JP4521244B2 - Two-step continuous grinding method and apparatus - Google Patents
Two-step continuous grinding method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、センタレス研削機を用いて、粗研削と仕上研削とを行なう技術に係り、特に
上記２工程の研削を１サイクルで実施できるように改良したものである。
The present invention relates to a technique for performing rough grinding and finish grinding using a centerless grinding machine, and in particular, is improved so that the above-mentioned two-step grinding can be performed in one cycle.
従来一般に、仕上研削に先立って粗研削を行なうことは周知であり、センタレス研削においても同様である。
粗研削を行なった後に仕上研削を行なう方法はいろいろ研究されているが、大別して、
イ．同一の研削機械装置を用い、粗研削を終えてから機械装置の調節を修正し（要すれば 部品を交換し）た後、仕上研削を行なう方式。
ロ．２基の研削機械装置を用い、片方の機械装置で粗研削を終えたワークを、他方の機械 装置で仕上研削する方式。
が有る。
上記イ，ロの２方式の変形例も数多あるが、要するに粗研削工程と仕上研削工程との２サイクルで実施していた。
Conventionally, it is generally known that rough grinding is performed prior to finish grinding, and the same applies to centerless grinding.
Various methods of finishing grinding after rough grinding have been studied.
I. The same grinding machine is used, and after finishing rough grinding, the adjustment of the machine is corrected (parts are replaced if necessary), and then finish grinding is performed.
B. A system that uses two grinding machines and finish-grinds a workpiece that has been roughly ground by one machine with the other machine.
There is.
There are many variations of the above-mentioned two methods (i) and (ii), but in short, it was carried out in two cycles of a rough grinding step and a finish grinding step.
センタレス研削における粗研削・仕上研削を改良した先行技術としては、
特許文献１に挙げた特開平２００１−２７７０８２号公報が有る。これは、インフィード研削の後にスルーフィード研削を行なうことによって研削仕上精度の向上を図ったものであるが、２サイクルの工程であることには変わりが無く、能率向上については別段の考慮が為されていない。
特許文献２に挙げた特開平６−３４４２５２号公報の発明は、シューを用いて粗研削を行なった後に、該シューを用いずに仕上研削を行なうものであるが、２工程を１サイクルに短縮することについては別段の考慮が為されていない。
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-277082 listed in Patent Document 1 is available. This is an improvement in grinding finishing accuracy by performing through-feed grinding after in-feed grinding, but it is a two-cycle process, and there is no special consideration for improving efficiency. It has not been.
In the invention of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-344252 listed in Patent Document 2, after performing rough grinding using a shoe, finish grinding is performed without using the shoe, but two steps are reduced to one cycle. There are no other considerations to do.
本発明は以上に述べた事情に鑑みて為されたものであって、その目的とするところは、
粗研削と仕上研削との２工程を１サイクルで行ない得る研削方法、および、この方法を実施するに適した装置を提供するにある。
２工程を１サイクルに纏めることによって当然に、作業能率の向上が期待されるが、それだけではなく、粗研削工程と仕上研削工程との間で機械装置を再調節したり、ワークを移送したりしないので、研削精度の維持にも有効である。
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and the object is as follows.
The object of the present invention is to provide a grinding method capable of performing two steps of rough grinding and finish grinding in one cycle, and an apparatus suitable for carrying out this method.
Naturally, it is expected that the work efficiency will be improved by combining the two processes into one cycle. However, not only that, but also the mechanical equipment is readjusted between the rough grinding process and the finish grinding process, and the workpiece is transferred. This is effective in maintaining grinding accuracy.
上記の目的を達成するために創作した本発明の基本的な原理を略述すると次のとおりである。
（図３参照）粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃとを備えた研削砥石連結体４を構成した場合を考える。
いま仮に、ワークを鎖線で描いた位置３Ｓに置いて粗研削砥石円柱面４ａで粗研削し、
ワークを矢印のように実線で描いた位置３Ｆに移動させて仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃで仕上研削すると、１サイクルで２工程（粗研削・仕上研削）が遂行される。
本発明は、上述と同様の１サイクル２工程の研削を行なうのであるが、実際にはワークを動かす代りに研削砥石連結体４を矢印Ｆと反対方向に移動させる。
その理由は、図示しないブレードと調整砥石とによって支承されているワークを動かさないで、研削砥石連結体４を動かした方が、研削精度の維持に有利だからである。
The basic principle of the present invention created in order to achieve the above object is briefly described as follows.
(See FIG. 3) Consider a case in which a grinding wheel linking body 4 having a rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and a finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c is configured.
Suppose now that the workpiece is placed at the position 3S drawn with a chain line and coarsely ground with the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a,
When the workpiece is moved to the position 3F drawn by the solid line as indicated by the arrow and finish-grinding is performed by the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c, two steps (rough grinding and finish grinding) are performed in one cycle.
In the present invention, grinding is performed in one cycle and two steps as described above, but in actuality, instead of moving the workpiece, the grindstone connecting body 4 is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow F.
The reason is that it is more advantageous for maintaining the grinding accuracy to move the grindstone connecting body 4 without moving the work supported by the blade and the adjusting grindstone (not shown).
上述の原理に基づく具体的な構成として、請求項１に係る発明装置の構成は（図１参照）
センタレス研削機において、研削砥石軸に平行なＺ軸を想定し、
粗研削用の砥石と仕上研削用の砥石とが、Ｚ軸に関して同心に一体的に連結されて研削砥石連結体（４）を形成しており、
かつ上記研削砥石連結体が、Ｚ軸方向に、所定の寸法だけ往復駆動されるようになっていることを特徴とする。
As a specific configuration based on the above-described principle, the configuration of the inventive device according to claim 1 is (see FIG. 1).
In the centerless grinding machine, assuming a Z axis parallel to the grinding wheel axis,
The grindstone for rough grinding and the grindstone for finish grinding are integrally connected concentrically with respect to the Z axis to form a grindstone linked body (4),
The grinding wheel linking body is reciprocally driven by a predetermined dimension in the Z-axis direction.
以上に説明した請求項１の発明装置によると、粗研削用の砥石と仕上研削用の砥石とがＺ軸に関して同心に連結されているので、この連結体をＺ軸方向に移動させることより、
「ブレードと調整砥石とで支承されているワーク」を移動させることなく、粗研削と仕上研削との２工程を１サイクルで施工することができる。
According to the invention apparatus of claim 1 described above, since the grindstone for rough grinding and the grindstone for finish grinding are concentrically connected with respect to the Z-axis, by moving this connecting body in the Z-axis direction,
The two steps of rough grinding and finish grinding can be performed in one cycle without moving the “work supported by the blade and the adjusting grindstone”.
請求項２に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項１の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、（図２参照）前記粗研削用砥石が、粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）と粗研削砥石円錐面（４ｂ）とを備えており、かつ、前記仕上研削用の砥石が、仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）を備えていることを特徴とする。 The configuration of the inventive device according to claim 2 is the configuration of the inventive device according to claim 1, in addition to the requirements of the inventive device of claim 1 (see FIG. 2), the rough grinding wheel is a rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and a rough grinding wheel cone. And a grinding wheel for finishing grinding is provided with a finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4c).
以上に説明した請求項２の発明装置によると、粗研削用砥石が、粗研削砥石円柱面と粗研削砥石円錐面とを備えているので、ワークの円柱面と円錐面（テーパ部）とを同時に粗研削することができる。
さらに、仕上研削砥石が仕上研削砥石円柱面を備えているので、粗研削された円柱面を仕上研削することができる。
According to the invention device of claim 2 described above, since the rough grinding wheel includes the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the rough grinding wheel conical surface, the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and the conical surface (tapered portion) are provided. At the same time, rough grinding can be performed.
Furthermore, since the finish grinding wheel has a finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface, the roughly ground cylindrical surface can be finish ground.
請求項３に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項１または請求項２の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、（図３参照）前記粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）と仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）との間に小径の部分が形成されていて、該粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）と仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）との間に間隔（Ｄ）が形成されていることを特徴とする。 The configuration of the invention device according to claim 3 is in addition to the configuration requirements of the invention device of claim 1 or claim 2 (see FIG. 3), the rough grinding wheel cylinder surface (4a) and the finish grinding wheel cylinder surface ( 4c), a small diameter portion is formed, and a gap (D) is formed between the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4c). To do.
以上に説明した請求項３の発明装置によると、粗研削砥石円柱面と仕上研削砥石円柱面との間に小径の部分が形成されているので、粗研削砥石と仕上研削砥石との間に空隙が形成されている。このため、粗研削機能と仕上研削機能とが相互に干渉することがなく。
さらに、粗研削砥石円柱面と仕上研削砥石円柱面とを個別にドレッシングするに好都合である（例えば粗研削砥石円柱面をドレスする際に、仕上研削砥石円柱面を傷つけたりする虞れが無い）。
According to the invention apparatus of the third aspect described above, since the small-diameter portion is formed between the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface, there is a gap between the rough grinding wheel and the finishing grinding wheel. Is formed. For this reason, the rough grinding function and the finish grinding function do not interfere with each other.
Further, it is convenient for dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface individually (for example, there is no possibility of damaging the finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface when dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface). .
請求項４に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項１ないし請求項３の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、（図４及び図５を併せて参照）前記研削砥石連結体（４）がドレッサ（５）を備えており、
このドレッサに、前記粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）および粗研削砥石円錐面（４ｂ）をプランジドレスするプランジ用形状（Ｐ）と、
前記仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）をトラバースドレスするトラバース形状（Ｔ）とが設けられていることを特徴とする。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first to third aspects of the invention device (see also FIGS. 4 and 5), the grinding wheel linking body (4) is a dresser. (5)
A plunge shape (P) for plunge-dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and the rough grinding wheel conical surface (4b) to the dresser;
A traverse shape (T) for traversing the cylindrical surface (4c) of the finish grinding wheel is provided.
以上に説明した請求項４の発明装置によると、研削砥石連結体の粗研削砥石円柱面及び粗研削砥石円錐面を同時に能率よくドレスすることができ、
かつ、上記の粗研削砥石のドレッシングと別途に、仕上研削砥石をトラバースドレスすることができる。
本請求項４の発明装置は、以上のようにして、能率の良いプランジドレッシングと精度の良いトラバースドレッシングとを使い分けて、高精度・高能率を両立せしめることができた。
According to the invention device of claim 4 described above, the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the rough grinding wheel conical surface of the grinding wheel linking body can be efficiently dressed simultaneously,
In addition, the finish grinding wheel can be traversed separately from the dressing of the rough grinding wheel.
As described above, the inventive device of claim 4 can achieve both high accuracy and high efficiency by properly using efficient plunge dressing and accurate traverse dressing.
請求項５に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項４の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、（図５参照）前記トラバース形状（Ｔ）のＺ軸方向寸法が、前記の間隔寸法Ｄよりも小さく、
前記プランジ用形状（Ｐ）を粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）に接触させたとき、該トラバース形状（Ｔ）が、「粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）と仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）との間」に入り込んで、研削砥石に干渉しないようになっていることを特徴とする。
In the configuration of the inventive device according to claim 5, in addition to the configuration requirements of the inventive device of claim 4, the Z-axis direction dimension of the traverse shape (T) is more than the spacing dimension D (see FIG. 5). small,
When the shape for plunge (P) is brought into contact with the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a), the traverse shape (T) is "the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4c). It is characterized by not interfering with the grinding wheel.
以上に説明した請求項５の発明装置によると、１個のドレッサによって、仕上研削砥石面を傷つける虞れ無く、粗研削砥石面をドレスすることができる。
２個のドレッサ（粗研削砥石用のドレッサと仕上研削砥石用のドレッサ）を設けて使い分ける必要が無いので、装置の構造が簡単で、製作コストが低廉であり、その上、ドレッシング操作を迅速に行なうことができる。
According to the invention device of the fifth aspect described above, the rough grinding wheel surface can be dressed by one dresser without fear of damaging the finishing grinding wheel surface.
Since there is no need to use two dressers (the dresser for the rough grinding wheel and the dresser for the finishing grinding wheel) and use them separately, the structure of the device is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the dressing operation is quick. Can be done.
請求項６に係る発明方法の構成は、（図１及び図２を併せて参照）センタレス研削機によって、粗研削・仕上研削の２工程を遂行する場合、
予め、「粗研削砥石と仕上研削砥石とを同心に結合した研削砥石連結体４」を構成しておき、
ブレード（１）と調整砥石（２）とでワーク（３）を支承して、
研削砥石連結体（４）の粗研削砥石で粗研削を行ない、
粗研削されたワークをブレードと調整砥石とで支承したまま、研削砥石連結体（４）をＺ軸方向に移動させ、
該研削砥石連結体（４）の仕上研削砥石によって仕上研削を行なうことを特徴とする。
The configuration of the inventive method according to claim 6 is to perform two steps of rough grinding and finish grinding by a centerless grinding machine (see also FIGS. 1 and 2).
In advance, a "grinding wheel linking body 4 in which a rough grinding wheel and a finishing grinding wheel are concentrically coupled" is configured,
The work (3) is supported by the blade (1) and the adjusting grindstone (2).
Rough grinding is performed with the rough grinding wheel of the grinding wheel connector (4).
While the coarsely ground workpiece is supported by the blade and the adjustment grindstone, the grindstone linked body (4) is moved in the Z-axis direction,
It is characterized in that finish grinding is performed by a finish grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body (4).
以上に説明した請求項６の発明方法によると、同一のブレードと同一の調整砥石とを用いて、ワークを移送することなく粗研削と仕上研削とを施工することができる。
ブレードや調整砥石がそれぞれ１個で済むからセンタレス研削機全体が小形軽量で低コストであるのみならず、
同一のブレードと同一の調整砥石とでワークを支承したままで粗研削から仕上研削に移行できるので、ワークの持ち替えに因って研削仕上精度に悪影響を及ぼす虞れが無い。
しかも、ワーク移送に因るロスタイムを生じない。
According to the method of the present invention described above, rough grinding and finish grinding can be performed using the same blade and the same adjusting grindstone without transferring the workpiece.
Since only one blade and one adjusting grindstone are required, the entire centerless grinding machine is not only small, lightweight and low cost,
Since the workpiece can be transferred from the rough grinding to the finishing grinding while the workpiece is supported by the same blade and the same adjusting grindstone, there is no possibility of adversely affecting the grinding finishing accuracy due to the change of the workpiece.
Moreover, there is no loss time due to workpiece transfer.
請求項７に係る発明方法の構成は、前記請求項６の発明方法の構成要件に加えて、（図１及び図２を併せて参照）研削砥石連結体（４）の粗研削砥石で粗研削を行なう際に、ワークの円柱面とテーパ面とを同時に研削し、
仕上研削砥石によって仕上研削を行なう際、前工程で粗研削された円柱面を仕上研削することを特徴とする。
In addition to the constituent features of the inventive method of the sixth aspect, the configuration of the inventive method according to the seventh aspect includes rough grinding with the rough grinding wheel of the grinding wheel coupling body (4) (see also FIGS. 1 and 2). When grinding, the cylindrical surface and tapered surface of the workpiece are ground simultaneously,
When performing finish grinding with a finish grinding wheel, the cylindrical surface coarsely ground in the previous step is finish ground.
以上に説明した請求項７の発明方法によると、最初の工程の粗研削において、ワークの２箇所を粗研削することができる。さらに本請求項７の応用によって、複数箇所の円柱面と複数箇所の円錐面（テーパ面）とを同時に粗研削することもできる。 According to the invention method of the seventh aspect described above, two portions of the workpiece can be roughly ground in the rough grinding in the first step. Furthermore, according to the application of the seventh aspect, a plurality of cylindrical surfaces and a plurality of conical surfaces (tapered surfaces) can be coarsely ground simultaneously.
請求項８に係る発明方法の構成は、前記請求項６または請求項７の発明方法の構成要件に加えて、（図５参照）前記の研削砥石連結体（４）をドレッシングする際、
予め、「プランジ用形状（Ｐ）とトラバース用形状（Ｔ）とを有するドレッサ（５）」を構成しておき、
上記ドレッサのプランジ用形状（Ｐ）によって研削砥石連結体の粗研削砥石をプランジドレスし、
該ドレッサのトラバース用形状（Ｔ）によって研削砥石連結体の仕上研削砥石をトラバースドレスすることを特徴とする。
In addition to the constituent features of the method of the invention of claim 6 or claim 7 (see FIG. 5), the configuration of the method of the invention according to claim 8 is that when dressing the grinding wheel linking body (4),
In advance, a “dresser (5) having a plunge shape (P) and a traverse shape (T)” is configured,
Plunge dress the rough grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body by the shape (P) for the plunge of the dresser,
The finish grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body is traversed by the traverse shape (T) of the dresser.
以上に説明した請求項８の発明方法によると、本発明の請求項６に係る研削方法の実施に伴って必要とされる「粗研削砥石のドレッシング及び仕上研削砥石のドレッシング」を、単一のドレッサを用いて、しかも１サイクル２工程で、迅速かつ容易に遂行することができる。 According to the invention method of claim 8 described above, the “rough grinding wheel dressing and the finishing grinding wheel dressing” required for carrying out the grinding method according to claim 6 of the present invention can be performed in a single manner. Using a dresser, it can be performed quickly and easily in two steps per cycle.
請求項１の発明装置によると、粗研削用の砥石と仕上研削用の砥石とがＺ軸に関して同心に連結されているので、この連結体をＺ軸方向に移動させることより、
「ブレードと調整砥石とで支承されているワーク」を移動させることなく、粗研削と仕上研削との２工程を１サイクルで施工することができる。
According to the invention apparatus of claim 1, since the grindstone for rough grinding and the grindstone for finish grinding are concentrically connected with respect to the Z-axis, by moving this connecting body in the Z-axis direction,
The two steps of rough grinding and finish grinding can be performed in one cycle without moving the “work supported by the blade and the adjusting grindstone”.
請求項２の発明装置によると、粗研削用砥石が、粗研削砥石円柱面と粗研削砥石円錐面とを備えているので、ワークの円柱面と円錐面（テーパ部）とを同時に粗研削することができる。
さらに、仕上研削砥石が仕上研削砥石円柱面を備えているので、粗研削された円柱面を仕上研削することができる。
According to the invention device of claim 2, since the grinding wheel for rough grinding is provided with a rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and a rough grinding wheel conical surface, the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and the conical surface (tapered portion) are coarsely ground simultaneously. be able to.
Furthermore, since the finish grinding wheel has a finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface, the roughly ground cylindrical surface can be finish ground.
請求項３の発明装置によると、粗研削砥石円柱面と仕上研削砥石円柱面との間に小径の部分が形成されているので、粗研削砥石と仕上研削砥石との間に空隙が形成されている。このため、粗研削機能と仕上研削機能とが相互に干渉することがなく、
さらに、粗研削砥石円柱面と仕上研削砥石円柱面とを個別にドレッシングするに好都合である（例えば粗研削砥石円柱面をドレスする際に、仕上研削砥石円柱面を傷つけたりする虞れが無い）。
According to the invention apparatus of claim 3, since the small-diameter portion is formed between the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface, a gap is formed between the rough grinding wheel and the finishing grinding wheel. Yes. For this reason, the rough grinding function and the finish grinding function do not interfere with each other,
Further, it is convenient for dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface individually (for example, there is no possibility of damaging the finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface when dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface). .
請求項４の発明装置によると、研削砥石連結体の粗研削砥石円柱面及び粗研削砥石円錐面を同時に能率よくドレスすることができ、
かつ、上記の粗研削砥石のドレッシングと別途に、仕上研削砥石をトラバースドレスすることができる。
本請求項４の発明装置は、以上のようにして、能率の良いプランジドレッシングと精度の良いトラバースドレッシングとを使い分けることによって、高精度・高能率を両立せしめることができた。
According to the invention device of claim 4, the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the rough grinding wheel conical surface of the grinding wheel linking body can be efficiently dressed simultaneously,
In addition, the finish grinding wheel can be traversed separately from the dressing of the rough grinding wheel.
As described above, the inventive device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention can achieve both high accuracy and high efficiency by properly using efficient plunge dressing and accurate traverse dressing.
請求項５の発明装置によると、１個のドレッサによって、仕上研削砥石面を傷つける虞れ無く、粗研削砥石面をドレスすることができる。
２個のドレッサ（粗研削砥石用のドレッサと仕上研削砥石用のドレッサ）を設けて使い分ける必要が無いので、装置の構造が簡単で、製作コストが低廉であり、その上、ドレッシング操作を迅速に行なうことができる。
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rough grinding wheel surface can be dressed by one dresser without fear of damaging the finishing grinding wheel surface.
Since there is no need to use two dressers (the dresser for the rough grinding wheel and the dresser for the finishing grinding wheel) and use them separately, the structure of the device is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the dressing operation is quick. Can be done.
請求項６の発明方法によると、同一のブレードと同一の調整砥石とを用いて、ワークを移送することなく粗研削と仕上研削とを施工することができる。
ブレードや調整砥石がそれぞれ１個で済むからセンタレス研削機全体が小形軽量で低コストであるのみならず、
同一のブレードと同一の調整砥石とでワークを支承したままで粗研削から仕上研削に移行できるので、ワークの持ち替えに因って研削仕上精度に悪影響を及ぼす虞れが無い。
しかも、ワーク移送に因るロスタイムを生じない。
According to the method of the invention of claim 6, rough grinding and finish grinding can be performed using the same blade and the same adjusting grindstone without transferring the workpiece.
Since only one blade and one adjusting grindstone are required, the entire centerless grinding machine is not only small, lightweight and low cost,
Since the workpiece can be transferred from the rough grinding to the finishing grinding while the workpiece is supported by the same blade and the same adjusting grindstone, there is no possibility of adversely affecting the grinding finishing accuracy due to the change of the workpiece.
Moreover, there is no loss time due to workpiece transfer.
請求項７の発明方法によると、最初の工程の粗研削において、ワークの２箇所を粗研削することができる。さらに本請求項７の応用によって、複数箇所の円柱面と複数箇所の円錐面（テーパ面）とを同時に粗研削することもできる。 According to the seventh aspect of the invention, in the rough grinding in the first step, two portions of the workpiece can be roughly ground. Furthermore, according to the application of the seventh aspect, a plurality of cylindrical surfaces and a plurality of conical surfaces (tapered surfaces) can be coarsely ground simultaneously.
請求項８の発明方法によると、本発明の請求項６に係る研削方法の実施に伴って必要とされる「粗研削砥石のドレッシング及び仕上研削砥石のドレッシング」を、単一のドレッサを用いて、しかも１サイクル２工程で、迅速かつ容易に遂行することができる。 According to the method of the present invention of claim 8, the “dressing of the rough grinding wheel and the dressing of the finishing grinding wheel” required in accordance with the execution of the grinding method according to claim 6 of the present invention is performed using a single dresser. Moreover, it can be performed quickly and easily in two steps per cycle.
図１は本発明装置の１実施形態を示し、研削砥石連結体４が「粗研削を行なうスタート位置Ｓ」の状態を仮想線（破線）で描くとともに、「仕上研削を行なう前進位置Ｆ」を実線で描いた模式的な全体平面図である。
本発明装置は基本的に、１個の調整砥石２と１個の研削砥石連結体４とを設ける。
上記研削砥石連結体４は、粗研削砥石と仕上研削砥石とを同心に連結固定して構成されている。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The grinding wheel linking body 4 draws a state of “start position S where rough grinding is performed” by a virtual line (broken line), and “advance position F where finish grinding is performed”. It is the typical whole top view drawn with the continuous line.
The apparatus of the present invention basically includes one adjusting grindstone 2 and one grindstone connecting body 4.
The grinding wheel linking body 4 is configured by concentrically connecting and fixing a coarse grinding wheel and a finishing grinding wheel.
本実施形態においては、粗研削砥石に粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂとが形成されており、
仕上研削砥石に仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃが形成されている。
符号２を付して示したのは調整砥石であって、ｚ′−ｚ′はその回転中心線である。
この図１は縮尺が小さくて読図しにくいので、先ず全体的な部材配置を認識されたい。次に、この全体図（図１）を参照して、２工程の研削作業の概要のみを述べる（詳細については、図２を参照して後に述べる）。
In this embodiment, the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and the rough grinding wheel conical surface 4b are formed on the rough grinding wheel.
A finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c is formed on the finishing grinding wheel.
Reference numeral 2 indicates an adjusting grindstone, and z′-z ′ is the rotation center line thereof.
Since FIG. 1 is small in scale and difficult to read, it is necessary to first recognize the overall arrangement of members. Next, with reference to this general view (FIG. 1), only the outline of the two-step grinding operation will be described (details will be described later with reference to FIG. 2).
いま、研削砥石連結体４が、仮想線で描かれたスタート位置Ｓに在るとする。ワーク３はブレード１と調整砥石２とによって支承され、研削砥石連結体４の粗研削砥石円柱面の接触を受けて粗研削される。そして、研削砥石連結体４が図の右方に動かされて実線で描かれた前進位置Ｆになると、該研削砥石連結体４の仕上研削砥石がワーク３に接触して仕上研削が行われる。
図１において鎖線の楕円で囲んだ部分の拡大詳細を図２に示す。ただし、この図２においては研削砥石連結体４のスタート位置を実線で描き、前進位置を仮想線で描いてある。
Now, it is assumed that the grinding wheel linking body 4 is at the start position S drawn by a virtual line. The workpiece 3 is supported by the blade 1 and the adjusting grindstone 2, and is subjected to rough grinding by receiving contact with the cylindrical surface of the grindstone grindstone connected to the grindstone connecting body 4. Then, when the grindstone connecting body 4 is moved to the right in the drawing to reach the forward position F drawn by a solid line, the finish grinding wheel of the grindstone connecting body 4 comes into contact with the work 3 and finish grinding is performed.
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of a portion surrounded by a chain line ellipse in FIG. However, in FIG. 2, the start position of the grindstone connected body 4 is drawn with a solid line, and the advance position is drawn with a virtual line.
図２においてワーク３はブレード１と調整砥石２とによって支承されている。実線で描かれたスタート位置の研削砥石連結体４には、粗研削砥石円錐面（スタート位置）４ｂ′
と粗研削砥石円柱面（スタート位置）４ａ′とが設けられていて、
研削砥石連結体４が、第１の工程のスタート位置（実線）に在るとき、粗研削砥石円柱面４ａ′がワーク３の円柱面に、粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂ′がワーク３のテーパ面（円錐面）に、それぞれ接触して粗研削を行なう。
このスタート位置（実線）では、仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃ′は遊休している（この仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃ′は、次に述べる第２の工程の前進位置で仕上研削を受け持つ）。
In FIG. 2, the work 3 is supported by a blade 1 and an adjusting grindstone 2. The grindstone connecting body 4 at the start position drawn by a solid line includes a rough grinding wheel conical surface (start position) 4b ′.
And a rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (start position) 4a ′,
When the grinding wheel connector 4 is at the start position (solid line) of the first step, the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4 a ′ is the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 3, and the rough grinding wheel cone surface 4 b ′ is the tapered surface of the workpiece 3. Rough grinding is performed by contacting each (conical surface).
At this start position (solid line), the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c 'is idle (this finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c' is responsible for finish grinding at the advance position of the second step described below).
第２の工程で、研削砥石連結体４が寸法Ｌだけ図の右方に移動して前進位置（鎖線）になると、粗研削砥石円柱面４ａ及び粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂはワーク３から離れる。
そして、前述の第１の工程（粗研削）で遊休していた仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃがワーク３の円柱面に接触して仕上研削を行なう。
図１および図２においては、実際の作動のとおりに研削砥石連結体４を動かすところを描いた（スタート位置の研削砥石連結体と前進位置の研削砥石連結体とを描いた）。このため、二つの研削砥石連結体が重なり合って図を見にくくした。そこで、説明図として図３を掲げる。
In the second step, when the grindstone connecting body 4 moves to the right in the figure by the dimension L to reach the forward movement position (chain line), the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and the rough grinding wheel conical surface 4b are separated from the workpiece 3.
Then, the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4 c that has been idle in the first step (rough grinding) contacts the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 3 to perform finish grinding.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the grinding wheel connecting body 4 is drawn as in actual operation (the grinding wheel connecting body at the start position and the grinding wheel connecting body at the forward position are drawn). For this reason, two grinding wheel coupling bodies overlapped and it was hard to see a figure. Therefore, FIG. 3 is given as an explanatory diagram.
研削砥石連結体４とワーク３との位置関係を相対的に考察すると、研削砥石連結体４が図の右方に移動するのと、ワーク３が図の左方に移動するのとは等価である。
図３は、このような考察に基づいて描かれた仮想の説明図であって、研削砥石連結体４を動かさずに、ワーク３と調整砥石２とを動かしたように描いてある。
第１の工程の粗研削時には、ワークが仮想線位置３Ｓに在り、調整砥石は仮想線位置２Ｓに在る。
この状態でワーク３Ｓは、その円柱面に粗研削砥石円柱面４ａの接触を受けて粗研削されるとともに、該ワークの円錐面（テーパ面）に粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂの接触を受けて粗研削される。
Considering the positional relationship between the grinding wheel connecting body 4 and the work 3 relatively, it is equivalent to the grinding wheel connecting body 4 moving to the right in the figure and the work 3 moving to the left in the figure. is there.
FIG. 3 is a hypothetical explanatory diagram drawn on the basis of such considerations, in which the workpiece 3 and the adjusting grindstone 2 are moved without moving the grindstone connecting body 4.
At the time of rough grinding in the first step, the workpiece is at the virtual line position 3S, and the adjusting grindstone is at the virtual line position 2S.
In this state, the workpiece 3S is subjected to rough grinding by the contact of the cylindrical surface 4a of the rough grinding wheel with the cylindrical surface, and the rough surface of the workpiece 3S is contacted with the conical surface (taper surface) of the rough grinding wheel 4b. To be ground.
第２の工程の仕上研削時には、研削砥石連結体４の前進（右方へ移動）に代えて、ワークを矢印Ｆのように左方へ動かし、実線で示した位置３Ｆならしめるとともに、調整砥石も左方へ動かして実線で示した位置４Ｆならしめる。
その結果、３Ｆ位置のワークは、その円柱面を仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃによって仕上研削される。
図示の寸法ｄはワークの形状寸法に応じて適宜に設定すれば良い。
粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃとの間には小径の部分が形成され、両者の間に空間が形成されている。その間隔寸法Ｄについては、後に図５を参照して説明するが、やや大きめに設定しておくことが望ましい。
At the time of finish grinding in the second step, the workpiece is moved to the left as indicated by arrow F instead of moving the grinding wheel linking body 4 forward (moving to the right), and the adjustment wheel is adjusted to the position 3F indicated by the solid line. Move to the left and adjust to the
As a result, the workpiece at the 3F position is finish-grinded by the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c.
The illustrated dimension d may be appropriately set according to the shape dimension of the workpiece.
A small-diameter portion is formed between the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c, and a space is formed between the two. The interval dimension D will be described later with reference to FIG. 5, but it is desirable to set it to be slightly larger.
本発明装置における研削砥石連結体４には、複数の研削面が形成されるので、これらを好都合にドレッシングする技術を開発しておかないと、せっかくの本発明装置を実用に供することができない。そこで、以上に説明した１サイクル２工程の研削技術と表裏一体の技術として、研削砥石連結体のドレッシングについて説明する。
図４は、本発明の１実施形態における研削砥石連結体とロータリドレッサ５とを対向させ、ロータリドレッサを切断して描いた模式的な側面図である。
Since a plurality of grinding surfaces are formed on the grinding wheel linking body 4 in the apparatus of the present invention, it is impossible to put the apparatus of the present invention into practical use unless a technique for dressing them conveniently is developed. Therefore, dressing of a grindstone linked body will be described as a technology that is integrated with the grinding technology in one cycle and two steps described above and the front and back.
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view drawn by cutting the rotary dresser with the grindstone linked body and the rotary dresser 5 facing each other in one embodiment of the present invention.
符号Ｐを付して示したのは、研削砥石連結体４の粗研削砥石をドレッシングするためのプランジ用形状部である。また、符号Ｔを付して示したのは仕上研削砥石をドレッシングするためのトラバース用形状部分である。これら二つの形状部分付近の拡大詳細図を図５に掲げる。
（図５参照）通常、ドレッサ５を矢印ａのように研削砥石連結体４に向けて接近させ、接触させると、粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂとが同時にプランジドレスされる。このようにして、研削砥石連結体４を構成している粗研削砥石を迅速容易にドレッシングすることができる。
本例においては、ドレッサの位置を固定して、研削砥石連結体４をＸ，Ｚ同時２軸送りによって、矢印ａ´のようにテーパ形状に合わせて移動させてドレスした。
The reference numeral P indicates a plunge shape portion for dressing the coarse grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body 4. Also, the reference numeral T indicates a traverse shape portion for dressing the finish grinding wheel. FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detailed view near these two shape portions.
(See FIG. 5) Normally, when the dresser 5 is brought close to and brought into contact with the grinding wheel linking body 4 as indicated by an arrow a, the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and the rough grinding wheel conical surface 4b are simultaneously plunge-dressed. . In this way, the rough grinding wheel constituting the grinding wheel linking body 4 can be quickly and easily dressed.
In this example, the dresser position is fixed, and the grindstone linked body 4 is moved by X and Z simultaneous biaxial feed so as to move according to the taper shape as indicated by the arrow a 'and dress.
上述のようにして、プランジ用形状Ｐで粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと粗研削砥石円錐面４ｂとをプランジドレスする際、トラバース用形状Ｔは「粗研削砥石円柱面４ａと仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃとの間の空間（間隔寸法Ｄ）内に入り込み、仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃを傷つけることが無い。
この図５から容易に理解されるように、ドレッサ５のトラバース用形状Ｔの軸心方向寸法Ｗは、前記の間隔寸法Ｄよりも小さく設定しておく。
As described above, when the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and the rough grinding wheel conical surface 4b are plunge-dressed with the plunge shape P, the traverse shape T is "rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4a and finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c. And the space (space interval D) is not damaged, and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c is not damaged.
As can be easily understood from FIG. 5, the axial dimension W of the traverse shape T of the dresser 5 is set to be smaller than the interval dimension D.
図５において、通常、ドレッサ５を左方に送ってトラバース用形状Ｔを矢印ｔのようにトラバースさせると、仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃが精密にトラバースドレスされる。
上記のようにドレッサ５を図の左方へ移動させる代りに、本例においてはドレッサの位置を固定して、研削砥石連結体４を図の右方へ前進（矢印ｔ´）させる。
第１工程（粗研削）と第２工程（仕上研削）とを切り替えるために、研削砥石連結体４を軸心（Ｚ）方向に移動せしめ得るように構成したことが、仕上研削砥石円柱面４ｃのドレッシングにも役立っている。
In FIG. 5, normally, when the dresser 5 is sent to the left and the traverse shape T is traversed as indicated by the arrow t, the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4c is precisely traversed.
Instead of moving the dresser 5 to the left in the figure as described above, in this example, the position of the dresser is fixed, and the grindstone connecting body 4 is advanced to the right in the figure (arrow t ′).
In order to switch between the first step (rough grinding) and the second step (finish grinding), it is configured that the grindstone connecting body 4 can be moved in the axial center (Z) direction. It is also useful for dressing.
１…ブレード
２…調整砥石
３…ワーク
４…研削砥石連結体
４ａ…粗研削砥石円柱面
４ｂ…粗研削砥石円錐面
４ｃ…仕上研削砥石円柱面
５…ドレッサ
ａ…プランジドレス操作の方向を表す矢印
ａ´…粗研削砥石をドレスするために移動させる方向を表す矢印
Ｄ…粗研削砥石円柱面と仕上研削砥石円柱面との間隔寸法
ｄ…粗研削砥石円錐面と粗研削砥石円柱面との間隔寸法
Ｆ…ワーク及び調整砥石を移動させる仮想の方向を表す矢印
Ｌ…研削砥石連結体を移動させる寸法
Ｐ…プランジ用形状
Ｔ…トラバース用形状
ｔ…トラバースドレッシングの送り方向を表す矢印
ｔ´…仕上研削砥石をドレスするために移動させる方向を表す矢印
Ｗ…トラバース用形状の軸心方向寸法
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blade 2 ... Adjusting wheel 3 ... Workpiece 4 ... Grinding wheel coupling body 4a ... Coarse grinding wheel cylindrical surface 4b ... Coarse grinding wheel conical surface 4c ... Finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface 5 ... Dresser
a: arrow indicating the direction of plunge dressing operation a ′: arrow indicating the direction in which the coarse grinding wheel is moved D: distance between the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface and the finishing grinding wheel cylindrical surface d: rough grinding wheel cone Dimension of distance between surface and rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface F: Arrow indicating virtual direction for moving workpiece and adjusting wheel L: Dimension for moving grinding wheel assembly P: Plunge shape
T ... Traverse shape
t: an arrow indicating the traverse dressing feed direction t ′: an arrow indicating the direction in which the finish grinding wheel is moved for dressing W: axial dimension of the traverse shape
Claims (8)
粗研削用の砥石と仕上研削用の砥石とが、Ｚ軸に関して同心に一体的に連結されて研削砥石連結体（４）を形成しており、
かつ上記研削砥石連結体が、Ｚ軸方向に、所定の寸法だけ往復駆動されるようになっていることを特徴とする、２工程連続研削装置。 In the centerless grinding machine, assuming a Z axis parallel to the grinding wheel axis,
The grindstone for rough grinding and the grindstone for finish grinding are integrally connected concentrically with respect to the Z axis to form a grindstone linked body (4),
The two-stage continuous grinding apparatus is characterized in that the grinding wheel linking body is reciprocated by a predetermined dimension in the Z-axis direction.
このドレッサに、前記粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）および粗研削砥石円錐面（４ｂ）をプランジドレスするプランジ用形状（Ｐ）と、
前記仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）をトラバースドレスするトラバース形状（Ｔ）とが設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項１ないし請求項３の何れかに記載した２工程連続研削装置。 The grinding wheel connector (4) includes a dresser (5),
A plunge shape (P) for plunge-dressing the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and the rough grinding wheel conical surface (4b) to the dresser;
The two-step continuous grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a traverse shape (T) for traversing the cylindrical surface (4c) of the finish grinding wheel is provided.
前記プランジ用形状（Ｐ）を粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）に接触させたとき、該トラバース形状（Ｔ）が、「粗研削砥石円柱面（４ａ）と仕上研削砥石円柱面（４ｃ）との間」に入り込んで、研削砥石に干渉しないようになっていることを特徴とする、請求項４に記載した２工程連続研削装置。 The Z-axis direction dimension of the traverse shape (T) is smaller than the interval dimension D,
When the shape for plunge (P) is brought into contact with the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a), the traverse shape (T) is "the rough grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4a) and the finish grinding wheel cylindrical surface (4c). The two-step continuous grinding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the two-stage continuous grinding apparatus is configured so as not to interfere with the grinding wheel.
予め、「粗研削砥石と仕上研削砥石とを同心に結合した研削砥石連結体４」を構成しておき、
ブレード（１）と調整砥石（２）とでワーク（３）を支承して、
研削砥石連結体（４）の粗研削砥石で粗研削を行ない、
粗研削されたワークをブレードと調整砥石とで支承したまま、研削砥石連結体（４）を軸心（Ｚ）方向に移動させ、
該研削砥石連結体（４）の仕上研削砥石によって仕上研削を行なうことを特徴とする、２工程連続研削方法。 When performing two steps of rough grinding and finish grinding with a centerless grinding machine,
In advance, a "grinding wheel linking body 4 in which a rough grinding wheel and a finishing grinding wheel are concentrically coupled" is configured,
The work (3) is supported by the blade (1) and the adjusting grindstone (2).
Rough grinding is performed with the rough grinding wheel of the grinding wheel connector (4).
While the coarsely ground workpiece is supported by the blade and the adjusting grindstone, the grindstone connecting body (4) is moved in the axial center (Z) direction,
A two-step continuous grinding method, wherein finish grinding is performed with a finish grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body (4).
仕上研削砥石によって仕上研削を行なう際、前工程で粗研削された円柱面を仕上研削することを特徴とする、請求項６に記載した２工程連続研削方法。 When performing rough grinding with the rough grinding wheel of the grindstone linked body (4), the cylindrical surface and the tapered surface of the workpiece are ground simultaneously.
The two-step continuous grinding method according to claim 6, wherein when the finish grinding is performed by the finish grinding wheel, the cylindrical surface coarsely ground in the previous step is finish-ground.
予め、「プランジ用形状（Ｐ）とトラバース用形状（Ｔ）とを有するドレッサ（５）」を構成しておき、
上記ドレッサのプランジ用形状（Ｐ）によって研削砥石連結体の粗研削砥石をプランジドレスし、
該ドレッサのトラバース用形状（Ｔ）によって研削砥石連結体の仕上研削砥石をトラバースドレスすることを特徴とする、請求項６または請求項７に記載した２工程連続研削方法。 When dressing the grindstone linked body (4),
In advance, a “dresser (5) having a plunge shape (P) and a traverse shape (T)” is configured,
Plunge dress the rough grinding wheel of the grinding wheel linking body by the shape (P) for the plunge of the dresser,
The two-step continuous grinding method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the finish grinding wheel of the grindstone linked body is traversed by the traverse shape (T) of the dresser.
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| JP5423301B2 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2014-02-19 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Dresser for internal gear type grinding wheel and dressing method |
| CN108747603B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-05-07 | 山东大学 | The coarse-fine of non-rotating optical array integrates progressive method for grinding |
| CN117564830A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-20 | 邢台永庆轴承有限公司 | Bearing ring grinding device and grinding process |
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