JP4520577B2 - Molecular membrane for taste inspection - Google Patents

Molecular membrane for taste inspection Download PDF

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JP4520577B2
JP4520577B2 JP2000096918A JP2000096918A JP4520577B2 JP 4520577 B2 JP4520577 B2 JP 4520577B2 JP 2000096918 A JP2000096918 A JP 2000096918A JP 2000096918 A JP2000096918 A JP 2000096918A JP 4520577 B2 JP4520577 B2 JP 4520577B2
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lipid
taste
membrane
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molecular
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JP2001281203A (en
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秀和 池崎
理江子 東久保
義和 小林
悦伸 内藤
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株式会社インテリジェントセンサーテクノロジー
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、味の検査に用いられる分子膜において、塩味、酸味および旨味に対する選択応答性を高くするための技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
味の検査を行うために、脂質等からなる分子膜をセンサとして用いる方法が従来から提案されている。
【0003】
このような目的で使用されている従来の味検査用分子膜は、PVC(例えばポリ塩化ビニル)等の高分子材と、脂質(例えば第四級アンモニウム塩)等の両親媒性物質または苦味物質と、可塑材とを所定の割合で混合して膜状に形成したものであり、液に浸けたときにその液内の味物質に応じて膜電位が変化する。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の分子膜の応答特性は、一般的に各味物質に対してそれぞれ顕著な選択性を有しておらず、複数の味物質が含まれている液体に対して特定の味物質のみを一つの分子膜で検出することは困難である。
【0005】
このため、従来では、特性が異なる複数の分子膜を用いて同一の検査対象を測定し、得られた複数の測定結果から検査対象に含まれる各味物質の量等を解析するという極めて煩雑な作業が必要であった。
【0006】
本発明は、この問題を解決して、特に塩味、酸味および旨味に対して選択的な応答性をもつ味検査用分子膜を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項1の分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質と混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質としてマイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPのみ1000mg以上の割合で含まれるか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが200mg以下の割合で含まれていることを特徴としており、塩味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示す。
【0008】
また、本発明の請求項2の分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質として電荷をもつ脂質のみが10〜150mgの割合で含まれ、該電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれているか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが150mg以下の割合で含まれていることを特徴としており、酸味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示す。
【0009】
また、本発明の請求項3の分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対し、前記脂質として電荷をもつ脂質が2000〜3000mg、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが400mg以上の割合で含まれ、且つ、前記電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれていることを特徴としており、旨味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示す。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
本願発明者らは、従来の味検査用分子膜を構成する脂質、可塑剤の極性、量等を種々変えて各味物質に対する応答性を調べるという実験を行い、これまで選択的な応答性が得られなかった塩味物質、酸味物質および旨味物質に対してそれぞれ顕著な応答性を示す味検査用分子膜を得ることができた。
【0011】
以下、この実験の方法および実験結果について説明する。
図1は、この実験を行うためのシステムを示している。
【0012】
このシステムは、基準液やサンプル液等を入れるための容器11と、参照電極12と、分子膜センサ15と、電位差を検出するための電圧検出器20と、電圧検出器20の出力をディジタル値に変換するA/D変換器21と、A/D変換器21の出力に対する記憶、演算等の処理を行うための演算装置22と、演算装置22の処理結果を出力する出力装置23とによって構成されている。
【0013】
参照電極12は、分子膜の電位測定の基準電位を出力するためのものであり、その表面は、KCl(塩化カリウム)100mmolを寒天で固定した緩衝層13で覆われており、上端にリード線12aが接続されている。
【0014】
また、分子膜センサ15は、アクリル等の基材16の表面に分子膜17がその一面側を露呈させた状態で固定されており、分子膜17の反対面には、参照電極12の緩衝層13と同等の緩衝層18を介して電極19が設けられており、電極19にリード線15aが接続されている。
【0015】
この分子膜17としては、予備実験段階で前記したように脂質、可塑剤の成分、極性、量等が異なる多数のものを用いている。
【0016】
例えば、高分子材としてはPVC(ポリ塩化ビニル)を用い、電荷をもつ脂質としては、マイナス電荷のDOP(ジオクチルフォスフェイト)、プラス電荷のTOMA(トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムクロリド)を用い、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤)としては、DOPP(ジオクチルフェニルフォスフォネート)を用いている。
【0017】
そして、これらの多種の分子膜は、分子膜のベースとなる高分子材PVC800mgと脂質および可塑剤を混合したものを、THFに溶解し、平底の容器に移し、これを均一な加熱されたプレート上で約30度Cに2時間保ってTHFを揮散させることで、所定厚(約200μm)の膜にしたものを用いている。
【0018】
電圧検出器20は、参照電極12の電位を基準として分子膜17の膜電位を検出してA/D変換器21に出力する。A/D変換器21はこの膜電位をディジタル値に変換して演算装置22に出力し、演算装置22は、入力値に対する記憶、演算処理等を行い、その処理結果を出力装置23に出力する。
【0019】
次に、このシステムを用いて、各味物質に対する分子膜17の応答特性を測定する手順について説明する。
【0020】
測定に先立って、次の基準液、サンプル液および洗浄液を用意した。
基準液:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)
塩味サンプル液:KCl(300mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)
酸味サンプル液:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(3.0mM)
旨味サンプル液:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)+MSG(10mM)
苦味サンプル液1:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)+塩酸キニーネ(0.1mM)
苦味サンプル液2:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)+イソα酸(0.01%)
渋味サンプル液:KCl(30mM)+酒石酸(0.3mM)+タンニン酸(0.05%)
洗浄液1:エタノール(30%)+HCl(100mM)
洗浄液2:エタノール(30%)
【0021】
ここで、各サンプル液は、人が感じる領域の中間の濃度となるように設定している。また、洗浄液1と洗浄液2とは、分子膜の種類で使い分けるためのものであり、脂質がDOPだけの分子膜に対しては洗浄液1を用い、脂質がDOPとTOMAとを含む分子膜に対しては洗浄液2を用いている。
【0022】
上記各サンプル液に対する測定は、図2に示すように、始めに分子膜センサ15を基準電極12とともに基準液に浸けて、そのときの膜電位Vaを測定して記憶し(S1)、次に、分子膜センサ15を基準電極12とともにサンプル液に浸けて、そのときの膜電位Vbを測定して記憶し(S2)、その電位差ΔV=Vb−Vaを求めて記憶し(S3)、分子膜センサ15と参照電極12とを洗浄する(S4)という処理を同一サンプル液に対して複数回(ここでは5回)繰り返し(S5)、電位差ΔVの平均値を求め(S6)てから、次のサンプル液に対しても同様の処理を行う(S7)。
【0023】
上記処理を、前記したように分子膜17の脂質の種類、量、可塑剤の量等を種々変えて測定した予備実験の結果から、以下のことが判明した。
【0024】
(1)高分子材800mgに対し、電荷をもつ脂質(DOP)の量を1000mg以上に、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量を0〜200mgにした場合、塩味に対する応答性が他の味より格段に高くなる。
【0025】
(2)高分子材800mgに対し、プラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)とマイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)とをほぼ同量含む電荷をもつ脂質の量を10〜150mgにし、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量を0〜150mgにした場合、酸味に対する応答性が他の味より格段に高くなる。
【0026】
(3)高分子材800mgに対し、プラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)とマイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)とをほぼ同量含む電荷をもつ脂質の量を2000〜3000mgにし、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量を400mg以上にした場合、旨味に対する応答性が他の味より格段に高くなる。
【0027】
以下に、その典型例を説明する。
図3は、高分子材800mgに、マイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)100mgと電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)1000μlとを混合して形成した従来の分子膜(以下、従来膜1という)の前記各サンプル液に対する応答性を示している。図3から明らかなように、この従来膜1は、塩味、酸味、旨味および苦味1に対して有効な感度を有し、特定の味物質に対する選択的な応答性を有していない。
【0028】
図4は、図3に示した特性の従来膜1に対し、マイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)の量を2000mgまで増加し、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量をゼロまで減少させた本発明の実施の形態の分子膜(以下、塩味用膜という)の前記各サンプル液に対する応答性を示している。
【0029】
図3と図4とを比較すると、この塩味用膜は、塩味に対して従来膜1の1.4倍に感度が上がり、酸味に対して従来膜1の約1/3、旨味について従来膜1の約1/4、苦味1に対して従来膜1の約1/7、苦味2および渋味に対して従来膜1の約1/3に感度が低下しており、塩味の測定値の絶対値が、他の味の測定値の絶対値に比べて格段に大きく、塩味に対して非常に高い選択応答性を示していることが判る。
【0030】
なお、この塩味用膜の選択応答性は、電荷をもつ脂質(DOP)の量が1000mg以上の範囲でも維持され、1000mgより少なくすると酸味に対する感度が上がり、また、電荷をもたない脂質(DOPP)を200mgより多くすると苦味に対する感度が上がり、塩味に対する選択性が低下することが、前記予備実験で確認されている。
【0031】
したがって、前記したように、高分子材PVC800mgに対し、電荷をもつ脂質DOPを1000mg以上、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPを0〜200mgの割合で混合したものが塩味用の分子膜として好適である。
【0032】
図5は、高分子材800mgに、マイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)100mgとプラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)80mg、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)1000μlとを混合して形成した従来の分子膜(以下、従来膜2という)の前記各サンプル液に対する応答性を示している。この従来膜2は、酸味、旨味、苦味2および渋味に対して有効な感度を有し、特定の味物質に対する選択的な応答性を有していない。
【0033】
図6は、図5に示した特性の従来膜2に対して、マイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)およびプラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)の量をともに50mgまで減らし、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量を100mgにした本発明の実施の形態の分子膜(以下、酸味用膜という)の前記各サンプル液に対する応答性を示している。
【0034】
図5と図6とを比較すると、酸味用膜は、酸味に対して従来膜2より若干感度が低下しているが、塩味に対しては感度がほとんどなく、旨味に対して従来膜2の約1/10、苦味1に対して従来膜2の約1/2、苦味2に対して従来膜2の約1/4、渋味に対して従来膜2の約1/30に感度が低下しており、酸味の測定値の絶対値が、他の味の測定値の絶対値に比べて格段に大きく、酸味に対して非常に高い選択応答性を示していることが判る。
【0035】
この酸味用膜の選択応答性は、プラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)とマイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)とが、電荷をもつ脂質全体の40〜60パーセントずつ含まれていて、且つ、電荷をもつ脂質全体の量が10〜150mgの範囲で維持され、プラス電荷とマイナス電荷の脂質の比率が前記範囲をはずれたり脂質全体の量が150mgより多くなると前記選択応答性が低下することが前記予備実験で確認されている。
【0036】
したがって、前記したように、高分子材PVC800mgに対して、電荷をもつ脂質が10〜150mg、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが0〜150mgの割合で含まれ、且つ、電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれているものが酸味用の分子膜として好適である。
【0037】
また、図7は、前記従来膜2に対して、マイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)の量を1000mg、プラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)の量を800mgまで増やした分子膜(以下、旨味用膜という)の前記各サンプル液に対する応答性を示している。
【0038】
図5と図7とを比較すると、旨味用膜は、旨味に対して従来膜2より若干感度が高くなり、塩味に対しては感度がほとんどなく、酸味および苦味1に対して従来膜2とほぼ同じ、苦味2に対して従来膜2の約1/5、渋味に対して従来膜2の約1/30に感度が低下しており、旨味の測定値の絶対値が、他の味の測定値の絶対値に比べて格段に大きく、旨味に対して非常に高い選択応答性を示していることが判る。
【0039】
この旨味用膜の選択的な応答性は、プラス電荷の脂質(TOMA)とマイナス電荷の脂質(DOP)とが、電荷をもつ脂質全体の40〜60パーセントずつ含まれていて、且つ、電荷をもつ脂質全体の量が2000〜3000mg(3000mg以上は膜化できず未確認)の範囲であって、しかも、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量が400mg以上含まれているときに維持され、プラス電荷とマイナス電荷の脂質の比率が前記範囲からはずれたり、脂質全体の量が2000mgより少なくなったり、電荷をもたない脂質(可塑剤DOPP)の量が400mgより少なくとなる前記した選択応答性が低下することが前記予備実験で確認されている。
【0040】
したがって、前記したように、高分子材PVC800mgに対し、電荷をもつ脂質が2000〜3000mg、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが400mg以上の割合で含まれ、且つ、電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれているものが旨味用の分子膜として好適である。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の請求項1の味検査用分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質と混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質としてマイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPのみ1000mg以上の割合で含まれるか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが200mg以下の割合で含まれ、塩味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示すため、塩味物質を他の味物質の影響を受けることなく検出することができる。
【0043】
また、本発明の請求項2の味検査用分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質として電荷をもつ脂質のみが10〜150mgの割合で含まれ、該電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれているか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが150mg以下の割合で含まれ、塩味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示すため、酸味物質を他の味物質の影響を受けることなく検出することができる。
【0044】
また、本発明の請求項3の味検査用分子膜は、
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対し、前記脂質として電荷をもつ脂質が2000〜3000mg、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが400mg以上の割合で含まれ、且つ、前記電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれ、旨味物質に対して顕著な応答性を示すため、旨味物質を他の味物質の影響を受けることなく検出することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実験に用いたシステムの構成を示す図
【図2】実験の手順を示すフローチャート
【図3】従来の分子膜の特性を示す図
【図4】実施形態の分子膜の特性を示す図
【図5】従来の分子膜の特性を示す図
【図6】実施形態の分子膜の特性を示す図
【図7】実施形態の分子膜の特性を示す図
【符号の説明】
11 容器
12 参照電極
13 緩衝層
15 分子膜センサ
16 基材
17 味検査用分子膜
18 緩衝層
19 電極
20 電圧検出器
21 A/D変換器
22 演算装置
23 出力装置
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for increasing selective responsiveness to salty, sour and umami in a molecular film used for taste inspection.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to inspect the taste, a method of using a molecular film made of lipid or the like as a sensor has been conventionally proposed.
[0003]
Conventional taste-inspecting molecular films used for such purposes include polymer materials such as PVC (eg, polyvinyl chloride) and amphipathic or bitter substances such as lipids (eg, quaternary ammonium salts). And a plastic material mixed at a predetermined ratio to form a film, and when immersed in a liquid, the film potential changes according to the taste substance in the liquid.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the response characteristics of conventional molecular membranes generally do not have significant selectivity for each taste substance, and only a specific taste substance for a liquid containing multiple taste substances. It is difficult to detect a single molecular film.
[0005]
For this reason, conventionally, it is extremely complicated to measure the same test object using a plurality of molecular films having different characteristics and analyze the amount of each taste substance contained in the test object from the obtained measurement results. Work was necessary.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to solve this problem and provide a molecular film for taste inspection having selective responsiveness particularly to salty taste, sour taste and umami taste.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the molecular film of claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a membrane by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
In addition to 800 mg of the polymer material PVC , only lipid DOP having a negative charge as the lipid is included in a ratio of 1000 mg or more , or in addition, lipid DOPP having no charge is included in a ratio of 200 mg or less. It is characterized by being responsive to salty substances.
[0008]
The molecular film according to claim 2 of the present invention is
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a film by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
To the polymeric material PVC 800 mg, only lipids having a charge as the lipid is in a ratio of 10-150 mg, the lipid having the charge, lipid TOMA 40-60 percent with a positive charge, negative The lipid DOP having the following charge is contained at a ratio of 60 to 40 percent , or the lipid DOPP having no charge is further contained at a ratio of 150 mg or less, and the sour substance Remarkable responsiveness is shown.
[0009]
The molecular film according to claim 3 of the present invention is
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a film by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
With respect to the polymer material PVC 800 mg, lipids having a charge as the lipid 2000~3000Mg, lipid DOPP with no charge is in a ratio of more than 4 200 mg, and, the lipid having the charge is positive It is characterized by containing 40 to 60 percent of lipid TOMA having a charge and 60 to 40 percent of lipid DOP having a negative charge, and exhibits a remarkable response to umami substances.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The inventors of the present application conducted experiments to examine the responsiveness to each taste substance by changing the polarity, amount, etc. of lipids and plasticizers constituting the conventional molecular membrane for taste inspection. It was possible to obtain a taste-inspecting molecular film showing remarkable responsiveness to the salty substance, sour substance and umami substance which were not obtained.
[0011]
Hereinafter, the method and experimental results of this experiment will be described.
FIG. 1 shows a system for performing this experiment.
[0012]
This system includes a container 11 for containing a reference solution, a sample solution, etc., a reference electrode 12, a molecular film sensor 15, a voltage detector 20 for detecting a potential difference, and an output of the voltage detector 20 as a digital value. An A / D converter 21 for converting to an A / D converter, a calculation device 22 for performing processing such as storage and calculation for the output of the A / D converter 21, and an output device 23 for outputting the processing result of the calculation device 22 Has been.
[0013]
The reference electrode 12 is for outputting a reference potential for measuring the potential of the molecular film. The surface of the reference electrode 12 is covered with a buffer layer 13 in which 100 mmol of KCl (potassium chloride) is fixed with agar. 12a is connected.
[0014]
In addition, the molecular film sensor 15 is fixed to the surface of a base material 16 such as acrylic with the molecular film 17 exposed on one side, and the buffer layer of the reference electrode 12 is disposed on the opposite surface of the molecular film 17. An electrode 19 is provided via a buffer layer 18 equivalent to 13, and a lead wire 15 a is connected to the electrode 19.
[0015]
As the molecular film 17, as described above in the preliminary experimental stage, a number of films having different lipids, plasticizer components, polarities, amounts and the like are used.
[0016]
For example, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is used as the polymer material, DOP (dioctyl phosphate) having a negative charge and TOMA (trioctylmethylammonium chloride) having a positive charge are used as the charged lipid, As a fragile lipid (plasticizer), DOPP (dioctylphenyl phosphonate) is used.
[0017]
These various molecular membranes are prepared by dissolving 800 mg of the polymer material PVC, which is the base of the molecular membrane, and a lipid and a plasticizer, dissolved in THF, and transferred to a flat-bottomed container. A film having a predetermined thickness (about 200 μm) is used by volatilizing THF by keeping it at about 30 ° C. for 2 hours.
[0018]
The voltage detector 20 detects the membrane potential of the molecular film 17 on the basis of the potential of the reference electrode 12 and outputs it to the A / D converter 21. The A / D converter 21 converts the membrane potential into a digital value and outputs the digital value to the arithmetic device 22. The arithmetic device 22 performs storage, arithmetic processing, etc. on the input value, and outputs the processing result to the output device 23. .
[0019]
Next, a procedure for measuring the response characteristics of the molecular film 17 with respect to each taste substance using this system will be described.
[0020]
Prior to measurement, the following reference solution, sample solution and cleaning solution were prepared.
Standard solution: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM)
Salty sample solution: KCl (300 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM)
Sour sample solution: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (3.0 mM)
Umami sample solution: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM) + MSG (10 mM)
Bitter sample solution 1: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM) + quinine hydrochloride (0.1 mM)
Bitter sample solution 2: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM) + isoalpha acid (0.01%)
Astringency sample solution: KCl (30 mM) + tartaric acid (0.3 mM) + tannic acid (0.05%)
Washing solution 1: ethanol (30%) + HCl (100 mM)
Washing solution 2: Ethanol (30%)
[0021]
Here, each sample solution is set so as to have an intermediate concentration in a region felt by a person. The cleaning liquid 1 and the cleaning liquid 2 are used for different types of molecular films. The cleaning liquid 1 is used for a molecular film containing only DOP lipid, and the molecular film containing DOP and TOMA for lipid. In this case, the cleaning liquid 2 is used.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement for each sample solution is performed by first immersing the molecular membrane sensor 15 in the reference solution together with the reference electrode 12, and measuring and storing the membrane potential Va at that time (S1). Then, the molecular membrane sensor 15 is immersed in the sample solution together with the reference electrode 12, the membrane potential Vb at that time is measured and stored (S2), and the potential difference ΔV = Vb−Va is obtained and stored (S3). The process of washing the sensor 15 and the reference electrode 12 (S4) is repeated a plurality of times (here, 5 times) for the same sample solution (S5) (S5), and the average value of the potential difference ΔV is obtained (S6). The same process is performed on the sample liquid (S7).
[0023]
As described above, the following was found from the results of preliminary experiments in which the treatment described above was performed by varying the type and amount of lipid in the molecular film 17 and the amount of plasticizer.
[0024]
(1) When the amount of charged lipid (DOP) is 1000 mg or more and the amount of non-charged lipid (plasticizer DOPP) is 0 to 200 mg with respect to 800 mg of the polymer material, the response to salty taste is Much higher than other flavors.
[0025]
(2) With respect to 800 mg of the polymer material, the amount of lipid having a charge containing almost the same amount of positively charged lipid (TOMA) and negatively charged lipid (DOP) is changed to 10 to 150 mg, and lipid having no charge ( When the amount of the plasticizer DOPP) is 0 to 150 mg, the responsiveness to sourness is remarkably higher than other tastes.
[0026]
(3) With respect to 800 mg of the polymer material, the amount of lipid having a charge containing almost the same amount of positively charged lipid (TOMA) and negatively charged lipid (DOP) is set to 2000 to 3000 mg, and the lipid having no charge ( When the amount of the plasticizer DOPP) is 400 mg or more, the responsiveness to umami is significantly higher than other tastes.
[0027]
A typical example will be described below.
FIG. 3 shows a conventional molecular film formed by mixing 800 mg of a polymer material with 100 mg of negatively charged lipid (DOP) and 1000 μl of non-charged lipid (plasticizer DOPP) (hereinafter referred to as conventional film 1). The responsiveness with respect to each said sample liquid is shown. As is apparent from FIG. 3, this conventional membrane 1 has effective sensitivity to salty, sour, umami and bitterness 1 and does not have selective responsiveness to specific taste substances.
[0028]
FIG. 4 shows that the amount of negatively charged lipid (DOP) is increased to 2000 mg and the amount of uncharged lipid (plasticizer DOPP) is decreased to zero with respect to the conventional membrane 1 having the characteristics shown in FIG. In addition, the responsiveness of the molecular film according to the embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a salty taste film) to each sample solution is shown.
[0029]
Comparing FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, this salty membrane has a sensitivity that is 1.4 times higher than that of the conventional membrane 1 with respect to saltiness, and is about 1/3 that of the conventional membrane 1 with respect to acidity, and the conventional membrane with respect to umami. The sensitivity is reduced to about 1/4 of the conventional film 1 with respect to the bitter taste 1, about 1/7 of the conventional film 1, and about 1/3 of the conventional film 1 with respect to the bitter taste 2 and astringency. It can be seen that the absolute value is much larger than the absolute values of the other taste measurements, indicating a very high selective response to salty taste.
[0030]
The selective responsiveness of the salty taste membrane is maintained even when the amount of charged lipid (DOP) is in the range of 1000 mg or more. When the amount is less than 1000 mg, the sensitivity to acidity increases, and the lipid (DOPP without charge) ) Above 200 mg, the sensitivity to bitterness is increased and the selectivity to salty taste is confirmed in the preliminary experiment.
[0031]
Therefore, as described above, a mixture of charged lipid DOP of 1000 mg or more and non-charged lipid DOPP at a ratio of 0 to 200 mg with respect to 800 mg of the polymer material PVC is suitable as a molecular film for salty taste. is there.
[0032]
FIG. 5 shows a conventional molecule formed by mixing 800 mg of a polymer material with 100 mg of negatively charged lipid (DOP), 80 mg of positively charged lipid (TOMA), and 1000 μl of lipid without charge (plasticizer DOPP). The responsiveness of the membrane (hereinafter referred to as the conventional membrane 2) to each sample solution is shown. This conventional membrane 2 has effective sensitivity to sourness, umami, bitterness 2 and astringency, and does not have selective response to a specific taste substance.
[0033]
FIG. 6 shows that the amount of the negatively charged lipid (DOP) and the positively charged lipid (TOMA) are both reduced to 50 mg with respect to the conventional membrane 2 having the characteristics shown in FIG. The responsiveness with respect to each said sample liquid of the molecular film (henceforth an acidity film | membrane) of embodiment of this invention which made the quantity of DOPP) 100 mg is shown.
[0034]
Comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the sourness film is slightly less sensitive to sourness than the conventional film 2, but has little sensitivity to salty taste, and the sourness film has no sensitivity to the umami. Sensitivity is reduced to about 1/10, bitterness 1 to about 1/2 of conventional membrane 2, bitterness 2 to about 1/4 of conventional membrane 2, and astringency to about 1/30 of conventional membrane 2. Thus, it can be seen that the absolute value of the measurement value of sourness is much larger than the absolute value of the measurement value of other tastes, indicating very high selective response to sourness.
[0035]
The selective responsiveness of the sour film is such that positively charged lipid (TOMA) and negatively charged lipid (DOP) are contained in an amount of 40 to 60 percent of the total charged lipid, and the charged lipid. In the preliminary experiment, the total amount is maintained in the range of 10 to 150 mg, and the selective responsiveness decreases when the ratio of the positively charged and negatively charged lipids is out of the above range or the total amount of lipids exceeds 150 mg. It has been confirmed.
[0036]
Therefore, as described above, with respect to the polymer material PVC 800 mg, the charged lipid contains 10 to 150 mg of lipid and the non- charged lipid DOPP of 0 to 150 mg, and the charged lipid includes A membrane containing 40 to 60 percent of lipid TOMA having a positive charge and 60 to 40 percent of lipid DOP having a negative charge is suitable as a molecular membrane for acidity.
[0037]
FIG. 7 shows a molecular film (hereinafter referred to as an umami film) in which the amount of negatively charged lipid (DOP) is increased to 1000 mg and the amount of positively charged lipid (TOMA) is increased to 800 mg with respect to the conventional membrane 2. The responsiveness with respect to each said sample liquid is shown.
[0038]
Comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the umami film is slightly more sensitive to umami than the conventional film 2, has little sensitivity to salty taste, and the conventional film 2 to acidity and bitterness 1. The sensitivity is almost the same, about 1/5 of the conventional film 2 for bitterness 2 and about 1/30 of the conventional film 2 for astringency, and the absolute value of the measured value of umami is the other taste. It can be seen that it is much larger than the absolute value of the measured value and shows a very high selective response to umami.
[0039]
The selective responsiveness of this umami membrane is that positively charged lipid (TOMA) and negatively charged lipid (DOP) are contained in an amount of 40 to 60 percent of the total charged lipid, and the charge is reduced. Maintained when the total amount of lipids is in the range of 2000 to 3000 mg (3000 mg or more cannot be formed into membranes yet unconfirmed), and the amount of lipid without charge (plasticizer DOPP) is 400 mg or more. As described above, the ratio of the positively charged lipid to the negatively charged lipid is out of the above range, the total amount of lipid is less than 2000 mg, or the amount of lipid without charge (plasticizer DOPP) is less than 400 mg. It has been confirmed in the preliminary experiment that the selective responsiveness is lowered.
[0040]
Therefore, as described above, with respect to the polymer material PVC 800 mg, the charged lipid contains 2000 to 3000 mg, and the non-charged lipid DOPP contains 400 mg or more, and the charged lipid includes What contains 40 to 60 percent of lipid TOMA having a positive charge and 60 to 40 percent of lipid DOP having a negative charge is suitable as a molecular membrane for umami.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, the molecular film for taste inspection according to claim 1 of the present invention is
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a membrane by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
In addition to 800 mg of the polymer material PVC , only lipid DOP having a negative charge as the lipid is included in a ratio of 1000 mg or more , or in addition, lipid DOPP having no charge is included in a ratio of 200 mg or less. Therefore, the salty substance can be detected without being influenced by other taste substances.
[0043]
Moreover, the molecular film for taste inspection according to claim 2 of the present invention is:
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a film by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
To the polymeric material PVC 800 mg, only lipids having a charge as the lipid is in a ratio of 10-150 mg, the lipid having the charge, lipid TOMA 40-60 percent with a positive charge, negative The lipid DOP with the following charge is contained in a ratio of 60 to 40 percent , or in addition, the lipid DOPP having no charge is contained in a ratio of 150 mg or less and has a remarkable responsiveness to a salty substance. As shown, the sour substance can be detected without being affected by other taste substances.
[0044]
Moreover, the molecular film for taste inspection according to claim 3 of the present invention is:
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a film by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
With respect to the polymer material PVC 800 mg, lipids having a charge as the lipid 2000~3000Mg, lipid DOPP with no charge is in a ratio of more than 4 200 mg, and, the lipid having the charge is positive Since the charged lipid TOMA is contained in a proportion of 40 to 60 percent and the negatively charged lipid DOP is contained in a proportion of 60 to 40 percent and exhibits a remarkable response to the umami substance, It can be detected without being affected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a system used in an experiment. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the experiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing characteristics of a conventional molecular film. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing characteristics of a conventional molecular film. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing characteristics of the molecular film of the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing characteristics of the molecular film of the embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Container 12 Reference electrode 13 Buffer layer 15 Molecular film sensor 16 Base material 17 Taste inspection molecular film 18 Buffer layer 19 Electrode 20 Voltage detector 21 A / D converter 22 Arithmetic device 23 Output device

Claims (3)

高分子材と脂質と混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質としてマイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPのみ1000mg以上の割合で含まれるか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが200mg以下の割合で含まれていることを特徴とする味検査用分子膜。
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a film by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
In addition to 800 mg of the polymer material PVC , only lipid DOP having a negative charge as the lipid is included in a ratio of 1000 mg or more , or in addition, lipid DOPP having no charge is included in a ratio of 200 mg or less. A molecular film for taste inspection characterized by
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対して、前記脂質として電荷をもつ脂質のみが10〜150mgの割合で含まれ、該電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれているか、あるいは、それに加えて電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが150mg以下の割合で含まれていることを特徴とする味検査用分子膜。
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a membrane by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
To the polymeric material PVC 800 mg, only lipids having a charge as the lipid is in a ratio of 10-150 mg, the lipid having the charge, lipid TOMA 40-60 percent with a positive charge, negative The lipid DOP having the electric charge of 60 to 40% is contained , or in addition, the lipid DOPP having no electric charge is contained in the proportion of 150 mg or less . Molecular film.
高分子材と脂質とを混合して膜状に形成され、液中の味物質によって膜電位が変化する味検査用分子膜において、
前記高分子材PVC800mgに対し、前記脂質には電荷をもつ脂質が2000〜3000mg、電荷をもたない脂質DOPPが400mg以上の割合で含まれ、且つ、前記電荷をもつ脂質には、プラスの電荷をもつ脂質TOMAが40〜60パーセント、マイナスの電荷をもつ脂質DOPが60〜40パーセントの割合で含まれていることを特徴とする味検査用分子膜。
In a molecular membrane for taste inspection, which is formed into a membrane by mixing a polymer material and lipid, and the membrane potential changes depending on the taste substance in the liquid,
With respect to 800 mg of the polymer material PVC , the lipid contains 2000 to 3000 mg of charged lipid and 400 mg or more of uncharged lipid DOPP , and the charged lipid contains plus A molecular membrane for taste testing, comprising 40 to 60 percent of lipid TOMA having a negative charge and 60 to 40 percent of lipid DOP having a negative charge.
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JPS6234044A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-02-14 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Chlorine ion selective electrode
JPH0354446A (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-03-08 Anritsu Corp Taste sensor and manufacture thereof
JPH04143650A (en) * 1990-10-04 1992-05-18 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd Polymer membrane for ion selective electrode and method for measuring concentration of anion
JPH075147A (en) * 1992-09-12 1995-01-10 Anritsu Corp Taste sensor and organic film therefor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61178654A (en) * 1985-01-31 1986-08-11 アー・ファウ・エル・アー・ゲー Ion sensitive membrane electrode
JPS6234044A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-02-14 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Chlorine ion selective electrode
JPH0354446A (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-03-08 Anritsu Corp Taste sensor and manufacture thereof
JPH04143650A (en) * 1990-10-04 1992-05-18 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd Polymer membrane for ion selective electrode and method for measuring concentration of anion
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