲート信号回路８Ｄから出力する間歇的なパルスのゲート信号は、或る程度以上高度な仕上げ加工に於いては、図示ではＴＯＮ＝１００ｎｓ、ＴＯＦＦ＝１．０μｓで、大凡約ＴＯＮ＝５０ｎｓ〜１０００ｎｓ程度のμｓオーダ以下で、ＴＯＦＦ＝５００ｎｓ〜１０μｓ又は数１０μｓ程度であり、ｃの交流電圧が相互に繋がるのを限度として、好ましくはＴＯＦＦ≧０となるよう条件設定をするものである。又、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力電流パルス波形ｂは、スイッチ素子８Ｂが、又はすくなくとも回路８の電流がスイッチ８Ｂの飽和電流値よりも充分小さい立上がり電流の飽和領域作動状態となる前にゲート信号ａがオフとなり、スイッチ素子８Ｂ、又は回路８の電流切れが高速で行われたものとして示されている。 The intermittent pulse gate signal output from the gate signal circuit 8D is shown as T ON = 100 ns and T OFF = 1.0 μs in the drawing in the case of advanced finishing more than a certain level, and approximately T ON = The condition is set so that T OFF ≧ 0 preferably within the range of 50 ns to 1000 ns or less, T OFF = 500 ns to 10 μs or several tens of μs, and the AC voltage of c is connected to each other. It is. The output current pulse waveform b of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 is not changed before the switch element 8B enters the saturation region operating state of the rising current in which the current of the circuit 8 is at least sufficiently smaller than the saturation current value of the switch 8B. The signal a is turned off, and the switching element 8B or the circuit 8 is shown as having been cut off at high speed.

又、前記ｃ図の２次巻線１３Ｃの高周波交流電圧は、近時のテストに依れば、外径約５５ｍｍφ、内径約３０ｍｍφの、高透磁率Ｍｎ−Ｚｎフェライトや、Ｎｉ−Ｚｎフェライト等のフェライトトロイダルコア（例えば、ＴＤＫ製ＰＣ５０Ｔ４０×１６×２４）を２重積したコア１３Ａに、断面約３．５ｍｍ２のテフロン系樹脂被覆導線を１次巻線１３Ｂ：１ターン、２次巻線１３Ｃ：２ターンとしたとき、直流電圧源８Ａの出力約６０Ｖで正負に夫々約１５０〜１７０Ｖ、電圧源８Ａの出力約２５Ｖで正負に夫々６０から６５Ｖで、後の加工工程である加工面粗度改善の仕上げ加工（サードカット、及びフォースカット）に適用可能な、好適に高電圧の高周波交流電圧が得られ、放電電流波形ｄに示す如く、交流電圧１サイクルの初めの半波で放電が発生すると、次の逆極性の半波に於いては続いて放電が起こることになるが、平均加工電流が１Ａ前後程度より小さい値で仕上げ加工を進行させることができる。 Further, the high-frequency AC voltage of the secondary winding 13C of FIG. C is, according to recent tests, high permeability Mn—Zn ferrite, Ni—Zn ferrite, etc. having an outer diameter of about 55 mmφ and an inner diameter of about 30 mmφ. A core 13A in which two ferrite toroidal cores (for example, PC50T40 × 16 × 24 made by TDK) are stacked, a Teflon-based resin-coated conductor having a cross section of about 3.5 mm 2 is a primary winding 13B: one turn, a secondary winding 13C: When the turn is 2 turns, the DC voltage source 8A has an output of about 60V and is about 150 to 170V positive and negative, respectively, and the voltage source 8A has an output of about 25V and positive and negative respectively 60 to 65V. A high-frequency high-frequency AC voltage suitable for finishing processing (third cut and force cut) can be obtained, and as shown in the discharge current waveform d, the first half wave of one cycle of AC voltage When the discharge occurs, it will be followed by the discharge occurs at the half-wave of the next opposite polarity, it is possible to average machining current to advance the finished at 1A before and after about a smaller value.

例えば、前記正負約１５０〜１７０Ｖ、約１ＭＨｚの高周波交流電圧で、前の加工工程のセカンドカット加工迄で約１０〜１３μｍＲｍａｘに仕上げた加工面を、後の加工工程のサードカットで加工することにより、約３．５μｍＲｍａｘ程度に仕上げることができ、更に前記正負約６０Ｖの高周波交流電圧でフォースカット加工することにより約１．５μｍＲｍａｘ程度に仕上がるものである。   For example, by processing the processed surface finished to about 10 to 13 μm Rmax by the second cutting of the previous processing step by the high frequency AC voltage of about 150 to 170 V and about 1 MHz, with the third cut of the subsequent processing step. , About 3.5 μm Rmax can be finished, and further, it is finished to about 1.5 μm Rmax by force-cutting with the high-frequency AC voltage of about 60 V.

そして、高周波交流電圧ｃ間の休止時間ＡＴＯＦＦがより小さい、更には連続に近い設定の場合には、放電間隙の平均電圧が所定レベル以下の電圧検出となったときとか、所定の設定した周期（１００μｓ〜１０ｍｓ毎に）、例えば１０〜１００μｓ程度の間、スイッチ素子８Ｂのオン・オフを停止させる必要があるのは安全上当然である。 In the case where the pause time AT OFF between the high-frequency AC voltages c is smaller, or is set to be continuous, when the average voltage of the discharge gap is detected at a voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined level, or a predetermined set cycle It is natural for safety that it is necessary to stop the on / off of the switch element 8B for every 10 to 100 μs (every 100 μs to 10 ms), for example.

図６、図７、及び図８は、前記回路装置１２の外形概略図、内部配置図、及び開閉スイッチ１４の構成例の説明図で、図６に於いてワークスタンド４は、ワイヤ電極１の軸（Ｚ軸）と直交する図示しないＸＹテーブル上の加工液受けパン又は加工槽内に位置し、回路装置１２は、ワークスタンド４に隣接して設けられている。   6, 7, and 8 are schematic external views of the circuit device 12, an internal layout diagram, and an explanatory diagram of a configuration example of the open / close switch 14. In FIG. 6, the work stand 4 is the wire electrode 1. The circuit device 12 is provided adjacent to the work stand 4 and is located in a processing liquid receiving pan or processing tank on an XY table (not shown) orthogonal to the axis (Z axis).

前記回路装置１２は、直方体状の函体状体から成り、図にその内部の構成配置の概略を示すように、中央に前記高周波結合トランス１３を収納するトランス室１２Ａ部分と、その相対する両端に給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂのスイッチボックス１２Ｂ、１２Ｅと１次巻線及び２次巻線用の各開閉スイッチ１４Ｃ、１４Ｄのスイッチボックス１２Ｃ、１２Ｄとが設けられ、両端面には、前記高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力が接続される接続端子１５Ａ、１５Ｂと、トランス２次巻線１３Ｃの出力をワイヤ電極１と被加工体３間の放電間隙に接続する接続端子１５Ｃ、１５Ｄ、１５Ｅとが設けられる。   The circuit device 12 is formed of a rectangular parallelepiped box-like body. As shown schematically in the drawing, the circuit device 12 has a transformer chamber 12A portion that houses the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 in the center, and opposite ends of the transformer chamber 12A. Are provided with switch boxes 12B and 12E for power supply circuit open / close switches 14A and 14B, and switch boxes 12C and 12D for open / close switches 14C and 14D for primary winding and secondary winding, respectively. Connection terminals 15A, 15B to which the output of the pulse generation circuit 10 is connected, and connection terminals 15C, 15D, 15E for connecting the output of the transformer secondary winding 13C to the discharge gap between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 3 are provided. Provided.

前記端子１５Ａ、１５Ｂには、前記電源回路５中の高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力がインダクタンス分を低減させた同軸又はシールド線１６を介して接続されており、又端子１５Ｃは位置決めガイド２Ａ、２Ｂを収納する上側及び下側のガイドブロック１８Ａ、１８Ｂ又は何れか一方の近い方の（図示の場合下側）ガイドブロック１８Ｂが収納する図示しないワイヤ電極１への給電子間を相互移動に必要な最短の長さ、好ましくは縒線１６Ａで接続され、又、端子１５Ｄ、１５Ｅとワークスタンド４間は、端子１５Ｄと１５Ｅを短絡し、出力線を１本として、又は図示のように２本の出力線１６Ｂで、好ましくは最短の縒線を用いて接続される。   The output of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit 10 in the power supply circuit 5 is connected to the terminals 15A and 15B via a coaxial or shielded wire 16 with reduced inductance, and the terminal 15C is a positioning guide 2A and 2B. The upper and lower guide blocks 18A and 18B that store the wire or the closer one of them (the lower side in the drawing) guide block 18B is required for mutual movement between the power supply to the wire electrode 1 (not shown) The shortest length, preferably connected by a wire 16A, and between the terminals 15D and 15E and the work stand 4, the terminals 15D and 15E are short-circuited and one output line is used, or two as shown in the figure. The output line 16B is preferably connected using the shortest wire.

而して、前記回路装置１２に於いて、高周波パルス発生回路１０の出力から高周波結合トランス１３の１次巻線１２Ｂに、図５のｂに示した急峻な鋭い立ち上がりと立ち下り特性を有する高周波パルス電流を供給することは比較的容易であるものの、その際２次捲線１３Ｃに誘起する急峻な高電圧の高周波交流電圧ｃを、好ましくはそのまま放電間隙に供給印加することは難しいものである。かかる問題を解決するために、回路装置１２を１つの函体状体に構成して、回路装置１２を放電間隙により近い位置に配置するもので、その手法としては、回路装置１２を加工槽内のワークスタンド４に隣接し、又は加工槽の側壁とかコラムの加工槽側の面、或いはガイドブロック１８Ａ、１８Ｂ等を保持する加工ヘッド等の加工に際して邪魔にならない加工部により近い位置に配置して、縒線等を用いる接続線１６Ａ、１６Ｂはより短くするものである。   Thus, in the circuit device 12, the high frequency having the sharp and sharp rising and falling characteristics shown in FIG. 5 b from the output of the high frequency pulse generation circuit 10 to the primary winding 12 B of the high frequency coupling transformer 13. Although it is relatively easy to supply the pulse current, it is difficult to supply and apply the steep high-voltage high-frequency AC voltage c induced in the secondary winding 13C to the discharge gap as it is. In order to solve such a problem, the circuit device 12 is configured in one box-like body, and the circuit device 12 is disposed at a position closer to the discharge gap. The work stand 4 is disposed adjacent to the work stand 4 or closer to the processing part that does not interfere with the processing of the side of the processing tank, the surface of the column on the processing tank side, or the processing head for holding the guide blocks 18A, 18B, etc. The connection lines 16A and 16B using a shoreline or the like are made shorter.

この接続線１６Ａ、１６Ｂ内の前者の接続線１６Ａは、加工のための相互移動に或る長さを必要とするが、後者の接続線１６Ｂは、端子１５Ｄおよび１５Ｅが設けられているスイッチボックス１２Ｃの端面（図の場合端子１５Ｄ、１５Ｅが設けられている面、又はワークスタンド４の前面と対向する面）の一部又は全体を前記端子１５Ｄ、１５Ｅを内設した端子金属板として、該端子金属板をワークスタンド４の例えば前面縁にねじ止め接合するか、場合によっては溶接して取付るようにして、電気的及び機械的接続を計るようにしても良い。   The former connection line 16A in the connection lines 16A and 16B requires a certain length for mutual movement for processing, but the latter connection line 16B is a switch box provided with terminals 15D and 15E. A part or the whole of the end face of 12C (the face on which the terminals 15D and 15E are provided or the face facing the front face of the work stand 4) is used as a terminal metal plate in which the terminals 15D and 15E are provided, The terminal metal plate may be screwed to, for example, the front edge of the work stand 4 or may be attached by welding to measure the electrical and mechanical connection.

図８は、開閉スイッチ１４の構成の説明に一例として、２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｄ部分の断面を示したもので、その構成としては、全体構成としては突き合わせ接触型の開閉スイッチであって、シリンダ状スイッチボックス１２Ｄ内に、外部の接続端子１５Ｄにつながるピストン状の固定接触子１４ＤＳと、これに対向し対向する方向に進退して接離するピストン状の可動接触子１４ＤＭとを有し、該可動接触子１４ＤＭの進退移動は、ボックス１２Ｄの壁を貫く圧力流体給排孔２０Ａ、２０Ｂに接続される図示しない流体圧力源（通圧縮空気源）の切換え制御によって行われる。上記各接触子１４ＤＳ、１４ＤＭは、その突き合わせ接触面２１が高周波電力の通電が良好に保たれるように接点材の通電板２１を介設させる等調整されており、又、加工液の侵入防止と流体圧作動のためＯリング等のシール１９Ａ、１９Ｂ、１９Ｃを備えている。前記可動接触子１４ＤＭの進退移動の駆動には、上述流体圧力源の他に、電磁力とかスプリングとかモータとリンク、ラック、又はクランク等を組み合わせたもの等各種のものを使用し得る。   FIG. 8 shows a cross section of the secondary winding on / off switch 14D as an example in the description of the configuration of the on / off switch 14. The configuration is a butt contact type on / off switch as an overall configuration, In the cylindrical switch box 12D, there is a piston-like fixed contact 14DS connected to the external connection terminal 15D, and a piston-like movable contact 14DM that advances and retreats in a direction facing and opposes to this, and a piston-like movable contact 14DM. The forward / backward movement of the movable contact 14DM is performed by switching control of a fluid pressure source (not shown) connected to the pressure fluid supply / discharge holes 20A and 20B penetrating the wall of the box 12D. Each of the contacts 14DS and 14DM is adjusted such that a contact material energizing plate 21 is interposed between the butted contact surfaces 21 so that the energization of the high-frequency power is satisfactorily maintained. For fluid pressure operation, seals 19A, 19B, 19C such as O-rings are provided. In order to drive the movable contact 14DM to move forward and backward, in addition to the fluid pressure source described above, various types such as a combination of an electromagnetic force, a spring, a motor, a link, a rack, or a crank can be used.

前述の如く、図８の開閉スイッチ１４は、図４の２次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｄであるから、１次巻線開閉スイッチ１４Ｃとして実質同一の構成のものが設けられ、さらに、給電回路開閉スイッチ１４Ａ及び１４Ｂとしても、ほぼ実質同一のものが設けられて計４個が必要となるものである。   As described above, the open / close switch 14 of FIG. 8 is the secondary winding open / close switch 14D of FIG. 4, and therefore, a primary winding open / close switch 14C having substantially the same configuration is provided. 14A and 14B are substantially the same, and a total of four are required.

そして、之等の各開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１４Ｃ、１４Ｄは、前述したように電源回路５の出力端から給電接続線１１Ａ、１１Ｂを介する放電間隙までの間、何れの部分においても接続線を出来るだけ短く、かつインダクタンス分が増大しないように配慮して組み込み配線され、前述回路装置１２に一体、かつ、コンパクトに構成されて、加工槽廻りの放電間隙直近の位置に、そして、通常トランス室１２Ａ内の高周波結合トランス１３が加工液を流通または循環させて冷却し得るように設けられる。   Each of the open / close switches 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D has a connection line at any portion between the output end of the power supply circuit 5 and the discharge gap via the power supply connection lines 11A and 11B as described above. Built-in wiring that is as short as possible and taking care not to increase the inductance, is integrated with the circuit device 12 and is compact, and is located in the immediate vicinity of the discharge gap around the processing tank. A high-frequency coupling transformer 13 in 12A is provided so that it can be cooled by circulating or circulating the machining fluid.

ところが、上記各開閉スイッチ１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１４Ｃ、１４Ｄは、ピストン状の可動接触子１４ＤＭに一端側が結合された他端側に通電端子を有する軸方向に可動のピストンロッド１４ＤＰが、絶縁材から成るシリンダ状スイッチボックス１２Ｄの穴１２ＤＨをシール材１９Ｃでシールされながら貫通して外部に露出している構成であるから、之が水性系加工液を含む外部の汚染物の飛着、侵入などによって汚染され、ピストンロッド１４ＤＰ、穴１２ＤＨ、シール材１９Ｃ、１９Ｂ、及びピストン状可動接触子１４ＤＭ等に於ける電食、摩耗、そして損傷は避けられず、絶縁不良を生じ、電気的なエネルギの損失が大きくなり、所望の高周波電流や高立上りが急峻で高いピークの電流パルス等が得られなくなるものであった。   However, each of the open / close switches 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D has an axially movable piston rod 14DP having an energizing terminal on the other end side coupled to the piston-like movable contact 14DM and made of an insulating material. Since the hole 12DH of the cylindrical switch box 12D is exposed to the outside while being sealed with the sealing material 19C, it is contaminated by the arrival and intrusion of external contaminants including the aqueous processing liquid. Electropitting, wear, and damage on the piston rod 14DP, the hole 12DH, the seal materials 19C and 19B, and the piston-like movable contact 14DM are inevitable, resulting in poor insulation and loss of electrical energy. As a result, the desired high-frequency current, high rise and steep rise, and high peak current pulses cannot be obtained.

之等の問題を解決するために本発明者等は、既に改良された放電加工用電源回路の切換用スイッチ装置を提案している（例えば、特許文献３参照。）。   In order to solve these problems, the present inventors have proposed an improved switch device for switching an electric discharge machining power circuit (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

即ち、その１つは、ピストン状可動接触子１４ＤＭのみでなく、之に繋がるピストンロッド１４ＤＰを含む可動部の全部の外部露出をシリンダ状スイッチボックス１２Ｄ内に収納及び密封する構成とするもので、図９に示すように放電加工液中に設置される密閉されたシリンダ状の絶縁体から成る収納体２１と、収納体２１内に形成されたシリンダ室２１Ａ内を軸方向に往復移動可能に設けられ、一端側にピストン状のフランジ部２２Ａ、他端側にピストンロッド状のロッド部２２Ｂとから成る可動体２２と、前記収納体２１の可動体２２移動方向の両端に端子２３Ｔ、２４Ｔを外部に露出させて儲けられる固定端子導体２３、２４であって、端部に於いて軸方向に収納体２１を貫通する軸状体外周面と貫通孔内周面間２３Ｂ、２４Ｂが密着、固設した構成となっている。   That is, one of them is configured to house and seal not only the piston-like movable contact 14DM but also the entire external exposure of the movable part including the piston rod 14DP connected to the cylinder-like switch box 12D. As shown in FIG. 9, a storage body 21 made of a sealed cylinder-like insulator installed in the electric discharge machining liquid and a cylinder chamber 21A formed in the storage body 21 are provided so as to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction. The movable body 22 is composed of a piston-like flange portion 22A on one end side and a piston rod-like rod portion 22B on the other end side, and terminals 23T and 24T are externally connected to both ends of the movable body 22 in the moving direction. Fixed terminal conductors 23 and 24 which are exposed to each other, and the end portions of the shaft-like body outer peripheral surface passing through the storage body 21 in the axial direction and the inner peripheral surfaces 23B and 24B are in close contact with each other. And it has a configuration that is fixed.

そして、一方の端子２３とピストン状フランジ部２２Ａの図示状態の加圧接触と開離とが、フランジ部２２Ａをシリンダ室２１Ａ内における軸方向の移動が、前記フランジ部２２Ａの外周に設けたピストンシリンダ２２Ｃによって仕切られたシリンダ室に対する流体圧給排口２１Ｂ、２１Ｃに対する圧縮空気の給排によって行われて前述加圧接触通電と開離通電断とが行われるのに対し、フランジ部２２Ａと共に軸方向に移動するロッド部２２Ｂと端子導体２４間の接離は、前記軸状体外周面２４Ｂを有するように軸方向に長尺状に伸びる胴体部２４Ｃに前記ロッド部２２Ｂを同軸状に嵌挿する穴２４Ａが設けられ、図示の例の場合は、ロッド部２２Ｂの軸方向の移動如何に係らず、ロッド部２２Ｂと端子導体２４、即ち、端子２４Ｔとは常時導通状態に構成されているものである。   The pressure contact and separation of the one terminal 23 and the piston-like flange portion 22A in the illustrated state are such that the axial movement of the flange portion 22A in the cylinder chamber 21A is the piston provided on the outer periphery of the flange portion 22A. While the above-described pressurized contact energization and disconnection energization are performed by supplying and discharging compressed air to and from the fluid pressure supply / discharge ports 21B and 21C with respect to the cylinder chamber partitioned by the cylinder 22C, the shaft together with the flange portion 22A The rod portion 22B moving in the direction and the terminal conductor 24 are connected to and separated from each other by coaxially inserting the rod portion 22B into the body portion 24C extending in the axial direction so as to have the shaft-like outer peripheral surface 24B. In the example shown in the figure, the rod 22B and the terminal conductor 24, that is, the terminal 24T are always connected regardless of the axial movement of the rod 22B. Those that are configured in a conductive state.

なお、前記ロッド部２２Ｂの外周面と端子導体２４の穴２４Ａの内周面間のハッチングを施した部分の部材Ｓ１、及び前記フランジ部２２Ａと端子導体２３との接離面間のハッチングを施して示した部材Ｓ２は、高周波の交流やパルスを波形歪少なくかつ、損失少なく通電させる通電板（例えば、前述特許文献３の図２、及び図３に示したソルトン製接点材、商品名「エレクトロメイト」）を、筒状体または円板状乃至はドーナツ板状として介設させたものである。   Note that the hatched portion between the outer peripheral surface of the rod portion 22B and the inner peripheral surface of the hole 24A of the terminal conductor 24 and the contact surface of the flange portion 22A and the terminal conductor 23 are hatched. The member S2 shown in FIG. 2 is a current-carrying plate (for example, the contact material made by Solton shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of the aforementioned Patent Document 3 and the trade name “Electro” Mate ") is interposed as a cylindrical body or a disk or donut plate.

スイッチボックス１２Ｂ、１２Ｃ、１２Ｄ、１２Ｅ等の構成をかかる図９に示した収納体２１の構成とすると、外周部には、可動部及び可動部との接触部もなく、可動部は完全に内部に密封されているから前述段落［００２８］で指摘の問題点は大方解消され、また前述段落［００２６］で指摘のスイッチボックス１２Ｂ、１２Ｃ、１２Ｄ等の数の点も、例えば、図１０に前述図９のものの改良とし示すように、フランジ部２２Ａと端子導体２４間においてシリンダ状収納体２１を軸方向と直角方向に分断するドーナツ円板状の第３の端子導体２５を介設させて設け、可動体２２のロッド部２２Ｂを前記端子導体２５の穴２５Ｈに非接触で挿通させた状態で、端子導体２４の穴２４Ａに嵌挿させ、フランジ部２２Ａが端子導体２３から開離した時には、ドーナツ状通電板Ｓ３を設けたフランジ部２２Ａの軸方向反対側の面が、前記第３の端子導体２５に加圧接触するように構成することにより、該端子導体２５は外周面に独立して端子２５Ｔが設けられ、前記端子２４Ｔと端子２３Ｔ又は２５Ｔの間が切換えが一操作で可能となって、斯種電源回路切換装置は完成の域に達したものである。
特開平７−２２７７１８ 特開平７−２６６１３８ 特開２０００−７１１２５ 特開平５−１５４７１８ If the configuration of the switch box 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E, etc. is the configuration of the storage body 21 shown in FIG. 9, there is no movable portion and no contact portion with the movable portion on the outer peripheral portion, and the movable portion is completely inside. The problem pointed out in the paragraph [0028] is largely solved, and the number of switch boxes 12B, 12C, 12D, etc. pointed out in the paragraph [0026] are also described in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9 as an improvement, a cylindrical doughnut-shaped third terminal conductor 25 is provided between the flange portion 22A and the terminal conductor 24 so as to divide the cylindrical housing 21 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The rod portion 22B of the movable body 22 is inserted into the hole 24A of the terminal conductor 24 in a state where the rod portion 22B is inserted into the hole 25H of the terminal conductor 25 in a non-contact manner, and the flange portion 22A is separated from the terminal conductor 23. In some cases, the surface on the opposite side in the axial direction of the flange portion 22A provided with the doughnut-shaped energizing plate S3 is configured to be in pressure contact with the third terminal conductor 25 so that the terminal conductor 25 is independent of the outer peripheral surface. Thus, the terminal 25T is provided, and the switching between the terminal 24T and the terminal 23T or 25T can be performed by one operation, and this kind of power supply circuit switching device has been completed.
JP-A-7-227718 JP 7-266138 A JP 2000-71125 A JP-A-5-154718

以上のようにして、放電加工に際して、電源装置に複数設けられている異種の電源回路を切換え、さらには切換えかつ複数組み合わせて使用しようする際の切換装置として好適に機能するものとして使用されて来たが近時、例えば、放電加工機それ自体の性能向上に対する要請の外に、マニシングセンタ等異種工作機械との競合問題の外、寸法・形状・精度等に対する厳しい、かつ多様な要請もあって、搭載する電源回路の種類や数と共に、超高速化に対する要請など、電源容量の大形化なども進んで来ているものである。   As described above, during electrical discharge machining, it has been used as one that suitably functions as a switching device for switching between different types of power supply circuits provided in the power supply device, and further switching and using in combination. However, recently, in addition to the demand for improving the performance of the electrical discharge machine itself, for example, there are strict and diverse demands on dimensions, shape, accuracy, etc., as well as competition issues with dissimilar machine tools such as a machining center. In addition to the types and number of power supply circuits to be mounted, the demand for ultra-high speed has been increasing, and power supply capacity has been increasing.

かかる観点より前述のような電源回路切換装置を検討すると、切換装置におけるＳ１、Ｓ２、及びＳ３などの接点材の通電板は、繰り返しの切換え使用により、接点部分に曲げ応用が繰り返し掛かることから、使用状況にもよるが、比較的短期間に破損してしまうことが生じるようになって来た。   Considering the power supply circuit switching device as described above from this point of view, the energization plates of the contact materials such as S1, S2, and S3 in the switching device are repeatedly applied to the contact portion due to repeated switching use. Although it depends on the use situation, it has come to be damaged in a relatively short time.

また、前述超高速化などと称して、大電流を流す加工に供されることが生じて来ているが、大電流を流すと発熱が大きくなり、絶縁材のシリンダ状収納体が変形して動作不良を起こすと言う問題も生じて来た。   In addition, it has been used to process large currents as mentioned above, such as ultra-high speed. However, when a large current is applied, heat generation increases and the cylindrical housing of the insulating material is deformed. There has also been a problem of causing malfunctions.

そして、調べたところ、前述ピストン状フランジ加圧接触面と之に対する端子導体の通電接離面間のように前記接点材の通電板が介設されている部分では、前記通電板の両側において接点を介する通電が行われていることから、前記フランジの面と端子導体の面とを面精度良く加圧接触させた場合などに比較して接触抵抗が大きくなっており、発熱量の増大につながっていたものである。   And, as a result of investigation, in the portion where the current plate of the contact material is interposed, such as between the pressure contact surface of the piston-shaped flange and the current contact surface of the terminal conductor with respect to the contact point, contact points are provided on both sides of the current plate. Since the current is applied via the contact surface, the contact resistance is larger than when the surface of the flange and the surface of the terminal conductor are pressed and contacted with high surface accuracy, leading to an increase in the amount of heat generated. It was what it was.

そして、将来的には、何れにしても大電流電源の使用は避けられないところから、冷却手段の適用付設は避けられず、前述フランジ部やロッド部等の可動部への適用は、冷却液循環などの形式からして、構造上難しく、固定の端子導体に対して種々試みられているが、４箇所と必要な適用箇所が多く、その適用箇所の導体部分の体積が小さい部分に対してのものであるため、大きな冷却能の付与が難しいと言う問題があり、目的を達し難いものであった。   In the future, the use of a large current power source is unavoidable in any case, so the application of cooling means is unavoidable. In terms of the form of circulation, etc., it is structurally difficult, and various attempts have been made for fixed terminal conductors. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to impart a large cooling capacity, and the purpose is difficult to achieve.

そこで本発明は、前述接点材通電板の使用を廃止すると共に、通電板使用に伴った接触開離部の構造についてもい改良、合理化を計り、これによって耐久性のある切換装置とし、接触抵抗を減少させて発熱を減じ、放電電流のピークを増大させると共に切換装置に対する冷却機構を有効に適用、配設できて、高負荷の適用にも効率良く機能する放電加工用電源回路の切換装置を得ることを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention abolishes the use of the aforementioned contact material energizing plate, and also improves and rationalizes the structure of the contact breaking portion accompanying the use of the energizing plate, thereby providing a durable switching device and reducing contact resistance. Reduced heat generation, increased discharge current peak, and effective application and disposition of the cooling mechanism for the switching device, thus obtaining a switching device for a power circuit for electric discharge machining that functions efficiently even in high load applications For the purpose.

前述の発明の目的は、（１）放電加工の複数ある異なる種類の加工用電源回路を有する電源装置と、電極・被加工体間の加工部間に設けられる放電加工用切換装置において、絶縁材から成るシリンダ状函体の軸方向の中央部に、前記シリンダ状函体を軸と直角方向に分断して結合する端子材の導体から成る結合体を介設させて両側に独立にシリンダ室を形成させ、前記両シリンダ室には端子用導体材から成るピストンが挿設されると共に該両ピストンの外側面にはシリンダの各外側端のシリンダ壁を気密状態で軸方向に貫通して移動する端子用導体材のピストンロッドが設けられており、前記各ピストンと前記両シリンダ室を結合した端子材の導体との各対向面には、軸方向に移動して加圧嵌合と離脱とをする相補の形状のテーパ突起とテーパ穴とが設けられている切換装置を２個並設し、該各切換装置の各ピストンは前記両シリンダ室に対する加圧流体の給排切換えによって、前記結合体を介して一方の側にあるテーパ突起とテーパ穴との加圧嵌合から反対側にあるテーパ突起とテーパ穴との加圧勘合に切り換わるように、軸方向の移動が駆動されるとともに、一方の切換装置におけるピストンと他方の切換装置におけるピストンが同時に駆動し、前記端子材の導体の外周側面とピストンロッドの各外側端には電気リード接続の端子部が設けられて成る放電加工用電気回路の切換装置とすることにより達成される。 The object of the present invention is as follows: (1) a power supply device having a plurality of different types of machining power supply circuits for electric discharge machining, and an electric discharge machining switching device provided between machining portions between an electrode and a workpiece; A cylindrical chamber is formed on both sides independently by inserting a coupling body made of a conductor of a terminal material that divides the cylindrical box body in a direction perpendicular to the axis and is coupled to the central portion of the cylindrical box body. A piston made of a conductor material for terminals is inserted into both the cylinder chambers, and the cylinder walls at the outer ends of the cylinders are moved in the axial direction in the airtight state on the outer surfaces of the pistons. Piston rods for terminal conductors are provided, and on each opposing surface of each piston and the conductor of the terminal member connecting both the cylinder chambers, axial fitting is performed to press fit and release. Complementary taper protrusion and tape The switching device and the hole is provided with 2 Konami設, tapered pistons of the respective switching device in the by supply and discharge switching of pressurized fluid to both cylinder chambers, on one side via the conjugate from a pressurized press fit engagement between the projection and the tapered bore to switch to the pressurized圧勘case of the tapered projection and the tapered hole on the opposite side, is driven axial movement Rutotomoni, piston and other in one switching device The switching device is driven by the piston at the same time , and is achieved by a switching device for an electrical circuit for electric discharge machining in which the outer peripheral side surface of the conductor of the terminal material and each outer end of the piston rod are provided with terminal portions for electrical lead connection. Is done.

また、前述の本発明の目的は、（２）上下に２個並設された各放電加工用電気回路の切換装置は、各端子材の導体から成る結合体が左右方向の中央に位置した状態で、一方の切換装置の前記結合体を介して対向する一対の前記ピストンロッド付ピストンが駆動により左行移動するとき、他方の切換装置の一対のピストンロッド付ピストンは同時に右行移動するように駆動が制御される前記（１）に記載の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置とすることにより達成される。 The above-mentioned object of the present invention is as follows. ( 2 ) In the switching device for each electrical circuit for electric discharge machining arranged in parallel at the top and bottom, the combination composed of the conductors of each terminal material is located at the center in the left-right direction. Thus, when the pair of pistons with piston rods facing each other through the combined body of one switching device moves leftward by driving, the pair of pistons with piston rods of the other switching device simultaneously moves rightward. This is achieved by using the electric discharge machining power supply circuit switching device according to ( 1 ), wherein the drive is controlled.

また、本発明の目的は、（３）複数ある異なる種類の加工用電源回路を有する電源装置から同軸ケーブルまたはシールド線により出力する一方の入力線Ｐ３を、一方の切換装置の一方のピストンロッドのＰ３端子に接続すると共に、他方の入力線Ｐ４を他方の切換装置の端子材の導体のＰ４端子に接続し、加工部極間線の一方のワークテーブル側である出力線Ｐ３を前記一方の切換装置の端子材の導体のＰ３Ｗ端子に接続すると共に、他方のワイヤ電極側である出力線Ｐ４を他方の切換装置の他方のピストンロッドのＰ４Ｇ端子に接続し、そして、さらに、前記電源装置の出力線Ｐ３、Ｐ４より出力する高周波パルス発生回路の出力直流パルスを交流パルスに変換するリングコアの高周波結合トランスの１次巻線の入力を、前記Ｐ３端子と他方の切換装置の一方のピストンロッドの端子とに、また、２次巻線の出力を前記Ｐ４Ｇ端子と一方の切換装置の他方ピストンロッドの端子とに接続して成る前記（２）に記載の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置とすることにより達成される。 Also, the object of the present invention is to: ( 3 ) connect one input line P3 output from a power supply device having a plurality of different types of power supply circuits for processing by a coaxial cable or shield wire to one piston rod of one switching device; While connecting to the P3 terminal, the other input line P4 is connected to the P4 terminal of the conductor of the terminal material of the other switching device, and the output line P3 on the one worktable side of the line between the machining parts is switched to the one The output wire P4 on the other wire electrode side is connected to the P4G terminal of the other piston rod of the other switching device, and connected to the P3W terminal of the conductor of the terminal material of the device. The input of the primary winding of the high-frequency coupling transformer of the ring core that converts the output DC pulse of the high-frequency pulse generating circuit output from the lines P3 and P4 into an AC pulse is connected to the P3 terminal. To the square of one of the piston rod terminal of the switching device, also according to the the output secondary winding formed by connecting to the terminal of the other piston rod of the P4G terminal and one switching device (2) This is achieved by providing a switching device for a power supply circuit for electric discharge machining.

本発明（１）によれば、切換装置の電気回路の開閉接点部が、シリンダ室内の一端の壁である固定の端子材の導体表面とこれに対向して進退するピストンの面とに形成される相補の寸法、形状のテーパ突起とてテーパ穴であって、流体圧駆動により軸方向に移動して加圧嵌合と離脱をするものであるから、繰り返しの開閉によって曲げ応力が掛かる従来例のような通電板等も無いので、耐久性が向上する。   According to the present invention (1), the switching contact portion of the electric circuit of the switching device is formed on the conductor surface of the fixed terminal material that is the wall of one end in the cylinder chamber and the surface of the piston that moves forward and backward. A conventional example in which bending stress is applied by repeated opening and closing because the taper projection is a tapered hole with a complementary size and shape that moves in the axial direction by fluid pressure drive and pressurizes and disengages. Since there is no energizing plate or the like, durability is improved.

また、仮に、ピストンやシリンダの製作精度が幾分低下したとしてもまた、発熱や耐久度の問題から芯ずれが生じたとしても、接触通電が、相補の寸法、形状のテーパ突起とテーパ穴とが流体圧駆動より移動して加圧嵌合と離脱により行われるものであるから、良好な接触通電を確保できる許容度が大きい利点がある。   In addition, even if the manufacturing accuracy of the piston or cylinder is somewhat lowered, or even if misalignment occurs due to heat generation or durability problems, contact energization is performed with a taper protrusion and a taper hole of complementary dimensions and shape. Is moved by fluid pressure driving and is performed by press-fitting and disengagement, so that there is an advantage of a large allowance for ensuring good contact energization.

また、接点間に従来例のような通電板等を使用しないので、直列の回路中の接点が２箇所から直接接触の１箇所になり回路抵抗が減少し、さらにその接触がテーパ面間で行われるので、接点間の接触圧力がピストンに与えられる推力に比べて大きくなり、結果として接触抵抗が減少して発熱も少なくすることができる。さらに、結果として放電加工の電流及びピーク減が避けられ、放電加工性能が向上し、発熱低減と共に電力損も減少する。   In addition, since a current-carrying plate or the like as in the conventional example is not used between the contacts, the number of contacts in the series circuit is changed from one place to one place in direct contact, the circuit resistance is reduced, and the contact is made between the tapered surfaces. Therefore, the contact pressure between the contacts becomes larger than the thrust applied to the piston, and as a result, the contact resistance is reduced and the heat generation can be reduced. Furthermore, as a result, the current and peak reduction of the electric discharge machining can be avoided, the electric discharge machining performance is improved, the heat loss is reduced and the power loss is reduced.

また、本発明（２）および（３）によれば、本発明の放電加工用電気回路の切換装置を用いて構成される放電加工用電源回路の切換装置であって、複数ある異なる種類の電源回路を好適かつ確実に切換え及び切換え組合わせて接続開離させることができ、目的とする電源回路の性能を確実に目的通りに発揮させることができる。 Further, according to the present invention ( 2 ) and ( 3 ), there is provided a switching device for an electric discharge machining power circuit configured by using the electric discharge machining circuit switching device of the present invention, wherein a plurality of different types of power supplies are provided. The circuit can be switched and connected in a suitable and reliable manner, and the connection can be released, and the performance of the target power supply circuit can be reliably exhibited as intended.

図１は、本発明の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置部分の一実施例の縦断側面図に、電気回路配線と、図示しない電源回路の出力端子Ｐ３、Ｐ４から入力する高周波の間歇的な直流電流パルスを高周波の交流パルスに変換して極間線Ｐ３、Ｐ４へ出力する入力１次巻線１３Ｂと出力２次巻線１３Ｃとを有するリングコア１３Ａの高周波結合トランス１３の変換回路とが付加して示してある。そして、図２は、図１と同じ切換装置部分の一実施例外観斜視図、また、図３は縦断側面の斜視図である。   FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of an embodiment of a switching device portion of a power supply circuit for electric discharge machining according to the present invention. Electric circuit wiring and high-frequency intermittent DC input from output terminals P3 and P4 of a power supply circuit (not shown) A conversion circuit for the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 of the ring core 13A having an input primary winding 13B and an output secondary winding 13C for converting a current pulse into a high-frequency AC pulse and outputting it to the interpolar wires P3 and P4 is added. It is shown. 2 is an external perspective view of an embodiment of the same switching device portion as FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a longitudinal side surface.

また、図１の切換装置部分の縦断側面図において、１点破線で囲み、符号３０を付した部分は、前述図９または図１０に示して説明した放電加工用電気回路の切換装置と同等物の本発明実施例の一方（上方）の切換装置を示しているもので、合成樹脂等の絶縁材から成るシリンダ状函体３１が、その軸方向中央部において軸と直角方向に一方の函体３１Ａと他方の函体３１Ｂに分断し、両者を端子材、例えば黄銅のブロック状体物から成る導体の結合体３２によって結合することにより一方及び他方のシリンダ室３１ＡＳ、３１ＢＳを一軸上に直列に形成させている。   Further, in the longitudinal side view of the switching device portion of FIG. 1, the portion surrounded by a one-dot broken line and designated by reference numeral 30 is a book equivalent to the switching device of the electric circuit for electric discharge machining described with reference to FIG. 9 or FIG. 1 shows one (upper) switching device of an embodiment of the invention, in which a cylindrical box 31 made of an insulating material such as a synthetic resin has one box 31A perpendicular to the axis at the center in the axial direction. The other box body 31B is divided into a terminal member, for example, a conductor combination body 32 made of a brass block-like body, so that one and the other cylinder chambers 31AS and 31BS are formed in series on one axis. ing.

前記一方及び他方の両シリンダ室３１ＡＳ、３１ＢＳには端子用導体材、例えばステンレススティールから成る一方及び他方のピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂが挿設されていると共に、該両ピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂの各外側面には、一体にピストンロッド３３ＡＲ、３３ＢＲが形成されており、該各ピストンロッド３３ＡＲ、３３ＢＲはシリンダ状函体３１Ａ、３１Ｂの各外側端の函壁を気密状態で軸方向に貫通して設けられ、圧縮空気等の加圧流体の給排口３４Ａ、３４Ｂからの切換制御により駆動され、所望軸方向にピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂと共に移動する構成となっている。   The one and the other cylinder chambers 31AS, 31BS are inserted with one and the other pistons 33A, 33B made of a conductor material for terminal, for example, stainless steel, on the outer surfaces of the pistons 33A, 33B. The piston rods 33AR and 33BR are integrally formed, and the piston rods 33AR and 33BR are provided in an axially penetrating manner at the outer wall of each of the cylindrical boxes 31A and 31B. It is driven by switching control of the pressurized fluid such as compressed air from the supply / discharge ports 34A and 34B and moves together with the pistons 33A and 33B in the desired axial direction.

前記一方及び他方の各ピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂと、前記一方及び他方のシリンダ状函体３１Ａ、３１Ｂとを結合した結合体３２の対向面には、各ピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂが流体圧駆動により軸方向に移動して加圧嵌合と離脱とをする相補の寸法、形状の先細状の、所謂円錐台状のテーパ突起３２Ａ、３２Ｂと、底の方に行くに従って狭くなるテーパ穴３３ＡＨ、３３ＢＨが、好ましくは前記結合体３２の側にテーパ突起があるように設けられ、テーパ突起３２Ａ、３２Ｂのテーパ面とテーパ穴３３ＡＨ、３３ＢＨのテーパ面との会合面領域が接点の接触面となって、流体駆動による推力で加圧状態で接合するものである。
また、前記円錐台状のテーパ突起３２Ａ、３２Ｂは、より詳しくは、入口から所定の深さまでほぼ一定のテーパ角度で先細となるように形成されるテーパ穴３３ＡＨ、３３ＢＨに対し、短い円柱台の上に前記円錐台があるテーパ突起とすることが、両テーパ面間の良好な滑り接触に好ましい。さらにまた、テーパ突起の頂部に示した凹陥、又は中央若しくは中央部凹陥からの３以上の放射状溝若しくは十字溝はテーパ穴の締め付け作用に対し発条的に縮んで対応し加圧嵌合状態での安定な接触を保とうとするものであるが必須のものではない。 The pistons 33A and 33B are axially driven by fluid pressure driving on the opposing surfaces of a combined body 32 that combines the one and the other pistons 33A and 33B and the one and the other cylindrical box bodies 31A and 31B. Tapered protrusions 32A and 32B having a complementary size and shape that move and press-fit and disengage, and tapered holes 33AH and 33BH that narrow toward the bottom are preferable. Is provided so that there is a taper protrusion on the side of the coupling body 32, and the meeting surface area of the taper surface of the taper protrusions 32A and 32B and the taper surface of the taper holes 33AH and 33BH serves as a contact surface of the contact, thereby driving the fluid. It joins in a pressurized state with the thrust by.
More specifically, the frustoconical taper protrusions 32A and 32B are shorter than the tapered holes 33AH and 33BH formed so as to taper at a substantially constant taper angle from the entrance to a predetermined depth. It is preferable to use a tapered protrusion having the truncated cone on the top for good sliding contact between both tapered surfaces. Furthermore, the recess shown at the top of the taper protrusion, or three or more radial grooves or cross grooves from the center or center recess, corresponding to the taper hole's tightening action, contracted in a staggered manner in the press-fitted state. It is intended to maintain stable contact, but is not essential.

また、前記結合体３２の外周面の所望の部位に、加工部廻りの電源極間線の内、先端端子が、被加工体を設置するワークスタンドに接続される前記一方の極間線Ｐ３の他端入力側端子を取り付けるＰ３Ｗ端子が設けられ、又前記一方及び他方のピストンロッド３３ＡＲ、３３ＢＲの各後端部には、複数ある異なる種類の加工用電源回路を有する電源装置から切換、選択などして同軸ケーブルまたはシールド線などにより出力する一方の入力線Ｐ３の先端端子を取り付けるＰ３端子が前記一方のピストンロッド３３ＡＲに、また、該Ｐ３端子には高周波結合トランス１３の入力１次巻線１３Ｂの一方の端子が接続されている。そして、前述の高周波結合トランス１３の出力２次巻線１３Ｃの一方の端子が前記他方のピストンロッド３３ＢＲの端子に接続してある。   Further, at a desired portion of the outer peripheral surface of the coupling body 32, the one terminal line P3 of the power supply interelectrode line around the processing portion is connected to a work stand where the workpiece is installed. A P3W terminal for attaching the other end input side terminal is provided, and switching and selection from a plurality of different types of power supply devices for processing at the rear end portions of the one and the other piston rods 33AR and 33BR, etc. Then, a P3 terminal to which a tip terminal of one input line P3 output by a coaxial cable or a shielded wire is attached to the one piston rod 33AR, and the input primary winding 13B of the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 is connected to the P3 terminal. One of the terminals is connected. One terminal of the output secondary winding 13C of the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 is connected to the terminal of the other piston rod 33BR.

前記端子材の導体から成る結合体３２には、図２及び図３から判るように、該結合体３２が高周波の直流パルスや交流などの放電加工電流によって加熱、昇温するのを防止するため内部に冷却液を流通させて所定の冷却能力を発揮する流通路３２Ｃが形成され、外周面の所望の部位に冷却液の給排管３２Ｄ、３２Ｅが接続させる構成が採られるものである。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the coupling body 32 made of the conductor of the terminal material is used to prevent the coupling body 32 from being heated and heated by an electric discharge machining current such as a high-frequency direct current pulse or alternating current. A flow path 32C is formed in which a cooling liquid is circulated to exhibit a predetermined cooling capacity, and a configuration in which cooling liquid supply and discharge pipes 32D and 32E are connected to desired portions on the outer peripheral surface is adopted.

本発明の放電加工用電気回路の切換装置を、加工用電源回路の切換装置として機能的に電源回路を切換え、切換え組合わせ、または切換え選択作動させるためには、前述説明の一方（上方）の電気回路の切換装置３０の外に、図に示した装置３０と同一の構成の他方（下方）の電気回路の切換装置４０を必要とするもので、さらに後述する電気回路の配線および引き廻しなどから、両切換装置３０、４０は、加工槽壁やワークスタンドなどに取り付ける取付板３５に、該板３５を図示の如く立てた場合には、一方と他方の切換装置３０、４０が上方と下方とに位置するように並設し、そして図示の場合は、更らに前述の仕上げ加工用高周波交流パルス発生用電源回路の一部である高周波結合トランス１３のトランス収納室１２Ａが、リード線を出来る丈に短く配線する必要がある所から、加工槽内等の加工部直近の位置に設けられる。   In order to switch the power supply circuit functionally as a switching device for the machining power supply circuit, to perform the switching combination or the switching selection operation, the switching device for the electric circuit for electric discharge machining of the present invention is one (upper) described above. In addition to the electric circuit switching device 30, the other (lower) electric circuit switching device 40 having the same configuration as that of the device 30 shown in the figure is required. Therefore, when both the switching devices 30 and 40 are mounted on a mounting plate 35 attached to a processing tank wall or a work stand as shown in the figure, the one and the other switching devices 30 and 40 are arranged upward and downward. In the illustrated case, the transformer housing chamber 12A of the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 which is a part of the power circuit for generating a high-frequency alternating-current pulse for finishing is further connected to a lead wire. From where it is necessary to shorten wiring length that can be provided to the processing unit nearest position of such machining tank.

而して、前記もう１つの他方（下方）の電源回路の切換装置４０は、前述の切換装置３０とその配置の仕方や回路配線等に於いて後述する相違があるもの、各部の構造自体は、実質同一であるから構造等に関する説明は一部を除き省略することとする。   Thus, the switching device 40 for the other power supply circuit on the other side is different from the switching device 30 described above in the manner of arrangement, circuit wiring, etc., and the structure itself of each part is the same. Since it is substantially the same, the explanation about the structure and the like will be omitted except for a part.

そして、勿論後述する各切換装置３０、４０の配置及び電気回路の構成、配線を前提とするものであるが、図示上では、上下に２個並設された態様の一方及び他方の電源回路の切換装置３０，４０は、各端子材の導体から成る結合体３２、４２が、シリンダ状函体３１、４１の左右軸方向の中央に固定位置した状態で、一方の切換装置３０の前記結合体３２を介して対向す一対のピストン３３Ａ、３３Ｂが流体圧駆動により左行移動するとき、他方の切換装置４０の一対のピストン４３Ａ、４３Ｂは同時に右行移動して、切換装置３０が結合体３２のテーパ突起３２Ａとピストン３３Ａのテーパ穴３３ＡＨ間の加圧嵌合接触から、左方反対側のテーパ突起３２Ｂとピストン３３Ｂのテーパ穴３３ＢＨとの加圧嵌合接触に切換わるのに対し、他方下方の切換装置４０は結合体４２のテーパ突起４２Ｂとピストン４３Ｂのテーパ穴４３ＢＨ間の加圧嵌合接触から、右方反対側のテーパ突起４２Ａとピストン４３Ａのテーパ穴４３ＡＨ間の加圧嵌合接触に切換わるように流体圧の給排による駆動回路が、各シリンダ室３１ＡＳ、３１ＢＳ、４１ＡＳ、４１ＢＳに配管されているものである。   And of course, it is premised on the arrangement of each switching device 30 and 40, which will be described later, the configuration of the electric circuit, and the wiring. The switching devices 30, 40 are configured such that the coupling bodies 32, 42 made of the conductors of the terminal members are fixedly positioned at the center in the left-right axial direction of the cylindrical boxes 31, 41. When the pair of pistons 33A, 33B facing each other through 32 moves leftward by fluid pressure driving, the pair of pistons 43A, 43B of the other switching device 40 simultaneously moves rightward, and the switching device 30 is coupled to the coupling body 32. The pressure fitting contact between the taper protrusion 32A of the piston 33A and the taper hole 33AH of the piston 33A is switched to the pressure fitting contact between the taper protrusion 32B on the opposite side to the left and the taper hole 33BH of the piston 33B. The lower switching device 40 has a pressure fitting contact between the taper protrusion 42B of the coupling body 42 and the taper hole 43BH of the piston 43B, and a pressure fitting between the taper protrusion 42A on the opposite side to the right and the taper hole 43AH of the piston 43A. A drive circuit for supplying and discharging fluid pressure is connected to each cylinder chamber 31AS, 31BS, 41AS, 41BS so as to switch to contact.

そして、前記他方（下方）の電源回路の切換装置４０側の結合体４２の外周面の所望の部位に前述電源装置から切換、選択などで同軸ケーブルまたはシールド線などにより出力する他方の入力線Ｐ４の先端端子を取付けるＰ４端子が、設けられ、また、一方のピストンロッド４３ＡＲの後端に設けた端子には前記高周波結合トランス１３の入力１次巻線１３Ｂの他方の端子が接続され、そして、他方のピストンロッド４３ＢＲの後端に設けた端子Ｐ４Ｇ端子には、前記高周波結合トランス１３の出力２次巻線１３Ｃの他方の端子と加工部廻りの電源極間線の内、先端端子が、ワイヤ電極位置決め案内する上下のガイドブロックに設けた通電駒に接続される前記他方の極間線Ｐ４の他端入力側端子とが取り付けられている。   Then, the other input line P4 that outputs to the desired portion of the outer peripheral surface of the coupling body 42 on the switching device 40 side of the other (lower) power supply circuit from the power supply device through a coaxial cable or a shielded wire by selection or the like. And a terminal provided at the rear end of one piston rod 43AR is connected to the other terminal of the input primary winding 13B of the high-frequency coupling transformer 13, and The terminal P4G terminal provided at the rear end of the other piston rod 43BR is connected to the other terminal of the output secondary winding 13C of the high-frequency coupling transformer 13 and the tip terminal of the power supply interelectrode wire around the processing portion. The other end input side terminal of the other inter-electrode line P4 connected to the current-carrying piece provided in the upper and lower guide blocks for electrode positioning guidance is attached.

図１に図示の切換装置３０、４０の切換設定の状態は、電源回路５からの入力線Ｐ４を介する入力、即ち、各種の電圧パルスや切換え組合わせ等による電圧または電流増大パルス等を、そのまま加工部の極間線Ｐ３、Ｐ４に出力する設定である。之を説明するに、入力線Ｐ３から一方のピストンロッド３３ＡＲの端子、一方のピストン３３Ａのテーパ穴３３ＡＨと結合体３２のテーパ突起３２Ａとの加圧接触、そして、結合体３２のＰ３Ｗ端子を介して極間線Ｐ３（被加工体）へと繋がり、他方の極間線Ｐ４（ワイヤ電極）から他方のピストンロッド４３ＢＲのＰ４Ｇ端子を通り、他方のピストン４３Ｂのテーパ穴４３ＢＨと結合体４２のテーパ突起４２Ｂとの加圧接触、そして結合体４２のＰ４端子を介して電源出力線Ｐ４へと繋がっているので、往路（Ｐ３−Ｐ３Ｗ）、及び復路（Ｐ４−Ｐ４Ｇ）とも、接点部は各３箇所で、前述図１０の切換装置を用いた従来例（特許文献３参照）の７箇所に比べて少なく、往・復各回路のインピータンス及び電気抵抗とも、測定したところによれば、従来例１１ｍΩに対し、本発明１ｍΩと著しく低減できていることが判った。なお、前述従来例の通電板を使用した場合とテーパ突起とテーパ穴のテーパ面接触の場合と対比すると、電気抵抗は接触面積の関係から、後者本発明の場合約１／４に軽減していた。加工電流５０Ａの加工で、極間線に電流プローブを取り付けて１μｓのパルスでの電流ピークの立ち上がりは、従来例４８０Ａ／μｓに対し本発明の回路では、５５０Ａ／μｓとなり、加工速度の向上が期待される。   The switching setting states of the switching devices 30 and 40 shown in FIG. 1 are the same as the input from the power supply circuit 5 via the input line P4, that is, the voltage or current increase pulse due to various voltage pulses or switching combinations. This is a setting to output to the inter-electrode lines P3 and P4 of the processed part. To explain this, the input line P3 is connected to the terminal of one piston rod 33AR, the pressure contact between the taper hole 33AH of one piston 33A and the taper protrusion 32A of the coupling body 32, and the P3W terminal of the coupling body 32. To the interpolar line P3 (workpiece), from the other interpolar line P4 (wire electrode) through the P4G terminal of the other piston rod 43BR, and the taper hole 43BH of the other piston 43B and the taper of the coupling body 42. Since the pressure contact with the protrusion 42B and the power output line P4 are connected to each other through the P4 terminal of the combined body 42, there are 3 contact points for each of the forward path (P3-P3W) and the return path (P4-P4G). The number of points is smaller than the seven points in the conventional example (see Patent Document 3) using the switching device of FIG. 10, and both the impedance and the electrical resistance of the forward and backward circuits are measured. If, with respect to prior art 11Emuomega, it was found to be able to significantly reduce the present invention 1 M.OMEGA. In contrast to the case where the current-carrying plate of the conventional example is used and the case where the taper projection and the taper hole are in contact with each other, the electrical resistance is reduced to about 1/4 in the case of the latter invention due to the contact area. It was. With a machining current of 50 A, the current peak rises with a pulse of 1 μs when a current probe is attached to the inter-electrode wire, which is 550 A / μs in the circuit of the present invention compared to the conventional example of 480 A / μs, which improves the machining speed Be expected.

次に切換装置３０、４０の切換設定を図示と反対にすると、電源からの高周波の直流電流パルス入力Ｐ３、Ｐ４を高周波の結合トランス１３で高周波の交流パルスに変換して、極間線Ｐ３、Ｐ４に出力するように機能する回路構成となる。即ち、入力線Ｐ３から一方のピストンロッド３３ＡＲのＰ３端子を経て入力１次巻線の一方の端子に繋がり、１次巻線の他方の端子は、下一方のピストンロッド４３ＡＲの端子から当該ピストン４３Ａのテーパ穴４３ＡＨのテーパ面と結合体４２のテーパ突起４２Ａのテーパ面間の加圧接触、及び該結合体４２のＰ４端子を経て他方の入力線に繋がっている。之に対し出力の２次巻線の一方の端子は、上他方のピストンロッド３３ＢＲの端子に接続され、該上他方のピストンロッド３３Ｂのテーパ穴３３ＢＨのテーパ面と結合体３２のテーパ突起３２Ｂのテーパ面間の加圧接触を経て、該結合体３２のＰ３Ｗ端子に対する極間線Ｐ３と繋がり、２次巻線の他方の端子は、下他方のピストンロッド４３ＢＲのＰ４Ｇ端子に接続されることにより、該Ｐ４Ｇ端子に他端が接続された極間線Ｐ４により加工部へ接続されているものである。   Next, when the switching settings of the switching devices 30 and 40 are reversed, the high-frequency DC current pulse inputs P3 and P4 from the power source are converted into high-frequency AC pulses by the high-frequency coupling transformer 13, and the interpolar line P3, The circuit configuration functions to output to P4. That is, the input line P3 is connected to one terminal of the input primary winding through the P3 terminal of one piston rod 33AR, and the other terminal of the primary winding is connected to the piston 43A from the terminal of the lower piston rod 43AR. The pressure contact between the taper surface of the taper hole 43AH and the taper surface of the taper protrusion 42A of the coupling body 42 is connected to the other input line via the P4 terminal of the coupling body 42. On the other hand, one terminal of the output secondary winding is connected to the terminal of the upper other piston rod 33BR, and the tapered surface of the tapered hole 33BH of the upper piston rod 33B and the tapered protrusion 32B of the coupling body 32 are connected. Through pressurization contact between the tapered surfaces, it is connected to the interpolar line P3 for the P3W terminal of the combined body 32, and the other terminal of the secondary winding is connected to the P4G terminal of the lower piston rod 43BR. The other end of the P4G terminal is connected to the machining portion by an inter-electrode line P4.

このように本発明の電気回路の切換装置は、加圧接触、開離する接点間に接触を良好にするための通電板等を介設させないから、繰り返し使用による耐久性の問題が生ぜず、電気抵抗やインピータンス増大につながる接触面の数が減じ、従って発熱も減少するから熱害の問題も少なくなり、しかも、切換えのための開閉は端子材の導体から成るテーパ突起とテーパ穴間の加圧嵌合によるテーパ面の加圧接触であるから、その接触はしっかりとした固定に準ずるもので、接触抵抗も減じるものである。   As described above, the electric circuit switching device of the present invention does not cause a problem of durability due to repeated use, because it does not interpose a current contact plate or the like for improving contact between the contact to be pressed and released. The number of contact surfaces that lead to an increase in electrical resistance and impedance is reduced, and therefore heat generation is reduced, so that the problem of thermal damage is reduced.In addition, switching for switching is performed between the taper protrusion and the taper hole made of the conductor of the terminal material. Since it is a pressure contact of the taper surface by pressure fitting, the contact conforms to the firm fixation, and the contact resistance is also reduced.

また、本発明の切換装置は、前述の如く中央部に端子材の導体から成る結合体を有し、該結合体に対して両側よりピストンを進退させて互いに逆に接離を行うと言う特異の構成を有するもので、構造が簡単で、部品点数少なく、また造り易く、電気回路の配線も簡単となり、さらに冷却手段の付加構成が容易であると共に冷却能の発揮に合致した構成である等多くの利点を有するものである。   In addition, the switching device of the present invention has a combined body composed of conductors of terminal materials at the center as described above, and the piston is advanced and retracted from both sides with respect to the combined body so as to make contact with and separate from each other. The structure is simple, the number of parts is small, it is easy to manufacture, the wiring of the electric circuit is also simple, and the additional structure of the cooling means is easy and the structure conforms to the display of the cooling capacity, etc. It has many advantages.

なお、結合体とピストンの加圧接触と開離して回路を閉形成と開放をするテーパ突起とテーパ穴を形成するテーパ面の角度であるが、テーパ角度は或る程度大きい方が、前述したように加圧接触の推力に比べて接点接触圧力が大きくなるので好ましいが、作用加圧力により両テーパ面間に僅か以上滑りが生ずる程度とすることが好ましいようである。そして逆にテーパ角度が、例えば２０°程度、またはそれ以下と小さくしすぎると、突起側が穴側に楔状等に突込んで抜けにくくなることがあるので好ましくない。前述した本発明の実施例の素材組合わせでは、テーパ角度３０°として良好に作動させることができた。そして、さらに、前述実施例のように、突側テーパ突起の結合体を柔らかい黄銅材とするのに対し、凹側テーパ穴のピストン材を硬いＳＵＳ材の関係に組み合わせ設定しておくと、摩擦により磨り減ったときの接点の接触に問題が起きずに好都合なのである。   It should be noted that the angle between the taper projection that forms and opens the circuit by closing and releasing the pressure contact between the coupling body and the piston and the taper surface that forms the taper hole. Thus, it is preferable because the contact contact pressure becomes larger than the thrust of the pressure contact, but it seems to be preferable that a slight slip occurs between both tapered surfaces by the applied pressure. On the other hand, if the taper angle is too small, for example, about 20 ° or less, it is not preferable because the projection side may protrude into the hole side in a wedge shape or the like and become difficult to come off. In the above-described combination of materials according to the embodiment of the present invention, it was possible to operate satisfactorily with a taper angle of 30 °. Further, as in the above-described embodiment, the combination of the projecting taper protrusions is made of a soft brass material, whereas the piston material of the recessed taper holes is combined and set in a relationship of a hard SUS material. It is convenient without causing any problems in contact of the contacts when worn down.

また、前述図示説明した電気回路の切換装置３０、４０は、対向方向に進退するピストンロッドが後方に於いて外部に露出しているから、加工液を流入及び排出させて高周波結合トランスを冷却する直流パルスの交流変換回路などと共に取付板３５に取り付けて、放電加工部の直近の位置に配置するなどして用いる場合には、前記切換装置３０、４０を、例えば図２の状態からさらに耐蝕性のステンレススティール製のキャンにより覆って密閉使用することが推奨されるものである。   In the electrical circuit switching devices 30 and 40 described above, the piston rod that advances and retreats in the opposite direction is exposed to the outside in the rear, so that the machining fluid is introduced and discharged to cool the high-frequency coupling transformer. In the case where the switching device 30 or 40 is used by being attached to the attachment plate 35 together with an AC conversion circuit of a direct current pulse and disposed at a position closest to the electric discharge machining portion, for example, the switching devices 30 and 40 are further corrosion resistant from the state of FIG. It is recommended that it be covered with a stainless steel can and sealed.

本発明は、放電加工機の本機加工部と、切換え選択、組合わせ可能複数の電源回路を有する電源装置の間に設置して電源回路の切換装置として使用することが出来る。   The present invention can be used as a power supply circuit switching device by being installed between the machine processing portion of an electric discharge machine and a power supply device having a plurality of power supply circuits that can be selected and combined.

本発明の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置部分の一実施例の縦断面図に、電気回路配線を付加し、さらに通常付設して使用する回路装置を付加して示したもの。1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a switching device portion of a power supply circuit for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, to which an electric circuit wiring is added and a circuit device which is normally attached and used. 図１と同じ切換装置部分と付設回路装置の一実施例の外観斜視図。The external appearance perspective view of one Example of the same switching apparatus part and attached circuit apparatus as FIG. 図１と同じ切換装置部分と付設回路装置の一実施例の縦断側面図の斜視図。The perspective view of the vertical side view of one Example of the same switching apparatus part and attached circuit apparatus as FIG. 従来例の切換え可能な複数の電源回路を有するワイヤ放電加工用電源回路の一例。An example of the power supply circuit for wire electrical discharge machining which has the several switchable power supply circuit of a prior art example. 図４の電源回路の１つから得られる交流電圧、電流波形の一例。FIG. 5 is an example of an AC voltage and current waveform obtained from one of the power supply circuits of FIG. 4. 図４の回路装置１２の使用の態様を示す図。The figure which shows the aspect of use of the circuit apparatus 12 of FIG. 前記回路装置の構成の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the structure of the said circuit apparatus. 開閉スイッチ１４の構成例の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the structural example of the opening / closing switch 14. FIG. 他の従来例の切換装置の構成を示す断面平面図。The cross-sectional top view which shows the structure of the switching apparatus of another prior art example. また他の従来例の切換装置の構成を示す断面平面図。Moreover, the cross-sectional top view which shows the structure of the switching apparatus of another prior art example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３０、４０ 放電加工用電気回路の切換装置。
３１、４１ シリンダ状函体。
３１Ａ、４１Ａ；３１Ｂ、４１Ｂ 一方及び他方のシリンダ状函体。
３１ＡＳ、４１ＡＳ；３１ＢＳ、４１ＢＳ 一方及び他方のシリンダ室。
３２、４２ 端子材の導体から成る結合体。
３２Ａ、４２Ａ；３２Ｂ、４２Ｂ 一方及び他方のテーパ状突起。
３３Ａ、４３Ａ；３３Ｂ、４３Ｂ 一方及び他方のピストン。
３３ＡＲ、４３ＡＲ；３３ＢＲ、４３ＢＲ 一方及び他方のピストンロッド。
３３ＡＨ、４３ＡＨ；３３ＢＨ、４３ＢＨ 一方及び他方のテーパ穴。
３２Ｄ、３２Ｅ、 冷却液給排路のプラグ。
３４Ａ、３４Ｂ 圧力流体の給排プラグ。
３５ 取付板。 30, 40 Electric circuit switching device for electric discharge machining.
31, 41 Cylindrical box.
31A, 41A; 31B, 41B One and the other cylindrical box.
31AS, 41AS; 31BS, 41BS One and other cylinder chambers.
32, 42 Combined body composed of conductors of terminal materials.
32A, 42A; 32B, 42B One and the other tapered protrusions.
33A, 43A; 33B, 43B One and the other piston.
33AR, 43AR; 33BR, 43BR One and the other piston rod.
33AH, 43AH; 33BH, 43BH One and the other tapered holes.
32D, 32E, plug for coolant supply / discharge path.
34A, 34B Pressure fluid supply / discharge plugs.
35 Mounting plate.

Claims (3)

放電加工の複数ある異なる種類の加工用電源回路を有する電源装置と、電極・被加工体間の加工部間に設けられる放電加工用切換装置において、
絶縁材から成るシリンダ状函体の軸方向の中央部に、前記シリンダ状函体を軸と直角方向に分断して結合する端子材の導体から成る結合体を介設させて両側に独立にシリンダ室を形成させ、前記両シリンダ室には端子用導体材から成るピストンが挿設されると共に該両ピストンの外側面にはシリンダの各外側端のシリンダ壁を気密状態で軸方向に貫通して移動する端子用導体材のピストンロッドが設けられており、前記各ピストンと前記両シリンダ室を結合した端子材の導体との各対向面には、軸方向に移動して加圧嵌合と離脱とをする相補の形状のテーパ突起とテーパ穴とが設けられている切換装置を２個並設し、該各切換装置の各ピストンは前記両シリンダ室に対する加圧流体の給排切換えによって、前記結合体を介して一方の側にあるテーパ突起とテーパ穴との加圧嵌合から反対側にあるテーパ突起とテーパ穴との加圧勘合に切り換わるように、軸方向の移動が駆動されるとともに、一方の切換装置におけるピストンと他方の切換装置におけるピストンが同時に駆動し、
前記端子材の導体の外周側面とピストンロッドの各外側端には電気リード接続の端子部が設けられて成ることを特徴とする放電加工用電気回路の切換装置。 In a power supply device having a plurality of different types of machining power supply circuits for electrical discharge machining and a switching device for electrical discharge machining provided between machining portions between an electrode and a workpiece,
The cylinder-shaped box made of an insulating material has an axially central portion, and a cylinder made of a terminal material conductor that divides the cylinder-shaped box in a direction perpendicular to the axis and is coupled to each other, and cylinders are independently provided on both sides. Chambers are formed, and pistons made of conductor materials for terminals are inserted into the cylinder chambers, and the cylinder walls at the outer ends of the cylinders are sealed in the axial direction in the airtight state on the outer surfaces of the pistons. Piston rods for moving terminal conductors are provided, and the respective opposing surfaces of the pistons and terminal material conductors connecting the cylinder chambers are moved in the axial direction to press fit and release. the switching device Doo and the tapered projection and the tapered bore of complementary shape to are provided two Konami設, each piston of the respective switching device by a sheet discharge switching of pressurized fluid to said two cylinder chambers, the On one side through the conjugate Over path projections and to switch from a pressurized press fit engagement with the tapered bore to a pressurized圧勘case of the tapered projection and the tapered hole on the opposite side, Rutotomoni axial movement is driven, and the piston in one of the switching device The piston in the other switching device is driven simultaneously ,
A switching device for an electrical circuit for electric discharge machining, wherein a terminal portion for electrical lead connection is provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the conductor of the terminal material and each outer end of the piston rod. 上下に２個並設された各放電加工用電気回路の切換装置は、各端子材の導体から成る結合体が左右方向の中央に位置した状態で、一方の切換装置の前記結合体を介して対向する一対の前記ピストンロッド付ピストンが駆動により左行移動するとき、他方の切換装置の一対のピストンロッド付ピストンは同時に右行移動するように駆動が制御されるものであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置。 The switching device for each electrical circuit for electric discharge machining arranged in parallel in the upper and lower sides is such that a combined body composed of conductors of each terminal material is located at the center in the left-right direction via the combined body of one switching device. When the pair of pistons with piston rods facing each other moves leftward by driving, the driving is controlled so that the pair of pistons with piston rods of the other switching device simultaneously moves rightward. A switching device for a power supply circuit for electric discharge machining according to claim 1 . 複数ある異なる種類の加工用電源回路を有する電源装置から同軸ケーブルまたはシールド線により出力する一方の入力線Ｐ３を、一方の切換装置の一方のピストンロッドのＰ３端子に接続すると共に、他方の入力線Ｐ４を他方の切換装置の端子材の導体のＰ４端子に接続し、
加工部極間線の一方のワークテーブル側である出力線Ｐ３を前記一方の切換装置の端子材の導体のＰ３Ｗ端子に接続すると共に、他方のワイヤ電極側である出力線Ｐ４を他方の切換装置の他方のピストンロッドのＰ４Ｇ端子に接続し、
そして、さらに、前記電源装置の出力線Ｐ３、Ｐ４より出力する高周波パルス発生回路の出力直流パルスを交流パルスに変換するリングコアの高周波結合トランスの１次巻線の入力を、前記Ｐ３端子と他方の切換装置の一方のピストンロッドの端子とに、また、２次巻線の出力を前記Ｐ４Ｇ端子と一方の切換装置の他方ピストンロッドの端子とに接続して成ることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の放電加工用電源回路の切換装置。 One input line P3 output from a plurality of power supply apparatuses having different types of processing power supply circuits by a coaxial cable or a shield line is connected to the P3 terminal of one piston rod of one switching apparatus, and the other input line P4 is connected to the P4 terminal of the conductor of the terminal material of the other switching device,
The output line P3 on one worktable side of the machining unit inter-electrode line is connected to the P3W terminal of the conductor of the terminal material of the one switching device, and the output line P4 on the other wire electrode side is connected to the other switching device. Connected to the P4G terminal of the other piston rod,
Further, the input of the primary winding of the high-frequency coupling transformer of the ring core that converts the output DC pulse of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit output from the output lines P3 and P4 of the power supply device into an AC pulse is connected to the P3 terminal and the other on the one of the piston rod terminal of the switching device, also, the output of the secondary winding to claim 2, characterized in that formed by connecting to the terminal of the other piston rod of the P4G terminal and one switching device The switching apparatus of the power supply circuit for electrical discharge machining of description.
JP2004092733A 2004-03-26 2004-03-26 Electrical discharge switching circuit switching device and electrical discharge machining power circuit switching device Expired - Fee Related JP4522733B2 (en)

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JPS5866807U (en) * 1981-10-27 1983-05-07 富士電機株式会社 contact device
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JPH08174339A (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-07-09 Sodick Co Ltd Circuit device for electric discharge machining and electric discharge machining device

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JPS6039714A (en) * 1983-07-12 1985-03-01 ユナイテツド・テクノロジーズ・コーポレイシヨン Current controlling switch
JPH08174339A (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-07-09 Sodick Co Ltd Circuit device for electric discharge machining and electric discharge machining device

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