JP4516872B2 - Cleaning method with excellent degreasing and de-ironing properties - Google Patents
Cleaning method with excellent degreasing and de-ironing properties Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Description
本発明は鋼板、特にＳｉを１％以上含有する鋼板の洗浄方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for cleaning a steel plate, particularly a steel plate containing 1% or more of Si.
鋼板を連続的に製造する際には、例えば冷間圧延時には圧延油を使用するのが一般的である。しかしながら、圧延油などの油や圧延時の汚れが付着した状態で鋼板を焼鈍すると、油の付着度合いによって表面に模様が付いたり、油が炉中で燃焼することによりすすが発生し、炉内を汚すといった不具合が生じることから、焼鈍前には鋼板を洗浄して脱脂する。 When manufacturing a steel plate continuously, it is common to use rolling oil, for example at the time of cold rolling. However, if steel sheets are annealed with oil such as rolling oil or dirt on rolling, the surface has a pattern depending on the degree of oil adhesion, or soot is generated when the oil burns in the furnace. Therefore, before annealing, the steel plate is washed and degreased.
上記鋼板の連続的な脱脂方法としては、アルカリ液に浸漬したり、アルカリ液をスプレーで噴霧したり（以下スプレー噴霧という）、アルカリ液をかけながらブラシにより擦ったり（以下ブラシ式洗浄という）、あるいは電解洗浄などがある。
このような洗浄方法は、求められる洗浄度が高くない場合や比較的軽い汚れの場合には単独で用いられるが、通常は組み合わせて使用されるのが一般的である。このような洗浄方法を組み合わせたものとして、特許文献５にはアルカリ浸漬、ブラシ式洗浄、電解洗浄さらにブラシ式洗浄を組み合わせた方法に関する技術が開示されている。上記公報はこれらの各洗浄方法の組み合わせにより極めて洗浄度の高い金属板を得る方法を示すものである。
As a continuous degreasing method for the steel sheet, it is immersed in an alkaline solution, sprayed with an alkaline solution (hereinafter referred to as spray spraying), rubbed with a brush while applying the alkaline solution (hereinafter referred to as brush-type cleaning), Or there is electrolytic cleaning.
Such cleaning methods are used singly when the required degree of cleaning is not high or when the soil is relatively light, but are usually used in combination. As a combination of such cleaning methods, Patent Document 5 discloses a technique relating to a method combining alkali dipping, brush cleaning, electrolytic cleaning, and brush cleaning. The above publication shows a method for obtaining a metal plate having a very high degree of cleaning by combining these cleaning methods.
しかしながら、各洗浄方式を組み合わせることで鋼板の洗浄度は当然高くなるものの、装置のコストが高くなったり、維持費がかかるようになるといった問題点がある。特許文献４には、アルカリ浸漬やブラシ式洗浄、電解洗浄装置を組み合わせ、さらに電解洗浄装置の電気量密度と電流密度を所定の関係に制御する技術が開示されている。上記公報は、洗浄装置が長大になり高額な建設費となるのは避け、かつランニングコストを削減し、ブラシの磨耗や鋼板表面に疵の無い脱脂方法を開示するものである。 However, although the cleaning degree of the steel sheet is naturally increased by combining each cleaning method, there is a problem that the cost of the apparatus is increased and the maintenance cost is increased. Patent Document 4 discloses a technique that combines alkali dipping, brush cleaning, and electrolytic cleaning apparatus, and further controls the electric quantity density and current density of the electrolytic cleaning apparatus to a predetermined relationship. The above publication discloses a degreasing method that avoids a long cleaning device and high construction costs, reduces running costs, and has no brush wear or flaws on the steel sheet surface.
さらに、特許文献３にはスプレー噴霧の噴射ノズルを対向する位置に配置しノズル間に電圧を印加することで、スプレー噴霧と電解洗浄を組み合わせさらにブラシ式洗浄を組み合わせる技術が開示されている。上記公報はスプレー噴霧と電解洗浄の効果を得るとともに洗浄装置の小型化、ランニングコストの低減といった現行方式の問題点を解決しようとするものである。 Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique in which spray spraying and electrolytic cleaning are combined and brush cleaning is further combined by disposing spray nozzles for spray spray at opposing positions and applying a voltage between the nozzles. The above publication seeks to solve the problems of the current system such as spray spraying and electrolytic cleaning, as well as downsizing the cleaning device and reducing running costs.
また、アルカリ洗浄液による鋼板の洗浄メカニズムの１つには、油分が洗浄液中のアルカリとケン化反応をすることで洗浄効果が得られるものであるが、ケン化反応によって生成する石鹸分が発泡するといった問題点がある。泡は連続的に鋼板を洗浄するために発生し続けて洗浄装置から溢れ出るため、洗浄液の減少やその処理コストがかさむといった問題が生じる。そこで、消泡剤を投入するとアルカリ洗浄液の洗浄性が低下したり、液の劣化が速まるといった原因となる。 In addition, one of the mechanisms for cleaning a steel sheet with an alkaline cleaning liquid is one in which a cleaning effect can be obtained by the saponification reaction of the oil with the alkali in the cleaning liquid, but the soap generated by the saponification reaction foams. There is a problem. Bubbles continue to be generated to continuously clean the steel plate and overflow from the cleaning device, resulting in a problem that the cleaning liquid is reduced and the processing cost is increased. Therefore, when an antifoaming agent is added, the cleaning property of the alkaline cleaning solution is lowered or the deterioration of the solution is accelerated.
特許文献１には、洗浄装置で発生した泡に対し、温度の低い洗浄液を噴射することで消泡する技術が開示されている。
さらに、特許文献２には、発泡したアルカリ洗浄液を貯留槽に貯留して洗浄液の上層部をオーバーフロータンクに導入し霧状水を噴霧することで消泡する技術が開示されている。
Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for defoaming by storing foamed alkaline cleaning liquid in a storage tank, introducing the upper layer of the cleaning liquid into an overflow tank, and spraying mist water.
しかしながら、Ｓｉが含有される鋼板ではこれまでの技術では、洗浄性が十分ではなかった。近年、高張力鋼板や電磁鋼板の需要が伸びており、これらの鋼板にはＳｉを含有するものが多いが、一般鋼に比べて圧延性が悪く冷間圧延時に発生する鉄粉が多くなるものである。これは、一般に鋼にＳｉが含有されると強度が上がるものの、脆くなる傾向があるためであり、Ｓｉ含有鋼の表面には非常に微細な凹凸が発生するため、表面が剥離して微細な鉄分となったり、凹部に油がトラップされるため洗浄性が低下する。 However, steel sheets containing Si have not been clean enough with conventional techniques. In recent years, the demand for high-strength steel sheets and electromagnetic steel sheets has increased, and these steel sheets contain a lot of Si, but they have poorer rollability than general steels and generate more iron powder during cold rolling. It is. This is because when steel contains Si, the strength increases, but it tends to become brittle. Since the surface of Si-containing steel has very fine irregularities, the surface peels off and becomes fine. Since it becomes iron or oil is trapped in the recesses, the cleaning performance is lowered.
したがって、従来の方法では十分洗浄することが困難であった。すなわち、特許文献４に開示された技術では十分な洗浄性が得られず、また、上記特許文献５に開示される技術では洗浄装置のコストが高く、メンテナンス費も高いといった問題点があった。これは上記公報に開示される技術が通常の鋼板を用いて開発されたためであり、さらに、界面活性剤等を増量し洗浄液の洗浄性を上げると発泡が激しく、特許文献１や特許文献２に開示された技術では、発生した泡を抑制できないといった問題点があった。 Therefore, it has been difficult to perform sufficient cleaning by the conventional method. That is, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 4 cannot obtain sufficient cleaning properties, and the technique disclosed in Patent Document 5 has a problem that the cost of the cleaning device is high and the maintenance cost is high. This is because the technology disclosed in the above publication has been developed using ordinary steel plates. Further, when the surfactant is increased and the cleaning performance of the cleaning liquid is increased, foaming is severe. The disclosed technology has a problem that the generated bubbles cannot be suppressed.
本発明は上記問題点について詳細な検討を行い、Ｓｉ含有鋼板について効果的な洗浄方法を提供するとともに、発生した泡を効果的に消泡することができる、脱脂性及び脱鉄粉性に優れた方法を提供するものである。 The present invention performs a detailed study on the above problems, provides an effective cleaning method for Si-containing steel sheets, and can effectively defoam the generated foam, and is excellent in degreasing and deironing powder properties. Provide a method.
上記課題を解決するための本発明の要旨は次の通りである。
（１）冷間圧延後のＳｉを１％以上含有する鋼板をアルカリ洗浄液を用いて油と鉄分を主成分とする汚れを洗浄する際に、あらかじめアルカリ洗浄液をスプレー噴霧した後、スプレー式電解洗浄を行い、続いてブラシ式洗浄を行い、最後に水洗洗浄することを特徴とする脱脂性、脱鉄粉性に優れた洗浄方法。
（２）上記洗浄に用いたアルカリ洗浄液を回収し循環利用する際に、中間タンクにて静置して泡を浮遊分離させた後、分離させた状態で循環タンクに流入させて泡を圧縮し減容した後分離することを特徴とする（１）記載の脱脂性、脱鉄粉性に優れた洗浄方法。
The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
(1) When washing steel sheets containing 1% or more of Si after cold rolling using an alkaline cleaning solution to clean dirt mainly composed of oil and iron, the alkaline cleaning solution is sprayed in advance, followed by spray electrolytic cleaning , Followed by brush cleaning, and finally washing with water. A cleaning method with excellent degreasing and deironing powder properties.
(2) When recovering and recycling the alkaline cleaning liquid used for the above washing, leave the foam in the middle tank to float and separate it, and then flow it into the circulation tank in a separated state to compress the foam. The cleaning method having excellent degreasing properties and deironing powder properties according to (1), wherein separation is performed after volume reduction.
本発明による洗浄方法を用いることにより、Ｓｉ含有量の高い洗浄の困難な鋼板であっても、効果的に油分、鉄分の除去が可能で良好な洗浄性が得られるとともに、かつ消泡効果も大きいことから長時間にわたり連続して操業することが可能である。しかも、スプレー式電解装置を用いているのでコンパクトな設備でメンテナンス費用も抑制でき、さらに発泡についても周辺に溢れ出したりする問題も無く、泡を減容することから排泡処理も簡単で経済的である。 By using the cleaning method according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively remove oil and iron, even with a steel plate having a high Si content, which is difficult to clean. Because it is large, it can be operated continuously for a long time. Moreover, because it uses a spray-type electrolyzer, maintenance costs can be reduced with compact equipment, and there is no problem of foaming overflowing to the surroundings, and since the volume of foam is reduced, the bubble removal process is simple and economical. It is.
以下、本発明を実施する具体的形態について説明する。
まず、本発明で使用する鋼板はＳｉの含有量が１％（質量％）以上のものとする。Ｓｉが１％未満の鋼板でも適用可能であるが、従来法による洗浄でも十分効果的であり、本発明が特に経済的に効果を発揮するのはＳｉを１％以上含有する洗浄性の劣化し易い鋼板である。
本発明者等が電子顕微鏡を用いて表面の微細な凹凸について観察した結果、鋼板に洗浄性劣化の原因となる微細な凹凸が出現し、洗浄性が劣化するのはＳｉ含有量が１％以上からである。
Hereinafter, specific modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.
First, the steel sheet used in the present invention has a Si content of 1% (mass%) or more. Although steel sheets with Si of less than 1% can be applied, cleaning by the conventional method is sufficiently effective, and the present invention is particularly effective when the cleaning property of Si containing 1% or more is deteriorated. Easy steel plate.
As a result of observing fine irregularities on the surface using an electron microscope, the present inventors have found that fine irregularities that cause deterioration of the cleaning property appear on the steel sheet, and the cleaning property deteriorates because the Si content is 1% or more. Because.
次に本発明では、スプレー噴霧、スプレー式電解洗浄、ブラシ式洗浄、最後に水洗洗浄の順に連続的に処理することにより、鋼板表面の油分と鉄粉を効果的に除去するものである。この順番に鋼板を洗浄することにより、本発明の効果が得られるものであり、洗浄の順番を入れ替えると洗浄性は低下する。 Next, in the present invention, oil and iron powder on the steel sheet surface are effectively removed by successively treating in the order of spray spraying, spray electrolytic cleaning, brush cleaning, and finally water cleaning. By cleaning the steel plates in this order, the effects of the present invention can be obtained. If the order of cleaning is changed, the detergency decreases.
本発明者等は、本発明の検討に当たり、各洗浄方式の最適配置について試験を行った。まず、供試材として、Ｓｉを１．５％含有する板厚２．０ｍｍの鋼板を０．５ｍｍまで冷間圧延したものを用い、表１に示す方式に従って洗浄を行い、その清浄度を白色度（Ｌ値）を用いて比較検討した。Ｌ値測定はコニカ−ミノルタ社製色差計ＤＰ３００を用いて各サンプルについて５回測定を行いその平均値をＬ値とした。鋼板の洗浄度としてＬ値を用いる場合、鋼板の成分や表面粗度によって差が見られるものの、同一素材であればＬ値が高いほど洗浄度が高い傾向が見られる。なお、各洗浄に用いるアルカリ液は４．０重量％水酸化ナトリウム溶液を用い、液温は７０℃に設定した。ブラシ式洗浄のブラシには毛足長４０ｍｍのナイロンブラシを用いブラシ数は２本とした。スプレー電解装置はノズルが１対のものを用い、スプレー噴霧はノズル数７対のものを用いた。試験の結果、本発明の配置が最も清浄度が高くなることが判明し、本発明に至ったものである。 In examining the present invention, the present inventors tested the optimal arrangement of each cleaning method. First, as a test material, a 2.0 mm thick steel sheet containing 1.5% of Si was cold-rolled to 0.5 mm, washed according to the method shown in Table 1, and the cleanliness was white. Comparison was made using the degree (L value). The L value was measured five times for each sample using a color difference meter DP300 manufactured by Konica Minolta, and the average value was taken as the L value. When the L value is used as the degree of cleaning of the steel sheet, a difference is observed depending on the components of the steel sheet and the surface roughness. The alkaline liquid used for each washing was 4.0 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and the liquid temperature was set to 70 ° C. Nylon brush with a hair length of 40 mm was used as the brush for brush cleaning, and the number of brushes was two. The spray electrolysis apparatus used was a pair of nozzles, and spray spraying was performed using a pair of nozzles of 7 pairs. As a result of the test, it has been found that the arrangement of the present invention has the highest degree of cleanliness, and the present invention has been achieved.
なお、表１の各洗浄の前に温水噴霧を加えたり、温水によるブラシ式洗浄を加えても変化は見られず、アルカリ成分を落とすために洗浄後のみ温水噴霧を行った。
各洗浄方式を２つだけ選択した場合には、いずれの組合せでも十分な洗浄効果は得られなかった。
さらに、表１中のＮｏ．７およびＮｏ．９にてブラシ式洗浄後のスプレー噴霧を２倍に強化しても顕著な改善効果は見られず、Ｎｏ．６およびＮｏ．９でブラシ式洗浄後のスプレー電解またはスプレー噴霧を強化しても効果は見られなかった。
これらの結果から、ブラシ式洗浄は一番最後に設置した場合のみ効果が見られるものであり、Ｎｏ．９およびＮｏ．１２の比較からスプレー噴霧を一番最初に設置することで洗浄効果が向上することが判明したものである。
In addition, even if it added hot water spraying before each washing | cleaning of Table 1, or brush-type washing | cleaning by warm water, a change was not seen, but in order to drop an alkaline component, warm water spraying was performed only after washing | cleaning.
When only two cleaning methods were selected, a sufficient cleaning effect could not be obtained with any combination.
Furthermore, in Table 1, No. 7 and no. No. 9 shows no significant improvement effect even if the spray spray after brush cleaning is doubled. 6 and no. No effect was observed even if spray electrolysis or spray spraying after brush type cleaning was strengthened in No. 9.
From these results, the brush-type cleaning is effective only when it is installed last. 9 and no. From the comparison of 12, it was found that the cleaning effect is improved by installing the spray spray first.
また、当然のことながら各洗浄方式にはメリットとデメリットがあり、ブラシ式洗浄のデメリットとしては、ブラシの磨耗が激しいこと、発泡が激しいこと、スプレー噴霧のデメリットとしては、完全洗浄するにはノズル数を増やす必要があり設備が大型化すること、スプレー式電解洗浄のデメリットとしては、電力消費が発生したり比較的短期間でのメンテナンス等が必要でコスト高になることがある。
したがって、単独の洗浄方式だけでなく、各洗浄方式をバランス良く組み合わせることによりコンパクトな装置でかつ高い洗浄効果が得られるものである。
以上より、本発明ではＮｏ１１の各洗浄配置を採用することとした。
Naturally, each cleaning method has its advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages of brush-type cleaning are that the brush is heavily worn, the foaming is intense, and the disadvantages of spray spraying are nozzles for complete cleaning. It is necessary to increase the number, and the equipment becomes large, and the disadvantages of the spray type electrolytic cleaning are that power consumption occurs and maintenance in a relatively short period is required, resulting in high costs.
Therefore, not only a single cleaning method but also a combination of the cleaning methods in a balanced manner can provide a compact apparatus and a high cleaning effect.
From the above, in the present invention, each cleaning arrangement No. 11 is adopted.
次に、それぞれの洗浄の役割と効果について説明する。
まず、本発明では洗浄する鋼板に対し、スプレーによるアルカリ洗浄液の噴霧を行う。これは、鋼板表面の微細な凹凸部に油が入り込んだ場合、浸漬やブラシ式洗浄では凹凸部を覆う空気の気泡を除去できないため、本来の効果が発揮できない。すなわち、スプレー噴霧により鋼板の表面を隙間無くアルカリ洗浄液で濡らし、油分を浮き上がらせるとともに油分が大量に付着した部分では噴射の勢いで油分を弾き飛ばすために最初にスプレー噴霧を行うものである。なお、本発明で用いられるアルカリ洗浄液とは、２〜６％の化成ソーダ水溶液で界面活性剤や消泡剤等の添加物を含有するものが代表的であるが、純粋な水酸化ナトリウム水溶液でも何ら支障はない。
Next, the role and effect of each cleaning will be described.
First, in the present invention, an alkaline cleaning liquid is sprayed by spraying on a steel plate to be cleaned. This is because, when oil enters a fine uneven portion on the surface of the steel sheet, air bubbles covering the uneven portion cannot be removed by dipping or brush cleaning, so that the original effect cannot be exhibited. That is, the surface of the steel plate is wetted with an alkaline cleaning solution without any gaps by spraying to lift up the oil, and at the part where a large amount of oil is attached, spraying is performed first in order to blow off the oil by the force of injection. The alkaline cleaning liquid used in the present invention is typically a 2-6% chemical soda aqueous solution containing additives such as a surfactant and an antifoaming agent, but even a pure sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. There is no hindrance.
次にスプレー式電解洗浄を行う。スプレー式電解洗浄は例えば特許文献３に詳細な記載がなされているが、鋼板を挟んで対向する上下位置にアルカリ洗浄液の噴霧ノズルを配置し、一方を陽極、他方を陰極としてノズル間に電圧を印加することで電解洗浄効果が得られるものである。あらかじめスプレー噴霧で微細表面まで濡れていることで付着した油分が鋼板表面から遊離し、スプレー式電解洗浄を効果的に行うことが可能である。電解洗浄としては鋼板を浸漬して行うのが、一般的であるが、浸漬による電解洗浄では連続的に鋼板を処理する場合、設備が長大で費用が高くなる問題がある。本発明では電解洗浄にスプレー式電解を用いることにより小型の設備で初期費用も安く、メンテナンスも簡単で済む。 Next, spray electrolytic cleaning is performed. Spray electrolytic cleaning is described in detail, for example, in Patent Document 3, but an alkaline cleaning liquid spray nozzle is disposed at the upper and lower positions facing each other across a steel plate, and voltage is applied between the nozzles using one as an anode and the other as a cathode. By applying this, an electrolytic cleaning effect can be obtained. The oil adhering to the fine surface by spraying in advance is released from the surface of the steel sheet, and it is possible to effectively perform the spray type electrolytic cleaning. Electrolytic cleaning is generally performed by dipping a steel plate, but electrolytic cleaning by dipping has a problem that the equipment is long and expensive when continuously treating the steel plate. In the present invention, spray electrolysis is used for electrolytic cleaning, so that the initial cost is low with a small facility, and maintenance is simple.
通常、スプレー式電解装置では、２対以上の電極ノズルを設置する場合、同極同士を鋼板を挟んで対向するように設置する（同極配置と表記する）が、本発明では＋極と−極が鋼板を挟んで対向するように設置する（異極対向と表記する）ことが更に好ましい。このような配置を採用することで、より洗浄効率が高まり少ないノズル数ですむメリットがある。ノズル数については２対以上で偶数対設置する。 Usually, in the case of installing two or more pairs of electrode nozzles in a spray electrolyzer, the same poles are placed so as to face each other with a steel plate sandwiched between them (denoted as the same pole arrangement). More preferably, the poles are placed so as to face each other with the steel plate sandwiched therebetween (denoted as opposed to different poles). By adopting such an arrangement, there is an advantage that the cleaning efficiency is further increased and the number of nozzles can be reduced. As for the number of nozzles, an even number pair is installed with two or more pairs.
表２はスプレー式電解装置において、２対の電極ノズルを同極配置と異極対向で試験したときの洗浄結果である。スプレー噴霧後、スプレー電解を行い、ブラシ式洗浄を行う試験を実施した。供試材として２．６％Ｓｉを含有し、板圧０．５ｍｍの無方向性電磁鋼板の冷延板をサンプルサイズ２００ｍｍ幅×３００ｍｍ長さに切断したものを用い、６０℃の４％水酸化Ｎａ水溶液をアルカリ洗浄液とした。
２対の電極ノズルの配置を異極対向とすることで、更に高い洗浄効果が得られる。
Table 2 shows the cleaning results when two pairs of electrode nozzles are tested with the same polarity arrangement and opposite polarity in the spray electrolysis apparatus. After spraying, spray electrolysis was performed, and a brush cleaning was performed. As a test material, 2.6% Si is contained, and a cold rolled sheet of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a sheet pressure of 0.5 mm is cut into a sample size of 200 mm width × 300 mm length, and 4% water at 60 ° C. An aqueous sodium oxide solution was used as an alkaline cleaning solution.
An even higher cleaning effect can be obtained by arranging the two pairs of electrode nozzles to face each other.
次に本発明では、ブラシ式洗浄を行う。油分が浮遊・除去されることで鉄粉も大部分除去されるが、完全では無い。Ｓｉを１％以上含有する鋼板では、表面に非常に微細なクラック状の凹凸があり、それが剥れて鉄粉となるためである。
図１はＳｉを２％含有する鋼板を冷延した後、実験室にてアルカリ洗浄を行ったサンプルの走査型電子顕微鏡写真である。表面に容易に剥離すると思われる鉄粉が付着しているのがわかる。このような鉄粉はスプレー式噴霧あるいは、スプレー式電解洗浄では除去不可能である。このような鉄粉を除去するためには、あらかじめ油分を取り除いた上で、ブラシ式洗浄によって物理的に擦り落とすことで初めて除去することが可能である。
Next, in the present invention, brush cleaning is performed. Most of the iron powder is removed by floating and removing the oil, but it is not perfect. This is because a steel sheet containing 1% or more of Si has very fine crack-like irregularities on the surface and peels off to form iron powder.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a sample obtained by cold rolling a steel sheet containing 2% Si and performing alkali cleaning in a laboratory. It can be seen that iron powder that seems to peel easily is attached to the surface. Such iron powder cannot be removed by spray spraying or spray electrolytic cleaning. In order to remove such iron powder, it is possible to remove it only after removing the oil in advance and then physically rubbing it off by brush cleaning.
なお、本発明で使用するアルカリ洗浄液とは、２％〜１０％の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液が代表的であるが、好ましくは３％〜５％水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で、界面活性剤、消泡剤、分散剤等の添加剤を数％含有したもので、水酸化ナトリウムの代わりにケイ酸ナトリウムや炭酸ナトリウム、リン酸ナトリウムを用いても良い。また、液温は５０℃〜８５℃の範囲が良好で、好ましくは６５℃〜７５℃の範囲である。 The alkaline cleaning liquid used in the present invention is typically a 2% to 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, but preferably a 3% to 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, It contains a few percent of additives such as a dispersant, and sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, or sodium phosphate may be used instead of sodium hydroxide. The liquid temperature is preferably in the range of 50 ° C to 85 ° C, preferably in the range of 65 ° C to 75 ° C.
最後に鋼板に付着したアルカリ洗浄液を取り除くため、水洗洗浄を行いドライヤー等で乾燥させる。水洗洗浄は、水温５０℃以上が適当で、設置数等は特に限定するものではないが、鋼板に付着したアルカリ洗浄液を洗い流すだけの水量は必要である。 Finally, in order to remove the alkaline cleaning liquid adhering to the steel plate, it is washed with water and dried with a dryer or the like. Washing with water is appropriately performed at a water temperature of 50 ° C. or higher, and the number of installations is not particularly limited. However, an amount of water is sufficient to wash away the alkaline cleaning liquid adhering to the steel plate.
次に、本発明者等は洗浄液に発生する泡の除去方式について検討した。
まず、発生した泡は、本来アルカリ洗浄液成分に空気が混入し体積が膨張したものであるが、いわゆる石鹸成分を多く含むものである。すなわち、アルカリ洗浄液には主成分のアルカリ成分だけでなく、界面活性剤や消泡剤等も添加されているが、Ｓｉを含有する鋼板では微細な凹凸のため油分の付着量も比較的多く、したがってケン化反応により油分とアルカリから生成する石鹸成分も多く含まれ、泡発生の原因となっている。なお、鉱物油の場合にはケン化作用は受け難いものの、アルカリの乳化作用により洗浄液中に分散することから同様に発泡の原因となる。
Next, the present inventors examined a method for removing bubbles generated in the cleaning liquid.
First, the generated foam is originally a mixture of air in the alkaline cleaning liquid component and expanded in volume, but contains a large amount of so-called soap components. That is, not only the alkali component of the main component, but also surfactants and antifoaming agents are added to the alkaline cleaning liquid, but the amount of oil attached is relatively large due to fine irregularities in the steel sheet containing Si, Therefore, a lot of soap components produced from oil and alkali by saponification reaction are also included, causing foam generation. In the case of mineral oil, it is difficult to receive a saponification effect. However, since it is dispersed in the cleaning liquid by the emulsification effect of alkali, it similarly causes foaming.
よって、泡には油分や石鹸分が多く含まれることから、泡を消すのでは無く、泡を減容して排出することにより、洗浄液の劣化を積極的に防止することが可能である。本発明では、スプレー噴霧、スプレー式電解洗浄、あるいはブラシ式洗浄のそれぞれのセクションから回収された洗浄液を中間タンクに一時的に静置することで泡の浮遊分離を促進し、さらにその状態を維持しながら循環タンクに流入させて泡を圧縮して減容させる。循環タンク入り口には泡を減容するために入り口を狭くする押さえ板が設置してあり、流入時に泡が洗浄液の流れに板面に押し付けられて体積が減少する。なお、泡を圧縮する方法としては押さえ板でなくとも良く、流入する洗浄液をシロッコファンのような加圧できる装置を通過させて圧力を加える方法でも良い。減容した泡は排出タンクに吸引あるいはオーバーフローにより洗浄液から分離し、排出タンクに投入する。
循環タンクには油分除去装置や鉄分除去装置等の付属装置を接続可能で、洗浄液中の油分や鉄分を除去するが、これらは従来の装置を用いることができる。
Therefore, since the foam contains a large amount of oil and soap, it is possible to positively prevent the cleaning liquid from being deteriorated by reducing and discharging the foam instead of erasing the foam. In the present invention, the cleaning liquid collected from each section of spray spraying, spray-type electrolytic cleaning, or brush-type cleaning is temporarily left in the intermediate tank to promote the floating separation of the foam and to maintain the state. While flowing into the circulation tank, the foam is compressed to reduce the volume. A pressure plate that narrows the inlet to reduce the volume of foam is installed at the inlet of the circulation tank, and the foam is pressed against the plate surface against the flow of the cleaning liquid at the time of inflow to reduce the volume. In addition, as a method of compressing the foam, it is not necessary to use a pressing plate, and it is also possible to apply a pressure by passing an inflowing cleaning liquid through a device capable of pressurizing such as a sirocco fan. The reduced foam is separated from the cleaning liquid by suction or overflow into the discharge tank and put into the discharge tank.
An auxiliary device such as an oil removing device or an iron removing device can be connected to the circulation tank, and oil and iron in the cleaning liquid are removed. Conventional devices can be used for these.
図２は本発明の実施形態の模式図である。図面では洗浄液供給配管、およびアルカリ洗浄後のリンズ装置、鋼板を乾燥させるドライヤー装置、また洗浄液中の油分除去装置、鉄分除去装置等の付属装置は省略している。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, the cleaning liquid supply pipe, the rinse apparatus after alkali cleaning, the dryer apparatus for drying the steel plate, the oil removing apparatus in the cleaning liquid, the iron removing apparatus, and the like are omitted.
洗浄される鋼板７にはＳｉ含有量２．６％（質量％）で板厚０．３５ｍｍを用いた。鋼板７は、まず第一にスプレー式洗浄装置１において、スプレー噴霧ノズル２より噴霧されるアルカリ洗浄液によって微細表面に至るまで表面が濡れるとともに比較的分厚く付着した油分は吹き飛ばされる。次に、スプレー式電解洗浄装置３のノズル４から洗浄液が噴射されるとともにノズル間に印加された電圧により表面に付着した油分が浮遊する。この時、あらかじめ微細な凹部まで洗浄液で濡れているので効果的に油分が遊離する。大部分の鉄粉は油分とともに洗浄されるが、スプレー噴霧等では剥離していない鉄粉は残存している。鋼板７はブラシ式洗浄装置５において、ブラシ６によって擦り洗浄され鉄粉が除去される。 The steel plate 7 to be cleaned has a Si content of 2.6% (mass%) and a plate thickness of 0.35 mm. First of all, the surface of the steel plate 7 is wetted to the fine surface by the alkaline cleaning liquid sprayed from the spray spray nozzle 2 in the spray type cleaning device 1 and the oil component adhering relatively thickly is blown off. Next, the cleaning liquid is sprayed from the nozzle 4 of the spray type electrolytic cleaning apparatus 3, and the oil adhering to the surface is floated by the voltage applied between the nozzles. At this time, since the fine recesses are wetted with the cleaning liquid in advance, the oil is effectively released. Most of the iron powder is washed with oil, but iron powder that has not been peeled off by spraying or the like remains. The steel plate 7 is rubbed and cleaned by the brush 6 in the brush type cleaning device 5 to remove iron powder.
なお、使用したスプレー電解の電極数は２、スプレーノズルの間隔は５ｍｍ、幅は１３００ｍｍであり、電極間距離は２００ｍｍで異極対向に設定した。加圧電圧は４０Ｖ、電流量は３０Ａで処理時間２秒で通板した結果、Ｌ値は８８であった。 The number of electrodes of spray electrolysis used was 2, the distance between spray nozzles was 5 mm, the width was 1300 mm, the distance between the electrodes was 200 mm, and the electrodes were opposed to each other. As a result of passing through the plate with the applied voltage of 40 V, the current amount of 30 A and the treatment time of 2 seconds, the L value was 88.
洗浄後のアルカリ洗浄液はそれぞれの装置から回収配管８を通じてまず中間タンク９に集められる。中間タンク９で発生した泡は浮遊分離し、洗浄液の上側に浮遊する。中間タンク９は循環タンク１１と大口径配管１０で接続されており、泡を浮遊させた状態で循環タンク１１に送液される。循環タンク入り口には泡押さえ板１２が設置されており、泡は循環タンクに流れ込む洗浄液と押さえ板１２とに圧縮され減容する。循環タンク１１には液面近くに泡を排出する配管が設けられており、排出タンク１３に泡のみが排出される。効果的に泡とアルカリ洗浄液は分離され、泡は押さえ板１２によって減容できたため、極少量の消泡剤を使用しただけで長時間にわたり有効に鋼板を洗浄することができた。 The alkaline cleaning liquid after the cleaning is first collected in the intermediate tank 9 through the recovery pipe 8 from each device. Bubbles generated in the intermediate tank 9 are floated and separated and float on the upper side of the cleaning liquid. The intermediate tank 9 is connected to the circulation tank 11 by a large-diameter pipe 10 and is sent to the circulation tank 11 in a state where bubbles are floated. A foam presser plate 12 is installed at the entrance of the circulation tank, and the foam is compressed and reduced by the cleaning liquid flowing into the circulation tank and the presser plate 12. The circulation tank 11 is provided with a pipe for discharging bubbles near the liquid surface, and only the bubbles are discharged to the discharge tank 13. Since the foam and the alkaline cleaning liquid were effectively separated and the volume of the foam could be reduced by the pressing plate 12, the steel sheet could be effectively cleaned over a long period of time only by using a very small amount of antifoaming agent.
１：スプレー噴霧装置 ２：スプレー噴霧ノズル
３：スプレー式電解装置 ４：スプレー式電解装置のノズル
５：ブラシ式洗浄装置 ６：ブラシ
７：洗浄される鋼板（矢印は進行方向を示す）
８：洗浄液回収配管 ９：中間タンク
１０：中間タンクと循環タンクを結合し泡と洗浄液を分離した状態で移送する大口径 配管
１１：循環タンク １２：泡圧縮用押さえ板
１３：泡排出タンク
1: Spray spray device 2: Spray spray nozzle 3: Spray electrolysis device 4: Spray electrolysis device nozzle 5: Brush-type cleaning device 6: Brush 7: Steel plate to be cleaned (the arrow indicates the traveling direction)
8: Cleaning liquid recovery pipe 9: Intermediate tank 10: Large diameter pipe for transferring the foam and cleaning liquid in a state where the intermediate tank and the circulation tank are separated 11: Circulation tank 12: Press plate for foam compression 13: Foam discharge tank
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| JPH01123100A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-05-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for defoaming for steel sheet cleaning equipment |
| JPH083797A (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 1996-01-09 | Nkk Corp | Cleaning device for steel sheet and method for preventing discoloration using the same |
| JPH0941043A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-10 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Production grain-oriented silicon steel sheet, decarburizing annealing method therefor and decarburizing annealing equipment therefor |
| JPH10237700A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-09-08 | Hotani:Kk | Washing method and washing device for strip |
| JPH11246982A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 1999-09-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Alkali spray washing method for cold rolled steel sheet and apparatus therefor |
| JPH11269678A (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-05 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for cleaning cold-rolled steel strip in continuous annealing plant |
| JP2003321787A (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-11-14 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Degreasing method of metallic plate and degreasing apparatus thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9657735B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2017-05-23 | Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Screw fluid machine, including male and female rotors |
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| JP2006272059A (en) | 2006-10-12 |
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