JP4512610B2 - プラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置 - Google Patents
プラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4512610B2 JP4512610B2 JP2007120031A JP2007120031A JP4512610B2 JP 4512610 B2 JP4512610 B2 JP 4512610B2 JP 2007120031 A JP2007120031 A JP 2007120031A JP 2007120031 A JP2007120031 A JP 2007120031A JP 4512610 B2 JP4512610 B2 JP 4512610B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1917—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using digital means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
- F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
- G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
- G05B13/044—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance not using a perturbation signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
従来、 エンジン始動直後のエミッションを低減する技術として特開平10-299631(FIRE)に見られるように、ファストアイドル中の吸入空気量を通常のアイドル状態よりも増大するとともに点火時期をリタードすることによって、排ガスの熱エネルギー(温度だけではなく質量も増大)し、この熱エネルギーによって触媒の活性時間を短縮する技術が広く用いられている。
膨張・排気行程噴射による触媒活性時間の短縮を図る手法としては、前述のように膨張・排気行程噴射による燃料の筒内または排気管内での燃焼によって排ガス温度の上昇を図る方法がある。この場合、始動直後のエンジンの暖機前ということもあり、筒内の燃焼ガスまたは排気の温度が低く、十分な燃焼を実現することは非常に難しい。
膨張・排気行程噴射の噴射タイミングおよび噴射量制御としては、触媒温度Tcatと膨張・排気行程噴射の関係が、予め図2に示す関係となるようにエンジン始動後の時間に対し設定しておくことも考えられる。
そこで、予め設定された触媒反応熱係数の特性を実際の劣化状態に合わせた特性に合致するように修正する手法を以下に提案する。
図10のブロック図に示したモデル修正アルゴリズム35は次のようなものである。まず、CAT推定温度Tcat_hatに対して図12に示すような互いに交差する複数の重み関数Wiを設定する。このWiは、互いに交差する複数の関数のとる値の総和が各関数の最大値(図では“1”)と等しくなるような関数として設定されており、触媒反応熱係数Ccatが劣化条件によって変化する領域にて、複数の関数がお互いに交差するように設定されている。
Em(k) = Tcsns(k-1) - Tcsns_hat(k-1) (3-1)
Ewi(k) =Wi(k)Em(k) (i=0〜4) (3-3)
次にCAT温推定値Tcat_hatと温度センサ出力推定値Tcsns_hatを算出する熱モデルについて説明する。
Tex_bs_mbt(k) ← エンジン回転数NE(k)と吸気量Gcyl(k)に基づいて図14(a)を検索して求める(3-11)。
Ktex_bs_rt(k) ← MBTポイントからの点火リタード量に基づいて図14(b)を検索して求める(3-12)。
Tex_hat(k)=−Ktex Tex_hat(k-1)+(1−Ktex) Tex_bs(k) (3-13)
Ktex:ポート部遅れ係数 (-1<Ktex<0、ex)-0.95)
Lxp :排気管長さ たとえば、Lexp=0.4m
Gcyl_max :最大エンジン吸気量 たとえば、Gcyl_max=60 g/s
TA :大気温度
ΔT :制御周期
Acat、Bcat:熱モデルパラメータ たとえば、Acat=-0.01、Bcat=-0.18
Lcat :排気管長さ たとえば、Lcat=0.2m
Tcsns_hat(k)=−Ks Tcsns_hat(k-1)+(1+Ks) Tcat_hat(k) (3-16)
Ks: センサ遅れ係数 たとえば、 Ks=-0.998
電気自動車やHEVに搭載されるバッテリーを初めとして、一般的にバッテリーは充電を行う際に化学反応による発熱を伴い、急速な充電を行うと、バッテリー温度が異常に上昇し、バッテリーが損傷する恐れがある。
Abti, Bbti, Cbti, Dbti:熱モデルパラメータ(i=1,2: ブロック番号)
Ucl( ) :冷却装置入力電圧
TA( ) :大気温
Tcl( ) :冷却水温
Wch : 充電電力量
ΔT :サンプル周期(制御周期)
Tbt1_sm(k)=(1+Ksm’)Tbt1_sm(k-1)-Ksm’Tbt1_hat(k) (4-6)
Tbt1_sm( ) :温度センサ出力推定値
Ksm’ :センサ遅れ係数(-1<Ksm’<0)
Gcyl_afm(g/cyl) =60 × Gin_afm/(2 × NE)
19 インジェクタ
23 触媒
25 温度センサ
27 排気温度マップ
29 排気管モデル
31 触媒モデル
33 センサモデル
35 モデル修正アルゴリズム
37 膨張・排気行程噴射量算出部
Claims (3)
- 温度センサを備えたプラントの温度を前記温度センサの遅れ特性および前記プラントの発熱特性の変化に関係なく制御する電子制御装置であって、
前記プラントの温度(Tcat)と前記プラントの劣化に応じて変化して前記プラントの温度(Tcat)に影響するパラメータ(Ccat)との非線形な特性の相関マップを用いて前記プラントの温度推定値(Tcat_hat)を算出する温度推定モデル(31)と、
前記温度推定モデル(31)を前記温度センサの出力に基づいて修正するモデル修正手段(35)と、
前記プラントの温度推定値(Tcat_hat)に基づいて前記プラントの温度(Tcat)が所望の値になるよう前記プラントを制御する制御手段(37)と、
前記温度推定値(Tcat_hat)を入力として前記温度センサの出力推定値(Tcsns_hat)を算出する温度センサモデル(33)と、
を備え、
前記モデル修正手段(35)は、前記相関マップに対し、前記プラントの温度(Tcat)の範囲において互いに交差し、適用されるそれぞれの関数値の総和がひとつの関数の最大値に等しい複数の重み関数(Wi)を用い、前記温度センサの出力(Tcsns)と前記温度センサの出力推定値(Tcsns_hat)との誤差Em(k)と前記複数の重み関数(Wi)のそれぞれとの積Ewiを用いて前記重み関数(Wi)に対する局所修正係数(Kcli)を算出し、該局所修正係数(Kcli)と前記重み関数(Wi)との積の和として前記誤差Em(k)を最小とするモデル補正係数(Kc)を算出し、
前記温度推定モデル(31)は、前記モデル補正係数(Kc)を用いて前記相関マップを修正することを特徴とするプラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置。 - 前記プラントは内燃機関の排気系である、請求項1に記載の電子制御装置。
- 前記プラントが充電可能なバッテリである、請求項1に記載の電子制御装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007120031A JP4512610B2 (ja) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | プラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置 |
US12/081,896 US7881830B2 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-04-23 | Electronic control system for controlling plant temperature |
EP20080008049 EP1986067B1 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-04-25 | Electronic control system for controlling plant temperature |
DE200860000226 DE602008000226D1 (de) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-04-25 | Elektronisches Steuersystem zur Steuerung einer Anlagentemperatur |
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JP2007120031A JP4512610B2 (ja) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | プラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置 |
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JP2008276562A JP2008276562A (ja) | 2008-11-13 |
JP4512610B2 true JP4512610B2 (ja) | 2010-07-28 |
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JP2007120031A Expired - Fee Related JP4512610B2 (ja) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | プラントの温度を制御する電子制御装置 |
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US (1) | US7881830B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1986067B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4512610B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602008000226D1 (ja) |
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JP5604852B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-10-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の触媒装置温度推定装置 |
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WO2002070873A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Dispositif et procede permettant de realiser le diagnostic d'un moteur a combustion interne et procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne utilisant lesdits dispositif et procede |
JP2006183645A (ja) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | プラントの温度制御装置 |
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US5722236A (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1998-03-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Adaptive exhaust temperature estimation and control |
ATE265177T1 (de) * | 1999-10-28 | 2004-05-15 | Pulsion Medical Sys Ag | Vorrichtung, computersystem und computerprogramm zur bestimmung eines kardiovasculären parameters |
EP1581840B1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2010-10-06 | Rockwell Automation, Inc. | A system and method of adaptive control of processes with varying dynamics |
US7272454B2 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2007-09-18 | Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. | Multiple-input/multiple-output control blocks with non-linear predictive capabilities |
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WO2002070873A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Dispositif et procede permettant de realiser le diagnostic d'un moteur a combustion interne et procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne utilisant lesdits dispositif et procede |
JP2006183645A (ja) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | プラントの温度制御装置 |
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US20080269955A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
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